EP3845805A1 - Four à chargeur - Google Patents

Four à chargeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3845805A1
EP3845805A1 EP18931298.6A EP18931298A EP3845805A1 EP 3845805 A1 EP3845805 A1 EP 3845805A1 EP 18931298 A EP18931298 A EP 18931298A EP 3845805 A1 EP3845805 A1 EP 3845805A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stage
combustion
combustion stage
post
stoker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18931298.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3845805A4 (fr
EP3845805B1 (fr
Inventor
Yoshimasa Sawamoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Environmental and Chemical Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Environmental and Chemical Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of EP3845805A1 publication Critical patent/EP3845805A1/fr
Publication of EP3845805A4 publication Critical patent/EP3845805A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3845805B1 publication Critical patent/EP3845805B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F23G5/05—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying using drying grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
    • F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stoker furnace.
  • a stoker furnace capable of efficiently incinerating a large amount of material to be incinerated without separation is known as an incinerator for incinerating incineration object such as waste.
  • an incinerator for incinerating incineration object such as waste.
  • a stoker furnace a stoker furnace in which the stoker is configured as a stepped type, and which is equipped with a drying stage, a combustion stage, and a post-combustion stage performing each of the functions of drying, combustion, and post-combustion is known.
  • the inclination angle of the stoker may be inclined so that a downstream side in a conveying direction of an installation surface of all the stages of the drying stage, the combustion stage, and the post-combustion stage is directed downward.
  • the drying stage is simply referred to as being directed downward (the same also applies to the combustion stage and the post-combustion stage).
  • Patent Document 3 there is a configuration in which the drying stage is inclined downward, and the combustion stage and the post-combustion stage are disposed horizontally
  • Patent Document 4 there is a configuration in which the drying stage and the combustion stage are inclined downward and the downstream side in the conveying direction of the installation surface of the post-combustion stage is inclined upward
  • Patent Document 5 there is a configuration in which all the stages are inclined upward.
  • the combustion stage is simply referred to as being directed upward (the same also applies to the case of the drying stage and the post-combustion stage).
  • incineration objects with various properties may be charged into the stoker furnace, but an incineration object of a slippery material or a shape that is easy to roll, or incineration object with a high moisture content (large amount of water) was difficult to incinerate in the same stoker furnace as that used for other incineration objects.
  • the drying efficiency of moisture in the incineration object or the combustion efficiency of the incineration object depends on how radiant heat of the flame generated by combustion of the incinerated object impacts on the incinerated object.
  • consideration was not given to how to impact radiant heat, and combustion and ashing of the stoker as a whole was inefficient.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a stoker furnace capable of continuously charging an incinerated object regardless of the properties of the incineration object, efficiently performing combustion and ashing as a whole stoker, and eliminating combustion residue of the incineration object.
  • a stoker furnace which is configured to feed an incineration object from a feeder, performs each of drying, combustion and post-combustion, while sequentially conveying the incineration object, in a drying stage, a combustion stage and a post-combustion stage, which include a plurality of fixed fire grates and a plurality of movable fire grates, and discharge the incineration object after the post-combustion from a discharge chute connected to the post-combustion stage
  • the stoker furnace including: a front arch extending from an upper part of the feeder to an upper part of the drying stage or the combustion stage; a rear arch extending from an upper part of the discharge chute to an upper part of the post-combustion stage or the combustion stage; and a rectangular tubular furnace wall connected to the front arch and the rear arch and is configured to guide exhaust gas generated by combustion of the incineration object, wherein in order that main surfaces of each of the drying stage, the combustion stage and the post-combustion stage are directed
  • the incineration object can be continuously charged, and the stoker as a whole can be efficiently combusted and ashed to eliminate the incineration residue of the incineration object.
  • a center line of the rectangular tubular furnace wall may be on the combustion stage.
  • the position of the main combustion section is defined as the combustion stage, and radiant heat can be efficiently applied to the drying stage, the combustion stage, and the post-combustion stage.
  • an end portion of the post-combustion stage on the downstream side in the conveying direction may be disposed at the same position in the vertical direction as the end portion of the combustion stage on the downstream side in the conveying direction or above the end portion of the combustion stage.
  • the fixed fire grate and the movable fire grate may be disposed to be inclined so that the downstream side in the conveying direction is directed upward with respect to the installation surfaces of the drying stage, the combustion stage, and the post-combustion stage.
  • the movable fire grate can be operated to and convey the incineration object on the fixed fire grate to the downstream side in the conveying direction, while stirring.
  • the combustion stages and the post-combustion stages may be continuously connected to each other without a step.
  • the present invention it is possible to continuously charge the incineration object regardless of the properties of the incineration object, and it is possible to eliminate the combustion residue of the incineration object.
  • the stoker furnace of the present embodiment is a stoker furnace for combustion of incineration object such as waste, and, as shown in Fig. 1 , includes a hopper 2 for temporarily storing an incineration object B, an incineration furnace 3 for combusting the incineration object B, a feeder 4 for feeding the incineration object B to the incineration furnace 3, a stoker 5 (including fire grates 15 and 16 of a drying stage 11, a combustion stage 12, and a post-combustion stage 13) provided on a bottom side of the incineration furnace 3, and a wind box 6 provided below the stoker 5.
  • a hopper 2 for temporarily storing an incineration object B
  • an incineration furnace 3 for combusting the incineration object B
  • a feeder 4 for feeding the incineration object B to the incineration furnace 3
  • a stoker 5 including fire grates 15 and 16 of a drying stage 11, a combustion stage 12, and a post-combustion stage 13
  • the feeder 4 pushes the incineration object B continuously fed onto a feed table 7 via the hopper 2 into the incinerator 3.
  • the feeder 4 reciprocates on the feed table 7 by a feeder driving device 8 with a predetermined stroke.
  • the wind box 6 supplies primary air from a blower (not shown) to each part of the stoker 5.
  • the incinerator 3 has a combustion chamber 9 provided above the stoker 5 and including a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber.
  • the incinerator 3 has a secondary air supply nozzle 10 for feeding secondary air to the combustion chamber 9.
  • the stoker 5 is a combustion device in which the fire grates 15 and 16 are arranged in a stepwise manner.
  • the incineration object B is combusted on the stoker 5.
  • a direction in which the incineration object B is conveyed is referred to as a conveying direction D.
  • the incineration object B is conveyed on the stoker 5 in the conveying direction D.
  • a right side is a downstream side D1 in the conveying direction.
  • a surface onto which the fire grates 15 and 16 are attached is referred to as an installation surface, and an angle on the conveying direction D formed by a horizontal surface and the installation surface centered on the upstream end portions (11b, 12b and 13b) of the drying stage 11, the combustion stage 12 or the post-combustion stage 13 is referred to as a stoker inclination angle (an installation angle).
  • the stoker inclination angle When the downstream side in the conveying direction of the installation surface is directed upward from the horizontal plane, the stoker inclination angle is set as a positive value, and when the downstream side in the conveying direction of the installation surface is directed downward from the horizontal plane, the stoker inclination angle is set as a negative value.
  • the stoker 5 has, in order from the upstream side in the conveying direction of the incineration object B, a drying stage 11 for drying the incineration object B, a combustion stage 12 for incinerating the incineration object B, and a post-combustion stage 13 for completely incinerating (post-combustion) unburnt components.
  • each of the drying, the combustion, and the post-combustion is performed, while sequentially conveying the incineration object B in the drying stage 11, the combustion stage 12, and the post-combustion stage 13.
  • Each of the stages 11, 12 and 13 has a plurality of fixed fire grates 15 and a plurality of movable fire grates 16.
  • the fixed fire grates 15 and the movable fire grates 16 are alternately arranged in the conveying direction D.
  • the movable fire grates 16 reciprocate in the conveying direction D of the incineration object B.
  • the incineration object B on the stoker 5 is conveyed and stirred by the reciprocating motion of the movable fire grates 16. That is, lower layer portions of the incineration object B are moved and replaced with upper layer portions of the incineration object B.
  • the drying stage 11 receives the incineration object B that is pushed out by the feeder 4 and fallen into the incinerator 3, evaporates the moisture in the incineration object B and partially thermally decomposes the incineration object B.
  • the combustion stage 12 ignites the incineration object B dried in the drying stage 11 by the primary air fed from the wind box 6 below the combustion stage 12 and combusts the volatile matter and the fixed carbon content.
  • the post-combustion stage 13 combusts unburnt content such as the fixed carbon content having passed through without being sufficiently combusted in the combustion stage 12 until the unburnt content is completely ashed.
  • a discharge chute 17 is provided at the outlet of the post-combustion stage 13. The ash is discharged from the incinerator 3 through the discharge chute 17.
  • the stoker furnace 1 has a front arch 31 extending from the upper part of the feeder 4 to at least the upper part of the drying stage 11, and a rear arch 32 extending from the upper part of the discharge chute 17 to at least the upper part of the rear post-combustion stage 13. That is, the end portion 31b of the front arch 31 on the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction is located above the drying stage 11 or the combustion stage 12. Further, an end portion 32a of the rear arch 32 on the upstream side in the conveying direction is located above the combustion stage 12 or the post-combustion stage 13.
  • the front arch 31 and the rear arch 32 are connected to a furnace wall 33 of the incinerator 3.
  • the furnace wall 33 has a rectangular tubular shape and guides the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the incineration object B.
  • the furnace wall 33 has a front wall 34 and a rear wall 35 directed in the conveying direction D, and a pair of side walls 36 extending along the conveying direction D.
  • the interval between the front wall 34 and the rear wall 35 and the interval between the pair of side walls 36 are, for example, 3 m to 4 m.
  • the front wall 34 is disposed on the upstream side of the rear wall 35 in the conveying direction D.
  • a center line C of the rectangular tubular furnace wall 33 lies on the combustion stage 12. That is, the center line C passing through the center of the furnace wall 33 along the front wall 34, the rear wall 35 and the side wall 36 intersects the combustion stage 12.
  • the secondary air supply nozzle 10 is disposed on the front wall 34 and the rear wall 35.
  • the secondary air supply nozzle 10 is oriented to inject the secondary air from the front wall 34 and the rear wall 35 toward the center of the furnace wall 33.
  • the secondary air supply nozzle 10 is disposed on the front wall 34 and the rear wall 35, but may be disposed in the front arch 31 and the rear arch 32.
  • the front arch 31 and the rear arch 32 are parts that form a ceiling (an upper wall) of the stoker 5.
  • An end portion 31a of the front arch 31 on the upstream side in the conveying direction is located above the feeder 4.
  • a vertical interval between the end portion 31a of the front arch 31 on the upstream side in the conveying direction and the feeder 4 is about 1 m.
  • the front arch 31 is inclined so that the end portion 31b on the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction is higher than the end portion 31a on the upstream side in the conveying direction. That is, the front arch 31 is inclined so that the space in the stoker 5 becomes wider toward the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction.
  • the vertical interval between the end portion 32b of the rear arch 32 on the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction and the end portion on the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction of the post-combustion stage 13 is about 1 m.
  • An end portion 32b of the rear arch 32 on the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction is located above the discharge chute 17.
  • the rear arch 32 is inclined so that the end portion 32b on the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction is lower than the end portion 32a on the upstream side in the conveying direction. That is, the rear arch 32 is inclined so that the space in the stoker 5 becomes narrower toward the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction.
  • Each of the drying stage 11, the combustion stage 12, and the post-combustion stage 13 has a drive mechanism 18 for driving the movable fire grates 16. That is, the drying stage 11, the combustion stage 12, and the post-combustion stage 13 each have a separate drive mechanism 18 for driving the plurality of movable fire grates 16.
  • the drive mechanism 18 is attached to a beam 19 provided on the stoker 5.
  • the drive mechanism 18 has a hydraulic cylinder 20 attached to the beam 19, an arm 21 operated by the hydraulic cylinder 20, and a beam 22 connected to a distal end of the arm 21.
  • the beam 22 and the movable fire grates 16 are connected to each other via a bracket 23.
  • the arm 21 is operated by expansion and contraction of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 20.
  • the beam 22 configured to move along each of the installation surface 11a of the drying stage 11, the installation surface 12a of the combustion stage 12, and the installation surface 13a of the post-combustion stage 13 move, and the movable fire grates 16 connected to the beam 22 are driven.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 20 may be used as the drive mechanism 18 of this embodiment, there is no limitation thereto, and for example, a hydraulic motor, an electrical cylinder, a conductive linear motor, or the like can be adopted. Further, the form of the drive mechanism 18 is not limited to that of the above-described embodiment, and any form may be adopted as long as the movable fire grate 16 can be made to reciprocate. For example, instead of disposing the arm 21, the beam 22 and the hydraulic cylinder 20 may be connected directly to each other and driven.
  • the stoker furnace 1 of this embodiment can set the driving speed of the movable fire grates 16 in the drying stage 11, the combustion stage 12, and the post-combustion stage 13 to the same speed or to different speeds in at least some of the drying stage 11, the combustion stage 12, and the post-combustion stage 13.
  • the incineration object B required to be sufficiently combusted in the combustion stage 12 is charged, by decreasing the driving speed of the movable fire grate 16 of the combustion stage 12, and by decreasing the conveying speed of the incineration object B on the combustion stage 12, the incineration object B can be sufficiently combusted.
  • the fixed fire grate 15 and the movable fire grate 16 are disposed to be inclined such that the downstream side in the conveying direction is directed upward with respect to the installation surfaces 11a, 12a and 13a of each of the drying stage 11, the combustion stage 12, and the post-combustion stage 13.
  • Some of the movable fire grates 16 of the drying stage 11 may be a fire grate with a protrusion 16P (others are normal fire grates as will be described later).
  • the movable fire grate 16 in the range R1 of 50% to 80% from the downstream side in the conveying direction is the fire grate with the protrusion 16P.
  • the fire grate with the protrusion 16P has a plate-like fire grate body 25, and a triangular protrusion 26 provided at the distal end of the fire grate body 25.
  • the protrusion 26 protrudes upward from the upper surface of the fire grate body 25.
  • the shape of the protrusion 26 is not limited thereto, and it may be, for example, a trapezoidal shape or a round shape.
  • the fixed fire grate 15 of FIG. 3 is a fire grate with no protrusion on the upper surface of its distal end, and this shape is called a normal fire grate.
  • some of the movable fire grates 16 are defined as the fire grate with the protrusion 16P, but there is no limitation thereto, and both of the movable fire grate 16 and the fixed fire grate 15 may be defined as a fire grate with a protrusion.
  • fire grates with the protrusion 16P are provided is not limited to the above-mentioned range, and for example, fire grates with the protrusion 16P may be used for all the fire grates of the drying stage 11.
  • all the fire grates (the fixed fire grate and the movable fire grate) in the drying stage may be the normal fire grate.
  • some of the movable fire grates 16 of the combustion stage 12 are the fire grates with the protrusion 16P.
  • the movable fire grate 16 in the range R2 of 50% to 80% from the downstream side in the conveying direction is the fire grate with the protrusion 16P.
  • Other movable fire grates 16 of the combustion stage 12 are the normal fire grates.
  • both the movable fire grate 16 and the fixed fire grate 15 may be defined as the fire grate with the protrusion, depending on the properties and types of the incineration object B, and all the fire grates (the fixed fire grate and the movable fire grate) may be defined as the normal fire grate.
  • both the movable fire grate 16 and the fixed fire grate 15 are shown as the normal fire grates in Fig. 2 , but as with the drying stage 11 and the combustion stage 12, the fire grate with the protrusion may be adopted.
  • the drying stage 11, the combustion stage 12, and the post-combustion stage 13 are inclined so that their main surfaces face a main combustion section M.
  • the main combustion section M is a part which is generated near the lower end of the rectangular tubular furnace wall 33 (in other words, near the end portion 31b of the front arch 31 and the end portion 32a of the rear arch 32), near the center line C of the furnace wall 33 and above the incineration object B, due to the combustion of the incineration object B.
  • Radiant heat H from the flame of the main combustion section M is emitted radially around the main combustion section M.
  • the drying stage 11 of the stoker 5 of the present embodiment is disposed downward. That is, an installation surface 11a of the drying stage 11 is inclined so that the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction is lowered down.
  • a stoker inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the drying stage 11 which is an angle between a horizontal plane centered on the end portion 11b on the upstream side of the drying stage 11 and the conveying direction side of the installation surface 11a, is an angle between -15° (minus 15°) and -25° (minus 25°).
  • the main surface (the installation surface 11a) of the drying stage 11 faces the main combustion section M and efficiently receives the radiant heat H.
  • the combustion stage 12 of the stoker 5 of the present embodiment is disposed upward. That is, the installation surface 12a of the combustion stage 12 is inclined so that the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction becomes higher.
  • a stoker inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the combustion stage 12 which is an angle between the horizontal plane centered on the upstream end portion 12b of the combustion stage 12 and the conveying direction side of the installation surface 12a, is an angle between +5° (plus 5°) and +15° (plus 15°), preferably an angle between +8° (plus 5°) and +12° (plus 15°).
  • the main surface (the installation surface 12a) of the combustion stage 12 faces the main combustion section M and efficiently receives the radiant heat H.
  • the post-combustion stage 13 of the stoker 5 of the present embodiment is disposed upward. That is, the installation surface 13a of the post-combustion stage 13 is inclined so that the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction becomes higher.
  • a stoker inclination angle ⁇ 3 of the post-combustion stage 13, which is an angle between the horizontal plane centered on the upstream end portion 13b of the post-combustion stage 13 and the conveying direction side of the installation surface 13a, is the same as the stoker angle ⁇ 2 of the combustion stage 12.
  • the stoker inclination angle ⁇ 3 of the post-combustion stage 13, which is the angle between the horizontal plane centered on the upstream end portion 13b of the post-combustion stage 13 and the conveying direction side of the installation surface 13a is an angle between +5° (plus 5°) and +15° (plus 15°), preferably an angle between +8° (plus 8°) and +12° (plus 12°).
  • the main surface (the installation surface 13a) of the post-combustion stage 13 faces the main combustion section M and efficiently receives the radiant heat H.
  • a step (a drop wall) 27 is formed between the drying stage 11 and the combustion stage 12.
  • the end portion 11c of the drying stage 11 on the downstream side in the conveying direction is formed to be higher in the vertical direction than the end portion 12b of the combustion stage 12 on the upstream side in the conveying direction.
  • combustion stage 12 and the post-combustion stage 13 are continuously connected to each other.
  • the combustion stage 12 and the post-combustion stage 13 are formed such that the end portion 12c of the combustion stage 12 on the downstream side in the conveying direction and the end portion 13b of the post-combustion stage 13 on the upstream side in the conveying direction are located at the same height.
  • the end portion 13c of the post-combustion stage 13 is disposed to be higher in the vertical direction than the end portion 12c of the combustion stage 12.
  • the function of the drying stage 11 is to efficiently dry the moisture in the incineration object B by the radiant heat H from the main combustion section M above the incineration object B and the sensible heat of the primary air from the lower part of the fire grate.
  • the radiation heat H from the flame of the main combustion section M has a higher contribution to the drying than the sensible heat of the primary air, and the drying of the upper layer portion of the incineration object B easily proceeds.
  • the drying speed is improved by moving the lower layer portion of the incineration object B upward by a stirring operation of the fire grate and by replacing the lower layer portion with the upper layer portion.
  • an absolute value of the stoker inclination angle is larger than an angle of repose of the incineration object B, since the incineration object B collapses under its own weight and a layer of the incineration object B is not formed, the stoker 5 does not work properly.
  • the absolute value of the stoker inclination angle is smaller than the angle of repose of the incineration object B, the stoker 5 does work properly, but the movement of the incineration object B due to gravity (movement due to its own weight) decreases. Further, when the installation surface is directed upward, that is, when the stoker inclination angle is inclined at a positive value (plus value), the gravity acts in a direction of pushing back the incineration object B from the conveying direction.
  • the optimum stoker inclination angle differs depending on the amount of incineration object B to be charged and the moisture content of the incineration object B.
  • the description will be provided on the assumption that a case in which the amount of the incineration object B to be charged is high and the moisture content is high (the amount of moisture is large) is a case in which the load of the charged incineration object is large.
  • a case in which the amount of incineration object B to be charged is small and the moisture content is low is assumed to be a case in which the load of the charged incineration target is small.
  • Fig. 4 shows a graph in which a horizontal axis represents a stoker inclination angle of the drying stage 11, a vertical axis represents a required stoker length of the drying stage 11, and in order from a case (1) in which the load of the charged incineration object is the largest to a case (4) in which the load of the charged incineration object is the smallest, a relationship between the stoker inclination angle of the drying stage 11 and the required stoker length of the drying stage 11 is plotted.
  • the required stoker length is a distance at which 95% of the moisture of the charged incineration object B is dried.
  • "Angle of repose” on the horizontal axis represents the angle of repose of the incineration object B.
  • the stoker inclination angle of -30° is a limit for forming the layer of the incineration object B.
  • the required stoker length decreases as the stoker inclination angle gets loose.
  • the required stoker length gradually becomes longer. This is because when the stoker inclination angle becomes a positive value, the installation surface is directed upward and the conveying speed becomes slower, and as a result, the layer of the incineration object B becomes thick and drying of the incineration object B of the lower layer is hard to proceed.
  • the stoker inclination angle of the optimum drying stage 11 at which the incineration object B can be properly processed and the stoker length can be set to be shortest has an appropriate range of an angle between -15° (minus 15°) and -25° (minus 25°) corresponding to the stoker length in the vicinity of the lowest point of the curve of the case (1). Further, the optimum value is -20° (minus 20°).
  • the function of the combustion stage 12 is to maintain the temperature of the layer of the incineration object B by radiant heat H from the flame of the main combustion section M and self-combustion heat, and perform generation acceleration of the combustible gas by thermal decomposition of the volatile matter, and combustion of the fixed carbon that is left after thermal decomposition.
  • the required stoker length of the combustion stage 12 is determined by the time required for combustion of the fixed carbon.
  • Fig. 5 shows a graph in which, in a case in which the stoker inclination angle of the drying stage 11 is set in the appropriate range as described above, a horizontal axis represents the stoker inclination angle of the combustion stage, a vertical axis represents the required stoker length of the combustion stage, and in order from the case (1) in which load of the charged incineration object is the largest to the case (4) in which load of the charged incineration object is the smallest, a relationship between the stoker inclination angle of the combustion stage and the required stoker length of the combustion stage is plotted.
  • the required stoker length of the combustion stage is the distance at which 95% of the combustible content volatilizes or combusts.
  • the stoker inclination angle of -30° is the limit of forming the layer of the incineration object B.
  • the required stoker length decreases as the angle becomes loose.
  • the appropriate range of the stoker inclination angle can be set to the range surrounded by the one-dot chain line shown in Fig. 5 .
  • Fig. 6 is a graph in which a horizontal axis represents the stoker inclination angle of the combustion stage 12, a vertical axis represents the stoker length required for both the drying stage 11 and the combustion stage 12, and in order from the case (1) in which the load of the incineration object B to be charged is the largest to the case (4) in which the load of the incineration object B to be charged is the smallest, a relationship between the stoker inclination angle of the combustion stage 12 and the stoker length required for both the drying stage 11 and the combustion stage 12 is plotted.
  • the stoker inclination angle of the drying stage 11 is set to an optimum value of -20° (minus 20°).
  • the appropriate range of the stoker inclination angle of the combustion stage 12 is an angle between +5° (plus 5°) and +15° (plus 15°), more specifically, an angle between +8° (plus 8°) and +12° (plus 12°). Further, in the case in which the stoker inclination angle of the drying stage 11 is the optimum value of -20° (minus 20°), the optimum value of the stoker inclination angle of the combustion stage 12 is +10° (+10°).
  • the required stoker lengths of the drying stage 11 and the combustion stage 12 can be made as short as possible by setting the respective stoker inclination angles to appropriate ranges, particularly optimum values, even if the post-combustion stage 13 is included, it is possible to provide a stoker furnace of a relatively small size and low cost.
  • the incineration object B can be incinerated effectively.
  • drying stage 11 since the drying stage 11 is inclined downward, it is possible to convey the incineration object B of any property to the combustion stage 12 without any delay, and since the combustion stage 12 and the post-combustion stage 13 are inclined upward, the incineration object B is combusted and conveyed sufficiently without easily sliding down or rolling down to the downstream side of the combustion stage 12.
  • the incineration object B rolling down the drying stage 11 has a strong momentum and passes through the combustion stage 12 with its momentum, since the end portion 13C of the post-combustion stage 13 on the downstream side in the conveying direction is located to be higher in the vertical direction than the end portion 12C of the combustion stage 12 on the downstream side in the conveying direction, the incineration object B stops at least in the post-combustion stage 13 and is not discharged from the post-combustion stage 13.
  • the post-combustion stage 13 and the combustion stage 12 are continuously connected to each other without a step, even if the incineration object B which is not sufficiently combusted advances by rolling or the like up to the post-combustion stage 13, the incineration object B returns to the combustion stage 12 by its own weight, and combustion can be performed. That is, it is possible to minimize the discharge of incompletely combusted incineration object B as much as possible.
  • a step (drop wall) 28 is formed between the combustion stage 12 and the post-combustion stage 13 of the stoker 5 of the present embodiment.
  • the end portion 12c of the combustion stage 12 on the downstream side in the conveying direction and the end portion 13c of the post-combustion stage 13 on the downstream side in the conveying direction are at the same position in the vertical direction, or the end portion 13c of the post- combustion stage 13 is disposed above the end portion 12c of the combustion stage 12 in the vertical direction.
  • the stoker furnace 1 of the present embodiment is an example in which an end portion 12c of the combustion stage 12 on the downstream side in the conveying direction and an end portion 13c of the post-combustion stage 13 on the downstream side in the conveying direction are set at the same position in the vertical direction.
  • the distal ends of the fire grates 15, 16 are disposed to face the downstream side D1 in the conveying direction.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the distal ends of the fire grates 15, 16 of the drying stage 11 may be disposed to face the upstream side in the conveying direction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
EP18931298.6A 2018-08-30 2018-10-26 Four à chargeur Active EP3845805B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2018161818A JP6484874B1 (ja) 2018-08-30 2018-08-30 ストーカ炉
PCT/JP2018/039873 WO2020044578A1 (fr) 2018-08-30 2018-10-26 Four à chargeur

Publications (3)

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EP3845805A1 true EP3845805A1 (fr) 2021-07-07
EP3845805A4 EP3845805A4 (fr) 2022-08-17
EP3845805B1 EP3845805B1 (fr) 2024-07-10

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KR (1) KR102318471B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111133252A (fr)
BR (1) BR112020007994B1 (fr)
PH (1) PH12020550233A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2751531C1 (fr)
SG (1) SG11202003072YA (fr)
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CN111853794A (zh) * 2020-07-28 2020-10-30 广州市顺创科技有限公司 一种生活垃圾固体废物处理用焚烧装置

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CH567230A5 (fr) * 1973-10-08 1975-09-30 Kuenstler Hans
JPS6019943B2 (ja) 1980-06-25 1985-05-18 大日本塗料株式会社 防食被覆組成物
JPS57127129A (en) 1981-01-30 1982-08-07 Atsugi Motor Parts Co Ltd Fluid coupler
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JP6393822B1 (ja) * 2017-12-28 2018-09-19 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 ストーカ炉用シール装置及びストーカ炉

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RU2751531C1 (ru) 2021-07-14
TW202012847A (zh) 2020-04-01
SG11202003072YA (en) 2020-05-28
TWI706112B (zh) 2020-10-01
BR112020007994B1 (pt) 2020-12-01
EP3845805A4 (fr) 2022-08-17
JP6484874B1 (ja) 2019-03-20
EP3845805B1 (fr) 2024-07-10
BR112020007994A2 (pt) 2020-06-23
JP2020034233A (ja) 2020-03-05
WO2020044578A1 (fr) 2020-03-05
PH12020550233A1 (en) 2021-02-08
KR102318471B1 (ko) 2021-10-27
KR20210040160A (ko) 2021-04-12
CN111133252A (zh) 2020-05-08

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