EP3839988B1 - Adjusting device - Google Patents

Adjusting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3839988B1
EP3839988B1 EP20205806.1A EP20205806A EP3839988B1 EP 3839988 B1 EP3839988 B1 EP 3839988B1 EP 20205806 A EP20205806 A EP 20205806A EP 3839988 B1 EP3839988 B1 EP 3839988B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
positioning device
permanent magnet
arrangement
coil
coil arrangement
Prior art date
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Application number
EP20205806.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3839988A1 (en
Inventor
Franci Lahajnar
Andrej Likar
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Kolektor Mobility d o o
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Kolektor Group doo
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Publication of EP3839988A1 publication Critical patent/EP3839988A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L2013/10Auxiliary actuators for variable valve timing
    • F01L2013/101Electromagnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/086Structural details of the armature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692Electromagnets or actuators with two coils

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an actuating device with a housing and at least one electromagnetic linear actuator, which comprises an armature unit which can be moved relative to the housing and comprises a permanent magnet arrangement and a tappet coupled thereto, and a coil arrangement which is fixed to the housing and has at least one coil winding and extends around the permanent magnet arrangement, wherein the permanent magnet arrangement has an axially magnetized disc magnet and two flux guide pieces arranged on the end faces of the disc magnet.
  • Adjusting devices of the type mentioned above are known in various configurations. Reference is made, for example, to US 2014/0028420 A1 , but especially on the WO 2018/149694 A1 and the WO 2019/007675 A1 . Such adjusting devices are used, among other things, in the field of motor vehicle technology.
  • the DE 10 2011 009 327 A1 discloses an adjusting device according to the preamble of claim 1. It is based on the fact that the interior of a guide cylinder - forming a magnetic shunt - in which the permanent magnet arrangement of the anchor unit of the electromagnetic linear actuator can be moved, is enlarged in a length range such that for the Magnetic flux is formed a shunt air gap.
  • An embodiment is also disclosed in which one (oval) coil arrangement has two coils next to one another arranged armature units surrounds, the respective permanent magnet arrangement is movable in a corresponding guide cylinder.
  • Switching devices of the type specified which not only meet the usual, widely existing requirements to a large extent, but are also characterized by a comparatively high switching dynamics; because the fluid compensation channels incorporated in the permanent magnet arrangement allow a compensation movement of the fluid located in the space accommodating the permanent magnet arrangement in the opposite direction to the movement of the armature unit with comparatively little friction and therefore only a small damping effect, which is why comparatively short switching times can also be achieved with relatively compact coil arrangements.
  • the search for even better adjusting devices of the type specified at the outset that are even more attractive in practice--particularly in terms of manufacturing costs--continues unabated.
  • the disc magnet has a circular-cylindrical outer surface and the flux guide pieces are designed as round flux guide discs, and the coil arrangement also has at least part of its axial extent, namely at least in the area of its axial overlap the permanent magnet arrangement has a non-circular cross-section such that its inner surface has a gap with a first clear radial dimension on at least two first circumferential sections to the outer surface of the permanent magnet arrangement and on at least two bulged second circumferential sections, which are each assigned to a bulge of the coil winding, to the outer surface of the permanent magnet arrangement maintains a second radial clearance which is larger than the first radial clearance, the maximum value of the second radial clearance being substantially greater than the first radial clearance; In the region of the at least two second peripheral sections, there is a compensation channel with
  • the maximum value of the second clear radial dimension is at least three times the value of the first clear radial dimension.
  • the maximum value of the second clear radial dimension is even at least 5 times the value of the first clear radial dimension.
  • An adjusting device according to the invention which, in the implementation of the present invention, has a compensating channel for the fluid in the space accommodating the permanent magnet arrangement in the area of the at least one second circumferential section between the permanent magnet arrangement and the coil arrangement, can be produced at significantly lower costs than the functionally similar adjusting devices after WO 2018/149694 A1 and the WO 2019/007675 A1 .
  • the manufacture of the permanent magnet arrangement which has compensating channels on its surface—is comparatively complex, not only because the disc magnet and the two flux guide pieces on the respective scope corresponding recesses are to be introduced, but also because of the effort associated with the assembly of the permanent magnet arrangement with the mutually aligned alignment of the relevant recesses to one another. All this effort is superfluous in the case of the present invention, and without any significant additional effort for the production of the (at least internally) non-round coil arrangement; because the additional costs for the winding wire, which may be slightly longer than in the prior art due to the at least one bulge, are hardly significant.
  • winding wire can even be saved in the implementation of the present invention; because as a result of their outstanding efficiency, actuating devices according to the present invention often manage with a weaker dimensioned coil arrangement than actuating devices according to the prior art with similar performance data.
  • highly efficient adjusting devices can even be achieved with comparatively simple coils wound in only one winding direction, which—compared to the prior art presented—also has a cost-reducing effect and also enables very compact designs.
  • the advantages of the present invention come into play particularly in those applications in which there is not only air (or a gas) reliably in the space accommodating the permanent magnet arrangement, for example because oil or another liquid (carried over the tappet) has penetrated cannot be ruled out or even intended. This is because when the present invention is used, it is even possible to achieve compensating channels with a larger total cross-section than in the prior art without adverse effects on the magnetic situation.
  • first and three second peripheral sections there are at least three first and three second peripheral sections.
  • the second peripheral sections are preferably distributed uniformly over the inner circumference of the coil arrangement. In the sense already mentioned above, this supports a particularly uniform distribution of the magnetic flux within the linear actuator system and thus the performance.
  • the coil arrangement has a winding carrier (preferably made of plastic) with a sleeve section and two end-side support disks.
  • the sleeve section specifies - in the relevant area (see above) - the non-round inner contour of the coil arrangement or the non-round geometry of the coil winding. It is exclusively convexly curved, at least in the relevant area with locally different radii of curvature, possibly up to partially flat
  • the sleeve section is stepped in such a way that a partial area—which is offset axially with respect to the permanent magnet arrangement and does not overlap axially with it—overlaps the permanent magnet arrangement radially in a ring shape.
  • the sleeve section can definitely have a round cross-section on the inside.
  • the sleeve section also has a non-circular outer surface there, which can be achieved by having different wall thicknesses over the circumference.
  • the sleeve section of the winding carrier - in the at least one second peripheral section of the coil arrangement - has locally flat surface sections (see above), it can be advantageous if, analogously, at least the adjacent Support disc is limited on its outer circumference in a straight line on at least two sections.
  • the coil arrangement is accommodated in a cage.
  • the cage - which acts as a flux concentrator - consists of a magnetically highly permeable material (e.g. soft iron). It preferably comprises an end plate that covers the coil arrangement at the front and a casing structure that at least partially surrounds the coil arrangement on its outer circumference. It is particularly favorable, both with regard to a good magnetic flux and with regard to the production costs, if the end plate and the jacket structure are connected to one another in one piece and are produced by bending from a sheet metal blank.
  • the jacket structure has at least one flat surface section; for this may be connected to the faceplate (at a straight edge thereof) along a flexure of a length which accounts for an appreciable proportion (at least 10%, preferably at least 15%) of the perimeter of the shell structure.
  • the magnetic flow within the cage benefits from this.
  • Another advantageous embodiment is characterized in that a core which is coupled to the cage in a magnetic flux-conducting manner protrudes into the coil arrangement and also acts as a flux concentrator and for this purpose consists of a magnetically highly permeable material (eg soft iron).
  • the outer contour of the core is ideally adapted to the inner contour of the coil arrangement, namely a winding support that may be provided.
  • the core (which is designed approximately in the shape of a mushroom) preferably has a shoulder that corresponds to the step of the winding carrier.
  • the actuating device in a preferred development of the invention, has two electromagnetic linear actuators, a common cage structure with a continuous end plate covering both coil arrangements at the front is advantageously provided for these.
  • the statics in particular benefit from such a continuous common end plate, which means that a housing structure is less stressed and therefore has to be designed with less thick walls than in the case of two separate cages. It is also advantageous for the statics, regardless of the number of linear actuators, if the housing structure surrounding the coil arrangement of the at least one linear actuator is injection molded onto the cage (or cages), so that a composite structure is created in which both parts stiffen each other.
  • the two flux guide disks have different axial dimensions, specifically such that the flux guide disk located on the end face of the permanent magnet arrangement facing away from the ram is less thick than the other flux guide disk.
  • the disc magnet is designed as a ring disc magnet and at least one of the flux guide discs is designed as a flux guide ring disc, with the armature unit comprising a shaft that is coupled to the plunger and extends into the relevant flux guide ring disc and the ring disc magnet.
  • the shaft is preferably made of stainless steel or a material with a comparably low magnetic permeability.
  • the shank can be in one piece with the ram and merge into it.
  • the ram consists of a material with a higher degree of hardness than high-grade steel, for example high-strength steel.
  • the ram can be completely or partially provided with a suitable hard coating (e.g.
  • the shank and the ram are not areas of a one-piece component, the coupling of the shank to the ram can be implemented in particular in the form of a rigid connection.
  • a connection by means of laser welding or friction welding is particularly suitable.
  • the housing comprises an end piece designed as a mounting and guide block, with the anchor unit being movably guided in the mounting and guide block exclusively, namely via the plunger. So are lowest possible To realize friction losses, which in turn is favorable for a high material dynamics.
  • the illustrated first exemplary embodiment of an actuating device comprises a housing 1 and two electromagnetic linear actuators 2.
  • Each of the two linear actuators 2 comprises a coil arrangement 4 fixed to the housing and accommodated in a cage 3 acting as a flux concentrator, with a coil winding 6 accommodated on a winding support 5 and a coil winding 6 between two end positions - Anchor unit 7 that can be moved along the axis X relative to the housing 1.
  • This in turn comprises a plunger 8 and a permanent magnet arrangement 9 coupled to it, with an axially magnetized disc magnet 10 and two flux-conducting pieces 11 and 12 arranged on both sides on the face side of this.
  • the permanent magnet arrangement 9 is firmly connected to the plunger 8 (made of high-strength steel).
  • a shaft 13 (made of stainless steel) is welded to the plunger 8 and the permanent magnet arrangement 9 is accommodated on this shaft.
  • the disc magnet 10 is designed as a ring disc magnet 14 and the two flux guide pieces 11, 12 are designed as flux guide ring discs 15.
  • the annular disk magnet 14 has a circular-cylindrical outer surface, and the flux-guiding annular disks 15 have a round circumference. Due to the mobility of the armature unit 7 along the axis X, the permanent magnet assembly 9 can more or less far into the immerse around the permanent magnet arrangement 9 extending coil arrangement 4.
  • the free end of the shaft 13 protrudes slightly beyond the adjacent flux guide piece 11, which incidentally has a smaller thickness than the opposite flux guide piece 12.
  • the housing 1 is composed of an end piece 18 designed as a mounting and guide block 16 and equipped with a flange structure 17 and a housing upper part 19 placed sealingly on the flange structure 17 .
  • the mounting and guide block 16 has two through bores 20 . These each form a guide bore 21 for the plunger 8 of the associated linear actuator 2, the displaceably guided mounting of the respective anchor unit 7 being realized solely by guiding the respective plunger 8 in the associated guide bore 21 of the mounting and guide block 16.
  • the upper housing part 19 is molded onto the assembly consisting of the two coil arrangements 4 and the associated cages 3 , with a connection structure—not shown—which serves to contact the coil windings 6 forming an integral part of the upper housing part 19 .
  • the two cages 3 are part of a common cage structure 22 in that they have a common end plate 23 from which the respective jacket structure (see below) extends, at least partially surrounding the relevant coil arrangement 4 on its outer circumference.
  • the winding carrier 5 (made of plastic) has a sleeve section 24 and two support disks 25 at the ends.
  • the sleeve portion 24 is in the Stepped meaning that it has a constriction 26 outside of the axial overlap with the permanent magnet arrangement 9 .
  • the part of the coil winding 6 accommodated in the area of the constriction 26 of the sleeve section 24 overlaps the permanent magnet arrangement 9 in the radial direction Cage 3 connected mushroom-shaped core 28 closely encloses.
  • the core 28 forms a stop for the free end of the shaft 13 protruding slightly from the permanent magnet arrangement 9 and thus defines the - in 1 Shown on the left - maximum retracted position of the plunger 8 without contact between the end-side flux guide 11 and the core 28.
  • the - in 1 In contrast, the maximum extended position of the plunger 8 shown on the right is defined by the other flux guide piece 12 striking the end face of the assembly and guide block 16 .
  • the sleeve section 24 defines a non-round inner contour of the coil arrangement 4 and, since it is of at least substantially uniform wall thickness in this area, also a non-round geometry of the coil winding 6 wound onto it.
  • the sleeve section 24 has two diametrically opposite first peripheral sections 29, each extending over approximately 90°, which are configured as segments of a circular cylinder, and two second peripheral sections 30 arranged between them, also diametrically opposite one another, in the form of Bulges 31.
  • the bulges 31 are each defined by two essentially flat surface sections 32, which merge into the first peripheral sections 29 without any jumps or offsets, and a connecting surface 33, which is approximately in the shape of a quarter cylinder and, for its part, has no jumps or offsets on either side the adjacent planar surface sections 32 merges.
  • the sleeve section 24 is (also) exclusively convexly curved in this area.
  • the coil arrangement 4 maintains distinctly different distances from the permanent magnet arrangement 9 over its circumference. Specifically, its inner surface forms a gap 34 with a first clear radial dimension on the two first peripheral sections 29 to the outer surface of the permanent magnet arrangement 9, whereas it forms a bulge 31 on each of the two second peripheral sections 30, the maximum value of the - in the area of the Bulges 31 applicable - second clear radial dimension is significantly larger than the first clear radial dimension.
  • there are two compensating channels 35 with an approximately crescent-shaped cross section.
  • the entire cage structure 22 is formed from a single sheet metal blank by bending.
  • this includes four likewise approximately rectangular ones, each connected to the end plate 23 via a web 36 appendages. These are bent and--along the bending edges running in the region of the webs 36--bevelled off the end plate 23 in such a way that they closely enclose the coil arrangement 4 as part of the respective casing structure 37.
  • the jacket structure 37 of the relevant cage 3 consists of two segments 38, each segment 38 having emerged from an extension of the sheet metal blank and having two essentially flat surface areas 39 and a curved surface area 40 connecting them to one another.
  • the two support disks 25 of the respective winding support 5 have geometries adapted to the inner contour of the casing structure 37; analogously to the four essentially flat surface areas 32 of the sleeve section 24 of the respective winding support 5 and the four essentially flat surface areas 39 of the jacket structure 37, the two support disks 25 of the winding support 5 are limited to four straight sections on their outer circumference.
  • the drawing shows some further, optionally possible, advantageous detailed configurations, such as the two centering projections 42 provided on the upper supporting disk 25 facing the end plate 23 of the cage structure 22 and engaging in corresponding recesses 41 in the end plate 23 (cf. Figures 2 and 3 ).
  • the recesses 41 in question in the end plate 23 are designed in such a way that the ends 43 of the coil winding 6 can also be passed through the end plate 23, with the adjacent support disk 25 having corresponding incisions 46 that serve to guide the ends 43 of the coil winding 6 through having.
  • the illustrated third exemplary embodiment is readily apparent from the above explanations of the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the second exemplary embodiment has a compensating channel 35', while the third exemplary embodiment has three compensating channels 35", distributed evenly over the inner circumference of the coil arrangement 4".

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Stellvorrichtung mit einem Gehäuse und mindestens einem elektromagnetischen Linearaktuator, welcher eine relativ zu dem Gehäuse bewegbare, eine Permanentmagnetanordnung und einen hiermit gekoppelten Stößel umfassende Ankereinheit und eine sich um die Permanentmagnetanordnung herum erstreckende, mindestens eine Spulenwicklung aufweisende gehäusefeste Spulenanordnung umfasst, wobei die Permanentmagnetanordnung einen axial magnetisierten Scheibenmagnet und zwei stirnseitig an diesem angeordnete Flussleitstücke aufweist.The present invention relates to an actuating device with a housing and at least one electromagnetic linear actuator, which comprises an armature unit which can be moved relative to the housing and comprises a permanent magnet arrangement and a tappet coupled thereto, and a coil arrangement which is fixed to the housing and has at least one coil winding and extends around the permanent magnet arrangement, wherein the permanent magnet arrangement has an axially magnetized disc magnet and two flux guide pieces arranged on the end faces of the disc magnet.

Stellvorrichtungen der vorstehend genannten Art sind in verschiedenen Ausgestaltungen bekannt. Zu verweisen ist beispielsweise auf die US 2014/0028420 A1 , insbesondere aber auf die WO 2018/149694 A1 und die WO 2019/007675 A1 . Zum Einsatz kommen derartige Stellvorrichtungen unter anderem im Bereich der Kraftfahrzeugtechnik.Adjusting devices of the type mentioned above are known in various configurations. Reference is made, for example, to US 2014/0028420 A1 , but especially on the WO 2018/149694 A1 and the WO 2019/007675 A1 . Such adjusting devices are used, among other things, in the field of motor vehicle technology.

Die DE 10 2011 009 327 A1 offenbart eine Stellvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Sie stellt dabei darauf ab, dass der Innenraum eines - einen magnetischen Nebenschluss bildenden - Führungszylinders, in dem die Permanentmagnetanordnung der Ankereinheit des elektromagnetischen Linearaktuators bewegbar ist, in einem Längenbereich derart vergrößert ist, dass für den Magnetfluss ein Nebenschluss-Luftspalt gebildet ist. Offenbart ist dabei auch eine Ausführungsform, bei der eine (ovale) Spulenanordnung zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Ankereinheiten umgibt, deren jeweilige Permanentmagnetanordnung in einem entsprechenden Führungszylinder bewegbar ist.The DE 10 2011 009 327 A1 discloses an adjusting device according to the preamble of claim 1. It is based on the fact that the interior of a guide cylinder - forming a magnetic shunt - in which the permanent magnet arrangement of the anchor unit of the electromagnetic linear actuator can be moved, is enlarged in a length range such that for the Magnetic flux is formed a shunt air gap. An embodiment is also disclosed in which one (oval) coil arrangement has two coils next to one another arranged armature units surrounds, the respective permanent magnet arrangement is movable in a corresponding guide cylinder.

In typischen Anwendungsumgebungen werden an Stellvorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art diverse, teilweise miteinander im Konflikt stehende Anforderungen gestellt. Hierzu zählen namentlich hohe Stellkräfte, geringe Herstellungskosten, hohe Zuverlässigkeit, geringe Abmessungen und hohe energetische Effizienz. Für verschiedene Anwendungsfälle kommt zudem einer möglichst hohe Schaltdynamik große Bedeutung zu.In typical application environments, various, partially conflicting requirements are placed on adjusting devices of the type mentioned at the outset. These include, in particular, high actuating forces, low production costs, high reliability, small dimensions and high energy efficiency. The highest possible switching dynamics are also of great importance for various applications.

Zwar existieren, insbesondere in Form der Stellvorrichtungen nach der WO 2018/149694 A1 und der WO 2019/007675 A1 , Schaltvorrichtungen der eingangs angegebenen Art, welche nicht nur den üblichen, verbreitet bestehenden Anforderungen im hohen Maße genügen, sondern sich zudem durch eine vergleichsweise hohe Schaltdynamik auszeichnen; denn die in die Permanentmagnetanordnung eingearbeiteten Fluid-Ausgleichskanäle erlauben eine zur Bewegung der Ankereinheit gegenläufige Ausgleichsbewegung des in dem die Permanentmagnetanordnung aufnehmenden Raum befindlichen Fluids mit vergleichsweise geringer Reibung und mithin nur geringer Dämpfwirkung, weshalb sich auch mit relativ kompakten Spulenanordnungen vergleichsweise kurze Schaltzeiten realisieren lassen. Die Suche nach noch besseren, für die Praxis - insbesondere hinsichtlich der Herstellungskosten - noch attraktiveren Stellvorrichtungen der eingangs angegebenen Art hält indessen unvermindert an.Although there are, especially in the form of adjusting devices after WO 2018/149694 A1 and the WO 2019/007675 A1 , Switching devices of the type specified, which not only meet the usual, widely existing requirements to a large extent, but are also characterized by a comparatively high switching dynamics; because the fluid compensation channels incorporated in the permanent magnet arrangement allow a compensation movement of the fluid located in the space accommodating the permanent magnet arrangement in the opposite direction to the movement of the armature unit with comparatively little friction and therefore only a small damping effect, which is why comparatively short switching times can also be achieved with relatively compact coil arrangements. However, the search for even better adjusting devices of the type specified at the outset that are even more attractive in practice--particularly in terms of manufacturing costs--continues unabated.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabenstellung durch die in Anspruch 1 angegebene Stellvorrichtung.This problem is solved by the adjusting device specified in claim 1 .

Ausgehend vom Stand der Technik nach der WO 2018/149694 A1 und der WO 2019/007675 A1 weist, zur Lösung dieser Aufgabenstellung, bei einer Stellvorrichtung der eingangs angegebenen Art der Scheibenmagnet eine kreiszylindrische Außenfläche auf und sind die Flussleitstücke als runde Flussleitscheiben ausgeführt, und ferner weist die Spulenanordnung zumindest auf einem Teil ihrer axialen Erstreckung, nämlich zumindest im Bereich ihrer axialen Überlappung mit der Permanentmagnetanordnung einen unrunden Querschnitt auf dergestalt, dass ihre Innenfläche auf mindestens zwei ersten Umfangsabschnitten zu der Außenfläche der Permanentmagnetanordnung einen Spalt mit einem ersten lichten Radialmaß und auf mindestens zwei ausgebuchteten zweiten Umfangsabschnitten, welche jeweils einer Ausbuchtung der Spulenwicklung zugeordnet sind, zu der Außenfläche der Permanentmagnetanordnung ein gegenüber dem ersten lichten Radialmaß vergrößertes zweites lichtes Radialmaß einhält, wobei der Maximalwert des zweiten lichten Radialmaßes wesentlich größer ist als das erste lichte Radialmaß; im Bereich der mindestens zwei zweiten Umfangsabschnitte besteht zwischen der Permanentmagnetanordnung und der Spulenanordnung jeweils ein Ausgleichskanal mit einem sichelförmigen Querschnitt. Unter "wesentlich größer" ist dabei zu verstehen, dass der Maximalwert des zweiten lichten Radialmaßes mindestens den 3-fachen Wert des ersten lichten Radialmaßes beträgt. Bevorzugt beträgt der Maximalwert des zweiten lichten Radialmaßes sogar mindestens den 5-fachen Wert des ersten lichten Radialmaßes. Die Angabe, wonach die Spulenanordnung "zumindest auf einem Teil ihrer axialen Erstreckung" einen (näher spezifizierten) unrunden Querschnitt aufweist, bringt zum Ausdruck, dass die Spulenanordnung bzw. die Spulenwicklung in einem ggf. bestehenden Bereich ohne axiale Überlappung mit der Permanentmagnetanordnung durchaus einen runden Querschnitt aufweisen kann. Mit anderen Worten ist erfindungswesentlich, dass die Spulenanordnung räumlich jedenfalls insoweit, als eine axiale Überlappung mit der Permanentmagnetanordnung besteht, einen wie näher spezifiziert unrunden Querschnitt aufweist.Starting from the state of the art according to WO 2018/149694 A1 and the WO 2019/007675 A1 In order to solve this problem, in an actuating device of the type specified at the outset, the disc magnet has a circular-cylindrical outer surface and the flux guide pieces are designed as round flux guide discs, and the coil arrangement also has at least part of its axial extent, namely at least in the area of its axial overlap the permanent magnet arrangement has a non-circular cross-section such that its inner surface has a gap with a first clear radial dimension on at least two first circumferential sections to the outer surface of the permanent magnet arrangement and on at least two bulged second circumferential sections, which are each assigned to a bulge of the coil winding, to the outer surface of the permanent magnet arrangement maintains a second radial clearance which is larger than the first radial clearance, the maximum value of the second radial clearance being substantially greater than the first radial clearance; In the region of the at least two second peripheral sections, there is a compensation channel with a crescent-shaped cross section between the permanent magnet arrangement and the coil arrangement. “Much larger” is to be understood here as meaning that the maximum value of the second clear radial dimension is at least three times the value of the first clear radial dimension. Preferably, the maximum value of the second clear radial dimension is even at least 5 times the value of the first clear radial dimension. The indication after which the coil arrangement "at least over part of its axial extent" has a (specified in more detail) non-round cross-section expresses that the coil arrangement or the coil winding can certainly have a round cross-section in a possibly existing area without axial overlap with the permanent magnet arrangement. In other words, it is essential to the invention that the coil arrangement has a cross-section that is non-round, as specified in more detail, at least to the extent that there is an axial overlap with the permanent magnet arrangement.

In synergistischem Zusammenwirken miteinander wirken sich die in Kombination miteinander für die erfindungsgemäße Stellvorrichtung charakteristischen Merkmale in durchaus überraschender Weise in einer, im Vergleich zum vorstehend dargelegten Stand der Technik, nochmals erheblich verbesserten Praxistauglichkeit der Stellvorrichtung aus. Besonders zu Tage treten dabei Vorzüge hinsichtlich der Kosten-Leitungs-Relation. So lässt sich eine erfindungsgemäße Stellvorrichtung, welche in Umsetzung der vorliegenden Erfindung im Bereich des mindestens einen zweiten Umfangsabschnitts zwischen der Permanentmagnetanordnung und der Spulenanordnung einen Ausgleichskanal für das in dem die Permanentmagnetanordnung aufnehmenden Raum befindliche Fluid aufweist, zu deutlich geringeren Kosten herstellen als die funktional ähnlichen Stellvorrichtungen nach der WO 2018/149694 A1 und der WO 2019/007675 A1 . Denn bei letzteren ist die Herstellung der - auf ihrer Oberfläche Ausgleichskanälen aufweisenden - Permanentmagnetanordnung vergleichsweise aufwändig, nicht nur weil an dem Scheibenmagneten und den beiden Flussleitstücken am jeweiligen Umfang entsprechende Aussparungen einzubringen sind, sondern auch wegen des bei der Montage der Permanentmagnetanordnung mit dem zueinander fluchtenden Ausrichten der betreffenden Aussparungen zueinander verbundenen Aufwands. All dieser Aufwand erübrigt sich im Falle der vorliegenden Erfindung, und zwar ohne nennenswerten Mehraufwand für die Herstellung der (zumindest innen) unrunden Spulenanordnung; denn die Mehrkosten für den durch die mindestens eine Ausbuchtung ggf. gegenüber dem Stand der Technik geringfügig längeren Wicklungsdraht fallen kaum ins Gewicht. Typischerweise lässt sich in Umsetzung der vorliegenden Erfindung sogar auch noch Wicklungsdraht sparen; denn infolge ihrer hervorragenden Effizienz kommen Stellvorrichtungen nach der vorliegenden Erfindung vielfach mit einer schwächer dimensionierten Spulenanordnung aus als Stellvorrichtungen nach dem Stand der Technik mit ähnlichen Leistungsdaten.In synergistic interaction with one another, the features that are characteristic of the actuating device according to the invention in combination with one another have a surprising effect in a considerably improved practicality of the actuating device compared to the prior art presented above. Advantages in terms of the cost-performance ratio are particularly evident. An adjusting device according to the invention, which, in the implementation of the present invention, has a compensating channel for the fluid in the space accommodating the permanent magnet arrangement in the area of the at least one second circumferential section between the permanent magnet arrangement and the coil arrangement, can be produced at significantly lower costs than the functionally similar adjusting devices after WO 2018/149694 A1 and the WO 2019/007675 A1 . Because in the case of the latter, the manufacture of the permanent magnet arrangement—which has compensating channels on its surface—is comparatively complex, not only because the disc magnet and the two flux guide pieces on the respective scope corresponding recesses are to be introduced, but also because of the effort associated with the assembly of the permanent magnet arrangement with the mutually aligned alignment of the relevant recesses to one another. All this effort is superfluous in the case of the present invention, and without any significant additional effort for the production of the (at least internally) non-round coil arrangement; because the additional costs for the winding wire, which may be slightly longer than in the prior art due to the at least one bulge, are hardly significant. Typically, winding wire can even be saved in the implementation of the present invention; because as a result of their outstanding efficiency, actuating devices according to the present invention often manage with a weaker dimensioned coil arrangement than actuating devices according to the prior art with similar performance data.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Platzierung und Ausführung der - einen sichelförmigen Querschnitt aufweisenden - Ausgleichskanäle ergibt sich zudem eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserte, gleichmäßigere Verteilung des Magnetflusses innerhalb des Linearaktuator-Systems, was sich positiv auf das Leistungsvermögen auswirkt. So lassen sich hocheffiziente Stellvorrichtungen sogar mit vergleichsweise einfachen, in lediglich einer Wicklungsrichtung gewickelten Spulen erreichen, was sich ebenfalls - im Vergleich mit dem dargelegten Stand der Technik - kostenmindernd auswirkt und zudem sehr kompakte Bauweisen ermöglicht.The inventive placement and design of the compensating channels—having a crescent-shaped cross section—also results in an improved, more uniform distribution of the magnetic flux within the linear actuator system compared to the prior art, which has a positive effect on the performance. In this way, highly efficient adjusting devices can even be achieved with comparatively simple coils wound in only one winding direction, which—compared to the prior art presented—also has a cost-reducing effect and also enables very compact designs.

Die Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung kommen insbesondere in solchen Anwendungen zum Tragen, bei denen sich in dem die Permanentmagnetanordnung aufnehmenden Raum nicht zuverlässig nur Luft (bzw. ein Gas) befindet, weil beispielsweise ein Eindringen von (über den Stößel verschlepptem) Öl oder einer anderweitigen Flüssigkeit nicht ausgeschlossen werden kann oder gar beabsichtigt ist. Denn in Anwendung der vorliegenden Erfindung lassen sich ohne nachteilige Auswirkungen auf die magnetische Situation sogar Ausgleichskanäle mit einem größeren Gesamtquerschnitt erreichen als nach dem Stand der Technik.The advantages of the present invention come into play particularly in those applications in which there is not only air (or a gas) reliably in the space accommodating the permanent magnet arrangement, for example because oil or another liquid (carried over the tappet) has penetrated cannot be ruled out or even intended. This is because when the present invention is used, it is even possible to achieve compensating channels with a larger total cross-section than in the prior art without adverse effects on the magnetic situation.

In bevorzugter Weiterbildung der Erfindung bestehen mindestens drei erste und drei zweite Umfangsabschnitte. Im Übrigen sind die zweiten Umfangsabschnitte vorzugsweise gleichmäßig über den Innenumfang der Spulenanordnung verteilt angeordnet. Dies kommt in dem vorstehend bereits angesprochenen Sinne einer besonders gleichmäßigen Verteilung des Magnetflusses innerhalb des Linearaktuator-Systems und somit der Leistungsfähigkeit entgegen.In a preferred development of the invention, there are at least three first and three second peripheral sections. In addition, the second peripheral sections are preferably distributed uniformly over the inner circumference of the coil arrangement. In the sense already mentioned above, this supports a particularly uniform distribution of the magnetic flux within the linear actuator system and thus the performance.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist die Spulenanordnung einen (vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff bestehenden) Wicklungsträger mit einem Hülsenabschnitt und zwei endseitigen Stützscheiben auf. Der Hülsenabschnitt gibt dabei - in dem relevanten Bereich (s. o.) - die unrunde innere Kontur der Spulenanordnung bzw. die unrunde Geometrie der Spulenwicklung vor. Er ist ausschließlich konvex gekrümmt, zumindest in dem relevanten Bereich mit lokal unterschiedlichen Krümmungsradien ggf. bis hin zu teilweise ebenenAccording to a preferred development of the invention, the coil arrangement has a winding carrier (preferably made of plastic) with a sleeve section and two end-side support disks. The sleeve section specifies - in the relevant area (see above) - the non-round inner contour of the coil arrangement or the non-round geometry of the coil winding. It is exclusively convexly curved, at least in the relevant area with locally different radii of curvature, possibly up to partially flat

Flächenabschnitten, und weist somit keine Einbuchtungen auf. So liegt die Spulenwicklung überall unterbrechungsfrei über den gesamten Umfang des Hülsenabschnitts an dem Wicklungsträger an. In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist der Hülsenabschnitt dergestalt gestuft ausgeführt, dass ein - axial zu der Permanentmagnetanordnung versetzter, diese nicht axial überlappender - Teilbereich die Permanentmagnetanordnung ringförmig radial überlappt. In diesem eingeschnürten Teilbereich kann der Hülsenabschnitt innen durchaus einen runden Querschnitt aufweisen. Wicklungstechnisch ist allerdings von Vorteil, wenn der Hülsenabschnitt auch dort eine unrunde Außenfläche aufweist, was sich durch über den Umfang unterschiedliche Wandstärken realisieren lässt. Insbesondere dann, wenn der Hülsenabschnitt des Wicklungsträgers - in dem mindestens einen zweiten Umfangsabschnitt der Spulenanordnung - örtlich ebene Flächenabschnitte aufweist (s. o.), kann von Vorteil sein, wenn hierzu analog zumindest die angrenzende Stützscheibe an ihrem Außenumfang auf mindestens zwei Abschnitten geradlinig begrenzt ist.Surface sections, and thus has no indentations. The coil winding is thus in contact with the winding carrier everywhere, without interruption, over the entire circumference of the sleeve section. In a preferred embodiment, the sleeve section is stepped in such a way that a partial area—which is offset axially with respect to the permanent magnet arrangement and does not overlap axially with it—overlaps the permanent magnet arrangement radially in a ring shape. In this constricted partial area, the sleeve section can definitely have a round cross-section on the inside. In terms of winding, however, it is advantageous if the sleeve section also has a non-circular outer surface there, which can be achieved by having different wall thicknesses over the circumference. In particular when the sleeve section of the winding carrier - in the at least one second peripheral section of the coil arrangement - has locally flat surface sections (see above), it can be advantageous if, analogously, at least the adjacent Support disc is limited on its outer circumference in a straight line on at least two sections.

Gemäß einer wiederum anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die Spulenanordnung in einem Käfig aufgenommen. Der - als Flusskonzentrator wirkende - Käfig besteht aus einem magnetisch hochpermeablen Material (z. B. Weicheisen). Bevorzugt umfasst er eine die Spulenanordnung stirnseig abdeckende Stirnplatte und eine die Spulenanordnung auf ihrem Außenumfang zumindest teilweise umgebende Mantelstruktur. Besonders günstig ist dabei, und zwar sowohl im Hinblick auf einen guten magnetischen Fluss als auch im Hinblick auf die Herstellungskosten, wenn die Stirnplatte und die Mantelstruktur einstückig miteinander verbunden und durch Biegen aus einem Blechzuschnitt hervorgegangen sind. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei, wenn die Mantelstruktur mindestens einen ebenen Flächenabschnitt aufweist; denn dieser kann mit der Stirnplatte (an einer geraden Kante derselben) längs einer Biegekante von einer Länge, welche einen nennenswerten Teil (mindestens 10%, bevorzugt mindestens 15%) des Umfangs der Mantelstruktur ausmacht, verbunden sein. Hiervon profitiert der magnetische Fluss innerhalb des Käfigs. Eine andere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass in die Spulenanordnung ein mit dem Käfig Magnetfluss-leitend gekoppelter Kern hineinragt, welcher ebenfalls als Flusskonzentrator wirkt und hierzu aus einem magnetisch hochpermeablen Material (z. B. Weicheisen) besteht. Die Außenkontur des Kerns ist idealerweise an die Innenkontur der Spulenanordnung, namentlich eines ggf. vorgesehenen Wicklungsträgers angepasst. Ist ein gestuft ausgeführter Wicklungsträger vorgesehen und ragt der Kern so weit in die Spulenanordnung hinein, dass er die Stufe des Wicklungsträgers überlappt, so verfügt der (etwa pilzförmig ausgeführte) Kern bevorzugt einen zu der Stufe des Wicklungsträgers korrespondierenden Absatz.According to yet another preferred development of the invention, the coil arrangement is accommodated in a cage. The cage - which acts as a flux concentrator - consists of a magnetically highly permeable material (e.g. soft iron). It preferably comprises an end plate that covers the coil arrangement at the front and a casing structure that at least partially surrounds the coil arrangement on its outer circumference. It is particularly favorable, both with regard to a good magnetic flux and with regard to the production costs, if the end plate and the jacket structure are connected to one another in one piece and are produced by bending from a sheet metal blank. It is particularly advantageous if the jacket structure has at least one flat surface section; for this may be connected to the faceplate (at a straight edge thereof) along a flexure of a length which accounts for an appreciable proportion (at least 10%, preferably at least 15%) of the perimeter of the shell structure. The magnetic flow within the cage benefits from this. Another advantageous embodiment is characterized in that a core which is coupled to the cage in a magnetic flux-conducting manner protrudes into the coil arrangement and also acts as a flux concentrator and for this purpose consists of a magnetically highly permeable material (eg soft iron). The outer contour of the core is ideally adapted to the inner contour of the coil arrangement, namely a winding support that may be provided. If a stepped winding support is provided and the core protrudes so far the coil arrangement in such a way that it overlaps the step of the winding carrier, the core (which is designed approximately in the shape of a mushroom) preferably has a shoulder that corresponds to the step of the winding carrier.

Weist die Stellvorrichtung, in bevorzugter Weiterbildung der Erfindung, zwei elektromagnetische Linearaktuatoren auf, so ist für diese vorteilhafterweise eine gemeinsame Käfigstruktur mit einer durchgehenden, beide Spulenanordnungen stirnseig abdeckenden Stirnplatte vorgesehen. Von einer solchen durchgehenden gemeinsamen Stirnplatte profitiert insbesondere die Statik, was dazu führt, dass eine Gehäusestruktur weniger belastet wird und somit weniger dickwandig auszuführen ist als im Falle zweier getrennter Käfige. Vorteilhaft für die Statik ist dabei im Übrigen, und zwar unabhängig von der Anzahl der Linearaktuatoren, wenn die die Spulenanordnung des mindestens einen Linearaktuators umgebende Gehäusestruktur an den Käfig (bzw. die Käfige) angespritzt ist, so dass eine Verbundstruktur entsteht, in der sich beide Teile gegenseitig aussteifen.If the actuating device, in a preferred development of the invention, has two electromagnetic linear actuators, a common cage structure with a continuous end plate covering both coil arrangements at the front is advantageously provided for these. The statics in particular benefit from such a continuous common end plate, which means that a housing structure is less stressed and therefore has to be designed with less thick walls than in the case of two separate cages. It is also advantageous for the statics, regardless of the number of linear actuators, if the housing structure surrounding the coil arrangement of the at least one linear actuator is injection molded onto the cage (or cages), so that a composite structure is created in which both parts stiffen each other.

Gemäß einer wiederum anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung weisen die beiden Flussleitscheiben ein unterschiedliches Axialmaß auf, namentlich dergestalt, dass jene Flussleitscheibe, welche sich an der dem Stößel abgewandten Stirnseite der Permanentmagnetanordnung befindet, eine gegenüber der anderen Flussleitscheibe geringere Stärke aufweist. Dies berücksichtigt das im Rahmen der Erfindung bestehende Optimierungspotential hinsichtlich der Magnetflussverteilung, wobei sich die - durch die dünnere Ausführung der betreffenden Flussleitscheibe erzielbare - Reduktion der Masse der Ankereinheit sehr positiv auf das dynamische Verhalten der Stellvorrichtung auswirkt.According to yet another preferred development of the invention, the two flux guide disks have different axial dimensions, specifically such that the flux guide disk located on the end face of the permanent magnet arrangement facing away from the ram is less thick than the other flux guide disk. This takes into account the potential for optimization within the scope of the invention with regard to the distribution of the magnetic flux, with the reduction in the mass of the - achievable through the thinner design of the relevant flux guide disk Anchor unit has a very positive effect on the dynamic behavior of the actuator.

Gemäß einer nochmals anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Scheibenmagnet als Ringscheibenmagnet und ist mindestens eine der Flussleitscheiben als Flussleit-Ringscheibe ausgeführt, wobei die Ankereinheit einen mit dem Stößel gekoppelten, sich in die betreffende Flussleit-Ringscheibe und den Ringscheibenmagnet hinein erstreckenden Schaft umfasst. Der Schaft besteht dabei bevorzugt aus Edelstahl oder einem Material mit vergleichbar geringer magnetischer Permeabilität. Der Schaft kann einstückig mit dem Stößel sein und in diesen übergehen. Für Hochleistungsanwendungen ist indessen vorteilhaft, wenn der Stößel aus einem Material mit einem gegenüber Edelstahl höheren Härtegrad besteht, beispielsweise aus einem hochfesten Stahl. Zudem kann der Stößel ganz oder teilweise mit einer geeigneten Hartbeschichtung (z. B. einer Diamantbeschichtung) versehen sein. Sind in vorstehendem Sinne der Schaft und der Stößel nicht Bereiche eines einstückigen Bauteils, so kann die Koppelung des Schafts mit dem Stößel insbesondere in Form einer starren Verbindung ausgeführt sein. In Betracht kommt insbesondere ein Verbinden mittels Laserschweißung oder Reibschweißung.According to yet another preferred development of the invention, the disc magnet is designed as a ring disc magnet and at least one of the flux guide discs is designed as a flux guide ring disc, with the armature unit comprising a shaft that is coupled to the plunger and extends into the relevant flux guide ring disc and the ring disc magnet. The shaft is preferably made of stainless steel or a material with a comparably low magnetic permeability. The shank can be in one piece with the ram and merge into it. For high-performance applications, however, it is advantageous if the ram consists of a material with a higher degree of hardness than high-grade steel, for example high-strength steel. In addition, the ram can be completely or partially provided with a suitable hard coating (e.g. a diamond coating). If, in the above sense, the shank and the ram are not areas of a one-piece component, the coupling of the shank to the ram can be implemented in particular in the form of a rigid connection. A connection by means of laser welding or friction welding is particularly suitable.

Vorteilhaft ist im Übrigen, wenn das Gehäuse ein als Montage- und Führungsblock ausgeführtes Endstück umfasst, wobei die Ankereinheit ausschließlich, nämlich über den Stößel, in dem Montage- und Führungsblock verschiebbar geführt gelagert ist. So sind geringstmögliche Reibungsverluste zu realisieren, was wiederum günstig ist für eine hohe Sachaltdynamik.It is also advantageous if the housing comprises an end piece designed as a mounting and guide block, with the anchor unit being movably guided in the mounting and guide block exclusively, namely via the plunger. So are lowest possible To realize friction losses, which in turn is favorable for a high material dynamics.

Im Folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand dreier in der Zeichnung veranschaulichter bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert, wobei sich der zugehörigen Beschreibung insbesondere auch noch weitere, über die vorstehende Erläuterung der Erfindung hinausgehende vorteilhafte Aspekte entnehmen lassen.The present invention is explained in more detail below using three preferred exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing, with the associated description also revealing in particular further advantageous aspects that go beyond the above explanation of the invention.

In der Zeichnung zeigt

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch eine zwei Linearaktuatoren aufweisende Stellvorrichtung nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
Fig. 2
eine der beiden Spulenanordnungen der Stellvorrichtung nach Fig. 1 samt zugehörigem Käfig in perspektivischer Ansicht schräg von oben,
Fig. 3
die in Fig. 2 gezeigte Einheit in Draufsicht von oben,
Fig. 4
die in den Figuren 2 und 3 gezeigte Einheit in perspektivischer Ansicht schräg von unten,
Fig. 5
die in den Figuren 2 bis 4 gezeigte Einheit in Draufsicht von unten,
Fig. 6
die bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 1 bis 5 zum Einsatz kommende Gruppe aus Spulenanordnung (ohne Käfig) und Ankereinheit in perspektivischer Ansicht schräg von unten,
Fig. 7
die in Fig. 6 gezeigte Gruppe in Draufsicht von unten,
Fig. 8
eine der Fig. 6 entsprechende Ansicht zu einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel und
Fig. 9
eine den Figuren 6 und 7 entsprechende Ansicht zu einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel.
In the drawing shows
1
a section through an adjusting device having two linear actuators according to a first exemplary embodiment,
2
one of the two coil arrangements of the actuating device 1 along with the associated cage in a perspective view diagonally from above,
3
in the 2 unit shown in plan view from above,
4
the in the Figures 2 and 3 unit shown in a perspective view diagonally from below,
figure 5
the in the Figures 2 to 4 unit shown in plan view from below,
6
in the embodiment according to the Figures 1 to 5 used group consisting of coil arrangement (without cage) and armature unit in a perspective view diagonally from below,
7
in the 6 shown group in plan view from below,
8
one of the 6 corresponding view of a second embodiment and
9
a den Figures 6 and 7 corresponding view of a third embodiment.

Das in den Figuren 1 bis 6 veranschaulichte erste Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Stellvorrichtung umfasst ein Gehäuse 1 und zwei elektromagnetische Linearaktuatoren 2. Jeder der beiden Linearaktuatoren 2 umfasst eine gehäusefeste, in einem als Flusskonzentrator wirkenden Käfig 3 aufgenommene Spulenanordnung 4 mit einer auf einem Wicklungsträger 5 aufgenommenen Spulenwicklung 6 und eine - zwischen zwei Endpositionen - längs der Achse X relativ zu dem Gehäuse 1 bewegbare Ankereinheit 7. Diese umfasst ihrerseits einen Stößel 8 und eine mit diesem gekoppelte Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 mit einen axial magnetisierten Scheibenmagnet 10 und zwei beidseits stirnseitig an diesem angeordneten Flussleitstücken 11 und 12.That in the Figures 1 to 6 The illustrated first exemplary embodiment of an actuating device according to the invention comprises a housing 1 and two electromagnetic linear actuators 2. Each of the two linear actuators 2 comprises a coil arrangement 4 fixed to the housing and accommodated in a cage 3 acting as a flux concentrator, with a coil winding 6 accommodated on a winding support 5 and a coil winding 6 between two end positions - Anchor unit 7 that can be moved along the axis X relative to the housing 1. This in turn comprises a plunger 8 and a permanent magnet arrangement 9 coupled to it, with an axially magnetized disc magnet 10 and two flux-conducting pieces 11 and 12 arranged on both sides on the face side of this.

Die Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 ist mit dem (aus einem hochfesten Stahl bestehenden) Stößel 8 fest verbundenen. Hierzu ist mit dem Stößel 8 ein (aus Edelstahl bestehender) Schaft 13 verschweißt, auf welchem die Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 aufgenommen ist. Zu diesem Zweck sind der Scheibenmagnet 10 als Ringscheibenmagnet 14 und die beiden Flussleitstücke 11, 12 als Flussleit-Ringscheiben 15 ausgeführt. Was die Außenkontur der Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 angeht, so weist der Ringscheibenmagnet 14 eine kreiszylindrische Außenfläche auf, und die Flussleit-Ringscheiben 15 verfügen über einen runden Umfang. Infolge der Bewegbarkeit der Ankereinheit 7 längs der Achse X kann die Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 mehr oder weniger weit in die sich um die Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 herum erstreckende Spulenanordnung 4 eintauchen. Das freie Ende des Schafts 13 steht geringfügig über das benachbarte Flussleitstück 11, welches im Übrigen eine geringere Dicke aufweist als das gegenüberliegende Flussleitstück 12, über.The permanent magnet arrangement 9 is firmly connected to the plunger 8 (made of high-strength steel). For this purpose, a shaft 13 (made of stainless steel) is welded to the plunger 8 and the permanent magnet arrangement 9 is accommodated on this shaft. For this purpose, the disc magnet 10 is designed as a ring disc magnet 14 and the two flux guide pieces 11, 12 are designed as flux guide ring discs 15. As far as the outer contour of the permanent magnet arrangement 9 is concerned, the annular disk magnet 14 has a circular-cylindrical outer surface, and the flux-guiding annular disks 15 have a round circumference. Due to the mobility of the armature unit 7 along the axis X, the permanent magnet assembly 9 can more or less far into the immerse around the permanent magnet arrangement 9 extending coil arrangement 4. The free end of the shaft 13 protrudes slightly beyond the adjacent flux guide piece 11, which incidentally has a smaller thickness than the opposite flux guide piece 12.

Das Gehäuse 1 setzt sich zusammen aus einem als Montage- und Führungsblock 16 ausgeführten, mit einer Flanschstruktur 17 ausgestatteten Endstück 18 und einem dichtend auf die Flanschstruktur 17 aufgesetzten Gehäuseoberteil 19. Der Montage- und Führungsblock 16 weist zwei Durchgangsbohrungen 20 auf. Diese bilden jeweils eine Führungsbohrung 21 für den Stößel 8 des zugeordneten Linearaktuators 2, wobei die verschiebbar geführte Lagerung der jeweiligen Ankereinheit 7 allein durch die Führung des jeweiligen Stößels 8 in der zugeordneten Führungsbohrung 21 des Montage- und Führungsblocks 16 realisiert wird. Das Gehäuseoberteil 19 ist an die aus den beiden Spulenanordnungen 4 und den zugehörigen Käfigen 3 bestehende Baugruppe angespritzt, wobei eine der Kontaktierung der Spulenwicklungen 6 dienende - nicht dargestellte - Anschlussstruktur einen integralen Teil des Gehäuseoberteils 19 bildet. Die beiden Käfige 3 sind dabei Teil einer gemeinsamen Käfigstruktur 22, indem sie über eine gemeinsame Stirnplatte 23 verfügen, von der ab sich die jeweilige - die betreffende Spulenanordnung 4 auf ihrem Außenumfang zumindest teilweise umgebende - Mantelstruktur (s. u.) erstreckt.The housing 1 is composed of an end piece 18 designed as a mounting and guide block 16 and equipped with a flange structure 17 and a housing upper part 19 placed sealingly on the flange structure 17 . The mounting and guide block 16 has two through bores 20 . These each form a guide bore 21 for the plunger 8 of the associated linear actuator 2, the displaceably guided mounting of the respective anchor unit 7 being realized solely by guiding the respective plunger 8 in the associated guide bore 21 of the mounting and guide block 16. The upper housing part 19 is molded onto the assembly consisting of the two coil arrangements 4 and the associated cages 3 , with a connection structure—not shown—which serves to contact the coil windings 6 forming an integral part of the upper housing part 19 . The two cages 3 are part of a common cage structure 22 in that they have a common end plate 23 from which the respective jacket structure (see below) extends, at least partially surrounding the relevant coil arrangement 4 on its outer circumference.

Der (aus Kunststoff bestehende) Wicklungsträger 5 weist einen Hülsenabschnitt 24 und zwei endseitige Stützscheiben 25 auf. Der Hülsenabschnitt 24 ist in dem Sinne gestuft ausgeführt, dass er außerhalb der axialen Überlappung mit der Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 eine Einschnürung 26 aufweist. Der auf dem Bereich der Einschnürung 26 des Hülsenabschnitts 24 aufgenommene Anteil der Spulenwicklung 6 überlappt dabei in radialer Richtung die Permanentmagnetanordnung 9. Im Bereich der besagten Einschnürung 26 ist der Hülsenabschnitt 24 innen zylindrisch, so dass er den Schaft 27 eines mit der Stirnplatte 23 des zugeordneten Käfigs 3 verbundenen pilzförmigen Kerns 28 eng umschließt. Der Kern 28 bildet einen Anschlag für das geringfügig aus der Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 hervorstehende freie Ende des Schafts 13 und definiert so die - in Fig. 1 links gezeigte - maximal eingezogene Stellung des Stößels 8 ohne einen Kontakt zwischen dem endseitigen Flussleitstück 11 und dem Kern 28. Die - in Fig. 1 rechts gezeigte - maximal ausgefahrene Stellung des Stößels 8 ist demgegenüber durch das Anschlagen des anderen Flussleitstücks 12 an der Stirnseite des Montage- und Führungsblocks 16 definiert.The winding carrier 5 (made of plastic) has a sleeve section 24 and two support disks 25 at the ends. The sleeve portion 24 is in the Stepped meaning that it has a constriction 26 outside of the axial overlap with the permanent magnet arrangement 9 . The part of the coil winding 6 accommodated in the area of the constriction 26 of the sleeve section 24 overlaps the permanent magnet arrangement 9 in the radial direction Cage 3 connected mushroom-shaped core 28 closely encloses. The core 28 forms a stop for the free end of the shaft 13 protruding slightly from the permanent magnet arrangement 9 and thus defines the - in 1 Shown on the left - maximum retracted position of the plunger 8 without contact between the end-side flux guide 11 and the core 28. The - in 1 In contrast, the maximum extended position of the plunger 8 shown on the right is defined by the other flux guide piece 12 striking the end face of the assembly and guide block 16 .

Außerhalb des Bereichs der Einschnürung 26 gibt der Hülsenabschnitt 24 eine unrunde innere Kontur der Spulenanordnung 4 und, da er in diesem Bereich von zumindest im Wesentlichen einheitlicher Wandstärke ist, auch eine unrunde Geometrie der auf ihn aufgewickelten Spulenwicklung 6 vor. Und zwar verfügt der Hülsenabschnitt 24 hier über zwei einander diametral gegenüberliegende, sich jeweils über etwa 90° erstreckende erste Umfangsabschnitte 29, welche etwa als Segmente eines Kreiszylinders ausgeführt sind, und zwei zwischen diesen angeordnete, einander ebenfalls diametral gegenüberliegende zweite Umfangsabschnitte 30 in Form von Ausbuchtungen 31. Dabei sind die Ausbuchtungen 31 jeweils definiert durch zwei im Wesentlichen ebene Flächenabschnitte 32, welche sprung- und versatzfrei in die ersten Umfangsabschnitte 29 übergehen, und eine Verbindungsfläche 33, welche etwa die Form eines Viertelzylinder aufweist und ihrerseits beidseits sprung- und versatzfrei in die angrenzenden ebenen Flächenabschnitte 32 übergeht. Im Ergebnis ist der Hülsenabschnitt 24 (auch) in diesem Bereich ausschließlich konvex gekrümmt.Outside the area of the constriction 26, the sleeve section 24 defines a non-round inner contour of the coil arrangement 4 and, since it is of at least substantially uniform wall thickness in this area, also a non-round geometry of the coil winding 6 wound onto it. Specifically, the sleeve section 24 has two diametrically opposite first peripheral sections 29, each extending over approximately 90°, which are configured as segments of a circular cylinder, and two second peripheral sections 30 arranged between them, also diametrically opposite one another, in the form of Bulges 31. The bulges 31 are each defined by two essentially flat surface sections 32, which merge into the first peripheral sections 29 without any jumps or offsets, and a connecting surface 33, which is approximately in the shape of a quarter cylinder and, for its part, has no jumps or offsets on either side the adjacent planar surface sections 32 merges. As a result, the sleeve section 24 is (also) exclusively convexly curved in this area.

In Verbindung mit der kreiszylindrischen Geometrie der Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 hält, durch die beschriebene Geometrie des Wicklungsträgers 5, die Spulenanordnung 4 zu der Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 über deren Umfang ausgeprägt unterschiedliche Abstände ein. Und zwar bildet ihre Innenfläche auf den beiden ersten Umfangsabschnitten 29 zu der Außenfläche der Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 jeweils einen Spalt 34 mit einem ersten lichten Radialmaß aus, wohingegen sie auf den beiden zweiten Umfangsabschnitten 30 jeweils eine Ausbuchtung 31 ausbildet, wobei der Maximalwert des - im Bereich der Ausbuchtungen 31 geltenden - zweiten lichten Radialmaßes wesentlich größer ist als das erste lichte Radialmaß. So ergeben sich zwischen der Permanentmagnetanordnung 9 und der Spulenanordnung 4 zwei Ausgleichskanäle 35 mit etwa sichelförmigem Querschnitt.In connection with the circular-cylindrical geometry of the permanent magnet arrangement 9, due to the described geometry of the winding support 5, the coil arrangement 4 maintains distinctly different distances from the permanent magnet arrangement 9 over its circumference. Specifically, its inner surface forms a gap 34 with a first clear radial dimension on the two first peripheral sections 29 to the outer surface of the permanent magnet arrangement 9, whereas it forms a bulge 31 on each of the two second peripheral sections 30, the maximum value of the - in the area of the Bulges 31 applicable - second clear radial dimension is significantly larger than the first clear radial dimension. Thus, between the permanent magnet arrangement 9 and the coil arrangement 4, there are two compensating channels 35 with an approximately crescent-shaped cross section.

Die gesamte Käfigstruktur 22 ist durch Biegen aus einem einzigen Blechzuschnitt hervorgegangen. Dieser umfasst neben der etwa rechteckigen späteren (gemeinsamen) Stirnplatte 23 vier ebenfalls etwa rechteckige, mit der Stirnplatte 23 jeweils über einen Steg 36 verbundene Fortsätze. Diese werden so gebogen und - längs der im Bereich der Stege 36 verlaufenden Biegekanten - so von der Stirnplatte 23 abgekantet, dass sie als Teil der jeweiligen Mantelstruktur 37 die Spulenanordnung 4 eng umschließen. In diesem Sinne besteht jeweils die Mantelstruktur 37 des betreffenden Käfigs 3 aus zwei Segmenten 38, wobei jedes Segment 38 aus einem Fortsatz des Blechzuschnitts hervorgegangen ist und zwei im Wesentlichen ebene Flächenbereiche 39 und einen diese miteinander verbindenden gekrümmten Flächenbereich 40 aufweist. Die beiden Stützscheiben 25 des jeweiligen Wicklungsträgers 5 weisen an die Innenkontur der Mantelstruktur 37 angepasste Geometrien auf; analog zu den vier im Wesentlichen ebenen Flächenbereichen 32 des Hülsenabschnitts 24 des jeweiligen Wicklungsträgers 5 und den vier im Wesentlichen ebenen Flächenbereichen 39 der Mantelstruktur 37 sind die beiden Stützscheiben 25 des Wicklungsträgers 5 an ihrem Außenumfang auf vier Abschnitten geradlinig begrenzt.The entire cage structure 22 is formed from a single sheet metal blank by bending. In addition to the approximately rectangular later (common) end plate 23 , this includes four likewise approximately rectangular ones, each connected to the end plate 23 via a web 36 appendages. These are bent and--along the bending edges running in the region of the webs 36--bevelled off the end plate 23 in such a way that they closely enclose the coil arrangement 4 as part of the respective casing structure 37. In this sense, the jacket structure 37 of the relevant cage 3 consists of two segments 38, each segment 38 having emerged from an extension of the sheet metal blank and having two essentially flat surface areas 39 and a curved surface area 40 connecting them to one another. The two support disks 25 of the respective winding support 5 have geometries adapted to the inner contour of the casing structure 37; analogously to the four essentially flat surface areas 32 of the sleeve section 24 of the respective winding support 5 and the four essentially flat surface areas 39 of the jacket structure 37, the two support disks 25 of the winding support 5 are limited to four straight sections on their outer circumference.

Der Zeichnung sind noch einige weitere, optional mögliche vorteilhafte Detail-Ausgestaltungen entnehmbar, wie beispielsweise die beiden jeweils an der oberen, der Stirnplatte 23 der Käfigstruktur 22 zugewandten Stützscheibe 25 vorgesehenen, in korrespondierende Aussparungen 41 der Stirnplatte 23 eingreifenden Zentriervorsprünge 42 (vgl. Figuren 2 und 3). Die betreffenden Aussparungen 41 in der Stirnplatte 23 sind dabei so ausgestaltet, dass durch sie auch die Enden 43 der Spulenwicklung 6 durch die Stirnplatte 23 hindurch geführt werden können, wobei die benachbarte Stützscheibe 25 korrespondierende, der Durchführung der Enden 43 der Spulenwicklung 6 dienende Einschnitte 46 aufweist. Beim Spritzen des Gehäuseoberteils 19 dringt im Übrigen der entsprechende Kunststoff in die - vom Anguss aus erreichbaren - Hohl- und Zwischenräume (insbesondere zwischen der jeweiligen Spulenanordnung 4 und dem jeweils zugeordneten Käfig 3) ein und füllt diese aus, wodurch ein fester Verbund entsteht und die Spulenwicklung geschützt wird. Ringförmige Vorsprünge 44 des Gehäuseoberteils 19 untergreifen, an der jeweiligen unteren Stützscheibe 25 anliegend, die beiden Spulenanordnungen 4. Erkennbar sind weiterhin (vgl. Figuren 4 und 5) zwei den Kopf 43 des Kerns 28 durchsetzende Bohrungen 45.The drawing shows some further, optionally possible, advantageous detailed configurations, such as the two centering projections 42 provided on the upper supporting disk 25 facing the end plate 23 of the cage structure 22 and engaging in corresponding recesses 41 in the end plate 23 (cf. Figures 2 and 3 ). The recesses 41 in question in the end plate 23 are designed in such a way that the ends 43 of the coil winding 6 can also be passed through the end plate 23, with the adjacent support disk 25 having corresponding incisions 46 that serve to guide the ends 43 of the coil winding 6 through having. At the Injection molding of the housing upper part 19 also penetrates the corresponding plastic into the cavities and intermediate spaces (which can be reached from the sprue) (in particular between the respective coil arrangement 4 and the respectively associated cage 3) and fills them, resulting in a firm bond and the coil winding is protected. Ring-shaped projections 44 of the upper housing part 19 engage under the two coil arrangements 4 resting against the respective lower support disc 25. Also recognizable are (cf. Figures 4 and 5 ) two holes 45 passing through the head 43 of the core 28.

Das in Fig. 8 veranschaulichte zweite Ausführungsbeispiel und das in Fig. 9 veranschaulichte dritte Ausführungsbeispiel erschließen sich ohne Weiteres anhand der vorstehenden Erläuterungen des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels. In Abwandlung zu dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel verfügt das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel über einen Ausgleichskanal 35', das dritte Ausführungsbeispiel indessen über drei - gleichmäßig über den Innenumfang der Spulenanordnung 4" verteilt angeordnete - Ausgleichskanäle 35".This in 8 illustrated second embodiment and in 9 The illustrated third exemplary embodiment is readily apparent from the above explanations of the first exemplary embodiment. In a modification to the first exemplary embodiment, the second exemplary embodiment has a compensating channel 35', while the third exemplary embodiment has three compensating channels 35", distributed evenly over the inner circumference of the coil arrangement 4".

Claims (15)

  1. Positioning device, with a housing (1) and at least one electromagnetic linear actuator (2), which comprises
    - an armature unit (7) that can be moved relative to the housing (1), and which comprises a permanent magnet arrangement (9) and a plunger (8) coupled thereto, and which comprises
    - a coil arrangement (4, 4', 4") fixed to the housing and extending around the permanent magnet arrangement (9), and having at least one coil winding (6), wherein
    - the permanent magnet arrangement (9) comprises an axially magnetised disc magnet (10) and two flux guide pieces (11, 12) arranged on the end face thereof,
    - the disc magnet (10) has a circular cylindrical outer surface, and the flux guide pieces (11, 12) are designed as circular flux guide discs, and wherein the coil arrangement (4, 4', 4") has a non-circular cross-section, at least in the region of its axial overlap with the permanent magnet arrangement (9),
    characterised in that,
    - the inner surface of the coil arrangement has a gap (34, 34', 34") with a first clear radial dimension on at least two first circumferential sections (29, 29', 29") relative to the outer surface of the permanent magnet arrangement (9) and a second clear radial dimension, which is enlarged relative to the first clear radial dimension, on at least two bulged-out second circumferential sections (30, 30', 30"), which are each associated with a bulge of the coil winding (6), to the outer surface of the permanent magnet arrangement (9) with a second clear radial dimension, which is enlarged in comparison with the first clear radial dimension, wherein the maximum value of the second clear radial dimension is substantially greater than that of the first clear radial dimension,
    - in the region of the at least two second circumferential sections (29, 29', 29"), between the permanent magnet arrangement (9) and the coil arrangement (4, 4', 4"), there exists in each case a compensating channel (35, 35', 35") with a crescent-shaped cross-section.
  2. Positioning device according to Claim 1, characterised in that there exist at least three first circumferential sections (29") and at least three second circumferential sections (30").
  3. Positioning device according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the second circumferential sections (30, 30") are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the coil arrangement (4, 4").
  4. Positioning device according to one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the coil arrangement (4, 4', 4") has a winding support (5) with a sleeve section (24) and two end-face supporting discs (25).
  5. Positioning device according to Claim 4, characterised in that on at least two sections the supporting discs (25) are bounded by a straight line on their outer circumference.
  6. Positioning device according to Claim 4 or Claim 5, characterised in that the sleeve section (24) is stepped in such a way that a sub-region axially offset from the permanent magnet arrangement (9) radially overlaps the permanent magnet arrangement (9) in an annular manner.
  7. Positioning device according to one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the coil arrangement (4, 4', 4") is accommodated in a cage (3).
  8. Positioning device according to Claim 7, characterised in that the cage (3) comprises an end plate (23) covering the coil arrangement (4, 4', 4") on the end face, and a jacket structure (37) at least partially surrounding the coil arrangement (4, 4', 4") on its outer circumference.
  9. Positioning device according to Claim 8, characterised in that the end plate (23) and the jacket structure (37) are integrally connected to each other, and have been produced from a sheet metal blank by a bending process.
  10. Positioning device according to one of the Claims 7 to 9, characterised in that in the case of two electromagnetic linear actuators (2), a common cage structure (23) is provided with a continuous end plate (22), covering both coil arrangements (4, 4', 4") on the end faces.
  11. Positioning device according to one of the Claims 7 to 10, characterised in that a core (28), coupled to the associated cage (3) in a magnetic flux-conducting manner, projects into the coil arrangement (4, 4', 4").
  12. Positioning device according to one of the Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the two flux guide discs have different axial dimensions.
  13. Positioning device according to one of the Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the disc magnet (10) is designed as an annular disc magnet (14), and at least one of the flux-conducting discs is designed as an annular flux-conducting disc (15), wherein the armature unit (7) comprises a shaft (13), coupled to the plunger (8), and extending into the annular flux-conducting disc (15) and the annular disc magnet (14) in question.
  14. Positioning device according to Claim 13, characterised in that the shaft (13) is rigidly connected to the plunger (8).
  15. Positioning device according to Claim 14, characterised in that, the housing (1) comprises an end piece (18) designed as an assembly and guide block (16), wherein the armature unit (7) is mounted such that it is moveably guided exclusively in the assembly and guide block (16) .
EP20205806.1A 2019-12-20 2020-11-05 Adjusting device Active EP3839988B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019135364.5A DE102019135364A1 (en) 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Adjusting device

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DE1239017B (en) * 1963-12-07 1967-04-20 Kirsch Bernhard Fa Bobbin
US20070210653A1 (en) 2006-03-13 2007-09-13 Scanlon Matthew J Moving magnet actuator with counter-cogging end-ring and asymmetrical armature stroke
DE102007028600B4 (en) * 2007-06-19 2011-06-22 ETO MAGNETIC GmbH, 78333 Electromagnetic actuator
DE102011009327B4 (en) * 2011-01-18 2012-09-27 Hydac Electronic Gmbh Electromagnetic actuator
DE102017103090B4 (en) * 2017-02-15 2020-06-04 Kolektor Group D.O.O. Electromagnetic linear actuator
DE102017114246A1 (en) * 2017-07-03 2019-01-03 Kolektor Group D.O.O. locking device

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