EP3822536A1 - Headlight with condensation protection device - Google Patents
Headlight with condensation protection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3822536A1 EP3822536A1 EP19209156.9A EP19209156A EP3822536A1 EP 3822536 A1 EP3822536 A1 EP 3822536A1 EP 19209156 A EP19209156 A EP 19209156A EP 3822536 A1 EP3822536 A1 EP 3822536A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- headlight
- air
- air duct
- curvature
- longitudinal axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
- F21S45/60—Heating of lighting devices, e.g. for demisting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/12—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of emitted light
- F21S41/13—Ultraviolet light; Infrared light
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
- F21S45/20—Promoting gas flow in lighting devices, e.g. directing flow toward the cover glass for demisting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a headlight, in particular a motor vehicle headlight, comprising a headlight housing with a light exit opening closed by a cover plate, at least one LED light source which is arranged in at least one light module positioned in the headlight housing for generating a predetermined light distribution in front of the headlight, and a Dew protection device arranged in the headlamp housing with at least one air duct for guiding air and with at least one radiation emitter, the at least one air duct having an air inlet opening and at least one air outlet opening and the air outlet opening preferably facing the cover panel, as well as the air guided in the air duct with that from the radiation emitter generated thermal radiation can be heated.
- condensation water water that is condensed on a cool surface of objects as soon as air or gas containing water vapor is cooled below the dew point
- condensation water condensation water
- condensation or fogging Condensation on technical objects such as cover panes or in the interior of vehicle headlights.
- the document concerns EP 0 859 188 A2 a headlight condensation protection in which the waste heat of a conventional quartz bulb base of a low beam and / or a high beam lamp, which typically heats up to 900 ° C when the lamp is in operation, is conducted by means of a reflector in the direction of the cover plate of the headlight housing in the interior of the headlight housing and this heats up and thus ensures a condensate-free cover plate or condensate-free surfaces in the headlight housing.
- this conventional variant of the trace heating is the Headlight housing due to the insufficient waste heat of the energy-saving light sources, such as light-emitting diodes, is no longer sufficient.
- the document DE 10 2011 084114 A1 relates to a conventional motor vehicle headlight with a headlight housing and a light exit opening closed by a cover plate.
- a light module for generating a predetermined light distribution in front of the vehicle.
- a fan device including a heating element with a subsequent tubular air duct is arranged in the housing, the heating element being integrated within the fan device.
- the heating element can be designed, for example, as a heating sleeve that encases the air duct from the outside, as a heating conductor, heating coil, heating band, heating mat or heating register.
- the fan device is used to circulate heated air inside the headlight housing and thus to ensure condensation-free surfaces in the headlight housing.
- the disadvantage of this embodiment is at least that the fan device, for example in the form of an axial fan with integrated heating elements, is structurally complex and also entails increased operating and maintenance costs during operation.
- a headlight for a motor vehicle has become known in which a light-emitting diode arrangement is used as the main light source. Since modern white light-emitting diodes - in contrast to conventional headlights with previously common halogen light sources - generate practically no infrared heat in the light cone, which could be used to defrost or defrost the headlight cover, this headlight has its own heat conducting agent as a headlight protection against condensation. The heat transfer agent is used to exchange heat that is generated on the back of the luminous surfaces of the light-emitting diode arrangement and an air flow inside the headlamp.
- the heat conduction means is equipped with air conduction means and is preferably designed as a cooling body with cooling fins, the spaces between the cooling fins forming air conduction channels.
- the cooling fins are designed parallel to the air flow, which conducts the waste heat from the light-emitting diodes to the cover plate of the headlamp. Since the heat source of the light-emitting diodes cannot be regulated, it is proposed to additionally provide a heat exchanger so that heat can optionally be supplied to the air flow with the heat exchanger or, conversely, heat can be withdrawn from the air flow.
- the disadvantage of this embodiment is at least that the waste heat from the light-emitting diodes is usually too low to ensure adequate heating of the cover plate of the headlight in extreme weather conditions with snowfall or fog or at particularly low temperatures. Furthermore, the intended heat transfer agent and a additionally required heat exchanger for temperature control of the air flow complex and expensive in terms of apparatus.
- Modern LED headlights are designed in such a way that the light-emitting diodes generate as little waste heat as possible.
- an air flow in direct contact with a heat sink which is usually located on the back of the luminous surfaces of the light emitting diodes, can usually reach temperatures of a maximum of 80 ° to 100 ° C, although the air flow makes its way to the cover pane has already cooled down significantly.
- the previously known concepts for rapid de-icing and defrosting of cover panes or for avoiding undesirable condensation in vehicles are therefore unsuitable if they are LED vehicle headlights.
- the device that has become known for defrosting a lighting unit is expensive, since a plurality of light-emitting diodes are arranged there with their rear sides on an air duct which is arranged in the interior of a vehicle headlight.
- the air duct extends from a rear side of a reflector through this in the direction of the cover plate of the headlight. Waste heat from the engine compartment of the motor vehicle, which reaches the interior of the vehicle headlight inside the air duct from a fan located in the engine compartment, is further heated by the waste heat produced on the back of the light-emitting diodes attached to the outside of the air duct.
- the air duct has a nozzle at its front free end, which is oriented towards the cover plate.
- the disadvantage of this design is the high structural effort, namely to arrange the air duct in such a way that this air duct protrudes through the reflector and forms a connection between the interior of the vehicle headlight and the engine compartment without disturbing the desired light distribution of the reflector.
- Another disadvantage is that this defrosting device only starts to work for the headlight when the operating temperature of the internal combustion engine in the engine compartment reaches correspondingly high values, for example of over 100 ° C. Rapid defrosting and defrosting of the cover panes of the vehicle headlight is not possible even with this complex device.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a headlight with a condensation protection device for accompanying heating of the headlight, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art described.
- the anti-condensation device is intended to ensure the shortest possible defrosting time for the cover panes of the headlamp equipped with it.
- the condensation protection device should be constructed in a simple manner inside the Be integrated into the vehicle headlights, and be inexpensive and as maintenance-free as possible when the heating system is running.
- the invention also provides a motor vehicle with at least one headlight with a condensation device.
- a headlight in particular a motor vehicle headlight, which has a headlight housing with a light exit opening closed by a cover plate, at least one LED light source, which is arranged in at least one light module positioned in the headlight housing for generating a predetermined light distribution in front of the headlight
- an im Headlight housing arranged dew protection device with at least one air duct for guiding air and at least one radiation emitter, wherein the at least one air duct has an air inlet opening and at least one air outlet opening and the at least one air outlet opening preferably faces the cover panel, as well as the air guided in the air duct with the from Radiation emitter generated heat radiation can be heated, the at least one radiation emitter is arranged within the air duct in the area of the air inlet opening, the air duct consisting of an I. Infrared radiation reflecting and opaque wall material is made and the air duct between the air inlet opening and the at least one air outlet opening has at least one curved longitudinal axis section with a radius of
- the air duct of the anti-condensation device is expediently designed in such a way that when thermal radiation is fed in in the form of infrared radiation through the radiation emitter arranged within the air duct, the escape of visible light at the at least one air outlet opening is avoided.
- This is ensured by at least one curved longitudinal axis section between the air inlet opening on which the radiation emitter is arranged and the air outlet opening.
- the at least one air duct can have one or more curved sections.
- the air duct is shaped in such a way that visible heat radiation components of the radiation emitter are correspondingly reflected or totally reflected on the inner surfaces of the curved longitudinal axis sections of the air duct.
- the air duct is made of a wall material that reflects infrared radiation and is impermeable to light.
- curvature or a curved longitudinal axis section in the context of the present application:
- the curvature of a flat curve is the change in direction when going through the curve.
- the curvature of a straight line is zero everywhere because its direction does not change.
- a circle (arc) with the radius r has the same curvature everywhere, because its direction changes equally strongly everywhere. The smaller the radius of the circle, the greater its curvature.
- the central angle or the angle of curvature is equal to the outer angle between the circular tangents in the end points of the arc-shaped curve piece.
- a kink is a point at which a curve changes its curvature and, as a result, its direction.
- the corner points of a rectangle are, for example, such kink points.
- An air duct of a condensation protection device according to the invention can thus be understood to mean one or more kink points.
- an air duct that consists of two or more straight air duct sections, the longitudinal axes of which in the form of an open polygonal line has one or more inflection points is also encompassed by the invention.
- the cross-section of the air duct is not subject to any design limits.
- the air duct can have a square, rectangular, triangular, circular or elliptical cross-section, for example, in sections or also continuously.
- the air duct can therefore - depending on the requirements and space requirements of the headlight - at least in sections be angular in the shape of a shaft or else round in the shape of a tube.
- the air duct can fork in a Y-shape, for example, and have two or more air outlet openings, from each of which heated air radiates in order to heat the cover pane.
- several air inlet openings can open into a common air outlet opening of the air duct.
- the at least one air outlet opening is preferably facing the cover plate of the headlight or at least oriented in such a way that the air outlet opening from the at least one air outlet opening outflowing heated air is guided as directly as possible in the direction of the cover plate.
- a light module has at least one light source for emitting the light to generate the light distribution, which is designed here as a light-emitting diode (LED).
- the light module has, for example, primary optics, for example in the form of a reflector and / or TIR (Total Internal Reflection) attachment optics, for bundling the light emitted by the semiconductor light source.
- the light module can also have secondary optics, for example in the form of a converging lens, in the beam path of the emitted light, the secondary optics projecting the bundled light to generate the light distribution onto the roadway in front of the vehicle.
- a diaphragm arrangement can be provided in the light module between the primary optics and the secondary optics, the top edge of which (in the case of a vertical diaphragm arrangement) or its front edge (in the case of a horizontal diaphragm arrangement) as The cut-off line is projected onto the road in front of the vehicle.
- the air duct in a headlight, can have a first curved longitudinal axis section between the air inlet opening and the air outlet opening and at least one further, second curved longitudinal axis section spaced therefrom in the longitudinal axis direction of the air duct.
- the heated air can be brought as close as possible to the sections of the headlight housing to be heated by means of an elongated design of the air duct. It is also possible within the scope of the invention to make the air duct comparable to a heat exchanger in such a way that heated air can collect within the air duct and the heated air within the air duct has a higher temperature than when the air emerges from the at least air outlet opening of the air duct. In this way, the air duct itself can act as a heat store, comparable to a radiator, and heat the ambient air inside the headlight housing.
- the radii of curvature and the angles of curvature of the first curved longitudinal axis section and of the headlight can be used at least the second curved longitudinal axis section be the same in each case.
- standardized air duct sections can advantageously be joined to one another in order to be able to bring the air duct as space-saving as possible and as close as possible to the sections of the headlight housing to be heated.
- the radii of curvature and / or the angles of curvature of the first curved longitudinal axis section and of the at least second curved longitudinal axis section can be different.
- This embodiment offers the advantage of being able to install an air duct that is as space-saving as possible within the headlight housing with individually designed air duct sections that are joined to one another.
- the angle of curvature of the at least one curved longitudinal axis section of the air duct is between 50 ° and 130 °, preferably between 60 ° and 120 °, particularly preferably between 70 ° and 110 °.
- the cited angles of curvature are to be understood to mean that these angles of curvature are measured relative to a longitudinal axis direction of a straight section of the air duct.
- a straight length section of the air duct can point upwards in the vertical axis direction, the air inlet opening together with the radiation emitter being located at the lower end of this vertically oriented air duct.
- a first curved longitudinal axis section can be curved, for example, between 50 ° and 130 ° in relation to the perpendicular axis direction. If the angle of curvature is selected to be greater than 90 ° in this case and is, for example, 120 ° in relation to the vertical axis direction, the free end of the air duct with its air outlet opening points downwards at an angle.
- a highest section is formed in which the heated air will collect before it moves downwards due to the convection flow - or in the case of the use of an additional fan blower due to the set forced flow Air outlet opening flows.
- This fact can advantageously be used, for example, in such a section of the air duct which is highest in relation to the respective installation position, to form an air collecting space which is connected to the air duct and in which the heated air can collect.
- This conceivable embodiment variant can, as already mentioned at the beginning - in a manner comparable to a heat exchanger - serve to ensure that heated air can collect within the air duct and the heated air within the air duct can Has a higher temperature than when the air emerges from the at least air outlet opening of the air duct.
- the radius of curvature of the at least one curved longitudinal axis section of the air duct can be from 0 mm to 100 mm, preferably from 1 mm to 80 mm.
- longitudinal axis sections of the air duct can thus also be used which have a kink, that is to say a curvature with a radius of curvature of 0 mm.
- the air duct can expediently be made from a wall material which is selected from the group consisting of: sheet steel, aluminum, aluminum alloys, metal matrix composite material, plastic, temperature-resistant plastic and / or a plastic composite material.
- thermoresistant plastics which are suitable as wall materials, may be mentioned as examples: PI polyimide, PEEK polyetheretherketone, PPS polyphenylene sulfide, PA polyamide, PBT polybutylene terephthalate, PET polyethylene terephthalate.
- the embodiment variant of a headlight according to the invention in which the radiation emitter is an infrared radiator, preferably a quartz radiator, a halogen radiator or an infrared lamp, can be particularly advantageous.
- Infrared lamps also called red light lamps or heat lamps
- a mostly red filter can be built into the infrared lamp in order to filter out the remaining (non-red) visible light.
- the illuminants used can also contain these filters directly in their glass envelope.
- the emitted radiation mainly only includes so-called near infrared radiation (NIR).
- a particularly economical and inexpensive variant of the invention is provided with a headlight in which the radiation emitter is a halogen lamp.
- standardized halogen lamps H11 or comparable lamps can be used as radiation emitters. This has the advantage that these are common spare parts that can be procured quickly and inexpensively. Depending on the design of the headlight, it is thus possible that a radiation emitter in the form of a halogen lamp can be exchanged easily and quickly by anyone.
- the air duct can expediently be equipped on its inner surfaces with a visible light-absorbing, light-shading coating, the light-shading coating preferably being dark, particularly preferably deep black.
- Appropriate light-shading coating materials can be obtained, for example, from ACM Coatings GmbH, a subsidiary of Acktar Ltd. Acktar (see https://www.acm-coatings.de/).
- Such light-absorbing coatings can be used, for example, in the form of direct coatings.
- Coatings in the form of foils or films can also be used. These are deep black coated foils and films with or without an adhesive layer, which can also be used to coat larger surface sections.
- excellent absorption values can be achieved with such light-absorbing films.
- such films can have a hemispherical reflection of less than 1% at wavelengths of 10 nm - 10,000 nm.
- the condensation protection device in the case of a headlight, can furthermore comprise a fan fan, which fan fan is connected to the air duct.
- a fan blower offers the advantage that the heated air flowing out of the air duct can, as a result of the forced flow caused by the fan blower, be directed particularly effectively to corresponding sections of the cover plate for defrosting. This is particularly advantageous in the case of larger headlight housings, for example of trucks, in order to quickly and effectively heat the correspondingly larger volumes within the headlight housing.
- the fan blower can be integrated in the air duct in a headlight.
- the fan blower can be arranged entirely or at least partially within the air duct.
- the fan blower is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the radiation emitter in order to transport the heated air away from the radiation emitter as quickly as possible within the air duct.
- the air outlet opening of the air duct is designed as a diffuser for uniform air distribution.
- the exit speed of the air from the air outlet opening is evened out or slowed down by using a diffuser.
- the air space within the headlight housing is heated as evenly as possible.
- a motor vehicle with at least one headlight according to the invention is also specified.
- Fig. 1 shows a first headlight 1 according to the invention with a condensation protection device 30.
- This is a headlight 1 for a motor vehicle.
- the headlamp 1 has a headlamp housing 10 including a cover plate 11 which, in a known manner, closes a light exit opening 12 which, when the headlamp 1 is installed in the motor vehicle, points forward in the direction of travel in the direction of a roadway.
- a light module 20 with several LED light sources 21 is located inside the headlight housing 10.
- the headlight 1 is equipped with a condensation protection device 30 which has an air duct 40 for guiding air 41. The air flow direction within the air duct 40 is here through a Arrow 41 symbolizes.
- the air duct 40 shown here is essentially vertically or slightly inclined upwards, fastened inside the headlight housing 10 and has an air inlet opening 42 at its lower end in the installed position and an air outlet opening 43 at its upper, curved end.
- the direction of the longitudinal axis of the straight length section of the air duct 40 is denoted by the reference symbol 44 to identify the longitudinal axis of the air duct 10.
- the air duct 10 is made here from a wall material 45, for example from a temperature-resistant plastic made of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT for short).
- An inner surface 46 of the air duct 40 is provided here with a light-shading coating 70 which largely absorbs visible light and prevents undesired light reflection.
- a curved longitudinal axis section 50 adjoins the straight longitudinal axis section 44 of the air duct 10.
- the air outlet opening 43 is thus oriented essentially horizontally in the direction of the upper edge of the cover plate 11.
- An angle of curvature 52 between the straight longitudinal axis section 44 of the air duct 10 and the curved longitudinal axis section 50 is slightly greater than 90 ° here.
- a radiation emitter 60 which is designed here as an inexpensive halogen lamp 65, is arranged at the lower end of the air duct 40 in the area of the air inlet opening 42.
- the heated air rises in the direction of arrow 41 within the air duct 40 from the bottom to the top and leaves the air duct 40 after the curved longitudinal axis section 50 through the air outlet opening 43.
- FIG Fig. 1 A convection flow is sketched in dashed lines, after which the heated air in the interior of the headlight housing 10 flows along the inside of the cover plate 11, is cooled there and then passes through the air inlet opening 42 into the air duct 40 at the lower edge of the headlight housing 10. In the air duct 40, the air is again heated by the radiation emitter 60 and rises again upwards in the direction of the arrow 43.
- FIG. 2 shows in schematic sketches possible variants of air ducts 40 with a curved ( Fig. 2a ) or a kinked ( Figure 2b ) Longitudinal section.
- the air ducts 40 shown here purely schematically are possible alternatives for installation, for example, in the in Fig. 1 to understand headlights 1 shown.
- the curved longitudinal axis section 50 which adjoins the upper end of the straight longitudinal axis section 44 of the air duct 40, has a radius of curvature 51 and an angle of curvature 52.
- the radius of curvature 51 is here - given an assumed overall length of the air duct 40 of approximately 100 mm - for example 10 mm.
- the angle of curvature 52 of the curved longitudinal axis section 50 in relation to the axis direction 44 of the straight longitudinal axis section of the air duct 40 is here for example 120 °.
- the air outlet opening 43 thus points obliquely downwards in the installation position of the air duct 40.
- a halogen lamp 65 is used here as the radiation emitter 60.
- the air duct 40 has a kink, that is to say a curved longitudinal axis section 55 with a radius of curvature 56 equal to zero or 0 mm.
- This kink is located between the lower straight longitudinal axis section 44 and the longitudinal axis section 44 of the air duct 40 adjoining this at an angle of curvature 57 or here at a kink angle 57.
- the selected angle of curvature 57 or here the kink angle 57 is, for example, 110 °.
- the lower straight longitudinal axis section 44 is oriented slightly obliquely upwards here.
- the upper or second straight longitudinal axis section 44 is oriented essentially horizontally here. In the installation position of the air duct 40, the air outlet opening 43 thus points approximately horizontally into a headlight housing (not shown).
- An infrared radiator 61 serves as the radiation emitter 60 here.
- Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment according to the invention of a headlamp 1 according to the invention with a condensation protection device 30 and a double-bent air duct 40 in the installation position within a headlamp housing 10.
- the first curved longitudinal axis section 50 forms an inflection point with a radius of curvature 51 with a radius of 0 mm and with an angle of curvature 52 of approximately 110 °.
- the second curved longitudinal axis section 55 of the air duct 40 forms a kink point with a radius of curvature 56 with a radius of 0 mm and with an angle of curvature 57 of approximately 90 °.
- the heated air flows out of the air outlet opening 43 in the direction of arrow 41 here obliquely upwards.
- Fig. 4 shows a further inventive embodiment of a headlamp 1 according to the invention with a condensation protection device 30 and a double-curved air duct 40 in the installation position within a headlamp housing 10.
- the first curved longitudinal axis section 50 has a radius of curvature 51 of 10 mm and an angle of curvature 52 of approximately 110 °.
- the second curved longitudinal axis section 55 of the air duct 40 has a radius of curvature 56 of 15 mm and an angle of curvature 57 of approximately 90 °.
- the heated air flows out of the air outlet opening 43 in the direction of arrow 41 obliquely upwards.
- a fan blower 80 is additionally provided to improve the convection.
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a headlight 1 according to the invention with a bifurcated, double-curved air duct 40 of a condensation protection device 30 in the installation position within the headlight housing 10.
- the air duct 40 has at its opposite ends two spaced air outlet openings 43, which are located at the upper and lower edge of the Headlamp housing 10 preheated air 41 in blow in the interior of the headlight housing 10.
- a radiation emitter 60 is located here approximately in the middle within the air duct 40.
- FIG. 6 shows in schematic sketches possible variants of air ducts 40 with a curved ( Figure 6a ) or a kinked ( Figure 6b ) Longitudinal section.
- the air channels 40 shown here each have an air outlet opening 43 which is shaped in the form of a diffuser 75. The exit speed of the preheated air is reduced and evened out by the diffuser 75 in a manner known per se.
- air ducts 40 are used, particularly gentle and uniform heating of the interior of the headlight housing 10 is achieved.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Scheinwerfer (1), umfassend ein Scheinwerfergehäuse (10) mit einer durch eine Abdeckscheibe (11) verschlossenen Lichtaustrittsöffnung (12), zumindest eine LED-Lichtquelle (21), die in zumindest einem im Scheinwerfergehäuse (10) positionierten Lichtmodul (20) zur Erzeugung einer vorgegebenen Lichtverteilung vor dem Scheinwerfer (1) angeordnet ist, sowie eine Betauungsschutzvorrichtung (30) mit zumindest einem Luftkanal (40) zum Führen von Luft (41) sowie mit zumindest einem Strahlungsemitter (60), wobei der zumindest eine Luftkanal (40) eine Lufteintrittsöffnung (42) und zumindest eine Luftaustrittsöffnung (43) aufweist und die Luftaustrittsöffnung (43) vorzugsweise der Abdeckscheibe (11) zugewandt ist, sowie die in dem Luftkanal (40) geführte Luft (41) mit der vom Strahlungsemitter (60) erzeugten Wärmestrahlung erwärmbar ist. Der zumindest eine Strahlungsemitter (60) ist innerhalb des Luftkanals (40) im Bereich der Lufteintrittsöffnung (42) angeordnet, wobei der Luftkanal (40) aus einem Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden sowie lichtundurchlässigen Wandmaterial (45) gefertigt ist und der Luftkanal (40) zwischen der Lufteintrittsöffnung (42) und der Luftaustrittsöffnung (43) zumindest einen gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitt (50) mit einem Krümmungsradius (51) und einem Krümmungswinkel (52) aufweist.The invention relates to a headlight (1), comprising a headlight housing (10) with a light exit opening (12) closed by a cover plate (11), at least one LED light source (21) which is positioned in at least one light module (10) positioned in the headlight housing (10). 20) is arranged in front of the headlight (1) to generate a predetermined light distribution, as well as a condensation protection device (30) with at least one air duct (40) for guiding air (41) and with at least one radiation emitter (60), the at least one air duct (40) has an air inlet opening (42) and at least one air outlet opening (43) and the air outlet opening (43) preferably faces the cover plate (11), as well as the air (41) guided in the air duct (40) with that from the radiation emitter (60) ) generated thermal radiation can be heated. The at least one radiation emitter (60) is arranged within the air duct (40) in the area of the air inlet opening (42), the air duct (40) being made of an infrared radiation reflecting and opaque wall material (45) and the air duct (40) between the air inlet opening (42) and the air outlet opening (43) has at least one curved longitudinal axis section (50) with a radius of curvature (51) and an angle of curvature (52).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Scheinwerfer, insbesondere einen Kraftfahrzeug-Scheinwerfer, umfassend ein Scheinwerfergehäuse mit einer durch eine Abdeckscheibe verschlossenen Lichtaustrittsöffnung, zumindest eine LED-Lichtquelle, die in zumindest einem im Scheinwerfergehäuse positionierten Lichtmodul zur Erzeugung einer vorgegebenen Lichtverteilung vor dem Scheinwerfer angeordnet ist, sowie eine im Scheinwerfergehäuse angeordnete Betauungsschutzvorrichtung mit zumindest einem Luftkanal zum Führen von Luft sowie mit zumindest einem Strahlungsemitter, wobei der zumindest eine Luftkanal eine Lufteintrittsöffnung und zumindest eine Luftaustrittsöffnung aufweist und die Luftaustrittsöffnung vorzugsweise der Abdeckscheibe zugewandt ist, sowie die in dem Luftkanal geführte Luft mit der vom Strahlungsemitter erzeugten Wärmestrahlung erwärmbar ist.The invention relates to a headlight, in particular a motor vehicle headlight, comprising a headlight housing with a light exit opening closed by a cover plate, at least one LED light source which is arranged in at least one light module positioned in the headlight housing for generating a predetermined light distribution in front of the headlight, and a Dew protection device arranged in the headlamp housing with at least one air duct for guiding air and with at least one radiation emitter, the at least one air duct having an air inlet opening and at least one air outlet opening and the air outlet opening preferably facing the cover panel, as well as the air guided in the air duct with that from the radiation emitter generated thermal radiation can be heated.
Bei Scheinwerfern, insbesondere bei Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfern, kommt es häufig zur unerwünschten Bildung von Wassertropfen oder Wasserfilmen und/oder zur Bildung von Eisfilmen, die bei ungünstigen Wetterbedingungen beispielsweise bei Regen, Schneefall, Nebel oder Eisnebel durch Abscheidung von überschüssiger Feuchte aus der Luft infolge von Kondensation oder Reifbildung entstehen können.In the case of headlights, especially motor vehicle headlights, there is often the undesired formation of water droplets or water films and / or the formation of ice films, which in unfavorable weather conditions, for example rain, snowfall, fog or ice fog, occur through the separation of excess moisture from the air as a result of condensation or Frost can develop.
Generell wird als Kondenswasser bzw. Schwitzwasser oder Tauwasser dasjenige Wasser bezeichnet, das sich an einer kühlen Oberfläche von Gegenständen niederschlägt, sobald wasserdampfhaltige Luft oder wasserdampfhaltiges Gas dort unter den Taupunkt abgekühlt wird. Die Kondensation auf technischen Gegenständen wie beispielsweise auf Abdeckscheiben oder im Gehäuseinnenraum von Fahrzeugscheinwerfern wird als Betauung oder als Beschlag bezeichnet.In general, water that is condensed on a cool surface of objects as soon as air or gas containing water vapor is cooled below the dew point is generally referred to as condensation water or condensation water. Condensation on technical objects such as cover panes or in the interior of vehicle headlights is referred to as condensation or fogging.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind bereits unterschiedliche Ausführungen von Scheinwerfer-Begleitheizungen, die als Betauungsschutz dienen, bekannt. Beispielsweise betrifft das Dokument
Das Dokument
Weiters ist aus dem Dokument
Nachteilig an dieser Ausführung ist zumindest, dass die Abwärme der Leuchtdioden meist zu gering ist, um bei extremen Witterungsbedingungen bei Schneefall oder Nebel bzw. bei besonders tiefen Temperaturen eine ausreichende Begleitheizung der Abdeckscheibe des Scheinwerfers zu gewährleisten. Weiters sind die vorgesehenen Wärmeleitmittel sowie ein zusätzlich erforderlicher Wärmetauscher zur Temperaturregelung des Luftstroms apparativ aufwendig und teuer.The disadvantage of this embodiment is at least that the waste heat from the light-emitting diodes is usually too low to ensure adequate heating of the cover plate of the headlight in extreme weather conditions with snowfall or fog or at particularly low temperatures. Furthermore, the intended heat transfer agent and a additionally required heat exchanger for temperature control of the air flow complex and expensive in terms of apparatus.
Moderne LED-Scheinwerfer sind so konstruiert, dass von den Leuchtdioden möglichst wenig Abwärme erzeugt wird. Im laufenden Betrieb des Scheinwerfers kann ein Luftstrom in direktem Kontakt mit einem Kühlkörper, der üblicherweise an der Rückseite der leuchtenden Flächen der Leuchtdioden angeordnet ist, meist Temperaturen von maximal 80° bis 100°C erreichen, wobei der Luftstrom jedoch auf seinem Weg bis zur Abdeckscheibe bereits wieder stark abgekühlt ist. Es sind daher die bisher bekannt gewordenen Konzepte für ein rasches Enteisen und Abtauen von Abdeckscheiben bzw. zur Vermeidung von unerwünschter Kondensatbildung von Fahrzeugen ungeeignet, sofern es sich um LED-Fahrzeugscheinwerfer handelt.Modern LED headlights are designed in such a way that the light-emitting diodes generate as little waste heat as possible. When the headlight is in operation, an air flow in direct contact with a heat sink, which is usually located on the back of the luminous surfaces of the light emitting diodes, can usually reach temperatures of a maximum of 80 ° to 100 ° C, although the air flow makes its way to the cover pane has already cooled down significantly. The previously known concepts for rapid de-icing and defrosting of cover panes or for avoiding undesirable condensation in vehicles are therefore unsuitable if they are LED vehicle headlights.
Auch die aus dem Dokument
Nachteilig an dieser Ausführung ist der ebenfalls hohe konstruktive Aufwand, nämlich den Luftkanal so anzuordnen, dass dieser Luftkanal durch den Reflektor hindurch ragt und eine Verbindung zwischen dem Innenraum des Fahrzeugscheinwerfers und dem Motorraum bildet, ohne dabei die gewünschte Lichtverteilung des Reflektors zu stören. Weiters ist von Nachteil, dass die Wirkung dieser Abtauvorrichtung für den Scheinwerfer erst dann einsetzt, wenn die Betriebstemperatur der Verbrennungskraftmaschine im Motorraum entsprechend hohe Werte beispielsweise von über 100°C erreicht. Ein rasches Abtauen und Enteisen der Abdeckscheiben des Fahrzeugscheinwerfers ist auch mit dieser aufwendigen Vorrichtung nicht möglich.The disadvantage of this design is the high structural effort, namely to arrange the air duct in such a way that this air duct protrudes through the reflector and forms a connection between the interior of the vehicle headlight and the engine compartment without disturbing the desired light distribution of the reflector. Another disadvantage is that this defrosting device only starts to work for the headlight when the operating temperature of the internal combustion engine in the engine compartment reaches correspondingly high values, for example of over 100 ° C. Rapid defrosting and defrosting of the cover panes of the vehicle headlight is not possible even with this complex device.
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich daher die Aufgabe, einen Scheinwerfer mit einer Betauungsschutzvorrichtung zur Begleitheizung des Scheinwerfers bereitzustellen, der die geschilderten Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet. Wobei die Betauungsschutzvorrichtung eine möglichst kurze Enteisungszeit der Abdeckscheiben des damit ausgerüsteten Scheinwerfers gewährleisten soll. Weiters soll die Betauungsschutzvorrichtung in ihrer Konstruktionsweise einfach aufgebaut im Inneren des Fahrzeugscheinwerfers integriert sein, sowie im laufenden Heizungsbetrieb kostengünstig und möglichst wartungsfrei sein.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a headlight with a condensation protection device for accompanying heating of the headlight, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art described. The anti-condensation device is intended to ensure the shortest possible defrosting time for the cover panes of the headlamp equipped with it. Furthermore, the condensation protection device should be constructed in a simple manner inside the Be integrated into the vehicle headlights, and be inexpensive and as maintenance-free as possible when the heating system is running.
Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Aufgaben bei einem gattungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer mit den Merkmalen des kennzeichnenden Teiles von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Fortbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung dargelegt.According to the invention, these objects are achieved in a generic headlight with the features of the characterizing part of
Die Erfindung stellt weiters auch ein Kraftfahrzeug mit zumindest einem Scheinwerfer mit einer Betauungsvorrichtung bereit.The invention also provides a motor vehicle with at least one headlight with a condensation device.
Erfindungsgemäß ist bei einem Scheinwerfer, insbesondere einem Kraftfahrzeug-Scheinwerfer, der ein Scheinwerfergehäuse mit einer durch eine Abdeckscheibe verschlossenen Lichtaustrittsöffnung, zumindest eine LED-Lichtquelle, die in zumindest einem im Scheinwerfergehäuse positionierten Lichtmodul zur Erzeugung einer vorgegebenen Lichtverteilung vor dem Scheinwerfer angeordnet ist, eine im Scheinwerfergehäuse angeordnete Betauungsschutzvorrichtung mit zumindest einem Luftkanal zum Führen von Luft sowie zumindest einen Strahlungsemitter umfasst, wobei der zumindest eine Luftkanal eine Lufteintrittsöffnung und zumindest eine Luftaustrittsöffnung aufweist und die zumindest eine Luftaustrittsöffnung vorzugsweise der Abdeckscheibe zugewandt ist, sowie die in dem Luftkanal geführte Luft mit der vom Strahlungsemitter erzeugten Wärmestrahlung erwärmbar ist, der zumindest eine Strahlungsemitter innerhalb des Luftkanals im Bereich der Lufteintrittsöffnung angeordnet, wobei der Luftkanal aus einem Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden sowie lichtundurchlässigen Wandmaterial gefertigt ist und der Luftkanal zwischen der Lufteintrittsöffnung und der zumindest einen Luftaustrittsöffnung zumindest einen gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitt mit einem Krümmungsradius und einem Krümmungswinkel aufweist.According to the invention, in a headlight, in particular a motor vehicle headlight, which has a headlight housing with a light exit opening closed by a cover plate, at least one LED light source, which is arranged in at least one light module positioned in the headlight housing for generating a predetermined light distribution in front of the headlight, is an im Headlight housing arranged dew protection device with at least one air duct for guiding air and at least one radiation emitter, wherein the at least one air duct has an air inlet opening and at least one air outlet opening and the at least one air outlet opening preferably faces the cover panel, as well as the air guided in the air duct with the from Radiation emitter generated heat radiation can be heated, the at least one radiation emitter is arranged within the air duct in the area of the air inlet opening, the air duct consisting of an I. Infrared radiation reflecting and opaque wall material is made and the air duct between the air inlet opening and the at least one air outlet opening has at least one curved longitudinal axis section with a radius of curvature and an angle of curvature.
Zweckmäßig wird bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer der Luftkanal der Betauungsschutzvorrichtung so gestaltet, dass bei der Einspeisung von Wärmestrahlung in Form von Infrarotstrahlung durch den innerhalb des Luftkanals angeordneten Strahlungsemitter der Austritt von sichtbarem Licht an der zumindest einen Luftaustrittsöffnung vermieden wird. Dies wird durch zumindest einen gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitt zwischen der Lufteintrittsöffnung, an der der Strahlungsemitter angeordnet ist, und der Luftaustrittsöffnung gewährleistet. Der zumindest eine Luftkanal kann dabei eine oder mehrere gekrümmte Abschnitte aufweisen. Der Luftkanal ist dabei so geformt, dass sichtbare Wärmestrahlungsanteile des Strahlungsemitters an den Innenflächen der gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitte des Luftkanals entsprechend reflektiert bzw. totalreflektiert werden. Außerdem ist der Luftkanal aus einem Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden sowie lichtundurchlässigen Wandmaterial gefertigt.In a headlight according to the invention, the air duct of the anti-condensation device is expediently designed in such a way that when thermal radiation is fed in in the form of infrared radiation through the radiation emitter arranged within the air duct, the escape of visible light at the at least one air outlet opening is avoided. This is ensured by at least one curved longitudinal axis section between the air inlet opening on which the radiation emitter is arranged and the air outlet opening. The at least one air duct can have one or more curved sections. The air duct is shaped in such a way that visible heat radiation components of the radiation emitter are correspondingly reflected or totally reflected on the inner surfaces of the curved longitudinal axis sections of the air duct. In addition, the air duct is made of a wall material that reflects infrared radiation and is impermeable to light.
Zur Definition, was im Rahmen der vorliegenden Anmeldung unter dem Begriff der Krümmung bzw. unter einem gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitt verstanden wird:
Unter der Krümmung einer ebenen Kurve versteht man die Richtungsänderung beim Durchlaufen der Kurve. Die Krümmung einer Geraden ist überall gleich null, weil sich ihre Richtung nicht ändert. Ein Kreis(bogen) mit dem Radius r hat überall gleiche Krümmung, denn seine Richtung ändert sich überall gleich stark. Je kleiner der Radius des Kreises ist, desto größer ist seine Krümmung. Als Maß für die Krümmung eines Kreises dient die Größe
The curvature of a flat curve is the change in direction when going through the curve. The curvature of a straight line is zero everywhere because its direction does not change. A circle (arc) with the radius r has the same curvature everywhere, because its direction changes equally strongly everywhere. The smaller the radius of the circle, the greater its curvature. The size is used as a measure of the curvature of a circle
Unter einem gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitt des Luftkanals ist im Extremfall für einen für einen Krümmungsradius = 0 (null) auch ein solcher Knickpunkt des Luftkanals zu verstehen. Ein Luftkanal einer erfindungsgemäßen Betauungsschutzvorrichtung kann somit einen oder mehrere Knickpunkte zu verstehen. Somit ist auch ein Luftkanal, der aus zwei oder mehreren geraden Luftkanalabschnitten besteht, deren Längsachsen in Form eines offenen polygonen Linienzuges einen oder mehrere Knickpunkte aufweisen, von der Erfindung mitumfasst.In the extreme case, a curved longitudinal axis section of the air duct is also to be understood as such an inflection point of the air duct for a radius of curvature = 0 (zero). An air duct of a condensation protection device according to the invention can thus be understood to mean one or more kink points. Thus, an air duct that consists of two or more straight air duct sections, the longitudinal axes of which in the form of an open polygonal line has one or more inflection points, is also encompassed by the invention.
Der Querschnitt des Luftkanals ist keinen gestalterischen Grenzen unterworfen. Der Luftkanal kann abschnittsweise oder auch durchgehend beispielsweise quadratischen, rechteckigen, dreieckigen, kreisförmigen oder elliptischen Querschnitt aufweisen. Der Luftkanal kann daher - je nach Anforderung und Platzbedarf des Scheinwerfers - zumindest abschnittsweise schachtförmig eckig oder aber rohrförmig rund sein. Weiters kann sich im Rahmen der Erfindung der Luftkanal beispielsweise Y-förmig aufgabeln und zwei oder mehrere Luftaustrittsöffnungen aufweisen, aus denen jeweils erwärmte Luft zur Beheizung der Abdeckscheibe abstrahlt. Ebenso können mehrere Lufteintrittsöffnungen in einer gemeinsamen Luftaustrittsöffnung des Luftkanals münden. Die zumindest eine Luftaustrittsöffnung ist vorzugsweise der Abdeckscheibe des Scheinwerfers zugewandt oder zumindest so orientiert, dass die aus der zumindest einen Luftaustrittsöffnung ausströmende erwärmte Luft möglichst direkt in Richtung zur Abdeckscheibe hingeleitet wird.The cross-section of the air duct is not subject to any design limits. The air duct can have a square, rectangular, triangular, circular or elliptical cross-section, for example, in sections or also continuously. The air duct can therefore - depending on the requirements and space requirements of the headlight - at least in sections be angular in the shape of a shaft or else round in the shape of a tube. Furthermore, within the scope of the invention, the air duct can fork in a Y-shape, for example, and have two or more air outlet openings, from each of which heated air radiates in order to heat the cover pane. Likewise, several air inlet openings can open into a common air outlet opening of the air duct. The at least one air outlet opening is preferably facing the cover plate of the headlight or at least oriented in such a way that the air outlet opening from the at least one air outlet opening outflowing heated air is guided as directly as possible in the direction of the cover plate.
Wie dem Fachmann hinlänglich bekannt ist weist ein Lichtmodul mindestens eine Lichtquelle zum Aussenden des Lichts zur Erzeugung der Lichtverteilung auf, die hier als eine Leuchtdiode (LED) ausgebildet ist. Zur Erzeugung der gewünschten Lichtverteilung weist das Lichtmodul beispielsweise eine Primäroptik, zum Beispiel in Form eines Reflektors und/oder einer TIR (Total Internal Reflection)-Vorsatzoptik, zum Bündeln des von der Halbleiterlichtquelle ausgesandten Lichts auf. Außerdem kann das Lichtmodul auch eine Sekundäroptik, zum Beispiel in Form einer Sammellinse, im Strahlengang des ausgesandten Lichts aufweisen, wobei die Sekundäroptik das gebündelte Licht zur Erzeugung der Lichtverteilung auf die Fahrbahn vor das Fahrzeug projiziert. Falls die Lichtverteilung eine abgeblendete Lichtverteilung beispielsweise in Form von Abblendlicht oder Nebellicht ist, so kann in dem Lichtmodul zwischen der Primäroptik und der Sekundäroptik noch eine Blendenanordnung vorgesehen sein, deren Oberkante (bei einer vertikalen Blendenanordnung) oder deren Vorderkante (bei einer horizontalen Blendenanordnung) als Hell-Dunkel-Grenze auf die Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug projiziert wird.As is well known to those skilled in the art, a light module has at least one light source for emitting the light to generate the light distribution, which is designed here as a light-emitting diode (LED). To generate the desired light distribution, the light module has, for example, primary optics, for example in the form of a reflector and / or TIR (Total Internal Reflection) attachment optics, for bundling the light emitted by the semiconductor light source. In addition, the light module can also have secondary optics, for example in the form of a converging lens, in the beam path of the emitted light, the secondary optics projecting the bundled light to generate the light distribution onto the roadway in front of the vehicle. If the light distribution is a shielded light distribution, for example in the form of low beam or fog light, then a diaphragm arrangement can be provided in the light module between the primary optics and the secondary optics, the top edge of which (in the case of a vertical diaphragm arrangement) or its front edge (in the case of a horizontal diaphragm arrangement) as The cut-off line is projected onto the road in front of the vehicle.
Generell wird im Weiteren die Zuordnung der Begriffe hinsichtlich eines Ortes oder einer Orientierung, wie beispielsweise "horizontal", "vertikal", "in horizontaler Richtung", "in vertikaler Richtung", "oben", "unten", "vorne", "darunter", "darüber" etc. lediglich zur Vereinfachung gewählt und diese Begriffe beziehen sich möglicherweise auf die Darstellung in den Zeichnungen, nicht jedoch notwendigerweise auf eine aktuelle Gebrauchslage oder Einbaulage der Betauungsschutzvorrichtung oder des Luftkanals in Bezug auf den Scheinwerfer bzw. dessen Scheinwerfergehäuse.In general, the assignment of the terms with regard to a location or an orientation, such as "horizontal", "vertical", "in the horizontal direction", "in the vertical direction", "above", "below", "in front", " underneath "," above "etc. chosen only for the sake of simplicity and these terms may relate to the representation in the drawings, but not necessarily to a current position of use or installation position of the condensation protection device or the air duct in relation to the headlight or its headlight housing.
In einer vorteilhaften Variante der Erfindung kann bei einem Scheinwerfer der Luftkanal zwischen der Lufteintrittsöffnung und der Luftaustrittsöffnung einen ersten gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitt sowie von diesem in Längsachsenrichtung des Luftkanals beabstandet zumindest einen weiteren, zweiten gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitt aufweisen. Durch eine verlängerte Bauform des Luftkanals kann die erwärmte Luft möglichst nahe an die zu beheizenden Abschnitte des Scheinwerfergehäuses herangeführt werden. Ebenso ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung möglich, den Luftkanal vergleichbar mit einem Wärmetauscher solcherart auszuführen, dass sich innerhalb des Luftkanals erwärmte Luft ansammeln kann und die erwärmte Luft innerhalb des Luftkanals eine höhere Temperatur aufweist als beim Austritt der Luft aus der zumindest Luftaustrittsöffnung des Luftkanals. Somit kann der Luftkanal vergleichbar mit einem Heizkörper selbst als Wärmespeicher wirken und die Umgebungsluft innerhalb des Scheinwerfergehäuses erwärmen.In an advantageous variant of the invention, in a headlight, the air duct can have a first curved longitudinal axis section between the air inlet opening and the air outlet opening and at least one further, second curved longitudinal axis section spaced therefrom in the longitudinal axis direction of the air duct. The heated air can be brought as close as possible to the sections of the headlight housing to be heated by means of an elongated design of the air duct. It is also possible within the scope of the invention to make the air duct comparable to a heat exchanger in such a way that heated air can collect within the air duct and the heated air within the air duct has a higher temperature than when the air emerges from the at least air outlet opening of the air duct. In this way, the air duct itself can act as a heat store, comparable to a radiator, and heat the ambient air inside the headlight housing.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung können bei einem Scheinwerfer die Krümmungsradien sowie die Krümmungswinkel des ersten gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitts sowie des zumindest zweiten gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitts jeweils gleich sein. In dieser Ausführung können vorteilhaft standardisierte Luftkanalabschnitte aneinander gefügt werden, um so den Luftkanal möglichst platzsparend sowie nahe an die zu beheizenden Abschnitte des Scheinwerfergehäuses heranführen zu können.In a further development of the invention, the radii of curvature and the angles of curvature of the first curved longitudinal axis section and of the headlight can be used at least the second curved longitudinal axis section be the same in each case. In this embodiment, standardized air duct sections can advantageously be joined to one another in order to be able to bring the air duct as space-saving as possible and as close as possible to the sections of the headlight housing to be heated.
In einer alternativen Ausführung können bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer die Krümmungsradien und/oder die Krümmungswinkel des ersten gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitts sowie des zumindest zweiten gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitts unterschiedlich sein. Diese Ausführung bietet den Vorteil, mit individuell gestalteten Luftkanalabschnitten, die aneinandergefügt werden, einen möglichst platzsparenden Luftkanal innerhalb des Scheinwerfergehäuses einbauen zu können.In an alternative embodiment, in a headlight according to the invention, the radii of curvature and / or the angles of curvature of the first curved longitudinal axis section and of the at least second curved longitudinal axis section can be different. This embodiment offers the advantage of being able to install an air duct that is as space-saving as possible within the headlight housing with individually designed air duct sections that are joined to one another.
Besonders vorteilhaft kann es sein, wenn bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer der Krümmungswinkel des zumindest einen gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitts des Luftkanals zwischen 50° und 130°, bevorzugt zwischen 60° und 120°, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 70° und 110°, beträgt. Die angeführten Krümmungswinkel sind so zu verstehen, dass diese Krümmungswinkel relativ zu einer Längsachsenrichtung eines geraden Abschnitts des Luftkanals gemessen werden.It can be particularly advantageous if, in a headlight according to the invention, the angle of curvature of the at least one curved longitudinal axis section of the air duct is between 50 ° and 130 °, preferably between 60 ° and 120 °, particularly preferably between 70 ° and 110 °. The cited angles of curvature are to be understood to mean that these angles of curvature are measured relative to a longitudinal axis direction of a straight section of the air duct.
Je nach Orientierung und Einbaulage des Luftkanals in Bezug zum Scheinwerfergehäuse kann beispielsweise ein solcher gerader Längenabschnitt des Luftkanals in senkrechter Achsenrichtung nach oben weisen, wobei sich am unteren Ende dieses senkrecht ausgerichteten Luftkanals die Lufteintrittsöffnung mitsamt dem Strahlungsemitter befindet. In Bezug zu dieser angenommenen senkrechten Bezugsachse kann ein erster gekrümmter Längsachsenabschnitt beispielhaft zwischen 50° und 130° in Bezug zur senkrechten Achsenrichtung gekrümmt sein. Sofern der Krümmungswinkel in diesem Fall größer als 90° gewählt wird und beispielsweise 120° in Bezug zur senkrechten Achsenrichtung beträgt, so weist das freie Ende des Luftkanals mit seiner Luftaustrittsöffnung schräg nach unten. Es bildet sich somit im Bereich des gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitts gemäß dieser angenommenen Einbaulage des Luftkanals ein höchstgelegener Abschnitt, in dem sich die erwärmte Luft ansammeln wird, bevor sie aufgrund der Konvektionsströmung - oder im Falle des Einsatzes eines zusätzlichen Lüftergebläses aufgrund der eingestellten Zwangsströmung - nach unten zur Luftaustrittsöffnung strömt. Dieser Umstand kann vorteilhaft ausgenutzt werden, um beispielsweise an einem solchen in Bezug zur jeweiligen Einbaulage höchstgelegenen Abschnitt des Luftkanals ein Luftsammelraum ausgebildet ist, der mit dem Luftkanal verbunden ist und in dem sich die erwärmte Luft ansammeln kann. Auch diese denkbare Ausführungsvariante kann wie eingangs bereits erwähnt - vergleichbar mit einem Wärmetauscher - dazu dienen, dass sich innerhalb des Luftkanals erwärmte Luft ansammeln kann und die erwärmte Luft innerhalb des Luftkanals eine höhere Temperatur aufweist als beim Austritt der Luft aus der zumindest Luftaustrittsöffnung des Luftkanals.Depending on the orientation and installation position of the air duct in relation to the headlight housing, for example, such a straight length section of the air duct can point upwards in the vertical axis direction, the air inlet opening together with the radiation emitter being located at the lower end of this vertically oriented air duct. In relation to this assumed perpendicular reference axis, a first curved longitudinal axis section can be curved, for example, between 50 ° and 130 ° in relation to the perpendicular axis direction. If the angle of curvature is selected to be greater than 90 ° in this case and is, for example, 120 ° in relation to the vertical axis direction, the free end of the air duct with its air outlet opening points downwards at an angle. In the area of the curved longitudinal axis section, according to this assumed installation position of the air duct, a highest section is formed in which the heated air will collect before it moves downwards due to the convection flow - or in the case of the use of an additional fan blower due to the set forced flow Air outlet opening flows. This fact can advantageously be used, for example, in such a section of the air duct which is highest in relation to the respective installation position, to form an air collecting space which is connected to the air duct and in which the heated air can collect. This conceivable embodiment variant can, as already mentioned at the beginning - in a manner comparable to a heat exchanger - serve to ensure that heated air can collect within the air duct and the heated air within the air duct can Has a higher temperature than when the air emerges from the at least air outlet opening of the air duct.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung kann bei einem Scheinwerfer der Krümmungsradius des zumindest einen gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitts des Luftkanals von 0 mm bis 100 mm, bevorzugt von 1 mm bis 80 mm, betragen. Je nach Ausführungsform können somit auch Längsachsenabschnitte des Luftkanals eingesetzt werden, die einen Knick, also eine Krümmung mit einem Krümmungsradius von 0 mm aufweisen.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, in a headlight, the radius of curvature of the at least one curved longitudinal axis section of the air duct can be from 0 mm to 100 mm, preferably from 1 mm to 80 mm. Depending on the embodiment, longitudinal axis sections of the air duct can thus also be used which have a kink, that is to say a curvature with a radius of curvature of 0 mm.
Zweckmäßig kann bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer der Luftkanal aus einem Wandmaterial hergestellt sein, welches ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus: Stahlblech, Aluminium, Aluminium-Legierungen, Metallmatrix-Verbundwerkstoff, Kunststoff, temperaturbeständiger Kunststoff und/oder aus einem Kunststoff-Komposit-Werkstoff.In a headlight according to the invention, the air duct can expediently be made from a wall material which is selected from the group consisting of: sheet steel, aluminum, aluminum alloys, metal matrix composite material, plastic, temperature-resistant plastic and / or a plastic composite material.
Beispielhaft seien die folgenden temperaturbeständigen Kunststoffe genannt, die als Wandmaterialien geeignet sind: PI Polyimid, PEEK Polyetheretherketon, PPS Polyphenylensulfid, PA Polyamid, PBT Polybutylenterephtalat, PET Polyethylenterephtalat. Vorteilhaft können somit Materialien zur Herstellung des Luftkanals verwendet werden, die für die Herstellung von Scheinwerfern, insbesondere von Kraftfahrzeug-Scheinwerfern, an sich bereits etabliert sind.The following temperature-resistant plastics, which are suitable as wall materials, may be mentioned as examples: PI polyimide, PEEK polyetheretherketone, PPS polyphenylene sulfide, PA polyamide, PBT polybutylene terephthalate, PET polyethylene terephthalate. Materials that are already established per se for the manufacture of headlights, in particular motor vehicle headlights, can thus advantageously be used to manufacture the air duct.
Besonders vorteilhaft kann die Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfers sein, bei dem der Strahlungsemitter ein Infrarotstrahler, vorzugsweise ein Quarzstrahler, ein Halogenstrahler oder eine Infrarotlampe, ist.The embodiment variant of a headlight according to the invention in which the radiation emitter is an infrared radiator, preferably a quartz radiator, a halogen radiator or an infrared lamp, can be particularly advantageous.
Zweckmäßig können besonders günstige, gängige Infrarotstrahler als Strahlungsemitter verwendet werden. Bei einem Quarzstrahler befindet sich ein vom elektrischen Strom durchflossene Heizwiderstand üblicherweise in einem mit Inertgas gefüllten Quarzrohr. Daher kann die Temperatur des Heizdrahtes höher als bei einem konventionellen Heizstrahler gewählt werden. Ein Halogenstrahler hat meist einen höheren Wirkungsgrad höher als ein Quarzstrahler. Halogenstrahler werden unter anderem auch zu Kochzwecken unter Ceranplatten eingesetzt. Infrarotlampen (auch Rotlichtlampen oder Wärmelampen genannt) sind Lampen, die ganz überwiegend nicht sichtbare Wärmestrahlung abgeben. Dazu kann in die Infrarotlampe ein zumeist roter Filter eingebaut sein, um das restliche (nicht-rote) sichtbare Licht herauszufiltern. Auch können die eingesetzten Leuchtmittel diese Filter in ihrer Glasumhüllung direkt enthalten. Die emittierte Strahlung umfasst dann neben dem (noch sichtbaren) roten Lichtanteil hauptsächlich nur noch sogenannte nahe Infrarotstrahlung (NIR).Particularly cheap, common infrared emitters can expediently be used as radiation emitters. In the case of a quartz heater, a heating resistor through which an electric current flows is usually located in a quartz tube filled with inert gas. Therefore, the temperature of the heating wire can be selected to be higher than with a conventional radiant heater. A halogen spotlight usually has a higher degree of efficiency than a quartz spotlight. Halogen spotlights are also used for cooking purposes under ceran plates. Infrared lamps (also called red light lamps or heat lamps) are lamps that emit mostly invisible heat radiation. For this purpose, a mostly red filter can be built into the infrared lamp in order to filter out the remaining (non-red) visible light. The illuminants used can also contain these filters directly in their glass envelope. In addition to the (still visible) red light component, the emitted radiation mainly only includes so-called near infrared radiation (NIR).
Eine besonders wirtschaftliche und kostengünstige Variante der Erfindung wird mit einem Scheinwerfer bereitgestellt, bei dem der Strahlungsemitter ein Halogen-Leuchtmittel ist.A particularly economical and inexpensive variant of the invention is provided with a headlight in which the radiation emitter is a halogen lamp.
Beispielsweise können standardisierte Halogen-Leuchtmittel H11 oder vergleichbare Leuchtmittel als Strahlungsemitter eingesetzt werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass es sich dabei um gängige Ersatzteile handelt, die rasch und kostengünstig beschafft werden können. Je nach Ausführung des Scheinwerfers ist es somit möglich, dass der Tausch eines Strahlungsemitters in Form eines Halogen-Leuchtmittels von jedermann einfach und rasch durchgeführt werden kann.For example, standardized halogen lamps H11 or comparable lamps can be used as radiation emitters. This has the advantage that these are common spare parts that can be procured quickly and inexpensively. Depending on the design of the headlight, it is thus possible that a radiation emitter in the form of a halogen lamp can be exchanged easily and quickly by anyone.
Zweckmäßig kann bei einem Scheinwerfer gemäß der Erfindung der Luftkanal an seinen Innenflächen mit einer sichtbares Licht absorbierenden, lichtabschattenden Beschichtung ausgerüstet sein, wobei die lichtabschattende Beschichtung vorzugsweise dunkel, besonders bevorzugt tiefschwarz, ist.In a headlight according to the invention, the air duct can expediently be equipped on its inner surfaces with a visible light-absorbing, light-shading coating, the light-shading coating preferably being dark, particularly preferably deep black.
Entsprechende lichtabschattende Beschichtungsmaterialien können beispielsweise von der Firma ACM Coatings GmbH, einem Tochterunternehmen der Acktar Ltd. Acktar (siehe https://www.acm-coatings.de/) bezogen werden. Solche lichtabsorbierenden Beschichtungen können beispielsweise in Form von Direktbeschichtungen eingesetzt werden. Ebenso können Beschichtungen in Form von Folien oder Filmen eingesetzt werden. Dabei handelt es sich um tiefschwarz beschichtete Folien und Filme mit oder ohne Klebeschicht, mit denen man auch größere Flächenabschnitte beschichten kann. Je nach verwendetem Beschichtungsmaterial können mit solchen lichtabsorbierenden Folien hervorragende Absorptionswerte erzielt werden. Beispielsweise können solche Folien bei Wellenlängen von 10 nm - 10.000 nm eine hemisphärische Reflexion von unter 1% aufweisen.Appropriate light-shading coating materials can be obtained, for example, from ACM Coatings GmbH, a subsidiary of Acktar Ltd. Acktar (see https://www.acm-coatings.de/). Such light-absorbing coatings can be used, for example, in the form of direct coatings. Coatings in the form of foils or films can also be used. These are deep black coated foils and films with or without an adhesive layer, which can also be used to coat larger surface sections. Depending on the coating material used, excellent absorption values can be achieved with such light-absorbing films. For example, such films can have a hemispherical reflection of less than 1% at wavelengths of 10 nm - 10,000 nm.
In einer weiteren zweckmäßigen Erfindungsvariante kann bei einem Scheinwerfer die Betauungsschutzvorrichtung weiterhin ein Lüftergebläse umfassen, welches Lüftergebläse mit dem Luftkanal verbunden ist. Ein Lüftergebläse bietet den Vorteil, dass die aus dem Luftkanal ausströmende erwärmte Luft infolge der Zwangsströmung, die durch das Lüftergebläse verursacht wird, besonders effektiv zum Abtauen auf entsprechende Abschnitte der Abdeckscheibe ausgerichtet werden kann. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft bei größeren Scheinwerfergehäusen beispielsweise von Lastkraftfahrzeugen, um die entsprechend größeren Volumina innerhalb des Scheinwerfergehäuses rasch und effektiv zu erwärmen.In a further expedient variant of the invention, in the case of a headlight, the condensation protection device can furthermore comprise a fan fan, which fan fan is connected to the air duct. A fan blower offers the advantage that the heated air flowing out of the air duct can, as a result of the forced flow caused by the fan blower, be directed particularly effectively to corresponding sections of the cover plate for defrosting. This is particularly advantageous in the case of larger headlight housings, for example of trucks, in order to quickly and effectively heat the correspondingly larger volumes within the headlight housing.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann bei einem Scheinwerfer das Lüftergebläse im Luftkanal integriert sein. Je nach Ausführung kann das Lüftergebläse dabei zur Gänze oder zumindest teilweise innerhalb des Luftkanals angeordnet sein. Bevorzugt ist das Lüftergebläse in der Nähe des Strahlungsemitters angeordnet, um die erhitzte Luft möglichst rasch innerhalb des Luftkanals vom Strahlungsemitter abzutransportieren.In a further development of the invention, the fan blower can be integrated in the air duct in a headlight. Depending on the design, the fan blower can be arranged entirely or at least partially within the air duct. The fan blower is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the radiation emitter in order to transport the heated air away from the radiation emitter as quickly as possible within the air duct.
Vorteilhaft kann es sein, wenn bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer die Luftaustrittsöffnung des Luftkanals als Diffusor zur gleichmäßigen Luftverteilung ausgebildet ist. Die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit der Luft aus der Luftaustrittsöffnung wird durch den Einsatz eines Diffusors vergleichmäßigt bzw. verlangsamt. Somit wird in dieser Ausführung der Luftraum innerhalb des Scheinwerfergehäuses möglichst gleichmäßig erwärmt.It can be advantageous if, in a headlight according to the invention, the air outlet opening of the air duct is designed as a diffuser for uniform air distribution. The exit speed of the air from the air outlet opening is evened out or slowed down by using a diffuser. Thus, in this embodiment, the air space within the headlight housing is heated as evenly as possible.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird auch ein Kraftfahrzeug mit zumindest einem Scheinwerfer gemäß der Erfindung angegeben.In the context of the invention, a motor vehicle with at least one headlight according to the invention is also specified.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Erläuterung von in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 in einer teilweise freigeschnittenen Schrägansicht von vorne einen Scheinwerfer gemäß der Erfindung mit einer Betauungsschutzvorrichtung; -
Fig. 2 in schematischen Skizzen mögliche Varianten von Luftkanälen mit einem gekrümmten (Fig. 2a ) oder geknickten (Fig. 2b ) Längsachsenabschnitt; -
Fig. 3 eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausführung eines Scheinwerfers in einer freigeschnittenen Seitenansicht mit einer Betauungsschutzvorrichtung mit einem zweifach geknickten Luftkanal in Einbaulage innerhalb eines Scheinwerfergehäuses; -
Fig. 4 eine nächste erfindungsgemäße Ausführung eines Scheinwerfers in einer freigeschnittenen Seitenansicht mit einer Betauungsschutzvorrichtung mit einem zweifach gekrümmten Luftkanal in Einbaulage innerhalb eines Scheinwerfergehäuses; -
Fig. 5 eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausführung eines Scheinwerfers in einer freigeschnittenen Seitenansicht mit einem gegabelten, jeweils zweifach gekrümmten Luftkanal einer Betauungsschutzvorrichtung in Einbaulage innerhalb des Scheinwerfergehäuses; -
Fig. 6 in schematischen Skizzen mögliche Varianten von Luftkanälen mit einem gekrümmten (Fig. 6a ) oder geknickten (Fig. 6b ) Längsachsenabschnitt, wobei die Luftaustrittsöffnung jeweils in Form eines Diffusors geformt ist.
-
Fig. 1 in a partially cut-away oblique view from the front a headlight according to the invention with a condensation protection device; -
Fig. 2 in schematic sketches possible variants of air ducts with a curved (Fig. 2a ) or kinked (Figure 2b ) Longitudinal axis section; -
Fig. 3 a further embodiment of a headlight according to the invention in a cut-away side view with a condensation protection device with a double-kinked air duct in the installation position within a headlight housing; -
Fig. 4 a next embodiment of a headlight according to the invention in a cut-away side view with a condensation protection device with a double-curved air duct in the installation position within a headlight housing; -
Fig. 5 a further embodiment of a headlight according to the invention in a cut-away side view with a forked, each doubly curved air duct of a condensation protection device in the installed position within the headlight housing; -
Fig. 6 in schematic sketches possible variants of air ducts with a curved (Figure 6a ) or kinked (Figure 6b ) Longitudinal axis section, the air outlet opening being shaped in each case in the form of a diffuser.
Am oberen Ende des Luftkanals 40 schließt ein gekrümmter Längsachsenabschnitt 50 an den geraden Längsachsenabschnitt 44 des Luftkanals 10 an. Die Luftaustrittsöffnung 43 ist somit im Wesentlichen waagrecht in Richtung des oberen Randes der Abdeckscheibe 11 orientiert. Ein Krümmungswinkel 52 zwischen dem geraden Längsachsenabschnitt 44 des Luftkanals 10 und dem gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitt 50 ist hier etwas größer als 90°.At the upper end of the
Ein Strahlungsemitter 60, der hier als kostengünstiges Halogen-Leuchtmittel 65 ausgeführt ist, ist am unteren Ende des Luftkanals 40 im Bereich der Lufteintrittsöffnung 42 angeordnet. Im Betrieb des Strahlungsemitters 60 steigt die erwärmte Luft in Pfeilrichtung 41 innerhalb des Luftkanals 40 von unten nach oben auf und verlässt den Luftkanal 40 nach dem gekrümmten Längsachsenabschnitt 50 durch die Luftaustrittsöffnung 43. In
In
In
- 11
- Scheinwerfer für ein KraftfahrzeugHeadlights for a motor vehicle
- 1010
- ScheinwerfergehäuseHeadlight housing
- 1111
- AbdeckscheibeCover panel
- 1212th
- LichtaustrittsöffnungLight exit opening
- 2020th
- LichtmodulLight module
- 2121
- LED-LichtquelleLED light source
- 3030th
- BetauungsschutzvorrichtungCondensation protection device
- 4040
- LuftkanalAir duct
- 4141
- Luft, symbolisiert durch eine Luftströmung (in Pfeilrichtung)Air, symbolized by an air flow (in the direction of the arrow)
- 4242
- Lufteintrittsöffnung des LuftkanalsAir inlet opening of the air duct
- 4343
- Luftaustrittsöffnung des LuftkanalsAir outlet opening of the air duct
- 4444
- Längsachse des Luftkanals bzw. LängsachsenrichtungLongitudinal axis of the air duct or longitudinal axis direction
- 4545
- Wandmaterial des LuftkanalsWall material of the air duct
- 4646
- Innenfläche des LuftkanalsInner surface of the air duct
- 5050
- (erster) gekrümmter Längsachsenabschnitt des Luftkanals(first) curved longitudinal axis section of the air duct
- 5151
- KrümmungsradiusRadius of curvature
- 5252
- KrümmungswinkelAngle of curvature
- 5555
- (zweiter) gekrümmter Längsachsenabschnitt des Luftkanals(second) curved longitudinal axis section of the air duct
- 5656
- KrümmungsradiusRadius of curvature
- 5757
- KrümmungswinkelAngle of curvature
- 6060
- StrahlungsemitterRadiation emitter
- 6161
- InfrarotstrahlerInfrared heater
- 6565
- Halogen-LeuchtmittelHalogen lamps
- 7070
- Beschichtung an der Innenfläche des LuftkanalsCoating on the inner surface of the air duct
- 7575
- DiffusorDiffuser
- 8080
- LüftergebläseFan blower
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19209156.9A EP3822536A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Headlight with condensation protection device |
PCT/EP2020/081760 WO2021094370A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-11-11 | Headlight with anti-condensation protection device |
US17/770,443 US11965636B2 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-11-11 | Headlight with anti-condensation protection device |
CN202080078952.9A CN114641653B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-11-11 | Headlight with dew-proof device |
EP20801311.0A EP4058723A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-11-11 | Headlight with anti-condensation protection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP19209156.9A EP3822536A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Headlight with condensation protection device |
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EP3822536A1 true EP3822536A1 (en) | 2021-05-19 |
Family
ID=68581594
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EP19209156.9A Withdrawn EP3822536A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Headlight with condensation protection device |
EP20801311.0A Pending EP4058723A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-11-11 | Headlight with anti-condensation protection device |
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EP20801311.0A Pending EP4058723A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-11-11 | Headlight with anti-condensation protection device |
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US (1) | US11965636B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3822536A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN114641653B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021094370A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022123952A1 (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2024-03-21 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Lighting device for vehicles and control method |
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DE102013113529B4 (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2023-03-09 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Headlight for a vehicle with a cooling air duct |
DE102014106342B4 (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2023-07-27 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Light module for a headlight of a vehicle |
KR20160122014A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-21 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | Apparatus for preventing moisture generatoin of head lamp |
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2019
- 2019-11-14 EP EP19209156.9A patent/EP3822536A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2020-11-11 US US17/770,443 patent/US11965636B2/en active Active
- 2020-11-11 EP EP20801311.0A patent/EP4058723A1/en active Pending
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Also Published As
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US11965636B2 (en) | 2024-04-23 |
US20220373157A1 (en) | 2022-11-24 |
CN114641653A (en) | 2022-06-17 |
WO2021094370A1 (en) | 2021-05-20 |
EP4058723A1 (en) | 2022-09-21 |
CN114641653B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
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