EP3821143A1 - Élément d'ancrage à expansion - Google Patents
Élément d'ancrage à expansionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3821143A1 EP3821143A1 EP19736345.0A EP19736345A EP3821143A1 EP 3821143 A1 EP3821143 A1 EP 3821143A1 EP 19736345 A EP19736345 A EP 19736345A EP 3821143 A1 EP3821143 A1 EP 3821143A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- expansion
- base
- longitudinal axis
- embossing
- tip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
- F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
- F16B13/065—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting the screw, nail or the like
Definitions
- the invention relates to an expansion anchor with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- a generic expansion anchor is known from European patent application EP 1 314 897 A2.
- the expansion anchor a so-called bolt anchor, comprises a pin-shaped anchor shaft with an external thread, which is arranged on the anchor shaft at the rear as a load introduction device.
- the expansion anchor has an expansion area at the front, with an expansion section of the anchor shaft on which an expansion sleeve is arranged.
- At the front of the expansion section there is an expansion cone which can be drawn into the expansion sleeve, as a result of which the expansion sleeve is expanded and pressed against a wall of a borehole into which the expansion area is inserted for anchoring the expansion anchor.
- the expansion sleeve must be expanded by moving the anchor shaft back.
- the expansion sleeve In order to enable the expansion, the expansion sleeve must be held so firmly in the borehole that it does not move, or at least not to the same extent, when the anchor shaft moves back out of the borehole, through which the expansion cone is drawn into the expansion sleeve for expansion the expansion cone, as this would prevent spreading.
- the known expansion anchor In order to ensure that the expansion sleeve is held in the borehole even before the actual expansion, the known expansion anchor has pyramid-shaped embossments which protrude radially outwards from a cylindrical base body of the expansion sleeve that is slotted at the front end.
- the embossments each have a tip at their rear end, with which the embossments engage in the wall of the borehole and thus hold the expansion sleeve in place in the borehole.
- the tips wear out due to friction on the wall of the borehole, which means that after driving in, there is no longer a point and the pyramid rounded off due to the friction does not prevent the expansion sleeve from moving back when the anchor shaft moves back can hold more in the borehole, so that it is not possible to spread the expansion sleeve as planned.
- the object of the invention is therefore to improve the known expansion anchor so that a planned spreading of the expansion sleeve is guaranteed.
- the expansion anchor according to the invention for anchoring in concrete has an anchor shaft made of metal, which extends along a longitudinal axis.
- the anchor shaft has a pin-like basic shape, ie it is several times longer than its diameter or, in the case of a non-circular cross section of the anchor shaft, than the diameter of a circle that describes the cross section of the anchor shaft.
- a load introduction device in particular an external thread or an internal thread, is provided on the anchor shaft at the rear, with which a load can be transferred from an add-on part, which is fastened to the anchoring base with the expansion anchor, to the expansion anchor.
- the anchor shaft has an expansion section on which a metal expansion sleeve is arranged.
- “Front” and “back” refer to the direction in which the expansion anchor is inserted into a borehole in the base of the anchor.
- the anchoring base for example a ceiling or a wall of a building, is in particular made of concrete.
- the expansion section and expansion sleeve form the expansion area of the expansion anchor, with which the expansion anchor can be anchored in the anchoring base in such a way that the load can be transferred from the attachment to the anchoring base via the expansion anchor.
- the expansion anchor is inserted or driven into the borehole in the direction of insertion with the expansion area ahead, the expansion sleeve, which surrounds the anchor shaft in the expansion section in the circumferential direction, braced against the borehole wall. “Reaching around” does not necessarily mean a complete reaching around here, but only that the expansion sleeve on the anchor shaft is held captive but can be moved forward in the longitudinal direction. The expansion sleeve must also be expanded to ensure it is securely anchored in the borehole.
- the expansion sleeve can be moved forward relative to the anchor shaft along the longitudinal axis, so that an expansion element of the expansion section, which is particularly wedge-shaped and widens in diameter in the direction of insertion, reaches the expansion sleeve and presses it apart radially and thereby expands it.
- the expansion sleeve has slots at its front end in particular, which divides an especially hollow cylindrical base body of the expansion sleeve into a front section into individual expansion arms.
- the base body does not have to form a closed cylinder. It can be produced in particular by stamping, shaping and / or bending from a flat sheet metal and have a slot which is continuous in the longitudinal direction.
- the anchor shaft is pulled backwards in the opposite direction of the insertion direction.
- the expansion element for example an expansion cone
- the expansion sleeve is expanded, expanded and further braced against the wall of the borehole.
- the return movement of the anchor shaft relative to the expansion sleeve corresponds to a relative movement of the expansion sleeve to the anchor shaft forwards.
- a radially outwardly protruding embossing is arranged in one piece on the base body.
- the embossing serves to increase the friction with and / or to engage in the borehole wall, which increases the hold of the expansion sleeve in the borehole.
- the embossing itself has a real or imaginary base surface that faces the base body, a side surface and a tip.
- the base area lies flat against an outer surface of the base body that circumscribes the base body.
- the base area geometrically forms the transition from the embossing to the base body.
- the tip of the embossing protrudes radially outward from the base body and forms the radially outermost point of the embossing.
- the tip is arranged on the embossing in such a way that it forms the rear end of the embossing alone or with another point, an edge or a surface.
- the base area and the tip are connected to one another by the at least one side area which intersects the base area in a base edge.
- the embossing can also have a plurality of side surfaces, each side surface intersecting the base surface with a base edge.
- the embossing need not be massive. It is produced in particular by embossing the base body, that is to say by locally pressing it into the material of the base body, without producing a slot or an opening.
- the base body consists of a bleaching strip bent in the circumferential direction, from which the embossing is pressed outwards in the radial direction, which is in particular curved outwards.
- the embossing is in particular a type of curvature in which the material of the base body is pressed radially outwards, but is not removed from the base body.
- the material pressed outwards forms the embossing, which protrudes geometrically radially over the base body.
- Such an embossing has a high Resistance to radial compression when inserting the expansion sleeve into a borehole.
- the embossing is designed in such a way that a straight line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis runs through the tip and the longitudinal axis runs through a corner point of the base area.
- the connecting straight line thus forms the perpendicular to the longitudinal axis through the tip, it being possible for the straight connecting line to deviate from the theoretically exact perpendicular within a few degrees within the manufacturing tolerances.
- the "corner point” is any point on the base edge. If the embossing has several side surfaces, the corner point is in particular the intersection of two side surfaces with the base surface. The corner point forms the rear end of the embossing with the tip.
- Such an embossing has the advantage that even if the original tip of the embossing was worn when driving the expansion area of the expansion anchor into a borehole, a kind of tip is still formed by an edge directed backwards and running radially to the longitudinal axis between the corner point and the tip, which lies on the connecting straight line. The radially outer point of this edge then acts as a tip, which prevents the expansion sleeve from moving backwards out of the borehole when it is spread.
- the expansion sleeve has at least two, in particular at least three, embossments which are arranged on the expansion sleeve in an evenly distributed manner in the circumferential direction. If spreading arms which are separated by slots are provided on the expanding sleeve, an embossing can in particular be arranged on each of the spreading arms. In particular, the embossing is not arranged on the front of the expansion sleeve, in particular it does not form the front end of the expansion sleeve.
- the embossing can be arranged at the rear end of the expansion sleeve, the embossing preferably being arranged such that its base is enclosed on all sides by the outer surface of the base body.
- the embossing thus forms neither the front nor the rear end of the expansion sleeve.
- the embossing can in particular be pyramid-shaped, for example as a tetrahedron with flat triangular surfaces, it being possible for the side surfaces to also be spatially curved.
- the embossing increases in particular against the direction of insertion along the longitudinal axis in the radial direction from the base to the tip, in particular from one, forming a transition to the embossing base edge.
- the increase can also be discontinuous, for example in several sections.
- the embossing thus forms a type of wedge shape, which facilitates the insertion of the expansion sleeve into a borehole in the direction of insertion.
- pulling out of the borehole is made more difficult by the edge formed at the rear end of the embossing and running between the corner point and the tip.
- the at least one side surface of the embossing extends in the circumferential direction, so that it forms a rear side of the embossing.
- This back side includes the top of the embossing.
- This side surface forming the rear side lies in particular in a radial plane to the longitudinal axis, i. H. it runs purely in the circumferential direction.
- the rear side surface preferably rises in the radial direction as seen from the rear and in a clockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis from the base surface to the tip, the increase also being able to be discontinuous.
- the embossing thus also forms a kind of wedge in the circumferential direction, which prevents the expansion sleeve from turning when, as is usual with bolt anchors, the return movement of the anchor shaft out of the borehole takes place by unscrewing a nut onto an external thread acting as a load introduction device.
- the embossing of the expansion anchor according to the invention has at least two side surfaces which intersect and whose cutting edge encompasses the tip.
- These two side surfaces include in particular an angle between 60 degrees and 120 degrees, in particular an angle between 80 degrees and 100 degrees.
- the side surfaces form an angle of essentially 90 degrees.
- the side surfaces thus also form a type of wedge that inhibits movement of the expansion sleeve out of a borehole.
- the two side surfaces are preferably arranged normal to the lateral surface of the base body. "Normal to the lateral surface of the base body” means that at each intersection of the base body and the side surface there is a surface normal of the base body in a tangent plane to the side surface.
- the tangential plane is a radial and / or an axial plane, in particular one of the tangential planes is a radial plane and the other is an axial plane.
- the two side surfaces face towards the rear.
- the two side surfaces protrude in a plan view from behind in the direction of insertion and protrude beyond the base body of the expansion sleeve.
- the vectors of the surface normals of these side surfaces have a component which is directed parallel to the longitudinal axis against the direction of insertion.
- the two side surfaces are preferably inclined to the longitudinal axis. This means that when the surface normals of a side surface are projected into an axial plane of the longitudinal axis in which the longitudinal axis lies, the projection of the surface normals is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis.
- the angles of inclination of the two side surfaces to the longitudinal axis are preferably the same. Each of the angles of inclination is in particular between 30 degrees and 60 degrees, as a result of which a kind of wedge shape of the side surfaces arises from a borehole against the direction of extension.
- the two side surfaces are symmetrical about an axial plane of the longitudinal axis, which facilitates the production of the embossing.
- a base edge of the base surface does not run in a straight line, but in particular in an arc shape.
- the embossing has three base edges, two of the base edges running in a straight line and the third base edge in an arc shape.
- the two rectilinear base edges belong to flat side surfaces, which in particular run normal to the lateral surface of the base body and whose intersection forms the corner point which lies with the tip on the connecting straight line which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
- the arched base edge is particularly oriented towards the front in the direction of insertion and the associated side surface, which can also be referred to as the "wedge surface” or “inclined surface”, rises radially from the base edge to the tip against the direction of insertion.
- An angle between the lateral surface and the wedge or inclined surface is a maximum of 30 degrees.
- Figure 1 shows a first expansion anchor according to the invention in a side view
- Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the expansion area of the first expansion anchor according to the invention in a side view rotated by 90 ° about the longitudinal axis compared to Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a plan view of the development of the expansion sleeve of the first expansion anchor according to the invention.
- Figure 4 is a plan view of the development of an alternative expansion sleeve for the expansion anchor according to the invention.
- Figure 5 is a sectional view of an expansion arm of the alternative expansion sleeve
- the expansion anchor 1 shows a first expansion anchor 1 according to the invention for anchoring in an anchoring base made of concrete.
- the expansion anchor 1 comprises an anchor shaft 2 made of metal, which extends along a longitudinal axis L from a rear end 3 in the direction of insertion E of the expansion anchor 1 into a borehole in the anchoring base (not shown) to a front end 4.
- the rear end 3 of the Expansion anchor 1 forms the striking surface of a drive-in pin 5, to which an external thread 6 connects as a load introduction device 7.
- a nut 8 is screwed onto the external thread 6, with which a washer 9 can be clamped against an attachment (not shown) against the anchoring base.
- a threadless spacing section 10 adjoins the external thread 6 in the insertion direction E, with a collar 11, which forms a stop for an expansion sleeve 12.
- the anchor shaft 2 has an expansion section 13 in which the expansion sleeve 12 encompasses a neck section of the anchor shaft 2 with a reduced diameter in the circumferential direction.
- the expansion sleeve 12 can be moved captively but can be moved forward relative to the anchor shaft 2 along the longitudinal axis L against an expansion cone 15 acting as an expansion element 14.
- the expansion sleeve 12 has two slots 16, which run in the longitudinal direction from the front end of the expansion sleeve 12 to the rear, end in a bore 19 at the rear, and which divides the front two thirds of the expansion sleeve 12 into three expansion arms 17, which when the expansion sleeve 12 is pushed on be pressed radially outward on the expansion cone 15 for spreading.
- the slots 16 and the division of the expansion arms 17 can be seen particularly well in FIG. 3, which shows a flat development of the expansion sleeve 12 or the expansion sleeve 12 before it has been bent around the neck portion of the anchor shaft 2.
- an embossing 18 is arranged on each of the spreading arms 17.
- the embossments 18 protrude radially outward from a base body 20 of the expansion sleeve 12.
- the base body 20 is formed from the flat undeformed sheet metal strip from which the expansion sleeve 12 is produced.
- the base body 20 has a cylindrical lateral surface 21 which forms a flat rectangular surface 22 in the development of FIG. 3.
- the embossments 18 arranged on the base body 20 each have an imaginary base surface 23, three side surfaces 24, 25, 26 and a tip 27.
- the base surface 23 faces the base body 20 and bears against it.
- the base surface 23 forms, purely geometrically, the separating surface between an embossment 18 and the lateral surface 21 of the base body 20.
- the three side surfaces 24, 25, 26 connect the base surface 23 to the tip 27.
- Each of the tips 27 of the three embossments 18 of the expansion sleeve 12 is radial towards the outside from the base body 20 and forms the radially outermost point and the respective rear end of the embossment 18.
- the embossments 18 are designed such that a straight connecting line 28, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L, extends from the respective tip 27 to the longitudinal axis L through a Corner point 29 of base 23 extends (FIG. 2). Between the corner point 29 and the tip 27, the connecting straight line 28 forms a cutting edge 30 of the first side surface 24 and the second side surface 25. This cutting edge 30 together with the tip 27 forms the respective rear end of the embossing 18.
- the two side surfaces 24, 25 run normally , that is perpendicular to the lateral surface 21 of the base body 20. Both rise radially from the base surface 23 towards the rear towards the tip 27 and are turned towards the rear and of the same size.
- the first side surface 24 and the second side surface 25 are each inclined to the longitudinal axis L at an angle of inclination ai, a 2 of 45 °, as can be seen in FIG. 1.
- the two side surfaces 24, 25 are symmetrical about an axial plane of the longitudinal axis L.
- the third side surface 26 has the shape of a circular sector, the center of which is formed by the corner point 29. The intersection of the third side surface 26 with the base surface 23 thus forms a base edge 31, which does not run in a straight line but in an arc shape, in the development in the form of an arc of a circle.
- the tip 27 engages in the borehole wall and holds the expansion sleeve 12 in the borehole. Since the embossments 18 are embossed from the base body 20 and are not punched, they are stable and can be compressed less radially than punched-out and bent-out cantilever-shaped wings. Since the tip 27 with the cutting edge 30 forms the rear end of each embossing 18, the tip 27 is protected against deformation by friction on the borehole wall during insertion. But even if the tip 27 should be rubbed off during insertion, the cutting edge 30 which tapers outwards and to the rear remains for engagement in the borehole wall.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show an alternative embodiment of the expansion sleeve 12a, which is identical to the expansion sleeve 12 of FIGS. 1 to 3 except for the embossing 18a.
- the embossing 18a is also a circular sector in the top view of the development, the outer geometry of which is identical to that of the embossing 18 described above, but is rotated 45 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis L with respect to the embossing 18 described above.
- the second side surface 25a is parallel to the longitudinal axis L, and the first side surface 24a extends in the circumferential direction.
- the first side surface 24a forms the rear side of the embossing 18a, which here faces as the only side surface 24a to the rear. It rises from the rear in the direction of the direction of introduction E and, in the clockwise direction with respect to the longitudinal axis L, rises radially from the base surface 23 to the tip 27.
- the side surfaces 26, 26a of the embossments 18, 18a form wedge-shaped surfaces which rise radially towards the rear. This facilitates insertion into a borehole.
- the tips 27, 27a or the radially outer ends of the cutting edges 30, 30a hold the expansion sleeves 12, 12a securely in the borehole for spreading and prevent the expansion sleeve 12, 12a from being moved out of the borehole when the spreading cone 15 is spread apart.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018116974.4A DE102018116974A1 (de) | 2018-07-13 | 2018-07-13 | Spreizanker |
PCT/EP2019/067666 WO2020011590A1 (fr) | 2018-07-13 | 2019-07-02 | Élément d'ancrage à expansion |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3821143A1 true EP3821143A1 (fr) | 2021-05-19 |
Family
ID=67180765
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19736345.0A Pending EP3821143A1 (fr) | 2018-07-13 | 2019-07-02 | Élément d'ancrage à expansion |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3821143A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN112384706A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102018116974A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020011590A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020129959A1 (de) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-19 | Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spreizanker und Verfahren zu seiner Verankerung |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3577825A (en) * | 1967-11-30 | 1971-05-04 | Republic Steel Corp | Bolt anchor and method for making same |
CH624738A5 (en) * | 1977-09-29 | 1981-08-14 | Egli Fischer & Co | Anchoring bolt |
DE4219984A1 (de) * | 1992-06-19 | 1993-12-23 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Spreizanker |
ES2213849T3 (es) * | 1997-04-21 | 2004-09-01 | FISCHERWERKE ARTUR FISCHER GMBH & CO. KG | Taco expansible. |
DE10157586A1 (de) | 2001-11-23 | 2003-06-05 | Hilti Ag | Bolzendübel mit Spreizkontrolle |
DE20202763U1 (de) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-11-13 | Liebig GmbH & Co.KG, 64319 Pfungstadt | Spreizdübel |
KR101237241B1 (ko) * | 2012-06-26 | 2013-02-26 | 임찬영 | 뒷돌 고정식 옹벽 시공용 연결 고정체 |
-
2018
- 2018-07-13 DE DE102018116974.4A patent/DE102018116974A1/de active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-07-02 WO PCT/EP2019/067666 patent/WO2020011590A1/fr unknown
- 2019-07-02 CN CN201980047038.5A patent/CN112384706A/zh active Pending
- 2019-07-02 EP EP19736345.0A patent/EP3821143A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020011590A1 (fr) | 2020-01-16 |
DE102018116974A1 (de) | 2020-01-16 |
CN112384706A (zh) | 2021-02-19 |
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