EP3810916B1 - Method for determining and/or detecting an accumulation of soot in an air intake to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method for determining and/or detecting an accumulation of soot in an air intake to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3810916B1
EP3810916B1 EP19731713.4A EP19731713A EP3810916B1 EP 3810916 B1 EP3810916 B1 EP 3810916B1 EP 19731713 A EP19731713 A EP 19731713A EP 3810916 B1 EP3810916 B1 EP 3810916B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
determined
internal combustion
combustion engine
sooting
lambda
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EP19731713.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3810916A1 (en
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Michael Brand
Christian Arenz
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/10—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for acceleration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1477—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation circuit or part of it,(e.g. comparator, PI regulator, output)
    • F02D41/1482—Integrator, i.e. variable slope
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1477—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation circuit or part of it,(e.g. comparator, PI regulator, output)
    • F02D41/1483—Proportional component
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
    • F02D2200/0402—Engine intake system parameters the parameter being determined by using a model of the engine intake or its components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining and/or detecting sooting of an air intake path to at least one combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in particular for determining the sooting of the air intake path to at least one cylinder chamber of the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, according to the features of the preamble of the patent claim 1.
  • Internal combustion engines in particular gasoline engines, are used to drive motor vehicles.
  • air is supplied via an air intake section to at least one combustion chamber, in particular a cylinder chamber of the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle.
  • an inlet valve is opened in the corresponding intake stroke, in which case - in the normal case - a certain amount of air is then supplied to the combustion chamber.
  • fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber, in which case the air and fuel mixture present in the combustion chamber is then burned or ignited, in particular explosively, in particular in order to move/drive a cylinder.
  • the resulting exhaust gas mixture is removed via an outlet valve.
  • Such methods for combustion of the air and fuel mixture within a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine are carried out in particular with the aid of a so-called lambda control using a lambda probe and a lambda controller.
  • an engine control unit is also provided, which in particular realizes a filling model for the combustion chamber stored in accordance with the engine control unit.
  • the internal combustion engine can have several combustion chambers or cylinder chambers, in particular four, six or eight combustion chambers.
  • A1 also disclose the detection of sooting in the inlet tract and corresponding measures to compensate.
  • HFM hot film air mass meters
  • P systems pressure systems
  • the determination and/or detection of sooting of an air intake path has not been possible so far or is sometimes very cost-intensive using separate additional measuring systems, for example additionally provided HFMs.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for determining and/or detecting sooting of an air intake path to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned at the beginning, but in particular can be implemented cost-effectively.
  • the air and fuel mixture then present in the combustion chamber is burned, in particular explosively, with the exhaust gases and their Shares are examined in more detail or a so-called lambda control is then carried out.
  • the lambda controller values are determined in a specific phase of a speed curve of the internal combustion engine and/or for specific speeds and/or for specific speed ranges.
  • the lambda controller values can be in the phase of increasing the speed of the internal combustion engine and/or for certain Speed ranges of the internal combustion engine can be determined.
  • several lambda controller values are determined in a specific time interval or in several specific time intervals.
  • the determined lambda controller values in particular all lambda controller values determined in a specific phase, are less than "1"
  • the process is essentially based on the following technical context: With an optimal ratio of "air / fuel”, i.e. with an optimal air and fuel mixture, the lambda sensor essentially determines lambda values of "1" or almost "1".
  • the lambda controller values form the corresponding factor that is intended to correct the fuel injection into the combustion chamber. If the air and fuel mixture is too “rich” in the combustion chamber due to the insufficient amount of air supplied ( ⁇ ⁇ "1"), the amount of fuel that is required in the next intake stroke is then determined with the help of the lambda controller values (RA ⁇ "1") is injected, reduced accordingly, namely with a lambda controller value less than "1".
  • a large number of lambda controller values are determined during an increase in the speed of the internal combustion engine and a compensation curve is then calculated and/or determined based on the lambda controller values.
  • the compensation curve has a negative slope, which is the case if the lambda controller values are less than "1"
  • a straight line of compensation is determined or determined.
  • sooting of the air intake path is determined.
  • the determination of the large number of lambda controller values does not necessarily have to be realized while the speed of the internal combustion engine is increasing. It is conceivable, as already mentioned above, that the lambda controller values are determined in a specific phase of a speed curve of the internal combustion engine and/or for specific speeds and/or for specific speed ranges; there are different implementation options here.
  • a measure of this sooting is also determined, in particular based on the determined negative slope value of the compensation curve, in particular the compensation straight line. The greater the amount of the negative slope value of the compensation curve, in particular the compensation straight line, the greater the sooting of the air intake path.
  • At least one correction value is determined, with the help of which a filling model stored in the engine control unit, in particular the filling detection and / or the filling control, is then adapted and / or currently continuously adjusted.
  • lambda controller values are measured, in particular in a specific time interval or in several determined at certain time intervals. Based on this, at least one correction value, but in particular several correction values, can then be determined depending on the speed. With the help of these correction values, the filling model stored in the engine control unit can be adapted, in particular continuously adapted and/or adjusted. Such lambda controller values can be determined and evaluated for a specific phase, in particular for an increase in the speed of the internal combustion engine, and/or for specific speeds (operating points) and/or for specific speed ranges. A fine adjustment/adaptation of the filling model stored in the engine control unit can therefore also be achieved in particular with the help of correction values determined depending on the speed.
  • the filling detection is corrected or adapted using the correction values.
  • the performance of the internal combustion engine is optimally controlled, in particular the performance of the internal combustion engine, which was reduced due to the initially too small amount of air, is increased again accordingly or is then compensated for by the method according to the invention.
  • the Fig. 1 and 2 The aim is now to illustrate the method for determining and/or detecting sooting of an air intake path to at least one combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in particular for determining the sooting of the air intake path to at least one cylinder chamber of the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, in particular a gasoline engine. But the use of this process is also conceivable or possible for other internal combustion engines, including diesel engines.
  • the air is supplied to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and/or the combustion chambers via an air intake section.
  • the internal combustion engine can have several combustion chambers, in particular four combustion chambers, six combustion chambers or even a further number of combustion chambers.
  • a fuel or a respective amount of fuel is also supplied to the respective combustion chamber.
  • a lambda control system is provided or present, in particular with the aid of a lambda sensor, whereby, on the one hand, the exhaust gas mixture can be examined in more detail or the corresponding proportions of the exhaust gas mixture can be determined, in particular the corresponding signals from the lambda sensor can then be fed to the engine control unit.
  • the engine control unit therefore has the corresponding signals/values from the lambda sensor or the corresponding lambda values are calculated within the engine control unit. Not only are the lambda values available in the engine control unit, but also the corresponding lambda controller values due to the lambda control or these are determined and/or calculated for the lambda control.
  • At least partial sooting of the air intake path is determined and/or recognized with the help of an evaluation of lambda controller values R ⁇ . This is done in particular with the help of the engine control unit.
  • Fig. 1 now shows an increase in the speed of the internal combustion engine over time t, which here in particular or here as an example occurs linearly, Fig. 1 shows the curve for the speed n Mot of the internal combustion engine when the speed increases.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 The method according to the invention is particularly illustrated here Fig. 1 and 2 explained, in particular using the example of increasing the speed n Mot one internal combustion engine. It is also conceivable, but not shown here, that the lambda controller values are determined not in the specific phase of a speed increase, but in another specific phase of a speed curve of the internal combustion engine and/or for specific speeds and/or for specific speed ranges. In particular, however, several lambda controller values R ⁇ are determined in a specific time interval or in several specific time intervals. This depends on the specific embodiment of the method according to the invention, which is now based on the Fig.
  • the lambda controller values R ⁇ are determined sequentially one after the other in the phase of a speed increase of the speed n Mot of the internal combustion engine and be evaluated, whereby, as in Fig. 1 shown here, several lambda controller values R ⁇ are determined, which are all smaller than "1", and in particular continue to decrease over time t. As already explained above, this can not only be done to increase the speed of the internal combustion engine, but several lambda controller values can be determined and evaluated for specific speed ranges and/or for specific speeds (speed points) in order to correct the filling model accordingly after using The sooting has been detected by evaluating the lambda controller values.
  • a compensation curve in particular a compensation line G A , is then calculated and/or determined based on the lambda controller values R ⁇ , as in Fig. 1 shown.
  • the best fit line G A is here Fig. 1 shown accordingly and essentially “interpolated” accordingly based on the determined lambda controller values R ⁇ .
  • a compensation curve can also be calculated instead of a compensation straight line.
  • Fig. 1 Clearly visible in Fig. 1 is that here the compensation curve, in particular the compensation line G A , has a negative slope, i.e. a slope smaller than "0". From this it can then be concluded that the air intake line is sooted.
  • sooting has been determined, a measure of this sooting can now also be determined, in particular based on the determined negative slope value of the compensation curve, in particular the compensation straight line G A.
  • the amount of the negative slope value of the compensation curve, in particular the compensation line corresponds to the extent of the sooting, ie the greater the sooting, the greater the amount of the negative slope of the compensation line G A.
  • At least one correction value is determined, with the help of which a filling model stored in the engine control unit, in particular the filling detection and/or the filling control, is adapted.
  • lambda controller values are determined in a specific time interval or in several specific time intervals for specific speed ranges of the internal combustion engine. This allows, in particular, several correction values can be determined depending on the speed, so that the filling model can be adapted for different speeds/changes in speed of the internal combustion engine.
  • correction values can be determined, in particular depending on the speed.
  • the filling model can be corrected, in particular continuously adapted.
  • the determination of the correction values and/or the adaptation of the filling model takes place continuously, in particular with every increase in speed and/or for certain speeds and/or for certain speed ranges.
  • the method according to the invention reduces the disadvantages mentioned at the beginning, in particular the cost-effective production of an internal combustion engine without further additional components is possible, since the method according to the invention can already be implemented cost-effectively in terms of control and / or regulation technology using the components existing in an internal combustion engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung und/oder zur Erkennung einer Versottung einer Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu mindestens einer Brennkammer eines Verbrennungsmotors, insbesondere zur Ermittlung der Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu mindestens einer Zylinderkammer des Verbrennungsmotors eines Kraftfahrzeuges, gemäß den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a method for determining and/or detecting sooting of an air intake path to at least one combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in particular for determining the sooting of the air intake path to at least one cylinder chamber of the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, according to the features of the preamble of the patent claim 1.

Im Rahmen des Antriebs von Kraftfahrzeugen werden Verbrennungsmotoren, insbesondere Otto-Motoren eingesetzt. Hierbei wird Luft über eine Luft-Ansaugstrecke mindestens einer Brennkammer, insbesondere einer Zylinderkammer des Verbrennungsmotors des Kraftfahrzeugs zugeführt. Insbesondere wird ein Einlassventil in dem entsprechenden Ansaugtakt geöffnet, wobei dann insbesondere - im Normalfall - eine bestimmte Luftmenge der Brennkammer zugeführt wird. Weiterhin wird der Brennkammer ein Kraftstoff zugeführt, wobei dann das in der Brennkammer vorhandene Luft- und Kraftstoffgemisch, insbesondere explosionsartig verbrannt bzw. gezündet wird, insbesondere um einen Zylinder zu bewegen / anzutreiben. Über ein Auslassventil wird das entstandene Abgasgemisch abgeführt. Derartige Verfahren zur Verbrennung des Luft- und Kraftstoffgemisches innerhalb einer Brennkammer eines Verbrennungsmotors werden insbesondere mit Hilfe einer sogenannten Lambdaregelung unter Einsatz einer Lambdasonde und eines Lambdareglers durchgeführt. Insbesondere ist auch ein Motorsteuergerät vorgesehen, das insbesondere ein entsprechend dem Motorsteuergerät abgespeichertes Füllungsmodell für die Brennkammer realisiert. Der Verbrennungsmotor kann mehrere Brennkammern bzw. Zylinderkammern, insbesondere vier, sechs oder acht Brennkammern aufweisen.Internal combustion engines, in particular gasoline engines, are used to drive motor vehicles. Here, air is supplied via an air intake section to at least one combustion chamber, in particular a cylinder chamber of the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle. In particular, an inlet valve is opened in the corresponding intake stroke, in which case - in the normal case - a certain amount of air is then supplied to the combustion chamber. Furthermore, fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber, in which case the air and fuel mixture present in the combustion chamber is then burned or ignited, in particular explosively, in particular in order to move/drive a cylinder. The resulting exhaust gas mixture is removed via an outlet valve. Such methods for combustion of the air and fuel mixture within a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine are carried out in particular with the aid of a so-called lambda control using a lambda probe and a lambda controller. In particular, an engine control unit is also provided, which in particular realizes a filling model for the combustion chamber stored in accordance with the engine control unit. The internal combustion engine can have several combustion chambers or cylinder chambers, in particular four, six or eight combustion chambers.

So ist im Stand der Technik, von dem die Erfindung ausgeht, aus der DE 10 2013 212 232 A1 ein Verfahren zur Erkennung eines defekten, nämlich eines versotteten Einlassventils bekannt, bei dem über einen Vergleich des Drehzahlverlaufs des Verbrennungsmotors mit dem zeitlichen Verlauf des Signals für den Lambdawert die Versottung eines Einlassventils erkannt wird. Ist nämlich dann das Einlassventil versottet, so wird eine größere Luftmenge als gewünscht während des Ansaugtaktes des Verbrennungsmotors in die Brennkammer, insbesondere in die Zylinderkammer während eines Drehzahlanstiegs des Verbrennungsmotors angesaugt, da das Einlassventil, weil es versottet ist, eben nicht zu 100% vollständig schließt. Damit steht für die gewünschte Verbrennung eine zu große Luftmenge zur Verfügung, so dass das Luft- und Kraftstoffgemisch schließlich auch nicht die gewünschten / optimierten Abgasanteile aufweist, so dass insbesondere die entsprechenden Lambdawerte dann größer als "1" sind. Aus den entsprechenden Signalen für die Lambdawerte bzw. den entsprechend berechneten Lambdawerten (> "1") schließt das Motorsteuergerät dann auf ein nicht einwandfrei arbeitendes Einlassventil, nämlich auf die Versottung des Einlassventils. DE 10 2016 211232 A1 sowie US 2009/320577 This is the case in the prior art from which the invention is based DE 10 2013 212 232 A1 a method for detecting a defective, namely a sooted, inlet valve is known, in which the sooting of an inlet valve is detected by comparing the speed curve of the internal combustion engine with the time course of the signal for the lambda value. If the inlet valve is then clogged, a larger amount of air than desired is released into the combustion chamber during the intake stroke of the internal combustion engine, in particular into the cylinder chamber during an increase in speed of the engine Internal combustion engine is sucked in because the inlet valve does not close 100% completely because it is dirty. This means that too much air is available for the desired combustion, so that the air and fuel mixture ultimately does not have the desired/optimized exhaust gas proportions, so that in particular the corresponding lambda values are then greater than "1". From the corresponding signals for the lambda values or the correspondingly calculated lambda values (>"1"), the engine control unit then concludes that the intake valve is not working properly, namely that the intake valve is sooted. DE 10 2016 211232 A1 as well as US 2009/320577

A1 offenbaren ebenfalls die Detektion einer Versottung im Einlasstrakt sowie entsprechende Maßnahmen zur Kompensation.A1 also disclose the detection of sooting in the inlet tract and corresponding measures to compensate.

Über den Betrieb bzw. die Laufzeit eines Verbrennungsmotors können aber auch die Luft-Ansaugstrecken zu den jeweiligen Brennkammern bzw. zu den Zylinderkammern, also insbesondere auch die entsprechenden Einlasskanäle und nicht nur die Einlassventile versotten. Damit strömt dann weniger Luft in den Brennraum während des Ansaugtaktes des Verbrennungsmotors, als bei einer unversotteten Luft-Ansaugstrecke. Der in der Brennkammer realisierten Verbrennung steht dann zur Verbrennung weniger Luft zur Verfügung als gewünscht bzw. als das im Motorsteuergerät hinterlegte Füllungsmodell aufgrund der dort abgelegten Daten erfasst bzw. moduliert. Dies führt insbesondere zu einer (dann relativ) erhöhten Zuführung von Kraftstoff in die Brennkammer, wobei es aufgrund der dann weniger zur Verfügung stehenden Luftmenge nicht zu einer vollständigen Verbrennung des Kraftstoffes kommt. In der Brennkammer liegt ein sogenanntes "fettes Gemisch" vor. Die Leistung des Motors reduziert sich.However, over the operation or running time of an internal combustion engine, the air intake paths to the respective combustion chambers or to the cylinder chambers, in particular also the corresponding inlet channels and not just the inlet valves, can become clogged. This means that less air flows into the combustion chamber during the intake cycle of the internal combustion engine than with an unsoiled air intake line. The combustion realized in the combustion chamber then has less air available for combustion than desired or as the filling model stored in the engine control unit is recorded or modulated based on the data stored there. This leads in particular to a (then relatively) increased supply of fuel into the combustion chamber, with complete combustion of the fuel not occurring due to the less amount of air then available. There is a so-called “rich mixture” in the combustion chamber. The engine's performance is reduced.

In der Praxis versucht man dem durch den Einsatz von sogenannten Heißfilmluftmassenmessern (HFM) entgegen zu wirken, mit deren Hilfe die tatsächlich einströmende Luftmenge gemessen wird. Hierdurch wird auch dann bei einer versotteten Luft-Ansaugstrecke im Rahmen der jeweiligen Messgenauigkeit des jeweiligen HFM's die tatsächliche Füllung ermittelt. Allerdings sind sogenannte HFM's zusätzliche Bauteile, müssen also entsprechend angeordnet und auch montiert werden und erhöhen auch die Herstellungskosten des Verbrennungsmotors. Auch ist durchaus möglich, dass derartige sogenannte HFM's über deren entsprechende Lebensdauer ausfallen können und/oder dass deren Messgenauigkeit sich entsprechend verringert.In practice, attempts are made to counteract this by using so-called hot film air mass meters (HFM), which are used to measure the actual amount of air flowing in. As a result, even if the air intake line is clogged, the actual filling is determined within the scope of the respective measurement accuracy of the respective HFM. However, so-called HFMs are additional components, so they have to be arranged and assembled accordingly and also increase the manufacturing costs of the internal combustion engine. It is also entirely possible that such so-called HFMs can fail over their corresponding service life and/or that their measurement accuracy is reduced accordingly.

Oft haben sich in der Praxis die zuvor genannten HFM's grundsätzlich zwar durchgesetzt, aber es gibt zur Füllungserfassung und/oder für die Füllungsrealisierung, für die der Brennkammer zugeführte Luftmenge auch sogenannte "P-Systeme" (Drucksysteme), bei denen u.a. aufgrund des Druckes im Saugrohr die Füllung für die Brennkammer, also die insbesondere der Zylinderkammer zugeführte Luftmenge bestimmt wird. Bei derartigen sogenannten P-Systemen ist bisher die Ermittlung und/oder die Erkennung einer Versottung einer Luft-Ansaugstrecke nicht möglich bzw. wird teilweise über separate zusätzliche Messsysteme, beispielsweise auch durch zusätzlich vorgesehene HFM's, dann sehr kostenintensiv.The previously mentioned HFMs have often become generally accepted in practice, but there are also so-called "P systems" (pressure systems) for filling detection and/or filling implementation, for the amount of air supplied to the combustion chamber, in which, among other things, due to the pressure in the Intake pipe determines the filling for the combustion chamber, i.e. the amount of air supplied in particular to the cylinder chamber. With such With so-called P systems, the determination and/or detection of sooting of an air intake path has not been possible so far or is sometimes very cost-intensive using separate additional measuring systems, for example additionally provided HFMs.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung und/oder einer Erkennung einer Versottung einer Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu einer Brennkammer eines Verbrennungsmotors anzugeben, das die eingangs genannten Nachteile vermeidet, insbesondere aber kostengünstig realisierbar ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for determining and/or detecting sooting of an air intake path to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned at the beginning, but in particular can be implemented cost-effectively.

Die zuvor aufgezeigte Aufgabe ist nun zunächst durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.The previously stated task is now initially solved by the features of patent claim 1.

Wenn die Luft über eine Luft-Ansaugstrecke der Brennkammer bzw. den Brennkammern des Verbrennungsmotors zugeführt wird und der Brennkammer bzw. den Brennkammern ein Kraftstoff zugeführt wird, wird das in der Brennkammer dann vorhandene Luft- und Kraftstoffgemisch insbesondere explosionsartig verbrannt, wobei die Abgase und deren Anteile näher untersucht werden bzw. dann eine sogenannte Lambdaregelung durchführt wird.If the air is supplied to the combustion chamber or combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine via an air intake section and a fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber or combustion chambers, the air and fuel mixture then present in the combustion chamber is burned, in particular explosively, with the exhaust gases and their Shares are examined in more detail or a so-called lambda control is then carried out.

Mit Hilfe dieser bei einem Verbrennungsverfahren üblicherweise bereits existierenden Lambdaregelung wird nun auch eine zumindest teilweise Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke ermittelt und/oder erkannt, nämlich mit Hilfe einer Auswertung von mehreren Lambdareglerwerten.With the help of this lambda control, which usually already exists in a combustion process, at least partial sooting of the air intake path is now determined and/or recognized, namely with the help of an evaluation of several lambda controller values.

Es sind nun keine zusätzlichen Bauteile, wie beispielsweise die bisherigen im Stand der Technik anzuordnenden HFM's mehr notwendig, wodurch sich die Herstellungs- und Montagekosten für den Verbrennungsmotor verringern. Zudem, da nun weniger Bauteile notwendig sind, ist auch eine damit verbundene Fehlerhäufigkeit / Fehleranfälligkeit verringert, wobei aber eine entsprechende Messgenauigkeit mit Hilfe der entsprechenden ermittelten Lambdareglerwerte zusätzlich gegeben bzw. realisiert ist. Auch ist das Verfahren insbesondere bei den sogenannten "P-Systemen" anwendbar.No additional components, such as the HFMs previously installed in the prior art, are now necessary, which reduces the manufacturing and assembly costs for the internal combustion engine. In addition, since fewer components are now required, the associated error frequency/susceptibility to errors is also reduced, although a corresponding measurement accuracy is also given or realized with the help of the corresponding determined lambda controller values. The process is also particularly applicable to the so-called “P systems”.

Die Lambdareglerwerte werden in einer bestimmten Phase eines Drehzahlverlaufs des Verbrennungsmotors und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlen und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlbereiche ermittelt. Insbesondere können die Lambdareglerwerte in der Phase einer Drehzahlerhöhung der Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlbereiche des Verbrennungsmotors ermittelt werden. Hierbei werden insbesondere mehrere Lambdareglerwerte in einem bestimmten Zeitintervall oder in mehreren bestimmten Zeitintervallen ermittelt.The lambda controller values are determined in a specific phase of a speed curve of the internal combustion engine and/or for specific speeds and/or for specific speed ranges. In particular, the lambda controller values can be in the phase of increasing the speed of the internal combustion engine and/or for certain Speed ranges of the internal combustion engine can be determined. In particular, several lambda controller values are determined in a specific time interval or in several specific time intervals.

Für den Fall, dass die ermittelten Lambdareglerwerte, insbesondere alle in einer bestimmten Phase ermittelten Lambdareglerwerte, kleiner als "1" sind, bedeutet dies im Wesentlichen, dass das Verhältnis von "Luft / Kraftstoff" in diesem Augenblick / Zeitpunkt in der Brennkammer kleiner als "1" ist, dass also im Wesentlichen eine geringere Luftmenge über die Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu der Brennkammer angesaugt wird, als dies gemäß dem abgespeicherten Füllungsmodell erwünscht ist. Hieraus wird auf eine zumindest teilweise Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu der Brennkammer bzw. zu den Brennkammern des Verbrennungsmotors geschlossen. Das Verfahren basiert im Wesentlichen insbesondere auf folgendem technischen Zusammenhang:
Bei einem optimalen Verhältnis von "Luft / Kraftstoff", also bei einem optimalen Luft- und Kraftstoffgemisch ermittelt die Lambdasonde im Wesentlichen Lambdawerte von "1" bzw. von nahezu "1". Für den Fall, dass nun die Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu der Brennkammer versottet ist, wird nun im Ansaugtakt zu wenig Luft, also eine zu geringe Luftmenge angesaugt. In der Brennkammer liegt ein sogenanntes "fettes Gemisch" vor, die von der Lambdasonde ermittelten Lambdawerte sind daher kleiner als "1" (λ < "1"). Da eine Lambdaregelung realisiert ist, wird nun mit Hilfe des Lambdareglers und der nun einzustellenden Lambdareglerwerte (Rλ) versucht, wieder ein optimales Luft- und Kraftstoffgemisch zu realisieren. Aus diesem Grunde werden bei Lambdawerten kleiner als "1" (λ < "1") dann die Lambdareglerwerte (Rλ) "quasi" den Lambdawerten nachgeführt. Die Lambdareglerwerte bilden den entsprechenden Faktor der die Kraftstoffeinspritzung in die Brennkammer korrigieren soll. Liegt also in der Brennkammer aufgrund der zu wenig zugeführten Luftmenge ein zu "fettes" Luft- und Kraftstoffgemisch vor (λ < "1") wird mit Hilfe von sich einstellenden Lambdareglerwerten (RA < "1") dann die Kraftstoffmenge, die im nächsten Ansaugtakt eingespritzt wird, entsprechend verringert, nämlich mit einem Lambdareglerwert kleiner als "1". Mit Hilfe einer Auswertung von mehreren Lambdareglerwerten (Rλ) kann daher die Versottung einer Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu der Brennkammer, insbesondere zu der Zylinderkammer eines Verbrennungsmotors erkannt und/oder ermittelt werden, weil bei einer vorliegenden Versottung mit Hilfe des Lambdareglers bzw. der Lambdaregelung dann versucht wird, die Kraftstoffmenge, die eingespritzt wird, zu verringern, insbesondere der aufgrund der Versottung nur geringer angesaugten Luftmenge anzupassen. Einfach ausgedrückt: Werden mehrere Lambdareglerwerte kleiner als "1" ermittelt, insbesondere sequentiell aufeinanderfolgend kann auf eine Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke rückgeschlossen werden.In the event that the determined lambda controller values, in particular all lambda controller values determined in a specific phase, are less than "1", this essentially means that the ratio of "air / fuel" at this moment / point in time in the combustion chamber is less than "1" is that essentially a smaller amount of air is sucked in via the air intake path to the combustion chamber than is desired according to the stored filling model. From this it is concluded that the air intake path to the combustion chamber or combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine is at least partially sooted. The process is essentially based on the following technical context:
With an optimal ratio of "air / fuel", i.e. with an optimal air and fuel mixture, the lambda sensor essentially determines lambda values of "1" or almost "1". In the event that the air intake path to the combustion chamber is blocked, too little air, i.e. too small an amount of air, is sucked in during the intake cycle. There is a so-called "rich mixture" in the combustion chamber; the lambda values determined by the lambda sensor are therefore less than "1" (λ <"1"). Since lambda control has been implemented, an attempt is now made to achieve an optimal air and fuel mixture again with the help of the lambda controller and the lambda controller values (Rλ) that must now be set. For this reason, if lambda values are less than "1" (λ <"1"), the lambda controller values (Rλ) "virtually" track the lambda values. The lambda controller values form the corresponding factor that is intended to correct the fuel injection into the combustion chamber. If the air and fuel mixture is too "rich" in the combustion chamber due to the insufficient amount of air supplied (λ <"1"), the amount of fuel that is required in the next intake stroke is then determined with the help of the lambda controller values (RA <"1") is injected, reduced accordingly, namely with a lambda controller value less than "1". With the help of an evaluation of several lambda controller values (Rλ), the sooting of an air intake path to the combustion chamber, in particular to the cylinder chamber of an internal combustion engine, can be recognized and / or determined, because if sooting is present, an attempt is made with the help of the lambda controller or lambda control is to reduce the amount of fuel that is injected, in particular to adapt it to the small amount of air sucked in due to the sooting. Simply put: there will be several Lambda controller values smaller than "1" are determined, especially sequentially, and it can be concluded that the air intake path is sooted.

Insbesondere wird eine Vielzahl von Lambdareglerwerten während einer Drehzahlerhöhung des Verbrennungsmotors ermittelt und es wird dann aufgrund der Lambdareglerwerte eine Ausgleichskurve berechnet und/oder ermittelt. Für den Fall, dass die Ausgleichskurve eine negative Steigung aufweist, was der Fall ist, wenn die Lambdareglerwerte kleiner als "1" sind, wird hieraus auf eine Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke geschlossen bzw. wird hierdurch eine Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke ermittelt bzw. erkannt. Insbesondere wird eine Ausgleichsgerade bestimmt oder ermittelt. Insbesondere wird für den Fall, dass die Ausgleichskurve, insbesondere dieAusgleichsgerade eine negative Steigung aufweist, eine Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke festgestellt. Die Ermittlung der Vielzahl von Lambdareglerwerten muss aber nicht unbedingt während einer Drehzahlerhöhung des Verbrennungsmotors realisiert werden. Denkbar ist, wie bereits oben erwähnt, dass die Lambdareglerwerte in einer bestimmten Phase eines Drehzahlverlaufs des Verbrennungsmotors und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlen und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlbereiche ermittelt werden, hier gibt es unterschiedliche Realisierungsmöglichkeiten.In particular, a large number of lambda controller values are determined during an increase in the speed of the internal combustion engine and a compensation curve is then calculated and/or determined based on the lambda controller values. In the event that the compensation curve has a negative slope, which is the case if the lambda controller values are less than "1", it is concluded from this that the air intake section is sooted or this determines sooting of the air intake section or recognized. In particular, a straight line of compensation is determined or determined. In particular, in the event that the compensation curve, in particular the compensation straight line, has a negative slope, sooting of the air intake path is determined. However, the determination of the large number of lambda controller values does not necessarily have to be realized while the speed of the internal combustion engine is increasing. It is conceivable, as already mentioned above, that the lambda controller values are determined in a specific phase of a speed curve of the internal combustion engine and/or for specific speeds and/or for specific speed ranges; there are different implementation options here.

Diese Prozedur / Verfahrensschritte werden insbesondere im Motorsteuergerät durchgeführt bzw. aufgrund der dem Motorsteuergerät übermittelten Signale und/oder dort berechneten Werte entsprechend realisiert.These procedures/procedural steps are carried out in particular in the engine control unit or are implemented accordingly based on the signals transmitted to the engine control unit and/or values calculated there.

Für den Fall, dass eine Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu einer Brennkammer oder zu den Brennkammern ermittelt worden ist, wird insbesondere auch dann ein Maß für diese Versottung ermittelt, insbesondere aufgrund des ermittelten negativen Steigungswertes der Ausgleichskurve, insbesondere der Ausgleichsgeraden. Je größer der Betrag des negativen Steigungswertes der Ausgleichskurve, insbesondere der Ausgleichsgeraden, je größer ist die Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke.In the event that sooting of the air intake path to a combustion chamber or to the combustion chambers has been determined, a measure of this sooting is also determined, in particular based on the determined negative slope value of the compensation curve, in particular the compensation straight line. The greater the amount of the negative slope value of the compensation curve, in particular the compensation straight line, the greater the sooting of the air intake path.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird mindestens ein Korrekturwert ermittelt, mit Hilfe dessen dann ein im Motorsteuergerät gespeichertes Füllungsmodell, insbesondere die Füllungserfassung und/oder die Füllungssteuerung adaptiert und/oder aktuell stetig angepasst wird.In the embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least one correction value is determined, with the help of which a filling model stored in the engine control unit, in particular the filling detection and / or the filling control, is then adapted and / or currently continuously adjusted.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens werden mehrere Lambdareglerwerte insbesondere in einem bestimmten Zeitintervall oder in mehreren bestimmten Zeitintervallen ermittelt. Hierauf basierend kann dann mindestens ein Korrekturwert, insbesondere können aber mehrere Korrekturwerte, jeweils drehzahlabhängig ermittelt werden. Mit Hilfe dieser Korrekturwerte kann das im Motorsteuergerät abgespeicherte Füllungsmodell adaptiert werden, insbesondere stetig adaptiert und/oder angepasst werden. Derartige Lambdareglerwerte können zwar für eine bestimmte Phase, insbesondere für eine Drehzahlerhöhung des Verbrennungsmotors, und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlen (Betriebspunkte) und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlbereiche ermittelt und ausgewertet werden. Eine feine Justierung / Adaptierung des im Motorsteuergerätes abgespeicherten Füllungsmodelles ist daher insbesondere auch mit Hilfe von drehzahlabhängig ermittelten Korrekturwerten realisierbar.In a further preferred embodiment of the method, several lambda controller values are measured, in particular in a specific time interval or in several determined at certain time intervals. Based on this, at least one correction value, but in particular several correction values, can then be determined depending on the speed. With the help of these correction values, the filling model stored in the engine control unit can be adapted, in particular continuously adapted and/or adjusted. Such lambda controller values can be determined and evaluated for a specific phase, in particular for an increase in the speed of the internal combustion engine, and/or for specific speeds (operating points) and/or for specific speed ranges. A fine adjustment/adaptation of the filling model stored in the engine control unit can therefore also be achieved in particular with the help of correction values determined depending on the speed.

Insbesondere wird bei dem im Motorsteuergerät abgespeicherten Füllungsmodell die Füllungserfassung mit Hilfe der Korrekturwerte korrigiert bzw. adaptiert. Die Leistung des Verbrennungsmotors wird optimal gesteuert, insbesondere wird die aufgrund der anfänglich zu geringen Luftmenge reduzierte Leistung des Verbrennungsmotors wieder entsprechend erhöht bzw. durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren entsprechend dann ausgeglichen.In particular, in the filling model stored in the engine control unit, the filling detection is corrected or adapted using the correction values. The performance of the internal combustion engine is optimally controlled, in particular the performance of the internal combustion engine, which was reduced due to the initially too small amount of air, is increased again accordingly or is then compensated for by the method according to the invention.

Es gibt nun eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten, das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in vorteilhafter Art und Weise auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Hierfür darf zunächst auf die dem Patentanspruch 1 nachgeordneten Patentansprüche verwiesen werden. Im Folgenden wird nun eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Verfahrens anhand der Zeichnung und der dazugehörigen Beschreibung näher erläutert werden. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig. 1
in schematischer Darstellung den Drehzahlverlauf nMot eines Verbrennungsmotors über der Zeit t während einer Drehzahlerhöhung bzw. über die Zeit t den Verlauf RλVerlauf von Lambdareglerwerten (bzw. die hierdurch dargestellte Gemischabweichung) sowie die Ermittlung / Darstellung einer entsprechenden Ausgleichskurve, hier insbesondere einer Ausgleichsgeraden GA bei der Versottung einer Luft-Ansaugstrecke, sowie
Fig. 2
in schematischer Darstellung den Drehzahlverlauf nMot eines Verbrennungsmotors über die Zeit t während einer Drehzahlerhöhung bzw. über die Zeit t den Verlauf RλVerlauf von Lambdareglerwerten nach der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bzw. nach der Ermittlung und/oder Erkennung der Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke bzw. nach erfolgter Adaption des im Motorsteuergerät abgespeicherten Füllungmodelles.
There are now a variety of possibilities for designing and developing the method according to the invention in an advantageous manner. For this purpose, reference may first be made to the patent claims subordinate to claim 1. A preferred embodiment of the method will now be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing and the associated description. In the drawing shows:
Fig. 1
in a schematic representation the speed curve n Mot of an internal combustion engine over time t during a speed increase or over time t the curve Rλ curve of lambda controller values (or the mixture deviation represented thereby) as well as the determination / representation of a corresponding compensation curve, here in particular a compensation straight line G A when sooting an air intake line, as well
Fig. 2
in a schematic representation the speed curve n Mot of an internal combustion engine over time t during a speed increase or over time t the curve Rλ curve of lambda controller values after carrying out the method according to the invention or after determining and / or recognizing the sooting of the air intake path or . after the filling model stored in the engine control unit has been adapted.

Die Fig. 1 und 2 sollen nun das Verfahren zur Ermittlung und/oder zur Erkennung einer Versottung einer Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu mindestens einer Brennkammer eines Verbrennungsmotors verdeutlichen, insbesondere zur Ermittlung der Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke zu mindestens einer Zylinderkammer des Verbrennungsmotors eines Kraftfahrzeugs, insbesondere eines Ottomotors. Aber auch bei anderen Verbrennungsmotoren, teils bei Dieselmotoren, ist die Anwendung dieses Verfahrens denkbar bzw. möglich.The Fig. 1 and 2 The aim is now to illustrate the method for determining and/or detecting sooting of an air intake path to at least one combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in particular for determining the sooting of the air intake path to at least one cylinder chamber of the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, in particular a gasoline engine. But the use of this process is also conceivable or possible for other internal combustion engines, including diesel engines.

Die Luft wird über eine Luft-Ansaugstrecke der Brennkammer des Verbrennungsmotors und/oder den Brennkammern zugeführt. Hierbei kann der Verbrennungsmotor mehrere Brennkammern, insbesondere vier Brennkammern, sechs Brennkammern oder sogar eine weitere Vielzahl von Brennkammern aufweisen. In der jeweiligen Brennkammer wird auch ein Kraftstoff bzw. eine jeweilige Kraftstoffmenge zugeführt. Ist der sogenannte Ansaugtakt des Verbrennungsmotors abgeschlossen, wird in der Brennkammer dann das vorhandene Luft- und Kraftstoffgemisch explosionsartig verbrannt.The air is supplied to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and/or the combustion chambers via an air intake section. The internal combustion engine can have several combustion chambers, in particular four combustion chambers, six combustion chambers or even a further number of combustion chambers. A fuel or a respective amount of fuel is also supplied to the respective combustion chamber. Once the so-called intake cycle of the internal combustion engine is completed, the existing air and fuel mixture is then explosively burned in the combustion chamber.

Bei Verbrennungsmotoren von Kraftfahrzeugen ist insbesondere mit Hilfe einer Lambdasonde eine Lambdaregelung vorgesehen bzw. vorhanden, wodurch einerseits das Abgasgemisch näher untersucht bzw. die entsprechenden Anteile des Abgasgemisches ermittelt werden können, insbesondere die entsprechenden Signale der Lambdasonde dann dem Motorsteuergerät zugeführt werden. Dem Motorsteuergerät liegen daher die entsprechenden Signale / Werte der Lambdasonde vor bzw. werden die entsprechenden Lambdawerte innerhalb des Motorsteuergerätes berechnet. Im Motorsteuergerät liegen aber nicht nur die Lambdawerte vor, sondern aufgrund der Lambdaregelung auch die entsprechenden Lambdareglerwerte bzw. werden diese für die Lambdaregelung ermittelt und/oder berechnet.In the case of internal combustion engines of motor vehicles, a lambda control system is provided or present, in particular with the aid of a lambda sensor, whereby, on the one hand, the exhaust gas mixture can be examined in more detail or the corresponding proportions of the exhaust gas mixture can be determined, in particular the corresponding signals from the lambda sensor can then be fed to the engine control unit. The engine control unit therefore has the corresponding signals/values from the lambda sensor or the corresponding lambda values are calculated within the engine control unit. Not only are the lambda values available in the engine control unit, but also the corresponding lambda controller values due to the lambda control or these are determined and/or calculated for the lambda control.

Zumindest wird eine teilweise Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke mit Hilfe einer Auswertung von Lambdareglerwerten Rλ ermittelt und/oder erkannt. Dies erfolgt insbesondere mit Hilfe des Motorsteuergerätes.At least partial sooting of the air intake path is determined and/or recognized with the help of an evaluation of lambda controller values Rλ. This is done in particular with the help of the engine control unit.

Fig. 1 zeigt nun über die Zeit t eine Drehzahlerhöhung des Verbrennungsmotors, die hier insbesondere bzw. hier beispielhaft linear erfolgt, Fig. 1 zeigt also hier den Verlauf für die Drehzahl nMot des Verbrennungsmotors bei einer Drehzahlerhöhung. Fig. 1 now shows an increase in the speed of the internal combustion engine over time t, which here in particular or here as an example occurs linearly, Fig. 1 shows the curve for the speed n Mot of the internal combustion engine when the speed increases.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird insbesondere anhand der hier dargestellten Fig. 1 und 2 erläutert, insbesondere am Beispiel der Drehzahlerhöhung der Drehzahl nMot eines Verbrennungsmotors. Denkbar ist auch, was hier aber nicht dargestellt ist, dass die Lambdareglerwerte nicht in der bestimmten Phase einer Drehzahlerhöhung, sondern in einer anderen bestimmten Phase eines Drehzahlverlaufs des Verbrennungsmotors und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlen und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlbereiche ermittelt werden. Insbesondere werden aber mehrere Lambdareglerwerte Rλ in einem bestimmten Zeitintervall oder in mehreren bestimmten Zeitintervallen ermittelt. Dies ist abhängig von der spezifischen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, das hier nun anhand der Fig. 1 und 2 nochmals insbesondere für die bestimmte Phase einer Drehzahlerhöhung des Verbrennungsmotors erläutert werden darf:
In einer bestimmten Phase, nämlich in der Phase dieser, hier in Fig. 1 dargestellten Drehzahlerhöhung der Drehzahl nMot des Verbrennungsmotors, werden nun mehrere Lambdareglerwerte Rλ ermittelt und/oder ausgewertet, insbesondere werden die jeweiligen Lambdareglerwerte Rλ permanent während der Drehzahlerhöhung ermittelt. Für den Fall, dass die ermittelten Lambdareglerwerte Rλ, insbesondere sequentiell hintereinander ermittelte Lambdareglerwerte Rλ kleiner als "1" sind (Rλ < 1), bedeutet dies, dass - wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt - der Verlauf RλVerlauf (des Abgasgemisches) über den zeitlichen Verlauf der Drehzahlerhöhung der Drehzahl nMot des Verbrennungsmotors bzw. über die Zeit t fällt. Bei einer optimalen Verbrennung wären die entsprechenden Lambdareglerwerte Rλ im Wesentlichen = "1" (Rλ = 1). Letzteres ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt, die den Verlauf RλVerlauf der Lambdareglerwerte nach der Korrektur des Füllungsmodells bzw. nach der Korrektur der Versottung durch das Füllungsmodell darstellen soll. Hier ist erkennbar, dass die Lambdareglerwerte Rλ leicht um den Wert "1" schwanken, aber im Wesentlichen eben nicht stetig fallen, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Mit dem Ausdruck "im Wesentlichen = 1" ist also auch das in Fig. 2 dargestellte "Schwanken" der Lambdareglerwerte um den Wert "1" mit umfasst, insbesondere im Bereich von 0,97 bis 1,03.The method according to the invention is particularly illustrated here Fig. 1 and 2 explained, in particular using the example of increasing the speed n Mot one internal combustion engine. It is also conceivable, but not shown here, that the lambda controller values are determined not in the specific phase of a speed increase, but in another specific phase of a speed curve of the internal combustion engine and/or for specific speeds and/or for specific speed ranges. In particular, however, several lambda controller values Rλ are determined in a specific time interval or in several specific time intervals. This depends on the specific embodiment of the method according to the invention, which is now based on the Fig. 1 and 2 It may be explained again, in particular for the specific phase of an increase in the speed of the internal combustion engine:
In a certain phase, namely in the phase of this one, here in Fig. 1 illustrated speed increase of the speed n Mot of the internal combustion engine, several lambda controller values Rλ are now determined and / or evaluated, in particular the respective lambda controller values Rλ are permanently determined during the speed increase. In the event that the determined lambda controller values Rλ, in particular lambda controller values Rλ determined sequentially one after the other, are smaller than "1" (Rλ < 1), this means that - as in Fig. 1 shown - the course Rλ course (of the exhaust gas mixture) over the time course of the speed increase of the speed n Mot of the internal combustion engine or over the time t falls. With optimal combustion, the corresponding lambda controller values Rλ would essentially = "1" (Rλ = 1). The latter is in Fig. 2 shown, which is intended to represent the course Rλ course of the lambda controller values after the correction of the filling model or after the correction of the sooting by the filling model. Here it can be seen that the lambda controller values Rλ fluctuate slightly around the value "1", but essentially do not fall steadily, as in Fig. 1 shown. So with the expression "essentially = 1" this is also in Fig. 2 shown "fluctuations" of the lambda controller values around the value "1", in particular in the range from 0.97 to 1.03.

Hier für den in der Fig. 1 dargestellten Fall des Verlaufes RλVerlauf, also der dortigen Lambdareglerwerte Rλ kleiner als "1" bedeutet dies, dass hierbei die Luftmenge in der Brennkammer des Verbrennungsmotors größer ist als die gewünschte Luftmenge. Weil die Lambdareglerwerte Rλ direkt auf die Kraftstoffeinspritzmenge als Faktor wirken und kleiner als "1" sind, und hierdurch versucht wird, die Kraftstoffmenge zu reduzieren, damit die Lambdawerte / Lambdareglerwerte wieder den gewünschten Wert "1" einnehmen bzw. dann auch die Lambdareglerwerte Rλ nach der Korrektur des Füllungsmodelles wieder im Wesentlichen um den Wert "1" schwanken, so wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Aus Fig. 1 ist daher erkennbar, dass die Lambdareglerwerte Rλ in der Phase einer Drehzahlerhöhung der Drehzahl nMot des Verbrennungsmotors sequentiell hintereinander ermittelt und ausgewertet werden, wobei, so wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, hier mehrere Lambdareglerwerte Rλ ermittelt werden, die alle kleiner als "1" sind, insbesondere über die Zeit t sich weiter verringern. Wie bereits oben erläutert, kann dies nicht nur für eine Drehzahlerhöhung der Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors durchgeführt werden, sondern mehrere Lambdareglerwerte können für bestimmte Drehzahlbereiche und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlen (Drehzahlpunkte) ermittelt und ausgewertet werden, um das Füllungsmodell entsprechend zu korrigieren, nachdem mit Hilfe der Auswertung der Lambdareglerwerte die Versottung festgestellt worden ist.Here for the one in the Fig. 1 In the illustrated case of the course Rλ course , i.e. the lambda controller values Rλ there are less than "1", this means that the amount of air in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is larger than the desired amount of air. Because the lambda controller values Rλ act directly as a factor on the fuel injection quantity and are smaller than "1", and this attempts to reduce the fuel quantity so that the lambda values / lambda controller values return to the desired value "1" or then also the lambda controller values Rλ the correction of the filling model fluctuates again essentially around the value "1", as in Fig. 2 shown. Out of Fig. 1 It can therefore be seen that the lambda controller values Rλ are determined sequentially one after the other in the phase of a speed increase of the speed n Mot of the internal combustion engine and be evaluated, whereby, as in Fig. 1 shown here, several lambda controller values Rλ are determined, which are all smaller than "1", and in particular continue to decrease over time t. As already explained above, this can not only be done to increase the speed of the internal combustion engine, but several lambda controller values can be determined and evaluated for specific speed ranges and/or for specific speeds (speed points) in order to correct the filling model accordingly after using The sooting has been detected by evaluating the lambda controller values.

Insbesondere werden gemäß Fig. 1 bzw. Fig. 2 während der Drehzahlerhöhung der Drehzahl nMot des Verbrennungsmotors dann eine Vielzahl von Lambdareglerwerten Rλ ermittelt, wobei dann aufgrund der Lambdareglerwerte Rλ eine Ausgleichskurve, insbesondere eine Ausgleichsgerade GA berechnet und/oder ermittelt wird, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Die Ausgleichsgerade GA ist hier in Fig. 1 entsprechend dargestellt und im Wesentlichen aufgrund der ermittelten Lambdareglerwerte Rλ insbesondere entsprechend "interpoliert". Es kann auch eine Ausgleichskurve anstelle einer Ausgleichsgeraden berechnet werden.In particular, according to Fig. 1 or. Fig. 2 During the speed increase of the speed n Mot of the internal combustion engine, a large number of lambda controller values Rλ are then determined, in which case a compensation curve, in particular a compensation line G A , is then calculated and/or determined based on the lambda controller values Rλ, as in Fig. 1 shown. The best fit line G A is here Fig. 1 shown accordingly and essentially “interpolated” accordingly based on the determined lambda controller values Rλ. A compensation curve can also be calculated instead of a compensation straight line.

Gut ersichtlich in Fig. 1 ist, dass hier die Ausgleichskurve, insbesondere die Ausgleichsgerade GA eine negative Steigung, also eine Steigung kleiner als "0" aufweist. Hieraus kann dann auf eine Versottung der Luft-Ansaugstrecke rückgeschlossen werden.Clearly visible in Fig. 1 is that here the compensation curve, in particular the compensation line G A , has a negative slope, i.e. a slope smaller than "0". From this it can then be concluded that the air intake line is sooted.

Es kann nun für den Fall, dass eine Versottung ermittelt worden ist, auch ein Maß für diese Versottung insbesondere aufgrund des ermittelten negativen Steigungswertes der Ausgleichskurve, insbesondere der Ausgleichsgeraden GA ermittelt werden. Insbesondere entspricht der Betrag des negativen Steigungswertes der Ausgleichskurve, insbesondere der Ausgleichsgeraden dem Maß der Versottung, d.h. je größer die Versottung, je größer ist der Betrag der negativen Steigung der Ausgleichsgerade GA.In the event that sooting has been determined, a measure of this sooting can now also be determined, in particular based on the determined negative slope value of the compensation curve, in particular the compensation straight line G A. In particular, the amount of the negative slope value of the compensation curve, in particular the compensation line, corresponds to the extent of the sooting, ie the greater the sooting, the greater the amount of the negative slope of the compensation line G A.

In der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird mindestens ein Korrekturwert ermittelt, mit dessen Hilfe ein im Motorsteuergerät gespeichertes Füllungsmodell, insbesondere die Füllungserfassung und/oder die Füllungssteuerung adaptiert wird.In the embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least one correction value is determined, with the help of which a filling model stored in the engine control unit, in particular the filling detection and/or the filling control, is adapted.

In der ganz besonders bevorzugten weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden aber mehrere Lambdareglerwerte in einem bestimmten Zeitintervall oder in mehreren bestimmten Zeitintervallen für bestimmte Drehzahlbereiche des Verbrennungsmotors ermittelt. Hierdurch können insbesondere mehrere Korrekturwerte jeweils drehzahlabhängig ermittelt werden, so dass für unterschiedliche Drehzahlen / Drehzahländerungen des Verbrennungsmotors das Füllungsmodell adaptiert werden kann.In the very particularly preferred further embodiment of the method according to the invention, however, several lambda controller values are determined in a specific time interval or in several specific time intervals for specific speed ranges of the internal combustion engine. This allows, in particular, several correction values can be determined depending on the speed, so that the filling model can be adapted for different speeds/changes in speed of the internal combustion engine.

Insbesondere können mehrere Korrekturwerte, insbesondere daher jeweils drehzahlabhängig ermittelt werden. Mit Hilfe der Korrekturwerte kann das Füllungsmodell korrigiert, insbesondere stetig adaptiert werden. Insbesondere erfolgt die Ermittlung der Korrekturwerte und/oder die Adaption des Füllungsmodelles stetig, insbesondere daher bei jeder Drehzahlerhöhung und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlen und/oder für bestimmte Drehzahlbereiche.In particular, several correction values can be determined, in particular depending on the speed. With the help of the correction values, the filling model can be corrected, in particular continuously adapted. In particular, the determination of the correction values and/or the adaptation of the filling model takes place continuously, in particular with every increase in speed and/or for certain speeds and/or for certain speed ranges.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sind die eingangs genannten Nachteile verringert, insbesondere ist die kostengünstige Herstellung eines Verbrennungsmotors ohne weitere zusätzliche Bauteile ermöglicht, da das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bereits mit dem bei einem Verbrennungsmotor bestehenden Komponenten steuerungs- und/oder regelungstechnisch kostengünstig realisiert werden kann.The method according to the invention reduces the disadvantages mentioned at the beginning, in particular the cost-effective production of an internal combustion engine without further additional components is possible, since the method according to the invention can already be implemented cost-effectively in terms of control and / or regulation technology using the components existing in an internal combustion engine.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTEREFERENCE SYMBOL LIST

nMotnMot
Drehzahl des VerbrennungsmotorsSpeed of the internal combustion engine
tt
ZeitTime
GAGA
Ausgleichskurve, insbesondere AusgleichsgeradeCompensation curve, especially compensation straight line
RλRλ
LambdareglerwerteLambda controller values
RλVerlaufRλ gradient
Verlauf der LambdareglerwerteHistory of the lambda controller values
nn
Drehzahlenspeeds

Claims (8)

  1. Method for determining and/or detecting sooting in an air intake to at least one combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in particular for determining the sooting in the air intake to at least one cylinder chamber of the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, wherein air is supplied via an air intake to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein a fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber, wherein the air and fuel mixture then present in the combustion chamber is combusted and wherein lambda control is carried out by means of a lambda sensor and a lambda controller,
    characterized in that at least partial sooting of the air intake is determined and/or detected by means of an evaluation of a plurality of lambda controller values (Rλ), in that a multiplicity of lambda controller values (Rλ) smaller than "1" is determined and then a compensation curve is calculated and/or determined on the basis of these lambda controller values (Rλ), in that, if the compensation curve has a negative gradient, sooting of the air intake is determined, and in that, if sooting has been determined, at least one correction value is determined by means of which a filling model stored in the engine control unit is adapted.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the lambda controller values (Rλ) are determined in a specific phase of a speed profile of the internal combustion engine (nMot) and/or for specific speeds and/or for specific speed ranges.
  3. Method according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the lambda controller values (Rλ) are determined in the phase of a speed increase of the speed (nMot) of the internal combustion engine and/or for specific speed ranges of the internal combustion engine, in particular in that a plurality of lambda controller values (Rλ) are determined in a specific time interval or in multiple specific time intervals.
  4. Method according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the filling detection and/or the filling control is adapted in the filling model.
  5. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a compensation line (GA) is calculated and/or determined.
  6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, if sooting has been determined, a measure of the sooting is determined, in particular on the basis of the determined negative gradient value of the compensation curve, in particular the compensation line (GA).
  7. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a correction value or a plurality of correction values is determined, in particular in each case on the basis of the speed.
  8. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determination of the correction values and/or the adaptation of the filling model is carried out continuously, in particular at each speed increase and/or for specific speeds and/or for specific speed ranges.
EP19731713.4A 2018-06-21 2019-06-17 Method for determining and/or detecting an accumulation of soot in an air intake to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine Active EP3810916B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102018210099.3A DE102018210099A1 (en) 2018-06-21 2018-06-21 Method for determining and / or recognizing sooting of an air intake path to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2019/065865 WO2019243248A1 (en) 2018-06-21 2019-06-17 Method for determining and/or detecting an accumulation of soot in an air intake to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine

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EP3810916B1 true EP3810916B1 (en) 2023-09-27

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DE19750191A1 (en) * 1997-09-24 1999-03-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Procedure for monitoring load determination of IC engine
DE60206670T2 (en) * 2001-02-01 2006-06-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki, Kariya Device for fault diagnosis of an engine intake system
DE10147977A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-10 Volkswagen Ag Method for detecting a leak in the intake port of an internal combustion engine and a correspondingly configured internal combustion engine
DE10215406B4 (en) * 2002-04-08 2015-06-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for controlling a motor
DE102005019017B4 (en) * 2005-04-21 2007-01-18 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Method and device for fault diagnosis for internal combustion engines
JP4706487B2 (en) * 2006-01-18 2011-06-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Fuel injection control device for internal combustion engine
DE102008012607B4 (en) * 2008-03-05 2013-03-14 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method and device for determining an adaptation value for setting an air-fuel ratio of an injection system of an internal combustion engine
GB2461301B (en) * 2008-06-27 2012-08-22 Gm Global Tech Operations Inc A method for detecting faults in the air system of internal combustion engines
DE102010051035B4 (en) * 2010-11-11 2022-03-10 Daimler Ag Method of correcting an air/fuel mixture error
DE102013212232A1 (en) 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for detecting a defective, in particular scorched inlet valve or exhaust valve
DE102013113157A1 (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-05-28 Daimler Ag Method and device for regulating a charge in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine
DE102016211232A1 (en) * 2016-06-23 2017-12-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh A method of detecting soot deposits in an air intake area of an internal combustion engine

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WO2019243248A1 (en) 2019-12-26
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DE102018210099A1 (en) 2019-12-24

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