EP3795885A1 - Installation de détente de gaz pourvue d'installation de fabrication de gnl - Google Patents

Installation de détente de gaz pourvue d'installation de fabrication de gnl Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3795885A1
EP3795885A1 EP20190940.5A EP20190940A EP3795885A1 EP 3795885 A1 EP3795885 A1 EP 3795885A1 EP 20190940 A EP20190940 A EP 20190940A EP 3795885 A1 EP3795885 A1 EP 3795885A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
vortex tube
outlet
fraction
expansion system
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EP20190940.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3795885B1 (fr
EP3795885B9 (fr
Inventor
Steffen Päßler
Holger Sprung
Karsten Skorzus
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Ontras Gastransport GmbH
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Ontras Gastransport GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • F17D1/04—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours for distribution of gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0225—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using other external refrigeration means not provided before, e.g. heat driven absorption chillers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0232—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes integration within a pressure letdown station of a high pressure pipeline system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
    • F25J1/0242—Waste heat recovery, e.g. from heat of compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/068—Distribution pipeline networks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • F17D1/065—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours
    • F17D1/075—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours by mere expansion from an initial pressure level, e.g. by arrangement of a flow-control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/10—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using combined expansion and separation, e.g. in a vortex tube, "Ranque tube" or a "cyclonic fluid separator", i.e. combination of an isentropic nozzle and a cyclonic separator; Centrifugal separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F25J2270/908—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by regenerative chillers, i.e. oscillating or dynamic systems, e.g. Stirling refrigerator, thermoelectric ("Peltier") or magnetic refrigeration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas expansion system for the expansion and quantity control of gas for use between a first gas source located upstream of the gas, such as a gas tank, a medium-pressure gas network or high-pressure gas network or a cavern storage facility and a second, downstream Gassenke, such as a consumer, a low-pressure gas network or a gas supply line, comprising at least one first vortex tube which is in flow connection with the first gas source located upstream, the gas from the gas source flowing into the at least one first vortex tube in a tangential inlet, and from two outlets in the form of a first outlet for a first cold fraction of the Gas and flows out in the form of a second outlet for a second warm fraction of the gas.
  • a first gas source located upstream of the gas such as a gas tank, a medium-pressure gas network or high-pressure gas network or a cavern storage facility and a second, downstream Gassenke, such as a consumer, a low-pressure gas network or a gas supply line,
  • wet natural gas i.e. methane (CH 4 ) with admixtures of nitrogen (N 2 ), possibly acidic gases such as hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as well as moisture in the form of water vapor (H 2 O) and small amounts of ethane (C 2 H 6 , 1% to 15%), propane (C 3 H 8 , 1% to 10%), butane (C 4 H 10 ), ethene (C 2 H 4 ) and pentanes (C 5 H 12 ) , tends to freeze up due to the Joule-Thomson effect when it cools down significantly. When freezing, methane hydrate (CH 4 ⁇ 5.75 H 2 O) in particular precipitates from wet natural gas.
  • methane hydrate CH 4 ⁇ 5.75 H 2 O
  • Methane hydrate is a clathrate compound in which water and methane form a cage compound. On the outside, methane hydrate looks like snow or hoar frost and, once it has formed in the cold, can reach temperatures of up to 20 ° C. At room temperature, i.e. at around 20 ° C, methane hydrate is thermodynamically unstable; however, the clathrate compound tends to remain in the overheated state before it breaks down again into the gas components.
  • the hydrate can clog the gas line, narrow the gas line cross-section, clog or immobilize valves or pressure regulating valves, block the mechanical control path of diaphragms of pressure regulators and flow meters block access to the gas flow.
  • the formation of ice, methane hydrate or other gas hydrates in a gas supply line can quickly lead to a dangerous damage to the line, which is dangerous to life and limb.
  • DD 108 146 In the East German patent specification DD 108 146 a device for liquefaction or refrigeration is disclosed. According to the guiding principle in DD 108 146 is intended to direct gas from a high pressure source through a vortex tube. The hot fraction that flows out of the vortex tube is either fed to a further process or fed back to the high-pressure side via a heat exchanger and recompressor. The cold gas flow, on the other hand, is fed to further liquefaction. Although this process is suitable for liquefying gas, it is quite energy inefficient.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an energy-efficient and at the same time robust and therefore non-seasonal process for gas expansion.
  • the cold fraction of the gas flowing out of the first outlet of the at least one vortex tube is in flow connection with an inlet of at least one second vortex tube and from two outlets in the form of a first outlet for a first cold fraction of the gas and in the form a second outlet for a second warm fraction of the gas flows out, wherein the warm fraction of the at least one second vortex tube is in flow connection with the second, downstream Gassenke, and wherein the cold fraction of the at least one second vortex tube is in flow connection with an outlet for liquefied gas.
  • This circuit is a cascade of at least two vortex tubes that are connected to one another as a cascade on their side of the cold fraction.
  • the outlets of the vortex tubes for the hot fraction are each connected to a gas discharge network with a corresponding pressure.
  • the last vortex tube in the cascade leads to a liquefaction of the gas.
  • the liquid gas is stored and is intended for further use by customers for liquid gas.
  • This cascade connection is rather energy inefficient for the production of liquid gas.
  • the aim of the invention is not to produce liquid gas, but gas that is under high pressure and comes, for example, from a pipeline, from a gas supply line or from a gas storage facility, so that the temperature of the relaxed gas meets the requirements of the State variables for in gas supply lines met.
  • the liquefied gas occurring during the gas expansion only reaches about 2% to 5% of the total gas flowing through the system in the gas expansion system according to the invention.
  • the heat from 5% of the gas flowing through the gas expansion system is transferred to the remaining 95% of the gas flowing into the downstream gas discharge networks without it being necessary to heat the gas flowing into the downstream gas discharge networks or use atmospheric heat exchangers.
  • the gas expansion system thus works in summer and also in winter, regardless of the location or the climatic region of the Gas expansion system. It is advantageous here that only about 5% occur as liquid gas as a by-product, since this proportion is roughly the part that is bought from the market as liquid gas.
  • At least one third vortex tube is connected between the at least one second vortex tube and the outlet for liquefied gas, the second outlet of the at least one first vortex tube being connected to a high-pressure gas network as a sink, the second The outlet of the at least one second vortex tube is connected to a gas medium pressure network as a sink, and wherein the second outlet of the at least one third vortex tube is connected to a low pressure gas network as a sink.
  • This optional gas expansion system has three vortex tube stages and distributes and expands the gas on the high pressure side in three different gas discharge networks with different pressures.
  • At least one refrigerating machine is connected to the at least one second vortex tube and the outlet for liquefied gas, the waste heat from the refrigerating machine being passed through a heat exchanger into the gas flow, which is the hot fraction from the second
  • the outlet of the at least one second vortex tube flows and is connected to a gas medium pressure network as a sink.
  • This optional gas expansion system has two vortex tube stages and distributes and expands the gas on the high pressure side in two different gas discharge networks with different pressures. Depending on the desired pressure on the medium and low pressure side, it may be possible that the volume work on the vortex tubes acting as throttles is insufficient to generate a temperature that liquefies the cold fraction.
  • a refrigeration machine can help, with the waste heat from the refrigeration machine in this example being fed into the gas discharge flow of the second Vortex tube stage is passed.
  • This gas expansion system also works independently of the climatic atmospheric conditions.
  • the at least one first vortex tube is in flow connection with its second outlet for the hot fraction via a compressor with the inlet of the gas expansion system.
  • a compressor and a refrigeration machine are connected in parallel to each other and gas and heat are transported from the second outlet of a vortex tube stage, which leaves the at least one vortex tube as a warm fraction, from a lower pressure level to a higher pressure level .
  • This parallel connection of the compressor and refrigeration machine makes it possible to vary the amount of gas and heat that is transported from one pressure level to the other in large relative ratio intervals to one another, which is advantageous for setting an optimal working point of the vortex tubes of the gas expansion system.
  • FIG 1 is a sectional drawing through vortex tube 10 according to Ranque-Hielsch with drawn vortices W1 and W2, the outer vortex W1 carries the warm fraction and the inner vortex W2 carries the cold fraction.
  • the exact functioning of a vortex tube according to Ranque-Hielsch has not yet been scientifically clarified in spite of the discovery of this effect about 90 years ago.
  • the Ranque-Hielsch effect is reproducible and can also be optimized empirically for different volume flows and mean operating pressures.
  • pressurized gas GH flows into a tangential inlet 11 in the vortex tube 10.
  • the inflowing gas GH forms various vortices W1 and W2 in the vortex tube, gas that is warmer than the gas flowing into inlet 11 exiting the tube end at outlet 13 as a warm fraction WF.
  • the outlet 13 is arranged at the pipe end which is opposite the pipe end on which the tangential inlet 11 is arranged. Gas that is significantly colder than the gas flowing into inlet 11 emerges as cold fraction KF at outlet 12, which is arranged at the end of the pipe at which tangential inlet 11 is also arranged.
  • the amount of heat of the combined warm fraction WF and cold fraction KF corresponds approximately to the amount of heat of the incoming gas GH minus the volume work V • ⁇ P as the heat equivalent that the incoming pressurized gas GH performed when it passed through the vortex tube 10.
  • a cold fraction KF with a temperature below the temperature is formed in a Ranque-Hielsch pipe , which would be observable by the Joule-Thomson effect and a warm fraction WF with a temperature that is higher than the temperature of the inflowing gas GH.
  • the present invention makes use of the fact that with the vortex tube 10 according to Ranque-Hielsch a cold fraction KF is obtained which has a temperature below the temperature which could be achieved according to Joule-Thomson.
  • the heat extracted in the process goes to the warm fraction, which is used in the context of this invention for heating the gas in the discharge network.
  • thermometers are shown under a shaded square each, which can each be assigned to a shade of the vortices W1 and W2.
  • Black means cold and corresponds to the temperature of the exiting cold fraction KF.
  • a medium-dark shade corresponds approximately to the temperature of the pressurized, entering gas GH and a lighter shade (right) corresponds approximately to the temperature of the exiting warm fraction WF.
  • FIG 2 a sectional drawing through a variant of the Ranque-Hielsch tube is shown as vortex tube 20.
  • the outlet 23 for the warm fraction WF is completely closed.
  • the Ranque-Hielsch effect does not collapse as a result, but the heat of the warm fraction WF is diverted via the pipe wall RW to the cooling fins 27 in a housing 24 of the vortex tube 20, where a partial flow TS of the pressurized gas GH, which passes through the flow inlet 25 has entered the housing 24, which absorbs heat and leaves the housing 24 via the flow outlet 26.
  • this second variant of the Ranque-Hielsch tube differs from the Ranque-Hielsch tube Figure 1 by the way of warmth.
  • the heat is transported with the warm fraction WF in the vortex W1 and transported with the warm fraction WF from the vortex tube 10 through the outlet 13
  • the heat in the variant of the Ranque-Hielsch tube is in Figure 2 transported through the pipe wall RW to the outside into the housing 24 and transported away via a partial flow TS of the inflowing gas GH as a warm fraction WF, which leaves the housing 24 through outlet 26.
  • thermometers are shown under a shaded square each, which can each be assigned to a shade of the vortices W1 and W2.
  • Black means cold and corresponds to the temperature of the exiting cold fraction KF.
  • a medium dark shade corresponds roughly to the temperature of the pressurized entering gas GH and a lighter shade (right) roughly corresponds to the temperature of the exiting hot fraction WF.
  • vortex tube which are similar to the vortex tube 10 in FIG. 10, in which the outlet 13 for the warm fraction WF is closed and the heat flows through the tube wall RW into the atmospheric environment.
  • vortex tubes work like a throttle, which generate additional cooling of the gas flowing through the vortex tube by emitting heat.
  • the object of the invention is to conduct this heat, which has not been used in the prior art, into the downstream gas flow.
  • FIG 3 is a sketch of a first and simple variant of the gas expansion system according to the invention.
  • Gas from a source Q flows from the high-pressure gas side GH via an inlet 101 into the gas expansion system 100.
  • the gas flows under high pressure, such as 80 bar, into at least one vortex tube 10, 20 , 20 can use the in Figure 1 and 2 have shown structure.
  • Two vortex tubes, but also five, ten or one hundred, even one thousand vortex tubes of the first stage can be connected to one another in parallel.
  • the gas of the warm fraction WF from the second outlet 13, 23 of the vortex tube 10, 20 can have a pressure of 67 bar in this stage.
  • This Colder gas of the cold fraction KF of the vortex tube 10, 20 of the first stage is expanded again, for example to a pressure of 50 bar down to 3 bar.
  • the pressure jump over a vortex tube determines the temperature of the warm fraction and the cold fraction. It always applies that the amount of heat contained in the hot fraction and in the cold fraction, minus the volume work done by the gas during expansion, corresponds to the amount of heat in the gas on the entrance site. By throttling the various outlets of the vortex tube, the temperature of the cold fraction and also of the warm fraction can be adjusted, the aforementioned boundary condition always being set automatically.
  • the gas of the second cold fraction KF 'from the at least one second vortex tube 10', 20 'of the second stage in the cascade is then drawn in as liquid gas (LNG) and stored in an insulated tank.
  • LNG liquid gas
  • FIG 4 a sketch of a second variant of the gas expansion system according to the invention is shown as a gas expansion system 200.
  • the function of this gas expansion system 200 corresponds approximately to the gas expansion system 100 Figure 3 , but 3 stages of vortex tubes are connected in series.
  • Gas from a source Q flows from the gas high-pressure side GH via an inlet 201 into the gas expansion system 200.
  • the gas flows under high pressure, such as 80 bar, into at least one vortex tube 10, 20 , 20 can use the in Figure 1 and 2 have shown structure.
  • vortex tubes of one stage here the first stage
  • the gas of the warm fraction WF from the second outlet 13, 23 of the vortex tube 10, 20 can have a pressure of 67 bar in this stage.
  • This colder gas of the cold fraction KF of the vortex tube 10, 20 of the first stage is expanded again, for example to a pressure of 50 bar.
  • the gas of the second cold fraction KF 'from the at least one second vortex tube 10', 20 'of the second stage in the cascade is then fed to a third vortex tube stage, namely vortex tube 10 ", 20".
  • a third vortex tube stage namely vortex tube 10 ", 20".
  • the pressure of the gas for a low-pressure line is released to approximately 3 bar, for example.
  • the gas of the third cold fraction KF "from the at least one third vortex tube 10", 20 “of the third stage in the cascade is then drawn in as liquid gas (LNG) and stored in an insulated tank from 87 bar at the inlet 101 to a pressure of 67 bar at the sink S1 of the first vortex tube stage, to a pressure of 50 bar at the sink S2 of the second vortex tube stage and to a pressure of three bar at the sink S3 of the third vortex tube stage for three different ones Gas discharge networks relaxed.
  • LNG liquid gas
  • a third variant of the gas expansion system according to the invention is outlined as a gas expansion system 300.
  • This gas expansion system 300 corresponds to the circuit in the first two stages of the cascade Figure 1 , however, the output of the second vortex tube stage is fed into a refrigeration machine KM, where the gas is finally liquefied.
  • the waste heat generated in the refrigeration machine KM is transferred to the gas of the second vortex tube stage via a heat exchanger WT, which can also be integrated into the refrigeration machine WM.
  • This system configuration allows, for example, a pressure of 67 in of the first vortex tube stage, namely at the sink S1 and to produce a pressure of, for example, 50 bar at the sink S2 of the second vortex tube stage.
  • the temperature of the cold fraction KF 'of the second vortex tube stage is not sufficient to generate liquid gas.
  • the first two stages act as a pre-cooler for the refrigeration machine KM, with the hot gas of the hot fractions WF and WF 'being diverted into the corresponding gas discharge networks. It should be noted at this point that in this system configuration no waste heat is given off to the atmospheric air, but neither is any heat extracted from the atmospheric air. Like the gas expansion systems already described, this gas expansion system works independently of the outside atmospheric temperature.
  • a fourth variant of the gas expansion system according to the invention is shown as a gas expansion system 400.
  • the circuit of the gas expansion system 400 in Figure 6 corresponds initially to the circuit of the gas expansion system 200, shown in FIG Figure 4 .
  • a first technical feature here is that the warm fraction WF of the first vortex tube stage from the at least one first vortex tube 10, 20 is fed back to the inlet 401 of the gas expansion system 400 via a first compressor VD1.
  • a compressor VD2 is connected with its input to the second output 13, 23 of the at least one first vortex tube 10, 20 and its output is connected to the input 401 of the gas expansion system 101.
  • the gas is heated and thus warms the gas inflow of the system, which also influences the temperatures of the cold fractions KF, KF2 ', and KF "of the first, second and third vortex tube stages.
  • the aim of the gas expansion system is not to ensure that the gas discharge side is not too cold Generate gas.
  • a technical feature that can be used independently of the first compressor VD1 is that the hot fraction WF of the third vortex tube stage from the at least one third vortex tube 10 ", 20" to the second outlet 13 ', 23' of the vortex tube 10 ', 20' via a compressor VD2 second vortex tube stage is fed.
  • the combined gases then flow into the gas discharge network connected as a sink S, for example at 50 bar.
  • the gas is heated and thus warms the diverted gas from the gas expansion system. In this gas expansion system, too, no heat is released into the atmosphere and no heat is extracted from the atmosphere.
  • This gas expansion system 400 also works independently of the climatic installation site.
  • the refrigeration machine it is also possible to connect a compressor downstream of the hot fraction of the third vortex tube stage. It can be provided that the at least one third vortex tube is connected with its second outlet for the hot fraction via a compressor to the second outlet of the at least one second vortex tube, so that the second outputs of the at least one second vortex tube and the at least one third vortex tube with are connected to the gas medium pressure network as a sink.
  • the compression also transfers heat into the medium-pressure gas network as a sink.
  • the difference between using the refrigeration machine as the third stage and the compressor between the third stage and the output of the second stage is the heat and material balance.
  • the flow balance can be set very flexibly by using the refrigeration machine with dissipation of only the heat into the gas flow on the gas medium pressure side or by feeding the compressed hot fraction to the third vortex tube stage. It is also possible to connect a refrigeration machine and a compressor in parallel in order to generate any heat and flow balances in the system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP20190940.5A 2019-08-14 2020-08-13 Installation de détente de gaz pourvue d'installation de fabrication de gnl Active EP3795885B9 (fr)

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DE102019121925.6A DE102019121925B4 (de) 2019-08-14 2019-08-14 Gasentspannungsanlage mit LNG-Erzeugungsanlage

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EP3795885A1 true EP3795885A1 (fr) 2021-03-24
EP3795885B1 EP3795885B1 (fr) 2023-09-27
EP3795885B9 EP3795885B9 (fr) 2023-12-13

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DE (1) DE102019121925B4 (fr)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020123406A1 (de) 2020-09-08 2022-03-10 Ontras Gastransport Gmbh Gasentspannungsanlage

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1268069A (en) * 1969-08-06 1972-03-22 Struthers Scient & Internat Co Gas liquefaction apparatus
US3775988A (en) * 1969-05-23 1973-12-04 L Fekete Condensate withdrawal from vortex tube in gas liquification circuit
DD108146A1 (fr) 1973-11-12 1974-09-05
US20050045033A1 (en) * 2003-08-27 2005-03-03 Nicol Donald V. Vortex tube system and method for processing natural gas
US20110056570A1 (en) * 2009-09-08 2011-03-10 Questar Gas Company Methods and systems for reducing pressure of natural gas and methods and systems of delivering natural gas
WO2019090885A1 (fr) * 2017-11-09 2019-05-16 大连理工大学 Système de réglage de pression et de réglage de température de gaz naturel capable d'absorber de la chaleur dans un environnement à très basse température sur la base d'une récupération d'énergie de pression d'écoulement entrant

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775988A (en) * 1969-05-23 1973-12-04 L Fekete Condensate withdrawal from vortex tube in gas liquification circuit
GB1268069A (en) * 1969-08-06 1972-03-22 Struthers Scient & Internat Co Gas liquefaction apparatus
DD108146A1 (fr) 1973-11-12 1974-09-05
US20050045033A1 (en) * 2003-08-27 2005-03-03 Nicol Donald V. Vortex tube system and method for processing natural gas
US20110056570A1 (en) * 2009-09-08 2011-03-10 Questar Gas Company Methods and systems for reducing pressure of natural gas and methods and systems of delivering natural gas
WO2019090885A1 (fr) * 2017-11-09 2019-05-16 大连理工大学 Système de réglage de pression et de réglage de température de gaz naturel capable d'absorber de la chaleur dans un environnement à très basse température sur la base d'une récupération d'énergie de pression d'écoulement entrant

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DK3795885T3 (da) 2024-01-02
DE102019121925B4 (de) 2023-02-09
EP3795885B1 (fr) 2023-09-27
DE102019121925A1 (de) 2021-02-18
EP3795885B9 (fr) 2023-12-13
PL3795885T3 (pl) 2024-03-18

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