EP3778062B1 - Method of changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece - Google Patents

Method of changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3778062B1
EP3778062B1 EP20199066.0A EP20199066A EP3778062B1 EP 3778062 B1 EP3778062 B1 EP 3778062B1 EP 20199066 A EP20199066 A EP 20199066A EP 3778062 B1 EP3778062 B1 EP 3778062B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
filling element
material thickness
produced
shape
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20199066.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3778062A1 (en
Inventor
Eilert WILKEN
Sven LAUTENBACH
Helmut FRERICHS
Michael Harms
Ingo BLAZEK
Marc BRESTRICH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deharde GmbH
Original Assignee
Deharde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deharde GmbH filed Critical Deharde GmbH
Priority to ES20199066T priority Critical patent/ES2901694T3/en
Priority to EP20199066.0A priority patent/EP3778062B1/en
Publication of EP3778062A1 publication Critical patent/EP3778062A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3778062B1 publication Critical patent/EP3778062B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
    • B21D31/005—Incremental shaping or bending, e.g. stepwise moving a shaping tool along the surface of the workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/01—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/92—Making other particular articles other parts for aircraft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for changing the shape of a plate-like workpiece which has a shape recess formed by reducing the material thickness, comprising arranging the workpiece on at least two spaced-apart support elements of a machine bed, forming the workpiece into a final shape by stepwise free bending by the steps of bending a section of the Workpiece can be carried out repetitively by lowering an upper tool between the support elements from a waiting position into a forming position, lifting the upper tool into the waiting position and moving the position of the workpiece relative to the machine bed in at least one infeed direction.
  • Such a method is used in particular for the processing of large sheet metal that is used as the outer cladding of aircraft. Arrangements for changing the shape are also used when machining large sheet metal that is used as the outer cladding of aircraft.
  • the metal sheets have to be reshaped according to the outer contour of the aircraft fuselage and often a workpiece with several different radii has to be produced.
  • the sheets are often brought into the desired final shape by means of roll forming, that is, they are formed as they pass through different rolls.
  • the formed sheets are then regularly machined in order to make rivet holes, pockets and cutouts in the already formed workpiece.
  • the object is achieved by a method with the features mentioned at the outset in that, before the workpiece is reshaped into the final shape, a filling element adapted to the mold recess and designed to compensate for material thickness is created and arranged in the region of the mold recess.
  • the method according to the invention offers numerous advantages over the methods known from the prior art.
  • a method is created for the first time that allows the bending of workpieces that have already been machined. The workpieces can now be machined before the bending process due to their plate-like geometry.
  • the use of a three-axis cutting machine is sufficient for this, which in particular also increases the effort required for clamping the workpiece is significantly reduced compared to complex machining using a 5-axis portal milling machine on an already bent workpiece. In this way, the workpieces can be machined much more cost-effectively.
  • the filling element ensures a high-precision bending process, in particular in the area of the recesses, i.e. in the area of milled pockets, rivet holes, window cutouts or the like, thus achieving extremely good repeatability of the entire bending process.
  • a preferred development of the invention is characterized in that the filling element is created at least essentially as a negative shape of the shaped recess.
  • the filling element is designed in such a way that it fits positively or essentially positively into the shaped recess.
  • the filling element thus forms a reusable intermediate layer which is arranged between the upper tool and the workpiece.
  • the filling element ensures that the forces acting during the bending process are uniformly introduced into the workpiece and compensates for the different deformation behavior during the bending process, depending on the material thickness. In this way, the entire workpiece is bent precisely and with high precision and repeatability despite the existing shape recess.
  • the filling element has a minimum thickness in each case in areas of the shaped recess with reduced material thickness which corresponds at least to the extent of the material thickness reduction of the workpiece in this area.
  • the filling element is consequently set up as a compensating element that precisely compensates for the material removal from the workpiece by the previously performed machining process, so that during the forming process there is always an essentially flat contact between the upper tool and the workpiece or the filling element arranged on it.
  • the filling element is created in such a way that it, arranged in the mold recess, is flush with the upper side of the workpiece, forming an at least substantially smooth pressure surface.
  • the filling element is created so as to protrude in predetermined areas of the elevation with respect to the pressure surface.
  • locally higher bending forces act on the workpiece in the corresponding raised areas during the forming process.
  • the rebound behavior of the material which depends on the respective local material thickness of the Workpiece is compensated and the bending process is carried out with extremely high precision even in areas of different material thicknesses of the workpiece.
  • the raised areas of the filling element are designed and set up to compensate for the rebound behavior.
  • the raised areas are formed by a pressure-resistant film which is arranged on the pressure surface of the filling element. Compensation for undesired spring-back behavior of workpiece areas can thus be achieved in a particularly simple and inexpensive manner.
  • the film is advantageously glued on and in this way is also secured against undesired slipping.
  • a preferred development of the invention is characterized in that the filling element is made from acrylonitrile-butadiene plastic (ABS).
  • ABS is machinable, comparatively inexpensive and has the physical properties required for the forming process. On the one hand, ABS has the necessary flexibility to return to its original shape after the bending process. On the other hand, ABS has the necessary hardness to transfer the forces generated during the forming process from the upper tool to the workpiece to be formed without deforming itself significantly.
  • the filling element is preferably produced by machining. In this way, the filling element can be produced inexpensively and with high precision.
  • An expedient embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a resilient support surface element is arranged between the support elements of the machine bed and the workpiece.
  • the resilient support surface element forms a resilient machine bed.
  • the support surface element is also elastically deformed and thus supports the workpiece over its entire surface.
  • workpieces with a small material thickness can be reshaped and, on the other hand, it is also possible to reshape the end areas of the workpieces with high precision, since the end areas are also always supported during reshaping.
  • the invention can also relate to an arrangement for changing the shape of a plate-like workpiece which has a shape recess formed by reducing the material thickness, comprising at least two for arranging the workpiece on one Machine bed set up, spaced-apart support elements, a shaping device set up for shaping the workpiece into a final shape by step-by-step, repetitive free bending with an upper tool that is controllably lowerable from a waiting position into a shaping position for bending a section of the workpiece and with positioning means that are set up for the process the position of the workpiece relative to the machine bed are formed in at least one feed direction
  • the arrangement further comprises a filling element adapted to the mold recess and designed to compensate for the material thickness, which is arranged in the region of the mold recess before the workpiece is formed into the final shape to become.
  • a filling element adapted to the mold recess and designed to compensate for the material thickness, which is arranged in the region of the mold recess before the workpiece is formed into the final shape to become.
  • the filling element can further expediently be designed at least essentially as a negative shape of the shaped recess.
  • the filling element in areas of the mold recess with reduced material thickness can each have a minimum thickness which corresponds at least to the extent of the material thickness reduction of the workpiece in this area.
  • the filling element can be designed in such a way that it, arranged in the mold recess, is flush with the upper side of the workpiece, forming an at least substantially smooth pressure surface.
  • the filling element can be configured to protrude in predetermined areas of elevation with respect to the pressure surface.
  • a pressure-resistant film is arranged on the pressure surface to create the raised areas.
  • the film is connected to the pressure surface by an adhesive connection.
  • Another useful embodiment of the arrangement is characterized in that the filling element consists of acrylonitrile-butadiene plastic (ABS).
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene plastic
  • a resilient support surface element can furthermore preferably be arranged between the support elements of the machine bed and the workpiece.
  • Figure 1 shows a plate-like workpiece 10 with a shape recess formed by reducing the material thickness.
  • the workpiece is a sheet metal or large sheet metal for use as an aircraft outer skin, in particular made of aluminum alloys with copper and / or magnesium components with high tensile strengths in the range from 400 to 450 N / mm 2 .
  • Such sheets have dimensions of 800 x 800 mm up to 6000 x 6000 mm, for example.
  • the maximum material thickness of the workpiece 10 varies depending on the application between 0.5 and 16 mm.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are suitable for forming workpieces 10 made of plastic or metal, such as aluminum and steel sheets.
  • the workpiece 10 has a shaped recess which is formed by reducing the material thickness. Like the schematic view in Figure 1 It can be seen that the workpiece 10 has areas 11 of reduced material thickness. These areas 11 form the shaped recess. When the workpieces 10 are used in the aircraft industry as aircraft outer skin, also referred to as "skins", these areas 11 are introduced into the workpiece 10, for example, through rivet holes, pockets to save weight, cutouts for windows or the like. The machining of the workpiece for making the mold recess takes place by machining, for example on the plate-like, that is, flat workpiece 10 by means of three-axis machining machines.
  • the workpiece 10 is preferably arranged on at least two spaced-apart support elements 12 of a machine bed 13.
  • the forming process into the final shape is carried out by step-by-step free bending.
  • a section of the workpiece 10 is brought from a waiting position - not shown in the drawing - into a forming position 15 by lowering an upper tool 14 between the support elements 12.
  • FIG. 1 shows the workpiece 10 schematically after one or more forming processes. The steps described above are carried out repeatedly until the desired final shape is achieved through multiple reshaping.
  • the positioning means are furthermore preferably designed and set up not only to move the workpiece 10 in the feed direction 17 shown, but also to move it in a further direction perpendicular to the feed direction 17.
  • the workpiece can be positioned and traversed in the XY plane as far as possible.
  • the depth of immersion of the upper tool 14 which is determined by the lowering path
  • the local bending radius desired in each case during a forming process is specified.
  • the workpiece 10 is formed into the desired final shape.
  • different radii can be introduced into the workpiece 10.
  • a filler element 18 adapted to the shaped recess and set up to compensate for the material thickness is created and arranged in the region of the shaped recess. As in the Figures 1 and 2 As shown, the filling element 18 is arranged on the workpiece 10 to be reshaped and thus fills in particular the areas 11 of reduced material thickness of the mold recess.
  • the upper tool 14 advantageously has a sword end 22 that comes into contact with the workpiece 10 or the filling element 18.
  • This is preferably made of plastic and has a large radius, preferably greater than 50 mm, on the one hand to gently bend the workpiece 10 and on the other hand to ensure the smoothest possible transitions of the bending radii.
  • the filling element 18 is preferably created as a negative shape or essentially as a negative shape of the shaped recess.
  • the filling element 18 has a shape that corresponds to the shape of the areas 11 of reduced material thickness, so that the filling element 18 arranged on the workpiece 10 preferably fills the mold recess over the entire surface and completely compensates for the material removal from the workpiece 10 in the region of the mold recess.
  • the filling element 18 thus forms a flat or smooth pressure surface 19 with the workpiece 10 on the upper tool side. It is also possible to design the filling surface element 18 in such a way that this only partially covers the selected area of the workpiece 10.
  • the filling element 18 in areas 11 of the shaped recess with reduced material thickness in each case has a minimum thickness which corresponds at least to the extent of the material thickness reduction of the workpiece 10 in this area.
  • the workpiece 10 thus forms the flat pressure surface 19 described above with the filling element 18, so that in principle a flat contact between the upper tool 14 and the workpiece 10 or the filling element 18 is ensured during the forming process.
  • the filling element 18 is therefore created in such a way that it, arranged in the mold recess, is flush with the upper side 20 of the workpiece 10, forming the at least substantially smooth pressure surface 19.
  • the filling element is created so as to protrude from the pressure surface 19 in predetermined raised areas.
  • the workpiece 10 has a different setback behavior depending on the respective local material thickness. Depending on the respective local material thickness and the selected bending radius, the material of the workpiece springs back to different degrees after the forming process.
  • this spring-back behavior is determined simulatively before the forming process, and the spring-back behavior of the entire workpiece 10 to be formed is predicted on the basis of this simulation.
  • the elevation areas are then determined in which the filling element is to be made correspondingly wider so that it has the aforementioned elevation areas.
  • an increased immersion depth is achieved compared to the remaining areas of the filling element and in this way in the elevated areas increases the force exerted on the workpiece compared to the remaining areas during the bending process.
  • the workpiece 10 is bent more locally at the points of the raised areas to such an extent that the spring-back behavior of the material is compensated and the workpiece 10 is precisely reshaped into the desired final shape in all areas.
  • a process simulation using a program for analysis using the finite element method is used to determine the elevation areas.
  • FEM finite element method
  • the filling element 18 is preferably milled from the solid on the basis of the determined geometry of the filling element 18.
  • a pressure-resistant film on the pressure surface 19 of the filling element in order to create the elevation areas and thus adapt the material thickness of the filling element 18 accordingly in the respective elevation areas. More preferably, the film is glued onto the pressure surface 19 of the filling element 18 and thus secured against undesired slipping.
  • the filling element 18 is preferably made from acrylonitrile butadiene plastic (ABS). This material has a modulus of elasticity of 2400 MPa and thus has the necessary flexibility to deform itself elastically during the forming process on the one hand and to return to its original shape after the end of the forming process on the other. In this way, the filling element 18 can be used for a large number of deformation processes.
  • ABS plastic preferably has a hardness of 90 shore and is suitable for machining.
  • the filling element 18 can be made of other plastics, fiber composite materials, cast resin or spring steel. In addition to machining, casting or lamination processes are also used to produce the filling element 18, depending on the material used.
  • a resilient support surface element 21 is arranged between the support elements 12 of the machine bed 13 and the workpiece 10.
  • the workpiece 10 is therefore mounted on the at least two support elements 12 via the resilient support surface element 21.
  • the support surface element 21 is consequently designed as a spring machine bed and is elastically deformed during the deformation process of the workpiece 10, but automatically returns to its original shape after the bending process has been completed.
  • the workpiece 10 is supported over its entire surface by the support surface element 21.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Formänderung eines plattenartigen Werkstücks, das eine durch Materialstärkenreduzierung gebildete Formausnehmung aufweist, umfassend Anordnen des Werkstücks auf mindestens zwei voneinander beabstandeten Stützelementen eines Maschinenbettes, Umformen des Werkstücks in eine Endform durch schrittweises Freibiegen, indem die Schritte Biegen eines Teilabschnitts des Werkstücks durch Absenken eines Oberwerkzeugs zwischen die Stützelemente aus einer Warteposition in eine Umformposition, Anheben des Oberwerkzeugs in die Warteposition und Verfahren der Position des Werkstücks relativ zu dem Maschinenbett in mindestens einer Zustellrichtung repetierend ausgeführt werden.The present invention relates to a method for changing the shape of a plate-like workpiece which has a shape recess formed by reducing the material thickness, comprising arranging the workpiece on at least two spaced-apart support elements of a machine bed, forming the workpiece into a final shape by stepwise free bending by the steps of bending a section of the Workpiece can be carried out repetitively by lowering an upper tool between the support elements from a waiting position into a forming position, lifting the upper tool into the waiting position and moving the position of the workpiece relative to the machine bed in at least one infeed direction.

Ein derartiges Verfahren kommt insbesondere bei der Bearbeitung von Großblechen zum Einsatz, die als Außenverkleidung von Flugzeugen dienen. Ferner kommen Anordnungen zur Formänderung bei der Bearbeitung von Großblechen zum Einsatz, die als Außenverkleidung von Flugzeugen dienen. Die Bleche sind entsprechend der Außenkontur des Flugzeugrumpfes umzuformen und häufig ist ein Werkstück mit mehreren verschiedenen Radien herzustellen. Die Bleche werden häufig mittels Rollumformen in die gewünschte Endform gebracht, also beim Durchlauf verschiedener Rollen umgeformt.Such a method is used in particular for the processing of large sheet metal that is used as the outer cladding of aircraft. Arrangements for changing the shape are also used when machining large sheet metal that is used as the outer cladding of aircraft. The metal sheets have to be reshaped according to the outer contour of the aircraft fuselage and often a workpiece with several different radii has to be produced. The sheets are often brought into the desired final shape by means of roll forming, that is, they are formed as they pass through different rolls.

Regelmäßig werden die umgeformten Bleche anschließend spanend bearbeitet, um Nietbohrungen, Taschen und Ausschnitte in das bereits umgeformte Werkstück einzubringen.The formed sheets are then regularly machined in order to make rivet holes, pockets and cutouts in the already formed workpiece.

Aus dem Dokument DE 10 2011 114 927 A1 geht ein Verfahren zum Rundbiegen von großen Blechen auf einen Zielradius hervor. Das Rundbiegen erfolgt mittels einer Kantbank durch mehrfaches Kanten mit einem Rundstempel.From the document DE 10 2011 114 927 A1 discloses a method for bending large sheet metal to a target radius. The round bending is done by means of a folding bench by multiple edges with a round punch.

Aus der US 5,956,991 geht eine Anordnung zur Formänderung von Dekorplatten hervor, das eine durch Materialstärkenreduzierung gebildete Formausnehmung aufweist, wobei Blattfedern vorgesehen sind, um Kräfte beim Umformen zu verteilen.From the U.S. 5,956,991 shows an arrangement for changing the shape of decorative panels, which has a shape recess formed by reducing the material thickness, with leaf springs being provided in order to distribute forces during shaping.

Nachteilig ist, dass mit den bekannten Verfahren und Anordnungen ausschließlich vollflächige Werkstücke bearbeitet werden können. Zerspanend bearbeitete Werkstücke, die also beispielsweise bereits Taschen, Nietbohrungen oder Ausnehmungen für Fenster aufweisen, sind mit den bekannten Verfahren und Anordnungen nicht zufriedenstellend zu bearbeiten, da derartige Formausnehmungen im Werkstück bei Nutzung der bekannten Umformverfahren zu unkontrollierbaren Verformungen des Werkstücks im Bereich dieser Formausnehmungen führen.The disadvantage is that only full-surface workpieces can be processed with the known methods and arrangements. Machined workpieces, which already have pockets, rivet bores or recesses for windows, cannot be processed satisfactorily with the known methods and arrangements, since such recesses in the workpiece lead to uncontrollable deformations of the workpiece in the area of these recesses when using the known forming processes.

Aufgrund dessen ist es erforderlich, die Werkstücke zunächst in einem Biegeprozess umzuformen und diese erst anschließend zerspanend zu bearbeiten, um die gewünschte Formausnehmung herzustellen. Aufgrund der nach dem Biegeprozess des Werkstücks erhaltenen, sich räumlich erstreckenden Werkstückgeometrie ist für die anschließende Bearbeitung der Einsatz von 5-Achsen-Portalfräsen unvermeidlich, der mit großem Platzbedarf und hohen Anschaffungs- und Unterhaltungskosten einhergeht.Because of this, it is necessary to first reshape the workpieces in a bending process and only then to machine them in order to produce the desired shape recess. Due to the spatially extending workpiece geometry obtained after the workpiece has been bent, the use of 5-axis portal milling machines is inevitable for the subsequent machining, which is associated with a large space requirement and high acquisition and maintenance costs.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren vorzuschlagen, mittels dessen plattenartige, bereits zerspanend bearbeitete Werkstücke kostengünstig, mit hoher Präzision und Wiederholgenauigkeit durch schrittweises Freibiegen umgeformt werden können. Des Weiteren besteht die Aufgabe darin, ein entsprechendes Verfahren vorzuschlagen.It is therefore the object of the present invention to propose a method by means of which plate-like workpieces that have already been machined can be reshaped inexpensively, with high precision and repeatability by step-by-step free bending. Another task is to propose an appropriate procedure.

Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen dadurch gelöst, dass vor dem Umformen des Werkstücks in die Endform ein an die Formausnehmung angepasstes und zum Materialstärkenausgleich eingerichtetes Füllelement erstellt und im Bereich der Formausnehmung angeordnet wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bietet zahlreiche Vorteile gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren. So wird mittels der Erfindung erstmals ein Verfahren geschaffen, das das Biegen von bereits zerspanend bearbeiteten Werkstücken erlaubt. Die Werkstücke können nun bereits vor dem Biegevorgang aufgrund ihrer plattenartigen Geometrie spanend bearbeitet werden. Hierzu genügt der Einsatz einer dreiachsigen Zerspanungsmaschine, wodurch insbesondere auch der erforderliche Aufwand zum Spannen des Werkstücks gegenüber einer aufwändigen Bearbeitung mittels einer 5-Achsen-Portalfräse an einem bereits gebogenen Werkstück deutlich reduziert ist. Auf diese Weise können die Werkstücke deutlich kostengünstiger bearbeitet werden. Zudem wird mittels des Füllelements ein hochpräziser Biegevorgang, insbesondere im Bereich der Formausnehmungen, also im Bereich von eingefrästen Taschen, Nietenlochbohrungen, Fensterausschnitten oder dergleichen gewährleistet und so eine extrem gute Wiederholgenauigkeit des gesamten Biegevorgangs erreicht.The object is achieved by a method with the features mentioned at the outset in that, before the workpiece is reshaped into the final shape, a filling element adapted to the mold recess and designed to compensate for material thickness is created and arranged in the region of the mold recess. The method according to the invention offers numerous advantages over the methods known from the prior art. Thus, by means of the invention, a method is created for the first time that allows the bending of workpieces that have already been machined. The workpieces can now be machined before the bending process due to their plate-like geometry. The use of a three-axis cutting machine is sufficient for this, which in particular also increases the effort required for clamping the workpiece is significantly reduced compared to complex machining using a 5-axis portal milling machine on an already bent workpiece. In this way, the workpieces can be machined much more cost-effectively. In addition, the filling element ensures a high-precision bending process, in particular in the area of the recesses, i.e. in the area of milled pockets, rivet holes, window cutouts or the like, thus achieving extremely good repeatability of the entire bending process.

Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Füllelement zumindest im Wesentlichen als Negativform der Formausnehmung erstellt wird. Anders ausgedrückt ist das Füllelement derart ausgebildet, dass es formschlüssig oder im Wesentlichen formschlüssig in die Formausnehmung hineinpasst. Das Füllelement bildet so eine wiederverwendbare Zwischenlage, die zwischen dem Oberwerkzeug und dem Werkstück angeordnet ist. Das Füllelement gewährleistet eine gleichmäßige Einleitung der beim Biegevorgang wirkenden Kräfte in das Werkstück und kompensiert das materialstärkenabhängige unterschiedliche Umformverhalten beim Biegevorgang. So wird das gesamte Werkstück trotz der vorhandenen Formausnehmung exakt und mit hoher Präzision und Wiederholgenauigkeit gebogen.A preferred development of the invention is characterized in that the filling element is created at least essentially as a negative shape of the shaped recess. In other words, the filling element is designed in such a way that it fits positively or essentially positively into the shaped recess. The filling element thus forms a reusable intermediate layer which is arranged between the upper tool and the workpiece. The filling element ensures that the forces acting during the bending process are uniformly introduced into the workpiece and compensates for the different deformation behavior during the bending process, depending on the material thickness. In this way, the entire workpiece is bent precisely and with high precision and repeatability despite the existing shape recess.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausbildung der Erfindung weist das Füllelement in Bereichen der Formausnehmung mit reduzierter Materialstärke jeweils eine Mindestdicke auf, die mindestens dem Maß der Materialstärkenreduktion des Werkstücks in diesem Bereich entspricht. Das Füllelement ist folglich als Ausgleichselement eingerichtet, dass den Materialabtrag durch den zuvor erfolgten Zerspanungsprozess an dem Werkstück exakt kompensiert, so dass beim Umformvorgang stets ein im Wesentlichen flächiger Kontakt zwischen dem Oberwerkzeug und dem Werkstück bzw. dem darauf angeordneten Füllelement gegeben ist. Entsprechend einer weiteren zweckmäßigen Ausbildung der Erfindung wird das Füllelement derart erstellt, dass dieses, in der Formausnehmung angeordnet, unter Bildung einer zumindest im Wesentlichen glatten Andruckfläche mit der Oberseite des Werkstücks bündig abschließt.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the filling element has a minimum thickness in each case in areas of the shaped recess with reduced material thickness which corresponds at least to the extent of the material thickness reduction of the workpiece in this area. The filling element is consequently set up as a compensating element that precisely compensates for the material removal from the workpiece by the previously performed machining process, so that during the forming process there is always an essentially flat contact between the upper tool and the workpiece or the filling element arranged on it. According to a further expedient embodiment of the invention, the filling element is created in such a way that it, arranged in the mold recess, is flush with the upper side of the workpiece, forming an at least substantially smooth pressure surface.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird das Füllelement in vorgegebenen Überhöhungsbereichen gegenüber der Andruckfläche vorspringend erstellt. Hierdurch wirken in den entsprechenden Überhöhungsbereichen beim Umformvorgang lokal höher Biegekräfte auf das Werkstück ein. Auf diese Weise wird das Rücksprungverhalten des Materials, das abhängig von der jeweiligen lokalen Materialstärke des Werkstücks ist, kompensiert und der Biegevorgang auch in Bereichen verschiedener Materialstärke des Werkstücks mit äußerst hoher Präzision durchgeführt. Mit anderen Worten sind die Überhöhungsbereiche des Füllelements zur Kompensation des Rücksprungverhaltens ausgebildet und eingerichtet.According to a further preferred embodiment, the filling element is created so as to protrude in predetermined areas of the elevation with respect to the pressure surface. As a result, locally higher bending forces act on the workpiece in the corresponding raised areas during the forming process. In this way, the rebound behavior of the material, which depends on the respective local material thickness of the Workpiece is compensated and the bending process is carried out with extremely high precision even in areas of different material thicknesses of the workpiece. In other words, the raised areas of the filling element are designed and set up to compensate for the rebound behavior.

Alternativ oder in Ergänzung werden die Überhöhungsbereiche durch eine druckfeste Folie gebildet, die auf der Andruckfläche des Füllelements angeordnet wird. So kann auf besonders einfache und kostengünstige Weise eine Kompensation unerwünschten Rücksprungverhaltens von Werkstückbereichen erzielt werden. Die Folie wird hierzu vorteilhafterweise aufgeklebt und ist auf diese Weise zudem gegen unerwünschtes Verrutschen gesichert.Alternatively or in addition, the raised areas are formed by a pressure-resistant film which is arranged on the pressure surface of the filling element. Compensation for undesired spring-back behavior of workpiece areas can thus be achieved in a particularly simple and inexpensive manner. For this purpose, the film is advantageously glued on and in this way is also secured against undesired slipping.

Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Füllelement aus Acrylnitril-Butadien-Kunststoff (ABS) hergestellt wird. ABS ist zerspanbar, vergleichsweise kostengünstig und weist die für den Umformvorgang erforderlichen physikalischen Eigenschaften auf. Zum einen verfügt ABS über die erforderliche Flexibilität, um nach dem Biegevorgang wieder seine ursprüngliche Form anzunehmen. Zum anderen verfügt ABS über die erforderliche Härte, um die beim Umformvorgang entstehenden Kräfte von dem Oberwerkzeug auf das umzuformenden Werkstück zu übertragen, ohne sich selbst nennenswert zu verformen. Vorzugsweise wird das Füllelement durch Zerspannen hergestellt. Auf diese Weise ist das Füllelement kostengünstig und mit hoher Präzision herstellbar.A preferred development of the invention is characterized in that the filling element is made from acrylonitrile-butadiene plastic (ABS). ABS is machinable, comparatively inexpensive and has the physical properties required for the forming process. On the one hand, ABS has the necessary flexibility to return to its original shape after the bending process. On the other hand, ABS has the necessary hardness to transfer the forces generated during the forming process from the upper tool to the workpiece to be formed without deforming itself significantly. The filling element is preferably produced by machining. In this way, the filling element can be produced inexpensively and with high precision.

Eine zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen den Stützelementen des Maschinenbetts und dem Werkstück ein federndes Stützflächenelement angeordnet ist. Das federnde Stützflächenelement bildet ein federndes Maschinenbett. Beim Umformvorgang wird das Stützflächenelement elastisch mitverformt und stützt so vollflächig das Werkstück. Vorteilhafterweise können so einerseits Werkstücke mit geringer Materialstärke umgeformt werden und anderseits ist es so möglich, auch die Endbereiche der Werkstücke mit hoher Präzision umzuformen, da auch die Endbereiche während des Umformens stets gestützt werden.An expedient embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a resilient support surface element is arranged between the support elements of the machine bed and the workpiece. The resilient support surface element forms a resilient machine bed. During the forming process, the support surface element is also elastically deformed and thus supports the workpiece over its entire surface. Advantageously, on the one hand, workpieces with a small material thickness can be reshaped and, on the other hand, it is also possible to reshape the end areas of the workpieces with high precision, since the end areas are also always supported during reshaping.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform kann die Erfindung auch eine Anordnung zur Formänderung eines plattenartigen Werkstücks betreffen, das eine durch Materialstärkenreduzierung gebildete Formausnehmung aufweist, umfassend mindestens zwei zum Anordnen des Werkstücks auf einem Maschinenbett eingerichtete, voneinander beabstandete Stützelemente, eine zum Umformen des Werkstücks in eine Endform durch schrittweises, repetierendes Freibiegen eingerichtete Umformeinrichtung mit einem Oberwerkzeug, das aus einer Warteposition in eine Umformposition steuerbeweglich absenkbar zum Biegen eines Teilabschnitts des Werkstücks eingerichtet ist sowie mit Positioniermitteln, die zum Verfahren der Position des Werkstücks relativ zu dem Maschinenbett in mindestens einer Zustellrichtung ausgebildet sindIn a further preferred embodiment according to the invention, the invention can also relate to an arrangement for changing the shape of a plate-like workpiece which has a shape recess formed by reducing the material thickness, comprising at least two for arranging the workpiece on one Machine bed set up, spaced-apart support elements, a shaping device set up for shaping the workpiece into a final shape by step-by-step, repetitive free bending with an upper tool that is controllably lowerable from a waiting position into a shaping position for bending a section of the workpiece and with positioning means that are set up for the process the position of the workpiece relative to the machine bed are formed in at least one feed direction

Durch die obige bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Anordnung kann die Aufgabe der Erfindung dadurch gelöst werden, dass die Anordnung weiter ein an die Formausnehmung angepasstes und zum Materialstärkenausgleich eingerichtetes Füllelement umfasst, das eingerichtet ist, vor dem Umformen des Werkstücks in die Endform im Bereich der Formausnehmung, angeordnet zu werden. Zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen der damit einhergehenden Vorteile, wird auf die obigen Ausführungen zum erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren verwiesen. Die dort beschriebenen Vorzüge gelten in analoger Weise auch für die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung sowie für die im Folgenden genannten weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungen der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung.The above preferred embodiment of the arrangement enables the object of the invention to be achieved in that the arrangement further comprises a filling element adapted to the mold recess and designed to compensate for the material thickness, which is arranged in the region of the mold recess before the workpiece is formed into the final shape to become. To avoid repetition of the advantages associated therewith, reference is made to the above statements on the method according to the invention. The advantages described there also apply in an analogous manner to the arrangement according to the invention and to the further advantageous embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention mentioned below.

Weiter zweckmäßig kann in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Anordnung das Füllelement zumindest im Wesentlichen als Negativform der Formausnehmung ausgebildet sein.In the preferred embodiment of the arrangement, the filling element can further expediently be designed at least essentially as a negative shape of the shaped recess.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann das Füllelement in Bereichen der Formausnehmung mit reduzierter Materialstärke jeweils eine Mindestdicke aufweisen, die mindestens dem Maß der Materialstärkenreduktion des Werkstücks in diesem Bereich entspricht.According to a further preferred embodiment, the filling element in areas of the mold recess with reduced material thickness can each have a minimum thickness which corresponds at least to the extent of the material thickness reduction of the workpiece in this area.

In einer weiteren zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung der Anordnung kann das Füllelement derart ausgebildet sein, dass dieses, in der Formausnehmung angeordnet, unter Bildung einer zumindest im Wesentlichen glatten Andruckfläche mit der Oberseite des Werkstücks bündig abschließt.In a further expedient embodiment of the arrangement, the filling element can be designed in such a way that it, arranged in the mold recess, is flush with the upper side of the workpiece, forming an at least substantially smooth pressure surface.

In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Anordnung kann das Füllelement in vorgegebenen Überhöhungsbereichen gegenüber der Andruckfläche vorspringend eingerichtet sein.In a preferred further development of the arrangement, the filling element can be configured to protrude in predetermined areas of elevation with respect to the pressure surface.

Bei einer weiteren zweckmäßigen Ausbildung der weiteren Ausführungsform der Anordnung ist zum Erstellen der Überhöhungsbereiche eine druckfeste Folie auf der Andruckfläche angeordnet.In a further expedient embodiment of the further embodiment of the arrangement, a pressure-resistant film is arranged on the pressure surface to create the raised areas.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Anordnung ist die Folie mit der Andruckfläche durch eine Klebeverbindung verbunden.According to a further preferred embodiment of the arrangement, the film is connected to the pressure surface by an adhesive connection.

Eine weitere zweckmäßige Ausbildung der Anordnung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Füllelement aus Acrylnitril-Butadien-Kunststoff (ABS) besteht.Another useful embodiment of the arrangement is characterized in that the filling element consists of acrylonitrile-butadiene plastic (ABS).

In der Anordnung kann weiter bevorzugt zwischen den Stützelementen des Maschinenbetts und dem Werkstück ein federndes Stützflächenelement angeordnet sein.In the arrangement, a resilient support surface element can furthermore preferably be arranged between the support elements of the machine bed and the workpiece.

Weitere bevorzugte und/oder zweckmäßige Merkmale und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung. Besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsformen werden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Ansicht einer Anordnung gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Ansicht des Umformvorgangs mittels der Anordnung, und
Fig. 3
eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführung einer Anordnung mit einem Stützflächenelement.
Further preferred and / or useful features and configurations of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the description. Particularly preferred embodiments are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. In the drawing shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic view of an arrangement according to a first embodiment,
Fig. 2
a schematic view of the forming process by means of the arrangement, and
Fig. 3
a further advantageous embodiment of an arrangement with a support surface element.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen einer Anordnung werden im Folgenden anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsformen näher beschrieben. Aufgrund der Analogie zwischen Verfahren und Anordnung gelten die jeweils gemachten Ausführungen zum Verfahren ebenso für die Anordnung und umgekehrt.The method according to the invention and further preferred embodiments of an arrangement are described in more detail below on the basis of preferred embodiments. Due to the analogy between method and arrangement, the statements made in each case on the method also apply to the arrangement and vice versa.

Figur 1 zeigt ein plattenartiges Werkstück 10 mit einer durch Materialstärkenreduzierung gebildeten Formausnehmung. Beispielsweise ist das Werkstück ein Blech oder Großblech zur Verwendung als Flugzugaußenhaut, insbesondere aus Aluminiumlegierungen mit Kupfer- und/oder Magnesiumanteilen mit hohen Zugfestigkeiten im Bereich von 400 bis 450 N/mm2. Derartige Bleche weisen beispielsweise Maße von 800 x 800 mm bis zu 6000 x 6000 mm auf. Die maximale Materialstärke des Werkstücks 10 variiert je nach Anwendungsfall zwischen 0,5 und 16 mm. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sind zum Umformen von Werkstücken 10 aus Kunststoff oder Metall, wie Aluminium- und Stahlblechen geeignet. Figure 1 shows a plate-like workpiece 10 with a shape recess formed by reducing the material thickness. For example, the workpiece is a sheet metal or large sheet metal for use as an aircraft outer skin, in particular made of aluminum alloys with copper and / or magnesium components with high tensile strengths in the range from 400 to 450 N / mm 2 . Such sheets have dimensions of 800 x 800 mm up to 6000 x 6000 mm, for example. The maximum material thickness of the workpiece 10 varies depending on the application between 0.5 and 16 mm. The method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are suitable for forming workpieces 10 made of plastic or metal, such as aluminum and steel sheets.

Das Werkstück 10 weist eine Formausnehmung auf, die durch Materialstärkenreduzierung gebildet ist. Wie der schematischen Ansicht in Figur 1 zu entnehmen ist, weist das Werkstück 10 Bereiche 11 reduzierter Materialstärke auf. Diese Bereiche 11 bilden die Formausnehmung. Bei der Verwendung der Werkstücke 10 in der Flugzeugindustrie als Flugzeugaußenhaut, auch als "skins" bezeichnet, werden diese Bereiche 11 beispielsweise durch Nietbohrungen, Taschen zur Gewichtsersparnis, Ausschnitte für Fenster oder dergleichen in das Werkstück 10 eingebracht. Die Bearbeitung des Werkstücks zum Einbringen der Formausnehmung erfolgt durch Zerspanen, beispielsweise am plattenartigen, also ebenen Werkstück 10 mittels dreiachsigen Zerspanungsmaschinen.The workpiece 10 has a shaped recess which is formed by reducing the material thickness. Like the schematic view in Figure 1 It can be seen that the workpiece 10 has areas 11 of reduced material thickness. These areas 11 form the shaped recess. When the workpieces 10 are used in the aircraft industry as aircraft outer skin, also referred to as "skins", these areas 11 are introduced into the workpiece 10, for example, through rivet holes, pockets to save weight, cutouts for windows or the like. The machining of the workpiece for making the mold recess takes place by machining, for example on the plate-like, that is, flat workpiece 10 by means of three-axis machining machines.

Zur Formänderung, beispielsweise um das Werkstück 10 an die gewünschte Flugzeugkontur anzupassen, wird dieses vorzugsweise auf mindestens zwei voneinander beabstandeten Stützelementen 12 eines Maschinenbettes 13 angeordnet. Der Umformvorgang in die Endform erfolgt durch schrittweises Freibiegen. Hierzu wird ein Teilabschnitt des Werkstücks 10 durch Absenken eines Oberwerkzeugs 14 zwischen die Stützelemente 12 aus einer - in der Zeichnung nicht gezeigten - Warteposition in eine Umformposition 15 gebracht.To change the shape, for example to adapt the workpiece 10 to the desired aircraft contour, it is preferably arranged on at least two spaced-apart support elements 12 of a machine bed 13. The forming process into the final shape is carried out by step-by-step free bending. For this purpose, a section of the workpiece 10 is brought from a waiting position - not shown in the drawing - into a forming position 15 by lowering an upper tool 14 between the support elements 12.

Anschließend wird das Oberwerkzeug 14 angehoben, also wieder in z-Richtung 16 in die Warteposition verfahren. Nun wird die Position des Werkstück 10 relativ zu dem Maschinenbett in mindestens einer Zustellrichtung 17 verfahren. Figur 2 zeigt das Werkstück 10 schematisch nach einem oder mehreren Umformvorgängen. Die zuvor beschriebenen Schritte werden repetierend so oft ausgeführt, bis die gewünschte Endform durch mehrfaches Umformen erreicht ist.The upper tool 14 is then raised, that is to say moved back into the waiting position in the z direction 16. The position of the workpiece 10 relative to the machine bed is now moved in at least one infeed direction 17. Figure 2 shows the workpiece 10 schematically after one or more forming processes. The steps described above are carried out repeatedly until the desired final shape is achieved through multiple reshaping.

Weiter bevorzugt sind die - in der Zeichnung nicht gezeigten - Positioniermittel ausgebildet und eingerichtet, das Werkstück 10 nicht nur in der gezeigten Zustellrichtung 17 zu verfahren, sondern zusätzlich in einer weiteren Richtung senkrecht zu der Zustellrichtung 17 zu verfahren. Das Werkstück kann so weitestgehend beliebig in der XY-Ebene positioniert und verfahren werden. Zusätzlich ist es möglich, das Oberwerkzeug 14 gegenüber der Z-Richtung 17 zu neigen. Auf diese Weise können die Werkstücke in gewissem Maß beim Umformen tordiert werden.The positioning means (not shown in the drawing) are furthermore preferably designed and set up not only to move the workpiece 10 in the feed direction 17 shown, but also to move it in a further direction perpendicular to the feed direction 17. The workpiece can be positioned and traversed in the XY plane as far as possible. In addition, it is possible to incline the upper tool 14 in relation to the Z direction 17. In this way, the workpieces can be twisted to a certain extent during forming.

Durch Vorgabe der Eintauchtiefe des Oberwerkzeugs 14, die durch Absenkweg bestimmt ist, wird der jeweils bei einem Umformvorgang gewünschte lokale Biegeradius vorgegeben. Durch repetierendes Ausführen dieses Umformvorgangs wird das Werkstück 10 in die gewünschte Endform umgeformt. Durch Vorgabe individueller Eintauchtiefen für jeden Biegevorgang können unterschiedliche Radien in das Werkstück 10 eingebracht werden.By specifying the depth of immersion of the upper tool 14, which is determined by the lowering path, the local bending radius desired in each case during a forming process is specified. By repeating this forming process, the workpiece 10 is formed into the desired final shape. By specifying individual immersion depths for each bending process, different radii can be introduced into the workpiece 10.

Vor dem Umformen des Werkstücks 10 in die Endform wird ein an die Formausnehmung angepasstes und zum Materialstärkenausgleich eingerichtetes Füllelement 18 erstellt und im Bereich der Formausnehmung angeordnet. Wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigt, wird das Füllelement 18 auf dem umzuformenden Werkstück 10 angeordnet und füllt so insbesondere die Bereiche 11 reduzierter Materialstärke der Formausnehmung aus.Before the workpiece 10 is reshaped into the final shape, a filler element 18 adapted to the shaped recess and set up to compensate for the material thickness is created and arranged in the region of the shaped recess. As in the Figures 1 and 2 As shown, the filling element 18 is arranged on the workpiece 10 to be reshaped and thus fills in particular the areas 11 of reduced material thickness of the mold recess.

Hierdurch wird es erstmals möglich, bereits spanend bearbeitete Werkstücke 10 mit den genannten Formausnehmungen anschließend durch Freibiegen umzuformen, ohne aufgrund bereits eingebrachter Bereiche reduzierter Materialstärke in dem Werkstück 10 in diesen Bereichen Umformergebnisse zu erhalten, die den engen vorgegebenen Toleranzen zuwiderlaufen.This makes it possible for the first time to reshape already machined workpieces 10 with the named recesses by free bending without obtaining forming results in these areas that run counter to the tight specified tolerances due to areas of reduced material thickness already introduced in the workpiece 10.

Das Oberwerkzeug 14 weist vorteilhafterweise ein mit dem Werkstück 10 bzw. dem Füllelement 18 in Kontakt kommendes Schwertende 22 auf. Dieses ist vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff gefertigt und weist einen großen Radius, vorzugsweise größer 50 mm auf, um einerseits das Werkstück 10 schonend zu biegen und andererseits möglichst weiche Übergänge der Biegeradien zu gewährleisten.The upper tool 14 advantageously has a sword end 22 that comes into contact with the workpiece 10 or the filling element 18. This is preferably made of plastic and has a large radius, preferably greater than 50 mm, on the one hand to gently bend the workpiece 10 and on the other hand to ensure the smoothest possible transitions of the bending radii.

Vorzugsweise wird das Füllelement 18 als Negativform bzw. im Wesentlichen als Negativform der Formausnehmung erstellt. Mit anderen Worten weist das Füllelement 18 eine Form auf, die zur Form der Bereiche 11 reduzierter Materialstärke korrespondiert, so dass das auf dem Werkstück 10 angeordnete Füllelement 18 die Formausnehmung vorzugsweise vollflächig ausfüllt und den Materialabtrag des Werkstücks 10 im Bereich der Formausnehmung vollständig kompensiert. Das Füllelemente 18 bildetet so mit dem Werkstück 10 oberwerkzeugseitig eine ebene bzw. glatte Andruckfläche 19. Auch ist es möglich das Füllflächenelement 18 so zu gestalten, dass dieses nur partiell ausgewählte Bereich des Werkstücks 10 abdeckt.The filling element 18 is preferably created as a negative shape or essentially as a negative shape of the shaped recess. In other words, the filling element 18 has a shape that corresponds to the shape of the areas 11 of reduced material thickness, so that the filling element 18 arranged on the workpiece 10 preferably fills the mold recess over the entire surface and completely compensates for the material removal from the workpiece 10 in the region of the mold recess. The filling element 18 thus forms a flat or smooth pressure surface 19 with the workpiece 10 on the upper tool side. It is also possible to design the filling surface element 18 in such a way that this only partially covers the selected area of the workpiece 10.

Weiter bevorzugt weist das Füllelement 18 in Bereichen 11 der Formausnehmung mit reduzierter Materialstärke jeweils eine Mindestdicke auf, die mindestens dem Maß der Materialstärkenreduktion des Werkstücks 10 in diesem Bereich entspricht. Das Werkstück 10 bildet so mit dem Füllelemente 18 die zuvor beschriebene ebene Andruckfläche 19, so dass beim Umformvorgang grundsätzlich ein flächiger Kontakt zwischen Oberwerkzeug 14 und dem Werkstück 10 bzw. dem Füllelement 18 gewährleistet ist.More preferably, the filling element 18 in areas 11 of the shaped recess with reduced material thickness in each case has a minimum thickness which corresponds at least to the extent of the material thickness reduction of the workpiece 10 in this area. The workpiece 10 thus forms the flat pressure surface 19 described above with the filling element 18, so that in principle a flat contact between the upper tool 14 and the workpiece 10 or the filling element 18 is ensured during the forming process.

Das Füllelement 18 wird daher derart erstellt, dass dieses, in der Formausnehmung angeordnet, unter Bildung der zumindest im Wesentlichen glatten Andruckfläche 19 mit der Oberseite 20 des Werkstücks 10 bündig abschließt.The filling element 18 is therefore created in such a way that it, arranged in the mold recess, is flush with the upper side 20 of the workpiece 10, forming the at least substantially smooth pressure surface 19.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten - in der Zeichnung nicht gezeigten - Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Füllelement in vorgegebenen Überhöhungsbereichen gegenüber der Andruckfläche 19 vorspringend erstellt wird. Das Werkstück 10 weist abhängig von der jeweiligen lokalen Materialstärke ein unterschiedliches Rücksprungverhalten auf. In Abhängigkeit der jeweiligen lokalen Materialstärke sowie des gewählten Biegeradius federt das Material des Werkstücks nach dem Umformvorgang unterschiedlich stark zurück.According to a preferred development of the invention - not shown in the drawing - it is provided that the filling element is created so as to protrude from the pressure surface 19 in predetermined raised areas. The workpiece 10 has a different setback behavior depending on the respective local material thickness. Depending on the respective local material thickness and the selected bending radius, the material of the workpiece springs back to different degrees after the forming process.

Dieses Rücksprungverhalten wird erfindungsgemäß vor dem Umformvorgang simulativ ermittelt und anhand dieser Simulation das Rücksprungverhalten des gesamten umzuformenden Werkstücks 10 prognostiziert. Auf Basis dieser Prognose werden anschließend die Überhöhungsbereiche bestimmt, an denen das Füllelement entsprechend breiter auszuführen ist, so dass dieses die genannten Überhöhungsbereiche aufweist. In diesen Überhöhungsbereichen wird so gegenüber den restlichen Bereichen des Füllelements eine erhöhte Eintauchtiefe erzielt und auf diese Weise in den Überhöhungsbereichen die auf das Werkstück ausgeübte Kraft gegenüber den restlichen Bereichen beim Biegevorgang vergrößert. Im Ergebnis wird das Werkstück 10 lokal an den Stellen der Überhöhungsbereiche soweit stärker gebogen, dass das Rücksprungverhalten des Materials kompensiert wird und das Werkstück 10 in allen Bereichen exakt in die gewünschte Endform umgeformt wird.According to the invention, this spring-back behavior is determined simulatively before the forming process, and the spring-back behavior of the entire workpiece 10 to be formed is predicted on the basis of this simulation. On the basis of this prognosis, the elevation areas are then determined in which the filling element is to be made correspondingly wider so that it has the aforementioned elevation areas. In these elevated areas, an increased immersion depth is achieved compared to the remaining areas of the filling element and in this way in the elevated areas increases the force exerted on the workpiece compared to the remaining areas during the bending process. As a result, the workpiece 10 is bent more locally at the points of the raised areas to such an extent that the spring-back behavior of the material is compensated and the workpiece 10 is precisely reshaped into the desired final shape in all areas.

Zur Bestimmung der Überhöhungsbereiche kommt beispielsweise eine Prozesssimulation unter Verwendung eines Programmes zur Analyse mittels Finite-Elemente-Methode (FEM) zum Einsatz. Durch Modellierung der Geometrie des Oberwerkzeugs 14 und des Maschinenbetts 13 sowie der Materialeigenschaften des Werkstücks 10 und des Füllelements 18 kann der Biegevorgang simuliert und so die Gesamtgeometrie des Füllelements 18 so ermittelt werden, dass die genannten exakten Umformergebnisse erzielt werden.For example, a process simulation using a program for analysis using the finite element method (FEM) is used to determine the elevation areas. By modeling the geometry of the upper tool 14 and the machine bed 13 as well as the material properties of the workpiece 10 and the filling element 18, the bending process can be simulated and the overall geometry of the filling element 18 can be determined in such a way that the exact forming results mentioned are achieved.

Wie bereits zuvor ausgeführt, wird das Füllelement 18 auf Basis der ermittelten Geometrie des Füllelements 18 vorzugsweise aus dem Vollen gefräst. Alternativ und/oder in Ergänzung ist es möglich, zum Erstellen der Überhöhungsbereiche eine druckfeste Folie auf der Andruckfläche 19 des Füllelements anzuordnen und so die Materialstärke des Füllelements 18 in den jeweiligen Überhöhungsbereichen entsprechend anzupassen. Weiter bevorzugt wird die Folie auf die Andruckfläche 19 des Füllelements 18 aufgeklebt und so gegen unerwünschtes Verrutschen gesichert.As already stated above, the filling element 18 is preferably milled from the solid on the basis of the determined geometry of the filling element 18. Alternatively and / or in addition, it is possible to arrange a pressure-resistant film on the pressure surface 19 of the filling element in order to create the elevation areas and thus adapt the material thickness of the filling element 18 accordingly in the respective elevation areas. More preferably, the film is glued onto the pressure surface 19 of the filling element 18 and thus secured against undesired slipping.

Vorzugsweise wird das Füllelement 18 aus Acrylnitril-Butadien-Kunststoff (ABS) hergestellt. Dieses Material besitzt ein E-Modul von 2400 MPa und weist so die erforderliche Flexibilität auf, um sich einerseits während des Umformvorgangs elastisch mitzuverformen und anderseits nach dem Ende des Umformvorgangs wieder seine ursprüngliche Form anzunehmen. Auf diese Weise kann das Füllelement 18 für eine Vielzahl von Umformungsvorgängen genutzt werden. Der ABS-Kunststoff weist vorzugsweise eine Härte von 90 shore auf und ist geeignet, zerspanend bearbeitet zu werden.The filling element 18 is preferably made from acrylonitrile butadiene plastic (ABS). This material has a modulus of elasticity of 2400 MPa and thus has the necessary flexibility to deform itself elastically during the forming process on the one hand and to return to its original shape after the end of the forming process on the other. In this way, the filling element 18 can be used for a large number of deformation processes. The ABS plastic preferably has a hardness of 90 shore and is suitable for machining.

Alternativ kann das Füllelement 18 aus anderen Kunststoffen, Faserverbundwerkstoffen, Gießharz oder Federstahl hergestellt werden. Zur Herstellung des Füllelements 18 kommen neben der zerspanenden Bearbeitung je nach verwandtem Material auch Guss- oder Laminier-Verfahren zum Einsatz.Alternatively, the filling element 18 can be made of other plastics, fiber composite materials, cast resin or spring steel. In addition to machining, casting or lamination processes are also used to produce the filling element 18, depending on the material used.

In Figur 3 ist eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführung der Anordnung gezeigt, anhand derer im Folgenden auch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erläutert wird. Zwischen den Stützelementen 12 des Maschinenbetts 13 und dem Werkstück 10 ist ein federndes Stützflächenelement 21 angeordnet. Das Werkstück 10 ist also auf den mindestens zwei Stützelementen 12 über das federnde Stützflächenelemente 21 gelagert. Das Stützflächenelement 21 ist folglich als Federmaschinenbett ausgebildet und wird beim Umformvorgang des Werkstücks 10 elastisch mitverformt, stellt sich jedoch nach Abschluss des Biegevorgangs selbsttätig in seine ursprüngliche Form zurück. Durch das Stützflächenelement 21 wird das Werkstück 10 vollflächig gestützt.In Figure 3 a further advantageous embodiment of the arrangement is shown, on the basis of which the method according to the invention is also explained below. A resilient support surface element 21 is arranged between the support elements 12 of the machine bed 13 and the workpiece 10. The workpiece 10 is therefore mounted on the at least two support elements 12 via the resilient support surface element 21. The support surface element 21 is consequently designed as a spring machine bed and is elastically deformed during the deformation process of the workpiece 10, but automatically returns to its original shape after the bending process has been completed. The workpiece 10 is supported over its entire surface by the support surface element 21.

Claims (10)

  1. Method for changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece (10), which has a mould recess formed by reducing the thickness of the material, comprising
    arranging the workpiece (10) on at least two spaced-apart supporting elements (12) of a machine bed (13),
    forming the workpiece (10) into a final shape by step-by-step free bending, in that the steps of
    - bending a part of the workpiece (10) by lowering an upper die (14) between the supporting elements from a waiting position into a forming position (15),
    - raising the upper die (14) into the waiting position and
    - moving the position of the workpiece (10) relative to the machine bed (13) in at least one infeed direction
    are performed repetitively, characterised in that
    before the workpiece (10) is formed into the final shape, a filling element (18), which is adapted to the mould recess and designed to make up the material thickness, is produced and is arranged in the region of the mould recess.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the filling element (18) is produced at least substantially as a negative form of the mould recess.
  3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that, in regions (11) of the mould recess with reduced material thickness, the filling element (18) has a minimum thickness in each case which corresponds at least to the amount of reduction in the material thickness of the workpiece (10) in this region.
  4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the filling element (18) is produced in such a manner that, when arranged in the mould recess, it finishes flush with the upper side (20) of the workpiece (10), forming an at least substantially smooth pressure surface (19).
  5. Method according to claim 4, characterised in that the filling element (18) is produced so as to protrude with respect to the pressure surface (19) in predetermined raised regions.
  6. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that a pressure-resistant foil is arranged on the pressure surface (19) of the filling element (18) for producing the raised regions.
  7. Method according to claim 6, characterised in that the foil is glued on.
  8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the filling element (18) is made of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS).
  9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the filling element (18) is produced by machining.
  10. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a resilient supporting surface element (21) is arranged between the supporting elements (12) of the machine bed (13) and the workpiece (10).
EP20199066.0A 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Method of changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece Active EP3778062B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES20199066T ES2901694T3 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Procedure for forming a workpiece in the form of a plate
EP20199066.0A EP3778062B1 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Method of changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19700802.2A EP3731983B1 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Arrangement for changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece
PCT/EP2019/050955 WO2020147935A1 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Method and arrangement for changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece
EP20199066.0A EP3778062B1 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Method of changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19700802.2A Division-Into EP3731983B1 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Arrangement for changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece
EP19700802.2A Division EP3731983B1 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Arrangement for changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3778062A1 EP3778062A1 (en) 2021-02-17
EP3778062B1 true EP3778062B1 (en) 2021-10-20

Family

ID=65033596

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20199066.0A Active EP3778062B1 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Method of changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece
EP19700802.2A Active EP3731983B1 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Arrangement for changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19700802.2A Active EP3731983B1 (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Arrangement for changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20220072596A1 (en)
EP (2) EP3778062B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2022515792A (en)
KR (1) KR20210091785A (en)
CN (1) CN113365754A (en)
BR (1) BR112021011416A2 (en)
CA (1) CA3121688A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2901694T3 (en)
IL (1) IL284601A (en)
RU (1) RU2763370C1 (en)
SG (1) SG11202106383PA (en)
WO (1) WO2020147935A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE584365C (en) * 1931-07-17 1933-09-19 E H Hugo Junkers Dr Ing Process for pressing recesses in sheet metal
US2377664A (en) * 1941-12-20 1945-06-05 Armstrong Cork Co Sheet metal shaping and shearing
JPS5118253A (en) * 1974-08-06 1976-02-13 Osaka Tetsuen Kikai Kk KOKANSEIKEIYO PURESUSOCHI
RU2149728C1 (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "АВТОВАЗ" Method for drawing different-thickness welded sheet blank and die set for performing the same
US5956991A (en) * 1998-08-19 1999-09-28 Tseng; Shao-Chien Forming device for shaped decoration panels
RU2243049C2 (en) * 2002-07-22 2004-12-27 Ястребов Игорь Вадимович Method for part bending with large radius (variants)
JP2011194426A (en) * 2010-03-18 2011-10-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method of molding plate-shaped workpiece and molded article
KR20120130263A (en) * 2010-03-18 2012-11-29 미츠비시 쥬고교 가부시키가이샤 Molding method for plate-shaped workpiece, and molded article
JP5916293B2 (en) * 2011-03-31 2016-05-11 三菱重工業株式会社 Molding method of plate workpiece
DE102011114927A1 (en) 2011-10-06 2013-04-11 Lufthansa Technik Ag Method for roll bending of large curved sheets around outer skin of aircraft, involves bending metal sheets of specific meters long to minimum wide target radius, such that round bending takes place by multiple edges with circular die
JP6262166B2 (en) * 2014-03-31 2018-01-17 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Bending press mold
JP6069385B2 (en) * 2015-02-27 2017-02-01 アイダエンジニアリング株式会社 Plate metal material bending apparatus and method
JP6308598B2 (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-04-11 アイダエンジニアリング株式会社 Plate metal material bending apparatus and method
CN110234445B (en) * 2017-01-31 2021-06-15 日轻金Act株式会社 Mold and processing method using same
CN106881570A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-06-23 北京航星机器制造有限公司 A kind of manufacture method of the circular arc with muscle covering

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3731983A1 (en) 2020-11-04
BR112021011416A2 (en) 2023-09-26
CN113365754A (en) 2021-09-07
WO2020147935A1 (en) 2020-07-23
RU2763370C1 (en) 2021-12-28
ES2901694T3 (en) 2022-03-23
EP3731983B1 (en) 2022-06-08
IL284601A (en) 2021-08-31
US20220072596A1 (en) 2022-03-10
JP2022515792A (en) 2022-02-22
KR20210091785A (en) 2021-07-22
CA3121688A1 (en) 2020-07-23
EP3778062A1 (en) 2021-02-17
SG11202106383PA (en) 2021-07-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69911994T2 (en) METHOD FOR MOLDING REINFORCED PARTS
EP2701861B1 (en) Method and device for producing flangeless drawn parts
DE102005041460A1 (en) Deforming tool system with punch, lower holder and mold, useful e.g. in processing metal sheet for automobile productions, has masks of different properties to produce different components of similar geometries
EP2111937A1 (en) Method for manufacturing sheet metal circuit boards varying in thickness
DE102014014202A1 (en) Method and device for the combined production of components by means of incremental sheet metal forming and additive processes in one setting
DE102011079734A1 (en) METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE GEOMETRIC ACCURACY OF AN INCREMENTELY IMPLEMENTED WORKPIECE
EP2701862B1 (en) Method and device for producing flanged drawn parts with simultaneous trimming
DE102007056358A1 (en) Forming tool e.g. deep drawing press, manufacturing method for deep-drawing processes, involves transforming metal part for forming tool form by shaping, where metal part is back filled for reinforcement and filled with material
EP2208551A2 (en) Method for producing a complex sheet metal part
DE102009056315A1 (en) Stretching apparatus and method for stretch drawing a workpiece and stretch-drawn part
DE102006002146B4 (en) Device for producing a component by incremental deformation of a metal sheet and method for producing a skeleton patrix
DE10324244A1 (en) Process for the production of individualized outer skin sheet metal parts from series production of outer skin sheet metal parts for vehicles as well as outer skin sheet metal parts manufactured according to this process
DE102008012230A1 (en) Component e.g. prototype component, manufacturing tool for e.g. passenger car, has upper and lower parts designed in modular manner from cast iron, where upper part has matrix module and lower part has die and metal bracket modules
DE102005024378B4 (en) Method for incremental forming of thin-walled workpieces and device
EP3778062B1 (en) Method of changing the shape of a sheet-like workpiece
DE102017002257A1 (en) Method for commissioning a forming tool
DE102006052696A1 (en) Plates or semi-finished product transforming method, involves producing negative pressure in die plate of tool half in relation to pressure of transforming medium between another tool half and semi-finished product
EP2662161B1 (en) Method for manufacturing a workpiece
DE102014216503A1 (en) Tool for the production of sheet metal part edges having sheet metal parts
DE102013204011A1 (en) Method for designing a forming tool
DE102018108391A1 (en) Method for constructing a forming element for a forming tool and a forming element produced by means of such a method
DE102021125209B4 (en) Process and device for processing a flat, flat workpiece
DE102016007037A1 (en) Method for producing a metalworking tool
DE102014213063A1 (en) Method and tool device for producing a seam connection
DE10224711A1 (en) Method for optimizing setting of a forming geometry of a forming tool, corresponding forming tool and suitable test tool

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 3731983

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: P

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20210226

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B21K 1/32 20060101ALI20210512BHEP

Ipc: B21D 53/30 20060101AFI20210512BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20210527

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 3731983

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: P

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502019002567

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1439499

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20211115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2901694

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20220323

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220120

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220220

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220221

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220120

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220121

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502019002567

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20220721

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220115

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220115

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230123

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20230216

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20230130

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230127

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20230123

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20230112

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20230123

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20230131

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20230117

Year of fee payment: 5

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230508

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20240123

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20240216

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211020

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240104

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20240201

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240104

Year of fee payment: 6