EP3765894B1 - Display panel, display apparatus, and method of driving display panel - Google Patents

Display panel, display apparatus, and method of driving display panel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3765894B1
EP3765894B1 EP18855168.3A EP18855168A EP3765894B1 EP 3765894 B1 EP3765894 B1 EP 3765894B1 EP 18855168 A EP18855168 A EP 18855168A EP 3765894 B1 EP3765894 B1 EP 3765894B1
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Prior art keywords
sub
electrodes
liquid crystal
electrode
base substrate
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3765894A4 (en
EP3765894A1 (en
Inventor
Haiyan Wang
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133526—Lenses, e.g. microlenses or Fresnel lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3607—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13356—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
    • G02F1/133565—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements inside the LC elements, i.e. between the cell substrates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G02F1/291—Two-dimensional analogue deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G02F1/31—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/01—Function characteristic transmissive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/28—Function characteristic focussing or defocussing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/30—Gray scale
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/62—Switchable arrangements whereby the element being usually not switchable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to display technology, more particularly, to a display panel, a display apparatus, and a method of driving a display panel thereof.
  • liquid crystal display panel comprises polarizers, color filters, liquid crystal layers, TFT array substrates and backlights. Only a small percentage of the incident light emitted by a backlight transmits through all layers of a liquid crystal display panel.
  • a stereoscopic imaging apparatus includes: a display panel (110), including a pixel array and configured to display images; and at least two lens layers (120, 130), disposed in a position corresponding to the pixel array, and configured to alternately deflect, according to applied time-multiplexing electric fields, light rays of the images displayed by all pixels (111 to 116) in the pixel array to at least four different projection directions, where a deflection angle corresponding to the at least four different projection directions is a sum of deflection angles of all of the at least two lens layers (120, 130), so that multiple persons can simultaneously view a three-dimensional stereoscopic image.
  • US2015/279302A1 discloses a pixel structure including a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer and a liquid crystal layer.
  • the firs electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes, wherein the first electrodes are used for receiving a first driving voltage, and the second electrodes are used for receiving a second driving voltage.
  • the second electrode layer includes a plurality of third electrodes and a plurality of fourth electrodes, wherein the third electrodes are used for receiving a third driving voltage, and the fourth electrodes are used for receiving a fourth driving voltage.
  • the Liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.
  • the first electrodes and the second electrodes are alternately disposed along a first direction parallel to the liquid crystal layer, and the third electrodes and the fourth electrodes are alternately disposed along the first direction.
  • CN107632451A discloses a display panel, a display device and a display method.
  • a first light shield layer and an optical grating layer are arranged on a first substrate to form an array substrate of a display panel;
  • a second light shield layer and a lens structure layer are arranged on a second substrate to form an opposite substrate of the display panel;
  • a groove which sinks toward the second substrate is formed in the lens structure layer;
  • the first light shield layer comprises a first light shield area and a first gap area which are arranged at intervals; the first gap area is positioned in an orthographic projection in which the groove is formed in the first light shield layer;
  • the second light shield layer comprises a second light shield area and a second gap area which are arranged at intervals; a projection of a vertex of an arc surface of the groove on the second light shield area is positioned in the second light shield area.
  • the light shield layers are both arranged on the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and the positions of the light shield layers are designed, by cooperating with a liquid crystal layer, the optical grating layer and the lens structure layer, modulation on light ray propagation directions is realized, so that a display function is realized; the arrangement of a polarizer sheet is not needed, so that the cost is low, a structure is simple, the transmission rate of light rays is high, and the dependability of the display device is improved.
  • US2012/105750A1 discloses an image display device includes a display panel displaying an image and a diffractive device.
  • the diffractive device operates in a 2D mode to enable perception of a 2D image from the image of the display panel and in a 3D mode to enable perception of the image of the display panel as a 3D image.
  • the diffractive device includes a plurality of unit devices. When the diffractive device operates in 3D mode, at least one of the plurality of unit devices operates in a lens mode and a barrier mode during different periods.
  • US2014/055716A1 discloses a liquid-crystal-lens type light-modulating apparatus and a liquid crystal display having the same.
  • the liquid-crystal-lens type light-modulating apparatus comprises: a first light-transmissive substrate, with a first electrode layer and a first alignment layer being provided sequentially on an upper surface thereof; a second light-transmissive substrate located over the first substrate, with a second electrode layer and a second alignment layer being provided sequentially on a lower surface thereof; and liquid crystal sandwiched between the first and second alignment layers, wherein at least one from the first and second electrode layers is formed as a patterned electrode, and the patterned electrode comprises: a plurality of electrode light-transmissive regions and a plurality of light-shielding regions, arranged at an interval therebetween; and the liquid-crystal-lens type light-modulating apparatus further comprises a shielding sheet provided above the second substrate, and the shielding sheet comprises: a plurality of shielding sheet light-transmissive regions
  • CN107450211A discloses a gray scale control structure which comprises a first substrate, a light extraction layer, an electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a filter layer and a second substrate which are sequentially arranged in a laminating mode.
  • a plurality of side-by-side strip electrodes are arranged in the electrode layer, so that a lens unit can be formed in the liquid crystal layer;
  • the filter layer comprises a light emergence strip and a black matrix which are arranged side by side; the light emergence strip is opposite to the lens unit;
  • a light extraction grating is arranged in the light extraction layer; the light extraction grating is opposite to the light emergence strip; the projection of the light emergence strip on the light extraction layer covers the light extraction grating.
  • the gray scale controls the size of a gray scale by regulating and controlling a deflection direction of incident light, meanwhile, can improve light transmittance, and has a high contrast ratio.
  • the present invention provides a display panel having a plurality of subpixels, comprising a first base substrate; a second base substrate facing the first base substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the first base substrate and the second base substrate; a plurality of first electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels and on a side of the first base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and configured to generate a first fringe electric field to form a first liquid crystal lens in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels in the liquid crystal layer; and a plurality of second electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels and on a side of the second base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and configured to generate a second fringe electric field to form a second liquid crystal lens in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels in the liquid crystal layer.
  • the first liquid crystal lens in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels is a convex lens protruding along a direction from the first base substrate to the second base substrate; and the second liquid crystal lens in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels is a convex lens protruding along a direction from the second base substrate to the first base substrate,
  • a main optical axis of the first liquid crystal lens and a main optical axis of the second liquid crystal lens are co-linear.
  • a focal point of the first liquid crystal lens coincides with a focal point of the second liquid crystal lens.
  • a main optical axis of the first liquid crystal lens is substantially perpendicular to the first base substrate; and a main optical axis of the second liquid crystal lens is substantially perpendicular to the second base substrate.
  • the first liquid crystal lens is symmetrical with respect to a main optical axis of the first liquid crystal lens; and the second liquid crystal lens is symmetrical with respect to a main optical axis of the second liquid crystal lens.
  • each of the plurality of first electrode groups in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels comprises a first sub-electrode on a side of the first base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; a first insulating layer on a side of the first sub-electrode distal to the first base substrate; and a plurality of second sub-electrodes on a side of the first insulating layer distal to the first sub-electrode; wherein each of the plurality of second electrode groups in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels comprises a third sub-electrode on a side of the second base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; a second insulating layer on a side of the third sub-electrode distal to the second base substrate; and a plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on a side of the second insulating layer distal to the third sub-electrode; wherein an orthographic projection of the first sub-electrode on the first base substrate substantially covers orthographic projections of
  • a total number of the plurality of second sub-electrodes in each of the plurality of subpixels is an odd number; and a total number of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes in each of the plurality of subpixels is an odd number.
  • the display panel has a first aperture extending through the third sub-electrode in each of the plurality of subpixels; and an orthographic projection of a central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on the third sub-electrode covers the first aperture.
  • a ratio of a width of the first aperture to a width of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes is in a range of 1:10 to 4:5.
  • the display panel further comprises a black matrix defining a plurality of second apertures; and a color filter between the second base substrate and the plurality of second electrode groups, and comprising a plurality of color filter blocks respectively in the plurality of second apertures; wherein an orthographic projection of the second liquid crystal lens in each of the plurality of subpixels on the second base substrate covers orthographic projections of N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks, N is an even integer; and, optionally, an orthographic projection of a part of the black matrix at a central position with respect to the N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks on the second base substrate covers an orthographic projection of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on the second base substrate.
  • the plurality of color filter blocks are made of quantum dots.
  • the display panel further comprises a light collimator on a side of the liquid crystal layer distal to the second base substrate, and configure to collimate incident light into substantially collimated light; wherein the orthographic projection of the part of the black matrix at the central position with respect to the N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks on the first base substrate covers an orthographic projection of the light collimator on the first base substrate.
  • a ratio of a diameter of the second liquid crystal lens to a diameter of the first liquid crystal lens is in a range of 6:1 to 3:1.
  • the diameter of the first liquid crystal lens is in a range of approximately 9 ⁇ m to approximately 17 ⁇ m.
  • the present invention provides a display apparatus, comprising the display panel described herein or fabricated by a method described herein, and one or more integrated driving circuits.
  • the present invention provides a method of driving a display panel having a plurality of subpixels, wherein the display panel comprises a first base substrate; a second base substrate facing the first base substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between the first base substrate and the second base substrate; the method comprises generating a first fringe electric field to form a first liquid crystal lens in each of the plurality of subpixels in the liquid crystal layer by applying a first voltage level to a plurality of first electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels and on a side of the first base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; and generating a second fringe electric field to form a second liquid crystal lens in each of the plurality of subpixels in the liquid crystal layer by applying a second voltage level to a plurality of second electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels and on a side of the second base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer.
  • the method further comprises adjusting a grayscale of one of the plurality of subpixels by changing one or a combination of the first voltage level and the second voltage level, thereby changing one or a combination of a first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and a second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels.
  • focal points of the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens are maintained coincided during adjusting the grayscale.
  • each of the plurality of first electrode groups in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels comprises a first sub-electrode on a side of the first base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; a first insulating layer on a side of the first sub-electrode distal to the first base substrate; and a plurality of second sub-electrodes on a side of the first insulating layer distal to the first sub-electrode; wherein each of the plurality of second electrode groups in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels comprises a third sub-electrode on a side of the second base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; a second insulating layer on a side of the third sub-electrode distal to the second base substrate; and a plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on a side of the second insulating layer distal to the third sub-electrode; wherein an orthographic projection of the first sub-electrode on the first base substrate substantially covers orthographic projections of
  • adjusting the grayscale comprises increasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels by increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • adjusting the grayscale comprises increasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels by increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • adjusting the grayscale comprises decreasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels by decreasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • adjusting the grayscale comprises decreasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels by decreasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • voltage levels of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes and the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels are substantially same.
  • a light transmission rate of a display panel comprising two polarizers is approximately 5%, and the display panel consumes relatively high energy and has a relatively low energy utilization rate.
  • the present disclosure provides, inter alia, a display panel, a display apparatus, and a method of driving a display panel thereof that substantially obviate one or more of the problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
  • the present disclosure provides a display panel having a plurality of subpixels.
  • the display panel having a plurality of subpixels comprises a first base substrate; a second base substrate facing the first base substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the first base substrate and the second base substrate; a plurality of first electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels and on a side of the first base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and configured to generate a first fringe electric field to form a first liquid crystal lens in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels in the liquid crystal layer; and a plurality of second electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels and on a side of the second base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and configured to generate a second fringe electric field to form a second liquid crystal lens in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels in the liquid crystal layer.
  • the present disclosure increases the light transmission rate of the display panel having the plurality of subpixels, increase the light utilization rate, and improve the display quality of the display panel having the plurality of subpixels.
  • the term “fringe electric field” denotes an electric field that occupies a space not directly between two conductors or between two electrodes; i.e., as is well known in relevant art, its electric field lines may curvedly distribute in a fringe region of the two conductors, rather than distributing linearly in a space directly between the two conductors.
  • the term “direct electric field” denotes an electric field in a space directly between two conductors or between two electrodes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating light transmission rates of different parts of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in a relevant art.
  • a percentage of light fails to transmit through all layers of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels, and a final light transmission rate of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels is approximately 5.5 %.
  • a display panel having a plurality of subpixels comprises a backlight, a first polarizer having a light transmission rate 43%, an array substrate having a light transmission rate 50%-60%, a liquid crystal layer, a color filter having a light transmission rate 28%, and a second polarizer having a light transmission rate 86%.
  • the light transmission rates of the first polarizer, the second polarizer, and the color filter are relatively low.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels Sp in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • a display panel having a plurality of subpixels Sp comprises a first base substrate 10; a second base substrate 20 facing the first base substrate; a liquid crystal layer 30 between the first base substrate 10 and the second base substrate 20; a plurality of first electrode groups 40 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp and on a side of the first base substrate 10 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and configured to generate a first fringe electric field FF1 to form a first liquid crystal lens 50 in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp in the liquid crystal layer; and a plurality of second electrode groups 60 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp and on a side of the second base substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and configured to generate a second fringe electric field FF2 to form a second liquid crystal lens 70 in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp is a convex lens protruding along a direction from the first base substrate 10 to the second base substrate 20.
  • the second liquid crystal lens 70 in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp is a convex lens protruding along a direction from the second base substrate 20 to the first base substrate 10.
  • an orthographic projection of the second liquid crystal lens 70 on the first base substrate 10 covers an orthographic projection of the first liquid crystal lens 50 on the first base substrate 10.
  • a diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is smaller than a diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 is on a side of the second liquid crystal lens 70 distal to the second base substrate 20; and the second liquid crystal lens 70 is on a side of the first liquid crystal lens 50 distal to the first base substrate 10.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp is independently controlled.
  • the second liquid crystal lens 70 in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp is also independently controlled.
  • the present disclosure in some embodiments provides a display panel absent of any polarizer on either side of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the display panel in the present disclosure is absent of any polarizer.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second liquid crystal lenses 70 in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp are used instead of the polarizers in relevant art to adjust a grayscale of the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp. As such, the effect of the polarizer with a low light transmission rate is eliminated.
  • a light transmission rate of a display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp having the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second liquid crystal lens 70 is significantly enhanced as compared to relevant display panels having polarizers, and the image display quality of the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp having the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second liquid crystal lens 70 is improved.
  • the orthographic projection of the second liquid crystal lens 70 on the first base substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the first liquid crystal lens 50 on the first base substrate 10, and optionally the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is smaller than the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • all the light converged by the first liquid crystal lens 50 in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp may be transmitted completely into the second liquid crystal lenses 70 in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp.
  • the light utilization rate is increased.
  • first base substrate 10 and the second base substrate 20 may be used for making the first base substrate 10 and the second base substrate 20.
  • materials suitable for making the first base substrate 10 and the second base substrate 20 comprise polymer substrates, metal material substrates, and glass substrates.
  • liquid crystal layer 30 Various appropriate materials may be used for making the liquid crystal layer 30.
  • materials suitable for making liquid crystal layer 30 comprise nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, and cholesteric liquid crystal.
  • a main optical axis 51 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and a main optical axis 71 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are co-linear.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 can converge light onto the second liquid crystal lens 70, and the light converged by the first liquid crystal lens 50 is uniformly transmitted to the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the light utilization rate can be increased, the uniformity of light dispersion can also be increased, and the image display quality of the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp can be improved.
  • a focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 coincides with a focal point of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • all incident light can be converged by the first liquid crystal lens 50 onto the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • All incident light emitted out of the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp is parallel with a direction of the main optical axis 51 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and a direction of the main optical axis 71 of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the light utilization rate can be increased, and color mixing of display panel can be avoided.
  • the main optical axis 51 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is substantially perpendicular to the first base substrate 10; and the main optical axis 71 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is substantially perpendicular to the second base substrate 20.
  • the incident light converged by the first liquid crystal lens 50 is uniformly transmitted through the second liquid crystal lens 70, and the incident light converged by the second liquid crystal lens 70 is uniformly transmitted out.
  • the light utilization rate can be increased.
  • substantially perpendicular means that an angle is in the range of approximately 45 degrees to approximately 135 degrees, e.g., approximately 85 degrees to approximately 95 degrees, approximately 80 degrees to approximately 100 degrees, approximately 75 degrees to approximately 105 degrees, approximately 70 degrees to approximately 110 degrees, approximately 65 degrees to approximately 115 degrees, approximately 60 degrees to approximately 120 degrees.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 is symmetrical with respect to the main optical axis 51 of the first liquid crystal lens 50; and the second liquid crystal lens 70 is symmetrical with respect to the main optical axis 71 of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 has a symmetrical structure, and the second liquid crystal lens 70 has a symmetrical structure.
  • the main optical axis 51 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the main optical axis 71 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are co-linear. Based on this setting, incident light emitted from the backlight is uniformly transmitted through the first liquid crystal lens 50.
  • a ratio of the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 to the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is in a range of 6:1 to 3:1, e.g. 6:1 to 5:1, 5:1 to 4:1, and 4:1 to 3:1.
  • Incident light is converged by the first liquid crystal lens 50 and transmitted through the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the light utilization rate can be increased, the dispersed area of the incident light can be increased.
  • a better resolution of the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp can be achieved.
  • a size of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and a size of the second liquid crystal lens 70 can be determined depending on a resolution of the display panel and other parameters of other parts of the display panel.
  • the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is in a range of approximately 9 ⁇ m to approximately 17 ⁇ m, e.g., approximately 9 ⁇ m to approximately 12 ⁇ m, approximately 12 ⁇ m to approximately 15 ⁇ m, and approximately 15 ⁇ m to approximately 17 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 can be determined depending on the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the parameters of the display panel.
  • the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is in a range of approximately 27 ⁇ m to approximately 102 ⁇ m, e.g., approximately 27 ⁇ m to approximately 40 ⁇ m, approximately 40 ⁇ m to approximately 50 ⁇ m, approximately 50 ⁇ m to approximately 60 ⁇ m, approximately 60 ⁇ m to approximately 70 ⁇ m, approximately 70 ⁇ m to approximately 80 ⁇ m, approximately 80 ⁇ m to approximately 90 ⁇ m, approximately 90 ⁇ m to approximately 102 ⁇ m.
  • a thickness D2 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and a thickness D1 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 can be determined depending on parameters of the display panel.
  • the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the focal point of the second liquid crystal lens 70 can be determined depending on parameters and different grayscales of the display panel. In some embodiments, parameters of the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the focal point of the second liquid crystal lens 70 can be determined, as long as the grayscale of the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp can be controlled by the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • a first alignment layer 32 is disposed on a side of side of the first base substrate 10 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and a second alignment layer 31 is disposed on a side of the second base substrate 20 the liquid crystal layer 30 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, so as to implement a functionality of alignment of liquid crystal molecules.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 is induced by adjusting a voltage level applied on a respective one of the plurality of first electrode groups 40 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp.
  • the second liquid crystal lens 70 is induced by adjusting a voltage level applied on a respective one of the plurality of second electrode groups 60 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp.
  • parameters of the plurality of first electrode groups 40 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp and the plurality of second electrode groups 60 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp can be determined depending on design needs.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • each of the plurality of first electrode groups 40 in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp comprises a first sub-electrode 41 on a side of the first base substrate 10 facing the liquid crystal layer 30; a first insulating layer 42 on a side of the first sub-electrode 41 distal to the first base substrate 10, and covering the first sub-electrode 41; and a plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on a side of the first insulating layer 42 distal to the first sub-electrode 41.
  • an orthographic projection of the first sub-electrode 41 on the first base substrate 10 substantially covers orthographic projections of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on the first base substrate 10.
  • different voltages are respectively applied to the first sub-electrode 41 and the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43, there are differences between a voltage level of the first sub-electrode 41 and each voltage level of each of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43.
  • the first fringe electric field FF1 is generated to form a first liquid crystal lens 50 in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp in the liquid crystal layer 30.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 surrounding the each of the plurality of first electrode groups 40 spin and deflect to form the first liquid crystal lens 50.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 is a convex lens protruding along a direction from the first base substrate 10 toward the second base substrate 20.
  • each of the plurality of second electrode groups 60 in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp comprises a third sub-electrode 61 on a side of the second base substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30; a second insulating layer 62 on a side of the third sub-electrode 61 distal to the second base substrate 20, and covering the third sub-electrode 61; and a plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on a side of the second insulating layer 62 distal to the third sub-electrode 61.
  • an orthographic projection of the third sub-electrode 61 on the second base substrate 20 substantially covers orthographic projections of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on the second base substrate 20.
  • different voltages are respectively applied to the third sub-electrode 61 and the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63, there are differences between a voltage level of the third sub-electrode 61 and each voltage level of each of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63.
  • the second fringe electric field FF2 is generated to form a second liquid crystal lens 70 in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp in the liquid crystal layer 30.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 surrounding the each of the plurality of second electrode groups 60 spin and deflect to form the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the second liquid crystal lens 70 is a convex lens protruding along a direction from the second base substrate 20 toward the first base substrate 10.
  • the term “substantially covers” means that one object or one orthographic projection being at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% covered by another orthographic projection.
  • the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 and the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 can have various appropriate arrangements.
  • the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 are evenly distributed and the plurality of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 are evenly distributed, and the main optical axis 51 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the main optical axis 71 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are co-linear; the main optical axis 51 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is substantially perpendicular to the first base substrate 10; and the main optical axis 71 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is substantially perpendicular to the second base substrate 20.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 is symmetrical with respect to the main optical axis 51 of the first liquid crystal lens 50; and the second liquid crystal lens 70 is symmetrical with respect to the main optical axis 71 of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 increase, in stepwise increments, from a central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on two sides, respectively.
  • the first fringe electric field FF1 is generated to form the first liquid crystal lens 50 in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp in the liquid crystal layer 30.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 increase, in stepwise increments, from a central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on two sides, respectively.
  • the second fringe electric field FF2 is generated to form the second liquid crystal lens 70 in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels Sp in the liquid crystal layer 30.
  • the incident light is converged by the first liquid crystal lens 50 and uniformly transmitted to the second liquid crystal lens 70, subsequently, the incident light is in turn converged by the second liquid crystal lens 70 and uniformly transmitted out.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 increase, in stepwise increments, from a central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on two sides, respectively.
  • first stepwise increments from the central most sub-electrode 431 to a first outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on a first side and second stepwise increments from the central most sub-electrode 431 to a second outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on a second side are symmetrical with respect to each other.
  • voltage differences respectively between the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 and the first sub-electrode 41 increase, in stepwise increments, from a central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on two sides, respectively.
  • first stepwise increments of the voltage differences, with respect to the first sub-electrode 41, from the central most sub-electrode 431 to a first outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on a first side and second stepwise increments of the voltage differences, with respect to the first sub-electrode 41, from the central most sub-electrode 431 to a second outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on a second side are symmetrical with respect to each other.
  • a degree of spinning and thus a deflection level of each of the liquid crystal molecules surround the respective one of the plurality of first electrode groups 40 increases gradually from the main optical axis to two side, e.g., in a symmetrical fashion, thereby forming a first liquid crystal lens 50 that is symmetrical.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 increase, in stepwise increments, from a central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on two sides, respectively.
  • first stepwise increments from the central most sub-electrode 631 to a first outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on a first side and second stepwise increments from the central most sub-electrode 631 to a second outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on a second side are symmetrical with respect to each other.
  • voltage differences respectively between the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 and the third sub-electrode 61 increase, in stepwise increments, from a central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on two sides, respectively.
  • first stepwise increments of the voltage differences, with respect to the third sub-electrode 61, from the central most sub-electrode 631 to a first outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on a first side and second stepwise increments of the voltage differences, with respect to the third sub-electrode 61, from the central most sub-electrode 631 to a second outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on a second side are symmetrical with respect to each other.
  • a degree of spinning and thus a deflection level of each of the liquid crystal molecules surround the respective one of the plurality of second electrode groups 60 increases gradually from the main optical axis to two side, e.g., in a symmetrical fashion, thereby forming a second liquid crystal lens 70 that is symmetrical.
  • each of the plurality of first electrode group 40 can have various appropriate numbers of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 and each of the plurality of second electrode group 60 can have various appropriate numbers of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63; in other words, there are no restrictive requirements on specific numbers of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 and specific numbers of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63.
  • a diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is smaller than a diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the total number of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is greater than the total number of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43.
  • the total number of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 in each of the plurality of subpixels Sp is an odd number
  • the total number of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 in each of the plurality of subpixels Sp is also an odd number
  • the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 comprises a central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 disposed in the center of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43.
  • the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 comprises a central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 disposed in the center of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63.
  • the main optical axis of the first liquid crystal lens 50 passes a center position of the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43
  • the main optical axis of the second liquid crystal lens 70 passes a center position of the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63.
  • the main optical axis of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the main optical axis of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are co-linear, and both pass the center position of the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 and pass the center position of the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63.
  • voltage levels at the plurality of first electrode groups 40 and the plurality of second electrode groups 60 can be controlled such that the liquid crystal molecules at positions respectively corresponding to the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 and the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 may not substantially spin.
  • a difference between the voltage level of the first sub-electrode 41 and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 is substantially zero, and a difference between the voltage level of the third sub-electrode 61 and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is substantially zero.
  • first stepwise increments of the voltage differences, with respect to the first sub-electrode 41, from the central most sub-electrode 431 to a first outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on a first side and second stepwise increments of the voltage differences, with respect to the first sub-electrode 41, from the central most sub-electrode 431 to a second outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on a second side are symmetrical with respect to each other.
  • first stepwise increments of the voltage differences, with respect to the third sub-electrode 61, from the central most sub-electrode 631 to a first outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on a first side and second stepwise increments of the voltage differences, with respect to the third sub-electrode 61, from the central most sub-electrode 631 to a second outermost sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on a second side are symmetrical with respect to each other.
  • a degree of spinning and thus a deflection level of each of the liquid crystal molecules surround the respective one of the plurality of first electrode groups 40 increases gradually from the main optical axis to two side, e.g., in a symmetrical fashion, thereby forming a first liquid crystal lens 50 that is symmetrical
  • a degree of spinning and thus a deflection level of each of the liquid crystal molecules surround the respective one of the plurality of second electrode groups 60 increases gradually from the main optical axis to two side, e.g., in a symmetrical fashion, thereby forming a second liquid crystal lens 70 that is symmetrical.
  • the voltage level of the first sub-electrode 41 is substantially same as the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 such that the difference between the voltage level of the first sub-electrode 41 and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 is substantially zero.
  • the voltage level of the first sub-electrode 41 and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 may have any appropriate values as long as the difference there-between is substantially zero.
  • the voltage level of the first sub-electrode 41 and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 are both substantially zero.
  • the voltage level of the third sub-electrode 61 is substantially same as the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 such that a difference between the voltage level of the third sub-electrode 61 and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is substantially zero.
  • the voltage level of the third sub-electrode 61 and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 may have any appropriate values as long as the difference there-between is substantially zero.
  • the voltage level of the third sub-electrode 61 and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 are both substantially zero.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes increase, in stepwise increments, from the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on two sides, respectively, in a symmetrical fashion.
  • both voltages applied to the first sub-electrode 41 and the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 is 0.
  • a maximum value of the voltage applied to one of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 is 4V.
  • the voltages respectively applied to the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 successively increase in the form of an arithmetic progression.
  • the voltages respectively applied to the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 successively increase in a form determined depending on parameters of the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp, or determined as needed.
  • the voltages respectively applied to the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 may successively increase in the form of a non-arithmetic progression.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes increase, in stepwise increments, from the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on two sides, respectively, in a symmetrical fashion.
  • both voltages applied to the third sub-electrode 61 and the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is 0.
  • a maximum value of the voltage applied to one of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is 10V.
  • the voltages respectively applied to the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 successively increase in the form of an arithmetic progression.
  • the voltages respectively applied to the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 successively increase in a form determined depending on parameters of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels Sp herein, or determined as needed.
  • the voltages respectively applied to the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 may successively increase in the form of a non-arithmetic progression.
  • first sub-electrode 41 the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43, the third sub-electrode 61, and the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63.
  • materials suitable for making the first sub-electrode 41, the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43, the third sub-electrode 61, and the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 comprise indium tin oxide (ITO), silver, copper, and aluminum.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • first insulating layer 42 and the second insulating layer 62 may be used for making the first insulating layer 42 and the second insulating layer 62.
  • materials suitable for making the first insulating layer 42 and the second insulating layer 62 comprise polyimide, acrylic, epoxide resin, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyvinyl sulfonate, polyformaldehyde, polyarylester, and hexamethyldisilo xane.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • the display panel has a first aperture 611 extending through the third sub-electrode 61 in each of the plurality of subpixels Sp.
  • an orthographic projection of the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on the third sub-electrode 61 covers the first aperture 611.
  • One of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 directly adjacent to the central most sub-electrode 631 and portions of the third sub-electrode 61 at the edge of the first aperture 611 forms a fringe electric field enhancing the degree of spinning and thus a deflection level of each of respective liquid crystal molecules, and ensuring that the shape of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the shape of the second liquid crystal lens 70 cooperatively paired with each other.
  • a curved surface of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is a substantially spherical surface
  • a curved surface of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is a substantially spherical surface, providing maximum light utilization rate for the display panel.
  • the first aperture 611 leads to a greater thickness D1 of the second liquid crystal lens 70, increasing the utilization rate of liquid crystal and the light utilization rate.
  • the display panel does not comprise an aperture extending through the third sub-electrode 61.
  • the first aperture 611 may have various appropriate sizes.
  • a ratio of a width of the first aperture 611 to a width of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes is in a range of 1:10 to 4:5, e.g., 1:10 to 2:10, 1:5 to 2:5, 2:5 to 3:5, 3:5 to 4:5.
  • the ratio of the width of the first aperture 611 to the width of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes is 2:3.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp comprises a black matrix 81 defining a plurality of second apertures 812 which are spaced apart from one another by the black matrix 81.
  • the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp further comprises a color filter 82 interposed between the second base substrate 20 and the plurality of second electrode groups 60.
  • the color filter 82 comprises a plurality of color filter blocks 821 respectively formed in and filling up the plurality of second apertures 812.
  • An orthographic projection of the second liquid crystal lens 70 in each of the plurality of subpixels Sp on the second base substrate 20 covers orthographic projections of N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks 821, N is an even integer.
  • a part 811 of the black matrix 81 is at a central position with respect to the N numbers of color filter blocks 821 of the plurality of color filter blocks 821.
  • an orthographic projection of the part 811 of the black matrix 81 on the second base substrate 20 covers an orthographic projection of the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on the second base substrate 20. Incident light will be uniformly transmitted through the color filter 82.
  • the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp can display color images with good image display quality.
  • the orthographic projection of the second liquid crystal lens 700 in each of the plurality of subpixels Sp on the second base substrate 20 covers the orthographic projections of the N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks 821 having the same color.
  • the value N of the N numbers of color filter blocks 821 of the plurality of color filter blocks 821 is determined as needed, as long as N is an even integer.
  • M parts of the black matrix 81 are respectively between any two adjacent color filter blocks of N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks 821, M is an odd integer.
  • a part of the black matrix 81 at a central position with respect to N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks 821, or with respect to M parts of the black matrix 81, is the part 811 of the black matrix 81.
  • Various appropriate light shielding materials may be used for making the black matrix 81.
  • Various appropriate materials may be used for making the color filter 82.
  • Examples of materials suitable for making the color filter 82 comprise quantum dots.
  • the use of quantum dots improves the light transmission rate of the color filter 82.
  • the display panel is absent of any polarizer on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 30, and the color filter is made of quantum dots, the light transmission rate of a display panel herein can reach 30%.
  • Various appropriate materials may be used for making quantum dots.
  • Examples of materials suitable for making quantum dots comprise silicon quantum dots, germanium quantum dots, cadmium sulfide quantum dots, cadmium selenide quantum dots, cadmium telluride quantum dots, zinc selenide quantum dots, lead sulfide quantum dots, lead selenide quantum dots, indium phosphide quantum dots, and arsenic Indium quantum dots.
  • all incident light emitted from backlight are required to be converged by the plurality of first liquid crystal lenses 50 and, subsequently, be respectively transmitted to the plurality of second liquid crystal lenses 70.
  • certain control methods can be implemented to prevent portion of the incident light from transmitting through area outside the plurality of first liquid crystal lenses 50.
  • the backlight may be designed such that incident light is merely emitted from portions of the backlight corresponding to the plurality of first liquid crystal lenses 50, so that substantially all of the incident light transmits through the plurality of first liquid crystal lenses 50.
  • the backlight may be designed such that incident light is merely emitted from portions of the backlight at a position corresponding to the plurality of first electrode groups 40, so that all the incident light transmits through the plurality of first electrode groups 40.
  • a plurality of reflecting plates are disposed on a side of the first substrate 10 distal to the liquid crystal layer 30. The plurality of reflecting plates are disposed on areas outside the plurality of first liquid crystal lenses 50.
  • the plurality of reflecting plates are disposed on areas outside the plurality of first electrode groups 40.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp further comprises a light collimator 90 on the side of the first base substrate 10 distal to the liquid crystal layer 30, and configure to collimate incident light into substantially collimated light.
  • the light collimator 90 is on the side of the first base substrate 10 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and configure to collimate incident light into substantially collimated light.
  • the orthographic projection of the part 811 of the black matrix 81 at the central position with respect to the N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks 821 on the first base substrate 10 covers an orthographic projection of the light collimator 90 on the first base substrate 10.
  • the incident light is collimated onto the display panel.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • a dark state display mode can be perform by the display panel having the plurality of subpixels Sp based on that the orthographic projection of the part 811 of the black matrix 81 at the central position with respect to the N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks 821 on the first base substrate 10 covers an orthographic projection of the light collimator 90 on the first base substrate 10.
  • incidental light is emitted thought the light collimator 90 and thereby is transmitted through the display panel having the plurality of the subpixels Sp.
  • the incident light is collimated into substantially collimated light after emitting through the light collimator 90.
  • the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens are not induced.
  • the collimated light is emitted onto the part 811 of the black matrix 81, and the collimated light is absorbed by the part 811 of the black matrix 81 forming the dark state display mode.
  • a width of the light collimator 90 satisfies the requirement that the orthographic projection of the part 811 of the black matrix 81 at the central position with respect to the N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks 821 on the first base substrate 10 covers an orthographic projection of the light collimator 90 on the first base substrate 10.
  • the width of the light collimator 90 is equivalent to a width of the plurality of first electrode groups 40.
  • the present disclosure also provides a display apparatus, comprising the display panel mentioned above, and one or more integrated driving circuits
  • a cellphone comprises the display panel mentioned above, one or more integrated driving circuits, a touch-control panel, a case, a CPU, a camera, a fingerprint reader, a voice processor and etc.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method of driving a display panel having a plurality of subpixels.
  • the display panel comprises a first base substrate; a second base substrate facing the first base substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between the first base substrate and the second base substrate.
  • the method of driving a display panel having a plurality of subpixels comprises generating a first fringe electric field to form a first liquid crystal lens in each of the plurality of subpixels in the liquid crystal layer by applying a first voltage level to a plurality of first electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels and on a side of the first base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; and generating a second fringe electric filed to form a second liquid crystal lens in each of the plurality of subpixels in the liquid crystal layer by applying a second voltage level to a plurality of second electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels and on a side of the second base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer.
  • focal points of the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens are maintained coincided during adjusting the grayscale by method of driving a display panel having a plurality of subpixels as above.
  • the method of driving a display panel having a plurality of subpixels comprises adjusting a grayscale of one of the plurality of subpixels by changing one or a combination of the first voltage level and the second voltage level, thereby changing one or a combination of a first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and a second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels.
  • adjusting the grayscale comprises increasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels by increasing one or a combination of the first voltage level and the second voltage level, thereby increasing one or a combination of a first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and a second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels.
  • adjusting the grayscale comprises decreasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels by decreasing one or a combination of the first voltage level and the second voltage level, thereby decreasing one or a combination of a first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and a second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels.
  • each of the plurality of first electrode groups in a respective one of the plurality of subpixels comprises a first sub-electrode on a side of the first base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; a first insulating layer on a side of the first sub-electrode distal to the first base substrate, and covering the first sub-electrode; and a plurality of second sub-electrodes on a side of the first insulating layer distal to the first sub-electrode.
  • Each of the plurality of second electrode groups in the respective one of the plurality of subpixels comprises a third sub-electrode on a side of the second base substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; a second insulating layer on a side of the third sub-electrode distal to the second base substrate, and covering the third sub-electrode; and a plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on a side of the second insulating layer distal to the third sub-electrode.
  • an orthographic projection of the first sub-electrode on the first base substrate substantially covers orthographic projections of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on the first base substrate.
  • an orthographic projection of the third sub-electrode on the second base substrate substantially covers orthographic projections of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on the second base substrate.
  • a voltage level at the first sub-electrode is maintained substantially same as a voltage level at a central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes.
  • a voltage level at the third sub-electrode is maintained substantially same as a voltage level at a central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes increase, in stepwise increments, from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes increase, in stepwise increments, from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • the plurality of second sub-electrodes comprises a central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes disposed in the central of the plurality of second sub-electrodes.
  • the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes comprises a central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes disposed in the central of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes.
  • the display panel further comprises a black matrix defining a plurality of second apertures; and a color filter between the second base substrate and the plurality of second electrode groups, and comprising a plurality of color filter blocks respectively in the plurality of second apertures.
  • an orthographic projection of the second liquid crystal lens in each of the plurality of subpixels on the second base substrate covers orthographic projections of N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks, N is an even integer.
  • an orthographic projection of a part of the black matrix at a central position with respect to the N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks on the second base substrate covers an orthographic projection of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on the second base substrate.
  • the term "substantially the same” refers to a difference between two values not exceeding 10%, e.g., not exceeding 8%, not exceeding 6%, not exceeding 4%, not exceeding 2%, not exceeding 1%, not exceeding 0.5%, not exceeding 0.1%, not exceeding 0.05%, and not exceeding 0.01%.
  • the first voltage level is applied to the plurality of first electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels
  • the second voltage level is applied to the plurality of second electrode groups respectively in the plurality of subpixels.
  • a voltage level of the first sub-electrode is equivalent to a voltage level of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes.
  • a voltage level of the third sub-electrode is equivalent to a voltage level of the central most sub-electrode central most sub-electrode.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes increase, in stepwise increments, from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes increase, in stepwise increments, from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • increasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels comprise increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • increasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels comprise increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • a first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and a second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels are increased.
  • decreasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels comprises decreasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • decreasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels comprises decreasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • one or a combination of a first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and a second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels are decreased.
  • a grayscale of one of the plurality of subpixels is adjusted by changing one or a combination of the first voltage level and the second voltage level, thereby changing one or a combination of a first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and a second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels.
  • voltage levels of each of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes are 8V, 4V, 0, 4V, 8V from one outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes through the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the other one outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes.
  • the value of the increments of voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides is 4V.
  • voltage levels of each of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes are 10V, 5V, 0, 5V, 10V from one outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes through the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the other one outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes.
  • the value of the increase of voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides is 5V.
  • the increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides leads to the increasing of the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels.
  • voltage levels of each of the plurality of second sub-electrodes are 8V, 4V, 0, 4V, 8V from one outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes through the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the other one outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes.
  • the value of the increments of voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides is 4V.
  • voltage levels of each of the plurality of second sub-electrodes are 10V, 5V, 0, 5V, 10V from one outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes through the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the other one outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes.
  • the value of the increments of voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides is 5V.
  • the increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on two sides leads to the increasing of the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels.
  • the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes are the same. As such, the difference between the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes and the voltage level of the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes is avoided.
  • the change of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and the change of the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens are easily controlled.
  • the light utilization rate is increased and the uniformity of light dispersion is also increased.
  • a bright state display mode is L255 mode
  • a dark state display mode is L0 mode
  • a grayscale display mode is a mode between the bright state display mode L255 and the dark state display mode L0.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 10 , in some embodiments, the display mode of a display panel is at the bright state display mode L255, a diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and a diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 reach maximum values.
  • An orthographic projection of the first liquid crystal lens 50 on the first substrate 10 respectively coincides with an orthographic projection of a plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on the first substrate 10.
  • An orthographic projection of the second liquid crystal lens 70 on the second base substrate 20 respectively coincides with an orthographic projection of a plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63.
  • a first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and a second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens 70 in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels reach maximum value.
  • the incident light emitted from the backlight transmits sequentially through a light collimator 90 forming a collimated incident light, to one of the plurality of first electrode groups 40 in one of the plurality of subpixels, to a respective first liquid crystal lens 50, converged to a respective second liquid crystal lens 70, to a respective one of plurality of second electrode groups 60 int eh same one of the plurality of subpixels, and then dispersed to a respective color filter 82, and the bright state display mode is performed.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • the display mode of a display panel is at the bright state display mode L255.
  • a thickness of a case of the display panel is 30 ⁇ m.
  • an initial deflection angle of liquid crystal molecules with respect to the first base substrate 10 and the second base substrate 20 is 90°.
  • the included angle of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the first base substrate 10 and the second base substrate 20 is 2°.
  • a width L3 of the light collimator 90 is in a range of approximately 7 ⁇ m to approximately 10 ⁇ m, e.g., approximately 7 ⁇ m to approximately 8 ⁇ m, approximately 8 ⁇ m to approximately 9 ⁇ m, approximately 9 ⁇ m to approximately 10 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is approximately 10 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is approximately 30 ⁇ m.
  • a width L4 of a part 811 of the black matrix 81 is in a range of approximately 11 ⁇ m to approximately 14 ⁇ m, e.g.
  • a focal length f1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is approximately 7.4 ⁇ m, and a thickness D2 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is approximately 5.6 ⁇ m.
  • a focal length f2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is approximately 22.3 ⁇ m, and a thickness D1 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is 16.8 ⁇ m.
  • a distance D3 between a side of the first liquid crystal lens 50 facing the second liquid crystal lens 70 and a side of the second liquid crystal lens 70 facing the first liquid crystal lens 50 is 7.6 ⁇ m.
  • the display mode is the grayscale display mode between the bright state display mode L255 and the dark state display mode L0.
  • One or a combination of the first voltage level and the second voltage level are changed, thereby one or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels are changed, thereby the grayscale of one of the plurality of subpixels is adjusted.
  • each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides is increased, or each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides is increased, thereby one or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels are increased, therefore the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels is increased.
  • a focal point of the first liquid crystal lens coincides with a focal point of the second liquid crystal lens, ensuring that all of the incident light is converged and transmitted by the first liquid crystal lens to the second liquid crystal lens.
  • the light utilization rate is increased and coloring mixing can be avoided.
  • each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides is decreased, or each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes from the central most sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides is decreases, thereby one or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels are decreased, therefore the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels is decreased.
  • the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens coincides with the focal point of the second liquid crystal lens, ensuring that all of the incident light is converged and transmitted by the first liquid crystal lens to the second liquid crystal lens.
  • the light utilization rate is increased and coloring mixing can be avoided.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • one or a combination of the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels are adjusted, and one or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens 70 in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels are also adjusted, therefore, the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels is adjusted.
  • the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the focal point of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are unchanged.
  • decreasing the grayscale of one of the plurality of subpixels comprises decreasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 from the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • decreasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels comprises decreasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 from the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • one or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are decreased, and one or a combination of the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 become shorter.
  • the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the focal point of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are unchanged.
  • the respective voltages are sequentially not applied on the respective most marginal ones of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63.
  • a total number of fourth sub-electrodes in each of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is 5.
  • decreasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels comprises gradually discontinuing application of voltages to fourth sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 along a direction from the outermost fourth sub-electrodes to the central most sub-electrode 631, e.g., one sub-electrode by one sub-electrode.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 13 , a total five fourth sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is numbered from 1 to 5.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 can be independently controlled by one of the plurality of first electrode groups 40 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp
  • the second liquid crystal lens 70 can be independently controlled by one of the plurality of second electrode groups 60 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp.
  • the plurality of first electrode groups 40 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp and the plurality of second electrode groups 60 respectively in the plurality of subpixels Sp can be independently adjusted depending on the grayscale of the plurality of subpixels Sp.
  • the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is adjusted, but the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is kept the same.
  • the number of the second sub-electrodes, on which application of voltages are discontinued, of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 can be determined as needed.
  • the number of the second sub-electrodes, on which application of voltages are discontinued, of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 can be determined as needed.
  • the application of voltages is sequentially discontinued on the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 in a symmetrical fashion.
  • the application of voltages is sequentially discontinued on the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 in a symmetrical fashion.
  • grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels When the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels is continuously decreased, application of voltages on the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 at position A, position B, position D, and position E is then discontinued.
  • the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels is adjusted, the light utilization rate in different grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels is increased, and the display quality of the display panel having the plurality of subpixels is improved.
  • increasing the grayscale of one of the plurality of subpixels comprises increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 from the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • increasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels comprises increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 from the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • one or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are increased, and one or a combination of the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 become greater.
  • the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the focal point of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are unchanged.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are unchanged.
  • One or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens 70 in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels are adjusted.
  • the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 moves along the main optical axis 51 of the first liquid crystal lens 50.
  • the focal point of the second liquid crystal lens 70 moves along the main optical axis 71 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 .
  • the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 still remains to coincide with the focal point of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the focal length of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is fl'
  • the focal length of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is f2'.
  • One or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens 70 in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels are adjusted by respectively adjusting one or a combination of voltage levels of one of the plurality of first electrode groups 40 in the same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels and the voltage levels of one of the plurality of second electrode groups 60 in the same subpixel of the plurality of subpixels.
  • each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 are decreased from the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on two sides, respectively.
  • each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is decreased from the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on two sides, respectively. Subsequently, one or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are decreased.
  • each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 are symmetrically decreased from the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 on two sides, respectively.
  • each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is symmetrically increased from the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 to the outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 on two sides, respectively.
  • the first liquid crystal lens 50 is symmetrical.
  • the second liquid crystal lens 70 is symmetrical.
  • a voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 1 (at position labeled 'A') of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is 10V.
  • a voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 2 (at position labeled 'B')of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is 5V.
  • a voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 3 (at position labeled 'C')of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is 0.
  • a voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 4 (at position labeled 'D') of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is 5V.
  • a voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 5 (at position labeled 'E') of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is 10V.
  • the voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 1 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is decreased to 7 V
  • the voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 2 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is decreased to 4V
  • the voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 3 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is 0, the voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 4 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is decreased to 4V
  • the voltage level of the fourth sub-electrode 5 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 is decreased to 7V.
  • increasing the grayscale of one of the plurality of subpixels comprises increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 from the central most sub-electrode 431 of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 43 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of second sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • increasing the grayscale of the one of the plurality of subpixels comprises increasing each increment of the stepwise increments of the voltage levels respectively at the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 from the central most sub-electrode 631 of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes 63 to outermost sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes on two sides, respectively.
  • one or a combination of the first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are increased, but one or a combination of the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70 are unchanged.
  • the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 still remains to coincide with the focal point of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • the focal point of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is a virtual focal point.
  • the virtual focal point is to be formed a side of the first liquid crystal lens 50 distal to the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the focal length of the first liquid crystal lens 50 is f1"
  • the focal length of the second liquid crystal lens 70 is f2".
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel having a plurality of subpixels in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
  • the orthographic projection of the part 811 of the black matrix 81 at the central position with respect to the N numbers of color filter blocks of the plurality of color filter blocks 821 on the second base substrate 20 covers an orthographic projection of the second liquid crystal lens 70 on the second base substrate 20 by changing one or a combination of the first voltage level and the second voltage level, thereby changing one or a combination of the diameter L1 of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the diameter L2 of the second liquid crystal lens 70.
  • the dark state of the display panel is performed.
  • no voltage is applied on both the plurality of first electrode groups 40 respectively in the plurality of subpixels and the plurality of second electrode groups 60 respectively in the plurality of subpixels, the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second liquid crystal lens 70 are not induced, therefore, the dark state of the display panel is performed.
  • one or a combination of the first voltage level and the second voltage level are decreased lens in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixel, one or a combination of a first curvature of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and a second curvature of the second liquid crystal lens 70 in a same subpixel of the plurality of subpixel are decreased such that the both of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second liquid crystal lens 70 gradually become flatten until the both of the first liquid crystal lens 50 and the second liquid crystal lens 70 disappear. Therefore, the dark state of the display panel is performed.

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EP18855168.3A 2018-03-12 2018-10-19 Display panel, display apparatus, and method of driving display panel Active EP3765894B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CN201810201792.7A CN108415190B (zh) 2018-03-12 2018-03-12 显示面板及其灰阶调控方法和显示装置
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US10684529B2 (en) 2020-06-16
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WO2019174231A1 (en) 2019-09-19
CN108415190A (zh) 2018-08-17
US20190278152A1 (en) 2019-09-12

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