EP3765669B1 - Entoilage pour une machine de fabrication d'une bande de matière fibreuse - Google Patents

Entoilage pour une machine de fabrication d'une bande de matière fibreuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3765669B1
EP3765669B1 EP19710395.5A EP19710395A EP3765669B1 EP 3765669 B1 EP3765669 B1 EP 3765669B1 EP 19710395 A EP19710395 A EP 19710395A EP 3765669 B1 EP3765669 B1 EP 3765669B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
threads
seam
fabrics according
flat
covering
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EP19710395.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3765669C0 (fr
EP3765669A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Eberhardt
Susanne Klaschka
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08—Felts
    • D21F7/083—Multi-layer felts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08—Felts
    • D21F7/10—Seams thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
    • D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
    • D21F1/0054—Seams thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a covering, in particular seam felt for a machine for producing a fibrous web according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Clothing used in paper machines usually consists of endless belt loops. These belt loops are continuously guided in a circle over a large number of support and guide elements during machine operation and are always under tension. They are also subjected to stresses from presses, suction elements and the like.
  • the EP0 425 523 the use of flat-woven panels. These are provided in twice the length of the required covering. By folding the long ends and placing them on top of each other, a two-layer laminate structure is created. By removing CD threads at the folds, seam loops are created. By interlocking the seam loops of both front ends and inserting a plug-in element, this basic structure can be made endless. In contrast to the round-woven structures, the warp threads of the fabric are the MD threads of the covering. In this way, seam coverings can be very efficiently.
  • a flat fabric can be produced in advance and stored as a roll if the dimensions of the finished covering are not yet known. To produce the covering, only the required length must be unwound from the roll and, if necessary, shortened to the width of the covering.
  • these are in the area of the seam.
  • the properties at the seam differ from those of the rest of the covering. For example, the permeability to water and air is often higher here than in the rest of the covering. This can lead to a loss of quality due to markings in the paper.
  • MD threads are threads that are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the basic structure or the covering, or deviate from this by a maximum of 10°. (MD - machine direction)
  • CD threads are threads that are oriented in the cross direction of the basic structure or the covering, or deviate from this by a maximum of 10° (CD-cross direction).
  • the diameter of the thread is understood to be the diameter of the circle that has the same area as the cross-section of the thread, or as the sum of the cross-sections of the individual monofilaments.
  • the largest circle that can be completely inserted into the seam loop is determined.
  • the diameter of this circle is then considered to be the diameter of the seam loop.
  • a covering in particular a seam felt for a machine for producing a fibrous web, in particular a paper, cardboard, tissue or cellulose web, is proposed.
  • the covering comprises a base structure which comprises or consists of a two-layer laminate structure made of one or more flat-woven elements.
  • the laminate structure has MD threads that form seam loops at the two front ends of the basic structure and through which the two layers of the laminate structure are connected to each other.
  • the covering is made endless by connecting its front ends with a seam. This seam is made by the Interlocking of the seam loops of both front ends and the insertion of a plug-in element.
  • the diameter of the seam loops (LD loop diameter) and the diameter of the associated MD threads (MDYD-MD yarn diameter) have a ratio LD/MDYD between 2.5 and 4, in particular between 2.7 and 3.6.
  • closing the seam is very easy.
  • the seam of a seam covering is usually closed in the paper machine itself by pulling in a pintle or pintle wire. This pulling in is done manually and can be a lengthy process, especially on wide machines.
  • the fact that the loop diameter is not too small in relation to the MD thread diameter makes pulling in the pintle wire easier. In addition to this ergonomic advantage, the time required to pull in a new covering is reduced, which offers economic advantages for the operator of the system.
  • the diameter or the LD/MDYD ratio must not be too large. Loops that are too large can lead to mechanical markings in the paper, as the bends of the loop, for example when passing through a press nip, are imprinted on the paper. On the other hand, large loops also mean that the seam area itself becomes comparatively large. Since this seam area is structurally different from the rest of the fabric and in particular has a different permeability for water and/or air, there is a risk of hydraulic markings in the paper in the seam area due to different drainage. For this reason, it is desirable to keep the seam area as small as possible.
  • the LD/MDYD range according to the invention between 2.5 and 4, in particular between 2.7 and 3.6, has proven to be the optimal compromise here.
  • the characterising value to be used is not the absolute loop diameter (in mm), but the relative value LD/MDYD.
  • the basic structure comprises further components in addition to the two-layer laminate structure.
  • another fabric layer and/or a scrim layer and/or a fleece layer can be provided.
  • the additional components can be arranged on the outside of the two-layer laminate structure.
  • an additional component can also be arranged between the two layers of the two-layer laminate structure.
  • the two layers of the two-layer laminate structure can be made from a single flat-woven element.
  • This flat fabric is - at least approximately - twice the length of the subsequent covering.
  • By folding and laying the two ends of the flat fabric on the middle part of the flat fabric a double-layer structure is created, with the seam loops forming at the folds.
  • the long ends of the flat-woven element can be arranged in a so-called "join" area, butt-joined, overlapping or spaced apart.
  • the overlap or the spacing is advantageously less than 5 cm, in particular less than 2 cm.
  • the two layers can be made up of several flat-woven elements. All flat-woven elements can have the same length. However, it can also be provided that these flat-woven elements have different lengths. In these designs, too, the seam loops are formed by folding over one or two flat-woven elements. In this way, Here too, the two layers of the laminate structure are connected to each other by the seam loops.
  • the elements can differ in one or more features.
  • the features can be the weave pattern, the material, the diameter or structure of the MD or CD threads or other characteristics of the fabric that are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • One or all of the flat-woven elements can be made as plain weave, for example. This type of fabric is very simple and quick to produce, which is economically advantageous.
  • one or all of the flat-woven elements have floats that extend over two or more threads. This can reduce the strength of the moiré effect. Nevertheless, the advantage of easy creation of the seam loops is retained.
  • plug-in elements known from the state of the art can be used as plug-in elements.
  • plug-in wires made of one or more filaments can be used.
  • the two layers of the two-layer laminate structure can advantageously be joined together by sewing or other suitable techniques.
  • such connections can be provided near the seam loops and/or near the join areas.
  • each of the flat-woven elements has a first and a second longitudinal end
  • the two-layer laminate structure has at least one joint at which two longitudinal ends are connected to one another.
  • at least one of the join regions is designed as a joint.
  • the joined longitudinal ends can belong to the same flat-woven element or to different flat-woven elements, as described above.
  • connection at the joint(s) can be made using a variety of known methods.
  • the connection at at least one joint can be made using an adhesive connection and/or a welded connection.
  • welded joints using ultrasound or a laser are possible.
  • Welding using an NIR laser in the transmission welding process is particularly advantageous.
  • Laser transmission welding is particularly advantageous because the usual polyamide yarns of the fabric are transparent to laser light in a wide frequency range and can be welded very easily using absorbent, e.g. black, connecting threads.
  • Such woven seams are used, for example, to make woven forming fabrics endless. Although woven seams are often more complex to produce than adhesive or welded joints, such a joint can have a very high level of strength.
  • Connecting the long ends with a joint offers a number of advantages. Firstly, the tensile strength of the two-layer laminate structure is increased.
  • the joint also serves to better fix the loose ends of the MD threads at the long ends. Without such a fixation, In some applications, these ends can come loose during operation of the covering and be transported through any fleece layers etc. to the surface of the covering. There, these loose ends can cause damage and markings in the produced fibrous web. By fixing the loose ends through the joint, working out these ends can be completely or largely avoided.
  • the extent of the at least one joint in the machine direction (MD) is less than 15 mm, less than 10 mm, in particular less than 5 mm. Since there is also a risk of different drainage conditions at the join or joint points compared to the rest of the covering, a small extent of these areas is advantageous for reducing the tendency to mark.
  • this embodiment of the invention takes a different approach. It is accepted that in the joining area the properties of the basic structure or the covering may differ from the rest of the covering. Instead, the aim is to keep this different area in the MD direction as small as possible. Particularly in the case of felts, where the applied fleece layers act as a type of diffuser, the different drainage in this very small area can no longer be perceived as a marking in the paper.
  • the at least one joint in particular all joints, are realized by connecting elements, in particular connecting threads, which are welded to at least one, preferably both longitudinal ends.
  • connecting threads can be used as connecting elements, which are arranged in the CD direction of the covering, whereby for a joint a maximum of three connecting threads, in particular a maximum of two connecting threads, are provided.
  • one or more of the connecting threads are interwoven with MD threads of at least one longitudinal end.
  • Laser transmission welding is very suitable for this, for example, because the usual polyamide yarns of the fabric are transparent to laser light in a wide frequency range - especially between 800 nm and 1000 nm - and can be welded very easily using absorbent, e.g. black connecting threads.
  • the transparent joining partner essentially only heats up on the surface during this joining process.
  • the structure of this transparent joining partner is largely retained. This is advantageous, for example, if the transparent joining partner is an MD thread which is subject to tensile stress in the finished covering. This is not significantly weakened by laser transmission welding.
  • Such a joint also has sufficient strength to withstand processing steps in the further course of production, in particular needling.
  • joints welded using ultrasound are often very brittle and fragile and are at least partially destroyed by needling. Due to the destruction of the joint, individual thread ends or parts of thread can come loose and protrude from the covering, which can create markings or damage the fiber web.
  • fasteners instead of threads, other types of fasteners can be used, such as woven or non-woven ribbons, strips of
  • connecting elements have only a small expansion in the MD direction, in particular less than 5 mm, less than 2 mm or even better less than 1 mm.
  • the MD threads which are used in particular for forming the seam loops are designed as monofilaments, in particular as monofilaments with a round cross-section.
  • the diameter of the MD threads is between 0.15mm and 0.7mm, in particular between 0.3mm and 0.5mm.
  • the number of seam loops per unit length is first determined.
  • the seam loop density of a covering can change during its manufacturing process. For example, thermal processing steps can cause the covering to shrink in the transverse direction. Therefore, the seam loop density is usually lower before the first thermal processing step, usually between 55% and 80%, while it is then higher in the finished covering.
  • the seam loop density values given in this application refer to the finished covering, unless otherwise stated.
  • the loop density of the seam can be between 64% and 90%, in particular between 72% and 86%, especially between 78% and 82%. Values of 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84% and 85% have proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • the permeability of the seam tends to be higher than in the rest of the covering, the permeability of the seam can be reduced by a comparatively high seam loop density.
  • an increase in the loop density beyond 90% can lead to the easy seamability of the covering mentioned at the beginning being partially lost, as it becomes more difficult to get the seam loops to interlock.
  • the seam loop density range given here is also, in a sense, an optimal range for two opposing requirements.
  • the weft threads of flat weaves correspond to the MD threads of the covering, a higher MD thread density and thus also a higher loop density can be achieved when using flat weaves.
  • loop densities of more than 64%, in particular more than 72% or 78%, described in this application can either not be achieved at all with circular fabrics, or by means of extreme weaving conditions such as a greatly increased warp tension, which lead to a greatly accelerated wear of the loom.
  • this embodiment of the invention it is possible to produce a covering with a seam that has a low permeability due to the high loop density, but is nevertheless easy to close due to the optimal LD/MDYD ratio.
  • Other known methods for reducing seam permeability such as inserting a flow-restricting element ("scrim") in the seam area, make closing the seam more difficult.
  • scrim flow-restricting element
  • the seam area of the covering - after closing the seam by means of the plug-in element - can have a permeability which corresponds to between 80% and 130%, in particular between 90% and 120% of the permeability of the covering in an area remote from the seam.
  • the covering has one or more layers of nonwoven fibers at least on its upper side that touches the paper.
  • the covering can be a press felt.
  • one or more layers of nonwoven fibers can also be provided on the underside of the covering that touches the rollers.
  • some of the fleece fibers have a fiber fineness of 67 dtex or more.
  • these relatively coarse fibers can be arranged in direct proximity to the basic structure. They are often applied as a coarse fleece layer and needled to the basic structure.
  • Nonwoven fibers with a fineness of 44 dtex and less can also be used.
  • these comparatively fine fibers can be arranged on the upper side of the covering that touches the paper.
  • These fine fibers may be arranged on a nonwoven layer containing the above-mentioned coarse fibres of 67 dtex or more and needled to them.
  • the fleece fibers can comprise or consist of an elastomer, in particular a polyurethane.
  • an elastomer in particular a polyurethane.
  • the covering can expand better again after passing through the press nip.
  • the drainage properties of the covering remain at a high level for longer, which offers economic advantages for the operator.
  • Fleece fibers made of elastomer are particularly advantageous in the area of the seam and in the join area(s). Their use is also advantageous here because the elastic effect further reduces the tendency for these areas to mark.
  • At least one strip-shaped, flow-hindering element is provided, which is designed such that the permeability for air and/or water in the region of the seam is essentially the same as in the rest of the covering.
  • This flow-restricting element can be implemented in various ways. For example, it can be formed as a band of woven or non-woven material. Alternatively, it can be a membrane, a film or a polymer foam. The element can also be implemented in the form of a hardened liquid resin. The person skilled in the art will be able to come up with other suitable implementations without any problem.
  • Figure 1a shows a single flat-woven element 2 with a first longitudinal end 21 and a second longitudinal end 22 in plan view.
  • the points 31 and 32 are the selected folding points 31, 32 from which the seam loops 41, 42 are formed.
  • Figure 1b shows the flat-woven element 2 again in a side view.
  • One or more CD threads can be removed at the folding points 31, 32.
  • the flat-woven element 2 is folded at fold points 31, 32 and the folded parts are placed back on the flat-woven element 2.
  • the longitudinal ends 21, 22 can overlap, touch or, as in Figure 1c shown, have a small distance from each other.
  • the join 20 can be designed as a joint 200 at which two longitudinal ends 21, 22 are connected to each other.
  • An advantageous joining method is welding, in particular ultrasonic and laser transmission welding.
  • the two layers of the two-layer laminate structure 1 can be connected to each other at fixing points 110, in particular sewn.
  • Figure 2a shows a two-layer laminate structure 1 comprising two flat-woven elements 2, 2a.
  • the seam loops 41, 42 are formed here by the MD threads 10 of the first flat-woven element 2.
  • the second flat-woven element 2a is arranged such that its first longitudinal end 21a forms a join region with the second longitudinal end 22 of the first flat-woven element 2, while its second longitudinal end 22a forms a join region with the first longitudinal end 21 of the first flat-woven element 2.
  • These join regions 20 can again be designed as joints 200.
  • the second flat-woven element 2a can be connected, in particular sewn, to the first flat-woven element 2 at fixing points 110.
  • Figure 2b shows another embodiment of a two-layer laminate structure 1 comprising two flat-woven elements 2, 2a. It differs from the one shown in Figure 2a shown structure in that a seam loop 41 is formed by MD threads 10 of the first flat-woven element 2, while the second seam loop 42 is formed by MD threads 10 of the second flat-woven element 2a.
  • the two flat-woven elements 2, 2a can be the same, in particular the same length. Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that they differ in one or more features, in particular in length.
  • the Figure 2c shows a further embodiment of a two-layer laminate structure 1, which comprises three flat-woven elements 2, 2a, 2b.
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a covering according to one aspect of the invention.
  • Fleece layers 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d are attached on the two-layer laminate structure 1 made of Figure 1c. These are usually attached by needling. The needling also further connects the two layers of the two-layer laminate structure 1 to one another.
  • FIG 4 shows a seam loop 42, formed from an MD thread 10.
  • the MD thread 10 is designed here as a round monofilament.
  • a fleece layer 15 is provided on the upper side of the covering.
  • a circle is inscribed in the seam loop 42. This is the largest circle that can be can be inserted completely into the seam loop 42. The determination of such circles and their diameters is a common geometric exercise. In commercially available microscopes, such a measurement is also included in the range of functions of the operating software.
  • the seam loops are also vertical or largely vertical, so that the problem of possible distortion does not arise.
  • the diameter of the circle is in the case of Figure 4 1200 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter of the MD thread is 340 ⁇ m.
  • a covering with such seam loops therefore meets the feature of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • FIG 5 An example of a section of a joint 200 is shown, which is produced by means of laser transmission welding.
  • the transparent joining partners 100, 105 are connected to one another here by means of a connecting element 120.
  • the connecting element 120 is in Figure 5 exemplified as a black thread 120.
  • the transparent joining partners 100, 105 can be, for example, MD threads 10 of longitudinal ends 21, 22 of one or two flat-woven elements 2, 2a, 2b. It can be seen that the connecting element 120 was noticeably deformed by the welding process.
  • the transparent joining partners 100, 105 are, however, structurally largely undamaged. Due to this property, connections made by means of laser transmission welding can also be distinguished from other welded connections.

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Claims (14)

  1. Entoilage, notamment feutre de couture, pour une machine pour la fabrication d'une bande de matière fibreuse, notamment d'une bande de papier, de carton, de papier mince ou de cellulose, comprenant une structure de base qui comprend ou est constituée d'une structure stratifiée à deux couches (1) composée d'un ou plusieurs éléments tissés à plat (2, 2a, 2b), la structure stratifiée (1) présentant des fils MD (10) qui forment des boucles de couture (41, 42) aux deux extrémités frontales de la structure de base et les deux couches de la structure stratifiée (1) étant reliées entre elles par le biais des boucles de couture (41, 42), et l'entoilage étant rendu sans fin par liaison de ses extrémités frontales au moyen d'une couture, et cette couture étant réalisée par l'engrènement des boucles de couture (41, 42) des deux extrémités frontales et l'introduction d'un élément d'enfichage, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre (LD) des boucles de couture (41, 42) et le diamètre (MDYD) des fils MD (10) correspondants présentent un rapport LD/MDYD compris entre 2,5 et 4, notamment entre 2,7 et 3, 6.
  2. Entoilage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un, notamment tous les éléments tissés à plat (2, 2a, 2b), présentent des flottés qui s'étendent sur deux fils ou plus.
  3. Entoilage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chacun des éléments tissés à plat (2, 2a, 2b) présente une première et une deuxième extrémité longitudinale (21, 22, 21a, 22a), et la structure stratifiée à deux couches (1) présente au moins un point d'assemblage (200) où deux extrémités longitudinales (21, 22, 21a, 22a) sont reliées entre elles, ces extrémités longitudinales (21, 22, 21a, 22a) pouvant appartenir au même élément tissé à plat (2, 2a, 2b) ou à des éléments tissés à plat différents (2, 2a, 2b) .
  4. Entoilage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la liaison des deux extrémités longitudinales (21, 22, 21a, 22a) est réalisée par une liaison de soudure, notamment une liaison de soudure produite par soudage par transmission laser.
  5. Entoilage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'extension de l'au moins un point d'assemblage (200) dans le sens machine (MD) est inférieure à 15 mm, notamment inférieure à 5 mm.
  6. Entoilage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un point d'assemblage (200) est réalisé par des éléments de liaison (120), notamment des fils de liaison (120), qui sont soudés à au moins une, de préférence aux deux extrémités longitudinales (21, 22, 21a, 22a).
  7. Entoilage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que des fils de liaison (120) sont utilisés en tant qu'éléments de liaison (120), lesquels sont agencés dans le sens CD de l'entoilage, un maximum de trois fils de liaison (120), notamment un maximum de deux fils de liaison (120), étant prévu pour un point d'assemblage (200) .
  8. Entoilage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un ou plusieurs des fils de liaison (120) sont entrelacés avec des fils MD (10) d'au moins une extrémité longitudinale (21, 22, 21a, 22a).
  9. Entoilage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les fils MD (10) sont conçus sous forme de monofilaments, notamment sous forme de monofilaments à section ronde.
  10. Entoilage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre des fils MD (10) est compris entre 0,15 mm et 0,7 mm, notamment entre 0,3 mm et 0,5 mm.
  11. Entoilage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la densité de boucle de la couture est comprise entre 64 % et 90 %, notamment entre 72 % et 86 %.
  12. Entoilage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'entoilage présente, au moins sur son côté supérieur en contact avec le papier, une ou plusieurs couches (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) de fibres non tissées.
  13. Entoilage selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins certaines des fibres non tissées comprennent ou sont constituées d'un élastomère, notamment d'un polyuréthane.
  14. Entoilage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, dans la zone de la couture, au moins un élément de restriction d'écoulement en forme de bande, qui est adapté de telle sorte que la perméabilité à l'air et/ou à l'eau dans la zone de la couture est essentiellement la même que dans le reste de l'entoilage.
EP19710395.5A 2018-03-15 2019-03-11 Entoilage pour une machine de fabrication d'une bande de matière fibreuse Active EP3765669B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102018105956.6A DE102018105956A1 (de) 2018-03-15 2018-03-15 Bespannung
PCT/EP2019/055955 WO2019175076A1 (fr) 2018-03-15 2019-03-11 Entoilage pour une machine de fabrication d'une bande de matière fibreuse

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EP3765669A1 EP3765669A1 (fr) 2021-01-20
EP3765669C0 EP3765669C0 (fr) 2024-05-29
EP3765669B1 true EP3765669B1 (fr) 2024-05-29

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US (1) US11261566B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3765669B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111954735B (fr)
DE (1) DE102018105956A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019175076A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022089843A1 (fr) * 2020-10-28 2022-05-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Bande de liaison et tissu de machine à papier
WO2022089851A1 (fr) * 2020-10-28 2022-05-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Liaison de bande et tissu de machine à papier

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8814436D0 (en) 1988-06-17 1988-07-20 Scapa Group Plc Papermachine clothing
US5713396A (en) * 1990-06-06 1998-02-03 Asten, Inc. Papermakers fabric with stacked machine and cross machine direction yarns
US7892402B2 (en) * 2007-10-05 2011-02-22 Albany International Corp. Flat woven full width on-machine-seamable fabric
US8043477B2 (en) * 2008-02-25 2011-10-25 Voith Patent Gmbh Belt and method of making a belt for a paper making machine
US20170044718A1 (en) 2015-08-13 2017-02-16 Voith Patent Gmbh Fabric for a machine for producing a fiber web
JP6739176B2 (ja) * 2016-01-20 2020-08-12 イチカワ株式会社 シームループを有する抄紙用フェルト用基布およびその製造方法

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US11261566B2 (en) 2022-03-01
US20210017708A1 (en) 2021-01-21
CN111954735B (zh) 2022-12-09
EP3765669C0 (fr) 2024-05-29
DE102018105956A1 (de) 2019-09-19
EP3765669A1 (fr) 2021-01-20
WO2019175076A1 (fr) 2019-09-19

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