EP3765346A1 - Method for controlling a level crossing and railway control arrangement - Google Patents

Method for controlling a level crossing and railway control arrangement

Info

Publication number
EP3765346A1
EP3765346A1 EP19720415.9A EP19720415A EP3765346A1 EP 3765346 A1 EP3765346 A1 EP 3765346A1 EP 19720415 A EP19720415 A EP 19720415A EP 3765346 A1 EP3765346 A1 EP 3765346A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signals
period
level crossing
caused
rail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19720415.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3765346B1 (en
Inventor
Jens Braband
Matthias Goldammer
Andreas Ziroff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Mobility GmbH filed Critical Siemens Mobility GmbH
Publication of EP3765346A1 publication Critical patent/EP3765346A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3765346B1 publication Critical patent/EP3765346B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L29/00—Safety means for rail/road crossing traffic
    • B61L29/24—Means for warning road traffic that a gate is closed or closing, or that rail traffic is approaching, e.g. for visible or audible warning
    • B61L29/28—Means for warning road traffic that a gate is closed or closing, or that rail traffic is approaching, e.g. for visible or audible warning electrically operated
    • B61L29/30—Supervision, e.g. monitoring arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L29/00—Safety means for rail/road crossing traffic
    • B61L29/24—Means for warning road traffic that a gate is closed or closing, or that rail traffic is approaching, e.g. for visible or audible warning
    • B61L29/28—Means for warning road traffic that a gate is closed or closing, or that rail traffic is approaching, e.g. for visible or audible warning electrically operated
    • B61L29/32—Timing, e.g. advance warning of approaching train
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
    • B61L23/042—Track changes detection
    • B61L23/044—Broken rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a level crossing according to the preamble of claim 1 and a path control arrangement according to the preamble of claim 10. An.
  • the problem underlying the invention is therefore to provide a solution that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • This object is achieved by the method for controlling a railway crossing starting from the preamble of claim 1 by its characterizing features, as well as the rail transition control arrangement according to the preamble of claim 10 by its characterizing features.
  • the time and / or duration of a railroad crossing closure are dependent on first signals caused by at least a first rail of first rail passing the first rail and second signals from Ultrasonic wave guided via the railroad crossing second rail caused second signals.
  • both rails are monitored, so that a traversing vehicle, which with its wheels successively touches both rails also influences the at least one ultrasonic wave in the first rail and also influences the at least one ultrasonic wave in the second rail, which in each case has an impact on the quality of the first and second signals caused.
  • a traversing vehicle which with its wheels successively touches both rails also influences the at least one ultrasonic wave in the first rail and also influences the at least one ultrasonic wave in the second rail, which in each case has an impact on the quality of the first and second signals caused.
  • the level crossing control can thus respond to an ac current occupancy and control corresponding barriers and Sig nale and / or influence approaching trains.
  • the inventive method can be developed such that the signals in each case in a first period in which the railroad crossing is closed and the rails are free, and in a second period in which the railroad crossing is opened, are detected, the determination due to a first comparison of the signals generated in the first period with those recorded in the second caused signals.
  • an independent standardization is achieved because in the first period in which the rail transition is closed, the rails are not touched.
  • the qualities of the first and second signals generated during this period should be taken as qualities that correlate with a free hazard space. Compared to these qualities, different qualities of first and second signals are indicators that correlate with a occupied state.
  • This standardization according to the invention also has the advantage that it takes into account the local conditions, since the normalization takes place by monitoring the qualities on site and can also be updated repeatedly and is not permanently and unadjusted by calculated or set standard values.
  • each rail is a device for Sen and guiding the ultrasound into the rail and a device for receiving the signals caused to be operated.
  • the excitation of the rails are provided with ultrasonic waves and the detection of signals caused thereby on both rails independently.
  • the inventive method is further developed such that the means for transmitting and A direction for receiving crossing at the transition roadside are operated opposite each other. This completely covers the danger area to be examined, in particular the rails located in the area. If the method according to the invention is further developed in such a way that an active circuit of the level crossing with open barriers cyclically detects values, in particular a change in amplitude, of the signals of the second period, in the first rail and the second rail, then those relevant to the level crossing control become Signals are acquired only when needed or current data is provided, which saves energy during generation and / or capture.
  • failures of individual participating devices can also be detected up-to-the-minute, and the opening of the barrier can be prevented and / or other security processes can be triggered or processes initiated to remedy the failure.
  • the inven tion proper method can be developed such that when operating a call barrier at the railroad crossing, during the times closed barriers a cyclic detection of the signals caused the first period.
  • a constant updating of the standardization can be ensured.
  • functional failures can be identified early and processes can be initiated to remedy the situation.
  • the method is developed in such a way that for the determination and / or comparisons the amplitudes of the caused signals are detected. Amplitudes correlate very well with changes on the rails and thus are very good as monitored quality of the caused Signa le suitable.
  • Figure is a schematic representation of abutsbei game of the inventive method Maschinenmat-generating path control arrangement.
  • the figure shows an embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention for controlling a level crossing, which has the Vortei le according to the invention to provide a solution that does not require additional equipment of trains and still offers egg nen reliable self-test.
  • a level crossing B which passes a track G, which is formed from a first rail RI and a second rail R2.
  • a first barrier S1 is indicated, which prevents the crossing of the track G from one side and a second barrier S2, which prevents the crossing of the track G from the opposite side.
  • the barriers S1 ... S2 are closed at a general railroad crossing due to an approaching train, if the result of an examination of the rails R1 ... R2 conclusions on the fact that vehicles and / or other devisbetei ended both rails have passed.
  • a first measuring section MSI is installed on the first rail S1 and a second measuring section MS2 is provided on the second rail S2.
  • this is to measuring distances, which are based on the design of the Messtre bridges from the field of rail break detection.
  • monitoring with guided ultrasound waves is generally carried out.
  • an excitation unit for example a piezo-based oscillator
  • (ultra) sound modes in the rail S1... S2 typically ⁇ 100 kHz excited, propagating along the rail S1 ... S2.
  • the amplitude of the received signal is reduced or the signal is completely lost. Any influences on the rail S1 ... S2 also lead to a reduction of the signal such as attachments on the track, cross-sectional changes or objects that are in contact with the track.
  • a solid object such as the wheels of Lokomo tive also leads to a slight signal change depending on the mode.
  • This system can also be used according to the invention for the recognition He traversingmple horrauer monocyte Kunststoff- and - objects.
  • this signal change compared to the systems for Schienenbrucherken nen can still be improved, so that the detection of (motor vehicle) wheels, pedestrians or other objects ver improved, especially adapted to them can be.
  • the invention thus uses this rail break detection in the manner of an "axle counting" or detection of touches in order to use this for the level crossing control.
  • a Sen and a receiver are installed per rail R1 ... R2, respectively at the roadside, which is shown schematically by the limitation of the measuring distances MS1 ... MS2 in the figure.
  • measurements are carried out cyclically in operation and a current measurement standard is determined without influencing.
  • This normalization size may vary depending on ambient conditions, such as humidity, temperature, soiling. If the barriers S1 ... S2 are then closed, the current measurement is compared with the current normal for the hazardous area release message and warned in the event of a significant deviation.
  • the invention overcomes the difficulty of filtering out an un-influenced measurement, although road vehicles usually cross.
  • the barriers are closed by default and are geöff net only on call and after clarification of possible approaching trains. That There are no vehicles and trains are at least 1km away when opening the barriers.
  • the measuring devices MS1 ... MS ... 2 of the two rails R1 ... R2 continuously transmit and receive pulses in an alternative embodiment of the invention, so that each measuring device MS1 ... MS2 itself is a failure itself can recognize. By comparing both systems, even smaller deviations of the system can be determined.
  • the two systems monitor each other in accordance with the invention.
  • both measuring devices MS1 ... MS2 When the call barrier is then requested, both measuring devices MS1 ... MS2 must first detect "FREI” and can determine the measurement standard, and then, if an object, for example a car, crosses the level crossing, they should cause the same amount of influence on the ultrasound Recognize signals, ie, recognize "OCCUPIED" as often as possible.
  • Deviations must be tolerated or recognized, for example, when a pedestrian on one side of the track, but not on the other side. Therefore, in the case of discrepancies before the barrier S1 ... S2 is closed, visual and audible warnings should be issued and the barriers S1 ... S2 should in this case only be closed with a time delay of, for example, 1 minute.
  • both sensors MS1 ... MS2 have recognized the danger area GR as "FREE"
  • the route can be traveled by trains again Learning be trained so that this alternative control steps are conceivable.
  • the advantage is the use of conventional Senso rik.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated and be described embodiment of the invention Anord tion and the inventive method. Much more should all be encompassed by the claims defined variants, as far as they the essential to the invention core of the use of conventional sensors for the provision of a simple failure disclosure by mutual care and evaluation, including operations at level crossing B, and thus provide alternatives for various reliability and safety requirements so as to provide remote sensing technology for time-optimized securing of level crossings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling a level crossing, in particular of barriers and signals, at the time and/or during the period for which the level crossing is closed, in accordance with first signals which are caused by at least one first first ultrasonic wave conducted in a first rail running over the level crossing, and of second second signals caused by an ultrasonic wave conducted in a second rail running over the level crossing are established. The invention further relates to a level crossing controller with means for carrying out the method.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Bahnübergangs und Bahnsteue rungsanordnung Method for controlling a level crossing and Bahnsteue arrangement
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Bahnübergangs gemäß dem Gattungsbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Bahnsteuerungsanordnung gemäß Gattungsbegriff des An spruchs 10. The invention relates to a method for controlling a level crossing according to the preamble of claim 1 and a path control arrangement according to the preamble of claim 10. An.
Es ist bekannt, dass Bahnübergänge mit (Voll -) Schranken von Personal oder mit Radarscannern überwacht werden. Letzteres ist teuer, nicht zuletzt, da sie in Deutschland eine Sicher- heitszulassung (SIL3) benötigen. Bei einfacheren Betriebsver hältnissen, wie beispielsweise bei Anrufschranken gemäß der Norm der Deutschen Bundesbahn DB RIL 456.0001, sind auch Lö sungen wie zeitgesteuertes Schließen nach Warnhinweis zuläs sig. Hierbei fehlt es jedoch gänzlich an einer Sicherstel lung, dass der Gefahrenraum, der im Wesentlichen durch den Raum zwischen den Schranken gegeben ist, frei ist, wenn ein Zug die Stelle passiert. It is known that level crossings with (full) barriers are monitored by personnel or with radar scanners. The latter is expensive, not least because they require a safety approval (SIL3) in Germany. For simpler operating conditions, such as call barriers according to the standard of the German Federal Railways DB RIL 456.0001, solutions such as time-controlled closing after warning are also permissible. In this case, however, it is completely lacking in a certainty that the danger space, which is essentially provided by the space between the barriers, is free when a train passes the location.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe ist es daher eine Lösung anzugeben, die die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet . The problem underlying the invention is therefore to provide a solution that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Bahnübergangs ausgehend vom Gattungsbegriff des Anspruchs 1 durch dessen kennzeichnende Merkmale, sowie der Bahnüber gangssteuerungsanordnung gemäß Gattungsbegriff des Anspruchs 10 durch dessen kennzeichnenden Merkmale gelöst. This object is achieved by the method for controlling a railway crossing starting from the preamble of claim 1 by its characterizing features, as well as the rail transition control arrangement according to the preamble of claim 10 by its characterizing features.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Bahn übergangs, insbesondere von Schranken und Signalen, werden Zeitpunkt und/oder Dauer einer BahnübergangsSperrung in Ab hängigkeit von durch in zumindest einer ersten von über den Bahnübergang verlaufende ersten Schiene geführten ersten Ult raschallwelle verursachten ersten Signalen und in zweiten von über den Bahnübergang verlaufende zweiten Schiene geführten Ultraschallwelle verursachten zweiten Signalen festgelegt. In the method according to the invention for controlling a rail transition, in particular of barriers and signals, the time and / or duration of a railroad crossing closure are dependent on first signals caused by at least a first rail of first rail passing the first rail and second signals from Ultrasonic wave guided via the railroad crossing second rail caused second signals.
Durch die Verursachung und Berücksichtigung der ersten und zweiten verursachten Signale werden beide Schienen überwacht, so dass ein querendes Fahrzeug, welches mit seinen Rädern nacheinander beide Schienen berührt auch Einfluss auf die mindestens eine Ultraschallwelle in der ersten Schiene und auch Einfluss die mindestens eine Ultraschallwelle in der zweiten Schiene, was jeweils Auswirkungen auf die Qualität der verursachten ersten und zweiten Signale hat. Somit kann beispielsweise detektiert werden, ob ein Kraftfahrzeug beide Schienen komplett überquert und somit den Gefahrenbereich verlassen hat, da eine Berührung der Schienen auf das erste und zweite verursachte Signal gleich oft Auswirkungen haben muss. Die Bahnübergangssteuerung kann hier also auf eine ak tuelle Belegung reagieren und entsprechend Schranken und Sig nale steuern und/oder sich nähernde Züge beeinflussen. By causing and taking into account the first and second caused signals, both rails are monitored, so that a traversing vehicle, which with its wheels successively touches both rails also influences the at least one ultrasonic wave in the first rail and also influences the at least one ultrasonic wave in the second rail, which in each case has an impact on the quality of the first and second signals caused. Thus, for example, it can be detected whether a motor vehicle completely crosses both rails and thus has left the danger zone, since a contact of the rails with the first and second signal caused must have the same effect often. The level crossing control can thus respond to an ac current occupancy and control corresponding barriers and Sig nale and / or influence approaching trains.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Bahnübergangssteuerungsanord nung sind Mittel zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und/oder seiner Weiterbildungen vorgesehen. In the level crossing control arrangement according to the invention, means for carrying out the method and / or its developments are provided.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung wird Implementie rung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erreicht und da mit die Verwirklichung der Vorteile der Erfindung und dessen Weiterbildungen ermöglicht. The inventive arrangement Implementie tion of the method according to the invention is achieved and as possible with the realization of the advantages of the invention and its developments.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gegeben. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann derart weitergebildet werden, dass die Signale jeweils in einem ersten Zeitraum, in dem der Bahnübergang geschlossen ist und die Schienen frei sind, und in einem zweiten Zeitraum, in dem der Bahnübergang geöffnet ist, erfasst werden, wobei die Festlegung aufgrund eines ersten Vergleichs der im ersten Zeitraum erfassten ver ursachten Signale mit den im zweiten Zeitraum erfassten ver- ursachten Signale erfolgt. Hierdurch wird eine selbstständige Normierung erzielt, da im ersten Zeitraum, in dem der Bahn übergang geschlossen ist, die Schienen nicht berührt werden. Somit sind die Qualitäten der in diesem Zeitraum ermittelten ersten und zweiten verursachten Signale als Qualitäten anzu nehmen, die mit einem freien Gefahrenraum korrelieren. Gegen über diesen Qualitäten verschiedene Qualitäten von verursach ten ersten und zweiten Signalen, sind damit Indikatoren, die mit einem besetzten Zustand korrelieren. Diese erfindungsge mäße Normierung hat zudem den Vorteil, dass sie die lokalen Gegebenheiten berücksichtig, da die Normierung durch Überwa chung der Qualitäten vor Ort erfolgt und auch wiederholt ak tualisiert werden kann und nicht etwa durch berechnete oder festgesetzte Normwerte dauerhaft und unangepasst bestimmt ist . The inventive method can be developed such that the signals in each case in a first period in which the railroad crossing is closed and the rails are free, and in a second period in which the railroad crossing is opened, are detected, the determination due to a first comparison of the signals generated in the first period with those recorded in the second caused signals. As a result, an independent standardization is achieved because in the first period in which the rail transition is closed, the rails are not touched. Thus, the qualities of the first and second signals generated during this period should be taken as qualities that correlate with a free hazard space. Compared to these qualities, different qualities of first and second signals are indicators that correlate with a occupied state. This standardization according to the invention also has the advantage that it takes into account the local conditions, since the normalization takes place by monitoring the qualities on site and can also be updated repeatedly and is not permanently and unadjusted by calculated or set standard values.
Dieser Vorteil kommt verstärkt zur Geltung, wenn das erfin dungsgemäße Verfahren derart weitergebildet wird, dass die Festlegung aufgrund eines zweiten Vergleichs von ersten und zweiten verursachten Signalen erfolgt, da dies Anpassungsfä higkeit dann unmittelbar auf die Steuerung Einfluss nehmen kann und diese akkurat macht. This advantage comes to advantage when the inven tion proper method is developed such that the determination is due to a second comparison of first and second signals caused because this adaptability then can directly influence the control and makes it accurate.
Ebenfalls bevorzugt ist eine Weiterbildung des erfindungsge mäßen Verfahrens bei der je Schiene eine Einrichtung zum Sen den und Führen des Ultraschalls in die Schiene und eine Ein richtung zum Empfangen der verursachten Signale betrieben werden. Hierdurch werden die Anregung der Schienen mit Ultra schallwellen und die Erfassung hierdurch verursachter Signale auf beiden Schienen unabhängig voneinander bereitgestellt. Also preferred is a development of erfindungsge MAESSEN method in which each rail is a device for Sen and guiding the ultrasound into the rail and a device for receiving the signals caused to be operated. As a result, the excitation of the rails are provided with ultrasonic waves and the detection of signals caused thereby on both rails independently.
Vorzugsweise wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dabei derart weitergebildet, dass die Einrichtung zum Senden und die Ein richtung zum Empfangen an den Übergang querenden Straßenrand sich gegenüberliegend platziert betrieben werden. Hierdurch deckt man den zu untersuchenden Gefahrenbereich, insbesondere die in dem Bereich liegenden Schienen, vollständig ab. Wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren derart weitergebildet, dass ab einer Aktivschaltung des Bahnübergangs bei offenen Schranken zyklisch eine Erfassung von Werten, insbesondere einer Amplitudenänderung, der verursachten Signale des zwei ten Zeitraums, in der ersten Schiene und zweiten Schiene er folgt, so werden für die Bahnübergangssteuerung relevante Signale erst bei Bedarf erfasst bzw. aktuelle Daten bereitge stellt, was bei Erzeugung und/oder Erfassung Energie spart. Preferably, the inventive method is further developed such that the means for transmitting and A direction for receiving crossing at the transition roadside are operated opposite each other. This completely covers the danger area to be examined, in particular the rails located in the area. If the method according to the invention is further developed in such a way that an active circuit of the level crossing with open barriers cyclically detects values, in particular a change in amplitude, of the signals of the second period, in the first rail and the second rail, then those relevant to the level crossing control become Signals are acquired only when needed or current data is provided, which saves energy during generation and / or capture.
Erfolgt, insbesondere bei Betreiben einer Anrufschranke am Bahnübergang, die Erfassung der verursachten Signale des ers ten Zeitraums zumindest temporär, insbesondere in einem Zeit raum nach Anforderung der Öffnung der Schranke und Öffnung der Schranke, wie es eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorsieht, so kann die Normierung hochaktuell erfolgen, da die Qualitäten ermittelt werden, die mit dem freien Zustand des Gefahrenraums korrelieren, unter Berück sichtigung der gegenwärtigen Umwelteinflüsse. Zugleich können auch hochaktuell Ausfälle von einzelnen beteiligten Einrich tungen detektiert und die Öffnung der Schranke unterbunden und/oder andere Sicherheitsprozesse ausgelöst werden bzw. Prozesse zur Behebung des Ausfalls angestoßen werden. Is carried out, in particular when operating a call barrier at the railroad crossing, the detection of the signals caused ers th period at least temporarily, especially in a time after the opening of the barrier and opening the barrier, as it provides for a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, so the standardization is highly up-to-date, since the qualities that correlate with the free state of the danger area are determined, taking into account the current environmental influences. At the same time, failures of individual participating devices can also be detected up-to-the-minute, and the opening of the barrier can be prevented and / or other security processes can be triggered or processes initiated to remedy the failure.
Alternativ, beispielsweise bei Schranken, die nicht als An rufschranken betrieben werden, oder ergänzend kann das erfin dungsgemäße Verfahren derart weitergebildet werden, dass bei Betreiben einer Anrufschranke am Bahnübergang, während der Zeiten geschlossener Schranken eine zyklische Erfassung der verursachten Signale des ersten Zeitraums erfolgt . Hierdurch kann eine stetige Aktualisierung der Normierung gewährleistet werden. Zudem können Funktionsausfälle frühzeitig ermittelt und Prozesse zur Behebung initiiert werden. Alternatively, for example, in barriers that are not operated as rufschranken, or in addition, the inven tion proper method can be developed such that when operating a call barrier at the railroad crossing, during the times closed barriers a cyclic detection of the signals caused the first period. As a result, a constant updating of the standardization can be ensured. In addition, functional failures can be identified early and processes can be initiated to remedy the situation.
Vorzugsweise wird das Verfahren derart weitergebildet dass für die Festlegung und/oder Vergleiche die Amplituden der verursachten Signale erfasst werden. Amplituden korrelieren sehr gut mit Veränderungen an den Schienen und sind somit sehr gut als zu überwachende Qualität der verursachten Signa le geeignet. Preferably, the method is developed in such a way that for the determination and / or comparisons the amplitudes of the caused signals are detected. Amplitudes correlate very well with changes on the rails and thus are very good as monitored quality of the caused Signa le suitable.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung sollen anhand eines in der einzigen Figur gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden. Dabei zeigt die Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the single figure. It shows the
Figur eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbei spiels der das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchfüh renden Bahnsteuerungsanordnung. Figure is a schematic representation of a Ausführungsbei game of the inventive method durchfüh-generating path control arrangement.
Die Figur zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsvariante der Anordnung zur Steuerung eines Bahnüberganges, die die Vortei le gemäß Erfindung aufweist eine Lösung zu bieten, die ohne zusätzliche Ausrüstung der Züge auskommt und die dennoch ei nen zuverlässigen Selbsttest bietet. The figure shows an embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention for controlling a level crossing, which has the Vortei le according to the invention to provide a solution that does not require additional equipment of trains and still offers egg nen reliable self-test.
Zu erkennen ist ein Bahnübergang B, den ein Gleis G passiert, welches aus einer erste Schiene RI und einer zweiten Schiene R2 gebildet wird. Evident is a level crossing B, which passes a track G, which is formed from a first rail RI and a second rail R2.
Ferner ist eine erste Schranke S1 angedeutet, die das Queren des Gleises G von einer Seite verhindert und eine zweite Schranke S2, die das Queren des Gleises G von der gegenüber liegenden Seite verhindert. Somit ist der Zugang zu einem Ge fahrenraum GR auf den Gleisen, wenn ein Zug den Übergang B passiert, gesperrt. Further, a first barrier S1 is indicated, which prevents the crossing of the track G from one side and a second barrier S2, which prevents the crossing of the track G from the opposite side. Thus, the access to a Ge driving space GR on the tracks when a train passes the transition B, locked.
Die Schranken S1...S2 werden dabei bei einem allgemeinen Bahn übergang aufgrund eines nahenden Zuges geschlossen, wenn das Ergebnis einer Untersuchung der Schienen R1...R2 Rückschlüsse darauf zulässt, dass Fahrzeuge und/oder andere Verkehrsbetei ligte beide Schienen passiert haben. The barriers S1 ... S2 are closed at a general railroad crossing due to an approaching train, if the result of an examination of the rails R1 ... R2 conclusions on the fact that vehicles and / or other Verkehrsbetei ended both rails have passed.
Hierzu ist auf der ersten Schiene S1 eine erste Messtrecke MSI installiert und auf der zweiten Schiene S2 eine zweite Messtrecke MS2 vorgesehen. Bei dem dargestellten Beispiel handelt es sich dabei, um Messtrecken, die sich von der Ausgestaltung an den Messtre cken aus dem Bereich der Schienenbrucherkennung orientieren. For this purpose, a first measuring section MSI is installed on the first rail S1 and a second measuring section MS2 is provided on the second rail S2. In the illustrated example, this is to measuring distances, which are based on the design of the Messtre bridges from the field of rail break detection.
Bei der Schienenbrucherkennung und somit bei dem gezeigten Beispiel wird in der Regel eine Überwachung mit geführten Ultraschallwellen durchgeführt: Dazu werden in einem ersten Schritt über eine Anregungseinheit, beispielsweise ein pie- zobasierter Schwinger, (Ultra- ) Schallmoden in der Schiene S1...S2 von typischerweise <100 kHz angeregt, die sich entlang der Schiene S1...S2 ausbreiten. In the case of rail break detection and thus in the example shown, monitoring with guided ultrasound waves is generally carried out. For this purpose, in a first step, via an excitation unit, for example a piezo-based oscillator, (ultra) sound modes in the rail S1... S2 typically <100 kHz excited, propagating along the rail S1 ... S2.
Diese Moden werden in einem folgenden Schritt von einem Sen sor in einer Entfernung von mehreren hundert Metern bis zu mehreren Kilometern detektiert. Somit kann ein herannahender Zug und dessen Einfluss auf die Ultraschallwellen in den Schienen S1...S2 frühzeitig erfasst werden. These modes are detected in a following step by a sen sor at a distance of several hundred meters to several kilometers. Thus, an approaching train and its influence on the ultrasonic waves in the rails S1 ... S2 can be detected early.
Im Fall eines Schienenbruchs reduziert sich die Amplitude des empfangenen Signals oder das Signal fällt vollständig aus. Jegliche Einflüsse auf die Schiene S1...S2 führen ebenfalls zu einer Reduktion des Signals wie Anbauten am Gleis, Quer- schnittsveränderungen oder Objekte, die mit dem Gleis in Kon takt stehen. In the case of a rail break, the amplitude of the received signal is reduced or the signal is completely lost. Any influences on the rail S1 ... S2 also lead to a reduction of the signal such as attachments on the track, cross-sectional changes or objects that are in contact with the track.
Ein massives Objekt wie beispielsweise die Räder von Lokomo tiven führt je nach Mode ebenfalls zu einer geringfügigen Signaländerung . A solid object such as the wheels of Lokomo tive also leads to a slight signal change depending on the mode.
Dieses System kann auch bereits erfindungsgemäß für die Er kennung von querenden Straßenverkehrsteilnehmern- und - Objekten herangezogen werden. Durch Optimierung des Systems, z.B. durch Anpassung der Frequenzen und Moden, kann diese Signaländerung gegenüber den Systemen zur Schienenbrucherken nen jedoch noch verbessert werden, so dass die Erkennung von (Kraftfahrzeug) -rädern, Fußgängern oder anderer Objekte ver bessert, insbesondere an sie angepasst, werden kann. Die Erfindung verwendet diese Schienenbrucherkennung somit in der Art einer „Achszählung" bzw. Erkennung von Berührungen, um dies für die Bahnübergangssteuerung zu verwenden. This system can also be used according to the invention for the recognition He traversing Straßenverkehrnehmernehmern- and - objects. However, by optimizing the system, eg by adapting the frequencies and modes, this signal change compared to the systems for Schienenbrucherken nen can still be improved, so that the detection of (motor vehicle) wheels, pedestrians or other objects ver improved, especially adapted to them can be. The invention thus uses this rail break detection in the manner of an "axle counting" or detection of touches in order to use this for the level crossing control.
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel werden pro Schiene R1...R2 ein Sen der und ein Empfänger (nicht dargestellt) verbaut, und zwar jeweils am Straßenrand, was schematisch durch die Begrenzung der Messtrecken MS1...MS2 in der Figur dargestellt ist. In the exemplary embodiment, a Sen and a receiver (not shown) are installed per rail R1 ... R2, respectively at the roadside, which is shown schematically by the limitation of the measuring distances MS1 ... MS2 in the figure.
In der allgemeinen Anwendung, also nicht Bahnübergänge mit Anrufschranken, kann damit erkannt werden, ob ein massives Objekt auf der Schiene liegt wie bei der Gefahrraummeldung. Dazu werden gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel im Betrieb zyk lisch Messungen durchgeführt und ein aktuelles Messnormal oh ne Beeinflussung ermittelt. In the general application, ie not railroad crossings with call barriers, it can thus be recognized whether a massive object lies on the rail as in the hazardous area message. For this purpose, in accordance with this exemplary embodiment, measurements are carried out cyclically in operation and a current measurement standard is determined without influencing.
Diese Normierungsgröße (Normal) kann je nach Umgebungsbedin gungen, beispielsweise Feuchtigkeit, Temperatur, Verschmut zung variieren. Wenn dann die Schranken S1...S2 geschlossen werden, wird zur Gefahrraumfreimeldung die aktuelle Messung mit dem aktuellen Normal verglichen und bei signifikanter Ab weichung gewarnt. This normalization size may vary depending on ambient conditions, such as humidity, temperature, soiling. If the barriers S1 ... S2 are then closed, the current measurement is compared with the current normal for the hazardous area release message and warned in the event of a significant deviation.
Hiermit überwindet die Erfindung die Schwierigkeit, eine un beeinflusste Messung herauszufiltern, obwohl in der Regel Straßenfahrzeuge queren. Thus, the invention overcomes the difficulty of filtering out an un-influenced measurement, although road vehicles usually cross.
Im speziellen Anwendungsfall der Anrufschranken sind die Schranken standardmäßig geschlossen und werden nur bei Anruf und nach Abklärung von möglichen sich nähernden Zügen geöff net. D.h. es queren keine Fahrzeuge und Züge sind bei Öffnung der Schranken auch mindestens 1km entfernt. In the special case of application of the barriers the barriers are closed by default and are geöff net only on call and after clarification of possible approaching trains. That There are no vehicles and trains are at least 1km away when opening the barriers.
Während dieser Zeit senden und empfangen die Messeinrichtun gen MS1...MS...2 der beiden Schienen R1...R2 bei einer alternativen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kontinuierlich Pulse aus, so dass jede Messeinrichtung MS1...MS2 für sich einen Ausfall selbst erkennen kann . Durch den Vergleich von beiden Systemen können darüber hinaus ebenfalls bereits geringere Abweichungen des Systems festge stellt werden. Die beiden Systeme überwachen sich damit er findungsgemäß gegenseitig. During this time, the measuring devices MS1 ... MS ... 2 of the two rails R1 ... R2 continuously transmit and receive pulses in an alternative embodiment of the invention, so that each measuring device MS1 ... MS2 itself is a failure itself can recognize. By comparing both systems, even smaller deviations of the system can be determined. The two systems monitor each other in accordance with the invention.
Wenn dann die Anrufschranke angefordert wird, müssen zunächst beide Messeinrichtungen MS1...MS2 auf „FREI" erkennen und kön nen das Messnormal ermitteln. Danach sollten sie, wenn ein Objekt, beispielsweise ein Auto, den Bahnübergang quert, gleich viele Beeinflussungen der Ultraschall verursachten Signale erkennen, d. h. gleich oft auf „BESETZT" erkennen. When the call barrier is then requested, both measuring devices MS1 ... MS2 must first detect "FREI" and can determine the measurement standard, and then, if an object, for example a car, crosses the level crossing, they should cause the same amount of influence on the ultrasound Recognize signals, ie, recognize "OCCUPIED" as often as possible.
Abweichungen müssen dabei toleriert oder erkannt werden, bei spielsweise wenn ein Fußgänger auf der einen Seite auf die Schiene tritt, aber nicht auf der anderen Seite. Daher sollte bei Unstimmigkeiten, bevor die Schranke S1...S2 geschlossen wird, optisch und akustisch gewarnt werden und die Schranken S1...S2 sollten in diesem Fall nur mit einer Zeitverzögerung von beispielsweise 1 Minute geschlossen werden. Deviations must be tolerated or recognized, for example, when a pedestrian on one side of the track, but not on the other side. Therefore, in the case of discrepancies before the barrier S1 ... S2 is closed, visual and audible warnings should be issued and the barriers S1 ... S2 should in this case only be closed with a time delay of, for example, 1 minute.
Wenn nach Schließung der Schranken S1...S2 beide Sensoren MS1...MS2 den Gefahrraum GR als „FREI" erkannt haben, kann die Strecke wieder von Zügen befahren werden. Die Erkennung von Fußgängern und anderer Objekte kann bei einer Weiterbildung auch durch maschinelles Lernen trainiert werden, so dass hierzu alternative Steuerungsschritte denkbar sind. If, after closing the barriers S1 ... S2, both sensors MS1 ... MS2 have recognized the danger area GR as "FREE", the route can be traveled by trains again Learning be trained so that this alternative control steps are conceivable.
Der Vorteil besteht in der Verwendung konventioneller Senso rik . The advantage is the use of conventional Senso rik.
Die Erfindung ist dabei nicht auf das dargestellte und be schriebene Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Anord nung und des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens beschränkt. Viel mehr sollen alle von den Ansprüchen definierten Varianten um fasst sein, soweit sie den erfindungswesentlichen Kern der Verwendung konventioneller Sensorik für die Bereitstellung einer einfachen Ausfalloffenbarung durch gegenseitige Be- obachtung und Auswertung unter Einbeziehung der Betriebsab läufe am Bahnübergang B zu ermöglichen, und damit Varianten für verschiedene Zuverlässigkeits- und Sicherheitsanforderun gen zu bieten, so dass eine fernwirkende Technologie zur zeitoptimierten Sicherung von Bahnübergängen bereitgestellt wird . The invention is not limited to the illustrated and be described embodiment of the invention Anord tion and the inventive method. Much more should all be encompassed by the claims defined variants, as far as they the essential to the invention core of the use of conventional sensors for the provision of a simple failure disclosure by mutual care and evaluation, including operations at level crossing B, and thus provide alternatives for various reliability and safety requirements so as to provide remote sensing technology for time-optimized securing of level crossings.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Bahnübergangs, insbeson dere von Schranken und Signalen, 1. A method for controlling a level crossing, in particular barriers and signals,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass Zeitpunkt und/oder Dauer einer BahnübergangsSper rung in Abhängigkeit von durch in zumindest einer ers ten von über den Bahnübergang verlaufende ersten Schie ne geführten ersten Ultraschallwelle verursachten ers ten Signalen und in zweiten von über den Bahnübergang verlaufende zweiten Schiene geführten Ultraschallwelle verursachten zweiten Signalen festgelegt werden.  in that the time and / or duration of a level crossing barrier is determined as a function of second signals caused in at least one first track of the first track guided over the level crossing and second signals guided in the second track guided over the level crossing ,
2. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, 2. Method according to the preceding claim,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Signale jeweils in einem ersten Zeitraum, in dem der Bahnübergang geschlossen ist und die Schienen frei sind, und in einem zweiten Zeitraum, in dem der Bahnübergang geöffnet ist, erfasst werden, wobei die Festlegung aufgrund eines ersten Vergleichs der im ers ten Zeitraum erfassten verursachten Signale mit den im zweiten Zeitraum erfassten verursachten Signale er folgt .  that the signals are respectively detected in a first period in which the railroad crossing is closed and the rails are free, and in a second period in which the railroad crossing is open, the determination based on a first comparison of the detected in Ers ten period caused signals with the signals detected in the second period he follows signals.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized
dass die Festlegung aufgrund eines zweiten Vergleichs von ersten und zweiten verursachten Signalen erfolgt  the determination takes place on the basis of a second comparison of first and second signals caused
4. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, 4. Method according to the preceding claim,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass je Schiene eine Einrichtung zum Senden und Führen des Ultraschalls in die Schiene und eine Einrichtung zum Empfangen der verursachten Signale betrieben wer den . that each rail operated a device for transmitting and guiding the ultrasound in the rail and a device for receiving the signals caused the who.
5. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, 5. Method according to the preceding claim,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Einrichtung zum Senden und die Einrichtung zum Empfangen an den Übergang querenden Straßenrand sich gegenüberliegend platziert betrieben werden.  in that the means for sending and the means for receiving at the transition crossing roadside are operated in opposite positions.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, 6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass ab einer Aktivschaltung des Bahnübergangs bei of fenen Schranken zyklisch eine Erfassung von Werten, insbesondere einer Amplitudenänderung, der verursachten Signale des zweiten Zeitraums, in der ersten Schiene und zweiten Schiene erfolgt .  that, starting from an active circuit of the level crossing with open barriers, cyclical detection of values, in particular an amplitude change, of the signals of the second period caused in the first rail and the second rail takes place.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, 7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass, insbesondere bei Betreiben einer Anrufschranke am Bahnübergang, die Erfassung der verursachten Signale des ersten Zeitraums zumindest temporär, insbesondere in einem Zeitraum nach Anforderung der Öffnung der Schranke und Öffnung der Schranke erfolgt.  that, in particular when operating a call barrier at the railroad crossing, the detection of the signals caused the first period at least temporarily, especially in a period of time after requesting the opening of the barrier and opening of the barrier takes place.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, 8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass bei Betreiben einer Anrufschranke am Bahnübergang, während der Zeiten geschlossener Schranken eine zykli sche Erfassung der verursachten Signale des ersten Zeitraums erfolgt.  that when operating a call barrier at the railroad crossing, during the times closed barriers a zykli cal detection of the signals caused the first period occurs.
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass für die Festlegung und/oder Vergleiche die  that for the determination and / or comparisons the
Amplituden der verursachten Signale erfasst werden.  Amplitudes of the signals caused to be detected.
10. BahnübergangsSteuerung, 10. Level crossing control,
gekennzeichnet durch Mittel zur Durchführung des Ver fahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.  characterized by means for carrying out the proceedings according to any one of the preceding claims.
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