EP3729978A1 - Kombinierter filter zur entfernung von teeren und toxischen verbindungen aus tabakrauch - Google Patents
Kombinierter filter zur entfernung von teeren und toxischen verbindungen aus tabakrauch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3729978A1 EP3729978A1 EP18891845.2A EP18891845A EP3729978A1 EP 3729978 A1 EP3729978 A1 EP 3729978A1 EP 18891845 A EP18891845 A EP 18891845A EP 3729978 A1 EP3729978 A1 EP 3729978A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- filter
- tobacco
- tobacco smoke
- toxic compounds
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
- A24D3/045—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure with smoke acceleration means, e.g. impact-filters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
- A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
- A24D3/163—Carbon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
- A24D3/166—Silicic acid or silicates
Definitions
- the object of the present patent is the description of a combined filter for reducing tars, nicotine and other toxic compounds in the tobacco smoke gas stream.
- the field of application of the present invention is the tobacco industry sector related to cigarettes and specifically to sets of filters for use with cigarettes.
- Cigarettes consist basically of a paper cylinder containing the tobacco mixture and a filter.
- paper it can be said, for example, that the permeability thereof has been studied and the combustion thereof has been modified, for example, as disclosed in the document " Effect of potassium inorganic and organic salts on the pyrolysis kinetics of cigarette paper” by Deqing Zao et al., (Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 102 (2013) 114-123 ). Papers that favour the self-extinction of cigarettes have also been developed and applied, such as, for example, that disclosed in document PCT/KR2009/003425 , inter alia.
- Filters have been developed which include particles of adsorbent materials evenly distributed throughout the entire filter; filters whose cross-section includes liquid fatty acids, as in the case of document TW I243026 ; or cigarette filters wherein the adsorbent layers comprise thermostable synthetic resin matrices, such as phenol-formaldehyde resin, as disclosed in document US2003070686 .
- Others include concentric cylinders made of adsorbent material distributed in the main cellulose acetate filter; ventilated structures which house different membranes, as defined in document DE1 9924205658 ; or filters with helical grooves which include adsorbent materials, as disclosed in document EA200401360 .
- the present invention develops a new type of filter which comprises up to three types of membranes, each with specific features, wherein the location of said membranes is essential to achieve the aim of improving the results of removing tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, which can be applied to any type of cigarette.
- the present invention consists of a filter which comprises up to three types of membranes for removing tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke. Specifically, the present document studies the relative position of the membranes that make up said filter and the type of materials used, obtaining a valuable and selective result. This study reveals that the membranes disposed in that position improve the results of removing tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke.
- this filter is applicable to any cigarette: both commercially manufactured cigarette varieties and fillable tubes, filters for rolling tobacco or even complementary systems of conventional filters, as described herein.
- the first of the elements is an impermeable membrane that causes the condensation of tars and removes part of the nicotine contained in the tobacco smoke aerosol and which preferably must be disposed immediately after the tobacco rod, in contact therewith.
- This membrane comprises at least one impermeable disc, which can be made of different materials, and includes a series of small holes.
- this membrane makes it possible to controllably reduce the inhalation of tars and, therefore, of nicotine and other substances when smoking a cigarette whose filter includes this system. It suffices to regulate the number of holes and their diameter. The larger the number of holes and their diameter, the greater the amount of tars that penetrate the membrane, but the load loss in the smoking process will be smaller. A balance must be struck between both aspects, so as to make the smoking process as pleasant as that of a conventional cigarette.
- a plurality of holes are disposed wherethrough the smoke undergoes an acceleration and post-hole expansion, causing it to condense.
- the essential features of this system are the number of holes and their diameter, the length of the holes (membrane thickness), and the material from which it is made, provided that it is impermeable, do not affect their effectiveness, provided that it is located immediately following the tobacco rod.
- This differential fact makes it possible to use different materials and different thicknesses in its manufacture, with the sole condition of being manageable according to the application in which they will be used.
- they may be made of paper, cardboard, poster board, wood, plastic, metal, closed-pore foam of any material or any other, with the sole condition of being impermeable and non-toxic.
- filters for commercial cigarettes, or tubes, or filters which include them they will preferably have a thickness of around 2 to 4 mm, although for applications such as rolling tobacco it would suffice to manually include a membrane made of paper, poster board or cardboard of micron thickness, conveniently perforated. Therefore, the possibilities of application of this type of membranes are endless and may have different variants according to the final use.
- the primary membrane is made up of any non-toxic and impermeable or semi-permeable material, preferably impermeable, manufactured using any industrial, semi-industrial or manual method, wherein the material may be paper, cardboard, wood, ceramic, cellulose acetate, aluminium or other metal, closed-pore plastic material foams, wherein the membrane is circular or cylindrical, with a diameter equal to that of the tobacco rod or conventional filter, with holes or ducts with a small diameter, which penetrate it in a direction perpendicular to the circular cross-section and evenly distributed in said cross-section, located in contact with the tobacco rod, between said rod and the adjacent membranes, such that it only allows the cigarette smoke (or most of it, if semi-permeable) to pass through the holes or ducts that penetrate it.
- the material may be paper, cardboard, wood, ceramic, cellulose acetate, aluminium or other metal, closed-pore plastic material foams
- the membrane is circular or cylindrical, with a diameter equal to that of the tobacco rod or conventional filter, with holes or duct
- the length of the membrane ranges from microns (paper) to 10 mm, preferably being from 1 to 3 mm, to facilitate handling.
- the membrane includes a number of holes with a diameter such that they have a free flow area of 0.2 % to 30 %, preferably 2 % to 15 %. In this sense, they may include from one to ten holes, with diameters comprised between 0.5 and 1 mm, preferably being two to five holes with a diameter between 0.7 and 1.2 mm. These holes have a non-circular hole cross-section.
- these membranes may include an adhesive, or self-adhesive, layer to facilitate their inclusion, particularly if directly applied by the consumer to the rolling tobacco rod (T).
- These membranes are also capable of including aromas or flavours such as menthol, cocoa, vanilla or any other additive, including nicotine, so that the smoke carries these substances as it passes through the holes, transmitting the corresponding sensations to the smoker while ensuring less inhalation of tars and toxic substances and opening the possibility to many combinations of flavours and reductions.
- aromas or flavours such as menthol, cocoa, vanilla or any other additive, including nicotine
- the second membrane is made up of an adsorbent material composed of solids such as mesoporous silica SBA-15, MCM-41, zeolites or mesoporous activated carbons, included or not in a permeable matrix of plastic material or in cellulose-acetate fibres and which acts on the gases generated, adsorbing certain compounds.
- the material of this second membrane may include aluminium or other active metals in the structure thereof, with the aim of promoting the adsorption of certain compounds and reducing the inhalation of the same by the smoker.
- This membrane can be directly prepared with these materials using the adequate granulometry in a layer of a certain thickness, or manufactured from cellulose-acetate fibres or other fibres capable of being used in the filters, such as cotton fibres, whereto these materials are added, either by physically mixing with the finished fibre or in the manufacturing process thereof.
- This type of membrane also enables the inclusion of flavours, aromas or nicotine, being more effective for this purpose than the primary membrane. For this reason, the joint use of the two membranes is especially attractive, although both may be used separately.
- the filter includes an outer membrane, tertiary or third component of the filter, which is the membrane in contact with the smoker's mouth, which is a cylinder of the adequate length of a conventional filter and made up of cellulose-acetate fibre, and which may include ducts of different cross-sections or other varieties.
- This membrane is capable of including capsules of aromas, flavours or nicotine or containing said compounds adsorbed or as a physical mixture so that they are released into the main stream when the tobacco smoke penetrates the filters that contain them.
- the aforementioned holders existing in the market are manufactured from plastic materials and have a system for collecting said tars and avoiding contact with the smoker.
- the fact that they can be transparent is an intentional commercial strategy, since it makes it possible to observe what they are able to keep away from the smoker, since what is condensed thereon would have passed into their body had they not been used.
- the holders are fitted to the cigarette, their design must enable said fit, resulting in the corresponding complexity and cost.
- this membrane is located immediately after the tobacco rod and in contact therewith. This makes it possible to achieve an effect similar to those described for the aforementioned holders, i.e., the condensation of tars, which do not come in contact with the smoker's mouth, but rather are retained in the adjacent membranes and also, the visual effect for the smoker is just as evident, since they can easily observe that the end of the filter in contact with their mouth is clearly cleaner than a conventional filter that uses this system.
- the rest of the membranes adjacently disposed serve to improve and amplify the good final results. All at a considerably lower cost and making it easy to dispense flavours or aromas to the smoker.
- these membranes can be grouped into smoking paper booklets, wherein said container contains a series of membranes of the type described previously, evenly disposed in the container itself, and said membranes can be easily separated from the container and must be placed on the exterior of the filter in contact with the tobacco.
- the foregoing membranes can be manufactured separately. If the primary and secondary membranes were manufactured separately, they could be used directly by the consumer when filling their conventional tubes or when preparing their cigarettes with rolling tobacco, assembling said membranes in their cigarette. Alternatively, they may already be assembled in commercial filters that include them, either including aromas or flavours or in their neutral form.
- membranes can be utilised or used in filters for any type of tobacco rod, such as, for example, conventional cigarettes, cigars, cheroots, unfiltered cigarettes or those commonly known as hand-rolled cigarettes.
- the cigarettes are conditioned at room temperature and with a relative humidity of 60 %, placing them in a desiccator with a saturated sodium nitrite solution for at least 48 hours before being smoked.
- the smoke including CO, CO2 and other non-condensable products, penetrates the cigarette filter and a trap (fibreglass Cambridge filter), wherein the condensable products that would be inhaled by the smoker are collected.
- the non-condensable products are collected in a Tedlar gas sampling bag, located behind the Cambridge filter, which is reserved for subsequent analysis by gas chromatography (GC).
- GC gas chromatography
- the condensable products retained in the trap behind the filter are extracted with 2-propanol, making sure that all the compounds retained in the trap are recovered.
- the extract is dried with sodium sulfate and reserved for subsequent analysis by GC.
- the determination of the CO and CO2 content in the non-condensable fraction is carried out by GC, using a thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) and a concentric rod (CTRI), in a SHIMADZU GC-14A unit, calibrated using external patterns.
- the quantification was performed by calculating the response factor (grams of compound/peak area) of these compounds by injecting different volumes (between 0.5 and 2.5 ml) of the corresponding pattern (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane and oxygen).
- the analysis conditions are:
- nicotine patterns with different concentrations were prepared. They were injected in the unit and the value of the corresponding response factor was obtained from the slope of the straight line obtained from the graphic representation of the amount of compound injected against the peak area.
- the response factor obtained for the nicotine was used for the other compounds analysed, since the nicotine is the majority compound.
- the quantification was carried out in the same manner as for the gases, wherein there were patterns for many of the compounds and an average response factor was used in those cases where there was no corresponding response factor.
- the compounds were identified using the Wiley MS library.
- the first example shows the result of using a primary membrane (M1), consisting of a circle of filter paper with an 8 mm diameter having two perforations or holes (1) with a 0.7 mm diameter.
- M1 a primary membrane
- This primary membrane (M1) in contact with the tobacco rod (T) is followed by the outer membrane (M3). Therefore, in this example only membranes 1 and 3 were used, given the small thickness of the primary membrane (M1) used, and the outer membrane (M3) was not modified with respect to the original filter of the 3R4F cigarette.
- Cigarettes using filters of the same type as those described in the first embodiment (M1-2) were smoked, but with one (M1-1) and three (M1-3) holes in the first membrane (M1).
- the results show that the reductions are progressively greater as the number of holes decreases, but the number of puffs increases considerably, such that with one hole a significant difference with the cigarette without the primary membrane (M1) can be observed. In this case, the voluntary smokers observed greater smoking resistance.
- Cigarettes were smoked using the primary membrane (M1) with two holes with a 0.7 mm diameter and an outer membrane (M3) 5 mm shorter in length than the conventional one.
- the results obtained indicate that the primary membrane (M1) is much more effective than the outer membrane (M3), such that the decrease in length of said membrane is barely noticeable, which would imply savings in filter manufacturing costs upon requiring a smaller amount of material for the same filtering effectiveness.
- the intermediate membrane (M2) cellulose-acetate fibre from 3R4F cigarette filters, conveniently disaggregated and cut, was physically mixed with the adsorbent material to be assayed.
- the degree of compaction of this membrane is a parameter which has a significant effect on the behaviour observed.
- the three adsorbent materials were firstly analysed and the membranes prepared so that their apparent density was the same as that of the original filter, such that 5 mm of the cellulose acetate filter were eliminated and replaced with the amount of mixture of cellulose-acetate fibre mixed with the adsorbent in a ratio of 1:1 (this ratio is also an important parameter in the design of this type of filter), introducing the same mass as that of the replaced filter.
- Table 3 cellulose-acetate fibre from 3R4F cigarette filters, conveniently disaggregated and cut, was physically mixed with the adsorbent material to be assayed.
- the degree of compaction of this membrane is a parameter which has a significant effect on the behaviour observed.
- flavours and aromas or nicotine can be very effectively added to any of the two primary (M1) or intermediate (M2) membranes.
- examples were prepared including menthol in both the primary membrane (M1) and intermediate membrane (M2). The results obtained show the same reduction as in the case of not using menthol, but a very intense peak corresponding to menthol was detected in the chromatogram of the condensates. The smokers who tested these cigarettes found them to be completely similar to commercial menthol cigarettes.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201731446A ES2717550B2 (es) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | Filtro combinado para la eliminacion de alquitranes y compuestos toxicos del humo del tabaco |
PCT/ES2018/070710 WO2019122468A1 (es) | 2017-12-21 | 2018-11-05 | Filtro combinado para la eliminación de alquitranes y compuestos tóxicos del humo del tabaco |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3729978A1 true EP3729978A1 (de) | 2020-10-28 |
EP3729978A4 EP3729978A4 (de) | 2021-08-25 |
Family
ID=66827019
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18891845.2A Withdrawn EP3729978A4 (de) | 2017-12-21 | 2018-11-05 | Kombinierter filter zur entfernung von teeren und toxischen verbindungen aus tabakrauch |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3729978A4 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2717550B2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2019122468A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024089303A1 (es) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-05-02 | Universidad De Alicante | Máquina, procedimiento de fabricación y filtro reductor de alquitranes y compuestos tóxicos del tabaco |
WO2024089304A1 (es) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-05-02 | Universidad De Alicante | Instalación, procedimiento de fabricación y filtro reductor de alquitranes y compuestos tóxicos del tabaco |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES1248319Y (es) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-09-14 | Univ Alicante | Cigarrillos para dispositivos de calentamiento de tabaco sin combustion |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL277128A (de) * | 1961-04-14 | |||
CH426594A (de) * | 1964-03-10 | 1966-12-15 | Ent Keller Hans | Filteranordnung für Rauchwaren |
US3434480A (en) | 1966-04-29 | 1969-03-25 | Tar Gard Co | Disposable filter for tobacco-smoking device |
US3492998A (en) * | 1969-04-30 | 1970-02-03 | John A Mascaro | Filtering arrangement for smoking articles |
US4469112A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1984-09-04 | Celanese Corporation | Compound filter |
DK499289A (da) * | 1988-10-12 | 1990-04-13 | Rothmans Int Tobacco | Stangelementer til cigaretfiltre og cigaretter udstyret med saadanne stangelementer |
GB9023368D0 (en) * | 1990-10-26 | 1990-12-05 | Rothmans International Ltd | Smoking article |
DE4205658A1 (de) * | 1992-02-25 | 1993-08-26 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Ventilierte filtercigarette |
US6779529B2 (en) | 2001-08-01 | 2004-08-24 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Cigarette filter |
US20030066539A1 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2003-04-10 | Figlar James N. | Cigarette Filter |
WO2003028495A1 (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-10 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Activated charcoal filter for reducing p-benzosemiquinone from the mainstream cigarette smoke |
CA2464149A1 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2003-05-08 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Cigarette filter and filter-tipped cigarette |
CA2762942C (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2013-11-05 | Philip Morris Products, S.A. | Activated carbon fiber cigarette filter |
EP1905318B1 (de) * | 2003-09-30 | 2010-07-07 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filterzigarette mit Adsorptionsmaterial |
US20060196513A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2006-09-07 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Triple hopper max with built-in granulated cavity filling capability |
WO2008018617A1 (fr) | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-14 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Filtre à cigarette |
GB0709989D0 (en) | 2007-05-24 | 2007-07-04 | Filtrona Int Ltd | Tobacco smoke filter |
-
2017
- 2017-12-21 ES ES201731446A patent/ES2717550B2/es active Active
-
2018
- 2018-11-05 WO PCT/ES2018/070710 patent/WO2019122468A1/es unknown
- 2018-11-05 EP EP18891845.2A patent/EP3729978A4/de not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024089303A1 (es) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-05-02 | Universidad De Alicante | Máquina, procedimiento de fabricación y filtro reductor de alquitranes y compuestos tóxicos del tabaco |
WO2024089304A1 (es) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-05-02 | Universidad De Alicante | Instalación, procedimiento de fabricación y filtro reductor de alquitranes y compuestos tóxicos del tabaco |
ES2970265A1 (es) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-05-27 | Univ Alicante | Maquina, procedimiento de fabricacion y filtro reductor de alquitranes y compuestos toxicos del tabaco |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2717550A1 (es) | 2019-06-21 |
WO2019122468A1 (es) | 2019-06-27 |
ES2717550B2 (es) | 2020-02-28 |
EP3729978A4 (de) | 2021-08-25 |
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