EP3727703B1 - Device and installation for the electrostatic powder coating of objects - Google Patents
Device and installation for the electrostatic powder coating of objects Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3727703B1 EP3727703B1 EP18829291.6A EP18829291A EP3727703B1 EP 3727703 B1 EP3727703 B1 EP 3727703B1 EP 18829291 A EP18829291 A EP 18829291A EP 3727703 B1 EP3727703 B1 EP 3727703B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- coating
- electrode arrangement
- powder coating
- chamber
- Prior art date
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 314
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 289
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007786 electrostatic charging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
- B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
- B05B7/1454—Arrangements for supplying particulate material comprising means for supplying collected oversprayed particulate material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B16/00—Spray booths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B16/00—Spray booths
- B05B16/40—Construction elements specially adapted therefor, e.g. floors, walls or ceilings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/0255—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns spraying and depositing by electrostatic forces only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
- B05B5/081—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects specially adapted for treating particulate materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
- B05B5/087—Arrangements of electrodes, e.g. of charging, shielding, collecting electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
- B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
- B05B7/144—Arrangements for supplying particulate material the means for supplying particulate material comprising moving mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
- B05D2401/30—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant
- B05D2401/32—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant applied as powders
Definitions
- the present development relates to a powder coating device and a powder coating system equipped with it, which are designed for coating objects with a powder or powder paint.
- the powder coating device and the powder coating system are designed in particular for pressureless operation and to that extent for generating an expanding, for example electrostatically charged powder cloud, by means of which a surface of objects located in the area of the powder cloud can be coated.
- Powder coating devices are well known in the art and z. Am WO 00/25934 A1 and US 3951099 A disclosed.
- a coating material present in powder form or as granules is atomized, for example, by means of electrostatic charging, so that a surface of the object to be coated or a workpiece can be uniformly wetted with high quality and quality.
- spraying on a powder by means of compressed air with the aid of a pistol it is known to arrange the objects or workpieces to be coated in a coating chamber and there to expose them to a powder cloud that spreads spatially as a result of electrostatic effects.
- Such powder coating chambers are closed during the coating process, on the one hand to prevent the powder cloud from spreading into the environment and on the other hand to prevent external influences on the powder coating process.
- the powder particles which are whirled up to form a cloud of powder due to the electrostatic charge or rise against the force of gravity, sink at regular intervals onto the electrode due to the force of gravity. There they experience a new electrostatic charge, which in turn causes the powder particles in question to rise.
- a kind of cycle is created for the individual powder particles until they are deposited on the object to be coated as intended.
- Such coating processes require manual cycle operation for coating individual workpieces in the interior of the coating chamber.
- the powder for the respective coating process usually has to be introduced manually into the chamber by an end user before the start of the coating process and, for example, also distributed on the floor of the coating chamber.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing an improved powder coating device and powder coating system that has in-line or continuous operation for objects to be coated through a coating chamber, which provide particularly simple and practical handling for the end user, which enable improved control of the coating process, in particular during the coating process, which provide simple and practical powder feed and which are also suitable for reducing powder consumption.
- the powder coating device and the powder coating system should also be characterized by a variable configuration that can be adapted to a wide variety of coating requirements.
- a powder coating device for powder coating objects has a base body on which an electrode arrangement designed to generate a powder cloud is arranged.
- a dosing device is also arranged on the base body.
- the dosing device is arranged above the electrode arrangement. Above here means an arrangement with respect to a vertical.
- the dosing device is designed for the controlled delivery of a quantity of powder onto the underlying electrode arrangement.
- the dosing device can be designed for the air pressure-free dispensing of a quantity of powder onto the underlying electrode arrangement.
- the delivery to the electrode arrangement can be effected either directly, by trickling down freely or indirectly by means of supply via a type of chute or chute.
- the electrode arrangement and the dosing device are arranged on a common base body.
- the position of the dosing device relative to the electrode arrangement can be specified or fixed in a defined manner.
- the base body and, for example, the base body, dosing device The powder coating device formed by the powder coating device and the electrode arrangement can then be arranged in a configurable manner in a coating chamber of a powder coating system. This enables a universal configuration of a powder coating system that can be adapted to different coating specifications and variably adapted to the respective user specifications.
- the powder coating installation can also be converted so that it can be configured to different process requirements at any time, not only during initial assembly or production, but also afterwards, ie after commissioning.
- a controllable dosing device also makes it possible to change the powder supply to the electrode arrangement in an adjustable manner.
- the dosing device is designed for the controllable and variable, for example infinitely variable, delivery of a quantity of powder onto the electrode arrangement.
- the dosing device can be controlled from the outside or remotely. In this way, the delivery of the amount of powder onto the electrode arrangement can also be variably adapted to the respectively prevailing requirements during an ongoing coating process and without external intervention in the coating chamber.
- the base body and thus the entire powder coating device can be variably positioned in or on the coating chamber of a powder coating system, a wide variety of different coating requirements can be used in accordance with the respective arrangement and positioning as well as alignment of the powder coating device relative to the at least one workpiece or object arranged inside the coating chamber Powder clouds with different geometry and particle density can be generated. A wide variety of powder clouds tailored to the respective objects can thus be generated for a wide variety of coating objects.
- the dosing device of the electrode arrangement has a powder outlet. Since the dosing device is located above the electrode arrangement, the powder discharged from the dosing device can be below Gravity reach the electrode assembly. Starting from the electrode arrangement and the electrostatic charge provided by the electrode arrangement, a powder cloud can be formed that spreads spatially solely as a result of the electrostatic charge, without the use of compressed air or similar conveying or propelling media.
- the dosing device is designed in particular to regulate and control the delivery of the amount of powder per unit of time. In this way, the amount of powder reaching the electrode arrangement or impinging from above can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
- a charging voltage on or at the electrode can also be variably adjustable or controllable. Accordingly, the spatial extent and powder density within the powder cloud can also be regulated and controlled as required.
- the dosing device has a sieve extending over the powder outlet.
- This causes a particularly fine-grained application of the powder to the underlying electrode arrangement. Any clumping of the powder on the electrode arrangement can thus be avoided.
- the provision of a sieve extending over the powder outlet ensures that a required powder particle size is maintained.
- the sieve can have a mesh size of less than 1 mm.
- the sieve can have a mesh size of 100 ⁇ m to 1 mm, for example.
- the sieve can also have a mesh size of 200 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m.
- the sieve can have a mesh size of 500 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m.
- the mesh size of the sieve is matched to the powder intended for the coating process.
- the dosing device has a movably mounted slide with at least one powder receptacle, by means of which a powder quantity corresponding to the size of the powder receptacle can be supplied in portions to the electrode arrangement.
- the slide can, for example, be movably mounted on the dosing device between a receiving position and a dispensing position. In the recording position is the Powder intake typically below a powder feed, for example at the bottom of a feed hopper of a powder container.
- the slide With the powder received in the powder receptacle, the slide can then be transferred into a delivery position in which the powder receptacle is open at the bottom. This can be done, for example, by moving the slide to an area in which the powder receptacle protrudes laterally from a housing of the dosing device or in which a bottom of the dosing device located below the powder receptacle has a through-opening corresponding to the powder receptacle. In this way, the powder previously taken up in the powder receptacle can be discharged downwards and thus onto the electrode arrangement.
- the powder receptacle can have a through-opening that penetrates the slide vertically, which is closed at the bottom in the receiving position and which is open at the bottom in the dispensing position.
- the dosing device is connected in a powder-carrying manner to a powder supply.
- the dosing device can be arranged, for example, at a lower end of a powder storage container.
- the powder supply is located inside the powder storage container. Due to the force of gravity, the powder or the powder supply can get from the storage container into the dosing device, so that it can be fed to the electrode arrangement via the outlet of the dosing device.
- the powder supply can be arranged on the base body of the powder coating device. It can also belong to the powder coating device. However, it is also conceivable that the powder supply is arranged outside of the powder coating device, possibly also outside of a coating chamber of a powder coating system.
- the powder supply can be connected in a powder-carrying manner to the dosing device, for example via a powder-carrying line. This makes it possible to arrange the powder supply or a powder storage container at a particularly favorable or any point of the powder coating system, which is particularly suitable for powder refilling.
- the dosing device has an electrically controllable transmitter.
- the supply of a quantity of powder per unit of time to the electrode arrangement can be variably adjusted by means of the transmitter. You can, for example, be adjustable in discrete steps but also continuously.
- the transmitter interacts mechanically with the sieve or with the slide of the dosing device.
- the encoder can have a crank drive, for example, by means of which the slide can be moved in a reversible, that is to say backwards and forwards, direction in a longitudinal direction.
- the slide can be connected to a crank drive via a connecting rod and can be guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner along a longitudinal guide of the dosing device.
- the dosing device has a sieve
- mount the sieve so that it can move with respect to a powder supply or the powder supply.
- the electrically controllable transmitter can be designed here, for example, to hit the side of the sieve and to regularly apply impact forces or mechanical pulses to it so that a defined quantity of powder is discharged downwards from the sieve via the powder outlet.
- the encoder can also have a crank mechanism provided with a connecting rod.
- a magnetically activatable encoder for example in the form of an electrically controllable lifting magnet or a linear motor. Appropriate application of an electric current can, for example, move a piston mounted displaceably in an electromagnet back and forth so that it strikes the side of the sieve of the powder outlet.
- the frequency and/or the amplitude of the transmitter interacting with the screen or with the slide can typically be changed variably or even steplessly by means of a control of the powder coating device.
- the amount of powder delivered by the dosing device per unit of time can be modified and adjusted in a targeted manner and also variably and remotely during the coating process.
- the electrode arrangement is aligned at an incline with respect to a horizontal line.
- the electrode arrangement can typically have a flat electrode with a predetermined surface area.
- the electrode arrangement can in particular have a rectangular or square contour. With its surface normal, it can typically be aligned at an angle of 0° to 45° with respect to the vertical. If the electrode arrangement is in an orientation inclined relative to the horizontal, it has at least one region at the top and at least one region at the bottom relative to the vertical.
- the upper area of the electrode arrangement in the case of an inclined arrangement, has a smaller horizontal distance to the dosing device in comparison to the lower area.
- the upper area of the electrode arrangement viewed horizontally, is arranged closer to the powder outlet of the dosing device than is the case for the lower area of the electrode arrangement.
- Powder particles which are electrostatically charged several times during the coating process and repeatedly sink down onto the electrode arrangement due to the force of gravity, experience a horizontal movement towards the area of the electrode arrangement lying below. A downward inclination of the electrode arrangement facing away from the dosing device thus causes a certain powder movement on the electrode arrangement.
- the powder delivery of the dosing device to the electrode arrangement is set correctly for the respective coating process, a constant and as homogeneous as possible distribution of the powder on the surface of the electrode can be achieved in this way during the coating process. This is advantageous for a spatially homogeneous and temporally stable generation of the powder cloud. If necessary, a temporally variable and/or spatially inhomogeneous powder cloud can also be generated.
- the powder coating device is arranged above a floor of the coating chamber of the powder coating system.
- the underlying portion of the electrode assembly is above the floor of the coating chamber.
- the electrode arrangement is arranged on the base body so that it can be pivoted or variably changed.
- the pivotable arrangement in particular with respect to a horizontally running pivot axis, enables a variable and variable or adjustable alignment of the electrode arrangement with respect to the horizontal, corresponding to the corresponding coating specifications.
- the electrode arrangement can be fixed in any acceptable inclined orientation on the base body.
- the particle density in the powder cloud and the spatial expansion of the powder cloud as well as the homogeneity of the powder distribution over the surface of the electrode arrangement can be adjusted in a targeted manner by means of a variably adjustable alignment or inclination of the electrode arrangement, depending on the amount of powder supplied.
- At least one fastening element is provided on the base body, which is designed to form a detachable fastening with a corresponding counter-fastening element provided in a coating chamber of a powder coating system.
- the base body and thus the entire powder coating device can be variably arranged at points provided for this purpose and provided with corresponding counter-fastening elements in or on the coating chamber of the powder coating system.
- the coating chamber or the powder coating system to provide a large number of counter-fastening elements, which enable a variable and changeable arrangement of the powder coating device at different points in or on the coating chamber.
- a powder coating system can be variably converted and configured for a wide variety of coating processes.
- powder coating devices described above in a coating chamber.
- two or more powder coating devices with their respective base bodies or carriers can be arranged, for example, on opposite side walls of the coating chamber, so that a workpiece or object to be coated can be arranged, for example, between two opposite powder coating devices inside the coating chamber.
- the use of a plurality of powder coating devices and/or the variable arrangement of the powder coating devices inside the coating chamber also enable inline or continuous operation of workpieces or objects to be coated through the coating chamber.
- the dosing device enables powdered coating material to be continuously replenished, so that the coating process does not have to be interrupted for the purpose of powder replenishment. This enables stable and controllable long-term and continuous operation of a powder coating device or a powder coating system equipped with it.
- the production rationality for coating individual objects or workpieces can be increased in this way. Cycle times can be shortened.
- At least one wall section is arranged on the base body of the powder coating device. This is in a boundary wall of a coating chamber Powder coating system can be integrated.
- wall sections of a boundary wall configured correspondingly herewith or also an entire boundary wall of a coating chamber can be substituted.
- the powder coating device can be designed as a module of a powder coating system, which contributes to the formation of a coating chamber.
- the powder coating device can have a structural unit formed from a base body, dosing device and electrode arrangement, which can be arranged flexibly and variably in or on a coating chamber of a powder coating system in a detachable manner.
- the invention also relates to a powder coating system for powder coating objects.
- the powder coating installation has a coating chamber and a powder reservoir as well as at least one powder coating device as described above. This can be variably positioned in or on the coating chamber.
- the powder reservoir can be inside but also outside of the coating chamber.
- the powder coating device is designed with a wall section for replacing a boundary wall or a section of a boundary wall of the coating chamber that corresponds thereto, provision can be made for arranging a powder supply or powder reservoir outside or on an outside of the wall section and the dosing device, but at least to arrange the powder outlet on an inside of the wall section.
- the electrode assembly is located on or spaced from an inside of the wall portion within the coating chamber.
- the powder coating device designed as a coating module can form a boundary wall of the coating chamber or contribute to the formation of a boundary wall of the coating chamber when arranged as intended on the coating chamber.
- the coating chamber has a chamber floor which, at least in sections, has a funnel-shaped, downward-tapering collecting area for powder material.
- the chamber floor can be V-shaped, for example. However, it can also taper downwards in a trapezoidal or pyramidal manner.
- a chamber floor that is inclined at least in sections is suitable for collecting excess powder, for example powder trickling down from the region of the electrode arrangement located below.
- the powder coating system is equipped with a powder return system, one end section of which is connected in a powder-carrying manner to the collection area of the chamber floor and which is connected in a powder-carrying manner to the powder reservoir with an opposite end section.
- a powder return system one end section of which is connected in a powder-carrying manner to the collection area of the chamber floor and which is connected in a powder-carrying manner to the powder reservoir with an opposite end section.
- the powder return can have a hose or pipe connection which extends from the outlet of the collecting area to an inlet of the powder storage container.
- the powder transport via the powder return can take place, for example, by means of a blower or by suction.
- the blower or the suction can be hermetically separated from the interior of the coating chamber, so that the blower or the Extraction the spread of the powder cloud inside the coating chamber is not affected or only imperceptibly.
- the powder return has an intermediate storage container.
- the intermediate storage container can be arranged in particular between the collection area and the powder storage container.
- a removal of powder material from the collection area can be decoupled from a supply of powder material to the powder storage container.
- powder material can be removed from the collection area much more often than powder material can be fed into the powder storage container.
- the powder absorption capacity of the powder coating system can be increased by means of the intermediate storage container.
- the powder coating system has a number of counter-fastening elements on or in the coating chamber for a variable arrangement of one or more powder coating devices described above. It is also conceivable that the powder coating system has a support structure for the coating chamber, which is arranged outside of the coating chamber. In this way, the coating chamber itself can be attached to the support structure. Furthermore, the support structure, for example in the form of a support framework, enables a modular construction of the coating chamber. Individual boundary walls or wall sections of the coating chamber can be arranged separately and independently of one another on the support structure.
- At least one boundary wall or a wall section thereof can have at least one or more fastening elements similar or identical to the main body of the powder coating device.
- the support structure can have counter-fastening elements corresponding thereto and corresponding thereto.
- the counter-fastening elements which are arranged either on the support structure or on or in the coating chamber, have at least one or more elongate fastening rails.
- Fastening rails enable variable, if necessary stepless, spatial positioning of the powder coating device inside the coating chamber.
- the at least one or more fastening rails can be aligned horizontally, vertically or inclined at a predetermined angle to the horizontal. It is also conceivable to displace individual, for example, horizontally running mounting rails on vertically running mounting rails. In this way, any two-dimensional, optionally stepless positionability can be provided for the powder coating device in or on the coating chamber.
- the powder coating system has at least two or more of the powder coating devices described above. These are arranged one above the other in the coating chamber in relation to a vertical line.
- the powder coating system has at least two or more of the powder coating devices described above, which are arranged one behind the other or next to one another in the coating chamber in relation to a horizontal line.
- At least one of the powder coating devices described above is arranged on a ceiling section of the coating chamber.
- the detachable arrangement of the powder coating device on or in a coating chamber enables a large number of different configurations with regard to the number, positioning, spacing and alignment of individual powder coating devices or coating modules in or on a coating chamber of a powder coating system.
- different powder clouds can be generated for the coating of a wide variety of workpieces and objects, each of which has the best possible shape and/or particle density for the coating of the workpieces.
- the powder coating system has at least one boundary wall or a wall section associated with the boundary wall, which can be detached from the coating chamber and substituted by a wall section of a previously described coating device.
- the boundary wall and/or a wall section associated with the relevant boundary wall can be arranged, for example, on a support structure that is located outside the coating chamber.
- the carrier structure and the boundary wall or the wall section can have fastening elements and counter-fastening elements that are coordinated with one another and are subject to a certain geometric standardization, for example.
- the powder coating device in particular the fastening elements provided on it, can be connected to those provided on the carrier Counter-fastening elements correspond, so that a boundary wall or a wall section of the coating chamber associated with the boundary wall can be replaced as required by a wall section of the powder coating device.
- a powder coating device is fastened to the support structure instead of a boundary wall or an associated wall section, and the powder coating system can be equipped with a dosing device also arranged on the relevant powder coating device and an associated electrode arrangement.
- wall sections of the coating chamber that can be arranged next to one another each have fastening elements and counter-fastening elements that correspond to one another, so that wall sections of the coating chamber arranged next to one another or one above the other can be connected to one another and/or fastened to one another.
- This also applies equally to those wall sections that are arranged on the base body of the powder coating device.
- the powder coating device 10 has a base body 11 which also acts as a support structure for individual components of the powder coating device 10 .
- the powder coating device 10 has at least one electrode arrangement 12 designed to generate a powder cloud 2 , which is arranged on the base body 11 .
- a dosing device 14 is also arranged on the base body 11 . This is located above the electrode arrangement 12 in relation to a vertical line.
- the dosing device 14 is in particular provided with a powder outlet 24, by means of which a predetermined quantity of a powder material can be dispensed and can reach the electrode arrangement 12 due to the force of gravity.
- the powder material 1 experiences an electrostatic charge on the electrode arrangement 12, which leads to the formation of a powder cloud 2, as is shown schematically in FIG figure 5 is indicated.
- the electrode arrangement 12 as well as the dosing device 14 can be arranged in a fixed or variable manner on the base body 11 of the powder coating device 10 .
- the powder coating device 10 or its base body 11 is variable in a coating chamber 102 of a diagrammatically shown in figure 5 shown powder coating system 100 can be arranged.
- the variable and freely configurable arrangement of the powder coating device 10 in or on the powder coating system 100 enables the generation of powder clouds 2 different geometries and with different particle or powder densities.
- the electrode assembly 12 which in the Figures 3 and 4 shown separately has a largely planar two-dimensional structure.
- the electrode arrangement 12 can, for example, be rectangular or square.
- the electrode arrangement 12 can have a multilayer structure. It may have a bottom layer 120 and a top layer 122 .
- the bottom layer 120 and the top layer 122 are typically made of an insulating material.
- An electrode 124 is located between the two layers 120, 122.
- the electrode 124 is designed as a flat electrode and predominantly fills an area between the layers 120, 122.
- the electrode 124 is typically subjected to a pulsed high voltage.
- the electrode 124 can be subjected to high voltage in the range from 10 kV to 25 kV, for example. Typical frequencies for high-voltage excitation are in the range from 20 Hz to 100 Hz, preferably in the range from 40 Hz to 60 Hz, for example in a range of around 50 Hz.
- a grid electrode 126 is arranged on the upper side of the upper layer 122 facing away from the lower layer 120 . This has a grid-like structure and extends almost over the entire outer surface of the upper layer 122.
- the grid electrode is typically subjected to a high-voltage DC voltage in the range from 5 to 50 kV.
- the grid electrode 126 ensures that the powder material 1 located on the upper side of the electrode arrangement 12 is electrostatically charged.
- the pulsed electrode 124 causes a type of periodic pulse charging of the powder material 1 and supports the formation of a powder cloud 2 that is spatially removed from the upper side of the electrode arrangement 12. Both Electrodes, the electrode 124 and the grid electrode 126 are connected to a controller 50 .
- the electrodes 124, 126 can be galvanically isolated from one another.
- the electrode arrangement 12 is arranged inclined to a horizontal. It has an upper area 13 and a lower area 15 in relation to the vertical.
- the upper area 13 and the lower area 15 mark opposite side edges of the electrode arrangement 12 in a planar configuration of the electrode arrangement 12.
- the upper area of the electrode arrangement 12, relative to a horizontal is arranged closer to the outlet 24 of the dosing device 14 than the lower area 15 In this way it can be ensured that the powder material 1 delivered by the dosing device 14 first strikes the upper region 13 of the electrode arrangement 12 and is delivered from there to a powder cloud 2 .
- the electrode arrangement 12 can in particular be pivotably arranged on the base body 11 of the powder coating device 10 . In particular, it can be pivoted on the base body 11 with respect to a horizontally extending pivot axis.
- the electrode arrangement can be able to be fixed multiple times and separately to the base body 11 with regions that are opposite or spaced apart from one another.
- the electrode arrangement 12 can also be oriented and arranged as desired and fixed on the base body 11 in a manner that can be inclined.
- the base body 11 can form a kind of closed housing of the powder coating device 10 .
- the base body 11 has an outlet opening 17 for the powder cloud above or to the side of the electrode arrangement 12 .
- the electrode arrangement 12 it is also conceivable for the electrode arrangement 12 to be arranged outside of an enclosure or a housing of the base body 11 .
- this has a sieve 26 stretched over the powder outlet 24 .
- the screen 26 prevents an unchecked trickling down or falling of powder material 1 from a powder supply 16 located above the powder outlet 24.
- the powder supply 16 can be surrounded by a powder supply container 104.
- the powder storage container 104 can also be part of the powder coating device 10 . However, it can also be arranged outside of the powder coating device 10 and only be connected or coupled to the dosing device 14 in a powder-carrying manner.
- the metering device 14 has a deformable or flexible powder guide 20 adjacent to the sieve 26 and counter to the conveying direction for the powder material 1 .
- the powder guide 20 can be, for example, a flexible hose or a flexible line piece, by means of which the powder outlet 24 is connected to the powder storage container 104 .
- the powder storage container 104 can in particular have a connection piece 104a for the powder guide 20 . Facing away from the powder reservoir 104, the powder guide 20 can have a socket 21 for receiving and/or fastening the sieve 26.
- the socket 21 can have a flange-like widening.
- the powder guide 20 can also have a flange-like widening 20a, 20b in the direction of the connection piece 104a and also in the direction of the connection piece 21, by means of which a form-fit fastening of the powder guide 20 to the powder storage container 104 and to the connection piece 21 is possible.
- the powder guide 20 can be designed, for example, in the form of a flexible silicone tube.
- the dosing device 14 is also equipped with a transmitter 18 .
- This is arranged at the level of the powder outlet 24 , and consequently at the level of the sieve 26 .
- the transmitter 18 is arranged at the level of the socket and outside of the socket, laterally adjacent to the socket 21 .
- the transmitter 18 has an electrically controllable lifting magnet 38 which, when an electrical control signal is applied, is designed to regularly and/or repeatedly strike the side of the connecting piece 21 in order to thus exert a mechanical impulse on the movably mounted screen 26. In this way, the lifting magnet 38 can exert a kind of tapping movement on the flexibly mounted sieve 26, so that a defined quantity of powder is released from the sieve.
- the embodiment shown here is advantageous in that the movably mounted parts are not subject to any friction or abrasion for example, the powder material 1 could contaminate. Any powder material that has accumulated on the outside of the powder guide 20 can be knocked off by means of the transmitter 18 . In this respect, the transmitter 18 counteracts powder adhesion to the moving components of the dosing device 14 .
- FIG. 2a to 2c a further embodiment of a dosing device 14 is shown.
- a powder guide 20 running as an extension of a powder supply 16 and a screen 26
- This has a movable slide 28 .
- the slide 28 has a receptacle 30 for a quantity of powder.
- the slider 28 is between an in Figure 2a shown receiving position and an in Figure 2b shown dispensing position longitudinally displaceable on the metering device 14 out.
- the recording 30 is open at the top and bottom. in the in Figure 2a In the receiving position shown, the receptacle 30 is located below an outlet of the powder storage container 104. In this position, the receptacle 30 can be filled with powder material 1.
- the slide 28 is in the in Figure 2b shown dispensing position can be transferred, in which the slide 28 protrudes with its receptacle 30 from a housing of the metering device 14. Since the receptacle 30 is open at the bottom, the quantity of powder 1 located in the receptacle 30 can be discharged downwards and fed to the electrode arrangement 12 .
- Figure 2c an intermediate position of the slider 28 is shown. The arrow shown there indicates the instantaneous direction of movement of the slider 28 towards the receiving position.
- the slide 28 is not mounted horizontally and longitudinally displaceable, but rotatably.
- a through-opening can be provided on the underside of the housing of the dosing device 14 , which is offset from an outlet of the powder storage container 104 .
- the receptacle 30 can be moved into the area of a through-opening on the underside of the housing of the dosing device 14, through which through-opening the amount of powder can be dispensed. It is equally conceivable that the slide 28 moves completely within the housing of the dosing device 14 and that the receptacle 30 comes to lie flush with a downwardly open through-opening of the housing in the dispensing position.
- the powder coating system 100 has, as in figure 5 shown, at least one powder coating device 10 described above.
- the powder coating device 10 can also have a wall section 41 which is designed and dimensioned in such a way as to substitute a wall section 103a or an entire boundary wall 103 of the coating chamber 102 .
- a boundary wall of the powder storage container 104 shown in the embodiment coincides with the wall section 41 of the powder coating device 10 .
- the powder coating device 10, together with this wall section 41, can be detached from the coating chamber 102 or from an in figure 5 not explicitly shown support structure 111 detachably arranged.
- the electrode arrangement 12 is located above a chamber floor 106. It projects laterally from a side wall section 103 of the coating chamber 102 into the interior volume of the coating chamber.
- a powder cloud 2 forms during operation of the powder coating system 100, which ideally fills as completely as possible a coating area 101 designed to accommodate objects to be coated.
- the chamber floor 106 is oriented at an incline, at least in certain areas. It may have a recessed collection area 108 .
- the chamber floor 106 can be funnel-shaped, for example one- or two-dimensionally funnel-shaped.
- the chamber floor 106 can taper downwards in a conical manner, in the manner of a tetrahedron or in the manner of a truncated pyramid. In this way, a tapering collection area 108 can be formed, by means of which the powder material 1 trickling down, for example, from the electrode arrangement 12, in particular from its lower area 15, can be caught and collected.
- the collection area 108 is also connected to a powder return 110 .
- the powder return 110 has an end portion 112 which is connected to the collection area 108 at the bottom of the coating chamber 102 in a powder-carrying manner.
- An opposite end portion 114 of the powder return 110 is provided with a Inlet or a supply for the powder reservoir 104 powder-carrying connected. In this way, powder material 1 that is superfluous or accumulates on the chamber floor 106 can be fed back into the coating process. In this way, a closed circuit is formed. The powder consumption can be minimized.
- the powder return 110 can also optionally have an intermediate storage container 116 which is connected to the end section 112 in a powder-carrying manner.
- the intermediate storage container 116 can also be connected to the end section 114 in a powder-carrying manner.
- the provision of an intermediate storage container 116 allows powder material 1 to be discharged frequently from the collection area 108 without the powder quantity recovered each time having to be fed directly to the powder storage container 104 .
- a dosing device 14 is provided with a sieve 26 provided at the powder outlet 24, it can be advantageous if no further powder material 1 is refilled from above into the powder storage container 104 during an ongoing coating process.
- a filling level sensor 113 can also be provided on or in the collecting area 108, by means of which a removal, for example suction, of accumulated powder material 1 from the collecting area 108 can be initiated or triggered.
- the filling level sensor 113 is typically coupled to a central controller, for example to the control device 50 .
- Conveying means such as a blower or a suction device for conveying the powder material 1 from the collection area into the intermediate storage container 116 and into the powder storage container 104 are not explicitly shown here. They can have one or more fans or suction fans that are provided in or on the powder return.
- the optional modular structure of a coating chamber 102 is shown as an example using the example of a boundary wall 103, which is designed as a side wall in the present case.
- the boundary wall 103 has a plurality of side wall sections 103a. These are each provided with one or more fastening elements 40, which correspond to this configured counter-fastening elements 60 of an in 15
- Support structure 111 shown only schematically can be connected.
- the support structure 111 can provide a supporting framework for the coating chamber 102 or parts thereof.
- the mutual connection of fastening elements 40 and counter-fastening elements 60 is detachable. In this way, individual side wall sections 103a can be detached and removed from the support structure. Sometimes the individual side wall sections 103a are also detachably connected to one another, for example by means of connecting elements 42 .
- a powder coating device 10 can now also be arranged on the support structure 111 .
- the powder coating device 10 also has a wall section 41 which, in terms of size and geometry, is largely identical to the previously removed in 15 Side wall section 103a shown in dashed lines is formed.
- the wall portion 41 of the powder coating apparatus 10 is substituted for the side wall portion 103a. At the same time, this makes it possible to arrange the powder reservoir 104 outside the coating chamber 102 and the electrode arrangement 12 inside the coating chamber 102 .
- individual counter-fastening elements 60 for example in the form of elongate fastening rails 62, on the inside of boundary walls 103, 105, 107 inside the coating chamber 102.
- individual counter-fastening elements 60 for example in the form of elongate fastening rails 62
- fastening rails 62 there are several horizontally extending fastening rails 62 arranged one above the other in relation to a vertical line, which enable a longitudinally displaceable, variable arrangement of individual powder coating devices 10 inside the coating chamber 102.
- FIGS 11 and 14 The representations of Figures 6 to 14 are greatly simplified and schematized. There are only the electrode assemblies 12 and powder reservoir 104 of respective powder coating devices 10 are shown. In accordance with the design 6 three powder coating devices 10 arranged one above the other in relation to the vertical are provided on opposite side wall sections 103, 105. These enable the formation of a comparatively elongated, vertically aligned coating area 100. In 7 only the left side wall section 103 is provided with three powder coating devices 10 arranged one above the other. In the horizontal direction perpendicular to the opposite side wall sections 105, the powder coating system 100 according to FIG Figures 7 to 9 also several powder coating devices 10 arranged one behind the other, as for example in FIGS 11 and 14 shown.
- a powder coating device 10 is arranged on opposite side wall sections 105 in each case. Viewed in the vertical direction, the respective electrode arrangements 12 are arranged at approximately the same height. They have a clearance between them that is less than the horizontal extent of the relevant electrode arrangements.
- a comparatively wide coating chamber 102 is provided in contrast to this. This has two adjacent collection areas 108 that taper downwards. An electrode arrangement 10 is located above each collecting area 108.
- a powder coating device 10 is arranged on opposite side wall sections 103, 105 in each case.
- at least one further powder coating device 10 is also arranged on an underside of a ceiling section 107 closing the chamber 102 towards the top.
- This has a two-part or saddle- or gable-shaped electrode arrangement 12 with two legs 12a, 12b. The legs 12a, 12b merge seamlessly into one another.
- each of the legs 12a, 12b is aligned slightly inclined downwards.
- Each of the legs 12a, 12b can have a substantially planar structure.
- the highest point of the electrode arrangement 12 which is typically arranged approximately centrally below the powder outlet 24 of the dosing device 14 in relation to the horizontal.
- the powder coating plant 100 is in 10 shown in front view. In 11 a corresponding side view is shown. There it can be seen that the powder coating devices provided in the area of the side wall sections 103, 105 extend over the entire length of the side wall sections 103, 105 and that two powder coating devices 10 spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction and horizontally are arranged on the ceiling section 107.
- the coating chamber 102 and consequently the entire powder coating system, is designed for continuous operation. It has a feed opening 130 for coating objects 70 and an outlet opening 132 for the coated objects 70 provided at an opposite end section of the coating chamber 102 .
- At least two or more powder coating devices 10 are arranged along the conveyor section 134 .
- the powder coating devices 10 are spaced apart from side wall sections 103, 105 on raised base sections 140 in the middle of the coating chamber 102.
- Collecting areas 108 for powder material 1 occurring in the coating process are provided between the raised base sections 140 .
- the collecting areas 108 are connected to a powder return line 110 in a powder-carrying manner.
- sluices not explicitly shown here, can be provided, by means of which a hermetic separation of the coating chamber 102 from the outside environment can be provided.
- powder coating system 100 allows a pressureless coating of elongated coating objects 70 in a continuous flow process at atmospheric pressure without the aid of compressed air or similar conveying media.
- the coating objects 70 are typically electrically grounded.
- the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures show a dosing device 14 which is provided with a movable slide, all exemplary embodiments can also be provided with an in 1 be provided metering device shown.
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Description
Die vorliegende Entwicklung betrifft eine Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung sowie eine hiermit ausgestattete Pulverbeschichtungsanlage, welche zum Beschichten von Objekten mit einem Pulver bzw. Pulverlack ausgestaltet sind. Die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung und die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage sind insbesondere für einen drucklosen Betrieb und insoweit zur Erzeugung einer sich ausdehnenden, etwa elektrostatisch aufgeladenen Pulverwolke ausgelegt, mittels derer eine Oberfläche von im Bereich der Pulverwolke befindlichen Objekte beschichtbar ist.The present development relates to a powder coating device and a powder coating system equipped with it, which are designed for coating objects with a powder or powder paint. The powder coating device and the powder coating system are designed in particular for pressureless operation and to that extent for generating an expanding, for example electrostatically charged powder cloud, by means of which a surface of objects located in the area of the powder cloud can be coated.
Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen sind im Stand der Technik hinlänglich bekannt und werden z. B. in
Bei derartigen Vorrichtungen ist es bislang üblich, eine für den jeweiligen Beschichtungsvorgang fest vorgegebene Pulvermenge in der Beschichtungskammer, beispielsweise am Boden der Beschichtungskammer, zu platzieren. Am Boden der Beschichtungskammer oder in ein Teilbereich hiervon ist die für die Erzeugung der Pulverwolke erforderliche Elektrodenanordnung vorgesehen. Die in der Beschichtungskammer eingeführte Pulvermenge muss hierbei möglichst exakt auf die zu beschichtende Oberfläche des Werkstücks abgestimmt sein. Sollen in verhältnismäßig kurz aufeinanderfolgenden Intervallen Werkstücke mit unterschiedlichen Oberflächen oder Formgebungen mit einer derartigen Anlage beschichtet werden, so stellt dies erhebliche Anforderungen an die korrekte Dosierung der für den jeweiligen Beschichtungsvorgang erforderlichen Pulvermenge.With devices of this type, it has hitherto been customary to place a fixed quantity of powder in the coating chamber, for example on the floor of the coating chamber, for the respective coating process. The electrode arrangement required for generating the powder cloud is provided on the floor of the coating chamber or in a partial area thereof. The amount of powder introduced into the coating chamber must be matched as precisely as possible to the surface of the workpiece to be coated. If workpieces with different surfaces or shapes are to be coated with such a system at relatively short intervals in succession, this places considerable demands on the correct dosing of the powder quantity required for the respective coating process.
Während des Beschichtungsvorgangs sind solche Pulverbeschichtungskammern geschlossen, um zum Einen die Ausbreitung der Pulverwolke in die Umgebung zu vermeiden und um zum Anderen externe Einflüsse auf den Pulverbeschichtungsprozess zu vermeiden. Die aufgrund der elektrostatischen Aufladung zu einer Pulverwolke aufgewirbelten oder entgegen der Schwerkraft aufsteigenden Pulverpartikel sinken in regelmäßigen Abständen schwerkraftbedingt auf die Elektrode ab. Dort erfahren sie eine erneute elektrostatische Aufladung, die wiederum ein Aufsteigen der betreffenden Pulverpartikel bewirkt. Während des Beschichtungsprozesses entsteht somit eine Art Kreislauf für die einzelnen Pulverpartikel, bis diese sich bestimmungsgemäß am zu beschichtenden Objekt niederschlagen.Such powder coating chambers are closed during the coating process, on the one hand to prevent the powder cloud from spreading into the environment and on the other hand to prevent external influences on the powder coating process. The powder particles, which are whirled up to form a cloud of powder due to the electrostatic charge or rise against the force of gravity, sink at regular intervals onto the electrode due to the force of gravity. There they experience a new electrostatic charge, which in turn causes the powder particles in question to rise. During the coating process, a kind of cycle is created for the individual powder particles until they are deposited on the object to be coated as intended.
Derartige Beschichtungsprozesse erfordern einen manuellen Taktbetrieb zum Beschichten einzelner Werkstücke im Innenraum der Beschichtungskammer. Das Pulver für den jeweiligen Beschichtungsprozess muss hierbei meist von einem Endanwender vor einem Beginn des Beschichtungsprozesses manuell in die Kammer eingebracht und zum Beispiel auch am Boden der Beschichtungskammer verteilt werden.Such coating processes require manual cycle operation for coating individual workpieces in the interior of the coating chamber. The powder for the respective coating process usually has to be introduced manually into the chamber by an end user before the start of the coating process and, for example, also distributed on the floor of the coating chamber.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt demgegenüber die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung und Pulverbeschichtungsanlage bereitzustellen, die einen Inline- oder Durchlaufbetrieb für zu beschichtende Objekte durch eine Beschichtungskammer ermöglichen, die eine besonders einfache und praktikable Handhabung für den Endanwender bereitstellen, die eine verbesserte Kontrolle des Beschichtungsprozesses, insbesondere während des Beschichtungsprozesses ermöglichen, die eine einfache und praktikable Pulverzufuhr bereitstellen und die ferner dazu geeignet sind, den Pulverbrauch zu verringern. Die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung und die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage sollen sich ferner durch eine an unterschiedlichste Beschichtungsanforderungen anpassbare variable Konfiguration auszeichnen.In contrast, the present invention is based on the object of providing an improved powder coating device and powder coating system that has in-line or continuous operation for objects to be coated through a coating chamber, which provide particularly simple and practical handling for the end user, which enable improved control of the coating process, in particular during the coating process, which provide simple and practical powder feed and which are also suitable for reducing powder consumption. The powder coating device and the powder coating system should also be characterized by a variable configuration that can be adapted to a wide variety of coating requirements.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einer Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung gemäß dem unabhängigen Patentanspruch 1 sowie mit einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage nach Patentanspruch 9 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind dabei jeweils Gegenstand abhängiger Patentansprüche.This object is achieved with a powder coating device according to
Insoweit ist eine Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung zur Pulverbeschichtung von Objekten vorgesehen. Die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung weist einen Grundkörper auf, an welchem eine zur Erzeugung einer Pulverwolke ausgestaltete Elektrodenanordnung angeordnet ist. An dem Grundkörper ist ferner eine Dosiereinrichtung angeordnet. Die Dosiereinrichtung ist dabei oberhalb der Elektrodenanordnung angeordnet. Oberhalb meint hier eine Anordnung bezüglich einer Vertikalen. Die Dosiereinrichtung ist dabei zur kontrollierten Abgabe einer Pulvermenge auf die darunterliegende Elektrodenanordnung ausgestaltet.In this regard, a powder coating device for powder coating objects is provided. The powder coating device has a base body on which an electrode arrangement designed to generate a powder cloud is arranged. A dosing device is also arranged on the base body. The dosing device is arranged above the electrode arrangement. Above here means an arrangement with respect to a vertical. The dosing device is designed for the controlled delivery of a quantity of powder onto the underlying electrode arrangement.
Die Dosiereinrichtung kann dabei zur luftdrucklosen Abgabe einer Pulvermenge auf die darunterliegende Elektrodenanordnung ausgestaltet sein. Die Abgabe auf die Elektrodenanordnung entweder direkt, durch freies Herabrieseln oder indirekt mittels Zufuhr über eine Art Rutsche oder Schütte erfolgen.The dosing device can be designed for the air pressure-free dispensing of a quantity of powder onto the underlying electrode arrangement. The delivery to the electrode arrangement can be effected either directly, by trickling down freely or indirectly by means of supply via a type of chute or chute.
Die Elektrodenanordnung und die Dosiereinrichtung sind an einem gemeinsamen Grundkörper angeordnet. Hierdurch kann die Position der Dosiereinrichtung relativ zur Elektrodenanordnung in definierter Art und Weise vorgegeben bzw. fixiert werden. Der Grundkörper und die zum Beispiel aus Grundkörper, Dosiereinrichtung und Elektrodenanordnung gebildete Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung ist alsdann konfigurierbar in einer Beschichtungskammer einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage anordenbar. Dies ermöglicht eine universelle und an unterschiedliche Beschichtungsvorgaben anpassbare, sowie an die jeweiligen Nutzervorgaben variabel anpassbare Konfiguration einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage. Die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage kann ferner auch umrüstbar, also nicht nur bei einer Erstmontage oder Fertigung sondern auch im Nachhinein, d.h. nach Inbetriebnahme jederzeit an unterschiedliche Prozessanforderungen konfigurierbar ausgestaltet sein. Das Bereitstellen einer kontrollierbaren Dosiereinrichtung ermöglicht es ferner, die Pulverzufuhr auf die Elektrodenanordnung einstellbar zu verändern. Es ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass die Dosiereinrichtung zur steuerbaren und veränderlichen, beispielsweise stufenlos veränderlichen Abgabe einer Pulvermenge auf die Elektrodenanordnung ausgestaltet ist. Insbesondere ist die Dosiereinrichtung von außen bzw. fernbedienbar ansteuerbar. Auf diese Art und Weise kann die Abgabe der Pulvermenge auf die Elektrodenanordnung auch während eines laufenden Beschichtungsprozesses und ohne externen Eingriff in die Beschichtungskammer den jeweils vorherrschenden Anforderungen variabel angepasst werden.The electrode arrangement and the dosing device are arranged on a common base body. As a result, the position of the dosing device relative to the electrode arrangement can be specified or fixed in a defined manner. The base body and, for example, the base body, dosing device The powder coating device formed by the powder coating device and the electrode arrangement can then be arranged in a configurable manner in a coating chamber of a powder coating system. This enables a universal configuration of a powder coating system that can be adapted to different coating specifications and variably adapted to the respective user specifications. Furthermore, the powder coating installation can also be converted so that it can be configured to different process requirements at any time, not only during initial assembly or production, but also afterwards, ie after commissioning. The provision of a controllable dosing device also makes it possible to change the powder supply to the electrode arrangement in an adjustable manner. In particular, it is provided that the dosing device is designed for the controllable and variable, for example infinitely variable, delivery of a quantity of powder onto the electrode arrangement. In particular, the dosing device can be controlled from the outside or remotely. In this way, the delivery of the amount of powder onto the electrode arrangement can also be variably adapted to the respectively prevailing requirements during an ongoing coating process and without external intervention in the coating chamber.
Dadurch dass der Grundkörper und somit die gesamte Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung variabel in oder an der Beschichtungskammer einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage positionierbar ist, können entsprechend der jeweiligen Anordnung und Positionierung sowie Ausrichtung der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung relativ zu dem zumindest einen im Inneren der Beschichtungskammer angeordneten Werkstück oder Objekt unterschiedlichste und den jeweiligen Beschichtungsanforderungen entsprechende Pulverwolken mit unterschiedlichster Geometrie und Partikeldichte erzeugt werden. Für unterschiedlichste Beschichtungsobjekte können somit jeweils unterschiedlichste und auf die jeweiligen Objekte abgestimmte Pulverwolken erzeugt werden.Since the base body and thus the entire powder coating device can be variably positioned in or on the coating chamber of a powder coating system, a wide variety of different coating requirements can be used in accordance with the respective arrangement and positioning as well as alignment of the powder coating device relative to the at least one workpiece or object arranged inside the coating chamber Powder clouds with different geometry and particle density can be generated. A wide variety of powder clouds tailored to the respective objects can thus be generated for a wide variety of coating objects.
Die Dosiereinrichtung der Elektrodenanordnung weist einen Pulverauslass auf. Da sich die Dosiereinrichtung oberhalb der Elektrodenanordnung befindet, kann das von der Dosiereinrichtung abgegebene Pulver unter Schwerkrafteinwirkung auf die Elektrodenanordnung gelangen. Ausgehend von der Elektrodenanordnung und der mittels der Elektrodenanordnung bereitgestellten elektrostatischen Aufladung kann alsdann eine sich, ohne Anwendung von Druckluft oder dergleichen Förder- oder Treibmedien, allein infolge der elektrostatischen Aufladung räumlich ausbreitende Pulverwolke gebildet werden.The dosing device of the electrode arrangement has a powder outlet. Since the dosing device is located above the electrode arrangement, the powder discharged from the dosing device can be below Gravity reach the electrode assembly. Starting from the electrode arrangement and the electrostatic charge provided by the electrode arrangement, a powder cloud can be formed that spreads spatially solely as a result of the electrostatic charge, without the use of compressed air or similar conveying or propelling media.
Die Dosiereinrichtung ist insbesondere dazu ausgelegt, die Abgabe der Pulvermenge pro Zeiteinheit zu regulieren und zu steuern. Auf diese Art und Weise kann die auf die Elektrodenanordnung gelangende bzw. von oben auftreffende Pulvermenge gezielt eingestellt werden. Hierzu kann auch eine Aufladespannung auf oder an der Elektrode variabel einstellbar oder steuerbar sein. Dementsprechend kann auch die räumliche Ausdehnung und Pulverdichte innerhalb der Pulverwolke bedarfsgerecht reguliert und gesteuert werden.The dosing device is designed in particular to regulate and control the delivery of the amount of powder per unit of time. In this way, the amount of powder reaching the electrode arrangement or impinging from above can be adjusted in a targeted manner. For this purpose, a charging voltage on or at the electrode can also be variably adjustable or controllable. Accordingly, the spatial extent and powder density within the powder cloud can also be regulated and controlled as required.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Dosiereinrichtung ein sich über den Pulverauslass erstreckendes Sieb auf. Dieses bewirkt ein besonders feinkörniges Aufbringen des Pulvers auf die darunterliegende Elektrodenanordnung. Etwaige Verklumpungen des Pulvers auf der Elektrodenanordnung können somit vermieden werden. Ferner wird durch Vorsehen eines sich über den Pulverauslass erstreckenden Siebs gewährleistet, dass eine geforderte Pulverpartikelgröße eingehalten wird. Das Sieb kann eine Maschenweite von weniger als 1 mm aufweisen. Das Sieb kann beispielsweise eine Maschenweite von 100 µm bis 1 mm aufweisen. Auch kann das Sieb eine Maschenweite von 200 µm bis 800 µm aufweisen. Weiterhin kann das Sieb eine Maschenweite von 500 µm bis 800 µm aufweisen. Typischerweise und von Vorteil ist die Maschenweite des Siebs auf das für den Beschichtungsprozess vorgesehene Pulver abgestimmt.According to a further embodiment, the dosing device has a sieve extending over the powder outlet. This causes a particularly fine-grained application of the powder to the underlying electrode arrangement. Any clumping of the powder on the electrode arrangement can thus be avoided. Furthermore, the provision of a sieve extending over the powder outlet ensures that a required powder particle size is maintained. The sieve can have a mesh size of less than 1 mm. The sieve can have a mesh size of 100 μm to 1 mm, for example. The sieve can also have a mesh size of 200 μm to 800 μm. Furthermore, the sieve can have a mesh size of 500 μm to 800 μm. Typically and advantageously, the mesh size of the sieve is matched to the powder intended for the coating process.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Dosiereinrichtung einen beweglich gelagerten Schieber mit zumindest einer Pulveraufnahme auf, mittels welcher jeweils eine der Größe der Pulveraufnahme entsprechende Pulvermenge portionsweise der Elektrodenanordnung zuführbar ist. Der Schieber kann beispielsweise zwischen einer Aufnahmestellung und einer Abgabestellung beweglich an der Dosiereinrichtung gelagert sein. In der Aufnahmestellung befindet sich die Pulveraufnahme typischerweise unterhalb einer Pulverzufuhr, beispielsweise am unteren Ende eines Zuführtrichters eines Pulverbehälters.According to a further embodiment, the dosing device has a movably mounted slide with at least one powder receptacle, by means of which a powder quantity corresponding to the size of the powder receptacle can be supplied in portions to the electrode arrangement. The slide can, for example, be movably mounted on the dosing device between a receiving position and a dispensing position. In the recording position is the Powder intake typically below a powder feed, for example at the bottom of a feed hopper of a powder container.
Mit dem in der Pulveraufnahme aufgenommenen Pulver ist der Schieber alsdann in eine Abgabestellung überführbar, in welcher die Pulveraufnahme nach unten hin geöffnet ist. Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, indem der Schieber in einen Bereich verlagert wird, in welchem die Pulveraufnahme seitlich von einem Gehäuse der Dosiereinrichtung hervorsteht oder in welchem ein unterhalb der Pulveraufnahme liegender Boden der Dosiereinrichtung eine der Pulveraufnahme entsprechende Durchgangsöffnung aufweist. Auf diese Art und Weise kann das zuvor in der Pulveraufnahme aufgenommene Pulver nach unten und somit auf die Elektrodenanordnung abgegeben werden. So kann die Pulveraufnahme beispielsweise eine den Schieber in der Vertikalen durchsetzende Durchgangsöffnung aufweisen, welche in der Aufnahmestellung nach unten hin verschlossen ist und welche in der Abgabestellung nach unten hin geöffnet ist.With the powder received in the powder receptacle, the slide can then be transferred into a delivery position in which the powder receptacle is open at the bottom. This can be done, for example, by moving the slide to an area in which the powder receptacle protrudes laterally from a housing of the dosing device or in which a bottom of the dosing device located below the powder receptacle has a through-opening corresponding to the powder receptacle. In this way, the powder previously taken up in the powder receptacle can be discharged downwards and thus onto the electrode arrangement. For example, the powder receptacle can have a through-opening that penetrates the slide vertically, which is closed at the bottom in the receiving position and which is open at the bottom in the dispensing position.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die Dosiereinrichtung mit einem Pulvervorrat pulverführend verbunden. Die Dosiereinrichtung kann beispielsweise an einem unteren Ende eines Pulvervorratsbehälters angeordnet sein. Im Inneren des Pulvervorratsbehälters befindet sich der Pulvervorrat. Schwerkraftbedingt kann das Pulver bzw. der Pulvervorrat aus dem Vorratsbehälter in die Dosiereinrichtung gelangen, sodass sie über den Auslass der Dosiereinrichtung der Elektrodenanordnung zuführbar ist.According to a further embodiment, the dosing device is connected in a powder-carrying manner to a powder supply. The dosing device can be arranged, for example, at a lower end of a powder storage container. The powder supply is located inside the powder storage container. Due to the force of gravity, the powder or the powder supply can get from the storage container into the dosing device, so that it can be fed to the electrode arrangement via the outlet of the dosing device.
Der Pulvervorrat kann am Grundkörper der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung angeordnet sein. Er kann auch zur Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung gehören. Es ist aber auch denkbar, dass der Pulvervorrat außerhalb der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung, ggf. auch außerhalb einer Beschichtungskammer einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage angeordnet ist. Der Pulvervorrat kann beispielsweise über eine pulverführende Leitung mit der Dosiereinrichtung pulverführend verbunden sein. Dies ermöglicht es, den Pulvervorrat bzw. einen Pulvervorratsbehälter an einer besonders günstigen oder beliebigen Stelle der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage anzuordnen, welche sich insbesondere für ein Nachfüllen von Pulver eignet.The powder supply can be arranged on the base body of the powder coating device. It can also belong to the powder coating device. However, it is also conceivable that the powder supply is arranged outside of the powder coating device, possibly also outside of a coating chamber of a powder coating system. The powder supply can be connected in a powder-carrying manner to the dosing device, for example via a powder-carrying line. This makes it possible to arrange the powder supply or a powder storage container at a particularly favorable or any point of the powder coating system, which is particularly suitable for powder refilling.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Dosiereinrichtung einen elektrisch ansteuerbaren Geber auf. Mittels des Gebers ist eine Zufuhr einer Pulvermenge pro Zeiteinheit zur Elektrodenanordnung variabel einstellbar. Sie kann beispielsweise in diskreten Schritten aber auch stufenlos einstellbar sein. Je nach Ausgestaltung der Dosiereinrichtung wirkt der Geber mechanisch mit dem Sieb oder mit dem Schieber der Dosiereinrichtung zusammen. Der Geber kann beispielsweise einen Kurbelantrieb aufweisen, mittels welchem der Schieber in eine Longitudinalrichtung reversibel, das heißt vor und zurück bewegbar ist. Der Schieber kann insbesondere über ein Pleuel mit einem Kurbeltrieb verbunden sein und entlang einer Längsführung der Dosiereinrichtung längsverschieblich geführt sein.According to a further embodiment, the dosing device has an electrically controllable transmitter. The supply of a quantity of powder per unit of time to the electrode arrangement can be variably adjusted by means of the transmitter. You can, for example, be adjustable in discrete steps but also continuously. Depending on the configuration of the dosing device, the transmitter interacts mechanically with the sieve or with the slide of the dosing device. The encoder can have a crank drive, for example, by means of which the slide can be moved in a reversible, that is to say backwards and forwards, direction in a longitudinal direction. In particular, the slide can be connected to a crank drive via a connecting rod and can be guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner along a longitudinal guide of the dosing device.
Sofern die Dosiereinrichtung ein Sieb aufweist, ist ferner denkbar, das Sieb beweglich gegenüber einer Pulverzufuhr bzw. dem Pulvervorrat zu lagern. Der elektrisch ansteuerbare Geber kann hierbei zum Beispiel dazu ausgestaltet sein, seitlich an das Sieb anzuschlagen und dieses regelmäßig mit Stoßkräften oder mechanischen Pulsen zu beaufschlagen, damit eine definierte Pulvermenge vom Sieb nach unten, über den Pulverauslass abgegeben wird. Der Geber kann hierbei ebenfalls einen mit einem Pleuel versehenen Kurbeltrieb aufweisen. Es ist aber auch denkbar, einen magnetisch aktivierbaren Geber, beispielsweise in Form eines elektrisch ansteuerbaren Hubmagnets oder eines Linearmotors zu implementieren. Durch entsprechende Beaufschlagung mit einem elektrischen Strom kann beispielsweise ein verschiebbar in einem Elektromagnet gelagerter Kolben vor und zurück bewegt werden, sodass dieser seitlich am Sieb des Pulverauslasses anschlägt.If the dosing device has a sieve, it is also conceivable to mount the sieve so that it can move with respect to a powder supply or the powder supply. The electrically controllable transmitter can be designed here, for example, to hit the side of the sieve and to regularly apply impact forces or mechanical pulses to it so that a defined quantity of powder is discharged downwards from the sieve via the powder outlet. The encoder can also have a crank mechanism provided with a connecting rod. However, it is also conceivable to implement a magnetically activatable encoder, for example in the form of an electrically controllable lifting magnet or a linear motor. Appropriate application of an electric current can, for example, move a piston mounted displaceably in an electromagnet back and forth so that it strikes the side of the sieve of the powder outlet.
Die Frequenz und/oder die Amplitude des mit dem Sieb oder mit dem Schieber zusammenwirkenden Gebers kann typischerweise mittels einer Steuerung der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung variabel bzw. auch stufenlos verändert werden. Auf diese Art und Weise kann die von der Dosiereinrichtung abgegebene Pulvermenge pro Zeiteinheit gezielt und auch während des Beschichtungsvorgangs variabel sowie ferngesteuert modifiziert und eingestellt werden.The frequency and/or the amplitude of the transmitter interacting with the screen or with the slide can typically be changed variably or even steplessly by means of a control of the powder coating device. In this way, the amount of powder delivered by the dosing device per unit of time can be modified and adjusted in a targeted manner and also variably and remotely during the coating process.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die Elektrodenanordnung gegenüber einer Horizontalen geneigt ausgerichtet. Die Elektrodenanordnung kann typischerweise eine ebene Elektrode mit einer vorgegebenen Flächenausdehnung aufweisen. Die Elektrodenanordnung kann insbesondere eine rechteckige oder quadratische Kontur aufweisen. Sie kann mit ihrer Flächennormalen typischerweise in einem Winkelbereich von 0° bis 45° gegenüber der Vertikalen geneigt ausgerichtet sein. Befindet sich die Elektrodenanordnung in einer gegenüber der Horizontalen geneigten Ausrichtung weist sie zumindest einen bezogen auf die Vertikale obenliegenden Bereich und zumindest einen untenliegenden Bereich auf.According to a further embodiment, the electrode arrangement is aligned at an incline with respect to a horizontal line. The electrode arrangement can typically have a flat electrode with a predetermined surface area. The electrode arrangement can in particular have a rectangular or square contour. With its surface normal, it can typically be aligned at an angle of 0° to 45° with respect to the vertical. If the electrode arrangement is in an orientation inclined relative to the horizontal, it has at least one region at the top and at least one region at the bottom relative to the vertical.
Typischerweise ist hierbei vorgesehen, dass der obenliegende Bereich der Elektrodenanordnung bei geneigter Anordnung im Vergleich zum untenliegenden Bereich einen geringeren horizontalen Abstand zur Dosiereinrichtung aufweist. Mit anderen Worten ist der obenliegende Bereich der Elektrodenanordnung, horizontal betrachtet, näher am Pulverauslass der Dosiereinrichtung angeordnet als dies für den untenliegenden Bereich der Elektrodenanordnung der Fall ist. Auf diese Art und Weise kann erreicht werden, dass das vom Pulverauslass abgegebene Pulver auf den obenliegenden Bereich der Elektrodenanordnung auftrifft und im Zuge der Erzeugung der Pulverwolke, bzw. bei einem schwerkraftbedingten Absinken aus der Pulverwolke erneut auf der Elektrodenanordnung landet. Pulverpartikel, die während des Beschichtungsprozesses mehrfach elektrostatisch aufgeladen und mehrfach auf die Elektrodenanordnung schwerkraftbedingt herabsinken, erfahren eine Horizontalbewegung hin zum untenliegenden Bereich der Elektrodenanordnung. Eine nach unten, der Dosiereinrichtung abgewandte Neigung der Elektrodenanordnung bewirkt somit eine gewisse Pulverbewegung auf der Elektrodenanordnung.In this case, it is typically provided that the upper area of the electrode arrangement, in the case of an inclined arrangement, has a smaller horizontal distance to the dosing device in comparison to the lower area. In other words, the upper area of the electrode arrangement, viewed horizontally, is arranged closer to the powder outlet of the dosing device than is the case for the lower area of the electrode arrangement. In this way it can be achieved that the powder discharged from the powder outlet hits the upper area of the electrode arrangement and lands again on the electrode arrangement in the course of the generation of the powder cloud or when it falls out of the powder cloud due to gravity. Powder particles, which are electrostatically charged several times during the coating process and repeatedly sink down onto the electrode arrangement due to the force of gravity, experience a horizontal movement towards the area of the electrode arrangement lying below. A downward inclination of the electrode arrangement facing away from the dosing device thus causes a certain powder movement on the electrode arrangement.
Bei einer für den jeweiligen Beschichtungsvorgang korrekt eingestellten Pulverabgabe der Dosiereinrichtung auf die Elektrodenanordnung kann auf diese Art und Weise eine während des Beschichtungsprozesses gleichbleibende, möglichst homogene Verteilung des Pulvers auf der Fläche der Elektrode erreicht werden. Dies ist für eine räumlich homogene und zeitlich stabile Erzeugung der Pulverwolke von Vorteil. Bei Bedarf kann auch eine zeitlich veränderliche und/oder räumlich inhomogene Pulverwolke erzeugt werden.If the powder delivery of the dosing device to the electrode arrangement is set correctly for the respective coating process, a constant and as homogeneous as possible distribution of the powder on the surface of the electrode can be achieved in this way during the coating process. This is advantageous for a spatially homogeneous and temporally stable generation of the powder cloud. If necessary, a temporally variable and/or spatially inhomogeneous powder cloud can also be generated.
Es ist nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung insbesondere vorgesehen, dass die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung oberhalb eines Bodens der Beschichtungskammer der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage angeordnet ist. Somit befindet sich der untenliegende Bereich der Elektrodenanordnung oberhalb des Bodens der Beschichtungskammer. Bei geneigter Ausrichtung der Elektrodenanordnung wird in Kauf genommen, dass eine gewisse Pulvermenge vom untenliegenden Bereich der Elektrodenanordnung auf den Boden der Beschichtungskammer herabrieselt und somit dem Pulverbeschichtungsprozess entzogen wird. Dies ist für den Pulverbeschichtungsprozess jedoch keineswegs von Nachteil, da mittels der Dosiereinrichtung jederzeit eine erforderliche Pulvermenge dem Beschichtungsprozess zuführbar ist.According to a further embodiment, provision is made in particular for the powder coating device to be arranged above a floor of the coating chamber of the powder coating system. Thus, the underlying portion of the electrode assembly is above the floor of the coating chamber. With an inclined orientation of the electrode arrangement, it is accepted that a certain amount of powder will trickle down from the underlying area of the electrode arrangement onto the floor of the coating chamber and will thus be withdrawn from the powder coating process. However, this is by no means a disadvantage for the powder coating process, since a required quantity of powder can be supplied to the coating process at any time by means of the dosing device.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die Elektrodenanordnung schwenkbar oder variabel veränderlich am Grundkörper angeordnet. Die schwenkbare Anordnung, insbesondere bezüglich einer horizontal verlaufenden Schwenkachse, ermöglicht eine variable und den entsprechenden Beschichtungsvorgaben entsprechende veränderliche bzw. justierbare Ausrichtung der Elektrodenanordnung gegenüber der Horizontalen. Die Elektrodenanordnung ist hierbei in jedweder einnehmbaren geneigten Ausrichtung am Grundkörper fixierbar. Durch eine variabel einstellbare Ausrichtung bzw. Neigung der Elektrodenanordnung kann je nach zugeführter Pulvermenge die Partikeldichte in der Pulverwolke als auch die räumliche Ausdehnung der Pulverwolke sowie die Homogenität der Pulververteilung über die Fläche der Elektrodenanordnung gezielt eingestellt werden.According to a further embodiment, the electrode arrangement is arranged on the base body so that it can be pivoted or variably changed. The pivotable arrangement, in particular with respect to a horizontally running pivot axis, enables a variable and variable or adjustable alignment of the electrode arrangement with respect to the horizontal, corresponding to the corresponding coating specifications. In this case, the electrode arrangement can be fixed in any acceptable inclined orientation on the base body. The particle density in the powder cloud and the spatial expansion of the powder cloud as well as the homogeneity of the powder distribution over the surface of the electrode arrangement can be adjusted in a targeted manner by means of a variably adjustable alignment or inclination of the electrode arrangement, depending on the amount of powder supplied.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist an dem Grundkörper zumindest ein Befestigungselement vorgesehen, welches zur Bildung einer lösbaren Befestigung mit einem korrespondierenden, in einer Beschichtungskammer einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage vorgesehenen Gegenbefestigungselement ausgestaltet ist. Mittels des zumindest einen Befestigungselements, vorzugsweise mittels mehreren Befestigungselementen, kann der Grundkörper und damit die gesamte Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung an hierfür vorgesehenen und mit entsprechenden Gegenbefestigungselementen versehenen Stellen in oder an der Beschichtungskammer der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage variabel angeordnet werden.According to a further embodiment, at least one fastening element is provided on the base body, which is designed to form a detachable fastening with a corresponding counter-fastening element provided in a coating chamber of a powder coating system. By means of the at least one fastening element, preferably by means of several fastening elements, the base body and thus the entire powder coating device can be variably arranged at points provided for this purpose and provided with corresponding counter-fastening elements in or on the coating chamber of the powder coating system.
Es ist insbesondere denkbar, dass seitens der Beschichtungskammer oder der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage eine Vielzahl an Gegenbefestigungselementen bereitgestellt ist, die eine variable und veränderliche Anordnung der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung an unterschiedlichen Stellen in oder an der Beschichtungskammer ermöglichen. Auf diese Art und Weise kann eine Pulverbeschichtungsanlage variabel umgerüstet und für unterschiedlichste Beschichtungsprozesse konfiguriert werden.In particular, it is conceivable for the coating chamber or the powder coating system to provide a large number of counter-fastening elements, which enable a variable and changeable arrangement of the powder coating device at different points in or on the coating chamber. In this way, a powder coating system can be variably converted and configured for a wide variety of coating processes.
Des Weiteren ist denkbar, mehrere der zuvor beschriebenen Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen in einer Beschichtungskammer anzuordnen. So können beispielsweise zwei oder mehrere Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen mit ihren jeweiligen Grundkörpern oder Trägern zum Beispiel an gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden der Beschichtungskammer angeordnet werden, sodass ein zu beschichtendes Werkstück oder Objekt beispielsweise zwischen zwei gegenüberliegenden Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen im Inneren der Beschichtungskammer anordenbar ist.Furthermore, it is conceivable to arrange several of the powder coating devices described above in a coating chamber. For example, two or more powder coating devices with their respective base bodies or carriers can be arranged, for example, on opposite side walls of the coating chamber, so that a workpiece or object to be coated can be arranged, for example, between two opposite powder coating devices inside the coating chamber.
Die Verwendung mehrerer Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen und/oder die variable Anordenbarkeit der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen im Inneren der Beschichtungskammer ermöglichen ferner einen Inline- bzw. Durchlaufbetrieb von zu beschichtenden Werkstücken oder Objekten durch die Beschichtungskammer. Die Dosiereinrichtung ermöglicht eine kontinuierliche Nachfuhr von pulverförmigem Beschichtungsmaterial, sodass der Beschichtungsvorgang zum Zwecke der Pulvernachfuhr nicht unterbrochen werden muss. Dies ermöglicht einen stabilen und kontrollierbaren Langzeit- sowie Durchlaufbetrieb einer Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung bzw. einer hiermit ausgestatteten Pulverbeschichtungsanlage. Die Fertigungsrationalität zur Beschichtung einzelner Objekte oder Werkstücke kann auf diese Art und Weise gesteigert werden. Taktzeiten können verkürzt werden.The use of a plurality of powder coating devices and/or the variable arrangement of the powder coating devices inside the coating chamber also enable inline or continuous operation of workpieces or objects to be coated through the coating chamber. The dosing device enables powdered coating material to be continuously replenished, so that the coating process does not have to be interrupted for the purpose of powder replenishment. This enables stable and controllable long-term and continuous operation of a powder coating device or a powder coating system equipped with it. The production rationality for coating individual objects or workpieces can be increased in this way. Cycle times can be shortened.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist an dem Grundkörper der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung zumindest ein Wandabschnitt angeordnet. Dieser ist in eine Begrenzungswand einer Beschichtungskammer einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage integrierbar. Mittels des am Grundkörper angeordneten Wandabschnitts können beispielsweise hiermit korrespondierend ausgestaltete Wandabschnitte einer Begrenzungswand oder auch eine gesamte Begrenzungswand einer Beschichtungskammer substituiert werden.According to a further embodiment, at least one wall section is arranged on the base body of the powder coating device. This is in a boundary wall of a coating chamber Powder coating system can be integrated. By means of the wall section arranged on the base body, for example, wall sections of a boundary wall configured correspondingly herewith or also an entire boundary wall of a coating chamber can be substituted.
So ist es grundsätzlich denkbar, die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung nicht nur im Inneren und damit an einer Innenseite einer Begrenzungswand der Beschichtungskammer einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage anzuordnen, sondern eine modular aufgebaute Beschichtungskammer bereitzustellen, die zumindest eine Begrenzungswand oder einen Wandabschnitt hiervon aufweist, der abnehmbar und aus der Kammer entfernbar ist. Alsdann kann die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung mit ihrem am Grundkörper vorgesehenen Wandabschnitt den herausgenommenen und aus der Kammer entfernten Wandabschnitt oder eine entsprechende Begrenzungswand substituieren und ersetzen. Auf diese Art und Weise kann die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung als Modul einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage ausgestaltet werden, welches zur Bildung einer Beschichtungskammer beiträgt.In principle, it is conceivable not only to arrange the powder coating device inside and thus on an inside of a boundary wall of the coating chamber of a powder coating system, but also to provide a modularly constructed coating chamber that has at least one boundary wall or a wall section thereof that can be removed and removed from the chamber . Then the powder coating device with its wall section provided on the base body can substitute and replace the wall section removed and removed from the chamber or a corresponding boundary wall. In this way, the powder coating device can be designed as a module of a powder coating system, which contributes to the formation of a coating chamber.
Ohnehin kann die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung eine aus Grundkörper, Dosiereinrichtung und Elektrodenanordnung gebildete Baueinheit aufweisen, die flexibel und variabel in oder an einer Beschichtungskammer einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage lösbar anordenbar ist.In any case, the powder coating device can have a structural unit formed from a base body, dosing device and electrode arrangement, which can be arranged flexibly and variably in or on a coating chamber of a powder coating system in a detachable manner.
Nach einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ferner eine Pulverbeschichtungsanlage zur Pulverbeschichtung von Objekten. Die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage weist eine Beschichtungskammer und einen Pulvervorratsbehälter sowie zumindest eine zuvor beschriebene Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung auf. Diese ist in oder an der Beschichtungskammer variabel positionierbar. Der Pulvervorratsbehälter kann sich im Inneren aber auch außerhalb der Beschichtungskammer befinden. Insbesondere wenn die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung mit einem Wandabschnitt zur Substitution einer Begrenzungswand oder eines hiermit korrespondierenden Abschnitts einer Begrenzungswand der Beschichtungskammer ausgestaltet ist, kann vorgesehen sein, einen Pulvervorrat bzw. Pulvervorratsbehälter außerhalb einer Außenseite oder an einer Außenseite des Wandabschnitts anzuordnen und die Dosiereinrichtung, zumindest aber deren Pulverauslass an einer Innenseite des Wandabschnitts anzuordnen.According to a further aspect, the invention also relates to a powder coating system for powder coating objects. The powder coating installation has a coating chamber and a powder reservoir as well as at least one powder coating device as described above. This can be variably positioned in or on the coating chamber. The powder reservoir can be inside but also outside of the coating chamber. In particular, if the powder coating device is designed with a wall section for replacing a boundary wall or a section of a boundary wall of the coating chamber that corresponds thereto, provision can be made for arranging a powder supply or powder reservoir outside or on an outside of the wall section and the dosing device, but at least to arrange the powder outlet on an inside of the wall section.
Die Elektrodenanordnung befindet sich an einer Innenseite des Wandabschnitts oder beabstandet hiervon innerhalb der Beschichtungskammer. Auf diese Art und Weise kann die als Beschichtungsmodul ausgestaltete Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung bei bestimmungsgemäßer Anordnung an der Beschichtungskammer eine Begrenzungswand der Beschichtungskammer bilden oder zur Bildung einer Begrenzungswand der Beschichtungskammer beitragen.The electrode assembly is located on or spaced from an inside of the wall portion within the coating chamber. In this way, the powder coating device designed as a coating module can form a boundary wall of the coating chamber or contribute to the formation of a boundary wall of the coating chamber when arranged as intended on the coating chamber.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Beschichtungskammer einen Kammerboden auf, welcher zumindest abschnittsweise einen sich trichterförmig nach unten hin verjüngenden Sammelbereich für Pulvermaterial aufweist. Der Kammerboden kann beispielsweise V-förmig ausgestaltet sein. Er kann aber auch eine sich trapezförmig oder pyramidenförmig nach unten zuspitzende Verjüngung aufweisen. Ein zumindest abschnittsweise geneigter Kammerboden eignet sich zum Sammeln von überschüssigem, beispielsweise vom untenliegenden Bereich der Elektrodenanordnung herabrieselndem Pulver.According to a further embodiment, the coating chamber has a chamber floor which, at least in sections, has a funnel-shaped, downward-tapering collecting area for powder material. The chamber floor can be V-shaped, for example. However, it can also taper downwards in a trapezoidal or pyramidal manner. A chamber floor that is inclined at least in sections is suitable for collecting excess powder, for example powder trickling down from the region of the electrode arrangement located below.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage mit einer Pulverrückführung ausgestattet, welche mit einem Endabschnitt mit dem Sammelbereich des Kammerbodens pulverführend verbunden ist und welche mit einem gegenüberliegenden Endabschnitt pulverführend mit dem Pulvervorratsbehälter verbunden ist. Auf diese Art und Weise kann das sich am Boden der Beschichtungskammer ansammelnde Pulvermaterial in den Pulvervorratsbehälter zurückgeführt werden. Der Verbrauch an Pulvermaterial kann auf diese Art und Weise gesenkt und Prozesskosten können reduziert werden.According to a further embodiment, the powder coating system is equipped with a powder return system, one end section of which is connected in a powder-carrying manner to the collection area of the chamber floor and which is connected in a powder-carrying manner to the powder reservoir with an opposite end section. In this way, the powder material that accumulates at the bottom of the coating chamber can be returned to the powder storage container. In this way, the consumption of powder material can be lowered and process costs can be reduced.
Die Pulverrückführung kann eine Schlauch- oder Rohrverbindung aufweisen, welche sich vom Auslass des Sammelbereichs bis zu einem Einlass des Pulvervorratsbehälters erstreckt. Der Pulvertransport über die Pulverrückführung kann beispielsweise mittels eines Gebläses oder durch Absaugung erfolgen. Das Gebläse oder die Absaugung können hierbei hermetisch vom Innenraum der Beschichtungskammer abgetrennt sein, sodass durch das Gebläse oder durch die Absaugung die Ausbreitung der Pulverwolke im Inneren der Beschichtungskammer nicht oder nur unmerklich beeinflusst wird.The powder return can have a hose or pipe connection which extends from the outlet of the collecting area to an inlet of the powder storage container. The powder transport via the powder return can take place, for example, by means of a blower or by suction. The blower or the suction can be hermetically separated from the interior of the coating chamber, so that the blower or the Extraction the spread of the powder cloud inside the coating chamber is not affected or only imperceptibly.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Pulverrückführung einen Zwischenvorratsbehälter auf. Der Zwischenvorratsbehälter kann insbesondere zwischen dem Sammelbereich und dem Pulvervorratsbehälter angeordnet sein. Mittels des Zwischenvorratsbehälters kann eine Entnahme von Pulvermaterial vom Sammelbereich von einer Zufuhr von Pulvermaterial zum Pulvervorratsbehälter entkoppelt werden. Mittels des Zwischenvorratsbehälters kann eine Entnahme von Pulvermaterial aus dem Sammelbereich weitaus öfter als eine Zufuhr von Pulvermaterial in den Pulvervorratsbehälter erfolgen. Zudem kann mittels des Zwischenvorratsbehälters die Pulveraufnahmekapazität der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage gesteigert werden.According to a further embodiment, the powder return has an intermediate storage container. The intermediate storage container can be arranged in particular between the collection area and the powder storage container. By means of the intermediate storage container, a removal of powder material from the collection area can be decoupled from a supply of powder material to the powder storage container. By means of the intermediate storage container, powder material can be removed from the collection area much more often than powder material can be fed into the powder storage container. In addition, the powder absorption capacity of the powder coating system can be increased by means of the intermediate storage container.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage an oder in der Beschichtungskammer mehrere Gegenbefestigungselemente für eine variable Anordnung einer oder mehrerer zuvor beschriebener Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen auf. Es ist ferner denkbar, dass die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage eine außerhalb der Beschichtungskammer angeordnete Tragstruktur für die Beschichtungskammer aufweist. Auf diese Art und Weise kann die Beschichtungskammer selbst an der Tragstruktur befestigt werden. Ferner ermöglicht die Tragstruktur, beispielsweise in Form eines Trägergerüsts, einen modularen Aufbau der Beschichtungskammer. Einzelne Begrenzungswände oder Wandabschnitte der Beschichtungskammer können separat und unabhängig voneinander an der Trägerstruktur angeordnet werden.According to a further embodiment, the powder coating system has a number of counter-fastening elements on or in the coating chamber for a variable arrangement of one or more powder coating devices described above. It is also conceivable that the powder coating system has a support structure for the coating chamber, which is arranged outside of the coating chamber. In this way, the coating chamber itself can be attached to the support structure. Furthermore, the support structure, for example in the form of a support framework, enables a modular construction of the coating chamber. Individual boundary walls or wall sections of the coating chamber can be arranged separately and independently of one another on the support structure.
Zumindest eine Begrenzungswand oder ein Wandabschnitt hiervon kann ähnlich oder identisch dem Grundkörper der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung zumindest eine oder mehrere Befestigungselemente aufweisen. Die Trägerstruktur kann dementsprechende und hiermit korrespondierende Gegenbefestigungselemente aufweisen. Somit können an der Trägerstruktur entweder einzelne Begrenzungswände oder Wandabschnitte der Beschichtungskammer der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage und/oder einzelne Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen, welche jeweils mit Wandabschnitten ausgestaltet sind, angeordnet werden. Auf diese Art und Weise können einzelne Begrenzungswände der Beschichtungskammer oder einzelne Wandabschnitte hiervon durch Wandabschnitte einer Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung substituiert werden.At least one boundary wall or a wall section thereof can have at least one or more fastening elements similar or identical to the main body of the powder coating device. The support structure can have counter-fastening elements corresponding thereto and corresponding thereto. Thus, either individual boundary walls or wall sections of the coating chamber of the powder coating installation and/or individual powder coating devices, which are each configured with wall sections, can be arranged on the support structure. To this In this way, individual boundary walls of the coating chamber or individual wall sections thereof can be substituted by wall sections of a powder coating device.
Dies ermöglicht einen modularen Aufbau der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage, welche auf diese Art und Weise vergleichsweise einfach und zügig an unterschiedliche Beschichtungsanforderungen anpassbar ist.This enables a modular construction of the powder coating system, which in this way can be adapted to different coating requirements in a comparatively simple and rapid manner.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weisen die Gegenbefestigungselemente, welche entweder an der Trägerstruktur oder an oder in der Beschichtungskammer angeordnet sind, zumindest eine oder mehrere längserstreckte Befestigungsschienen auf. Befestigungsschienen ermöglichen eine variable, ggf. stufenlose räumliche Positionierung der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung im Inneren der Beschichtungskammer. Die zumindest eine oder mehrere Befestigungsschienen können hierbei horizontal, vertikal oder auch unter einem vorgegebenen Winkel gegenüber der Horizontalen geneigt ausgerichtet sein. Es ist ferner denkbar, einzelne, zum Beispiel horizontal verlaufende Befestigungsschienen wiederum an vertikal verlaufenden Befestigungsschienen verschiebbar anzuordnen. Auf diese Art und Weise kann eine zweidimensional beliebige, ggf. stufenlose Positionierbarkeit für die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung in oder an der Beschichtungskammer bereitgestellt werden.According to a further embodiment, the counter-fastening elements, which are arranged either on the support structure or on or in the coating chamber, have at least one or more elongate fastening rails. Fastening rails enable variable, if necessary stepless, spatial positioning of the powder coating device inside the coating chamber. The at least one or more fastening rails can be aligned horizontally, vertically or inclined at a predetermined angle to the horizontal. It is also conceivable to displace individual, for example, horizontally running mounting rails on vertically running mounting rails. In this way, any two-dimensional, optionally stepless positionability can be provided for the powder coating device in or on the coating chamber.
Nach einer Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage zumindest zwei oder mehr der zuvor beschriebenen Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen aufweist. Diese sind, bezogen auf eine Vertikale übereinander in der Beschichtungskammer angeordnet.According to one embodiment, it is provided that the powder coating system has at least two or more of the powder coating devices described above. These are arranged one above the other in the coating chamber in relation to a vertical line.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage zumindest zwei oder mehr der zuvor beschriebenen Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen auf, die, bezogen auf eine Horizontale hintereinander oder nebeneinander in der Beschichtungskammer angeordnet sind.According to a further embodiment, the powder coating system has at least two or more of the powder coating devices described above, which are arranged one behind the other or next to one another in the coating chamber in relation to a horizontal line.
Ferner ist denkbar, dass an gegenüberliegenden Seitenwandabschnitten der Beschichtungskammer jeweils zumindest eine oder mehrere der zuvor beschriebenen Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen angeordnet ist bzw. angeordnet sind. Auch ist denkbar, dass nicht nur an gegenüberliegenden, sondern auch an aneinander angrenzenden Seitenwandabschnitten der Beschichtungskammer jeweils zumindest eine oder mehrere zuvor beschriebene Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen, bzw. entsprechende Beschichtungsmodule angeordnet sind.It is also conceivable that on opposite side wall sections of the coating chamber in each case at least one or more of the above described powder coating devices is arranged or are arranged. It is also conceivable that at least one or more previously described powder coating devices or corresponding coating modules are arranged not only on opposite side wall sections of the coating chamber, but also on adjacent side wall sections.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist ferner vorgesehen, dass zumindest eine der zuvor beschriebenen Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen an einem Deckenabschnitt der Beschichtungskammer angeordnet ist.According to a further embodiment, it is also provided that at least one of the powder coating devices described above is arranged on a ceiling section of the coating chamber.
Die lösbare Anordnung der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung an oder in einer Beschichtungskammer ermöglicht eine Vielzahl unterschiedlichster Konfigurationen hinsichtlich der Anzahl, der Positionierung, des Abstandes und der Ausrichtung einzelner Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen oder Beschichtungsmodule in oder an einer Beschichtungskammer einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage. Somit können für die Beschichtung unterschiedlichste Werkstücke und Objekte jeweils unterschiedliche Pulverwolken erzeugt werden, die für die Beschichtung der Werkstücke eine jeweils möglichst optimale Formgebung und/oder Partikeldichte aufweisen.The detachable arrangement of the powder coating device on or in a coating chamber enables a large number of different configurations with regard to the number, positioning, spacing and alignment of individual powder coating devices or coating modules in or on a coating chamber of a powder coating system. Thus, different powder clouds can be generated for the coating of a wide variety of workpieces and objects, each of which has the best possible shape and/or particle density for the coating of the workpieces.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage zumindest eine Begrenzungswand oder einen der Begrenzungswand zugehörigen Wandungsabschnitt auf, welcher von der Beschichtungskammer lösbar und durch einen Wandabschnitt einer zuvor beschriebenen Beschichtungsvorrichtung substituierbar ist. Die Begrenzungswand und/oder ein der betreffenden Begrenzungswand zugehöriger Wandungsabschnitt kann beispielsweise an einer Trägerstruktur angeordnet sein, die sich außerhalb der Beschichtungskammer befindet. Die Trägerstruktur und die Begrenzungswand bzw. der Wandungsabschnitt können aufeinander abgestimmte Befestigungselemente und Gegenbefestigungselemente aufweisen, die zum Beispiel einer gewissen geometrischen Normung unterliegen.According to a further embodiment, the powder coating system has at least one boundary wall or a wall section associated with the boundary wall, which can be detached from the coating chamber and substituted by a wall section of a previously described coating device. The boundary wall and/or a wall section associated with the relevant boundary wall can be arranged, for example, on a support structure that is located outside the coating chamber. The carrier structure and the boundary wall or the wall section can have fastening elements and counter-fastening elements that are coordinated with one another and are subject to a certain geometric standardization, for example.
Die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung, insbesondere die an ihr vorgesehenen Befestigungselemente können mit den am Träger vorgesehenen Gegenbefestigungselementen korrespondieren, sodass eine Begrenzungswand oder ein der Begrenzungswand zugehöriger Wandungsabschnitt der Beschichtungskammer bedarfsgerecht durch einen Wandabschnitt der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung ersetzbar ist. Im Zuge dessen wird eine Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung anstelle einer Begrenzungswand oder eines zugehörigen Wandungsabschnitts an der Trägerstruktur befestigt und die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage kann mit einer ebenfalls an der betreffenden Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung angeordneten Dosiereinrichtung und einer zugehörigen Elektrodenanordnung ausgestattet werden.The powder coating device, in particular the fastening elements provided on it, can be connected to those provided on the carrier Counter-fastening elements correspond, so that a boundary wall or a wall section of the coating chamber associated with the boundary wall can be replaced as required by a wall section of the powder coating device. In the course of this, a powder coating device is fastened to the support structure instead of a boundary wall or an associated wall section, and the powder coating system can be equipped with a dosing device also arranged on the relevant powder coating device and an associated electrode arrangement.
Ferner ist denkbar, dass nebeneinander anordenbare Wandungsabschnitte der Beschichtungskammer jeweils miteinander korrespondierende Befestigungselemente und Gegenbefestigungselemente aufweisen, sodass nebeneinander oder übereinander angeordnete Wandungsabschnitte der Beschichtungskammer untereinander verbindbar und/oder aneinander befestigbar sind. Dies gilt gleichermaßen auch für solche Wandungsabschnitte, die am Grundkörper der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung angeordnet sind. Bei einer derartigen Befestigung von Wandungsabschnitten untereinander kann auf eine jeweils gesonderte Anbindung und Befestigung von Wandungsabschnitten an der Trägerstruktur verzichtet werden. Hierdurch kann der Aufbau der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage vereinfacht werden. Gegebenenfalls kann auf eine Trägerstruktur für die Bildung der Beschichtungskammer verzichtet werden. Dies kann sich vorteilhaft auf die Herstellungskosten und den Platzbedarf der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage auswirken.It is also conceivable that wall sections of the coating chamber that can be arranged next to one another each have fastening elements and counter-fastening elements that correspond to one another, so that wall sections of the coating chamber arranged next to one another or one above the other can be connected to one another and/or fastened to one another. This also applies equally to those wall sections that are arranged on the base body of the powder coating device. With such a fastening of wall sections to one another, a separate connection and fastening of wall sections to the support structure can be dispensed with. As a result, the structure of the powder coating system can be simplified. If necessary, a support structure for the formation of the coating chamber can be dispensed with. This can have an advantageous effect on the manufacturing costs and the space required for the powder coating system.
Weitere Ziele, Merkmale sowie vorteilhafte Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung und der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen. Hierbei zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer isolierten Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 2a
- eine Dosiereinrichtung mit einem Schieber in Aufnahmestellung,
- Fig. 2b
- die Dosiereinrichtung gemäß
Fig. 2a mit dem Schieber in Abgabestellung, - Fig. 2c
- die Dosiereinrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 2a und 2b mit dem sich in einer Zwischenstellung befindlichen Schieber, - Fig. 3
- eine perspektivische schematische Darstellung einer Elektrodenanordnung,
- Fig. 4
- eine teilweise geschnittene Darstellung der Elektrodenanordnung gemäß
Fig. 3 , - Fig. 5
- eine schematische Darstellung einer mit der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung ausgestatteten Pulverbeschichtungsanlage,
- Fig. 6
- eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage mit insgesamt sechs Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen,
- Fig. 7
- eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage,
- Fig. 8
- eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage,
- Fig. 9
- eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage,
- Fig. 10
- eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage in einer Frontalansicht,
- Fig. 11
- eine Darstellung der Anlage gemäß
Fig. 10 in Seitenansicht, - Fig. 12
- eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausgestaltung einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage, die für einen Durchlauf- oder Inline-Betrieb ausgelegt ist,
- Fig. 13
- eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Pulverbeschichtungsanlage,
- Fig. 14
- eine Seitenansicht der Pulverbeschichtungsanlage gemäß
Fig. 13 und - Fig. 15
- eine weitere Pulverbeschichtungsanlage mit auswechselbaren Begrenzungswänden oder Wandungsabschnitten.
- 1
- a schematic representation of an insulated powder coating device,
- Figure 2a
- a dosing device with a slide in the receiving position,
- Figure 2b
- the dosing device according to
Figure 2a with the slider in the delivery position, - Figure 2c
- the dosing device according to the
Figures 2a and 2b with the slider in an intermediate position, - 3
- a perspective schematic representation of an electrode arrangement,
- 4
- a partially sectioned representation of the electrode arrangement according to FIG
3 , - figure 5
- a schematic representation of a powder coating system equipped with the powder coating device,
- 6
- a further embodiment of a powder coating system with a total of six powder coating devices,
- 7
- another embodiment of a powder coating system,
- 8
- another embodiment of a powder coating system,
- 9
- another embodiment of a powder coating system,
- 10
- a further embodiment of a powder coating system in a front view,
- 11
- a representation of the plant according to
10 in side view, - 12
- a side view of a further embodiment of a powder coating system, which is designed for continuous or inline operation,
- 13
- a plan view of a further embodiment of a powder coating system,
- 14
- a side view of the powder coating system according to FIG
13 and - 15
- another powder coating system with interchangeable boundary walls or wall sections.
In den
Die Elektrodenanordnung 12 als auch die Dosiereinrichtung 14 können fest oder variabel veränderlich am Grundkörper 11 der Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung 10 angeordnet sein. Die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung 10 bzw. ihr Grundkörper 11 ist variabel in einer Beschichtungskammer 102 einer schematisch in
Die Elektrodenanordnung 12, welche in den
An der der unteren Schicht 120 abgewandten Oberseite der oberen Schicht 122 ist eine Gitterelektrode 126 angeordnet. Diese weist eine gitterförmige Struktur auf und erstreckt sich nahezu über die gesamte Außenoberfläche der oberen Schicht 122. Die Gitterelektrode wird typischerweise mit einer Hochspannungsgleichspannung im Bereich von 5 bis 50 kV beaufschlagt. Die Gitterelektrode 126 sorgt für eine elektrostatische Aufladung des sich auf der Oberseite der Elektrodenanordnung 12 befindlichen Pulvermaterials 1. Die gepulste Elektrode 124 bewirkt eine Art periodische Impulsaufladung des Pulvermaterials 1 und unterstützt die Bildung einer sich von der Oberseite der Elektrodenanordnung 12 räumlich entfernenden Pulverwolke 2. Beide Elektroden, die Elektrode 124 und die Gitterelektrode 126 sind mit einem Steuergerät 50 verbunden. Die Elektroden 124, 126 können galvanisch voneinander getrennt sein.A
Wie ferner in den
Da die Abscheiderate von Pulvermaterial 1 aus der Pulverwolke 2 auf ein zu beschichtendes Objekt begrenzt ist und die Pulverwolke der Schwerkrafteinwirkung unterliegt, sinken einzelne Pulverpartikel der Pulverwolke stetig auf die Elektrodenanordnung 12 herab. Hierdurch erfolgt eine gleichmäßige Verteilung von Pulvermaterial 1 auf der Oberseite der Elektrodenanordnung 12, wie dies in den
Wie insbesondere in
In der spezifischen Ausgestaltung der Dosiereinrichtung 14 gemäß
Die Dosiereinrichtung 14 gemäß
Die Dosiereinrichtung 14 ist ferner mit einem Geber 18 ausgestattet. Dieser ist in Höhe des Pulverauslasses 24, mithin in Höhe des Siebs 26 angeordnet. Vorliegend ist der Geber 18 in Höhe des Stutzens und außerhalb des Stutzens, seitlich benachbart zum Stutzen 21 angeordnet. Der Geber 18 weist vorliegend einen elektrisch ansteuerbaren Hubmagnet 38 auf, welcher entsprechend einer Beaufschlagung mit einem elektrischen Steuersignal dazu ausgestaltet ist, regelmäßig und/oder wiederholt seitlich am Stutzen 21 anzuschlagen, um somit einen mechanischen Impuls auf das beweglich gelagerte Sieb 26 auszuüben. Auf diese Art und Weise kann der Hubmagnet 38 eine Art Klopfbewegung auf das flexibel gelagerte Sieb 26 ausüben, sodass eine definierte Pulvermenge aus dem Sieb abgegeben wird. Die hier gezeigte Ausgestaltung ist insoweit von Vorteil, als dass die beweglich gelagerten Teile keinerlei Reibung und Abrieb unterliegen, der zum Beispiel das Pulvermaterial 1 kontaminieren könnte. Etwaiges außen an der Pulverführung 20 angelagertes Pulvermaterial kann mittels des Gebers 18 abgeklopft werden. Insoweit wirkt der Geber 18 einer Pulveranhaftung an den beweglichen Komponenten der Dosiereinrichtung 14 entgegen.The
In den
Alternativ zur Darstellung der
Die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage 100 weist, wie in
Die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung 10 ist mitsamt diesem Wandabschnitt 41 lösbar an der Beschichtungskammer 102 bzw. an einer in
Der Kammerboden 106 ist zumindest bereichsweise geneigt ausgerichtet. Er kann einen vertieften Sammelbereich 108 aufweisen. Insbesondere kann der Kammerboden 106 trichterförmig, etwa ein- oder zweidimensional trichterförmig ausgestaltet sein. Der Kammerboden 106 kann kegelförmig, nach Art eines Tetraeders oder nach Art eines Pyramidenstumpfs verjüngend nach unten hin zulaufen. Auf diese Art und Weise kann ein sich verjüngender Sammelbereich 108 gebildet werden, mittels welchem das beispielsweise von der Elektrodenanordnung 12, insbesondere von deren unterem Bereich 15 herabrieselndes Pulvermaterial 1 aufgefangen und gesammelt werden kann.The
Der Sammelbereich 108 ist ferner mit einer Pulverrückführung 110 verbunden. Die Pulverrückführung 110 weist einen Endabschnitt 112 auf, der pulverführend mit dem Sammelbereich 108 am Boden der Beschichtungskammer 102 verbunden ist. Ein gegenüberliegender Endabschnitt 114 der Pulverrückführung 110 ist mit einem Zulauf oder einer Zufuhr für den Pulvervorratsbehälter 104 pulverführend verbunden. Auf diese Art und Weise kann überflüssiges bzw. sich am Kammerboden 106 ansammelndes Pulvermaterial 1 erneut dem Beschichtungsprozess zugeführt werden. Auf diese Art und Weise wird ein geschlossener Kreislauf gebildet. Der Pulverberbrauch kann minimiert werden.The
Die Pulverrückführung 110 kann ferner optional einen Zwischenvorratsbehälter 116 aufweisen, der pulverführend mit dem Endabschnitt 112 verbunden ist. Der Zwischenvorratsbehälter 116 kann ferner mit dem Endabschnitt 114 pulverführend verbunden sein. Das Bereitstellen eines Zwischenvorratsbehälters 116 ermöglicht ein häufiges Abführen von Pulvermaterial 1 aus dem Sammelbereich 108 ohne dass die hierbei jedes Mal zurückgewonnene Pulvermenge unmittelbar dem Pulvervorratsbehälter 104 zuzuführen wäre. Insbesondere bei Vorsehen einer Dosiereinrichtung 14 mit einem am Pulverauslass 24 vorgesehenen Sieb 26 kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn während eines laufenden Beschichtungsprozesses kein weiteres Pulvermaterial 1 von oben in den Pulvervorratsbehälter 104 nachgefüllt wird.The
Am oder im Sammelbereich 108 kann ferner ein Füllstandssensor 113 vorgesehen sein, mittels welchem eine Abfuhr, beispielsweise ein Absaugen von angesammeltem Pulvermaterial 1 aus dem Sammelbereich 108 initiiert bzw. getriggert werden kann. Der Füllstandssensor 113 ist typischerweise mit einer zentralen Steuerung, beispielsweise mit dem Steuergerät 50 gekoppelt. Fördermittel, etwa ein Gebläse oder eine Absaugung für die Beförderung des Pulvermaterials 1 von dem Sammelbereich in den Zwischenvorratsbehälter 116 und in den Pulvervorratsbehälter 104 sind vorliegend nicht explizit gezeigt. Sie können ein oder mehrere Gebläse oder Sauggebläse aufweisen die in oder an der Pulverrückführung vorgesehen sind.A
In der Darstellung gemäß
Die wechselseitige Verbindung von Befestigungselementen 40 und Gegenbefestigungselementen 60 ist lösbar ausgestaltet. Auf diese Art und Weise können einzelne Seitenwandabschnitte 103a von der Trägerstruktur gelöst und entfernt werden. Mitunter sind die einzelnen Seitenwandabschnitte 103a auch untereinander, so etwa mittels Verbindungselementen 42 lösbar verbunden. Anstelle eines zum Beispiel planar ausgestalteten Wandungsabschnitts 103a kann nun auch eine Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung 10 an der Trägerstruktur 111 angeordnet werden. Die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung 10 weist hierbei neben der Elektrodenanordnung 12 und der Dosiereinrichtung 14 ferner einen Wandabschnitt 41 auf, der hinsichtlich Größe und Geometrie weitreichend identisch zum zuvor abgenommenen in
Alternativ hierzu ist natürlich auch denkbar, einzelne Gegenbefestigungselemente 60, beispielsweise in Form von längserstreckten Befestigungsschienen 62 an der Innenseite von Begrenzungswänden 103, 105, 107 im Inneren der Beschichtungskammer 102 anzuordnen. So sind beispielsweise in den Darstellungen gemäß
Die Darstellungen der
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
In der weiteren Ausgestaltung gemäß der
Mit ihren einander abgewandten Enden sind die Schenkel 12a, 12b jeweils leicht nach unten geneigt ausgerichtet. Jeder der Schenkel 12a, 12b kann eine im Wesentlichen ebene Struktur aufweisen. Im Übergangsbereich der Schenkel 12a, 12b befindet sich der höchste Punkt der Elektrodenanordnung 12, welcher typischerweise, bezogen auf die Horizontale, in etwa mittig unterhalb des Pulverauslasses 24 der Dosiereinrichtung 14 angeordnet ist.With their opposite ends, the
Die Pulverbeschichtungsanlage 100 ist in
In der Darstellung eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß der
Entlang der Förderstrecke 134 sind zumindest zwei oder mehrere Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen 10 angeordnet. Die Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungen 10 sind hierbei beabstandet von Seitenwandabschnitten 103, 105 auf erhöhten Sockelabschnitten 140 inmitten der Beschichtungskammer 102 angeordnet. Zwischen den erhöhten Sockelabschnitten 140 sind Sammelbereiche 108 für im Beschichtungsprozess anfallendes Pulvermaterial 1 vorgesehen. Wie zuvor bereits beschrieben, sind die Sammelbereiche 108 pulverführend mit einer Pulverrückführung 110 verbunden. Im Bereich der Zuführöffnung 130 und der Auslassöffnung 132 können vorliegend nicht explizit gezeigte Schleusen vorgesehen sein, mittels derer eine hermetische Trennung der Beschichtungskammer 102 von der Außenumgebung bereitgestellt werden kann. Die in
Für den Beschichtungsprozess sind die Beschichtungsobjekte 70 typischerweise elektrisch geerdet. Wenngleich eine Vielzahl der in den Figuren gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele eine Dosiereinrichtung 14 zeigen, die mit eine beweglichen Schieber versehen ist, können sämtliche Ausführungsbeispiele auch mit einer in
- 11
- Pulvermaterialpowder material
- 22
- Pulverwolkepowder cloud
- 1010
- Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtungpowder coating device
- 1111
- Grundkörperbody
- 1212
- Elektrodenanordnungelectrode arrangement
- 12a, b12a, b
- Schenkelleg
- 1313
- oberer Bereichupper area
- 1414
- Dosiereinrichtungdosing device
- 1515
- unterer Bereichlower area
- 1616
- Pulvervorratpowder supply
- 1717
- Auslassöffnungexhaust port
- 1818
- Gebergiver
- 1919
- Gebergiver
- 2020
- Pulverführungpowder guide
- 2121
- StutzenSupport
- 2424
- Pulverauslasspowder outlet
- 2626
- SiebSieve
- 2828
- Schieberslider
- 3030
- Aufnahmerecording
- 3838
- Hubmagnetlifting magnet
- 4040
- Befestigungselementfastener
- 4141
- Wandabschnittwall section
- 4242
- Verbindungselementfastener
- 5050
- Steuergerätcontrol unit
- 6060
- Gegenbefestigungselementcounter fastener
- 6262
- Befestigungsschienemounting rail
- 7070
- Beschichtungsobjektcoating object
- 100100
- Pulverbeschichtungsanlagepowder coating plant
- 101101
- Beschichtungsbereichcoating area
- 102102
- Beschichtungskammercoating chamber
- 103103
- Seitenwandabschnittsidewall section
- 103a103a
- Wandungsabschnittwall section
- 104104
- Pulvervorratsbehälterpowder storage container
- 104a104a
- Anschlussstückfitting
- 105105
- Seitenwandabschnittsidewall section
- 106106
- Kammerbodenchamber floor
- 107107
- Deckenabschnittceiling section
- 108108
- Sammelbereichcollection area
- 110110
- Pulverrückführungpowder recycling
- 111111
- Trägerstruktursupport structure
- 112112
- Endabschnittend section
- 113113
- Füllstandssensorlevel sensor
- 114114
- Endabschnittend section
- 116116
- Zwischenvorratsbehälterintermediate reservoir
- 120120
- untere SchichtLower class
- 122122
- obere Schichtupper layer
- 124124
- Elektrodeelectrode
- 126126
- Gitterelektrodegrid electrode
- 130130
- Zuführöffnungfeed opening
- 132132
- Auslassöffnungexhaust port
- 134134
- Förderstreckeconveyor line
- 140140
- Sockelabschnittbase section
Claims (15)
- Powder coating device (10) for the powder coating of objects, which has a main body (11), on which an electrode arrangement (12) designed for generating a powder cloud (2) is arranged and on which a metering device (14) designed for the monitored discharge of an amount of powder onto the electrode arrangement (12) is arranged above the electrode arrangement (12), characterized in that the metering device (14) has a powder outlet (24) facing the electrode arrangement (12), wherein powder discharged by the metering device (14) can reach the electrode arrangement (12) under the effect of gravity and, on the basis of the electrode arrangement (12) and the electrostatic charging of the powder provided by means of the electrode arrangement, a powder cloud that spreads out spatially as a result of the electrostatic charging of the powder, without the application of compressed air or similar delivery or propulsive media, can be formed.
- Powder coating device according to Claim 1, wherein the powder outlet (24) has a screen (26) extending over the powder outlet (24).
- Powder coating device according to Claim 1, wherein the metering device (14) has a movably mounted slide (28) with at least one powder receptacle (30), by means of which in each case an amount of powder corresponding to the size of the powder receptacle (30) can be fed in portions to the electrode arrangement (12).
- Powder coating device according to Claim 2 or 3, wherein the metering device (14) is connected in a powder-conducting manner to a powder store (16) and wherein the metering device (14) has an electrically activatable transmitter (18, 19), by means of which a supply of an amount of powder per unit of time to the electrode arrangement (12) can be variably set, and wherein the transmitter (18, 19) interacts mechanically with the screen (26) or with the slide (28).
- Powder coating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrode arrangement (12) is aligned in an inclined manner with respect to a horizontal, and wherein an upper-lying region (13) of the electrode arrangement (12), with respect to a vertical, is at a smaller horizontal distance from the metering device (14) in comparison with a lower-lying region (15) of the electrode arrangement (12).
- Powder coating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrode arrangement (12) is arranged pivotably on the main body (11).
- Powder coating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein provided on the main body (11) is at least one fastening element (40), which is designed for forming a releasable fastening with a corresponding counter-fastening element (60) provided in a coating chamber (102) of a powder coating installation (100).
- Powder coating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one wall portion (41) is arranged on the main body (11) and can be integrated into a boundary wall (103, 105, 106, 107) of a coating chamber (102) of a powder coating installation (100).
- Powder coating installation (100) for the powder coating of objects, with a coating chamber (102), a powder storage container (104) and at least one powder coating device (10) according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 8, which can be positioned variably in the coating chamber (102).
- Powder coating installation according to Claim 9, wherein the coating chamber (102) has a chamber bottom (106), which has at least in a portion thereof a collecting region (108) for powder material (1) narrowing downwardly in the form of a funnel.
- Powder coating installation according to Claim 10, also with a powder return (110), which is connected by an end portion (112) in a powder-conducting manner to the collecting region (108) and which is connected by an opposite end portion (114) in a powder-conducting manner to the powder storage container (104).
- Powder coating installation according to Claim 11, wherein the powder return (110) has an intermediate storage container (116).
- Powder coating installation according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 12, wherein a number of counter-fastening elements (60) for a variable arrangement of one or more powder coating devices (10) according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 8 are arranged on or in the coating chamber (102).
- Powder coating installation according to Claim 13, wherein at least one of the counter-fastening elements (60) has an elongated fastening rail (62).
- Powder coating installation according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 14, wherein at least one boundary wall (103, 105, 106, 107) of the coating chamber (102) or a wall portion (103a, 105a) belonging to the boundary wall (103, 105, 106, 107) can be released from the coating chamber (102) and can be substituted by a wall portion (41) of a coating device (10) according to Claim 8.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102017130289.1A DE102017130289A1 (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2017-12-18 | Device for powder coating of objects |
PCT/EP2018/085163 WO2019121489A1 (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-12-17 | Device and installation for the electrostatic powder coating of objects |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3727703A1 EP3727703A1 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
EP3727703B1 true EP3727703B1 (en) | 2022-06-08 |
Family
ID=64902024
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18829291.6A Active EP3727703B1 (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-12-17 | Device and installation for the electrostatic powder coating of objects |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11311898B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3727703B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102017130289A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3727703T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019121489A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3817211A (en) * | 1972-02-22 | 1974-06-18 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Apparatus for impregnating strands, webs, fabrics and the like |
US3951099A (en) * | 1974-04-11 | 1976-04-20 | Electrostatic Equipment Corporation | Automatic feed fluidized bed system |
US3918401A (en) * | 1974-04-17 | 1975-11-11 | American Can Co | Apparatus for powder coating metal articles |
JPS63274465A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-11-11 | Eifu:Kk | Equipment for coating electrostatic fine particle |
EP0674548B1 (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 2001-11-14 | Nordson Corporation | Improved powder coating system for difficult to handle powders |
JPH06304502A (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1994-11-01 | Nordson Kk | Powder coating device |
JP3489035B2 (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 2004-01-19 | ノードソン株式会社 | Powder coating equipment |
US5385086A (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1995-01-31 | Par-Way Group | Electrostatic assisted dry ingredient deposition apparatus |
JPH09290183A (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-11-11 | Kao Corp | Method and apparatus for electrostatic powder coating |
EP0826746B1 (en) * | 1996-09-02 | 2002-07-17 | Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd. | Powder coating process and powder-coated article |
JP2000093851A (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-04 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | Device and method for powder charging and device and method for powder coating |
US6197114B1 (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2001-03-06 | Material Sciences Corporation | Power feeding apparatus having an adjustable feed width |
DE102004010177B4 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2007-09-13 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Electrostatic fluidization apparatus and electrostatic fluidization method for coating substrates with coating powder |
DE102005056260B4 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2008-12-18 | Prometal Rct Gmbh | Method and device for the surface application of flowable material |
-
2017
- 2017-12-18 DE DE102017130289.1A patent/DE102017130289A1/en active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-12-17 PL PL18829291.6T patent/PL3727703T3/en unknown
- 2018-12-17 EP EP18829291.6A patent/EP3727703B1/en active Active
- 2018-12-17 US US16/955,300 patent/US11311898B2/en active Active
- 2018-12-17 WO PCT/EP2018/085163 patent/WO2019121489A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2019121489A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
DE102017130289A1 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
US11311898B2 (en) | 2022-04-26 |
US20210016305A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
PL3727703T3 (en) | 2022-09-19 |
EP3727703A1 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
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