EP3717132B1 - Separator - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3717132B1
EP3717132B1 EP18804286.5A EP18804286A EP3717132B1 EP 3717132 B1 EP3717132 B1 EP 3717132B1 EP 18804286 A EP18804286 A EP 18804286A EP 3717132 B1 EP3717132 B1 EP 3717132B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
housing
separator according
bearing
openings
Prior art date
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Application number
EP18804286.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3717132A1 (en
Inventor
Rüdiger GÖHMANN
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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Publication of EP3717132A1 publication Critical patent/EP3717132A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B04B1/08—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls of conical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/02—Casings; Lids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/02—Electric motor drives
    • B04B9/04—Direct drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/12—Suspending rotary bowls ; Bearings; Packings for bearings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a separator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic separator for separating a free-flowing product into different phases which has a rotatable drum with a lower drum part and an upper drum part and a means for clarification arranged in the drum, wherein one, several or all of the following elements are made of plastic or a plastic composite material consist of: the bottom part of the drum, the top part of the drum, the means of clarification.
  • a device for separating blood into two phases of different densities containing a magnetic drive device and a container which is set in a rotational movement about its own axis by the drive device, the container having at least one open end and in this at least one inlet , and wherein the container is magnetically levitated.
  • the unsatisfactorily solved derivation of the two phases that form during the centrifugal separation from the open, cup-like rotor is problematic.
  • WO 2015/1100501 A1 is in this respect also proposed to use the rotating container in a non-rotating, surrounding the rotating container housing which is designed to be closed except for an inlet and two outlets.
  • a central inlet pipe is led vertically from above into the rotating container, from which a first phase is again pumped vertically upwards with a kind of peeling element, and the rotating container also has an overflow for a second phase at its vertically upper end Phase has, so that it flows into the surrounding non-rotating housing during operation, so that this fills up during operation until the liquid phase in turn flows out of the stationary housing through an overflow to the outside.
  • This construction has the disadvantage that it is hardly possible to achieve higher speeds that make sense, since the inner - rotating - container rotates in the liquid that collects in the housing.
  • the invention aims to solve this problem.
  • the inlet can be in the form of an inlet pipe which extends vertically from above in the direction of the center of the housing and for the two outlets to be aligned radially.
  • the bearing and drive device has at least two permanent and/or electromagnetically acting bearing and/or drive units. In this way it is possible to influence the operating behavior of the drum in a more targeted manner than if this task were to be implemented with just a single bearing and drive unit.
  • one of the bearing and/or drive units can advantageously be designed as a first, axially acting magnetic bearing, which is designed below the drum and is essentially or exclusively designed to keep the drum axially vertically suspended.
  • a second of the bearing and/or drive units is designed to radially support the drum at its lower end and to rotate it.
  • the operating behavior can be further optimized by designing and arranging a third of the bearing and/or drive units as a radially acting magnetic bearing for supporting the drum at its upper axial end.
  • the first liquid outlet on the drum is in the upper axial area—preferably at the upper axial end—and the second liquid outlet in the lower axial area of the drum—preferably at the lower axial end of a cylindrical portion of the drum.
  • the housing only has the three openings and is otherwise designed to be hermetically closed. This makes it easier to create a separator that has the disposable components "drum” and "housing", whereas at least parts of the bearing and drive device can be reused.
  • the centrifuge 1 of 1 has a housing 10 which is stationary during operation.
  • This housing consists of a plastic or a plastic composite material.
  • the housing 10 here has a lower cylindrical section 101 and an upper conical section 102 .
  • the lower cylindrical section can in turn be divided into cylindrical areas of different diameters.
  • the housing 10 is designed in the manner of a container which is advantageously hermetically sealed except for three openings (still to be discussed). These openings are an inlet opening 103 and two outlets 104, 105.
  • the inlet opening 103 is penetrated by an inlet pipe 106 that extends vertically from above towards the center of the housing 10.
  • the two outlets 104, 105 extend essentially radially here.
  • the first outlet 104 is in the upper - formed section 102 of the housing 10 - conical here. It is preferably formed directly at the upper end of the housing 10 .
  • the second outlet 105 is formed in the lower section 101, which is cylindrical here, here in the vertically lower end of an area of the cylindrical section 101 of the housing 10.
  • Annular spaces 107, 108 of the housing are connected upstream of the processes 104, 105.
  • the drains allow liquid to drain from the annular spaces 107, 108 during operation of the then rotating drum 20. The importance and the advantageous effect of these annular spaces 107, 108 will be explained further below.
  • the outlets 104, 105 of the housing are designed here as connecting pieces leading radially out of the housing 10, to which lines, in particular hoses or the like (here not shown), can be connected.
  • lines in particular hoses or the like (here not shown)
  • One inlet and several outlet lines, in particular outlet pipes or hoses, are preferably connected to the inlet and outlet.
  • a rotatable drum 20 Disposed within the housing 10 is a rotatable drum 20 having an imaginary "ideal" axis of rotation D which is a vertical axis of rotation.
  • the real axis of rotation deviates from this "ideal axis of rotation" D due to precession movements.
  • the drum 20 and its components consist entirely or at least for the most part (ideally apart from the magnets that are still to be explained) also made of a plastic material or a plastic composite material.
  • the drum 20 also has a lower cylindrical section 201 and an upper conical section 202 here.
  • the inlet pipe 106 of the housing 10 is stationary during operation. It extends vertically from above through the inlet openings of the housing 10 into the drum 20 and into a distributor tube 203 of the distributor 204 of the drum 20 that is concentric with the inlet pipe.
  • a bearing device 310 can be formed between the feed pipe 106 , which does not rotate during operation, and the rotating distributor pipe 203 of the drum 20 .
  • This bearing device 310 is preferably designed as a radially acting magnetic bearing which is intended to stabilize the drum 20 at its upper end during operation.
  • This magnetic bearing at the upper end of the drum 20 - also known as the drum head - reduces possible pendulum movements of the drum 2 in a simple manner. It has, for example, corresponding magnets distributed around the inlet pipe 106 and in the distributor pipe 203, which are radially spaced and interact like magnetic bearings.
  • the distribution tube 203 of the distributor 204 opens downwards into radial distribution channels 205 which lead into a separation chamber or centrifugal chamber 206 .
  • a clarification agent such as a plate pack 207 can be arranged.
  • the manifold 204 may include a manifold base 205a, which in turn has a lower cylindrical Extension 205b which protrudes axially downwards from the drum 20, in particular from the cylindrical section 201.
  • a suspension S to be processed which is fed through the feed pipe 106 into the drum 20, is separated into at least two free-flowing phases LP and HP of different densities by centrifugal force when the drum 20 is being driven in rotation.
  • the lower density phase LP flows radially inwards in the separation space 206 and is there via a first discharge channel 208 upwards into the radial discharge line 209 and is thereby radially expelled from the rotating drum into the first annulus 107 .
  • the phase LP leaves the drum on a radius ro. From there it flows - circling in the annular space due to its momentum - through the upper discharge line 104 out of the housing 10.
  • the higher-density HP phase flows radially outwards in the separating space 206 and is directed downwards via a separating plate or a ring weir 210 into a second discharge channel 211 below the ring weir 210, here initially radially inwards and from there radially out of the rotating drum 20 ejected into the second lower annulus 108 . From there, this second liquid phase of greater density flows - due to its momentum circling in the annular space 108 - through the second lower derivative 105 out of the housing 10.
  • the phase HP leaves the drum at a radius ru ..
  • the ratio of ro to ru allows adjust the radius of the separation zone between the two phases within the disk pack and thus regulate the throughput quantities of the individual phases. For this purpose, the radius ru is changed in a simple manner by means of an aperture (not shown here).
  • the housing 10 and the drum 20 are spaced apart by an air gap LS. This is advantageous since a high speed of rotation of the drum 20 can be achieved relatively easily in this way. In this area, the air gap LS does not fill with one of the phases HP, LP to be discharged.
  • the drum 20 is levitated and rotated within the housing 10 by an electromagnetic bearing and drive mechanism 30 .
  • the electromagnetic bearing and drive device 30 can have one or more bearing and/or drive units.
  • the electromagnetic bearing and drive device 30 can have the upper radially acting bearing device 310 already described.
  • the electromagnetic bearing and drive device 30 can also have a lower axially acting bearing device 320 .
  • This axially acting bearing device 320 essentially serves to keep the drum 20 floating within the housing 10 axially by levitation. It can have first magnets 321 on an abutment, for example on the underside of the housing or on a stator 331 below the housing 10 .
  • the axially acting bearing device 320 can have second magnets 322 arranged axially above the first magnets 321 and spaced apart from them in the lower region, in particular on the underside, of the drum 20 .
  • first and/or second magnets 321, 322 can be designed as suitably aligned or polarized permanent magnets, such that the drum 1 can be held axially suspended during rotary operation.
  • these magnets 321, 322 can be arranged circumferentially or suitably distributed circumferentially on two vertically aligned circles of the same diameter, such that their effect ensures that the drum 20 is held axially magnetically levitating within the housing.
  • Electromagnets including a suitable control device (not shown here) can also be used for the function of the first magnets 321.
  • the electromagnetic bearing and drive device 30 can also have an electric motor 330 whose rotor magnet 332 is formed on the drum 20 and whose stator 331 and stator magnet 333 are formed outside the housing 10.
  • the drum is centered by suitably controlling the stator magnets 333.
  • the drive device can be operated electromagnetically. However, a drive via rotating permanent magnets can also be implemented.
  • Such storage and drive devices are used by Levitronix, for example, to drive centrifugal pumps ( EP2273124B1 ).
  • the drum 20 rotates. In doing so, it is held in suspension axially and centered radially.
  • the drum 20 is preferably operated at a speed of between 1,000 and 20,000 revolutions per minute. The forces arising from the rotation lead to the above-described separation of a suspension to be processed into various flowable phases and their derivation, as already described above in detail.
  • centrifuge 1 Housing 10 lower cylindrical section 101 upper conical section 102 inlet opening 103 processes 104, 105 inlet pipe 106 annuli 107, 108 drum 20 lower cylindrical section 201 upper conical section 202 distribution pipe 203 distributor 204 distribution channels 205 separation space 206 plate pack 207 distribution base 205a cylindrical approach 205b drainage channel 208 derivation 209 ring weir 210 drainage channel 211
  • Storage and drive device 30 upper radial bearing device 310 lower axial bearing device 320 first magnets 321 stator 331 second magnets 322 electric motor 330 stator 331 rotor magnet 332 stator magnet 333 axis of rotation D suspension S flowable phases LP and HP air gap LS upper radius red lower radius ru

Landscapes

  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Separator nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a separator according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der WO 2014/000829 A1 ist ein gattungsgemäßer Separator zur Trennung eines fließfähigen Produktes in verschiedene Phasen bekannt, der eine drehbare Trommel mit einem Trommelunterteil und einem Trommeloberteil aufweist und ein in der Trommel angeordnetes Mittel zum Klären, wobei eines, mehrere oder sämtliche folgender Elemente aus Kunststoff oder einem Kunststoff-Verbundwerkstoff bestehen: das Trommelunterteil, das Trommeloberteil, das Mittel zum Klären. Derart ist es möglich, einen Teil der Trommel oder vorzugsweise sogar die gesamte Trommel - vorzugsweise nebst den Zulauf- und Ablaufsystemen bzw. -bereichen - für eine Einmalverwendung auszulegen, was insbesondere in Hinsicht für die Verarbeitung pharmazeutischer Produkte wie Fermentationsbrühen oder dgl. von Interesse und Vorteil ist, da nach dem Betrieb zur Verarbeitung einer entsprechenden Produktcharge im während der Verarbeitung der Produktcharge vorzugsweise kontinuierlichen Betrieb keine Reinigung der produktberührenden Teile der Trommel durchgeführt werden muss sondern diese insgesamt ausgetauscht werden kann. Gerade aus hygienischer Sicht ist dieser Separator damit sehr vorteilhaft. Um ein physische Trennung zwischen dieser Einweg-Trommel und dem Antrieb zu erreichen, ist eine berührungsfreie Kupplung zwischen Antrieb und Trommel vorteilhaft.From the WO 2014/000829 A1 a generic separator for separating a free-flowing product into different phases is known, which has a rotatable drum with a lower drum part and an upper drum part and a means for clarification arranged in the drum, wherein one, several or all of the following elements are made of plastic or a plastic composite material consist of: the bottom part of the drum, the top part of the drum, the means of clarification. In this way it is possible to design a part of the drum or preferably even the entire drum - preferably together with the inlet and outlet systems or areas - for single use, which is of particular interest and The advantage is that after the operation for processing a corresponding product batch in the preferably continuous operation during the processing of the product batch, no cleaning of the parts of the drum that come into contact with the product has to be carried out, but the entire drum can be replaced. From a hygienic point of view, this separator is very advantageous. In order to achieve a physical separation between this one-way drum and the drive, a non-contact coupling between the drive and the drum is advantageous.

Zum Stand der Technik magnetisch angetriebener Trommeln wird zudem die WO 2013/116800 genannt. Zum technologischen Hintergrund sei ferner die WO 2004/053035 A1 genannt.The prior art of magnetically driven drums is also the WO 2013/116800 called. The technological background is also the WO 2004/053035 A1 called.

Aus der WO2015/1100501 A1 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Blut in zwei Phasen unterschiedlicher Dichte bekannt, enthaltend eine magnetische Antriebsvorrichtung und ein Behältnis, das durch die Antriebsvorrichtung in eine Drehbewegung um seine eigene Achse versetzt wird, wobei das Behältnis mindestens ein offenes Ende und in diesem mindestens einen Einlass aufweist, und wobei das Behältnis magnetisch schwebend gelagert ist. Problematisch ist insofern die nicht zufriedenstellend gelöste Ableitung der beiden sich bei der zentrifugalen Trennung bildenden Phasen aus dem offenen, becherartigen Rotor.From the WO2015/1100501 A1 a device for separating blood into two phases of different densities is known, containing a magnetic drive device and a container which is set in a rotational movement about its own axis by the drive device, the container having at least one open end and in this at least one inlet , and wherein the container is magnetically levitated. In this respect, the unsatisfactorily solved derivation of the two phases that form during the centrifugal separation from the open, cup-like rotor is problematic.

In der WO 2015/1100501 A1 wird insofern zwar auch vorgeschlagen, das sich drehende Behältnis in ein sich nicht drehendes, das sich drehende Behältnis umgebendes Gehäuse einzusetzen, das bis auf einen Zulauf und zwei Abläufe geschlossen ausgebildet ist. Durch das stillstehende Gehäuse ist vertikal von oben in das sich drehende Behältnis ein zentrisches Zulaufrohr hineingeführt, aus dem eine erste Phase wiederum vertikal nach oben mit einer Art Schälorgan abgepumpt wird und wobei das sich drehende Behältnis ferner an seinem vertikal oberen Ende einen Überlauf für eine zweite Phase aufweist, so dass diese im Betrieb in das umgebende sich nicht drehende Gehäuse fließt, so dass sich dieses im Betrieb füllt, bis die Flüssigkeitsphase auch aus dem stillstehenden Gehäuse wiederum durch einen Überlauf nach außen abfließt. Diese Konstruktion bringt den Nachteil mit sich, dass nur kaum sinnvoll höhere Drehzahlen realisierbar sind, das das innere - sich drehende - Behältnis in der sich im Gehäuse sammelnden Flüssigkeit rotiert.In the WO 2015/1100501 A1 is in this respect also proposed to use the rotating container in a non-rotating, surrounding the rotating container housing which is designed to be closed except for an inlet and two outlets. Through the stationary housing, a central inlet pipe is led vertically from above into the rotating container, from which a first phase is again pumped vertically upwards with a kind of peeling element, and the rotating container also has an overflow for a second phase at its vertically upper end Phase has, so that it flows into the surrounding non-rotating housing during operation, so that this fills up during operation until the liquid phase in turn flows out of the stationary housing through an overflow to the outside. This construction has the disadvantage that it is hardly possible to achieve higher speeds that make sense, since the inner - rotating - container rotates in the liquid that collects in the housing.

Die Erfindung hat die Aufgabe, dieses Problem zu lösen.The invention aims to solve this problem.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem by the subject matter of claim 1.

Derart können auf einfache Weise eine Produktphase zugeführt und zwei fließfähige Produktphasen abgeführt werden, ohne dass die Trommel in dem Gehäuse vollständig von dem ablaufenden Produkt umgeben ist, wodurch sie gebremst würde. Somit ist es problemlos möglich, im Betrieb auch höhere Drehzahlen von bis zu 20000 U/min zu erreichen und einzuhalten.In this way, one product phase can be supplied in a simple manner and two free-flowing product phases can be discharged without the drum in the housing being completely surrounded by the product running off, which would slow it down. It is therefore possible to achieve and maintain higher speeds of up to 20,000 rpm during operation without any problems.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Variante kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Zulauf als Zulaufrohr ausgebildet ist, das sich von oben vertikal in Richtung des Zentrums des Gehäuses erstreckt und dass die zwei Abläufe radial ausgerichtet sind.According to an advantageous variant, provision can be made for the inlet to be in the form of an inlet pipe which extends vertically from above in the direction of the center of the housing and for the two outlets to be aligned radially.

Sodann hat es sich als vorteilhaft erweisen, wenn die Lager- und Antriebsvorrichtung wenigstens zwei permanent- und/oder elektromagnetisch wirkende Lager- und/oder Antriebseinheiten aufweist. Derart ist es möglich, gezielter auf das Betriebsverhalten der Trommel Einfluss zu nehmen, als wenn diese Aufgabe mit nur einer einzigen Lager- und Antriebseinheit realisiert wird.Then it has proven to be advantageous if the bearing and drive device has at least two permanent and/or electromagnetically acting bearing and/or drive units. In this way it is possible to influence the operating behavior of the drum in a more targeted manner than if this task were to be implemented with just a single bearing and drive unit.

So kann vorteilhaft eine der Lager- und/oder Antriebseinheiten als ein erstes, axial wirkendes Magnetlager ausgebildet ist, das unterhalb der Trommel ausgebildet ist und im Wesentlichen oder ausschließlich dazu ausgelegt ist, die Trommel axial vertikal in der Schwebe zu halten.Thus, one of the bearing and/or drive units can advantageously be designed as a first, axially acting magnetic bearing, which is designed below the drum and is essentially or exclusively designed to keep the drum axially vertically suspended.

Es ist insofern weiter vorteilhaft, wenn eine zweite der Lager- und/oder Antriebseinheiten dazu ausgelegt ist, die Trommel an ihrem unteren Ende radial zu lagern und in Drehung zu versetzen.It is further advantageous if a second of the bearing and/or drive units is designed to radially support the drum at its lower end and to rotate it.

Schließlich kann das Betriebsverhalten nochmals dadurch optimiert werden, dass eine dritte der Lager- und/oder Antriebseinheiten als radial wirkendes Magnetlager zur Lagerung der Trommel an ihrem oberen axialen Ende ausgebildet und angeordnet ist.Finally, the operating behavior can be further optimized by designing and arranging a third of the bearing and/or drive units as a radially acting magnetic bearing for supporting the drum at its upper axial end.

Es kann sich für ein Erreichen besonders hoher Drehzahlen sowie für einen besonders stabilen Betrieb weiter vorteilhaft vorgesehen sein, dass an der Trommel der erste Flüssigkeitsablauf im oberen axialen Bereich - vorzugsweise am oberen axialen Ende - und der zweite Flüssigkeitsablauf im unteren axialen Bereich der Trommel - vorzugsweise am unteren axialen Ende eines zylindrischen Abschnitts der Trommel - ausgebildet ist.In order to achieve particularly high speeds and for particularly stable operation, it can also advantageously be provided that the first liquid outlet on the drum is in the upper axial area—preferably at the upper axial end—and the second liquid outlet in the lower axial area of the drum—preferably at the lower axial end of a cylindrical portion of the drum.

Es kann weiter vorteilhaft vorgesehen sein, dass wenigstens einem der beiden Flüssigkeitsabläufe eine Einrichtung zum Verstellen der Trennzone innerhalb der Trommel zugeordnet ist.Provision can also advantageously be made for at least one of the two liquid outlets to be assigned a device for adjusting the separation zone within the drum.

Und schließlich kann weiter vorteilhaft vorgesehen sein, dass das Gehäuse ausschließlich die drei Öffnungen aufweist und ansonsten hermetisch geschlossen aus-gebildet ist. Dies erleichtert es, einen Separator zu schaffen, der die Einwegkomponenten "Trommel" und "Gehäuse" aufweist, wohingegen zumindest Teile der Lager- und Antriebsvorrichtung wiederverwendbar sind.And finally, it can also advantageously be provided that the housing only has the three openings and is otherwise designed to be hermetically closed. This makes it easier to create a separator that has the disposable components "drum" and "housing", whereas at least parts of the bearing and drive device can be reused.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Advantageous configurations of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezug auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben, wobei auch weitere vorteilhafte Varianten und Ausgestaltungen diskutiert werden. Es sei betont, dass das nachfolgend diskutierte Ausführungsbeispiel die Erfindung nicht abschließend beschreiben soll, sondern dass auch nicht dargestellte Varianten und Äquivalente realisierbar sind und unter die Ansprüche fallen fallen. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1:
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifuge.
The invention is described in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing, with further advantageous variants and configurations also being discussed. It should be emphasized that the exemplary embodiment discussed below is not intended to describe the invention conclusively, but that variants and equivalents that are not shown can also be implemented and fall under the claims. It shows:
Figure 1:
a schematic representation of a centrifuge according to the invention.

Die Zentrifuge 1 der Fig. 1 weist ein im Betrieb stillstehendes Gehäuse 10 auf. Dieses Gehäuse besteht aus einem Kunststoff- oder aus einem Kunststoff-Verbundwerkstoff. Das Gehäuse 10 weist hier einen unteren zylindrischen Abschnitt 101 und einen oberen konischen Abschnitt 102 auf. Der untere zylindrische Abschnitt kann wiederum in zylindrische Bereiche verschiedenen Durchmesser unterteilt sein.The centrifuge 1 of 1 has a housing 10 which is stationary during operation. This housing consists of a plastic or a plastic composite material. The housing 10 here has a lower cylindrical section 101 and an upper conical section 102 . The lower cylindrical section can in turn be divided into cylindrical areas of different diameters.

Das Gehäuse 10 ist nach Art eines Behälters ausgelegt, der vorteilhaft bis auf drei (noch zu erörternde) Öffnungen hermetisch geschlossen ausgebildet ist. Diese Öffnungen sind eine Zulauföffnung 103 und zwei Abläufe 104, 105. Die Zulauföffnung 103 ist von einem Zulaufrohr 106 durchsetzt, dass sich von oben vertikal in Richtung des Zentrums des Gehäuses 10 erstreckt. Die zwei Abläufe 104, 105 erstrecken sich hier im Wesentlichen radial.The housing 10 is designed in the manner of a container which is advantageously hermetically sealed except for three openings (still to be discussed). These openings are an inlet opening 103 and two outlets 104, 105. The inlet opening 103 is penetrated by an inlet pipe 106 that extends vertically from above towards the center of the housing 10. The two outlets 104, 105 extend essentially radially here.

Der erste Ablauf 104 ist im oberen - hier konischen - Abschnitt 102 des Gehäuses 10 ausgebildet. Vorzugsweise ist er direkt am oberen Ende des Gehäuses 10 ausgebildet. Der zweite Ablauf 105 ist hingegen im hier zylindrischen unteren Abschnitt 101, hier im vertikal unteren Ende eines Bereiches des zylindrischen Abschnitts 101 des Gehäuses 10 ausgebildet.The first outlet 104 is in the upper - formed section 102 of the housing 10 - conical here. It is preferably formed directly at the upper end of the housing 10 . The second outlet 105, on the other hand, is formed in the lower section 101, which is cylindrical here, here in the vertically lower end of an area of the cylindrical section 101 of the housing 10.

Den Abläufen 104, 105 vorgeschaltet sind Ringräume 107, 108 des Gehäuses. Die Abläufe ermöglichen einen Ablauf von Flüssigkeit aus den Ringräumen 107, 108 im Betrieb der sich dann drehenden Trommel 20. Die Bedeutung und die vorteilhafte Wirkung dieser Ringräume 107, 108 werden weiter unten noch erläutert.Annular spaces 107, 108 of the housing are connected upstream of the processes 104, 105. The drains allow liquid to drain from the annular spaces 107, 108 during operation of the then rotating drum 20. The importance and the advantageous effect of these annular spaces 107, 108 will be explained further below.

Die Abläufe 104, 105 des Gehäuses sind hier als radial aus dem Gehäuse 10 führende Stutzen ausgebildet, an die Leitungen, insbesondere Schläuche oder dgl. (hier nicht dargestellt), anschließbar sind. An die Zu- und Ablaufe werden vorzugweise eine Zu- und mehrere Ablaufleitungen, insbesondere Ablaufrohre oder Schläuche angeschlossen.The outlets 104, 105 of the housing are designed here as connecting pieces leading radially out of the housing 10, to which lines, in particular hoses or the like (here not shown), can be connected. One inlet and several outlet lines, in particular outlet pipes or hoses, are preferably connected to the inlet and outlet.

Innerhalb des Gehäuses 10 ist eine drehbare Trommel 20 mit einer gedachten "idealen" Drehachse D angeordnet, die eine vertikale Drehachse ist. Die reale Drehachse weicht durch Präzessionsbewegungen von dieser "idealen Drehachse" D ab.Disposed within the housing 10 is a rotatable drum 20 having an imaginary "ideal" axis of rotation D which is a vertical axis of rotation. The real axis of rotation deviates from this "ideal axis of rotation" D due to precession movements.

Die Trommel 20 und ihre Bestandteile bestehen ganz oder jedenfalls zum überwiegenden Teil (idealerweise bis auf noch zu erläuternde Magnete) ebenfalls aus einem Kunststoff- oder aus einem Kunststoff-Verbundwerkstoff. Auch die Trommel 20 weist hier einen unteren zylindrischen Abschnitt 201 und einen oberen konischen Abschnitt 202 auf.The drum 20 and its components consist entirely or at least for the most part (ideally apart from the magnets that are still to be explained) also made of a plastic material or a plastic composite material. The drum 20 also has a lower cylindrical section 201 and an upper conical section 202 here.

Das Zulaufrohr 106 des Gehäuses 10 steht wie dieses im Betrieb still. Es erstreckt sich vertikal von oben durch die Zulauföffnungen des Gehäuses 10 bis in die Trommel 20 bis in ein zum Zulaufrohr konzentrisches Verteilerohr 203 des Verteilers 204 der Trommel 20.Like this, the inlet pipe 106 of the housing 10 is stationary during operation. It extends vertically from above through the inlet openings of the housing 10 into the drum 20 and into a distributor tube 203 of the distributor 204 of the drum 20 that is concentric with the inlet pipe.

Zwischen dem sich im Betrieb nicht drehenden Zulaufrohr 106 und dem sich drehenden Verteilerohr 203 der Trommel 20 kann eine Lagereinrichtung 310 ausgebildet sein. Diese Lagereinrichtung 310 ist vorzugsweise als ein radial wirkendes Magnetlager ausgebildet, das die Trommel 20 an ihrem oberen Ende während des Betriebes stabilisieren soll. Dieses Magnetlager am oberen Ende der Trommel 20 - auch Trommelkopf genannt - mindert in einfacher Weise mögliche Pendelbewegungen der Trommel 2. Es weist beispielsweise korrespondierende Magnete umlaufend verteilt um das Zulaufrohr 106 und in dem Verteilerrohr 203 auf, die radial beabstandet sind und magnetlagerartig zusammenwirken.A bearing device 310 can be formed between the feed pipe 106 , which does not rotate during operation, and the rotating distributor pipe 203 of the drum 20 . This bearing device 310 is preferably designed as a radially acting magnetic bearing which is intended to stabilize the drum 20 at its upper end during operation. This magnetic bearing at the upper end of the drum 20 - also known as the drum head - reduces possible pendulum movements of the drum 2 in a simple manner. It has, for example, corresponding magnets distributed around the inlet pipe 106 and in the distributor pipe 203, which are radially spaced and interact like magnetic bearings.

Das Verteilerrohr 203 des Verteilers 204 mündet nach unten in radiale Verteilerkanäle 205, die in einen Trennraum bzw. Schleuderraum 206 führen. In diesem Trennraum 206 kann ein Klärmittel wie ein Tellerpaket 207 angeordnet sein. Der Verteiler 204 kann einen Verteilersockel 205a aufweisen, der wiederum einen unteren zylindrischen Ansatz 205b aufweist, der nach unten hin axial aus der Trommel 20, insbesondere aus deren zylindrischem Abschnitt 201 vorsteht.The distribution tube 203 of the distributor 204 opens downwards into radial distribution channels 205 which lead into a separation chamber or centrifugal chamber 206 . In this separating space 206, a clarification agent such as a plate pack 207 can be arranged. The manifold 204 may include a manifold base 205a, which in turn has a lower cylindrical Extension 205b which protrudes axially downwards from the drum 20, in particular from the cylindrical section 201.

In dem Trennraum 206 wird eine zu verarbeitende Suspension S, die durch das Zulaufrohr 106 in die Trommel 20 geleitet wird, im angetriebenen Drehbetrieb der Trommel 20 durch die Zentrifugalkraft in zumindest zwei fließfähige Phasen LP und HP verschiedener Dichte getrennt. Die Phase LP geringerer Dichte strömt im Trennraum 206 radial nach innen und wird dort über einen ersten Ableitungskanal 208 nach oben in die radiale Ableitung 209 und wird durch diese radial aus der sich drehenden Trommel in den ersten Ringraum 107 ausgestoßen. Hierbei verlässt die Phase LP die Trommel auf einem Radius ro. Von dort fließt sie - aufgrund ihres Impulses im Ringraum kreisend - durch die obere Ableitung 104 aus dem Gehäuse 10.In the separating space 206, a suspension S to be processed, which is fed through the feed pipe 106 into the drum 20, is separated into at least two free-flowing phases LP and HP of different densities by centrifugal force when the drum 20 is being driven in rotation. The lower density phase LP flows radially inwards in the separation space 206 and is there via a first discharge channel 208 upwards into the radial discharge line 209 and is thereby radially expelled from the rotating drum into the first annulus 107 . Here, the phase LP leaves the drum on a radius ro. From there it flows - circling in the annular space due to its momentum - through the upper discharge line 104 out of the housing 10.

Die Phase HP größerer Dichte strömt im Trennraum 206 radial nach außen und wird nach unten hin über einen Scheideteller bzw. ein Ringwehr 210 in einen zweiten Ableitungskanal 211 unterhalb des Ringwehrs 210 hier zunächst radial nach innen geleitet und aus diesem radial aus der sich drehenden Trommel 20 in den zweiten unteren Ringraum 108 ausgestoßen. Von dort fließt diese zweite Flüssigkeitsphase größerer Dichte - aufgrund ihres Impulses im Ringraum 108 kreisend - durch die zweite untere Ableitung 105 aus dem Gehäuse 10. Hierbei verlässt die Phase HP die Trommel auf einem Radius ru.. Durch das Verhältnis von ro zu ru lässt sich der Radius der Trennzone zwischen den beiden Phasen innerhalb des Tellerpaketes einstellen und derart eine Regulierung der Durchfußmengen der einzelnen Phasen realisieren. Hierzu wird in einfacher Weise durch eine Blende (hier nicht dargestellt) der Radius ru verändert.The higher-density HP phase flows radially outwards in the separating space 206 and is directed downwards via a separating plate or a ring weir 210 into a second discharge channel 211 below the ring weir 210, here initially radially inwards and from there radially out of the rotating drum 20 ejected into the second lower annulus 108 . From there, this second liquid phase of greater density flows - due to its momentum circling in the annular space 108 - through the second lower derivative 105 out of the housing 10. The phase HP leaves the drum at a radius ru .. The ratio of ro to ru allows adjust the radius of the separation zone between the two phases within the disk pack and thus regulate the throughput quantities of the individual phases. For this purpose, the radius ru is changed in a simple manner by means of an aperture (not shown here).

In dem vertikalen Bereich zwischen den Ableitungen 104 und 105 sind das Gehäuse 10 und die Trommel 20 durch einen Luftspalt LS voneinander beabstandet. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da derart aufgrund relativ problemlos eine hohe Drehzahl der Trommel 20 erreicht werden kann. Der Luftspalt LS füllt sich in diesem Bereich nicht mit einer der abzuleitenden Phasen HP, LP.In the vertical region between the leads 104 and 105, the housing 10 and the drum 20 are spaced apart by an air gap LS. This is advantageous since a high speed of rotation of the drum 20 can be achieved relatively easily in this way. In this area, the air gap LS does not fill with one of the phases HP, LP to be discharged.

Die Trommel 20 wird innerhalb des Gehäuses 10 durch eine elektromagnetische Lager- und Antriebsvorrichtung 30 in der Schwebe gehalten und in Drehung versetzt. Die elektromagnetische Lager- und Antriebsvorrichtung 30 kann eine oder mehrere Lager- und/oder Antriebseinheiten aufweisen.The drum 20 is levitated and rotated within the housing 10 by an electromagnetic bearing and drive mechanism 30 . The electromagnetic bearing and drive device 30 can have one or more bearing and/or drive units.

Hier umfasst sie vorzugsweise wenigstens zwei oder drei dieser Einheiten.Here it preferably comprises at least two or three of these units.

So kann die elektromagnetische Lager- und Antriebsvorrichtung 30 die bereits beschriebene obere radial wirkende Lagereinrichtung 310 aufweisen.Thus, the electromagnetic bearing and drive device 30 can have the upper radially acting bearing device 310 already described.

Die elektromagnetische Lager- und Antriebsvorrichtung 30 kann ferner eine untere axial wirkende Lagereinrichtung 320 aufweisen.The electromagnetic bearing and drive device 30 can also have a lower axially acting bearing device 320 .

Diese axial wirkende Lagereinrichtung 320 dient im Wesentlichen dazu, die Trommel 20 innerhalb des Gehäuses 10 axial durch Levitation in der Schwebe zu halten. Sie kann erste Magnete 321 an einem Widerlager, beispielsweise an der Unterseite des Gehäuses oder an einem Stator 331 unterhalb des Gehäuses 10 aufweisen.This axially acting bearing device 320 essentially serves to keep the drum 20 floating within the housing 10 axially by levitation. It can have first magnets 321 on an abutment, for example on the underside of the housing or on a stator 331 below the housing 10 .

Zudem kann die axial wirkende Lagereinrichtung 320 zweite axial oberhalb der ersten Magnete 321 angeordnete und zu diesen beabstandete zweite Magnete 322 im unteren Bereich, insbesondere an der Unterseite, der Trommel 20 aufweisen.In addition, the axially acting bearing device 320 can have second magnets 322 arranged axially above the first magnets 321 and spaced apart from them in the lower region, in particular on the underside, of the drum 20 .

Diese ersten und/oder zweiten Magnete 321, 322 können als geeignet ausgerichtete bzw. gepolte Permanentmagnete ausgebildet sein, derart, dass die Trommel 1 im Drehbetrieb axial in der Schwebe gehalten werden kann. Diese Magnete 321, 322 können dazu umlaufend oder geeignet umfangsverteilt auf zwei vertikal fluchtenden Kreisen gleichen Durchmessers angeordnet sein, derart, dass ihre Wirkung dafür sorgt, dass die Trommel 20 innerhalb des Gehäuses axial magnetisch levitierend in der Schwebe gehalten wird. Auch Elektromagnete inkl. einer geeigneten Ansteuereinrichtung (hier nicht dargestellt) können für die Funktion der ersten Magnete 321 eingesetzt werden.These first and/or second magnets 321, 322 can be designed as suitably aligned or polarized permanent magnets, such that the drum 1 can be held axially suspended during rotary operation. For this purpose, these magnets 321, 322 can be arranged circumferentially or suitably distributed circumferentially on two vertically aligned circles of the same diameter, such that their effect ensures that the drum 20 is held axially magnetically levitating within the housing. Electromagnets including a suitable control device (not shown here) can also be used for the function of the first magnets 321.

Die elektromagnetische Lager- und Antriebsvorrichtung 30 kann ferner einen Elektromotor 330 aufweisen, dessen Rotormagnet 332 an der Trommel 20 ausgebildet ist und dessen Stator 331 und Statormagnet 333 außerhalb des Gehäuses 10 ausgebiidet ist. Die Zentrierung der Trommel geschieht durch geeignete Ansteuerung der Statormagnete 333.The electromagnetic bearing and drive device 30 can also have an electric motor 330 whose rotor magnet 332 is formed on the drum 20 and whose stator 331 and stator magnet 333 are formed outside the housing 10. The drum is centered by suitably controlling the stator magnets 333.

Die Antriebsvorrichtung kann elektromagnetisch betrieben werden. Es ist aber auch ein Antrieb über rotierende Permanentmagneten realisierbar.The drive device can be operated electromagnetically. However, a drive via rotating permanent magnets can also be implemented.

Derartige Lager- und Antriebsvorrichtungen werden von der Firma Levitronix z.B. für den Antrieb von Zentrifugalpumpen verwendet ( EP2273124B1 ).Such storage and drive devices are used by Levitronix, for example, to drive centrifugal pumps ( EP2273124B1 ).

Im Betrieb dreht sich die Trommel 20. Dabei wird sie axial in der Schwebe gehalten und radial zentriert. Vorzugsweise wird die Trommel 20 mit einer Drehzahl zwischen 1.000 und 20.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute betrieben Die aufgrund der Rotation entstehenden Kräfte führen zur bereits weiter oben beschriebenen Trennung einer zu verarbeitenden Suspension in verschiedene fließfähige Phasen und zu deren Ableitung, wie weiter oben bereits im Detail beschreiben.During operation, the drum 20 rotates. In doing so, it is held in suspension axially and centered radially. The drum 20 is preferably operated at a speed of between 1,000 and 20,000 revolutions per minute. The forces arising from the rotation lead to the above-described separation of a suspension to be processed into various flowable phases and their derivation, as already described above in detail.

Mit der beschriebenen Ausführung ist es wiederum möglich, einen Separator nebst Gehäuse zu schaffen, der bis auf das Antriebssystem und Teile der Lagerung für eine Einmalverwendung auslegt werden kann, was wiederum insbesondere in Hinsicht für die Verarbeitung pharmazeutischer Produkte wie Fermentationsbrühen oder dgl. von Interesse und Vorteil ist, da nach dem Betrieb zur Verarbeitung einer entsprechenden Produktcharge im während der Verarbeitung der Produktcharge vorzugsweise kontinuierlichen Betrieb keine Reinigung der Trommel durchgeführt werden muss sondern der Separator nebst Gehäuse insgesamt ausgetauscht werden kann. Ggf. können einzelne Elemente wie Magnete geeignet recycelt werden.With the embodiment described, it is in turn possible to create a separator together with the housing, which apart from the drive system and parts of the bearing can be designed for single use, which in turn is of particular interest with regard to the processing of pharmaceutical products such as fermentation broths or the like The advantage is that after the operation for processing a corresponding product batch in the preferably continuous operation during the processing of the product batch, the drum does not have to be cleaned, but the separator together with the housing can be replaced as a whole. If necessary, individual elements such as magnets can be suitably recycled.

BezugszeichenReference sign

Zentrifugecentrifuge 11 GehäuseHousing 1010 unterer zylindrischer Abschnittlower cylindrical section 101101 oberer konischer Abschnittupper conical section 102102 Zulauföffnunginlet opening 103103 Abläufeprocesses 104, 105104, 105 Zulaufrohrinlet pipe 106106 Ringräumeannuli 107, 108107, 108 Trommeldrum 2020 unterer zylindrischer Abschnittlower cylindrical section 201201 oberer konischer Abschnittupper conical section 202202 Verteilerohrdistribution pipe 203203 Verteilerdistributor 204204 Verteilerkanäledistribution channels 205205 Trennraumseparation space 206206 Tellerpaketplate pack 207207 Verteilersockeldistribution base 205a205a zylindrischer Ansatzcylindrical approach 205b205b Ableitungskanaldrainage channel 208208 Ableitungderivation 209209 Ringwehrring weir 210210 Ableitungskanaldrainage channel 211211 Lager- und AntriebsvorrichtungStorage and drive device 3030 obere radiale Lagereinrichtungupper radial bearing device 310310 untere axiale Lagereinrichtunglower axial bearing device 320320 erste Magnetefirst magnets 321321 Statorstator 331331 zweite Magnetesecond magnets 322322 Elektromotorelectric motor 330330 Statorstator 331331 Rotormagnetrotor magnet 332332 Statormagnetstator magnet 333333 Drehachseaxis of rotation DD Suspensionsuspension SS fließfähige Phasenflowable phases LP und HPLP and HP Luftspaltair gap LSLS Oberer Radiusupper radius rored Unterer Radiuslower radius ruru

Claims (9)

  1. Separator for separating a flowable suspension (S) in a centrifugal field into at least two flowable phases (HP, LP) of different densities, which comprises the following
    a) a housing (10) which is stationary in operation and is designed as a tank which has at least three openings, said openings comprising an inlet (103) for an inflowing suspension and two vertically spaced outlets (104, 105) for flowable phases of different density (HP, LL), to which annular spaces (107, 108) of the housing (10) are assigned in each case,
    b) a rotatable drum (20) arranged inside the housing (10) with a vertical axis of rotation (d), which likewise has three openings corresponding to the openings of the housing from a),
    c) a multi-part support and drive device (30) with which the drum is held in suspension, supported and made to rotate within the housing,
    characterized in that
    d) the housing consists of a plastic or a plastic composite material,
    e) the housing has only the three openings and is otherwise formed in a hermetically sealed manner, and
    f) vertically between the two outlets (104, 105) and annular spaces (107, 108) of the housing in operation, an air gap (LS) is formed between the housing (10) and the drum (20) which, in operation, when the drum (20) rotates, is not filled with any of the outflowing phases (HP, LP).
  2. Separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet is formed as an inlet pipe (106) which extends vertically from above in the direction of the center of the housing (10), and in that the two outlets (104, 105) are radially aligned.
  3. Separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support and drive device (30) comprises at least two permanently and/or electromagnetically acting bearing and/or drive units.
  4. Separator according to claim 3, characterized in that one of the bearing and/or drive units is formed as a first, axially acting magnetic bearing which is formed below the drum (20) and is designed to keep the drum (20) in suspension.
  5. Separator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a second of the bearing and/or drive units is designed to radially support and rotate the drum (20) at its lower end.
  6. Separator according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that a third of the bearing and/or drive units is designed and arranged as a radially acting magnetic bearing (320) for supporting the drum at its upper axial end.
  7. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distributor (104) and a separating means (107), in particular a plate pack, are arranged in the drum (20).
  8. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first liquid outlet (209) is formed on the drum (20) in the upper axial region and a second liquid outlet (211) is formed in the lower axial region of the drum (20).
  9. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the two liquid outlets (211) is associated with a device for adjusting the separation zone within the drum (20).
EP18804286.5A 2017-11-27 2018-11-15 Separator Active EP3717132B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102017128027.8A DE102017128027A1 (en) 2017-11-27 2017-11-27 separator
PCT/EP2018/081411 WO2019101624A1 (en) 2017-11-27 2018-11-15 Separator

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EP3717132A1 EP3717132A1 (en) 2020-10-07
EP3717132B1 true EP3717132B1 (en) 2023-09-06

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US (1) US11596954B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3717132B1 (en)
KR (1) KR102633486B1 (en)
CN (1) CN111372687B (en)
DE (1) DE102017128027A1 (en)
DK (1) DK3717132T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2965723T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2019101624A1 (en)

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EP3717132A1 (en) 2020-10-07
DK3717132T3 (en) 2023-11-27
KR20200086365A (en) 2020-07-16
US20210031215A1 (en) 2021-02-04
WO2019101624A1 (en) 2019-05-31
CN111372687A (en) 2020-07-03
DE102017128027A1 (en) 2019-05-29
US11596954B2 (en) 2023-03-07
KR102633486B1 (en) 2024-02-02
CN111372687B (en) 2024-02-23
ES2965723T3 (en) 2024-04-16

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