EP3702684B1 - Air conditioning of rooms with source air supply and temperature control - Google Patents
Air conditioning of rooms with source air supply and temperature control Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3702684B1 EP3702684B1 EP20155457.3A EP20155457A EP3702684B1 EP 3702684 B1 EP3702684 B1 EP 3702684B1 EP 20155457 A EP20155457 A EP 20155457A EP 3702684 B1 EP3702684 B1 EP 3702684B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- outlet
- opening portion
- channel
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
- F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
- F24F13/075—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser having parallel rods or lamellae directing the outflow, e.g. the rods or lamellae being individually adjustable
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0011—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by air outlets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0043—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements
- F24F1/0053—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements mounted at least partially below the floor; with air distribution below the floor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
- F24F13/0236—Ducting arrangements with ducts including air distributors, e.g. air collecting boxes with at least three openings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
- F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/082—Grilles, registers or guards
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
- F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
- F24F13/1426—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
- F24F7/10—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit with air supply, or exhaust, through perforated wall, floor or ceiling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/20—Details or features not otherwise provided for mounted in or close to a window
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/28—Details or features not otherwise provided for using the Coanda effect
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/40—HVAC with raised floors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for air conditioning rooms and a method for air conditioning rooms.
- the air conditioning of rooms involves influencing various parameters of the room air.
- the present invention deals on the one hand with temperature control, ie heating and/or cooling, and on the other hand with air exchange in the form of a desired displacement ventilation by supplying displacement air.
- the device is used for the combined supply of warm air and colder supply air (displacement air) into a room and is installed in a corner area in the floor.
- One or two adjacent convectors form the heating element.
- the supply air supply element is designed as an elongated shaft and has an air outlet on its upper open side, which is formed by a perforated plate with a large number of large-area, circular openings and is covered with a filter mat.
- air is fed in via an air inlet connector and discharged upwards through the air outlet. Room air coming from the room enters an air inlet duct through an air inlet, is heated by the convectors and is discharged at an air outlet of the heating element.
- a device for air-conditioning a room which is used to control the temperature of secondary air and enables source air to be supplied as required.
- the device has an inflow chamber, a mixing chamber, an air distribution chamber and an outflow chamber.
- Source air can flow out of the air distribution chamber through controllable outflow nozzles.
- the controllable outflow nozzles make it possible to mix at least part of the source air with the heated secondary air in the mixing chamber. Heated secondary air and part of the source air then enter the room to be tempered from a common air outlet.
- This known device requires a large number of chambers, above all outflow nozzles which can be controlled with a corresponding control system, in order to mix cold source air with the heated secondary air as required.
- the device according to the invention comprises a duct which is intended in particular to be arranged as a floor duct.
- the direction in which the channel extends is referred to here as the longitudinal direction.
- a first channel section and a second channel section run parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction.
- the first duct section serves to supply source air as primary air.
- at least one source air supply to the first duct section is provided, preferably several, for example in the form of multiple source air sockets arranged spaced apart in the longitudinal direction.
- the first duct section has a first opening section, which is oriented toward an opening side of the duct. In the preferred bottom mounting of the duct, the opening side is preferably the top.
- the first opening section is designed to discharge the source air into the room.
- the second duct section is designed for the temperature control of room air (secondary air) and has a second opening section, which is also aligned towards the opening side of the duct.
- the first and second opening sections are preferably arranged next to one another on the opening side of the channel, particularly preferably directly adjacent to one another.
- the second opening section is designed to take in secondary air and to release temperature-controlled secondary air.
- For temperature control of the secondary air is in the second Channel section arranged a temperature control element.
- the temperature control can include heating and/or cooling the air.
- the temperature control element can be designed, for example, as a heat exchanger, radiator or convector.
- a fan for conveying the secondary air can also be provided in the second duct section.
- Displacement air usually treated outside air
- An air supply can preferably be designed in such a way that a source air sea forms in the room. If the source air is heated by heat sources, for example people, electrical devices, etc., there is a buoyancy so that the air, which is contaminated in this way, rises to the ceiling of the room, where it can be extracted, for example.
- a temperature control of the room air is aimed at for room air conditioning, in particular a heating of the room air during the heating period.
- the invention is based on the finding that, in order to achieve a desired displacement ventilation with the formation of a source air lake, it is advantageous to separate the air flows, ie the secondary air on the one hand and the source air on the other. It is therefore proposed according to the invention to provide a special outlet shape at the first opening section for discharging the source air, which can support a separation of the air flows.
- one or more slot outlets are provided at the first opening portion, each of which is aligned in the longitudinal direction.
- an air flow can be achieved which counteracts the source air being sucked in at the second opening section.
- a slot outlet tends to generate a flat air flow with a low tendency to turbulence.
- a targeted alignment of the flow in a direction pointing away from the second opening section is possible. In this way, the proportion of the discharged source air that is subsequently taken in again at the second opening section can be significantly reduced.
- a slit outlet is understood to mean any outlet shape which, as the outlet opening, has an elongate shape oriented in the longitudinal direction, ie the extent of which is greater in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction.
- the extension of the outlet opening in the longitudinal direction is preferably more than 3 times the extension in the transverse direction, particularly preferably more than 5 times.
- a plurality of slot outlets can preferably be arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction in the first opening section, more preferably with a small spacing of, for example, less than 50%, particularly preferably less than 20% of the length of the individual slot outlets.
- hole outlets for discharging the source air are arranged on the first opening section in addition to the slot outlet or slot outlets.
- the hole outlets can be provided, for example, as perforations in a wall element, preferably a metal sheet.
- the perforations can have any shape, for example round or rectangular.
- one or more rows of holes aligned in the longitudinal direction can be provided, for example in an equidistant arrangement.
- At least one slot outlet or preferably a row of slot outlets is arranged in the transverse direction of the channel between the hole outlets and the second opening section.
- the slot outlets and the directed air flow discharged therefrom thus form a barrier between the flow of source air from the hole outlets and the second opening portion of the duct.
- additional outlets for example slot outlets, can also be provided at another location.
- the aim is to provide at least one row of slot outlets on an edge of the first opening section that borders on the second opening section.
- the slot outlet or slot outlets preferably has an air guiding element.
- the slot outlet is preferably not just a slot-shaped (elongated) opening in an outlet plane of a first opening section, but an air guiding element, which preferably extends at least essentially transversely to the outlet plane, for guiding the emitted source air is arranged.
- the air guiding element can thus shape and direct the discharged air flow.
- a wall element delimiting the slit in the transverse direction and projecting from the slit opening into the interior of the first duct section can serve as an air guiding element.
- the wall element can have a flat shape, as will be explained below with reference to preferred embodiments, but it can preferably also be curved and in particular have part-circular sections.
- the air guiding element can preferably be designed to guide the discharged source air in a direction which has a desired angle to the outlet plane.
- the angle can be 20 to 90° to the outlet plane.
- the angle is preferably less than 90°, so that the air guiding element guides the discharged source air in an oblique direction.
- directions in the range of up to 60° relative to the outlet plane are preferred.
- the direction is particularly preferably directed away from the second opening section in order to prevent, but at least to significantly reduce, mixing with the secondary air sucked in there.
- the slot outlet with the air guiding element can be designed to discharge displacement air at an angle of, for example, 20 to 60°, preferably 50° or less, particularly preferably 40° or less.
- At least one of the slot outlets can have an adjustment element for adjusting the slot width and/or outlet device.
- the adjusting element can preferably be arranged within an air guiding element.
- the adjustment element can be aligned in the longitudinal direction and can be displaced to adjust the slot outlet.
- the adjusting element can be displaceable in a transverse direction in order to enable the slot width and/or the outlet device to be adjusted.
- the adjustment element can have a round cross section, at least essentially and/or at least in sections, preferably on an outer surface.
- An air guiding element can also have a round cross section, at least partially and/or at least in sections, preferably on an inner surface. In addition to circular cross sections, this also includes other rounded cross sections such as oval shapes. Such rounded surfaces favorably result in a low flow resistance.
- an adjustment element can be displaced by rotating an adjustment element.
- the adjustment element can be rotatable about an adjustment axis, which is preferably aligned in the longitudinal direction of the slot.
- the adjustment element can be attached to the adjustment element eccentrically to the adjustment axis, so that it can be displaced by rotating the adjustment axis.
- an inlet section for admitting the secondary air and an outlet section for discharging the temperature-controlled secondary air are arranged on the second opening section.
- the inlet and outlet sections are arranged parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction.
- the inlet section is arranged between the outlet section and the first opening section.
- a distribution wall element can be provided in the first duct section between at least one of the source air supply lines and the first opening section.
- the distribution wall member may extend longitudinally.
- the distribution wall element can be arranged on the second opening section for at least partially separating a direct connection line between the source air supply and an opening. It can thus contribute to better air distribution, in particular to a more even distribution in the longitudinal direction.
- a plurality of separate distribution wall elements can be provided, or alternatively a single distribution wall element can also extend over the entire length.
- the distribution wall element is preferably a flat, planar element, particularly preferably a metal sheet.
- the distribution wall element can be arranged obliquely to the outlet plane of the first opening section, for example. at an angle of 20 to 70° to the outlet plane, preferably 30 to 60°.
- a direction of the discharged air flow of the source air can be specified or at least supported.
- the distribution wall element can preferably be inclined in a direction away from the second opening section.
- the distribution wall element is particularly preferably arranged in such a way that it leaves a passage area free between the source air supply and the first opening section, which is significantly reduced compared to the width of the first duct section.
- the passband can correspond to less than 50% of the width of the first channel section, preferably 25% or less.
- a width of the passband can be determined, for example, in a plane parallel to the outlet plane of the first opening section.
- the temperature control element can be designed as a heat exchanger.
- it can have at least one line for a tempering liquid, ie a cooling or heating medium.
- the temperature control element preferably also has a number of lamellae in order to achieve an increased surface area for temperature control of the secondary air flow.
- the line for the heat transfer liquid can be connected to a cooling and/or heating device.
- the device according to the invention can be arranged within a room in a floor duct.
- the floor duct can particularly preferably be arranged along a wall or a facade element, for example a window.
- the second channel section is preferably arranged in the direction of the wall or the facade element, ie between this and the first channel section. More preferably, the second opening section can be arranged flush with or at only a small distance from the wall or from the facade element, so that the air flow of the secondary air can be aligned along the wall or the facade element.
- the method according to the invention includes the use of the device described above, with source air being supplied for source air supply and the temperature control element being operated for temperature control of the secondary air.
- the operation has proven to be very efficient and well suited to the formation of displacement ventilation and the formation of a spring air lake.
- the first embodiment of an air conditioning device 10 shown comprises a duct 12 with a sheet metal wall formed on three sides and an upper opening side 14.
- the duct 12 is divided by a partition 16 in a longitudinal direction L into a first duct section 18 and a second duct section 20. In 1 only part of the channel 12 is shown, which otherwise extends further in the longitudinal direction L.
- cover grating 28 On the top of the channel 12 is covered by a cover grating 28, which is only partially shown here for reasons of clarity.
- the first channel section 18 includes an interior space 22 which is delimited by the wall of the channel 12 and the partition wall 16 .
- the first channel section 18 has a first opening section 24 on the opening side 14 of the channel 12 .
- Source air 30 is supplied to the interior space 22 of the first duct section 18 by a plurality of source air sockets 26, which are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction L, and discharged through the first opening section 24 at the top.
- a distribution plate 32 serves to better distribute the supplied source air 30 over the length L.
- the distribution plate 32 covers a direct straight connection between the fresh air supply 26 and the first opening section 24.
- the lower end of the distribution plate 32 is at a distance D from the partition 16 arranged, which is considerably smaller than the entire width B1 of the first channel section 18.
- the distribution plate 32 is arranged obliquely in the interior 22, in the example shown at an angle ⁇ of approximately 50° to the horizontal.
- various types of outlets are arranged within a horizontal outlet plane.
- this comprises a number of slot outlets 32 arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction L and hole outlets 34 arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction L relative to one another.
- the slot outlets 32 are on the inside of the first opening section 24, i.e. adjacent to the second Channel section 20 and the hole outlets 34 arranged on the outside.
- the hole outlets 34 are round bores in a flat cover plate.
- the slot outlets 32 are in Figure 4, Figure 5 shown in more detail. As shown there, they comprise a slit-shaped outlet opening 36 which is aligned in the longitudinal direction L. In the example shown, the slit opening 36 is subdivided by separating discs 38 .
- the slot opening 36 is bounded by a slot frame 40, from which (see figure 5 ) Wall elements 42 extend downwards in the direction of the interior space 22 of the first channel section 18 .
- the wall elements 42 are rounded and have an inner contour which in some sections has the shape of a cylindrical surface of a circular cylinder.
- the wall elements 42 define an inner region 44 of the slot outlet 32 with a circular border in cross-section in sections and a first longitudinal center axis L1.
- An adjusting element 46 is movably arranged within the inner region 44 of the slot outlet 32 .
- the adjustment element 46 is designed as a circular cylinder with a central longitudinal axis L2 and has a smaller diameter than the inner area 44.
- the adjustment element 46 is arranged eccentrically within the inner area 44 of the slot outlet 32, so that the longitudinal axes L1 and L2 are spaced apart from one another.
- a round adjuster 48 disposed at one end of the slit outlet 32 .
- the adjustment element 48, adjustment element 46 and the cutting discs 38 can preferably be formed in one piece.
- the adjusting element 46 can be displaced by rotating the unit formed from these elements within the inner area 44 of the slot outlet 32 about the axis L1, so that different parts of the inner area 44 are covered depending on the position specified by rotating the adjusting element 48 .
- an effective flow available for the throughflow Slot width can be adjusted.
- a significant narrowing of the outlet can be achieved by shifting the adjustment element 46 in front of the slot opening 36 .
- a lateral shift such as in figure 5 shown, a delivery direction of the source air 30 that is oblique to the vertical can be specified.
- the wall elements 42 thus serve as air guiding elements.
- the source air flow 30 that is discharged at the first opening section 24 is composed of a first portion that is discharged through the slot outlets 32 and a second portion that flows out through the hole outlets 34 .
- the first portion of the source air 30 flowing through the slot outlets 32 is a largely level, directed flow with little turbulence due to the shape of the slot.
- the first portion of the source air exits in a targeted manner at an oblique angle to the outlet plane, directed away from the second duct section 20 .
- the second portion of the source air 30 discharged through the hole outlets 34 is less oriented and laminar compared to the first portion. However, it still has a predominantly oblique outflow direction to the outlet plane, which is influenced by the oblique position of the separating plate 32 .
- the overall result is an air flow of the source air in an oblique direction oriented to the top right in the drawings.
- the directed first portion of the source air covers the second portion and acts as a separating jet in relation to the second duct section 20.
- the second channel section 20 includes an interior 48 in which a convector 50 is arranged as a temperature control element.
- the convector 50 comprises a multiplicity of sheet metal lamellae arranged upright (not shown in detail) and a temperature control medium line (not shown), which is connected to a heating and/or cooling device.
- the convector 50 is used to heat room air and is operated with a heating medium. Then the result is as in 2 Convection, shown schematically at a second opening section 54 on the upper side of the duct 12, in which secondary air 56 is drawn in through a receiving section 58, heated by the convector 50 and discharged as heated secondary air 60 through an outlet section 62.
- the air conditioning device 10 can, as in 3 shown schematically for air conditioning a room 64 as a floor duct along a facade element 66, for example a wall or a window.
- the second channel section 20 is arranged in the direction of the facade element 66 and the first channel section 18 in the direction of the center of the room.
- Supplied source air 30 (solid lines) is discharged through the first opening portion 24 into the interior of the space 64 where it forms a source air sea 68 .
- the source air flow is a gentle air flow that flows in a directed manner over the floor into the room and contributes to the formation of a displacement ventilation with the formation of the source air lake 68 in the desired manner.
- the operation preferably takes place in such a way that source air 30 is supplied at a temperature of 2 to 4 K below room air temperature.
- the source air is supplied in such a way that the mean air speed of the source air flow 30 in the room is less than 0.3 m/s, preferably less than 0.2 m/s.
- the type, number and arrangement of the outlets, in particular in the first opening section 24, can be changed.
- 6 , 7 and 8th each show alternative embodiments with a different number of hole outlets 34 and/or slot outlets 32.
- control elements can be provided, for example for the supplied source air, z. B. as sliding elements in the source air connection piece 26, in order to enable an air-technical comparison of a plurality of floor convectors with one another.
- 10 air conditioning device 12 channel B1 Width (of 18) 14 opening side D distance/width 16 partition wall L longitudinal direction 18 first canal section L1 first longitudinal central axis (of 44) 20 second canal section L2 Longitudinal central axis (of 46) 22 inner space 24 first opening section 26
- Source air connector/fresh air supply 28 cover grid 30 displacement air/airflow 32 distribution plate/slot outlet/ divider 34 hole outlet 36 exhaust port/slot port 38 cutting disc 40 slot frame 42 Wall element/air duct element 44 interior 46 adjustment element 48 Adjustment element/interior 50 convector/tempering element/ heat exchanger 54 second opening section 56 secondary air 58 intake section/inlet section 60 heated secondary air 62 outlet section 64
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
- Duct Arrangements (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Klimatisierung von Räumen und ein Verfahren zur Klimatisierung von Räumen.The invention relates to a device for air conditioning rooms and a method for air conditioning rooms.
Die Klimatisierung von Räumen umfasst die Beeinflussung verschiedener Parameter der Raumluft. Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich einerseits mit Temperierung, das heißt Heizung und/oder Kühlung und andererseits mit Luftaustausch in Form einer angestrebten Verdrängungslüftung durch Zuführung von Quellluft.The air conditioning of rooms involves influencing various parameters of the room air. The present invention deals on the one hand with temperature control, ie heating and/or cooling, and on the other hand with air exchange in the form of a desired displacement ventilation by supplying displacement air.
Es sind bereits Vorrichtungen zur Raumklimatisierung bekannt, die in Bodenkanälen angeordnet sind. Beispielsweise beschreibt die
Aus der
Es kann als Aufgabe angesehen werden, eine Raumklimatisierung in besonders effizienter Weise zu ermöglichen.It can be regarded as an object to enable room air conditioning in a particularly efficient manner.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung zur Klimatisierung von Räumen gemäß Anspruch 1 und ein Verfahren zur Klimatisierung von Räumen gemäß Anspruch 11. Abhängige Ansprüche beziehen sich auf vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.The object is achieved by a device for air-conditioning rooms according to claim 1 and a method for air-conditioning rooms according to claim 11. Dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfasst einen Kanal, der insbesondere zur Anordnung als Bodenkanal vorgesehen ist. Die Erstreckungsrichtung des Kanals wird hier als Längsrichtung bezeichnet. In Längsrichtung verlaufen parallel nebeneinander ein erster Kanalabschnitt und ein zweiter Kanalabschnitt.The device according to the invention comprises a duct which is intended in particular to be arranged as a floor duct. The direction in which the channel extends is referred to here as the longitudinal direction. A first channel section and a second channel section run parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction.
Der erste Kanalabschnitt dient zur Zuführung von Quellluft als Primärluft. Hierfür ist zumindest eine Quellluftzuführung zum ersten Kanalabschnitt vorgesehen, bevorzugt mehrere, beispielsweise in Form von mehreren über die Längsrichtung beabstandet angeordneten Quellluft-Stutzen. Zur Abgabe der Quellluft weist der erste Kanalabschnitt einen ersten Öffnungsabschnitt auf, der zu einer Öffnungsseite des Kanals hin ausgerichtet ist. Bei der bevorzugten Bodenmontage des Kanals ist die Öffnungsseite bevorzugt die Oberseite. Der erste Öffnungsabschnitt ist zur Abgabe der Quellluft in den Raum ausgelegt.The first duct section serves to supply source air as primary air. For this purpose, at least one source air supply to the first duct section is provided, preferably several, for example in the form of multiple source air sockets arranged spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. In order to release the source air, the first duct section has a first opening section, which is oriented toward an opening side of the duct. In the preferred bottom mounting of the duct, the opening side is preferably the top. The first opening section is designed to discharge the source air into the room.
Der zweite Kanalabschnitt ist für die Temperierung von Raumluft (Sekundärluft) ausgelegt und weist einen zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt auf, der ebenfalls zur Öffnungsseite des Kanals hin ausgerichtet ist. Bevorzugt sind der erste und der zweite Öffnungsabschnitt nebeneinander auf der Öffnungsseite des Kanals angeordnet, besonders bevorzugt unmittelbar aneinander angrenzend.The second duct section is designed for the temperature control of room air (secondary air) and has a second opening section, which is also aligned towards the opening side of the duct. The first and second opening sections are preferably arranged next to one another on the opening side of the channel, particularly preferably directly adjacent to one another.
Der zweite Öffnungsabschnitt ist zur Aufnahme von Sekundärluft und zur Abgabe von temperierter Sekundärluft ausgelegt. Zur Temperierung der Sekundärluft ist im zweiten Kanalabschnitt ein Temperierungselement angeordnet. Die Temperierung kann Heizen und/oder Kühlen der Luft umfassen. Das Temperierungselement kann beispielsweise als Wärmetauscher, Radiator oder auch Konvektor ausgebildet sein. Im zweiten Kanalabschnitt kann auch ein Gebläse zum Fördern der Sekundärluft vorgesehen sein.The second opening section is designed to take in secondary air and to release temperature-controlled secondary air. For temperature control of the secondary air is in the second Channel section arranged a temperature control element. The temperature control can include heating and/or cooling the air. The temperature control element can be designed, for example, as a heat exchanger, radiator or convector. A fan for conveying the secondary air can also be provided in the second duct section.
Bei der Analyse bekannter Klimatisierungsvorrichtungen ist im Rahmen der Erfindung als mögliches Problem die Anordnung von sowohl Einlässen als auch Auslässen auf der Öffnungsseite des Kanals erkannt worden. Insbesondere kann am ersten Öffnungsabschnitt abgegebene Quellluft zu einem erheblichen Teil am zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt wieder aufgenommen werden. Dies ist aber nachteilig für eine effektive Verdrängungslüftung mit der erwünschten Bildung eines Quellluftsees im Raum. Quellluft, in der Regel aufbereitete Außenluft, kann bevorzugt mit einer Temperatur leicht (beispielsweise 2 bis 4 K) unterhalb der Raumtemperatur zugeführt werden, wobei zur Erzeugung eines als angenehm empfundenen Raumklimas eine geringe Luftgeschwindigkeit angestrebt wird. Bevorzugt kann eine Luftzuführung so ausgelegt werden, dass sich ein Quellluftsee im Raum bildet. Wird die Quellluft an Wärmequellen, beispielsweise Personen, elektrischen Geräten etc. erwärmt, ergibt sich ein Auftrieb, so dass die somit belastete Luft zur Raumdecke aufsteigt, wo sie beispielsweise abgesaugt werden kann.In analyzing known air conditioning devices, the invention has identified as a possible problem the placement of both inlets and outlets on the opening side of the duct. In particular, a considerable part of the displacement air discharged at the first opening section can be taken up again at the second opening section. However, this is disadvantageous for effective displacement ventilation with the desired formation of a source air lake in the room. Displacement air, usually treated outside air, can preferably be supplied at a temperature slightly (for example 2 to 4 K) below room temperature, with a low air velocity being aimed for in order to create a room climate that is perceived as pleasant. An air supply can preferably be designed in such a way that a source air sea forms in the room. If the source air is heated by heat sources, for example people, electrical devices, etc., there is a buoyancy so that the air, which is contaminated in this way, rises to the ceiling of the room, where it can be extracted, for example.
Andererseits ist zur Raumklimatisierung auch eine Temperierung der Raumluft angestrebt, insbesondere innerhalb der Heizungsperiode eine Heizung der Raumluft.On the other hand, a temperature control of the room air is aimed at for room air conditioning, in particular a heating of the room air during the heating period.
Die Erfindung geht von der Erkenntnis aus, dass zur Erzielung einer gewünschten Verdrängungslüftung mit Bildung eines Quellluftsees eine Trennung der Luftströme, das heißt der Sekundärluft einerseits und der Quellluft andererseits, vorteilhaft ist. Daher wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, am ersten Öffnungsabschnitt zur Abgabe der Quellluft eine spezielle Auslassform vorzusehen, die eine Trennung der Luftströme unterstützen kann.The invention is based on the finding that, in order to achieve a desired displacement ventilation with the formation of a source air lake, it is advantageous to separate the air flows, ie the secondary air on the one hand and the source air on the other. It is therefore proposed according to the invention to provide a special outlet shape at the first opening section for discharging the source air, which can support a separation of the air flows.
Erfindungsgemäß ist am ersten Öffnungsabschnitt ein Schlitzauslass oder mehrere Schlitzauslässe vorgesehen, die jeweils in Längsrichtung ausgerichtet sind. Überraschend hat sich gezeigt, dass durch Verwendung von einem oder mehreren Schlitzauslässen eine Luftströmung erzielt werden kann, die einem Ansaugen der Quellluft am zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt entgegenwirkt. An einem Schlitzauslass wird - im Gegensatz zu anderen Auslassformen wie beispielsweise einem Rundauslass, Lochblech etc. - eher eine flächig ausgerichtete Luftströmung mit geringer Neigung zu Turbulenzen erzeugt. Wie nachfolgend näher erläutert wird, ist in bevorzugten Ausführungsformen insbesondere eine gezielte Ausrichtung der Strömung in einer vom zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt weg weisenden Richtung möglich. So kann der Anteil der abgegebenen Quellluft, der anschließend am zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt wieder aufgenommen wird, erheblich reduziert werden.According to the invention, one or more slot outlets are provided at the first opening portion, each of which is aligned in the longitudinal direction. Surprisingly, it has been found that by using one or more slot outlets, an air flow can be achieved which counteracts the source air being sucked in at the second opening section. In contrast to other forms of outlet, such as a round outlet, perforated plate, etc., a slot outlet tends to generate a flat air flow with a low tendency to turbulence. As explained in more detail below, in preferred embodiments in particular, a targeted alignment of the flow in a direction pointing away from the second opening section is possible. In this way, the proportion of the discharged source air that is subsequently taken in again at the second opening section can be significantly reduced.
Unter einem Schlitzauslass wird dabei jede Auslassform verstanden, die als Auslassöffnung eine längliche, in Längsrichtung ausgerichtete Form aufweist, das heißt deren Erstreckung in Längsrichtung größer ist als in Querrichtung. Bevorzugt beträgt beim Schlitzauslass die Erstreckung der Auslassöffnung in Längsrichtung mehr als dem 3-fachen der Erstreckung in Querrichtung, besonders bevorzugt mehr als dem 5-fachen. Bevorzugt können im ersten Öffnungsabschnitt mehrere Schlitzauslässe in Längsrichtung hintereinander angeordnet sein, weiter bevorzugt mit einem geringen Abstand von beispielsweise weniger als 50 %, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 20 % der Länge der einzelnen Schlitzauslässe.A slit outlet is understood to mean any outlet shape which, as the outlet opening, has an elongate shape oriented in the longitudinal direction, ie the extent of which is greater in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction. In the slot outlet, the extension of the outlet opening in the longitudinal direction is preferably more than 3 times the extension in the transverse direction, particularly preferably more than 5 times. A plurality of slot outlets can preferably be arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction in the first opening section, more preferably with a small spacing of, for example, less than 50%, particularly preferably less than 20% of the length of the individual slot outlets.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind am ersten Öffnungsausschnitt zusätzlich zu dem Schlitzauslass oder den Schlitzauslässen Lochauslässe zur Abgabe der Quellluft angeordnet. Die Lochauslässe können beispielsweise als Lochungen in einem Wandelement, bevorzugt einem Blech vorgesehen sein. Die Lochungen können beliebige Form aufweisen, beispielsweise rund oder rechteckig. Beispielsweise können eine oder mehrere in Längsrichtung ausgerichtete Reihen von Lochungen vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise in äquidistanter Anordnung.In a particularly preferred embodiment, hole outlets for discharging the source air are arranged on the first opening section in addition to the slot outlet or slot outlets. The hole outlets can be provided, for example, as perforations in a wall element, preferably a metal sheet. The perforations can have any shape, for example round or rectangular. For example, one or more rows of holes aligned in the longitudinal direction can be provided, for example in an equidistant arrangement.
Weiter bevorzugt ist, dass mindestens ein Schlitzauslass oder bevorzugt eine Reihe von Schlitzauslässen in Querrichtung des Kanals zwischen den Lochauslässen und dem zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt angeordnet sind. Die Schlitzauslässe und der hieraus abgegebene gerichtete Luftstrom bilden somit eine Barriere zwischen dem Strom von Quellluft aus den Lochauslässen und dem zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt des Kanals. In einigen Ausführungen können auch zusätzliche Auslässe, beispielsweise auch Schlitzauslässe an anderer Stelle vorgesehen sein. Vorteilhafterweise wird aber angestrebt, möglichst mindestens eine Reihe von Schlitzauslässen an einem Rand des ersten Öffnungsabschnitts vorzusehen, der an den zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt grenzt.It is further preferred that at least one slot outlet or preferably a row of slot outlets is arranged in the transverse direction of the channel between the hole outlets and the second opening section. The slot outlets and the directed air flow discharged therefrom thus form a barrier between the flow of source air from the hole outlets and the second opening portion of the duct. In some designs, additional outlets, for example slot outlets, can also be provided at another location. Advantageously, however, the aim is to provide at least one row of slot outlets on an edge of the first opening section that borders on the second opening section.
Bevorzugt weist der Schlitzauslass oder die Schlitzauslässe ein Luftführungselement auf. Hierunter wird verstanden, dass es sich bei dem Schlitzauslass bevorzugt nicht lediglich um eine schlitzförmige (längliche) Öffnung in einer Auslassebene eines ersten Öffnungsabschnitts handelt, sondern ein Luftführungselement, das sich bevorzugt zumindest im Wesentlichen quer zur Auslassebene erstreckt, zur Führung der abgegebenen Quellluft angeordnet ist. Das Luftführungselement kann so den abgegebenen Luftstrom formen und lenken. Beispielsweise kann ein den Schlitz in Querrichtung begrenzendes und von der Schlitzöffnung in das Innere des ersten Kanalabschnitts ragendes Wandelement als Luftführungselement dienen. Das Wandelement kann ebene Form aufweisen, wie nachfolgend mit Bezug auf bevorzugte Ausführungsform erläutert wird, kann es aber bevorzugt auch gebogen sein und insbesondere teilkreisförmige Abschnitte aufweisen.The slot outlet or slot outlets preferably has an air guiding element. This means that the slot outlet is preferably not just a slot-shaped (elongated) opening in an outlet plane of a first opening section, but an air guiding element, which preferably extends at least essentially transversely to the outlet plane, for guiding the emitted source air is arranged. The air guiding element can thus shape and direct the discharged air flow. For example, a wall element delimiting the slit in the transverse direction and projecting from the slit opening into the interior of the first duct section can serve as an air guiding element. The wall element can have a flat shape, as will be explained below with reference to preferred embodiments, but it can preferably also be curved and in particular have part-circular sections.
Bevorzugt kann das Luftführungselement ausgelegt sein zur Führung der abgegebenen Quellluft in einer Richtung, die einen gewünschten Winkel zur Auslassebene aufweist. Beispielsweise kann der Winkel 20 bis 90° zur Auslassebene betragen. Bevorzugt beträgt der Winkel weniger als 90°, so dass das Luftführungselement zur Führung der abgegebenen Quellluft in einer schrägen Richtung führt. Bevorzugt sind beispielsweise Richtungen im Bereich von bis zu 60° relativ zur Auslassebene. Die Richtung ist besonders bevorzugt vom zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt weg weisend gerichtet, um eine Vermischung mit dort angesaugter Sekundärluft zu verhindern, mindestens aber deutlich zu vermindern. Beispielsweise kann der Schlitzauslass mit dem Luftführungselement ausgelegt sein, Quellluft in einen Winkel von beispielsweise 20 bis 60°, bevorzugt 50° oder weniger, besonders bevorzugt 40° oder weniger abzugeben.The air guiding element can preferably be designed to guide the discharged source air in a direction which has a desired angle to the outlet plane. For example, the angle can be 20 to 90° to the outlet plane. The angle is preferably less than 90°, so that the air guiding element guides the discharged source air in an oblique direction. For example, directions in the range of up to 60° relative to the outlet plane are preferred. The direction is particularly preferably directed away from the second opening section in order to prevent, but at least to significantly reduce, mixing with the secondary air sucked in there. For example, the slot outlet with the air guiding element can be designed to discharge displacement air at an angle of, for example, 20 to 60°, preferably 50° or less, particularly preferably 40° or less.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann zumindest einer der Schlitzauslässe ein Verstellelement zur Verstellung der Schlitzbreite und/oder Auslasseinrichtung aufweisen. Hierdurch kann eine gewünschte Luftströmung erzielt werden, insbesondere auch unter Berücksichtigung von Gegebenheiten des Raumes, beispielsweise der Lage von Hindernissen. Das Verstellelement kann bevorzugt innerhalb eines Luftführungselements angeordnet sein. Besonders bevorzugt kann das Verstellelement in Längsrichtung ausgerichtet und zur Verstellung des Schlitzauslasses verlagerbar sein. Insbesondere kann das Verstellelement in einer Querrichtung verlagerbar sein, um eine Verstellung der Schlitzbreite und/oder der Auslasseinrichtung zu ermöglichen.In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the slot outlets can have an adjustment element for adjusting the slot width and/or outlet device. As a result, a desired air flow can be achieved, in particular also taking into account the conditions of the room, for example the position of obstacles. The adjusting element can preferably be arranged within an air guiding element. Particularly preferably, the adjustment element can be aligned in the longitudinal direction and can be displaced to adjust the slot outlet. In particular, the adjusting element can be displaceable in a transverse direction in order to enable the slot width and/or the outlet device to be adjusted.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann das Verstellelement zumindest im Wesentlichen und/oder zumindest abschnittsweise runden Querschnitt aufweisen, bevorzugt einer Außenfläche. Auch ein Luftführungselement kann zumindest teilweise und/oder zumindest abschnittsweise runden Querschnitt aufweisen, bevorzugt einer Innenfläche. Hierunter sind neben kreisrunden Querschnitten auch andere gerundete Querschnitte wie beispielsweise ovale Formen zu verstehen. Durch derartige gerundete Oberflächen ergibt sich günstigerweise ein geringer Strömungswiderstand.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the adjustment element can have a round cross section, at least essentially and/or at least in sections, preferably on an outer surface. An air guiding element can also have a round cross section, at least partially and/or at least in sections, preferably on an inner surface. In addition to circular cross sections, this also includes other rounded cross sections such as oval shapes. Such rounded surfaces favorably result in a low flow resistance.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines verstellbaren Schlitzauslasses kann ein Verstellelement durch Drehung eines Einstellelements verlagerbar sein. Das Einstellelement kann um eine Einstellachse drehbar sein, die bevorzugt in Längsrichtung des Schlitzes ausgerichtet ist. Das Verstellelement kann am Einstellelement exzentrisch zur Einstellachse angebracht sein, so dass es durch Drehung der Einstellachse verlagerbar ist.In a particularly preferred embodiment of an adjustable slot outlet, an adjustment element can be displaced by rotating an adjustment element. The adjustment element can be rotatable about an adjustment axis, which is preferably aligned in the longitudinal direction of the slot. The adjustment element can be attached to the adjustment element eccentrically to the adjustment axis, so that it can be displaced by rotating the adjustment axis.
Am zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt ist erfindungsgemäß ein Einlassabschnitt zum Einlassen der Sekundärluft und ein Auslassabschnitt zur Abgabe der temperierten Sekundärluft angeordnet. Einlass- und Auslassabschnitt sind in Längsrichtung parallel nebeneinander angeordnet. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Einlassabschnitt zwischen dem Auslassabschnitt und dem ersten Öffnungsabschnitt angeordnet.According to the invention, an inlet section for admitting the secondary air and an outlet section for discharging the temperature-controlled secondary air are arranged on the second opening section. The inlet and outlet sections are arranged parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction. According to the invention, the inlet section is arranged between the outlet section and the first opening section.
Im ersten Kanalabschnitt kann zwischen mindestens einer der Quellluftzuführungen und dem ersten Öffnungsabschnitt ein Verteilungswandelement vorgesehen sein. Das Verteilungswandelement kann sich in Längsrichtung erstrecken. Das Verteilungswandelement kann zur zumindest teilweisen Trennung einer direkten Verbindungslinie zwischen der Quellluftzuführung und einer Öffnung am zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt angeordnet sein. Es kann somit zu einer besseren Luftverteilung beitragen, insbesondere auch zu einer gleichmäßigeren Verteilung in Längsrichtung. Bei mehreren in Längsrichtung beabstandeten Quellluftzuführungen können mehrere separate Verteilungswandelemente vorgesehen sein, oder alternativ kann sich auch ein einziges Verteilungswandelement über die gesamte Länge erstrecken. Das Verteilungswandelement ist bevorzugt ein flaches, ebenes Element, besonders bevorzugt ein Blech.A distribution wall element can be provided in the first duct section between at least one of the source air supply lines and the first opening section. The distribution wall member may extend longitudinally. The distribution wall element can be arranged on the second opening section for at least partially separating a direct connection line between the source air supply and an opening. It can thus contribute to better air distribution, in particular to a more even distribution in the longitudinal direction. In the case of a plurality of displacement air feeds spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, a plurality of separate distribution wall elements can be provided, or alternatively a single distribution wall element can also extend over the entire length. The distribution wall element is preferably a flat, planar element, particularly preferably a metal sheet.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann das Verteilungswandelement schräg zur Auslassebene des ersten Öffnungsabschnitts angeordnet sein, beispielsweise. unter einem Winkel von 20 bis 70° zur Auslassebene, bevorzugt 30 bis 60°. Durch eine schräge Anordnung des Verteilungswandelements kann eine Richtung des abgegebenen Luftstroms der Quellluft vorgegeben oder zumindest unterstützt werden. Bevorzugt kann hierzu das Verteilungswandelement in einer Richtung vom zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt weg geneigt sein.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the distribution wall element can be arranged obliquely to the outlet plane of the first opening section, for example. at an angle of 20 to 70° to the outlet plane, preferably 30 to 60°. By arranging the distribution wall element at an angle, a direction of the discharged air flow of the source air can be specified or at least supported. For this purpose, the distribution wall element can preferably be inclined in a direction away from the second opening section.
Besonders bevorzugt ist das Verteilungswandelement so angeordnet, dass es einen Durchlassbereich zwischen der Quellluftzuführung und dem ersten Öffnungsabschnitt freilässt, der gegenüber der Breite des ersten Kanalabschnitts deutlich verringert ist. Beispielsweise kann der Durchlassbereich weniger als 50 % der Breite des ersten Kanalabschnitts entsprechen, bevorzugt 25 % oder weniger. Eine Breite des Durchlassbereiches kann beispielsweise in einer Ebene parallel zur Auslassebene des ersten Öffnungsabschnittes ermittelt werden.The distribution wall element is particularly preferably arranged in such a way that it leaves a passage area free between the source air supply and the first opening section, which is significantly reduced compared to the width of the first duct section. For example, the passband can correspond to less than 50% of the width of the first channel section, preferably 25% or less. A width of the passband can be determined, for example, in a plane parallel to the outlet plane of the first opening section.
Das Temperierungselement kann in bevorzugten Ausführungsformen als Wärmetauscher ausgebildet sein. Hierfür kann es mindestens eine Leitung für eine Temperierflüssigkeit, das heißt ein Kühl- oder Heizmedium aufweisen. Bevorzugt weist das Temperierungselement zudem eine Anzahl von Lamellen auf, um eine erhöhte Oberfläche zur Temperierung des Sekundärluftstroms zu erreichen. Die Leitung für Temperierflüssigkeit kann an eine Kühl- und/oder Heizvorrichtung angeschlossen werden.In preferred embodiments, the temperature control element can be designed as a heat exchanger. For this purpose, it can have at least one line for a tempering liquid, ie a cooling or heating medium. The temperature control element preferably also has a number of lamellae in order to achieve an increased surface area for temperature control of the secondary air flow. The line for the heat transfer liquid can be connected to a cooling and/or heating device.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann in einer bevorzugten Klimatisierungsanordnung innerhalb eines Raums in einem Bodenkanal angeordnet sein. Besonders bevorzugt kann der Bodenkanal entlang einer Wand oder einem Fassadenelement, beispielsweise einem Fenster angeordnet sein. Bevorzugt ist dabei der zweite Kanalabschnitt in Richtung der Wand oder des Fassadenelements, also zwischen diesem und dem ersten Kanalabschnitt angeordnet. Weiter bevorzugt kann der zweite Öffnungsabschnitt bündig oder mit nur geringem Abstand zur Wand oder zum Fassadenelement angeordnet sein, so dass der Luftstrom der Sekundärluft sich entlang der Wand oder dem Fassadenelement ausrichten kann.In a preferred air conditioning arrangement, the device according to the invention can be arranged within a room in a floor duct. The floor duct can particularly preferably be arranged along a wall or a facade element, for example a window. The second channel section is preferably arranged in the direction of the wall or the facade element, ie between this and the first channel section. More preferably, the second opening section can be arranged flush with or at only a small distance from the wall or from the facade element, so that the air flow of the secondary air can be aligned along the wall or the facade element.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren umfasst die Verwendung der vorbeschriebenen Vorrichtung, wobei Quellluft zur Quellluftzuführung zugeführt und das Temperierungselement zur Temperierung der Sekundärluft betrieben wird. Dabei hat sich der Betrieb als sehr effizient erwiesen und als gut geeignet zur Bildung einer Verdrängungslüftung und Bildung eines Quellluftsees.The method according to the invention includes the use of the device described above, with source air being supplied for source air supply and the temperature control element being operated for temperature control of the secondary air. The operation has proven to be very efficient and well suited to the formation of displacement ventilation and the formation of a spring air lake.
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- in perspektivischer Darstellung eine erste Ausführungsform einer Klimatisierungsvorrichtung, wobei eine Abdeckung nur teilweise dargestellt ist;
- Fig.2
- einen Querschnitt durch die Klimatisierungsvorrichtung aus
Fig. 1 entlang der Linie A..A; - Fig. 3
- einen Querschnitt, teilweise schematisch, durch eine Klimatisierungsanordnung mit der Klimatisierungsvorrichtung aus
Fig. 1 ,Fig. 2 in einem Raum; - Fig. 4
- in Draufsicht einen Schlitzauslass der Klimatisierungsvorrichtung aus
Fig. 1 ,Fig. 2 ; - Fig. 5
- einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie B..B des Schlitzauslasses aus
Fig. 4 ; - Fig. 6
- in perspektivischer Darstellung eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Klimatisierungsvorrichtung mit nur teilweiser dargestellter Abdeckung;
- Fig. 7
- in perspektivischer Darstellung eine dritte Ausführungsform einer Klimatisierungsvorrichtung mit nur teilweiser dargestellter Abdeckung;
- Fig. 8
- in perspektivischer Darstellung eine vierte Ausführungsform einer Klimatisierungsvorrichtung mit nur teilweiser dargestellter Abdeckung.
- 1
- a perspective view of a first embodiment of an air conditioning device, wherein a cover is only partially shown;
- Fig.2
- a cross section through the air conditioning device
1 along line A..A; - 3
- a cross section, partially schematic, through an air conditioning arrangement with the air conditioning device
1 ,2 in a room; - 4
- in plan view, a slot outlet of the air conditioning device
1 ,2 ; - figure 5
- a cross-section along the line B..B of the slot outlet
4 ; - 6
- a perspective view of a second embodiment of an air conditioning device with only a partial cover shown;
- 7
- a perspective view of a third embodiment of an air conditioning device with only a partial cover shown;
- 8
- a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of an air conditioning device with only a partial cover shown.
Eine in
Auf der Oberseite ist der Kanal 12 durch einen Abdeckrost 28 abgedeckt, der hier aus Gründen der besseren Darstellung nur teilweise dargestellt ist.On the top of the
Der erste Kanalabschnitt 18 umfasst einen Innenraum 22, der von der Wandung des Kanals 12 und der Trennwand 16 begrenzt wird. Zur Öffnungsseite 14 des Kanals 12 weist der erste Kanalabschnitt 18 einen ersten Öffnungsabschnitt 24 auf.The
Durch mehrere Quellluft-Stutzen 26, die in Längsrichtung L beabstandet angeordnet sind, wird Quellluft 30 zum Innenraum 22 des ersten Kanalabschnitts 18 zugeführt und durch den ersten Öffnungsabschnitt 24 an der Oberseite abgegeben.
Dabei dient zur besseren Verteilung der zugeführten Quellluft 30 über die Länge L ein Verteilblech 32. Das Verteilblech 32 verdeckt eine direkte gerade Verbindung zwischen der Frischluftzuführung 26 und dem ersten Öffnungsabschnitt 24. Das untere Ende des Verteilblechs 32 ist in einem Abstand D von der Trennwand 16 angeordnet, der erheblich kleiner ist als die gesamte Breite B1 des ersten Kanalabschnitts 18.A
Zudem ist das Verteilblech 32 im Innenraum 22 schräg angeordnet, im gezeigten Beispiel in einem Winkel α von ca. 50° zur Horizontalen.In addition, the
Am ersten Öffnungsabschnitt 24 sind verschiedene Arten von Auslässen innerhalb einer horizontalen Auslassebene angeordnet. In der gezeigten ersten Ausführungsform umfasst dies eine Anzahl von in einer Reihe entlang der Längsrichtung L angeordneten Schlitzauslässen 32 und in einer Reihe in Längsrichtung L zueinander angeordneter Lochauslässe 34. Die Schlitzauslässe 32 sind dabei auf der Innenseite des ersten Öffnungsabschnitts 24, das heißt benachbart zum zweiten Kanalabschnitt 20 und die Lochauslässe 34 auf der Außenseite angeordnet.At the
Bei den Lochauslässen 34 handelt es sich in der gezeigten Ausführungsform um runde Bohrungen in einem ebenen Abdeckblech.In the embodiment shown, the
Die Schlitzauslässe 32 sind in
Die Schlitzöffnung 36 wird berandet durch einen Schlitzrahmen 40, von dem sich (siehe
Innerhalb des Innenbereiches 44 des Schlitzauslasses 32 ist ein Verstellelement 46 beweglich angeordnet. Das Verstellelement 46 ist als Kreiszylinder mit einer Längsmittelachse L2 ausgebildet und weist einen geringeren Durchmesser auf als der Innenbereich 44. Das Verstellelement 46 ist exzentrisch innerhalb des Innenbereichs 44 des Schlitzauslasses 32 angeordnet, so dass die Längsachsen L1 und L2 sich im Abstand voneinander befinden.An adjusting
An einem Ende des Schlitzauslasses 32 ist ein rundes Einstellelement 48 angeordnet. Das Einstellelement 48, Verstellelement 46 und die Trennscheiben 38 können bevorzugt einstückig ausgebildet sein. Durch Drehung der aus diesen Elementen gebildeten Einheit innerhalb des Innenbereiches 44 des Schlitzauslasses 32 um die Achse L1 ist das Verstellelement 46 verlagerbar, so dass je nach der durch Drehung des Einstellelementes 48 vorgegebenen Position unterschiedliche Teile des Innenbereiches 44 verdeckt werden. So kann einerseits eine für die Durchströmung zur Verfügung stehende effektive Schlitzbreite eingestellt werden. Andererseits ist auch eine Einstellung der Richtung der am Schlitzauslass 32 ausströmenden Quellluft 30 möglich.At one end of the
Beispielsweise lässt sich durch eine Verlagerung des Verstellelements 46 vor die Schlitzöffnung 36 eine deutliche Verengung des Auslasses erzielen. Durch eine seitliche Verlagerung, wie beispielsweise in
Wie in
Der erste, durch die Schlitzauslässe 32 strömende Anteil der Quellluft 30 ist durch die Schlitzform eine weitgehend ebene, gerichtete Strömung mit geringen Turbulenzen. Durch die oben beschriebene Führung tritt der erste Anteil der Quellluft gezielt unter einem schrägen Winkel zur Auslassebene aus, vom zweiten Kanalabschnitt 20 weg gerichtet.The first portion of the
Der zweite Anteil der Quellluft 30, der durch die Lochauslässe 34 abgegeben wird, ist im Vergleich mit dem ersten Anteil weniger ausgerichtet und laminar. Er weist aber dennoch eine vorwiegende, schräg zur Auslassebene ausgerichtete Ausströmrichtung auf, die durch die Schrägstellung des Trennblechs 32 beeinflusst ist.The second portion of the
Insgesamt ergibt sich ein Luftstrom der Quellluft in einer schrägen, in den Zeichnungen nach rechts oben ausgerichteten Richtung. Dabei überdeckt der gerichtete erste Anteil der Quellluft den zweiten Anteil und wirkt als Trennstrahl gegenüber dem zweiten Kanalabschnitt 20.The overall result is an air flow of the source air in an oblique direction oriented to the top right in the drawings. The directed first portion of the source air covers the second portion and acts as a separating jet in relation to the
Der zweite Kanalabschnitt 20 umfasst einen Innenraum 48, in dem ein Konvektor 50 als Temperierungselement angeordnet ist. Der Konvektor 50 umfasst eine Vielzahl von aufrecht angeordneten Blech-Lamellen (nicht im Detail dargestellt) sowie eine Temperiermittel-Leitung (nicht dargestellt), die an eine Heiz- und/oder Kühlvorrichtung angeschlossen ist. Bevorzugt dient der Konvektor 50 zur Aufheizung von Raumluft und wird mit einem Heizmedium betrieben. Dann ergibt sich wie in
Die Klimatisierungsvorrichtung 10 kann wie in
Zugeführte Quellluft 30 (durchgezogene Linien) wird durch den ersten Öffnungsabschnitt 24 in das Innere des Raums 64 abgegeben, wo sie einen Quellluftsee 68 bildet.Supplied source air 30 (solid lines) is discharged through the
Raumluft wird als Sekundärluft 56 (Strich-punktierte Linien) am zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt 54 angesaugt, durch den Konvektor 50 erwärmt und am zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt 54 als erwärmte Sekundärluft 60 (Strich-doppelpunktierte Linie) wieder abgegeben. Durch die Anordnung des Auslassabschnitts des zweiten Öffnungsabschnitts 54 nahe dem Fassadenelement 66 richtet sich der Luftstrom der erwärmten Sekundärluft 60 an der Oberfläche aus (Coanda-Effekt).Room air is drawn in as secondary air 56 (dash-dotted lines) at the
Durch die besondere Luftströmung, die aufgrund der Anordnung der Auslässe 32, 34 am ersten Öffnungsabschnitt 24 erzeugt wird, wird ein sofortiges Ansaugen von zugeführter Quellluft 30 in den benachbarten zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt 54 weitgehend vermieden. Quellluft, die am zweiten Öffnungsabschnitt 54 angesaugt wird, steigt nach Erwärmung durch den Konvektor 50 zur Decke und trägt kaum zur Quelllüftung im Raum bei. Dies wird vermieden einerseits durch die schräge, vom zweiten Kanalabschnitt 20 weg gerichtete Abgaberichtung des Quellluftstroms 30 und andererseits durch den gleichmäßigen, turbulenzarmen Strömungsverlauf, der mittels der Schlitzauslässe 32 erzielt wird.Due to the special air flow that is generated due to the arrangement of the
Im Ergebnis ist der Quellluftstrom ein sanfter Luftstrom, der gerichtet über den Boden in den Raum strömt und in gewünschter Weise zur Ausbildung einer Verdrängungslüftung mit Bildung des Quellluftsees 68 beiträgt.As a result, the source air flow is a gentle air flow that flows in a directed manner over the floor into the room and contributes to the formation of a displacement ventilation with the formation of the
Dabei erfolgt der Betrieb bevorzugt derart, dass Quellluft 30 mit einer Temperatur von 2 bis 4 K unter Raumlufttemperatur zugeführt wird. Die Zuführung der Quellluft erfolgt dabei so, dass sich eine mittlere Luftgeschwindigkeit des Quellluftstroms 30 im Raum von weniger als 0,3 m/s, bevorzugt von weniger als 0,2 m/s ergibt.The operation preferably takes place in such a way that source
Dabei wird für den Fachmann ersichtlich sein, dass die dargestellte Vorrichtung, Anordnung und Funktionsweise lediglich beispielhaft und nicht beschränkend zu verstehen ist und die Erfindung auch auf andere Weise ausgeführt werden kann, solange dies dem Umfang der Ansprüche nicht widerspricht.It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that the device, arrangement and mode of operation shown are only to be understood as examples and not as restrictive and that the invention can also be implemented in other ways as long as this does not contradict the scope of the claims.
Beispielsweise können Art, Anzahl und Anordnung der Auslässe, insbesondere im ersten Öffnungsabschnitt 24 geändert werden.
Weitere Änderungen sind denkbar. Beispielsweise können die Anordnungen von Aufnahmeabschnitt 58 und Auslassabschnitt 62 getauscht werden. Ebenso kann statt einer Heizung eine Kühlung von Sekundärluft erfolgen. Weiter ist es auch möglich, im zweiten Kanalabschnitt 20 eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Luftstroms, beispielsweise ein Gebläse, Ventilator etc. anzuordnen, um das Ansaugen und/oder Abgabe von Sekundärluft zu unterstützen oder zu gewährleisten.Further changes are conceivable. For example, the arrangements of the receiving
Zudem können Regelungselemente vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise für die zugeführte Quellluft, z. B. als Schiebeelemente in den Quellluftstutzen 26, um einen lufttechnischen Abgleich einer Mehrzahl von Bodenkonvektoren untereinander zu ermöglichen.
Claims (11)
- Device for air-conditioning rooms, having- a channel (12) comprising at least a first channel portion (18) extending in a longitudinal direction (L) and a second channel portion (20) arranged parallel and next to the first channel portion (18),- wherein the first channel portion (18) has at least a source air feed (26) and a first opening portion (24) which is designed to discharge source air (30), wherein the first opening portion (24) is oriented towards an opening side of the channel (12),- the second channel portion (20) has a temperature-control element (50) and a second opening portion (54) which is designed to receive secondary air (56) and to discharge temperature-controlled secondary air (60), wherein the second opening portion (54) is oriented towards the opening side of the channel (12),- one or more slot outlets (32), oriented in the longitudinal direction (L), for discharging source air (30) are provided at the first opening portion (24),- the second opening portion (54) has an inlet portion (58) for admitting the secondary air (56) and an outlet portion (62) for discharging the temperature-controlled secondary air (60),- wherein the inlet portion (58) and the outlet portion (62) are arranged parallel to and alongside one another in the longitudinal direction (L), and- the inlet portion (58) is arranged between the outlet portion (62) and the first opening portion (24) .
- Device according to Claim 1, in which- the first opening portion (24) additionally has hole outlets (34) for discharging the source air (30),- wherein the at least one slot outlet (32) is arranged between at least a part of the hole outlets (34) and the second opening portion (54).
- Device according to either of the preceding claims, in which- the at least one slot outlet (32) has an air guiding element (42),- wherein the air guiding element (42) is designed to guide the discharged source air (30) in a direction at an angle of 20 to 90° to an outlet plane of the first opening portion (24).
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, in which- the at least one slot outlet (32) has an adjusting element (46) for adjusting the slot width and/or outlet direction, in particular- the slot outlet (32) has an adjusting element (46) extending in the longitudinal direction (L),- wherein the adjusting element (46) is displaceable in order to adjust the slot outlet (32).
- Device according to Claim 3 or 4, in which- the adjusting element (46) and/or the air guiding element (42) have at least substantially and/or at least partially a round cross section.
- Device according to Claim 4 or 5, in which- a setting element (48) that is rotatable about a setting axis (L1) is provided at the slot outlet (32),- and the adjusting element (46) is attached to the setting element (48) eccentrically with respect to the setting axis (L1).
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, in which- a distribution wall element (32) that extends in the longitudinal direction (L) is provided in the first channel portion (18) between the source air feed (26) and the first opening portion (24).
- Device according to Claim 7, in which- the distribution wall element (32) is arranged at an angle of 20 to 70° to an outlet plane of the first opening portion (24).
- Device according to Claim 7 or 8, in which- the distribution wall element (32) leaves a passage region free between the source air feed (26) and the first opening portion (24),- wherein a width (D) of the passage region corresponds to less than 50% of a width (B1) of the first channel portion (18).
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, in which- the temperature-control element is in the form of a heat exchanger (50) with a line for temperature control liquid.
- Method for air-conditioning rooms, in which- an air-conditioning device (10) is provided, having- a channel (12) comprising at least a first channel portion (18) extending in a longitudinal direction (L) and a second channel portion (20) arranged parallel and next to the first channel portion (18),- wherein the first channel portion (18) has at least a source air feed (26) and a first opening portion (24) which is designed to discharge source air (30), wherein the first opening portion (24) is oriented towards an opening side of the channel (12),- and the second channel portion (20) has a temperature-control element (50) and a second opening portion (54) which is designed to receive secondary air (56) and to discharge temperature-controlled secondary air (60), wherein the second opening portion (54) is oriented towards the opening side of the channel (12),- and wherein one or more slot outlets (32), oriented in the longitudinal direction, for discharging the source air (30) are provided at the first opening portion (24),- wherein source air (30) is fed to the source air feed (26) and discharged through the first opening portion (24),- the temperature control element (50) is operated to control the temperature of the secondary air (56) such that secondary air (56) is received through an inlet portion (58) of the second opening portion (54) and temperature-controlled secondary air (60) is discharged at the second opening portion (54) through an outlet portion (62) of the second opening portion (54),- and the inlet portion (58) is arranged between the outlet portion (62) and the first opening portion (24) .
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019104872.9A DE102019104872A1 (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Air conditioning of rooms with displacement air supply and temperature control |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3702684A1 EP3702684A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
EP3702684B1 true EP3702684B1 (en) | 2022-09-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20155457.3A Active EP3702684B1 (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2020-02-04 | Air conditioning of rooms with source air supply and temperature control |
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EP (1) | EP3702684B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019104872A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3702684T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114111011A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-03-01 | 江苏盈达机电科技有限公司 | Central air conditioner and air volume adjusting device thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE9106753U1 (en) | 1991-04-30 | 1991-08-29 | Heinrich Kampmann KG, 4450 Lingen | Device for air conditioning rooms |
DE19855497B4 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2005-02-03 | Altherm GmbH | Ground source Luftkonvektor |
DE10010119A1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2001-09-13 | Krantz Tkt Gmbh | Method and device for ventilation and temperature control of a room |
DE10023501C2 (en) * | 2000-05-13 | 2002-10-17 | Ltg Ag | Method and device for air conditioning a room |
DE202011004136U1 (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-06-01 | LTG Aktiengesellschaft, 70435 | Device for ventilating, heating and / or cooling a room |
EP3372906A1 (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-12 | LTG Aktiengesellschaft | Ventilation device |
-
2019
- 2019-02-26 DE DE102019104872.9A patent/DE102019104872A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-02-04 EP EP20155457.3A patent/EP3702684B1/en active Active
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DE102019104872A1 (en) | 2020-08-27 |
PL3702684T3 (en) | 2023-02-27 |
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