Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
  • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
  • B62D35/00—Vehicle bodies characterised by streamlining
  • B62D35/007—Rear spoilers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
  • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
  • B62D35/00—Vehicle bodies characterised by streamlining
  • B62D35/02—Streamlining the undersurfaces
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
  • Y02T10/82—Elements for improving aerodynamics
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
  • Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

Definitions

• the invention relates to the rear diffusers of motor vehicles and more particularly the movable rear diffusers.
• the rear diffuser is a part that can be present in the rear of a motor vehicle, more precisely under the frame or in the lower part of the bumper, and for the purpose of improving the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle. It may for example be to improve the ground support of the vehicle.
• Some diffusers allow them to improve the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle by reducing the drag of the vehicle, that is to say the force opposing the movement of the vehicle in the air. It is a question of shifting back the points of separation of the air with respect to the vehicle, that is to say the points at which the air does not follow the body any more. This allows to push back the depression created at the rear of the vehicle and thus limit the effect of restraint (called “suction effect”) of this depression on the motor vehicle.
• the diffuser in its deployed position, reveals major openings between the movable panel and the rear bumper of the vehicle. Indeed, it appears a central opening between the body part and the diffuser panel, and two side openings on each side of the panel.
• These openings may allow many types of foreign bodies to enter the device. These foreign bodies can be dust, mud, snow in winter weather, or any other type of dirt. These foreign bodies can, in sufficient quantity, block the closure of the device. In case of mud or snow, the diffuser can be locked in the deployed position. Similarly, dust can become dirty and damage the mechanical elements necessary for deployment and retraction of the mobile panel.
• the diffuser can no longer improve the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle, and requires maintenance and / or replacement that can be expensive. Then these openings can be perceived as being unsightly for the motorist, as detrimental to the overall aesthetics of the vehicle. Thus, such a device can affect the perceived quality of the vehicle as a whole.
• Another solution is to use a soft cover component between the movable panel of the diffuser and the bumper of the vehicle.
• This component closes the void left when the diffuser is deployed.
• dirt dirt, mud or other
• the appearance of such a flexible component can adversely affect the quality perceived by the user and deteriorate the aesthetics of the vehicle.
• This component can also vibrate more easily than a rigid panel and cause noise.
• such a flexible component has a low resistance to fatigue caused by many cycles of opening and closing the panel.
• Another solution consists in using two panels each guided in rotation relative to the bodywork part to which they are each fixed by one of their ends.
• the first panel acts as a diffuser and the second serves to obstruct the central opening between the first and the body.
• the two panels rub against each other during deployment and retraction, which wears their surfaces in contact and denies the aesthetic appearance of the diffuser.
• the second panel is visible in the retracted position, which also affects the aesthetics of the vehicle.
• the invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by providing a vehicle rear diffuser does not clog, and thus limiting the risk of failure of the device.
• the invention also aims to provide a vehicle rear diffuser does not detract from the aesthetics of the vehicle (particularly in the deployed position), thus having no adverse impact on the quality perceived by the motorist.
• the invention relates to a rear diffuser of a motor vehicle comprising a primary panel and at least one secondary panel, each of these panels being movable between an extended position and a retracted position when the rear diffuser is fixed on a vehicle bodywork part , characterized in that, when the bodywork part is fixed to a motor vehicle, the secondary panel is completely invisible from the outside in the retracted position and at least partially obstructs an opening between the bodywork part and the primary panel in the deployed position.
• the secondary panel of the diffuser is protected from soiling when the diffuser is in the retracted position.
• the secondary panel obstructs, at least partially an opening created during deployment between the primary panel and the rest of the rear bumper of the vehicle.
• three openings are created, a central between the primary panel and the bodywork part, and two sideways located on the sides of the primary panel.
• the secondary panel obstructs the central opening.
• the occupation of this opening by the secondary panel makes it possible to prevent a foreign body from penetrating inside the rear diffuser.
• dirt such as mud, dust, snow, or any other type of dirt, can not enter the device, and therefore can not interfere with the proper functioning of it.
• the invention thus makes it possible to reduce the maintenance operations, or the wear of the parts of the device by protecting it from dirt.
• this secondary panel allows, when the diffuser is in the deployed position, to obstruct a gap that was created with the deployment of the primary panel.
• the rear bumper retains a harmonious appearance, due to the absence of a gaping hole in the middle of it. This absence of hole improves the overall aesthetics of the vehicle, and consequently improves the quality perceived by the user.
• the relative positioning of the primary and secondary panels, with a secondary panel which is housed inside the vehicle in the retracted position, allows to have a primary panel over the entire surface of the opening of the bumper. This is advantageous from an aesthetic point of view when the rear diffuser is in the retracted position.
• the secondary panel being hidden in the retracted position, it is therefore protected from soiling and shocks to which it would otherwise be subjected in this position. It therefore retains a good surface condition, which benefits the aesthetics of the diffuser.
• the secondary panel performs a simple rotational movement relative to the primary panel when it passes from the retracted position to the deployed position or vice versa.
• the device since the relative movement of the secondary panel with respect to the primary panel is only a simple rotation, the device is thus simple to operate, which allows a better compactness and a reduction in the total weight of the device as a whole.
• this rotation of the secondary panel relative to the primary panel allows, when the diffuser is in the retracted position, to press the secondary panel on the primary panel.
• the space occupied by the diffuser, in the retracted position, when mounted on a vehicle body part is reduced.
• This kinematic deployment of the secondary panel relative to the primary panel also allows to avoid friction between these two panels, which could to damage. This is particularly advantageous to avoid deterioration of the surfaces of these panels which are visible from outside the vehicle in the retracted or deployed position, and thus preserve an aesthetic appearance thereof.
• the rear vehicle diffuser may further comprise one or more of the following features, taken alone or in combination:
• the primary panel does not have a direct mechanical connection with the secondary panel.
• the device has no mechanical connection between the two panels, which reduces the cost compared to a diffuser which would include one. This further facilitates the maintenance of the diffuser.
• the secondary panel is connected to the primary panel with at least one rod, the panels never in contact with each other. In this way, there is no friction between the two panels, and therefore there is no deterioration because of these friction.
• the secondary panel is linked to the first panel by a pivot connection.
• the secondary panel performs a simple rotation relative to the primary panel.
• a pivot link is inexpensive and reliable.
• the rear diffuser comprises a motorized mechanism adapted to allow a deployment and retraction of the primary panel along a path following a combined movement of several simultaneous rotations around different axes of rotation. Such a kinematic deployment of the primary panel combining several rotations allows to place the panel in an optimal deployed position for reducing the drag of the motor vehicle.
• the rear diffuser in which a motorized mechanism is adapted to allow deployment and retraction of the secondary panel.
• the secondary panel deploys and retracts along a path following a combined movement of several simultaneous rotations around different axes of rotation.
• Such multi-rotational secondary panel deployment kinematics allow the panel to be placed in an optimal deployed position to obstruct an opening between the primary panel and a bodywork part. Thus, it makes it possible even better to prevent soiling from penetrating inside the diffuser.
• the secondary panel deploys and retracts in a path in a simple rotational movement relative to the body part.
• the panel secondary is mounted on the bumper or the fixed part of the vehicle, for example by a pivot connection, so as to be oriented according to the movement of the connection with the primary panel.
• the secondary panel thus describes a simple rotational movement relative to the bumper of the vehicle.
• the secondary panel deploys and retracts along a path in a translation movement relative to the body part.
• the motorized mechanism comprises an axis of rotation adapted to cause the deployment and retraction of the primary and / or secondary panels.
• the rear diffuser comprises several primary panels, for example three.
• the designer has greater freedom in the design of the rear diffuser and in its integration into the overall design of a vehicle on which the diffuser is installed.
• the device has greater compatibility with a detachable towbar which could be mounted on a vehicle on which the diffuser is installed.
• the rear diffuser has several secondary panels, for example three. In this way, the designer has greater freedom in the design of the rear diffuser and in its integration into the overall design of a vehicle on which the diffuser is installed. In this way, the device has greater compatibility with a detachable towbar which could be mounted on a vehicle on which the diffuser is installed.
• the or each primary panel has a general "U" shape.
• the primary panel at least partially obstructs the lateral openings between the latter and the bodywork part, when the diffuser is in the extended position.
• the invention also relates to a motor vehicle body part comprising a rear diffuser according to any one of the preceding claims.
• a motor vehicle body part comprising a rear diffuser according to any one of the preceding claims.
• This allows to have a complete body part in which is inserted the rear diffuser.
• an opening between the bodywork part and the rest of a vehicle on which the part would be mounted is protected from dirt of all kinds by the secondary panel of the rear diffuser when the diffuser is deployed.
• the body part has a more advantageous aesthetic than a body part equipped with a conventional rear diffuser.
• the bodywork part is a rear bumper.
• the secondary panel is able to avoid body intrusion strangers between the body part and the primary panel.
• the rear diffuser is protected from these foreign bodies and can therefore continue to work well even in environments with significant sources of dirt.
• the primary panel has an outwardly facing face of the vehicle in the extended position and in the retracted position
• the secondary panel has an outwardly facing face of the vehicle in the deployed position and facing the inside of the vehicle in the retracted position.
• the secondary panel is invisible from outside the vehicle when the diffuser is in the retracted position.
• the diffuser integrates perfectly with the design of the vehicle as a whole.
• the invention also relates to a bodywork part in which the secondary panel performs a simple rotational movement relative to the primary panel when it moves from the retracted position to the deployed position or vice versa, so that said faces do not never be in contact with each other.
• FIG. 1 is a sectional view along a first plane of a rear lower end of a motor vehicle comprising a rear diffuser according to the invention, the rear diffuser being in the retracted position;
• FIG. 2 is a sectional view along the first plane of a rear lower end of a motor vehicle comprising a rear diffuser according to the invention, the rear diffuser being in the deployed position;
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the first plane of a rear lower end of a motor vehicle comprising a rear diffuser according to another embodiment of the invention, the rear diffuser being in the retracted position;
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view along a second plane of a rear lower end of a motor vehicle comprising a rear diffuser according to another embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 5 is a sectional view along the second plane of a rear lower end of a motor vehicle comprising a rear diffuser according to another embodiment of the invention.
• the figures show a rear diffuser in its configuration mounted on a body part of a motor vehicle, specifically a rear bumper of a motor vehicle.
• FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate a rear diffuser 10, for example made of plastic, of a motor vehicle mounted on a rear bumper 40, for example also made of plastic, comprising a primary panel 20 and at least one secondary panel 30, each of these panels being movable between an extended position (illustrated in FIG. 1) and a retracted position (illustrated in FIG. 2) when the rear diffuser 10 is attached to a vehicle body part (in this case the bumper 40), the secondary panel 30 performing a simple rotational movement relative to the primary panel 20 when it passes from the retracted position to the deployed position or vice versa.
• the rear diffuser 10 is therefore able to move from a retracted position shown in FIG. 1 to an extended position shown in FIG.
• the bumper 40 of the vehicle comprises an upper portion 42 and a lower portion 44. An opening 50 is arranged between these two parts of the bumper 40.
• the primary panel 20 In the retracted position, the primary panel 20 is pressed against the bumper 40 of the vehicle and completely obstructs the opening 50 located therein, located between the upper portion 42 and the lower portion 44.
• This panel 20 has a concavity on its outer face, here shown facing downwards, relative to the vertical axis z of the vehicle.
• a secondary panel 30 is connected to the primary panel 20 by a pivot connection 34. This secondary panel 30 is here almost pressed against the primary panel 20, so that the space occupied by the diffuser 10 in the bumper 40 is reduced.
• the primary panel is actuated by means of a rod system 22.
• This system comprises several rods (not shown here).
• This linkage system 22 is itself connected to a motor shaft 62 enabling the primary panel 20 to be set in motion.
• the secondary panel is actuated by means of a rod system 32.
• This system 32 may comprise several links (not shown here). ).
• the linkage system 32 connects the secondary panel 30 with an axis of rotation 62 enabling the secondary panel 30 to be set in motion.
• the link systems 22, 32 and the motor axis 62 compose an actuating system 60 common to the primary panels 20 and secondary 30.
• the two panels 20, 30 are actuated through devices using the same motor axis 62, which simplifies the device as a whole.
• This motor shaft 62 and actuated by an electric motor (not shown here). This allows greater reliability compared to a system in which each panel would be actuated by a different actuator. In addition, this facilitates the maintenance steps or a possible repair of the device.
• the diffuser 10 may also include different motor axes for actuating the primary panel on the one hand, and the secondary panel on the other hand.
• the link 32 of the secondary panel 30 may not be connected to a motor axis. Thus, it serves only for guiding the secondary panel 30 between its retracted position and its deployed position. In this case, it is the movement of the primary panel 20 (which is always actuated by the motor axis 62 via the rod 22) which actuates the deployment and retraction of the secondary panel 30 via a force transmission by the intermediate pivot connection 34.
• the primary panel 20 completely obstructs an opening in the bumper 40, so that the internal space of the diffuser 70, located between the primary panel and the axis motor 62 of the device, is protected from soiling of all kinds, such as mud, snow or dust, or any other type of foreign body to the vehicle.
• the rod systems 22, 32, as well as the actuating system 60 are also protected.
• the primary panel 20 when the diffuser 10 is in the deployed position, the primary panel 20 is oriented horizontally and no longer obstructs the opening of the bumper 50 alone.
• the secondary panel 30 is this time oriented almost perpendicular to the said primary panel 20. It is still connected thereto by a pivot connection 34.
• the assembly of the secondary panel 30 and the primary panel 20 obstructs, at least partially an opening of the bumper 50.
• the deployment of the primary panel 20 created three openings, one central between the primary panel and the bumper 50, and two lateral sides (along the Y axis) of the primary panel 20.
• the secondary panel 30 is obstructing the central opening 50 when the diffuser 10 is in the deployed position.
• the internal space of the diffuser 70 is actually larger than when the diffuser 10 is in the retracted position.
• This internal space 70 is protected from dirt from the outside of the vehicle, because the opening of the bumper 50 is obstructed by the primary panel 20 and the secondary panel 30.
• the primary panel 20 may have a general shape "U" allowing it to obstruct the lateral openings between it and the bumper 50, when the diffuser is in the deployed position.
• the diffuser 10 In the deployed position, the diffuser 10 is able to direct the air from the underbody of the vehicle towards the rear of the latter, and thus to shift back the points of separation of the air with respect to the vehicle. that is to say the points at which the air no longer follows the bodywork. This helps push back the depression to creating the rear of the vehicle and thus limit the effect of restraint (called “suction effect”) of this depression on the motor vehicle. As a result, the diffuser 10 makes it possible to reduce the drag force when it is deployed.
• An electric motor (not shown) rotates the axis of rotation of the motorized mechanism 62.
• This axis of rotation 62 being linked to the deployment rod systems of the primary panel 22, and the secondary panel 32, it therefore causes the activation connecting rods of these systems.
• the primary panel is moved from its retracted position to its deployed position. It thus performs, by the arrangement of the rod system 22, a trajectory following a combined movement of several simultaneous rotations around different axes of rotation.
• the deployment link system of the secondary panel 32 is also rotated by the motor shaft 62.
• the link system 32 which is connected to an attachment point 36 of the secondary panel 30, therefore causes this one in rotation so that it is placed in deployed position.
• the primary panel 20 which is connected to the secondary panel 30 by a pivot connection 34, drives the latter through this connection 34.
• the secondary panel 30 performs a simple rotational movement relative to the primary panel 20, but performs in a simultaneous motion consisting of several rotations and translations relative to the rear bumper 40 of the vehicle.
• the secondary panel 30 is placed so as to obstruct a central opening between the upper part of the bumper 42 and the primary panel 20 of the diffuser.
• the internal space 70 of the diffuser is sheltered from any dirt that might have been introduced otherwise.
• dirt such as mud, snow, dust or other does not obstruct the internal space of the diffuser 70, which would prevent the retraction thereof.
• This particular kinetics of the secondary panel 30 has many advantages. Firstly, the mechanism of retracting and deploying the diffuser 10, namely the motor shaft 62, and the rod systems 22 and 32, are protected from soiling. Thus, the risk of blocking the device is greatly reduced. Similarly, the wear of these mechanical elements is greatly reduced by their protection against soiling. Secondly, the fact that the secondary panel 30 performs only a single rotation relative to the primary panel 20 avoids the penetration of dirt that would prevent the relative movement of one panel relative to the other. If the connection between the two panels 20 and 30 had been for example a slide, it would have been exposed to risks of blockage by insertion of dirt preventing sliding movement. This remark can be made for any diffuser 10 in which the secondary panel 30 would translate with respect to the primary panel 20.
• a rigid secondary panel 30 which can be painted (especially in the same shade as the rest of the vehicle), gives an aesthetic to the diffuser 10 which is in agreement with the rest of the vehicle.
• a rigid panel has a much better fatigue strength than if, for example, a flexible element were used.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show a diffuser according to another embodiment of the invention in the deployed position.
• the characteristics of the diffuser which differ from that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the secondary panel 30 is not directly connected with the primary panel 20 as before. This connection between the two panels is here achieved by means of at least one rod (not shown).
• the secondary panel moves with a link guide relative to the primary panel as it moves from the retracted position to the deployed position or vice versa, so that said faces are never in contact with each other. .
• the secondary panel 30 does not retract in the same direction.
• the secondary panel 30 is located against the upper part of the bumper 42, instead of being folded against the primary panel 20 as before.
• the secondary panel 30 remains inside the bumper of the vehicle. When deployed, the secondary panel is in the same position as in the previous embodiment.
• the secondary panel thus rotates to be placed almost vertically and glued against the upper part of the bumper 42.
• the gap between the secondary panel 30 and the part upper bumper 42 is very low throughout the retraction (and the same way during deployment).
• the internal space of the diffuser 70 is therefore very well protected from soiling, even during deployment and retraction.
• FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the invention in which the diffuser 10 comprises not only one, but three secondary panels 30.
• the diffuser 10 comprises not only one, but three secondary panels 30.
• the characteristics of the diffuser which differ from that presented in FIG. Figures 1 and 2.
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view along a horizontal plane of the inserted diffuser 10 in a vehicle bumper 40.
• the rear diffuser 10 is here shown in the deployed position. It can be seen that, as previously, the diffuser 10 has a primary panel 20, the movement is driven by a rod system 22, itself driven by a motor axis 62.
• these panels are a central secondary panel 30a and two side secondary panels 30b. These side secondary panels 30b are located on either side of the central secondary panel 30a, with reference to the transverse axis Y of the vehicle. These three panels 30 are each connected to the motor spindle 62 of the diffuser 10 by a rod system 32. It can be seen that the presence of three secondary panels 30 allows the diffuser to match the concave shape of the rear bumper vehicle 40, the bumpers of vehicles being often curved shapes, while having three panels 32 each having a low concavity.
• each secondary panel 30 has its own deployment link system 32.
• each of these systems 32 is actuated by the same motor axis 62.
• this diffuser has the same advantages as those developed for the diffuser of the previous embodiment.
• FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the invention which differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in that the secondary panels are not all each connected to a secondary axis of rotation of the motorized mechanism 64.
• the secondary panels are not all each connected to a secondary axis of rotation of the motorized mechanism 64.
• the rear diffuser 10 has at least three secondary panels 30.
• One of these panels is the central secondary panel 30a, and the other two are the side secondary panels 30b, which are located on the side and side panels. other of the central secondary panel 30a, with reference to the transverse axis Y of the vehicle.
• the secondary panels have an arrangement to match the concave shape of the rear bumper 40.
• the side secondary panels 30b are connected to secondary rotational axes 64 of the motorized mechanism. There is therefore a secondary axis of rotation of the motorized mechanism 64 by lateral side panel 30b, in addition to the axis of rotation of the motorized mechanism 62.
• These secondary rotation axes 64 are off-axis with respect to the axis of rotation of the motorized mechanism 62.
• each secondary axis of rotation 64 is parallel to a main plane of the side secondary panel 30b to which it is connected.
• This arrangement makes it possible to modify the axis of rotation of the side secondary panel 30b, in order to facilitate storage of this panel 30b in the rear bumper 40, when the diffuser 10 is in the retracted position.
• the side side panels also better match the concavity of the rear bumper 40. This arrangement is particularly advantageous when the rear bumper 40 has a strong concavity.
• connection between the secondary rotation axes of the motorized mechanism 64 and the axis of rotation 62 is provided by universal joints 66 disposed therebetween.
• the axis of rotation 62 can cause the secondary rotation axes of the motor mechanism 64 directly, even if they are off-axis. This makes it possible to drive these secondary axes 64 by means of a single motor driving the axis of rotation 62.
• the motor can drive only one of the secondary rotation axes of the powered mechanism 64, which causes its turn the axis of rotation 62.
• the deployment of the side side panels 30b may alternatively be delayed with respect to the deployment of the central subpanel 30a.
• the central secondary panel 30a deploys first until reaching its deployed position.
• the side secondary panels 30b are deployed with a delay relative to the central secondary panel 30a.
• the side secondary panels 30b are pressed against it.
• the retraction of the side secondary panels 30b takes place in advance of the retraction of the central secondary panel 30a.
• This sequential deployment kinematics makes it possible to avoid deterioration of the central and lateral 30a and 30b secondary panels by friction of these panels against each other during a simultaneous deployment. Also, it allows the side side panels 30b to flatten against the central secondary panel 30a. In this way, the deployment and retraction movement of the side side panels 30b is not impeded by the deployment and retracting movement of the central subpanel 30a. Thus, the interstices between the central secondary panel 30a and the side secondary panels 30b on the one hand, and between the side secondary panels 30b and the rear bumper 40 on the other hand are clogged effectively.
• the rear diffuser can, instead of being inserted into an aperture of the rear bumper of the vehicle, be inserted between a rear bumper and a sill of the vehicle.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=60302383

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 2017
  • 2017-10-19 FR FR1759830A patent/FR3072640B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2018
  • 2018-10-19 WO PCT/EP2018/078691 patent/WO2019077101A1/fr unknown
  • 2018-10-19 EP EP18789413.4A patent/EP3697675A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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