EP3664581B1 - Dali-steuerungsvorrichtung - Google Patents
Dali-steuerungsvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
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- EP3664581B1 EP3664581B1 EP18210318.4A EP18210318A EP3664581B1 EP 3664581 B1 EP3664581 B1 EP 3664581B1 EP 18210318 A EP18210318 A EP 18210318A EP 3664581 B1 EP3664581 B1 EP 3664581B1
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- dali
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
- H05B47/18—Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission
Definitions
- the invention relates to an improvement of the DALI communications standard.
- the DALI communications standard allows for up to 64 devices and additional 64 sensors connected to a single DALI bus system.
- the current drawn by each connected element is limited to 2 mA. While using such a large number of devices on a single DALI bus though, bus congestion can occur, leading to unacceptably high reaction times of the connected devices due to a long waiting time until the respective DALI command can be transmitted.
- a conventional DALI bus communication system is for example shown by the document WO 2013/113888 .
- a DALI control device according to the preamble of independent claim 1 is disclosed in DE 10 2016 201390 A1 , WO 2018/189046 A1 , and US 2009/003417 A1 , respectively.
- the object of the invention is to increase the information transmission capacity while preferably retaining compatibility to legacy devices.
- the inventive DALI control device comprises a DALI interface adapted to receive and/or transmit DALI signals. Additionally, the DALI interface is adapted to utilize a signal level of the DALI signals. By using not only the signal transitions according to the Manchester coding employed by regular DALI signals, but by additionally utilizing the signal levels of the DALI signals, the information carrying capacity of the DALI signals can be increased, without increasing the necessary bandwidth or clock rate.
- the DALI control device is adapted to transmit DALI signals.
- the DALI interface comprises an encoder, adapted to encode a first information based on Manchester coding, and encode a second information based on a signal level of HIGH and/or LOW pulses of the Manchester coding. This allows for a very efficient spectral use.
- the encoder is adapted to encode the second information using amplitude modulation, e.g. amplitude shift keying, with at least two, preferably at least three, most preferably at least four signal levels.
- the encoder is adapted to encode the second information using frequency modulation, e.g. frequency shift keying, with at least two, preferably at least three, most preferably at least four signal frequencies within the HIGH and/or LOW pulses of the Manchester coding.
- amplitude modulation e.g. amplitude shift keying
- frequency modulation e.g. frequency shift keying
- the DALI control device is adapted to receive DALI signals.
- the DALI interface then comprises a decoder, which is adapted to decode a first information based on Manchester coding and decode a second information based on a signal level of HIGH and/or LOW pulses of the Manchester coding. This allows for an especially efficient spectral use.
- the decoder is adapted to decode the second information using amplitude modulation with at least two, preferably at least three, most preferably at least four signal levels. Additionally or alternatively, the decoder is adapted to decode the second information using frequency modulation with at least two, preferably at least three, most preferably at least four signal frequencies within the HIGH and/or LOW pulses of the Manchester coding. Using amplitude modulation allows for a very simple coding and decoding, while using frequency modulation allows for a more robust signal transmission.
- the DALI interface moreover comprises a galvanic decoupler, adapted to perform a galvanic decoupling of the DALI control device and a connection port to a secondary DALI line. This effectively prevents interferences.
- the galvanic decoupler is a high frequency clocked DC-DC converter comprising a transformer. This type of galvanic decoupler is especially suitable for conveying different signal levels of the DALI signals.
- the high frequency clocked DC-DC converter comprising a transformer is adapted to transmit a load modulation of a secondary side to a primary side, forming a reverse channel. This allows for 2-way communications.
- the DALI interface is adapted to set the clocking of the high frequency clocked DC-DC converted so as to perform an amplitude modulation and/or a frequency modulation of the HIGH and/or LOW pulses of the DALI signal at a secondary side of the transformer. This allows for an especially simple signal generation.
- the high frequency clocked DC-DC converter comprises at least one primary side switch.
- An amplitude of a signal of a secondary side of the transformer may be set by a duty factor or switching frequency selection of the primary side switch of the DC-DC converter. This allows for an especially simple signal generation.
- the primary side switch of the DC-DC converter may be clocked at a fixed frequency and a fixed duty cycle and thereby may transfer the level of the amplitude of the primary side voltage to the secondary side in a "feed-forward" operation.
- the DALI interface is adapted to be compatible to legacy DALI devices, especially to DALI control devices employing only Manchester coding. This allows for an especially flexible use of the DALI control device.
- the DALI interface is adapted to utilize additional signal levels between 10 V and 30 V, preferably between 11 V and 15 V, most preferably between 11,5 V and 12,5 V. This allows for a clear distinguishing from the regular DALI high voltage of 10 V.
- inventive DALI system comprises a first DALI control device as explained earlier and a second DALI control explained earlier. Moreover, the system comprises a primary DALI line connecting the first DALI control device and the second DALI control device. The system allows for an especially high information transmission rate between the devices.
- a method for communicating using a DALI interface comprises receiving and/or transmitting DALI signals, additionally utilizing a signal level of the DALI signals by encoding a first information based on Manchester coding, and encoding a second information based on a signal level of HIGH and/or LOW pulses of the Manchester coding. This allows for an especially efficient communication with a high transmission rate.
- the computer program comprises program code for performing the previously shown method, when the computer program runs on a computer.
- the DALI system 1 comprises a first DALI control device 10 connected by a primary DALI line 13 to a second DALI control device 11.
- the first DALI control device 10 is a central DALI controller
- the second DALI control device 11 is a DALI compatible lighting device.
- Manchester coding is used for encoding communications between the first DALI control device 10 and the second DALI control device 11.
- the second DALI control device 11 may comprise an internal control unit which is designed to control a load element like a lamp depending on the communication received from primary DALI line 13. At least the second DALI control device 11 may comprise a galvanic decoupler, like an opto-coupler, which provides galvanic isolation from the primary DALI line 13 to the internal control unit.
- a Manchester coding is for example shown in Fig. 4 .
- the information is therein encoded in the transitions between a low signal level and a high signal level.
- the actual signal level of the LOW signal level and the HIGH signal level though is conventionally not used for information transmission.
- the signal level of the DALI signal is used for encoding additional information.
- four different signal levels 1 ⁇ 4 low, 1 ⁇ 2 low, 3 ⁇ 4 low, low are employed.
- also different HIGH levels can be used.
- at least two, preferably at least three, most preferably at least four signal levels are used for encoding the second information.
- the Manchester encoding as shown in Fig. 4 though is still used.
- a first information is encoded using the Manchester encoding, while a second information is encoded utilizing the signal levels.
- an amplitude modulation for example an amplitude shift keying
- a frequency modulation for example a frequency shift keying
- different signal frequencies within the LOW and HIGH pulses of the Manchester encoding can be used to encode the second information.
- the first DALI control device 10 comprises a controller 20.
- the second DALI control device 11 comprises a DALI interface 21.
- the controller 20 of the first DALI control device 10 and the DALI interface 21 of second DALI control device 11 are connected by a primary DALI line 13.
- the controller 20 provides the information to be transmitted over the primary DALI line 13, while the DALI interface 21 encodes the information for transmission through a secondary DALI line 12, which is connected to an internal control unit 15 of the second DALI control device 11.
- the internal control unit 15 is designed to control a load element, like a lamp, depending on the communication received from first DALI control device 10 via primary DALI line 13 and transferred over the DALI interface 21 to the secondary DALI line 12.
- the DALI interface 21 receives DALI signals through the secondary DALI line 12 from the internal control unit 15, decodes them, and provides the received information to the controller 20.
- the DALI Interface 21 here comprises an encoder 30 and a decoder 31, connected over the primary DALI line 13 to the controller 20 of Fig. 2 , and also connected to a galvanic decoupler 32, which again is connected to the secondary DALI line 12.
- the encoder 30 receives information to be transmitted from the controller 20 of Fig. 2 and encodes it. As described along Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 , a first piece of information is encoded using the Manchester encoding, while a second piece of information is encoded utilizing the signal levels, as especially shown in Fig. 5 .
- the galvanic decoupler 32 When receiving a DALI signal through the primary DALI line 13, the galvanic decoupler 32 performs a decoupling of the received signal together with performing a galvanic isolation.
- the encoder 30 therefore provides a coding signal to the galvanic decoupler 32, which performs a galvanic decoupling generated a DALI signal to be transmitted through the secondary DALI line 12.
- the galvanic decoupler 32 When receiving a DALI signal through the secondary DALI line 12, the galvanic decoupler 32 performs a galvanic decoupling and provides the received signal to the decoder 31.
- the decoder 31 decodes the received DALI signal and provides the decoded information through the controller 20 of Fig. 2 . Especially, the decoder 31 performs a Manchester decoding of a first piece of information and performs a decoding taking the signal levels into account, resulting into a second piece of information.
- the decoder 31 may for instance adjust the signal level on the primary DALI line 13 depending on the second information which can be decoded by decoder 31.
- the resulting DALI control device is compatible to legacy DALI control devices in that the first piece of information encoded using Manchester encoding can still be transmitted to and received from legacy DALI control devices. Only the second piece of information encoded utilizing the signal levels cannot be processed by legacy DALI control devices. Knowing which devices within the DALI system are legacy DALI control devices and which devices are inventive DALI control devices, it is possible to decide, if to transmit the second piece of information, or not. Also, when receiving information from a legacy DALI control device, it is not necessary to decode the signal levels, since legacy DALI control devices cannot transmit any information within the signal levels.
- the additional signal levels used are outside of the signal level range of the Manchester encoding. While in legacy DALI communication standard, a voltage of 10V for the low signal are used, an additional voltage the additional amplitude values could be around 12V.
- a further detail of an embodiment of the DALI control device is shown. Especially here, the inner workings of the galvanic decoupler 32 are shown. Since opto-couplers are often not very accurate with regard to the signal level, the use of opto-couplers is disadvantageous. Therefore here, a clocked DC-DC converter comprising a transformer is suggested.
- the DC-DC converter may be formed by a flyback converter or forward converter.
- the galvanic decoupler 32 formed by a clocked DC-DC converter comprises a transformer 61, connected to a source 60.
- the source 60 may be formed by the supplying primary DALI line 13, which is provided to the input terminals of the galvanic decoupler 32.
- the primary side of the transformer 61 is connected to a switch 62, which is controlled by the encoder 30.
- the switch 62 either leaves the primary side of the transformer 61 open or connects it to ground 63.
- the secondary side of the transformer 61 is connected to the secondary DALI line 12.
- the switch 62 is clocked with a high frequency signal by the encoder 30.
- the frequency and / or the duty cycle of the high frequency signal sets the signal level of the resulting DALI signal.
- the encoder 30 may detect the amplitude of the signal applied by the primary DALI line 13 and may set the frequency and / or the duty cycle of the high frequency signal depending on the amplitude of the signal applied by the primary DALI line 13 which is provided to the galvanic decoupler 32. Thereby an amplitude of a signal at the secondary side of the transformer 61 is set by a duty factor and / or switching frequency of the primary side switch 62 of the DC-DC converter 32.
- a switching signal which is of a sufficiently low frequency that the switching pulses are transferred to the secondary side, the previously described frequency modulation, e.g. frequency shift keying, the resulting DALI signal to encode the second information can be achieved.
- the switching is deactivated, while the different signal levels are set during the LOW pulses of the Manchester encoding, as for example showing in Fig. 5 .
- a coding scheme employing switching during all pulses, resulting in utilizing the HIGH and LOW pulse values for coding is possible.
- the information is transmitted to the secondary side and can be decoded on the receiver side as different frequencies within the low pulses of the Manchester encoded signal.
- the primary side switch 62 of the DC-DC converter 32 may be clocked at a fixed frequency and fixed duty cycle and thereby may transfer the level of the amplitude of the primary side voltage to the secondary side in a "feed-forward" operation. In such case there is no need that the encoder 30 detects the amplitude of the signal applied by the primary DALI line 13.
- the primary side switch 62 just has to be clocked at a given fixed frequency and given fixed duty cycle. As soon as there is a change in the amplitude of the signal applied by the primary DALI line 13 the resulting voltage on the secondary side of the transformer 61 will change proportional to the signal on primary DALI line 13.
- a back channel is shown.
- the secondary DALI line 12 is connected on the secondary side of the transformer 61.
- a secondary side switch 70 is shown on a receiver side of the secondary DALI line 12.
- the secondary side switch 70 may be connected in series with a load element, e.g. a resistance, which is not shown here.
- This secondary side switch 70 may perform a load modulation depending on signals or information received on the secondary DALI line 12 from the internal control unit 15.
- This load modulation is transformed by the transformer 61 to the primary side and can be read out there by a decoder 31, e.g. by monitoring of the resulting duty cycle of primary side switch 62 or by monitoring the current flowing through the primary side of transformer 61 or primary side switch 62.
- the decoder 31 then decodes the received DALI signal and provides the decoded information onto the primary DALI line 13, e.g. by switching a switching element (not shown) onto the primary DALI line 13. Especially, the decoder 31 switches the switching element depending on the decoded first information and second information into account. Thereby a DALI signal will be generated on the primary DALI line 13 comprising first information and second information, whereby the Manchester coding comprises a first piece of information and the signal level comprises the second piece of information.
- the decoder 31 may for instance adjust the signal level on the primary DALI line 13 depending on the first and second information which can be decoded by decoder 31.
- a first embodiment of the inventive method is shown.
- DALI signals are received and or transmitted.
- the signal level of the DALI signals is additionally utilized.
- first information is encoded in signal transitions of a DALI signal.
- second information is encoded in signal levels of a DALI signal.
- the DALI signal is transmitted. Any fourth step 203, the DALI signal is received.
- the first information, encoded in the signal transitions is decoded.
- the second information, encoded in the signal levels is decoded.
- the invention is not limited to the examples and especially not to a specific type of encoding or decoding scheme. Also it is not limited to a specific number of used signal levels for the encoding. The characteristics of the exemplary embodiments can be used in any advantageous combination.
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Claims (13)
- DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10), umfassend eine DALI-Schnittstelle (21),wobei die DALI-Schnittstelle (21) angepasst ist, um DALI-Signale zu empfangen und/oder zu übertragen,wobei die DALI-Schnittstelle (21) angepasst ist, um einen Signalpegel der DALI-Signale zusätzlich zu nutzen,wobei die DALI-Schnittstelle (21) einen Codierer (30) umfasst,der angepasst ist, zum- Codieren von ersten Informationen basierend auf Manchester-Codierung unddadurch gekennzeichnet, dassder Codierer (30) ferner angepasst ist, zum- Codieren von zweiten Informationen basierend auf einem Signalpegel von HOHEN und/oder NIEDRIGEN Impulsen der Manchester-Codierung.
- DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1,wobei der Codierer (30) angepasst ist, um die zweiten Informationen unter Verwendung von Amplitudenmodulation mit mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise mindestens drei, am meisten bevorzugt mindestens 4 Signalpegeln zu codieren, und/oderwobei der Codierer (30) angepasst ist, um die zweiten Informationen unter Verwendung von Frequenzmodulation mit mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise mindestens drei, am meisten bevorzugt mindestens 4 Signalfrequenzen innerhalb der HOHEN und/oder NIEDRIGEN Impulse der Manchester-Codierung zu codieren.
- DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,wobei die DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) angepasst ist, um DALI-Signale zu empfangen,wobei die DALI-Schnittstelle (21) einen Decodierer (31) umfasst, der angepasst ist, zum- Decodieren von ersten Informationen basierend auf Manchester-Codierung und- Decodieren von zweiten Informationen basierend auf einem Signalpegel von HOHEN und/oder NIEDRIGEN Impulsen der Manchester-Codierung.
- DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 3,wobei der Decodierer (31) angepasst ist, um die zweiten Informationen unter Verwendung von Amplitudenmodulation mit mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise mindestens drei, am meisten bevorzugt mindestens 4 Signalpegeln zu decodieren, und/oderwobei der Decodierer (31) angepasst ist, um die zweiten Informationen unter Verwendung von Frequenzmodulation mit mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise mindestens drei, am meisten bevorzugt mindestens 4 Signalfrequenzen innerhalb der HOHEN und/oder NIEDRIGEN Impulse der Manchester-Codierung zu decodieren.
- DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
wobei die DALI-Schnittstelle (21) einen galvanischen Entkoppler (32) umfasst, der angepasst ist, um eine galvanische Entkopplung der DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) und eines Verbindungsanschlusses mit einer sekundären DALI-Leitung (12) durchzuführen. - DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 5,
wobei der galvanische Entkoppler (32) ein hochfrequent getakteter Gleichspannungswandler ist, umfassend einen Transformator (61),
wobei der hochfrequent getaktete Gleichspannungswandler, umfassend einen Transformator (61), angepasst ist, um eine Lastmodulation einer Sekundärseite auf eine Primärseite zu übertragen, wodurch ein Rückwärtskanal ausgebildet wird. - DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 6,
wobei die DALI-Schnittstelle (21) angepasst ist, um die Taktung des hochfrequent getakteten Gleichspannungswandlers einzustellen, um eine Amplitudenmodulation und/oder eine Frequenzmodulation der HOHEN-und/oder NIEDRIGEN Impulse des DALI-Signals an einer Sekundärseite des Transformators durchzuführen. - DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 7,wobei der hochfrequent getaktete Gleichspannungswandler einen primärseitigen Schalter (62) umfasst, undwobei eine Amplitude eines Signals an der Sekundärseite des Transformators (61) durch ein Tastverhältnis des primärseitigen Schalters des Gleichspannungswandlers eingestellt wird.
- DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
wobei die DALI-Schnittstelle (21) angepasst ist, um mit Vermächtnis-DALI-Vorrichtungen kompatibel zu sein. - DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 9,
wobei die DALI-Schnittstelle (21) angepasst ist, um zusätzliche Signalpegel zwischen 10 V und 30 V, vorzugsweise zwischen 11 V und 15 V, am meisten bevorzugt zwischen 11,5 V und 12,5 V, zu nutzen. - DALI-System, umfassend eine erste DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1, eine zweite DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 3 und eine primäre DALI-Leitung (13), die die erste DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) und die zweite DALI-Steuervorrichtung (10) verbindet.
- Verfahren zum Kommunizieren unter Verwendung einer DALI-Schnittstelle (21), das Verfahren umfassend:- Empfangen (100) und/oder Übertragen von DALI-Signalen,- zusätzliches Nutzen (101) eines Signalpegels der DALI-Signale durch- Codieren von ersten Information basierend auf Manchester-Codierung, gekennzeichnet durch- Codieren von zweiten Information basierend auf einem Signalpegel von HOHEN und/oder NIEDRIGEN Impulsen der Manchester-Codierung.
- Computerprogramm mit einem Programmcode zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 12, wenn das Computerprogramm auf einem Computer abläuft.
Priority Applications (2)
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EP18210318.4A EP3664581B1 (de) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | Dali-steuerungsvorrichtung |
PCT/EP2019/083745 WO2020115169A1 (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2019-12-04 | Dali control device |
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EP18210318.4A EP3664581B1 (de) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | Dali-steuerungsvorrichtung |
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EP3664581A1 EP3664581A1 (de) | 2020-06-10 |
EP3664581B1 true EP3664581B1 (de) | 2023-02-01 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102004040947A1 (de) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-03-16 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schnittstellenschaltung zur Übertragung von digitalen Signalen |
US8798175B2 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2014-08-05 | Intersil Americas LLC | Communicating with a self-clocking amplitude modulated signal |
GB2499016B (en) | 2012-02-03 | 2016-08-03 | Tridonic Uk Ltd | Lighting power supply |
DE102016201390A1 (de) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg | Versorgungseinheit für einen Bus |
WO2018189046A1 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-18 | Philips Lighting Holding B.V. | System and method for enhancing data rates over addressable lighting networks |
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EP3664581A1 (de) | 2020-06-10 |
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