EP3640040B1 - Safety film and method for manufacturing a safety film - Google Patents

Safety film and method for manufacturing a safety film Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3640040B1
EP3640040B1 EP19204424.6A EP19204424A EP3640040B1 EP 3640040 B1 EP3640040 B1 EP 3640040B1 EP 19204424 A EP19204424 A EP 19204424A EP 3640040 B1 EP3640040 B1 EP 3640040B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
safety
layer
layers
substrate
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP19204424.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3640040A1 (en
Inventor
Saloua Kharij
Sophie OOSTENBROEK DE LANGE
Françoise DANIEL
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Surys SA
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Surys SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3640040A1 publication Critical patent/EP3640040A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/364—Liquid crystals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/378—Special inks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/378—Special inks
    • B42D25/382—Special inks absorbing or reflecting infrared light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • B42D25/455—Associating two or more layers using heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • B42D25/46—Associating two or more layers using pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • B42D25/465—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
    • B42D25/47—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F3/0291—Labels or tickets undergoing a change under particular conditions, e.g. heat, radiation, passage of time
    • G09F3/0292—Labels or tickets undergoing a change under particular conditions, e.g. heat, radiation, passage of time tamper indicating labels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F3/03—Forms or constructions of security seals
    • G09F3/0305—Forms or constructions of security seals characterised by the type of seal used
    • G09F3/0341—Forms or constructions of security seals characterised by the type of seal used having label sealing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F2003/023—Adhesive
    • G09F2003/0245—Differential adhesive strength
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F2003/0276—Safety features, e.g. colour, prominent part, logo
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/08—Fastening or securing by means not forming part of the material of the label itself
    • G09F3/10—Fastening or securing by means not forming part of the material of the label itself by an adhesive layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of security marking. More particularly, it relates to a security film transferable onto a document, a method for manufacturing such a security film and a method for securing a document by means of such a security film.
  • optical security components whose optical effects as a function of observation parameters (orientation relative to the axis of observation, position and dimensions of the light source, etc.) take on characteristic and verifiable configurations.
  • the general purpose of these optical components is to provide easily identifiable and differentiating optical effects, for example optical effects visible to the naked eye, from physical configurations that are difficult to reproduce or imitate.
  • optical security components for example components of the OVD type for “Optical Variable Device” and particularly the components of the DOVID type for “Diffractive Optical Variable Image Device”, suitable for generating diffractive effects, in reflection or in transmission are known. , commonly referred to as "holograms".
  • optical security components forming wavelength filters are known, for example interference filters to achieve, for example, color change effects known by the English term " color shift”, band-pass filters using guided mode resonances of the DID ® type (sold by the company SURYS ® ) or plasmonic resonances, etc.
  • label-type multilayer films comprising a support film on which is arranged a set of layers including a set of active layers making it possible to give the optical component a recognizable optical effect and an adhesive layer.
  • the average thickness of label-type multilayer films is between 20 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m.
  • Such multilayer films are intended to be bonded to a support of a document to be secured, for example by hot bonding, by means of the adhesive layer.
  • EP 0 401 466 A1 describes the preamble of claim 1.
  • multilayer transfer films designed to be transferred locally onto the document to be secured, in particular by hot pressing. After the transfer, the support film that was used to manufacture the component is removed.
  • the component after transfer is therefore much thinner (typically less than about ten micrometers thick) than a label-type multilayer film. It generally covers a limited part of the surface to be protected, generally greater than 10 mm 2 and typically a few cm 2 ; it can be one-piece or consist of several contiguous or disjoint fragments.
  • FIG. 1 thus illustrates a multilayer transfer film 10 configured to be transferred onto a document. It generally comprises a support film 11, a detachment layer 12, a set of so-called “optically active” layers 13 or “security layers” making it possible to give the multilayer transfer film a recognizable optical effect, and an adhesive layer 14.
  • the transfer film is transferred onto a surface of a substrate 100 of a document to be secured by means of the adhesive layer 14, for example by hot pressing, the detachment layer 12 allows total detachment of the part to be removed, namely the support film 11 and the release layer 12.
  • a protective film is applied to the entire substrate of the document locally coated with the set of optically active layers, in order to confer on the whole of the surface a physico-chemical protection against natural or artificial aggressions.
  • Such multilayer transfer films are for example described in the published patent application EP 1770670 or published patent application FR 2 968 239 . More specifically, the document EP 1770670 describes a heat transferable multilayer transfer film, in the form of a continuous strip, and used to transfer onto a document of value one or more optical components whose shapes are determined by the shape(s) of the iron marking used for hot pressing.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a transferable security film on a substrate of a document, the optically active layers of which, i.e. forming the optical security component, have the ability to separate from the substrate according to a predetermined pattern of destruction. checked in response to a subsequent attempt to tear off the component with fraudulent intent, in particular when the latter is covered with an additional protective film.
  • the present description relates to a transferable security film on a substrate of a document to be secured, as described in one of claims 1 or 5.
  • Such a security film allows, after transfer of the security film to the substrate of the document and during a subsequent and ill-intentioned tearing attempt of the set of security layers, a selective and controlled destruction of said set of layers according to the destruction pattern which reproduces the discontinuous pattern of the controlled destruction layer. It is therefore no longer possible for a counterfeiter to extract all or a substantial part of an optical security component formed by said set of security layers.
  • the security film further comprises an adhesive layer for fixing the security film to the substrate.
  • the adhesive layer is in contact with a second face of the set of security layers, opposite said first face.
  • the adhesive layer comprises a material selected from the group comprising: a resin based on an acrylic copolymer, and/or a styrene-acrylate copolymer and/or an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, which may contain silica.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer is between 1.0 ⁇ m and 6.0 ⁇ m.
  • the adhesive layer is continuous, in order to ensure uniform adhesion of the security film to the substrate.
  • the security film further comprises a detachment layer, uniform, in contact with the support film, of a different nature from that of the controlled destruction layer.
  • the detachment layer makes it possible to facilitate the detachment of the support film during the transfer to the substrate.
  • the release layer comprises a material selected from the group comprising: a natural wax (e.g. candelilla, montan, carnauba or equivalent), a synthetic wax, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic resin, a cellulosic resin, or a combination of these materials. During a hot transfer, for example, these materials can melt and allow total detachment by creep.
  • the thickness of the detachment layer is less than 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • a detachment of the support film during transfer from the substrate can be facilitated by means, for example, of a pretreatment of the surface of the support film.
  • the detachment layer and/or the pretreatment of the support film allow total elimination of the support film after transfer of the security film to the substrate, without this total elimination causing degradation of the set of security layers.
  • the support film comprises a material selected from the group comprising: a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polypropylene (PP), a polystyrene (PS).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PP polypropylene
  • PS polystyrene
  • the controlled destruction layer comprises a material selected from the group comprising: a polyacrylate, a polyvinyl chloride, a polyvinyl acetate, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate, a polyester, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, hydrocarbon resin, chlorinated polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, fluoropolymer, melamine resin, ketone/formaldehyde resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, urea resin, synthetic resin, a polystyrene, a polymeric cellulose compound, a polyamide, a liquid crystal polymer (LCPs), or a combination of the aforementioned materials.
  • a material selected from the group comprising: a polyacrylate, a polyvinyl chloride, a polyvinyl acetate, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate, a polyester, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, hydrocarbon resin, chlorinated polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol
  • security films according to the present description comprising layers of controlled destruction comprising a fluoropolymer, for example a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), for example a crystallizing PVDF in the alpha form, have shown satisfactory selective destruction of an optical component security resulting from the transfer of the security film onto a document to be secured.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • tests for measuring the peeling force necessary for tearing off the optical security component have shown a profile of the peeling force characteristic of a pattern of controlled destruction.
  • the controlled destruction layer comprises at least one crosslinking agent in order to induce a bridging reaction with a layer in contact with said controlled destruction layer, and initially exhibiting little affinity with it.
  • the controlled destruction layer comprises between 0.5% and 2% by weight of said crosslinking agent.
  • said crosslinking agent is selected from the group comprising: a carbodiimide, a melamine resin, an aziridine, an isocyanate or a combination of the aforementioned materials.
  • a bridging reaction can for example be triggered by a hot lamination process.
  • the thickness of the controlled destruction layer is between 100 nm and 2 ⁇ m, for example between 200 nm and 1 ⁇ m.
  • the controlled destruction layer being discontinuous, the thickness in question corresponds to a local thickness, i.e. to a thickness of the controlled destruction layer corresponding to the case where the layer is continuous, i.e. say without empty parts.
  • the thickness in question does not correspond to an average thickness taking into account the empty parts and the solid parts of the controlled destruction layer.
  • the controlled destruction layer is thin enough not to be detected on visual inspection.
  • the controlled destruction layer is transparent in the spectral band of visible light.
  • transparent layer is meant in the present description a layer having a transmission at least greater than or equal to 80%, for example greater than or equal to 90% in the observation spectral band.
  • the controlled destruction layer comprises markers detectable only in a given spectral band.
  • said spectral band is included in UVA, UVB, UVC, infrared, or a combination of these spectral bands.
  • the markers are detectable under the action of light, thermal (e.g. thermochromic pigments), electromagnetic or piezoelectric stimulation.
  • the markers can comprise an ink of the IRB900 type, defined in ISO1831 and detectable only in the near infrared (850 nm to 950 nm).
  • the set of security layers comprises a structured layer.
  • Said structured layer can be produced, for example, by hot stamping a thermoformable layer or by cold molding in a molding layer, followed by a crosslinking operation, according to a technology known by its English name of "casting”. .
  • the set of security layers comprises a reflective, continuous or discontinuous layer.
  • the reflective layer is formed of a metallic coating, for example produced by vacuum deposition of one or more metallic films, comprising for example aluminium, chromium, copper or an alloy of these metals.
  • the reflective layer can also be formed of a layer of transparent dielectric material in the visible and of an optical refractive index distinct from that of the surrounding layers, that is to say having a refractive index differential greater than 0.2, advantageously greater than 0.5.
  • the transparent dielectric material may for example comprise zinc sulphide (ZnS) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) or another material.
  • the reflective layer may comprise alternating layers of metallic material and layers of dielectric material, such as those mentioned above.
  • the reflective layer is continuous. In other examples, it is discontinuous.
  • the continuous or discontinuous character of the reflective layer is provided according to the needs of contrast or transparency of the set of security layers.
  • the set of security layers may further comprise an optional encapsulation layer.
  • a set of security layers in a security film according to the present description can be intended to form, in a non-limiting manner, a DOVID-type security optical component, a zero-order reflective component as described for example in the published patent applications EP2567270 , EP3129238 , Or EP2264491 , a component with a plasmonic effect as described for example in the published patent application WO2013060817 .
  • the thickness of the set of security layers is between 0.5 ⁇ m and 1.5 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the security film once the support film has been removed is less than 10 ⁇ m.
  • the present description relates to a method of manufacturing a security film according to the first aspect.
  • the present description relates to a method of manufacturing a security film, as described in claim 6.
  • a surface treatment of one or more layers is carried out before or after the deposition of said layers.
  • Said surface treatment can for example include a corona treatment or else a plasma treatment.
  • Plasma treatment can be carried out at ambient pressure (“atmospheric plasma”), or under high vacuum, at a pressure of the order of Pascal.
  • the surface treatment of the layers can allow better adhesion between layers depending on the nature of the materials involved. Thus, in certain cases, a surface treatment can make it possible to moderate apparent incompatibilities related to the nature of the materials.
  • the controlled destruction layer is printed on the detachment layer or on the support film, on a limited surface, between 30% and 70%, for example between 40% and 60%, of the total area of the release layer or carrier film.
  • too small a printing surface of the controlled destruction layer will have the effect of disfavoring controlled destruction by tearing off the protective film, because the controlled destruction layer will be entrained in an exacerbated manner by the protective film.
  • an excessively large printing surface of the destruction layer could also disadvantage controlled destruction, because the controlled destruction layer will be retained in an exacerbated manner on the substrate.
  • the printing of the discontinuous controlled destruction layer comprises the printing of regular or irregular patterns.
  • the patterns may include dimples or other finished surfaces and/or straight lines and/or curved lines and/or jagged lines and/or alphanumeric characters.
  • Printing methods can include offset (indirect printing), rotogravure, screen printing, or even flexography, for rapid printing, for example industrial printing in series.
  • Ink-jet type printing can also be used to allow variable, "à la carte" printing of the patterns of the controlled destruction layer.
  • the transfer of said security film onto said substrate is obtained by hot pressing.
  • the method for protecting a secure document according to the third aspect further comprises depositing a protective film on said at least part of a first face of said substrate.
  • the document is not only protected from natural attacks such as mechanical attacks (abrasion, friction) and physicochemical attacks (humidity, contact with a liquid) but also secured in the event of malicious tearing. Indeed, in a document thus secured, the applicant has shown that a tearing attempt would result in a partial, predictable and controlled tearing of the set of security layers, resulting from the presence of the discontinuous controlled destruction layer.
  • optical security component thus transferred can cover a limited surface of the substrate.
  • it can be monobloc or consist of several fragments, contiguous or disjoint.
  • the protective film is not only in contact with at least one optical security component but is also in contact with the substrate, and thus circumscribes one or more component blocks security optics.
  • the protective film must be able to adhere to the substrate to circumscribe the part or parts of the at least one face of the substrate coated with the at least one first optical security component, while allowing controlled destruction of the at least one component safety optics during a malicious pull-out attempt.
  • the protective film comprises a polymer material.
  • the protective film may comprise a layer of polyethylene PE and a layer of polyester PET, in which said layer of PE is the layer of the protective film in contact, in particular, with the layer of controlled destruction.
  • the layer of polyethylene PE can be coextruded on the layer of polyester PET.
  • the protective film is composed of a layer of PE coextruded on a layer of PET, during the deposition of the protective film, it is the layer of PE which ensures the thermal bonding on the substrate thanks to the thermofusible nature of PE linked to its lower softening temperature than PET.
  • the thickness of the protective film is between 75 ⁇ m and 300 ⁇ m, for example between 100 ⁇ m and 300 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the protective film is between 150 ⁇ m and 250 ⁇ m.
  • the controlled destruction layer comprises a fluoropolymer, for example a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), for example a crystallizing PVDF in the alpha form;
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the controlled destruction layers have shown satisfactory selective destruction of an optical security component resulting from the transfer of the security film onto a document to be secured, in particular after depositing a film of protection, and in particular a protective film comprising a layer of polyethylene PE and a layer of polyester PET in which said layer of PE is the layer of the protective film in contact, in particular, with the controlled destruction layer.
  • the substrate is a physical support comprising a material which can be selected from the group comprising: a paper, a plastic, a synthetic paper such as TESLIN ® or else TYVEK ® .
  • the substrate is opaque, i.e. with a transmittance of less than or equal to 20%, for example less than or equal to 10%.
  • the substrate may comprise an opaque material present in a sufficient quantity in the substrate to make said substrate opaque.
  • FIG. 2 A first example of a security film 20 according to the present description is represented on the FIG. 2 .
  • the safety film 20 as illustrated on the FIG. 2 comprises a support film 21 intended to be removed after transfer, and a set of security layers 23 conferring a recognizable optical effect on the security film 20.
  • the security film 20 of the FIG.2 includes in this example an adhesive layer 24 (optional) for fixing the security film 20 on a substrate 100 of a secure document.
  • the adhesive layer 24 is in contact with one side of the set of security layers.
  • the security film 20 further comprises a controlled destruction layer 26, discontinuous, arranged between the support film 21 and one face of the assembly of security layers 23 opposite the face in contact with the adhesive layer 24.
  • the controlled destruction 26 is intended to remain fixed to the set of security layers 23 during the transfer of the security film to the substrate 100.
  • the set of security layers 23 comprises an at least partially structured layer 232, a reflective layer 231 and an optional encapsulation layer 233.
  • the layer 232 comprises for example polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
  • Layer 231 may be discontinuous.
  • the structuring of the layer 232 makes it possible to form, according to known means of the state of the art, an optical effect recognizable by an observer, in reflection or in transmission.
  • the set of security layers forms, for example and in a non-limiting way, an optical component of the DOVID type, a reflective component at zero order using resonances of guided modes of the DID ® type, a component with a plasmonic effect.
  • the set of security layers can also be able to generate an interference filter, in which case a structuring of the layer 232 is not always necessary.
  • the set of security layers can thus comprise a stack of transparent dielectric layers and/or transparent semi-conducting layers and/or semi-transparent metallic layers.
  • the set of security layers can comprise any multilayer arrangement suitable for forming, in known manner, a recognizable optical effect, for example a static and/or dynamic colored effect, which varies according to the viewing conditions.
  • the security film further comprises a release layer 22.
  • This layer 22 is optional.
  • the detachment layer 22 is uniform, in contact with the support film 21, of a different nature from that of the controlled destruction layer 26, and configured to allow the detachment of the support film 21 during transfer to the substrate 100 for the protection of a secure document.
  • the support film 21 may also have a coating such as to facilitate its detachment, in particular in the case where the detachment layer 22 is absent.
  • the transfer of the security film according to the present description can be done hot or cold.
  • the hot transfer can be carried out by pressing the security film on the substrate 100 of the document to be secured.
  • cold transfer for example in the case of a transfer of the " cold stamping " type, can be carried out by UV crosslinking of the adhesive layer 24 of the security film on the substrate 100.
  • the adhesive layer is not contained in the safety film. In this case, an adhesive layer can be affixed to the substrate 100 prior to the transfer of the security film.
  • the substrate 100 is for example a physical support comprising a material which can be selected from the group comprising: a paper, a plastic, a synthetic paper such as TESLIN ® , or else TYVEK ® .
  • the support film 21 can be removed.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a document secured by means of a method according to the present description, resulting for example from the transfer of a security film according to the example of the FIG. 2 , on a substrate 100 of a document.
  • the secure document 30 as shown in the FIG. 3 comprises the substrate 100 and at least one first optical security component resulting from the transfer of a security film according to the present description, onto at least part of a first face of the substrate 100.
  • the optical security component thus comprises the set of security layers 23 and the controlled destruction layer 26, the support film having been detached with the release layer, if applicable.
  • the secure document 30 further comprises a protective film 31 deposited on the whole of said at least one first face of said substrate 100 coated with said at least one first optical security component.
  • the component thus transferred can cover a limited part of the surface to be protected, typically a few cm 2 , and it can be in one piece or consist of several fragments, the surface of each fragment being for example greater than 5 mm 2 , for example greater than 2 mm 2 , said fragments being contiguous or disjoint.
  • the protective film 31 is then not only in contact with at least one optical security component but can also be in contact with at least a part of the substrate 100 and thus circumscribe one or more optical security components.
  • the protective film 31 When the protective film 31 covers the optical security component, it is in contact with the controlled destruction layer 26, but also with one side of the set of security layers 23, due to the discontinuous nature of the controlled destruction 26.
  • the protective film 31 may for example comprise a layer of polyethylene PE coextruded on a layer of polyester PET, the PE layer being intended to be in contact with the controlled destruction layer 26 and the set of security layers 23.
  • the thickness of the protective film 31 can be between 75 ⁇ m and 300 ⁇ m.
  • FIG.4 illustrates a possible effect of malicious tearing of the protective film 31 from the secure document 30.
  • the attempt to tear off the protective film 31 from the secure document 30 causes a selective, predictable and controlled destruction of the set of security layers 23 in the sense that the destruction pattern of the set of security layers 23 reproduces the discontinuous pattern of the controlled destruction layer over the entire tear-off surface.
  • the selective and controlled destruction of the set of security layers 23 can also be reinforced by a vertical adhesion gradient within the secure document 30.
  • This vertical adhesion gradient or adhesion differential can result directly from the nature of the materials involved in the layers.
  • the inventors believe that affinities between materials included in different layers, at the level of the junction between layers, that is to say at the surface of the layers, generate as many differentiated weaknesses within of the secure document 30.
  • the difference in adhesion between the set of security layers 23 and the protective film 31 on the one hand and between the controlled destruction layer 26 and the set of security layers 23 d on the other hand can be guided by the nature of the materials forming these layers.
  • crosslinking agents within one or more layers can also influence these differentiated weaknesses by inducing the formation of bridges between layers.
  • the adhesion differential can also result from the choice of the thicknesses of each layer, generating mechanical stresses during tearing which, in combination with the nature of the materials included in the layers, will also influence the pattern of destruction of the assembly. layers of security 23.
  • a break at the interface between the adhesive layer 24 and the set of security layers 23, or a break between two layers of different natures included in the set of security layers 23 are also conceivable according to one or more exemplary embodiments according to the present description.
  • FIG. 5A illustrates a regular printing pattern of a controlled destruction layer 26 of an example of security film according to the present description.
  • the printing of the discontinuous controlled destruction layer 26 is carried out directly on the support film 21 (see the white areas corresponding to the walls between the cells).
  • FIG. 5B shows an irregular print pattern of a controlled destruction layer 26 of another example of security film according to the present description.
  • the hexagonal pattern shown on the FIG. 5A is made more complex by means of a curved line which is superimposed on the regular pattern.
  • the patterns can be obtained for example and according to certain printing techniques by a printing cylinder comprising an engraving pattern which is the negative of the desired printing pattern for the controlled destruction layer.
  • FIG. 6A and 6B A demonstration of the technical effect of controlled destruction of an optical security component according to the present description is illustrated on the FIG. 6A and 6B , representing peel strength measurements made in accordance with the technique described in ISO/IEC 10373-1:1998(E).
  • a peeling between layers of a card takes place according to a displacement in a linear peeling direction, the direction of the applied peeling force being maintained at 90° to the plane of the card throughout the displacement.
  • FIG. 6A illustrates the measurement of the peel force applied, that is to say the force required to tear off the protective film from a substrate coated in places with an optical security component.
  • the peel force expressed in arbitrary units and represented as the ordinate on the FIG. 6A , corresponds to the force required for peeling off the protective film, as a function of a displacement along a linear peeling direction, expressed in mm, represented on the abscissa on the graph.
  • the optical security component does not comprise a controlled destruction layer according to the present description.
  • the substrate of the FIG. 6A is made of Teslin ® and the protective film of coextruded PET/PE, the PE layer of the protective film being the one in contact with the optical security component and with the Teslin ® in places where the latter is not covered with the component security optics.
  • the lower part of the peel force curve obtained ie between about 40 mm and 60 mm, corresponds to the tearing forces at the level of the safety component, and illustrates the case of a tearing without controlled destruction effect, the part bottom of the curve being smooth.
  • the optical security component remained attached to the Teslin ® . It should be noted that in the case of a rupture at an interface between two layers of the optical security component, or else a cohesive rupture of the adhesive layer, a similar curve of the peel force would have been obtained, ie a smooth plateau with a different peel strength value.
  • FIG. 6B illustrates the case where the same PET/PE protective film is torn from a Teslin ® substrate partially coated with an optical security component, in which, this time, a controlled destruction layer is present, according to the this description.
  • the lower part of the peel force curve ie between approximately 40 mm and 60 mm, and corresponding to the tearing forces at the level of the safety component no longer appears in the form of a smooth plateau.
  • the controlled destruction effect is recognizable on the curve in the form of several undulations resulting from the discontinuity of the controlled destruction layer.
  • the security film according to the invention and the process for manufacturing said film comprise various variants, modifications and improvements which will appear obvious to those skilled in the art, it being understood that these various variants, modifications and improvements form part of the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.

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Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention concerne le domaine du marquage de sécurité. Plus particulièrement, elle se rapporte à un film de sécurité transférable sur un document, un procédé de fabrication d'un tel film de sécurité et un procédé de sécurisation d'un document au moyen d'un tel film de sécurité.The present invention relates to the field of security marking. More particularly, it relates to a security film transferable onto a document, a method for manufacturing such a security film and a method for securing a document by means of such a security film.

ETAT DE L'ARTSTATE OF THE ART

On connaît de nombreuses technologies pour la sécurisation de documents, et notamment pour la sécurisation de documents tels que des documents de voyage, par exemple des passeports ou autres documents d'identification temporaires ou définitifs, des documents officiels de type permis de conduire, carte d'identification du véhicule, certificats, ou bien des documents de valeur de type billets de banque. Ces technologies visent à la protection contre les tentatives de falsification et contrefaçon grâce à l'utilisation de composants optiques de sécurité dont les effets optiques en fonction de paramètres d'observation (orientation par rapport à l'axe d'observation, position et dimensions de la source lumineuse, etc.) prennent des configurations caractéristiques et vérifiables. Le but général de ces composants optiques est de fournir des effets optiques aisément identifiables et différenciants, par exemple des effets optiques visibles à l'oeil nu, à partir de configurations physiques difficilement reproductibles ou imitables.Many technologies are known for securing documents, and in particular for securing documents such as travel documents, for example passports or other temporary or permanent identification documents, official documents such as driving licenses, identity cards, etc. vehicle identification, certificates, or valuable documents such as banknotes. These technologies aim to protect against attempts at falsification and counterfeiting through the use of optical security components whose optical effects as a function of observation parameters (orientation relative to the axis of observation, position and dimensions of the light source, etc.) take on characteristic and verifiable configurations. The general purpose of these optical components is to provide easily identifiable and differentiating optical effects, for example optical effects visible to the naked eye, from physical configurations that are difficult to reproduce or imitate.

Parmi les composants optiques de sécurité, on connait par exemple les composants de type OVD pour « Optical Variable Device » et particulièrement les composants de type DOVID pour "Diffractive Optical Variable Image Device", adaptés pour générer des effets diffractifs, en réflexion ou en transmission, communément appelés « hologrammes ». Outre les composants optiques de sécurité configurés pour générer des effets diffractifs, on connait des composants optiques de sécurité formant des filtres en longueurs d'onde, par exemple des filtres interférentiels pour réaliser par exemple des effets de changement de couleurs connus sous le terme anglais "color shift", des filtres passe-bande utilisant des résonances de modes guidés de type DID® (commercialisés par la société SURYS®) ou des résonances plasmoniques, etc.Among the optical security components, for example components of the OVD type for “Optical Variable Device” and particularly the components of the DOVID type for “Diffractive Optical Variable Image Device”, suitable for generating diffractive effects, in reflection or in transmission are known. , commonly referred to as "holograms". In addition to optical security components configured to generate diffractive effects, optical security components forming wavelength filters are known, for example interference filters to achieve, for example, color change effects known by the English term " color shift", band-pass filters using guided mode resonances of the DID ® type (sold by the company SURYS ® ) or plasmonic resonances, etc.

Pour la sécurisation de documents au moyen de composants optiques de sécurité, il est connu d'inclure ces composants dans des films multicouches de type « étiquettes », comprenant un film support sur lequel est agencé un ensemble de couches dont un ensemble de couches actives permettant de conférer au composant optique un effet optique reconnaissable et une couche adhésive. L'épaisseur moyenne des films multicouches de type étiquette est comprise entre 20 µm et 100 µm. De tels films multicouches sont destinés à être collés sur un support d'un document à sécuriser, par exemple par collage à chaud, au moyen de la couche adhésive.For securing documents using optical security components, it is It is known to include these components in multilayer films of the “label” type, comprising a support film on which is arranged a set of layers including a set of active layers making it possible to give the optical component a recognizable optical effect and an adhesive layer. The average thickness of label-type multilayer films is between 20 μm and 100 μm. Such multilayer films are intended to be bonded to a support of a document to be secured, for example by hot bonding, by means of the adhesive layer.

Les brevets et demande de brevet US5104471 (ou EP 0 401 466 A1 ) et US20160200133 décrivent ainsi des films multicouches de type étiquette. EP 0 401 466 A1 décrit le préambule de la revendication 1.Patents and patent applications US5104471 (Or EP 0 401 466 A1 ) And US20160200133 thus describe label-type multilayer films. EP 0 401 466 A1 describes the preamble of claim 1.

Pour la sécurisation de documents au moyen de composants optiques de sécurité, il est également connu d'inclure ces composants dans des films dits « films transfert multicouches » conçus pour être transférés localement sur le document à sécuriser, notamment par pressage à chaud. Après le transfert, le film support qui a servi à la fabrication du composant est éliminé. Le composant après transfert est donc beaucoup plus fin (typiquement d'épaisseur inférieure à une dizaine de micromètres) qu'un film multicouches de type étiquette. Il couvre généralement une partie limitée de la surface à protéger, en général supérieure à 10 mm2 et typiquement de quelques cm2 ; il peut être monobloc ou être constitué de plusieurs fragments contigus ou disjoints.For securing documents by means of optical security components, it is also known to include these components in films called “multilayer transfer films” designed to be transferred locally onto the document to be secured, in particular by hot pressing. After the transfer, the support film that was used to manufacture the component is removed. The component after transfer is therefore much thinner (typically less than about ten micrometers thick) than a label-type multilayer film. It generally covers a limited part of the surface to be protected, generally greater than 10 mm 2 and typically a few cm 2 ; it can be one-piece or consist of several contiguous or disjoint fragments.

La FIG. 1 illustre ainsi un film transfert multicouche 10 configuré pour être transféré sur un document. Il comprend généralement un film support 11, une couche de détachement 12, un ensemble de couches 13 dites « optiquement actives » ou « couches de sécurité » permettant de conférer au film transfert multicouches un effet optique reconnaissable, et une couche adhésive 14. Lorsque le film transfert est transféré sur une surface d'un substrat 100 d'un document à sécuriser au moyen de la couche adhésive 14, par exemple par pressage à chaud, la couche de détachement 12 permet un décollement total de la partie à éliminer, à savoir le film support 11 et la couche de détachement 12. Dans certains cas, après transfert et détachement du film support et de la couche de détachement, un film de protection est appliqué sur l'ensemble du substrat du document revêtu localement de l'ensemble de couches optiquement actives, afin de conférer à l'ensemble de la surface une protection physico chimique contre les agressions naturelles ou artificielles.There FIG. 1 thus illustrates a multilayer transfer film 10 configured to be transferred onto a document. It generally comprises a support film 11, a detachment layer 12, a set of so-called "optically active" layers 13 or "security layers" making it possible to give the multilayer transfer film a recognizable optical effect, and an adhesive layer 14. When the transfer film is transferred onto a surface of a substrate 100 of a document to be secured by means of the adhesive layer 14, for example by hot pressing, the detachment layer 12 allows total detachment of the part to be removed, namely the support film 11 and the release layer 12. In some cases, after transfer and detachment of the support film and the release layer, a protective film is applied to the entire substrate of the document locally coated with the set of optically active layers, in order to confer on the whole of the surface a physico-chemical protection against natural or artificial aggressions.

De tels films transfert multicouches sont par exemple décrits dans la demande de brevet publiée EP 1770670 ou la demande de brevet publiée FR 2 968 239 . Plus précisément, le document EP 1770670 décrit un film transfert multicouches transférable à chaud, se présentant sous forme d'une bande continue, et utilisé pour transférer sur un document de valeur un ou plusieurs composants optiques dont les formes sont déterminées par la ou les forme(s) du fer de marquage utilisé pour le pressage à chaud.Such multilayer transfer films are for example described in the published patent application EP 1770670 or published patent application FR 2 968 239 . More specifically, the document EP 1770670 describes a heat transferable multilayer transfer film, in the form of a continuous strip, and used to transfer onto a document of value one or more optical components whose shapes are determined by the shape(s) of the iron marking used for hot pressing.

Des documents sécurisés avec des films transfert multicouches connus de l'état de l'art sont par essence extrêmement difficiles à répliquer de façon efficace, notamment parce que les technologies pour la réalisation des couches optiquement actives sont complexes à mettre en oeuvre. Cependant, un faussaire pourrait tenter d'extraire les composants optiques de sécurité transférés sur un document afin de les réutiliser dans des documents de contrefaçon, quitte à utiliser des conditions d'extraction extrêmes (e.g. très haute température, très basse pression). En pratique, une tentative d'arrachement malintentionné d'un composant optique résultant du transfert d'un film transfert multicouches tel qu'illustré sur la FIG. 1 entraîne une destruction des couches optiquement actives selon un motif de destruction imprévisible, et de ce fait peu satisfaisante pour se prémunir de la contrefaçon.Documents secured with multilayer transfer films known from the state of the art are in essence extremely difficult to replicate effectively, in particular because the technologies for producing the optically active layers are complex to implement. However, a forger could attempt to extract the optical security components transferred to a document in order to reuse them in counterfeit documents, even if it means using extreme extraction conditions (eg very high temperature, very low pressure). In practice, a malicious attempt to tear off an optical component resulting from the transfer of a multilayer transfer film as illustrated in the FIG. 1 leads to destruction of the optically active layers according to an unpredictable pattern of destruction, and therefore unsatisfactory to guard against counterfeiting.

Un objet de l'invention est de fournir un film de sécurité transférable sur un substrat d'un document, dont les couches optiquement actives, i.e. formant le composant optique de sécurité, présentent une capacité à se désolidariser du substrat suivant un motif prédéterminé de destruction contrôlée en réponse à une tentative d'arrachement ultérieure du composant dans une intention de fraude, en particulier lorsque celui-ci est recouvert d'un film complémentaire de protection.An object of the invention is to provide a transferable security film on a substrate of a document, the optically active layers of which, i.e. forming the optical security component, have the ability to separate from the substrate according to a predetermined pattern of destruction. checked in response to a subsequent attempt to tear off the component with fraudulent intent, in particular when the latter is covered with an additional protective film.

RESUME DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Selon un premier aspect, la présente description concerne un film de sécurité transférable sur un substrat d'un document à sécuriser, tel que décrit dans l'une des revendications 1 ou 5.According to a first aspect, the present description relates to a transferable security film on a substrate of a document to be secured, as described in one of claims 1 or 5.

Un tel film de sécurité permet, après transfert du film de sécurité sur le substrat du document et lors d'une tentative d'arrachement ultérieure et mal intentionnée de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité, une destruction sélective et contrôlée dudit ensemble de couches selon le motif de destruction qui reproduit le motif discontinu de la couche de destruction contrôlée. Il n'est donc plus possible pour un contrefacteur d'extraire l'intégralité ou une partie substantielle d'un composant optique de sécurité formé par ledit ensemble de couches de sécurité.Such a security film allows, after transfer of the security film to the substrate of the document and during a subsequent and ill-intentioned tearing attempt of the set of security layers, a selective and controlled destruction of said set of layers according to the destruction pattern which reproduces the discontinuous pattern of the controlled destruction layer. It is therefore no longer possible for a counterfeiter to extract all or a substantial part of an optical security component formed by said set of security layers.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, le film de sécurité comprend en outre une couche adhésive pour la fixation du film de sécurité sur le substrat. La couche adhésive est en contact avec une deuxième face de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité, opposée à ladite première face. Par exemple, la couche adhésive comprend un matériau sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant : une résine à base de copolymère acrylique, et/ou d'un copolymère styrène-acrylate et/ou d'un copolymère éthylène acétate de vinyle (EVA), pouvant contenir de la silice.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the security film further comprises an adhesive layer for fixing the security film to the substrate. The adhesive layer is in contact with a second face of the set of security layers, opposite said first face. For example, the adhesive layer comprises a material selected from the group comprising: a resin based on an acrylic copolymer, and/or a styrene-acrylate copolymer and/or an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, which may contain silica.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, l'épaisseur de la couche adhésive est comprise entre 1,0 µm et 6,0 µm.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the thickness of the adhesive layer is between 1.0 μm and 6.0 μm.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, la couche adhésive est continue, afin d'assurer une accroche homogène du film de sécurité sur le substrat.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the adhesive layer is continuous, in order to ensure uniform adhesion of the security film to the substrate.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, le film de sécurité comprend en outre une couche de détachement, uniforme, en contact avec le film support, de nature différente de celle de la couche de destruction contrôlée. La couche de détachement permet de faciliter le détachement du film support lors du transfert sur le substrat. Par exemple, la couche de détachement comprend un matériau sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant : une cire naturelle (e.g. candelilla, montan, carnauba ou équivalente), une cire synthétique, une résine polyuréthane, une résine acrylique, une résine cellulosique, ou une combinaison de ces matériaux. Lors d'un transfert à chaud par exemple, ces matériaux peuvent entrer en fusion et permettre un détachement total par fluage.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the security film further comprises a detachment layer, uniform, in contact with the support film, of a different nature from that of the controlled destruction layer. The detachment layer makes it possible to facilitate the detachment of the support film during the transfer to the substrate. For example, the release layer comprises a material selected from the group comprising: a natural wax (e.g. candelilla, montan, carnauba or equivalent), a synthetic wax, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic resin, a cellulosic resin, or a combination of these materials. During a hot transfer, for example, these materials can melt and allow total detachment by creep.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, l'épaisseur de la couche de détachement est inférieure à 0,5 µm.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the thickness of the detachment layer is less than 0.5 μm.

Dans d'autres exemples de réalisation de la présente description, un détachement du film support lors du transfert du substrat peut être facilité au moyen, par exemple, d'un prétraitement de la surface du film support.In other exemplary embodiments of the present description, a detachment of the support film during transfer from the substrate can be facilitated by means, for example, of a pretreatment of the surface of the support film.

La couche de détachement et/ou le prétraitement du film support permettent une élimination totale du film support après transfert du film de sécurité sur le substrat, sans que cette élimination totale ne provoque de dégradation de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité.The detachment layer and/or the pretreatment of the support film allow total elimination of the support film after transfer of the security film to the substrate, without this total elimination causing degradation of the set of security layers.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, le film support comprend un matériau sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant : un polytéréphtalate d'éthylène (PET), un polypropylène (PP), un polystyrène (PS).According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the support film comprises a material selected from the group comprising: a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polypropylene (PP), a polystyrene (PS).

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, la couche de destruction contrôlée comprend un matériau sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant : un polyacrylate, un polychlorure de vinyle, un polyacétate de vinyle, un polyuréthane, un polycarbonate, un polyester, un copolymère éthylène acétate de vinyle, une résine hydrocarbonée, une polyoléfine chlorée, un alcool polyvinylique, un fluoropolymère, une résine mélamine, une résine cétone/formaldéhyde, une résine époxy, une résine phénolique, une résine urée, une résine synthétique, un polystyrène, un composé cellulose polymérique, un polyamide, un polymère à cristaux liquides (LCPs), ou une combinaison des matériaux précités.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the controlled destruction layer comprises a material selected from the group comprising: a polyacrylate, a polyvinyl chloride, a polyvinyl acetate, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate, a polyester, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, hydrocarbon resin, chlorinated polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, fluoropolymer, melamine resin, ketone/formaldehyde resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, urea resin, synthetic resin, a polystyrene, a polymeric cellulose compound, a polyamide, a liquid crystal polymer (LCPs), or a combination of the aforementioned materials.

Notamment, des films de sécurité selon la présente description comprenant des couches de destruction contrôlée comprenant un fluoropolymère, par exemple un polyfluorure de vinylidène (PVDF), par exemple un PVDF cristallisant en forme alpha, ont montré une destruction sélective satisfaisante d'un composant optique de sécurité résultant du transfert du film de sécurité sur un document à sécuriser. Notamment, des tests de mesure de la force de pelage nécessaire pour l'arrachement du composant optique de sécurité ont montré un profil de la force de pelage caractéristique d'un motif de destruction contrôlée.In particular, security films according to the present description comprising layers of controlled destruction comprising a fluoropolymer, for example a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), for example a crystallizing PVDF in the alpha form, have shown satisfactory selective destruction of an optical component security resulting from the transfer of the security film onto a document to be secured. In particular, tests for measuring the peeling force necessary for tearing off the optical security component have shown a profile of the peeling force characteristic of a pattern of controlled destruction.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, la couche de destruction contrôlée comprend au moins un agent de réticulation afin d'induire une réaction de pontage avec une couche en contact avec ladite couche de destruction contrôlée, et présentant initialement peu d'affinité avec elle. Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, la couche de destruction contrôlée comprend entre 0,5 % et 2 % poids dudit agent de réticulation. Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, ledit agent de réticulation est sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant : un carbodiimide, une résine mélamine, un aziridine, un isocyanate ou une combinaison des matériaux précités. Une réaction de pontage peut par exemple être déclenchée par un processus de lamination à chaud.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the controlled destruction layer comprises at least one crosslinking agent in order to induce a bridging reaction with a layer in contact with said controlled destruction layer, and initially exhibiting little affinity with it. According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the controlled destruction layer comprises between 0.5% and 2% by weight of said crosslinking agent. According to one or more exemplary embodiments, said crosslinking agent is selected from the group comprising: a carbodiimide, a melamine resin, an aziridine, an isocyanate or a combination of the aforementioned materials. A bridging reaction can for example be triggered by a hot lamination process.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, l'épaisseur de la couche de destruction contrôlée est comprise entre 100 nm et 2 µm, par exemple entre 200 nm et 1 µm. La couche de destruction contrôlée étant discontinue, l'épaisseur en question correspond à une épaisseur locale, c'est-à-dire à une épaisseur de la couche de destruction contrôlée correspondante au cas où la couche serait continue, c'est-à-dire sans parties vides. En d'autres termes, l'épaisseur en question ne correspond pas à une épaisseur moyenne prenant en compte les parties vides et les parties pleines de la couche de destruction contrôlée. Ainsi, la couche de destruction contrôlée est suffisamment fine pour ne pas être détectée à l'inspection visuelle.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the thickness of the controlled destruction layer is between 100 nm and 2 μm, for example between 200 nm and 1 μm. The controlled destruction layer being discontinuous, the thickness in question corresponds to a local thickness, i.e. to a thickness of the controlled destruction layer corresponding to the case where the layer is continuous, i.e. say without empty parts. In other words, the thickness in question does not correspond to an average thickness taking into account the empty parts and the solid parts of the controlled destruction layer. Thus, the controlled destruction layer is thin enough not to be detected on visual inspection.

Selon l'invention, la couche de destruction contrôlée est transparente dans la bande spectrale de la lumière visible. Par « couche transparente », on entend dans la présente description une couche présentant une transmission au moins supérieure ou égale à 80%, par exemple supérieure ou égale à 90% dans la bande spectrale d'observation. Lorsque la couche de destruction contrôlée est transparente dans la bande spectrale de la lumière visible (400 nm à 800 nm), elle est donc invisible à l'oeil nu et peut ainsi échapper à l'attention d'un contrefacteur potentiel.According to the invention, the controlled destruction layer is transparent in the spectral band of visible light. By "transparent layer" is meant in the present description a layer having a transmission at least greater than or equal to 80%, for example greater than or equal to 90% in the observation spectral band. When the controlled destruction layer is transparent in the spectral band of light visible (400 nm to 800 nm), it is therefore invisible to the naked eye and can thus escape the attention of a potential counterfeiter.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation selon la présente description, la couche de destruction contrôlée comporte des marqueurs détectables uniquement dans une bande spectrale donnée. Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, ladite bande spectrale est comprise dans les UVA, les UVB, les UVC, l'infrarouge, ou une combinaison de ces bandes spectrales. Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, les marqueurs sont détectables sous l'action d'une stimulation lumineuse, thermique (e.g pigments thermochromiques), électromagnétique ou piézo-électrique. De tels marqueurs permettent un premier contrôle non-destructif de l'authenticité du document sécurisé. Par exemple, les marqueurs peuvent comprendre une encre de type IRB900, définie dans l'ISO1831 et détectable seulement dans le proche infrarouge (850 nm à 950 nm).According to one or more exemplary embodiments according to the present description, the controlled destruction layer comprises markers detectable only in a given spectral band. According to one or more exemplary embodiments, said spectral band is included in UVA, UVB, UVC, infrared, or a combination of these spectral bands. According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the markers are detectable under the action of light, thermal (e.g. thermochromic pigments), electromagnetic or piezoelectric stimulation. Such markers allow a first non-destructive check of the authenticity of the secure document. For example, the markers can comprise an ink of the IRB900 type, defined in ISO1831 and detectable only in the near infrared (850 nm to 950 nm).

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, l'ensemble des couches de sécurité comprend une couche structurée. Ladite couche structurée peut être réalisée par exemple par estampage à chaud d'une couche thermo-formable ou par moulage à froid dans une couche de moulage, suivi d'une opération de réticulation, selon une technologie connue sous son nom anglais de "casting".According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the set of security layers comprises a structured layer. Said structured layer can be produced, for example, by hot stamping a thermoformable layer or by cold molding in a molding layer, followed by a crosslinking operation, according to a technology known by its English name of "casting". .

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, l'ensemble des couches de sécurité comprend une couche réflective, continue ou discontinue. Par exemple, la couche réflective est formée d'un revêtement métallique, par exemple réalisé par dépôt sous vide d'un ou plusieurs films métalliques, comprenant par exemple l'aluminium, le chrome, le cuivre ou un alliage de ces métaux. La couche réflective peut également être formée d'une couche en matériau diélectrique transparent dans le visible et d'un indice de réfraction optique distinct de celui des couches environnantes, c'est-à-dire présentant un différentiel d'indice de réfraction supérieur à 0,2, avantageusement supérieur à 0,5. Le matériau diélectrique transparent peut par exemple comprendre du sulfure de zinc (ZnS) ou du dioxyde de titane (TiO2) ou un autre matériau. La couche réflective peut comprendre une alternance de couches en matériau métallique et de couches en matériau diélectrique, tels que ceux précités. Elle peut également être réalisée par application d'un vernis contenant des éléments métalliques. Des matériaux adaptés pour former une couche ou multicouche réflective dans un ensemble de couches de sécurité du film de sécurité selon la présente description sont décrits par exemple dans les tables 1 à 6 du brevet publié US4856857 , un filtre interférentiel comme décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet publiée CA2543790C .According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the set of security layers comprises a reflective, continuous or discontinuous layer. For example, the reflective layer is formed of a metallic coating, for example produced by vacuum deposition of one or more metallic films, comprising for example aluminium, chromium, copper or an alloy of these metals. The reflective layer can also be formed of a layer of transparent dielectric material in the visible and of an optical refractive index distinct from that of the surrounding layers, that is to say having a refractive index differential greater than 0.2, advantageously greater than 0.5. The transparent dielectric material may for example comprise zinc sulphide (ZnS) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) or another material. The reflective layer may comprise alternating layers of metallic material and layers of dielectric material, such as those mentioned above. It can also be produced by applying a varnish containing metallic elements. Materials suitable for forming a reflective layer or multilayer in a set of security layers of the security film according to the present description are described for example in tables 1 to 6 of the published patent US4856857 , an interference filter as described for example in the published patent application CA2543790C .

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, la couche réflective est continue. Dans d'autres exemples, elle est discontinue. Le caractère continu ou discontinu de la couche réflective se prévoit selon les besoins de contraste ou de transparence de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the reflective layer is continuous. In other examples, it is discontinuous. The continuous or discontinuous character of the reflective layer is provided according to the needs of contrast or transparency of the set of security layers.

L'ensemble des couches de sécurité peut en outre comprendre une couche d'encapsulation optionnelle.The set of security layers may further comprise an optional encapsulation layer.

Un ensemble de couches de sécurité dans un film de sécurité selon la présente description peut être destinée à former, de façon non limitative, une composant optique de sécurité de type DOVID, un composant réflectif à l'ordre zéro tel que décrit par exemple dans les demandes de brevet publiées EP2567270 , EP3129238 , ou EP2264491 , un composant à effet plasmonique tel que décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet publiée WO2013060817 .A set of security layers in a security film according to the present description can be intended to form, in a non-limiting manner, a DOVID-type security optical component, a zero-order reflective component as described for example in the published patent applications EP2567270 , EP3129238 , Or EP2264491 , a component with a plasmonic effect as described for example in the published patent application WO2013060817 .

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation selon la présente description, l'épaisseur de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité est comprise entre 0,5 µm et 1,5 µm.According to one or more exemplary embodiments according to the present description, the thickness of the set of security layers is between 0.5 μm and 1.5 μm.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation selon la présente description, l'épaisseur du film de sécurité une fois le film support éliminé est inférieure à 10 µm.According to one or more exemplary embodiments according to the present description, the thickness of the security film once the support film has been removed is less than 10 μm.

Selon un deuxième aspect, la présente description concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un film de sécurité selon le premier aspect.According to a second aspect, the present description relates to a method of manufacturing a security film according to the first aspect.

Plus précisément, la présente description concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un film de sécurité, tel que décrit dans la revendication 6.More specifically, the present description relates to a method of manufacturing a security film, as described in claim 6.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, préalablement ou postérieurement aux dépôts desdites couches, un traitement de surface d'une ou plusieurs couches est effectué. Ledit traitement de surface peut par exemple inclure un traitement corona ou bien un traitement plasma. Le traitement plasma peut être réalisé à pression ambiante (« plasma atmosphérique »), ou bien sous vide poussé, à une pression de l'ordre du Pascal. Le traitement de surface des couches peut permettre une meilleure adhésion entre couches selon la nature des matériaux mis en jeux. Ainsi, dans certains cas, un traitement de surface peut permettre de modérer des incompatibilités apparentes reliées à la nature des matériaux.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, before or after the deposition of said layers, a surface treatment of one or more layers is carried out. Said surface treatment can for example include a corona treatment or else a plasma treatment. Plasma treatment can be carried out at ambient pressure (“atmospheric plasma”), or under high vacuum, at a pressure of the order of Pascal. The surface treatment of the layers can allow better adhesion between layers depending on the nature of the materials involved. Thus, in certain cases, a surface treatment can make it possible to moderate apparent incompatibilities related to the nature of the materials.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, la couche de destruction contrôlée est imprimée sur la couche de détachement ou sur le film support, sur une surface limitée, comprise entre 30 % et 70 %, par exemple entre 40 % et 60 %, de la surface totale de la couche de détachement ou du film support. En effet, une surface d'impression trop petite de la couche de destruction contrôlée aura pour conséquence de défavoriser la destruction contrôlée par arrachement du film de protection, car la couche de destruction contrôlée sera entraînée de façon exacerbée par le film de protection. De même, une surface d'impression trop grande de la couche de destruction pourra également défavoriser la destruction contrôlée, car la couche de destruction contrôlée sera retenue de façon exacerbée sur le substrat.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the controlled destruction layer is printed on the detachment layer or on the support film, on a limited surface, between 30% and 70%, for example between 40% and 60%, of the total area of the release layer or carrier film. Indeed, too small a printing surface of the controlled destruction layer will have the effect of disfavoring controlled destruction by tearing off the protective film, because the controlled destruction layer will be entrained in an exacerbated manner by the protective film. Similarly, an excessively large printing surface of the destruction layer could also disadvantage controlled destruction, because the controlled destruction layer will be retained in an exacerbated manner on the substrate.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation selon la présente description, l'impression de la couche de destruction contrôlée discontinue comprend l'impression de motifs réguliers ou irréguliers. Les motifs peuvent comprendre des alvéoles ou autres surfaces finies et/ou des lignes droites et/ou des lignes courbes et/ou des lignes brisées et/ou des caractères alphanumériques. Les méthodes d'impression peuvent inclure l'offset (impression indirecte), l'héliogravure, la sérigraphie, ou encore la flexographie, pour une impression rapide, par exemple une impression industrielle en séries. L'impression de type jet d'encre peut également être utilisée pour permettre une impression variable, « à la carte », des motifs de la couche de destruction contrôlée.According to one or more exemplary embodiments according to the present description, the printing of the discontinuous controlled destruction layer comprises the printing of regular or irregular patterns. The patterns may include dimples or other finished surfaces and/or straight lines and/or curved lines and/or jagged lines and/or alphanumeric characters. Printing methods can include offset (indirect printing), rotogravure, screen printing, or even flexography, for rapid printing, for example industrial printing in series. Ink-jet type printing can also be used to allow variable, "à la carte" printing of the patterns of the controlled destruction layer.

Selon un troisième aspect, la présente description concerne un procédé de protection d'un document sécurisé comprenant :

  • la fabrication d'un film de sécurité selon un procédé tel que décrit dans le deuxième aspect de la présente description ;
  • le transfert dudit film de sécurité sur au moins une partie d'une première face d'un substrat dudit document sécurisé ;
  • l'élimination du film support.
According to a third aspect, the present description relates to a method for protecting a secure document comprising:
  • the manufacture of a security film according to a method as described in the second aspect of the present description;
  • the transfer of said security film onto at least part of a first face of a substrate of said secure document;
  • removal of the support film.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, le transfert dudit film de sécurité sur le ledit substrat est obtenu par pressage à chaud.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the transfer of said security film onto said substrate is obtained by hot pressing.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, le procédé de protection d'un document sécurisé selon le troisième aspect comprend en outre le dépôt d'un film de protection sur ladite au moins une partie d'une première face dudit substrat.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the method for protecting a secure document according to the third aspect further comprises depositing a protective film on said at least part of a first face of said substrate.

Ainsi sécurisé, le document est non seulement à l'abri des agressions naturelles telles que les attaques mécaniques (abrasion, friction) et physicochimiques (humidité, contact avec un liquide) mais également sécurisé en cas d'arrachement malintentionné. En effet, dans un document ainsi sécurisé, la déposante a montré qu'une tentative d'arrachement résulterait en un arrachement partiel, prévisible et contrôlé de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité, résultant de la présence de la couche de destruction contrôlée discontinue.Thus secured, the document is not only protected from natural attacks such as mechanical attacks (abrasion, friction) and physicochemical attacks (humidity, contact with a liquid) but also secured in the event of malicious tearing. Indeed, in a document thus secured, the applicant has shown that a tearing attempt would result in a partial, predictable and controlled tearing of the set of security layers, resulting from the presence of the discontinuous controlled destruction layer.

Un composant optique de sécurité ainsi transféré peut couvrir une surface limitée du substrat. En outre, il peut être monobloc ou être constitué de plusieurs fragments, contigus ou disjoints. Ainsi, selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation selon la présente description, le film de protection est non seulement en contact avec au moins un composant optique de sécurité mais est également en contact avec le substrat, et vient ainsi circonscrire un ou plusieurs blocs de composant optique de sécurité.An optical security component thus transferred can cover a limited surface of the substrate. In addition, it can be monobloc or consist of several fragments, contiguous or disjoint. Thus, according to one or more embodiments according to the present description, the protective film is not only in contact with at least one optical security component but is also in contact with the substrate, and thus circumscribes one or more component blocks security optics.

Le film de protection doit pouvoir adhérer au substrat pour circonscrire la ou les parties de l'au moins une face du substrat revêtues de l'au moins un premier composant optique de sécurité, tout en permettant une destruction contrôlée de l'au moins un composant optique de sécurité lors d'une tentative d'arrachement malintentionnée.The protective film must be able to adhere to the substrate to circumscribe the part or parts of the at least one face of the substrate coated with the at least one first optical security component, while allowing controlled destruction of the at least one component safety optics during a malicious pull-out attempt.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, le film de protection comprend un matériau polymère. Dans certains exemples de réalisation de la présente description, le film de protection peut comprendre une couche de polyéthylène PE et une couche de polyester PET, dans lequel ladite couche de PE est la couche du film de protection en contact, notamment, avec la couche de destruction contrôlée. Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation selon la présente description, la couche de polyéthylène PE peut être coextrudée sur la couche de polyester PET.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the protective film comprises a polymer material. In certain exemplary embodiments of the present description, the protective film may comprise a layer of polyethylene PE and a layer of polyester PET, in which said layer of PE is the layer of the protective film in contact, in particular, with the layer of controlled destruction. According to one or more exemplary embodiments according to the present description, the layer of polyethylene PE can be coextruded on the layer of polyester PET.

Dans des exemples de réalisation de la présente description où le film de protection est composé d'une couche de PE coextrudée sur une couche de PET, lors du dépôt du film de protection, c'est la couche de PE qui assure le thermocollage sur le substrat grâce à la nature thermofusible du PE liée à sa température de ramollissement plus faible que le PET.In exemplary embodiments of the present description where the protective film is composed of a layer of PE coextruded on a layer of PET, during the deposition of the protective film, it is the layer of PE which ensures the thermal bonding on the substrate thanks to the thermofusible nature of PE linked to its lower softening temperature than PET.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, l'épaisseur du film de protection est comprise entre 75 µm et 300 µm, par exemple comprise entre 100 µm et 300 µm. Par exemple, l'épaisseur du film de protection est comprise entre 150 µm et 250 µm.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the thickness of the protective film is between 75 μm and 300 μm, for example between 100 μm and 300 μm. For example, the thickness of the protective film is between 150 μm and 250 μm.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, la couche de destruction contrôlée comprend un fluoropolymère, par exemple un polyfluorure de vinylidène (PVDF), par exemple un PVDF cristallisant en forme alpha ; de telles couches de destruction contrôlée ont montré une destruction sélective satisfaisante d'un composant optique de sécurité résultant du transfert du film de sécurité sur un document à sécuriser, en particulier après dépôt d'un film de protection, et notamment un film de protection comprenant une couche de polyéthylène PE et une couche de polyester PET dans lequel ladite couche de PE est la couche du film de protection en contact, notamment, avec la couche de destruction contrôlée.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the controlled destruction layer comprises a fluoropolymer, for example a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), for example a crystallizing PVDF in the alpha form; such controlled destruction layers have shown satisfactory selective destruction of an optical security component resulting from the transfer of the security film onto a document to be secured, in particular after depositing a film of protection, and in particular a protective film comprising a layer of polyethylene PE and a layer of polyester PET in which said layer of PE is the layer of the protective film in contact, in particular, with the controlled destruction layer.

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, le substrat est un support physique comprenant un matériau pouvant être sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant : un papier, un plastique, un papier synthétique tel que du TESLIN® ou encore du TYVEK®.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the substrate is a physical support comprising a material which can be selected from the group comprising: a paper, a plastic, a synthetic paper such as TESLIN ® or else TYVEK ® .

Selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation, le substrat est opaque, i.e. de transmittance inférieure ou égale à 20%, par exemple inférieure ou égale à 10%. Dans certains exemples de réalisation, le substrat peut comprendre un matériau opaque présent en quantité suffisante dans le substrat pour rendre ledit substrat opaque.According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the substrate is opaque, i.e. with a transmittance of less than or equal to 20%, for example less than or equal to 10%. In certain exemplary embodiments, the substrate may comprise an opaque material present in a sufficient quantity in the substrate to make said substrate opaque.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui suit, illustrée par les figures suivantes :

  • FIG. 1, déjà décrite, un exemple de film transfert selon l'art antérieur ;
  • FIG. 2, un exemple de film de sécurité selon la présente description ;
  • FIG. 3, un document sécurisé au moyen d'un exemple de procédé selon la présente description ;
  • FIG. 4, un schéma illustrant un exemple d'effet recherché par un arrachement malintentionné du document de sécurité selon la présente description ;
  • FIG. 5A et SB, des motifs d'impression régulier et irrégulier, alvéolaires hexagonaux de la couche de destruction contrôlée sur le film support, selon un exemple de réalisation de la présente description ;
  • FIG. 6A et 6B, deux graphes représentant des mesures de force de pelage effectuées conformément à la norme ISO/IEC 10373-1 :1998(E), et illustrant l'effet de destruction contrôlée d'un composant optique sécurité dans un document sécurisé selon un exemple de réalisation de la présente description.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description, illustrated by the following figures:
  • FIG. 1 , already described, an example of transfer film according to the prior art;
  • FIG. 2 , an example of a security film according to the present description;
  • FIG. 3 , a document secured by means of an exemplary method according to the present description;
  • FIG. 4 , a diagram illustrating an example of the desired effect of malicious tearing of the security document according to the present description;
  • FIG. 5A and SB, regular and irregular, hexagonal honeycomb printing patterns of the controlled destruction layer on the support film, according to an embodiment of the present description;
  • FIG. 6A and 6B , two graphs representing peel force measurements carried out in accordance with the ISO/IEC 10373-1:1998(E) standard, and illustrating the effect of controlled destruction of an optical security component in a secure document according to an example embodiment of this description.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEEDETAILED DESCRIPTION

Un premier exemple d'un film de sécurité 20 selon la présente description est représenté sur la FIG. 2. Le film de sécurité 20 tel qu'illustré sur la FIG. 2 comprend un film support 21 destiné à être éliminé après transfert, et un ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 conférant un effet optique reconnaissable au film de sécurité 20. Le film de sécurité 20 de la FIG.2 comprend dans cet exemple une couche adhésive 24 (optionnelle) pour la fixation du film de sécurité 20 sur un substrat 100 d'un document sécurisé. La couche adhésive 24 est en contact avec une face de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité.A first example of a security film 20 according to the present description is represented on the FIG. 2 . The safety film 20 as illustrated on the FIG. 2 comprises a support film 21 intended to be removed after transfer, and a set of security layers 23 conferring a recognizable optical effect on the security film 20. The security film 20 of the FIG.2 includes in this example an adhesive layer 24 (optional) for fixing the security film 20 on a substrate 100 of a secure document. The adhesive layer 24 is in contact with one side of the set of security layers.

Le film de sécurité 20 comprend en outre une couche de destruction contrôlée 26, discontinue, agencée entre le film support 21 et une face de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 opposée à la face en contact avec la couche adhésive 24. La couche de destruction contrôlée 26 est destinée à rester fixée à l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 lors du transfert du film de sécurité sur le substrat 100.The security film 20 further comprises a controlled destruction layer 26, discontinuous, arranged between the support film 21 and one face of the assembly of security layers 23 opposite the face in contact with the adhesive layer 24. The controlled destruction 26 is intended to remain fixed to the set of security layers 23 during the transfer of the security film to the substrate 100.

Dans l'exemple de la FIG. 2, l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 comprend une couche 232 au moins partiellement structurée, une couche réflective 231 et une couche d'encapsulation optionnelle 233. La couche 232 comprend par exemple du polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA). La couche 231 peut être discontinue. La structuration de la couche 232 permet de former selon des moyens connus de l'état de l'art, un effet optique reconnaissable par un observateur, en réflexion ou en transmission. L'ensemble de couches de sécurité forme par exemple et de façon non limitative, un composant optique de type DOVID, un composant réflectif à l'ordre zéro utilisant des résonances de modes guidés de type DID®, un composant à effet plasmonique.In the example of the FIG. 2 , the set of security layers 23 comprises an at least partially structured layer 232, a reflective layer 231 and an optional encapsulation layer 233. The layer 232 comprises for example polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Layer 231 may be discontinuous. The structuring of the layer 232 makes it possible to form, according to known means of the state of the art, an optical effect recognizable by an observer, in reflection or in transmission. The set of security layers forms, for example and in a non-limiting way, an optical component of the DOVID type, a reflective component at zero order using resonances of guided modes of the DID ® type, a component with a plasmonic effect.

L'ensemble de couches de sécurité peut également être apte à générer un filtre interférentiel, auquel cas une structuration de la couche 232 n'est pas toujours nécessaire. L'ensemble de couches de sécurité peut ainsi comprendre un empilement de couches diélectriques transparentes et/ou de couches semi-conductrices transparentes et/ou de couches métalliques semi-transparentes.The set of security layers can also be able to generate an interference filter, in which case a structuring of the layer 232 is not always necessary. The set of security layers can thus comprise a stack of transparent dielectric layers and/or transparent semi-conducting layers and/or semi-transparent metallic layers.

Plus généralement, l'ensemble de couches de sécurité peut comprendre tout agencement multicouches adaptée pour former de façon connue un effet otique reconnaissable, par exemple un effet coloré statique et/ou dynamique, variable selon les conditions d'observation.More generally, the set of security layers can comprise any multilayer arrangement suitable for forming, in known manner, a recognizable optical effect, for example a static and/or dynamic colored effect, which varies according to the viewing conditions.

Dans l'exemple de la FIG. 2, le film de sécurité comprend en outre une couche de détachement 22. Cette couche 22 est optionnelle. La couche de détachement 22 est uniforme, en contact avec le film support 21, de nature différente de celle de la couche de destruction contrôlée 26, et configurée pour permettre le détachement du film support 21 lors du transfert sur le substrat 100 pour la protection d'un document sécurisé.In the example of the FIG. 2 , the security film further comprises a release layer 22. This layer 22 is optional. The detachment layer 22 is uniform, in contact with the support film 21, of a different nature from that of the controlled destruction layer 26, and configured to allow the detachment of the support film 21 during transfer to the substrate 100 for the protection of a secure document.

Le film support 21 peut également présenter un revêtement de nature à faciliter son détachement, notamment dans le cas où la couche de détachement 22 est absente.The support film 21 may also have a coating such as to facilitate its detachment, in particular in the case where the detachment layer 22 is absent.

Le transfert du film de sécurité selon la présente description, tel que celui représenté par exemple sur la FIG. 2, peut s'effectuer à chaud où à froid. Le transfert à chaud peut être effectué par pressage du film de sécurité sur le substrat 100 du document à sécuriser. Le transfert à froid, par exemple dans le cas d'un transfert de type « cold stamping », peut s'effectuer par réticulation UV de la couche adhésive 24 du film de sécurité sur le substrat 100. Dans certains exemples de réalisation selon la présente description, la couche adhésive n'est pas contenue dans le film de sécurité. Dans ce cas, une couche adhésive peut être apposée sur le substrat 100 préalablement au transfert du film de sécurité.The transfer of the security film according to the present description, such as that represented for example on the FIG. 2 , can be done hot or cold. The hot transfer can be carried out by pressing the security film on the substrate 100 of the document to be secured. cold transfer, for example in the case of a transfer of the " cold stamping " type, can be carried out by UV crosslinking of the adhesive layer 24 of the security film on the substrate 100. In certain embodiments according to the present description, the adhesive layer is not contained in the safety film. In this case, an adhesive layer can be affixed to the substrate 100 prior to the transfer of the security film.

Le substrat 100 est par exemple un support physique comprenant un matériau pouvant être sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant : un papier, un plastique, un papier synthétique tel que du TESLIN®, ou encore du TYVEK®.The substrate 100 is for example a physical support comprising a material which can be selected from the group comprising: a paper, a plastic, a synthetic paper such as TESLIN ® , or else TYVEK ® .

Après transfert du film de sécurité 20 sur le substrat 100, le film support 21 peut être retiré.After transfer of the security film 20 onto the substrate 100, the support film 21 can be removed.

La FIG. 3 illustre un exemple de document sécurisé au moyen d'un procédé selon la présente description, résultant par exemple du transfert d'un film de sécurité selon l'exemple de la FIG. 2, sur un substrat 100 d'un document.There FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a document secured by means of a method according to the present description, resulting for example from the transfer of a security film according to the example of the FIG. 2 , on a substrate 100 of a document.

Le document sécurisé 30 tel que représenté sur la FIG. 3 comprend le substrat 100 et au moins un premier composant optique de sécurité résultant du transfert d'un film de sécurité selon la présente description, sur au moins une partie d'une première face du substrat 100. Le composant optique de sécurité comprend ainsi l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 et la couche de destruction contrôlée 26, le film support ayant été détaché avec la couche de détachement, le cas échéant.The secure document 30 as shown in the FIG. 3 comprises the substrate 100 and at least one first optical security component resulting from the transfer of a security film according to the present description, onto at least part of a first face of the substrate 100. The optical security component thus comprises the set of security layers 23 and the controlled destruction layer 26, the support film having been detached with the release layer, if applicable.

Le document sécurisé 30 comprend en outre un film de protection 31 déposé sur l'ensemble de la dite au moins une première face dudit substrat 100 revêtu dudit au moins un premier composant optique de sécurité.The secure document 30 further comprises a protective film 31 deposited on the whole of said at least one first face of said substrate 100 coated with said at least one first optical security component.

En pratique, il est possible de transférer au moins un premier composant optique de sécurité sur au moins une zone d'une première face du substrat 100. Le composant ainsi transféré peut couvrir une partie limitée de la surface à protéger, typiquement quelques cm2, et il peut être monobloc ou être constitué de plusieurs fragments, la surface de chaque fragment étant par exemple supérieure à 5 mm2, par exemple supérieure à 2 mm2, lesdits fragments étant contigus ou disjoints. Le film de protection 31 se trouve alors non seulement en contact avec au moins un composant optique de sécurité mais peut également être en contact avec au moins une partie du substrat 100 et venir ainsi circonscrire un ou plusieurs composants optiques de sécurité.In practice, it is possible to transfer at least one first optical security component onto at least one zone of a first face of the substrate 100. The component thus transferred can cover a limited part of the surface to be protected, typically a few cm 2 , and it can be in one piece or consist of several fragments, the surface of each fragment being for example greater than 5 mm 2 , for example greater than 2 mm 2 , said fragments being contiguous or disjoint. The protective film 31 is then not only in contact with at least one optical security component but can also be in contact with at least a part of the substrate 100 and thus circumscribe one or more optical security components.

Lorsque le film de protection 31 recouvre le composant optique de sécurité, il se trouve en contact avec la couche de destruction contrôlée 26, mais également avec une face de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23, du fait du caractère discontinu de la couche de destruction contrôlée 26.When the protective film 31 covers the optical security component, it is in contact with the controlled destruction layer 26, but also with one side of the set of security layers 23, due to the discontinuous nature of the controlled destruction 26.

Le film de protection 31 peut par exemple comprendre une couche de polyéthylène PE coextrudée sur une couche de polyester PET, la couche de PE étant destinée à être en contact avec la couche de destruction contrôlée 26 et l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23.The protective film 31 may for example comprise a layer of polyethylene PE coextruded on a layer of polyester PET, the PE layer being intended to be in contact with the controlled destruction layer 26 and the set of security layers 23.

L'épaisseur du film de protection 31 peut être comprise entre 75 µm et 300 µm.The thickness of the protective film 31 can be between 75 μm and 300 μm.

La FIG.4 illustre un effet possible d'un arrachement malintentionné du film de protection 31 du document sécurisé 30. La tentative d'arrachement du film de protection 31 du document sécurisé 30 provoque une destruction sélective, prévisible et contrôlée de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 dans le sens où le motif de destruction de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 reproduit le motif discontinu de la couche de destruction contrôlée sur toute la surface d'arrachement.There FIG.4 illustrates a possible effect of malicious tearing of the protective film 31 from the secure document 30. The attempt to tear off the protective film 31 from the secure document 30 causes a selective, predictable and controlled destruction of the set of security layers 23 in the sense that the destruction pattern of the set of security layers 23 reproduces the discontinuous pattern of the controlled destruction layer over the entire tear-off surface.

La destruction sélective et contrôlée de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 peut également être renforcée par un gradient vertical d'adhésion au sein du document sécurisé 30. Ce gradient vertical d'adhésion ou différentiel d'adhésion peut résulter directement de la nature des matériaux mis en jeu dans les couches. Sans vouloir être liés par une quelconque théorie, les inventeurs estiment que des affinités entre matériaux compris dans différentes couches, au niveau de la jonction entre couches, c'est-à-dire à la surface des couches, générèrent autant de faiblesses différenciées au sein du document sécurisé 30. Par exemple, la différence d'adhésion entre l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 et le film de protection 31 d'une part et entre la couche de destruction contrôlée 26 et l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 d'autre part peut être guidée par la nature des matériaux formant ces couches. L'introduction d'agents de réticulation au sein d'une ou plusieurs couches peut également influer sur ces faiblesses différenciées en induisant la formation de pontages entre couches. Le différentiel d'adhésion peut également résulter du choix des épaisseurs de chaque couche, générant des contraintes mécaniques lors de l'arrachement qui, en combinaison avec la nature des matériaux compris dans les couches, vont également influencer le motif de destruction de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23.The selective and controlled destruction of the set of security layers 23 can also be reinforced by a vertical adhesion gradient within the secure document 30. This vertical adhesion gradient or adhesion differential can result directly from the nature of the materials involved in the layers. Without wishing to be bound by any theory, the inventors believe that affinities between materials included in different layers, at the level of the junction between layers, that is to say at the surface of the layers, generate as many differentiated weaknesses within of the secure document 30. For example, the difference in adhesion between the set of security layers 23 and the protective film 31 on the one hand and between the controlled destruction layer 26 and the set of security layers 23 d on the other hand can be guided by the nature of the materials forming these layers. The introduction of crosslinking agents within one or more layers can also influence these differentiated weaknesses by inducing the formation of bridges between layers. The adhesion differential can also result from the choice of the thicknesses of each layer, generating mechanical stresses during tearing which, in combination with the nature of the materials included in the layers, will also influence the pattern of destruction of the assembly. layers of security 23.

A partir du moment où le motif d'arrachement sélectif de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 reproduit le motif discontinu de la couche de destruction contrôlée lors d'un arrachement, l'effet technique est obtenu. Cela n'exclut pas les cas, non représentés sur la FIG.4, où le motif de destruction de la couche adhésive 24 ne reproduit pas le motif discontinu de la couche adhésive. Dans l'exemple de la FIG.4, la couche adhésive 24 est détruite en reproduisant le même motif de destruction que celui de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 et du motif discontinu de la couche de destruction contrôlée. Cependant, on pourrait imaginer un cas différent de celui de la FIG.4 où après arrachement, la rupture présente au niveau de la couche adhésive 24 est située en son sein (cas d'une rupture cohésive). De même, une rupture à l'interface entre la couche adhésive 24 et l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23, ou une rupture entre deux couches de natures différentes comprises dans l'ensemble de couches de sécurité 23 (correspondant à une rupture cohésive au sein de l'ensemble de couches de sécurité), sont également envisageables selon un ou plusieurs exemples de réalisation selon la présente description.From the moment when the selective tearing pattern of the set of security layers 23 reproduces the discontinuous pattern of the controlled destruction layer during tearing, the technical effect is obtained. This does not exclude cases, not represented on the FIG.4 , where the destruction pattern of the adhesive layer 24 does not reproduce the discontinuous pattern of the adhesive layer. In the example of the FIG.4 , the adhesive layer 24 is destroyed by reproducing the same pattern of destruction as that of the set of security layers 23 and of the discontinuous pattern of the controlled destruction layer. However, one could imagine a different case from that of the FIG.4 where after tearing, the break present at the level of the adhesive layer 24 is located within it (case of a cohesive rupture). Similarly, a break at the interface between the adhesive layer 24 and the set of security layers 23, or a break between two layers of different natures included in the set of security layers 23 (corresponding to a cohesive break at the within the set of security layers), are also conceivable according to one or more exemplary embodiments according to the present description.

La FIG. 5A illustre un motif régulier d'impression d'une couche de destruction contrôlée 26 d'un exemple de film de sécurité selon la présente description.There FIG. 5A illustrates a regular printing pattern of a controlled destruction layer 26 of an example of security film according to the present description.

Dans cet exemple de motif d'impression, l'impression de la couche de destruction contrôlée 26 discontinue (voir les zones noires correspondant aux alvéoles) est réalisée directement sur le film support 21 (voir les zones blanches correspondant aux parois entre les alvéoles).In this example of printing pattern, the printing of the discontinuous controlled destruction layer 26 (see the black areas corresponding to the cells) is carried out directly on the support film 21 (see the white areas corresponding to the walls between the cells).

Cependant, le cas de figure inverse, à savoir le négatif de ce motif d'impression, où les zones blanches correspondraient aux zones où la couche 26 est imprimée, non représenté dans la FIG. 5A, est toutefois concerné par l'invention.However, the opposite case, namely the negative of this print pattern, where the white areas would correspond to the areas where the layer 26 is printed, not shown in the FIG. 5A , is however concerned by the invention.

La FIG. 5B montre un motif irrégulier d'impression d'une couche de destruction contrôlée 26 d'un autre exemple de film de sécurité selon la présente description. Dans cet exemple, le motif hexagonal illustré sur la FIG. 5A est rendu plus complexe au moyen d'une ligne courbe qui se superpose au motif régulier.There FIG. 5B shows an irregular print pattern of a controlled destruction layer 26 of another example of security film according to the present description. In this example, the hexagonal pattern shown on the FIG. 5A is made more complex by means of a curved line which is superimposed on the regular pattern.

Dans ces deux cas, les motifs peuvent être obtenus par exemple et selon certaines techniques d'impression par un cylindre d'impression comprenant un motif de gravure qui est le négatif du motif d'impression recherché pour la couche de destruction contrôlée.In these two cases, the patterns can be obtained for example and according to certain printing techniques by a printing cylinder comprising an engraving pattern which is the negative of the desired printing pattern for the controlled destruction layer.

Une démonstration de l'effet technique de destruction contrôlée d'un composant optique de sécurité selon la présente description est illustrée sur les FIG. 6A et 6B, représentant des mesures de force de pelage effectuées conformément à la technique décrite dans la norme ISO/IEC 10373-1 :1998(E). Selon cette technique normalisée, un pelage entre couches d'une carte s'effectue selon un déplacement dans une direction linéaire de pelage, la direction de la force de pelage appliquée étant maintenue à 90° du plan de la carte tout au long du déplacement.A demonstration of the technical effect of controlled destruction of an optical security component according to the present description is illustrated on the FIG. 6A and 6B , representing peel strength measurements made in accordance with the technique described in ISO/IEC 10373-1:1998(E). According to this standardized technique, a peeling between layers of a card takes place according to a displacement in a linear peeling direction, the direction of the applied peeling force being maintained at 90° to the plane of the card throughout the displacement.

La FIG. 6A illustre la mesure de la force de pelage appliquée, c'est-à-dire la force nécessaire à l'arrachement du film de protection d'un substrat revêtu par endroits d'un composant optique de sécurité. La force de pelage, exprimée en unités arbitraires et représentée en ordonnée sur la FIG. 6A, correspond à la force requise pour le pelage du film de protection, en fonction d'un déplacement selon une direction linéaire de pelage, exprimé en mm, représenté en abscisse sur le graphe.There FIG. 6A illustrates the measurement of the peel force applied, that is to say the force required to tear off the protective film from a substrate coated in places with an optical security component. The peel force, expressed in arbitrary units and represented as the ordinate on the FIG. 6A , corresponds to the force required for peeling off the protective film, as a function of a displacement along a linear peeling direction, expressed in mm, represented on the abscissa on the graph.

Dans le cas de la FIG. 6A, le composant optique de sécurité ne comprend pas de couche de destruction contrôlée selon la présente description. Le substrat de la FIG. 6A est en Teslin® et le film de protection en PET/PE coextrudés, la couche de PE du film de protection étant celle en contact avec le composant optique de sécurité et avec le Teslin® aux endroits où ce dernier n'est pas recouvert de composant optique de sécurité. La partie basse de la courbe de force de pelage obtenue, i.e. entre environ 40 mm et 60 mm, correspond aux efforts d'arrachement au niveau du composant de sécurité, et illustre le cas d'un arrachement sans effet de destruction contrôlée, la partie basse de la courbe étant lisse. Dans ce cas, le composant optique de sécurité est resté attaché au Teslin®. A noter que dans le cas d'une rupture à une interface entre deux couches du composant optique de sécurité, ou bien une rupture cohésive de la couche adhésive, on aurait obtenu une courbe similaire de la force de pelage, i.e. un plateau lisse avec une valeur de force de pelage différente.In the case of the FIG. 6A , the optical security component does not comprise a controlled destruction layer according to the present description. The substrate of the FIG. 6A is made of Teslin ® and the protective film of coextruded PET/PE, the PE layer of the protective film being the one in contact with the optical security component and with the Teslin ® in places where the latter is not covered with the component security optics. The lower part of the peel force curve obtained, ie between about 40 mm and 60 mm, corresponds to the tearing forces at the level of the safety component, and illustrates the case of a tearing without controlled destruction effect, the part bottom of the curve being smooth. In this case, the optical security component remained attached to the Teslin ® . It should be noted that in the case of a rupture at an interface between two layers of the optical security component, or else a cohesive rupture of the adhesive layer, a similar curve of the peel force would have been obtained, ie a smooth plateau with a different peel strength value.

La FIG. 6B illustre le cas où le même film de protection en PET/PE est arraché d'un substrat en Teslin® partiellement revêtu d'un composant optique de sécurité, dans lequel, cette fois-ci, une couche de destruction contrôlée est présente, selon la présente description. Dans ce cas, la partie basse de la courbe de force de pelage, i.e. entre environ 40 mm et 60 mm, et correspondant aux efforts d'arrachement au niveau du composant de sécurité ne se présente plus sous la forme d'un plateau lisse. L'effet de destruction contrôlée est reconnaissable sur la courbe sous forme de plusieurs ondulations résultant de la discontinuité de la couche de destruction contrôlée.There FIG. 6B illustrates the case where the same PET/PE protective film is torn from a Teslin ® substrate partially coated with an optical security component, in which, this time, a controlled destruction layer is present, according to the this description. In this case, the lower part of the peel force curve, ie between approximately 40 mm and 60 mm, and corresponding to the tearing forces at the level of the safety component no longer appears in the form of a smooth plateau. The controlled destruction effect is recognizable on the curve in the form of several undulations resulting from the discontinuity of the controlled destruction layer.

Bien que décrite à travers un certain nombre d'exemples de réalisation, le film de sécurité selon l'invention et le procédé de fabrication dudit film comprennent différentes variantes, modifications et perfectionnements qui apparaîtront de façon évidente à l'homme de l'art, étant entendu que ces différentes variantes, modifications et perfectionnements font partie de la portée de l'invention telle que définie par les revendications qui suivent.Although described through a certain number of exemplary embodiments, the security film according to the invention and the process for manufacturing said film comprise various variants, modifications and improvements which will appear obvious to those skilled in the art, it being understood that these various variants, modifications and improvements form part of the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.

Claims (15)

  1. A safety film (20) transferable to a substrate (100) of a document to be secured, wherein the safety film (20) comprises:
    - a carrier film (21) configured to be removed after transfer of said safety film to the substrate;
    - a release layer (22), uniform, in contact with the carrier film (21) and configured to allow the release of the carrier film (21) upon transfer of the safety film to the substrate (100);
    - a set of safety layers (23) giving a recognisable optical effect to the safety film (20); the safety film being characterised in that it comprises:
    - a controlled destruction layer (26), transparent in the spectral band of the visible light, discontinuous according to a given destruction pattern, arranged between the carrier film (21) and a first face of the set of safety layers (23), said controlled destruction layer being of a different nature from that of the release layer, and in contact with said release layer (22) and said first face of the set of safety layers (23), said controlled destruction layer being configured to remain attached to the set of safety layers (23) during the transfer of the safety film to the substrate (100) and being configured to cause, after transfer of the safety film to the substrate, a selective destruction of said set of safety layers according to said destruction pattern upon an attempt to tear off said set of safety layers.
  2. The safety film (20) according to claim 1, further comprising an adhesive layer (24) for securing the safety film (20) to said substrate (100), said adhesive layer (24) being in contact with a second face of the set of safety layers (23), opposite to said first face.
  3. The safety film (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the controlled destruction layer (26) is between 100 nm and 2 µm.
  4. The safety film (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the controlled destruction layer (26) comprises markers detectable only in a given spectral band.
  5. A safety film (20) transferable to a substrate (100) of a document to be secured, wherein the safety film (20) comprises:
    - a carrier film (21) configured to be removed after transfer of said safety film to the substrate;
    - a set of safety layers (23) giving a recognisable optical effect to the safety film (20);
    - a controlled destruction layer (26), transparent in the spectral band of visible light, discontinuous in a given destruction pattern, in contact with a face of the carrier film and a first face of the set of safety layers (23), said controlled destruction layer being configured to remain attached to the set of safety layers (23) upon transfer of the safety film to the substrate (100) and being configured to cause, after transfer of the safety film to the substrate, selective destruction of said set of safety layers according to said destruction pattern upon an attempt to tear off said set of safety layers.
  6. A method of manufacturing a safety film transferable to a substrate (100) of a document to be secured comprising:
    - the provision of a carrier film (21), said carrier film being configured to be removed after transfer of said safety film to said substrate;
    - optionally, depositing a release layer (22) on the carrier film (21);
    - printing a controlled destruction layer (26), transparent in the spectral band of the visible light, discontinuous according to a given destruction pattern, on the release layer (22) or directly on the carrier film if no release layer is present;
    - the deposition, after printing of said destruction layer on said release layer (22) or on said carrier film (21), of a set of safety layers (23) giving a recognisable optical effect to the safety film (20), said controlled destruction layer being configured to remain attached to the set of safety layers (23) upon transfer of the safety film to the substrate (100) and being configured to cause, after transfer of the safety film to the substrate, selective destruction of said set of safety layers in accordance with said destruction pattern upon an attempt to tear off said set of safety layers.
  7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the controlled destruction layer (26) is printed on the release layer (22) or the carrier film (21), over an area of between 30% and 70% of the total area of the release layer (22) or the carrier film (21).
  8. The method according to any one of claims 6 or 7, wherein printing the discontinuous controlled destruction layer (26) comprises printing patterns comprising cells or other finished surfaces and/or straight lines and/or curved lines and/or broken lines and/or alphanumeric characters.
  9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, furthermore comprising depositing an adhesive layer (24) on said set of safety layers.
  10. A method of protecting a document (30) comprising:
    - manufacturing a safety film (20) according to any one of claims 6 to 9;
    - transferring said safety film (20) to at least a portion of a first face of a substrate (100) of said document (30) with a view of securing it;
    - the removal of the carrier film.
  11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the transfer of the safety film is made by hot pressing.
  12. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 11, further comprising depositing a protective film (31) on said at least part of a first face of said substrate (100).
  13. The method according to claim 12, wherein:
    - the protective film (31) comprises a layer of polyethylene PE and a layer of polyester PET;
    - said PE layer is in contact with the controlled destruction layer (26).
  14. The method according to any one of claims 12 or 13, wherein the thickness of the protective film (31) is between 75 µm and 200 µm.
  15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the controlled destruction layer comprises a fluoropolymer, for example polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
EP19204424.6A 2018-10-19 2019-10-21 Safety film and method for manufacturing a safety film Active EP3640040B1 (en)

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SG11202100103YA (en) * 2019-07-01 2021-02-25 Arun Agarwal A smart and secure label stock
DE102021203749A1 (en) * 2021-04-15 2022-10-20 Scribos Gmbh Security label, series of security labels, authentication system with a series of security labels, and method of manufacturing a security label

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EP0201323B1 (en) 1985-05-07 1994-08-17 Dai Nippon Insatsu Kabushiki Kaisha Article incorporating a transparent hologramm
DK0401466T3 (en) * 1989-06-05 1995-10-30 Landis & Gyr Tech Innovat Laminate with diffraction structure
FR2891650B1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-12-07 Hologram Ind Sarl METHOD FOR THE HOLOGRAPHICAL SECURITY OF A DOCUMENT AND THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH A DOCUMENT FILM FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SAID METHOD AND DOCUMENT SO SECURE.
CA2543790C (en) 2006-04-24 2014-03-04 Corporation De L`Ecole Polytechnique De Montreal Interference security image structure
EP2264491B1 (en) 2009-06-15 2017-08-09 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Zero-order diffractive filter and method for manufacturing thereof
FR2959830B1 (en) 2010-05-07 2013-05-17 Hologram Ind OPTICAL AUTHENTICATION COMPONENT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
FR2968239B1 (en) 2010-12-07 2012-12-21 Hologram Ind SECURE PRODUCT AND METHOD OF MAKING SAID SECURE PRODUCT
FR2982038B1 (en) 2011-10-28 2013-11-15 Hologram Ind OPTICAL SECURITY COMPONENT WITH REFLECTIVE EFFECT, MANUFACTURE OF SUCH A COMPONENT AND SECURE DOCUMENT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A COMPONENT
ES2558461T3 (en) 2013-09-20 2016-02-04 Hueck Folien Ges.M.B.H Security element, in particular security label
FR3019496A1 (en) 2014-04-07 2015-10-09 Hologram Ind OPTICAL SECURITY COMPONENT WITH REFLECTIVE EFFECT, MANUFACTURE OF SUCH A COMPONENT AND SECURE DOCUMENT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A COMPONENT

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