EP3635180B1 - Launching method - Google Patents

Launching method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3635180B1
EP3635180B1 EP18737658.7A EP18737658A EP3635180B1 EP 3635180 B1 EP3635180 B1 EP 3635180B1 EP 18737658 A EP18737658 A EP 18737658A EP 3635180 B1 EP3635180 B1 EP 3635180B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pontoon
water
support pillar
lowering
launching
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EP18737658.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3635180A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas CHOISNET
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IDEOL
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IDEOL
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Priority to HRP20220395TT priority Critical patent/HRP20220395T1/en
Priority to PL18737658T priority patent/PL3635180T3/en
Publication of EP3635180A1 publication Critical patent/EP3635180A1/en
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Publication of EP3635180B1 publication Critical patent/EP3635180B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C1/00—Dry-docking of vessels or flying-boats
    • B63C1/02—Floating docks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/021—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F3/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads
    • B66F3/24—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads fluid-pressure operated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of shipbuilding and more specifically that of the launching of structures intended to float in water.
  • Launching is a critical step after the construction or repair, on dry ground, of a structure intended to float in water, such as for example a ship or a floating platform. This transition from solid support on land to floating in the water normally needs to be carefully managed to avoid damage to the lowered structure.
  • the person skilled in the art thus knows, for example, launching from an inclined plane, as described in the Japanese patent application publication JP S55-59226 , vertical launching using cranes or lifts, as described in publications KR 2009 0011697 , KR 10 0642343 , FR 1 385 516 , GS 181 576 Where US 7,419,329 , and launching in a flood-prone dry dock.
  • these methods generally require heavy, costly and relatively infrequent infrastructures.
  • Russian inventor's certificates SU 1030299 A and SU 1273293 A1 have disclosed methods for launching a floating platform which may comprise the steps of loading the platform onto a pontoon floating in the water, placing pillars of supports connected to the platform, while the latter rests on the pontoon floating in the water, lifting the platform on the support pillars, withdrawing the pontoon and lowering the platform, still supported by the support pillars, until that the platform floats in the water.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks, in particular by proposing a method for launching a structure intended to float in water, which makes it possible to overcome local conditions, as well as powerful lifting means. .
  • this method comprises the steps of loading the structure on a floating pontoon in the water, placing at least one support pillar under water, connected to the structure, while the structure rests on the pontoon floating in the water, withdrawing the pontoon while the structure is supported by the at least one support pillar supported underwater, and lowering the structure, supported still by the at least one support pillar, until the structure floats in the water, may further comprise a stage of lowering the pontoon, vertically separating the pontoon from the structure, while the structure is supported by the at least one support pillar bearing under water and before the step of removing the pontoon.
  • the at least one support pillar is removably connected to the structure, and the method then also includes a step of separating the at least one support pillar from the structure once the structure is floating in the water. It may thus be possible to reuse the at least one support pillar for launching other structures.
  • the at least one support pillar can be connected to the structure through a location for fixing an anchor line on the structure. Thus, this location can offer a dual use, for launching and for the subsequent anchoring of the structure after it has been launched.
  • the method can also comprise a step of connecting the at least one support pillar to the structure before the underwater bearing of the at least one support pillar.
  • the pontoon is lowered relative to its waterline during the step of lowering the pontoon.
  • the pontoon can be ballasted to perform the step of lowering the pontoon.
  • the water level can drop during the step of lowering the pontoon.
  • the water level can be lowered by the tide during the lowering of the pontoon. It is thus possible to make use of the natural phenomenon of the tides, rather than complex devices or installations, to vertically separate the pontoon from the structure supported by the at least one support pillar, so as to allow its subsequent withdrawal.
  • a hydraulic and/or mechanical cylinder for vertical actuation can be interposed between the au at least one support pillar and the structure to thereby actuate a relative vertical displacement of the support pillar with respect to the structure.
  • the structure may be a floating platform, such as for example a floating drilling or exploration platform or a floating platform for exploiting renewable energies with at least one wind or tidal turbine.
  • the steps of a method for launching a structure 1 are illustrated in the figures 1 to 8
  • the structure 1 can be, as in the example illustrated, a floating platform like the one disclosed in FR 2 970 696 B1 , but could alternatively be for example a ship. It may have been assembled and/or built on site, for example from modules prefabricated elsewhere and transported on site.
  • a first step illustrated on the figure 1 one can proceed to the loading of the structure 1 on a pontoon 10. Its loading can proceed, as illustrated, on wheels or rollers 11, possibly placed on rails.
  • a loading surface 12 of the pontoon 10 can be at substantially the same level, in this first step, as the surface 13 of the ground at the adjacent shore 14, from which the structure 1 is loaded.
  • support pillars 2 can be connected to the structure 1 by fixings 3, which can be removably fixed on, for example, slots 5 for fixing anchor lines on this structure 1.
  • the support pillars 2 can be movable at least vertically relative to the bindings 3.
  • cylinders 4 can be interposed between the bindings 3 and the support pillars 2.
  • the cylinders 4 can be hydraulic cylinders, and in particular water cylinders, as illustrated for example in the figure 10A , with a piston 41 secured to the attachment 3 received in a sliding manner in a cylinder 42 formed in the support pillar 2 and able to receive and evacuate pressurized water through a pipe 43, with possibly restricted flow and able to be equipped a valve 44 which can be opened to allow the passage of water in either direction in order to raise or lower the support pillar 2 relative to the attachment 3 or closed to fix the position of the pillar of support 2 with respect to the fixing.
  • the cylinders 4 can be mechanical cylinders, each comprising for example, as illustrated in the figure 10B , one or more pinions 45, associated with one of the binding 3 and the support pillar 2, and a rack 46, associated with the other of the binding 3 and the support pillar 2.
  • the pinions 45 can be coupled to at least one motor 47 and a brake 48 for, respectively, actuating or braking, or even blocking a relative vertical movement of the support pillar 2 with respect to the binding.
  • a third step illustrated in the picture 3 , one can proceed to lower the support pillars 2 until they rest, underwater 15, on the seabed 16.
  • This lowering can be simply driven by gravity, or actuated by the cylinders 4, but in any case its speed can be restricted through these cylinders 4.
  • Once the support pillars 2 bear under water 15, their relative position with respect to the fixings 3 and therefore with respect to the structure 1 can be fixed, for example by blocking the cylinders 4, so that the support of the support pillars 2 under water 15 can support the structure 1.
  • the pontoon 10 can be lowered under the structure 1, now supported, through the fixings 3, by the support pillars 2 resting under water 15, so as to vertically separate the pontoon 10 from the structure.
  • the pontoon 10 can be lowered relative to its waterline 17. This can be done for example by ballasting the pontoon 10, with solid or liquid ballast, so as to increase its displacement.
  • the water level 15 descends, so as to lower the pontoon 10 even if its level relative to its waterline 17 is maintained.
  • This lowering of the water level can be obtained by a set of locks, but also, in a simpler way and without calling on particular infrastructures, it can be the effect of the tides: the support pillars 2 could therefore be lowered and bear under water 15 during high tide, and the pontoon 10 descend and deviate vertically from the structure 1 at low tide.
  • the support pillars 2 could therefore be lowered and bear under water 15 during high tide, and the pontoon 10 descend and deviate vertically from the structure 1 at low tide.
  • these two aspects are not mutually exclusive, and it would also be possible to combine them, for example by ballasting the pontoon 10 to amplify its descent due to the tide.
  • a sufficient vertical gap has been obtained between the pontoon 10 and the structure 1, now supported by the support pillars 2, one can proceed to a fifth step, as in the example illustrated in the figure 5 , in which the pontoon 10 is removed. The space under the pontoon 10 being thus freed, it is then possible to proceed to a sixth step, as in the example illustrated in the figure 6 , in which the structure 1 is lowered until it floats in the water 15. Like the lowering of the support pillars 2, this lowering of the structure 1 can be at least partially driven by gravity, or actuated by jacks 4, but in any case its speed can be restricted through these jacks 4.
  • this sixth step can be followed by a seventh step, as in the example illustrated in the Figure 7A , in which the support pillars 2 can still be raised higher relative to the structure 1, for example by using the jacks 4, so as to disengage the support pillars 2 from the seabed 16 and thus allow the free flotation of the structure 1 while facilitating a subsequent separation of the support pillars 2 from the structure 1.
  • a rise in the level of the water 15, for example by the return of the high tide can also be used to effect this disengagement of the support pillars 2 with respect to the seabed 16, as in the example illustrated in the figure 7B .
  • an eighth step can be carried out, as in the example illustrated in the figure 8 , in which the fasteners 3 can be detached from the structure 1, and the support pillars 2 thus be separated from the structure 1.
  • the structure 1 can thus float freely in the water, and be moved, for example by towing, towards the wide, where it can be anchored by anchor lines 20 fixed on the locations 5 for fixing anchor lines, as in the example illustrated in the figure 9 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Description

Arrière-plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

La présente invention concerne le domaine de la construction navale et plus spécifiquement celui de la mise à l'eau de structures destinées à flotter dans l'eau.The present invention relates to the field of shipbuilding and more specifically that of the launching of structures intended to float in water.

La mise à l'eau est une étape critique après la construction ou réparation, à pied sec, d'une structure destinée à flotter dans l'eau, comme par exemple un navire ou une plateforme flottante. Cette transition d'un support solide sur terre ferme vers une flottaison dans l'eau doit normalement être gérée avec précision pour éviter des dommages sur la structure mise à l'eau. La personne du métier connaît ainsi par exemple le lancement à partir d'un plan incliné, comme décrit dans la publication de demande de brevet japonais JP S55-59226 , la mise à l'eau verticale à l'aide de grues ou ascenseurs, comme décrit dans les publications KR 2009 0011697 , KR 10 0642343 , FR 1 385 516 , SG 181 576 ou US 7 419 329 , et la mise à l'eau en cale sèche inondable. Ces procédés requièrent toutefois généralement des infrastructures lourdes, coûteuses et relativement peu fréquentes. Une autre alternative connue de la personne du métier est celle de l'immersion sur une barge submersible, telle que décrite par exemple dans les publications JP S62-152996 ou US 4 276 849 . Toutefois, à part l'utilisation d'une telle barge submersible, équipement complexe et coûteux, cette autre alternative requiert aussi une profondeur d'eau suffisante pour permettre l'immersion de la barge à l'endroit de la mise à l'eau. Or, au moins dans certaines circonstances, il peut être souhaitable de s'affranchir au moins partiellement de telles contraintes locales. Par exemple, un tel affranchissement des contraintes locales, en matière d'infrastructure ou profondeur d'eau peut permettre de réduire la distance de remorquage de structures flottantes destinées à être ancrées en mer, entre l'emplacement de leur construction et mise à l'eau, et leur emplacement final.Launching is a critical step after the construction or repair, on dry ground, of a structure intended to float in water, such as for example a ship or a floating platform. This transition from solid support on land to floating in the water normally needs to be carefully managed to avoid damage to the lowered structure. The person skilled in the art thus knows, for example, launching from an inclined plane, as described in the Japanese patent application publication JP S55-59226 , vertical launching using cranes or lifts, as described in publications KR 2009 0011697 , KR 10 0642343 , FR 1 385 516 , GS 181 576 Where US 7,419,329 , and launching in a flood-prone dry dock. However, these methods generally require heavy, costly and relatively infrequent infrastructures. Another alternative known to those skilled in the art is that of immersion on a submersible barge, as described for example in the publications JP S62-152996 Where US 4,276,849 . However, apart from the use of such a submersible barge, which is complex and costly equipment, this other alternative also requires a sufficient depth of water to allow the immersion of the barge at the launching location. However, at least in certain circumstances, it may be desirable to at least partially overcome such local constraints. For example, such freedom from local constraints, in terms of infrastructure or water depth, can make it possible to reduce the towing distance of floating structures intended to be anchored at sea, between the location of their construction and water, and their final location.

Les certificats d'inventeur soviétique SU 1030299 A et SU 1273293 A1 ont divulgué des procédés pour la mise à l'eau d'une plateforme flottante pouvant comporter les étapes de chargement de la plateforme sur un ponton flottant dans l'eau, mise en appui sous l'eau de piliers de support reliés à la plateforme, pendant que celle-ci repose sur le ponton flottant dans l'eau, levage de la plateforme sur les piliers de support, retrait du ponton et abaissement de la plateforme, soutenue encore par les piliers de support, jusqu'à ce que la plateforme flotte dans l'eau.Soviet inventor's certificates SU 1030299 A and SU 1273293 A1 have disclosed methods for launching a floating platform which may comprise the steps of loading the platform onto a pontoon floating in the water, placing pillars of supports connected to the platform, while the latter rests on the pontoon floating in the water, lifting the platform on the support pillars, withdrawing the pontoon and lowering the platform, still supported by the support pillars, until that the platform floats in the water.

Ces procédés requièrent toutefois encore des infrastructures locales relativement lourdes, notamment un support sous-marin pour soutenir le ponton lors du chargement de la plateforme, ainsi que des moyens de levage puissants pour lever la plateforme sur les piliers de support afin de permettre le retrait du ponton.However, these methods still require relatively heavy local infrastructure, in particular an underwater support to support the pontoon when loading the platform, as well as powerful lifting means to lift the platform on the support pillars in order to allow the removal of the pontoon.

Objet et résumé de l'inventionSubject matter and summary of the invention

La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients, en proposant notamment un procédé de mise à l'eau d'une structure destinée à flotter dans l'eau, qui permette de s'affranchir des conditions locales, ainsi que de moyens de levage puissants.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks, in particular by proposing a method for launching a structure intended to float in water, which makes it possible to overcome local conditions, as well as powerful lifting means. .

Ce but est atteint grâce au fait que, suivant l'invention, ce procédé comprend les étapes de chargement de la structure sur un ponton flottant dans l'eau, mise en appui sous l'eau d'au moins un pilier de support, relié à la structure, pendant que la structure repose sur le ponton flottant dans l'eau, retrait du ponton pendant que la structure est soutenue par l'au moins un pilier de support prenant appui sous l'eau, et abaissement de la structure, soutenue encore par l'au moins un pilier de support, jusqu'à ce que la structure flotte dans l'eau, peut comprendre en outre une étape d'abaissement du ponton, séparant verticalement le ponton de la structure, pendant que la structure est soutenue par l'au moins un pilier de support prenant appui sous l'eau et avant l'étape de retrait du ponton.This object is achieved thanks to the fact that, according to the invention, this method comprises the steps of loading the structure on a floating pontoon in the water, placing at least one support pillar under water, connected to the structure, while the structure rests on the pontoon floating in the water, withdrawing the pontoon while the structure is supported by the at least one support pillar supported underwater, and lowering the structure, supported still by the at least one support pillar, until the structure floats in the water, may further comprise a stage of lowering the pontoon, vertically separating the pontoon from the structure, while the structure is supported by the at least one support pillar bearing under water and before the step of removing the pontoon.

Grâce à ces dispositions, en abaissant le ponton, plutôt que soulever la plateforme, on peut s'affranchir tant des conditions locales comme de la nécessité de moyens de levage puissants pour séparer verticalement le ponton de la plateforme et permettre ainsi le retrait du ponton.Thanks to these provisions, by lowering the pontoon, rather than raising the platform, it is possible to overcome both local conditions and the need for powerful lifting means to vertically separate the pontoon from the platform and thus allow the withdrawal of the pontoon.

L'au moins un pilier de support est relié de manière amovible à la structure, et le procédé comporter alors aussi une étape de séparation de l'au moins un pilier de support de la structure une fois que la structure flotte dans l'eau. Il peut ainsi être possible de réutiliser l'au moins un pilier de support pour la mise à l'eau d'autres structures. Par ailleurs, selon un mode de réalisation préféré l'au moins un pilier de support peut être relié à la structure à travers un emplacement pour fixation de ligne d'ancrage sur la structure. Ainsi, cet emplacement peut offrir un double usage, pour la mise en l'eau et pour l'ancrage subséquent de la structure après sa mise à l'eau.The at least one support pillar is removably connected to the structure, and the method then also includes a step of separating the at least one support pillar from the structure once the structure is floating in the water. It may thus be possible to reuse the at least one support pillar for launching other structures. Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment, the at least one support pillar can be connected to the structure through a location for fixing an anchor line on the structure. Thus, this location can offer a dual use, for launching and for the subsequent anchoring of the structure after it has been launched.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le procédé peut comprendre aussi une étape de connexion de l'au moins un pilier de support à la structure avant la mise en appui sous l'eau de l'au moins un pilier de support.According to a preferred embodiment, the method can also comprise a step of connecting the at least one support pillar to the structure before the underwater bearing of the at least one support pillar.

Suivant l'invention, le ponton est abaissé par rapport à sa ligne de flottaison lors de l'étape d'abaissement du ponton. En particulier, le ponton peut être ballasté pour effectuer l'étape d'abaissement du ponton. En abaissant ainsi le ponton dans l'eau, on peut facilement écarter verticalement le ponton de la structure soutenue par l'au moins un pilier de support pour autant que le ponton ne repose pas déjà directement sur le fond de l'eau, afin de permettre le retrait subséquent du ponton.According to the invention, the pontoon is lowered relative to its waterline during the step of lowering the pontoon. In particular, the pontoon can be ballasted to perform the step of lowering the pontoon. By lowering the pontoon in the water in this way, the pontoon can easily be moved vertically away from the structure supported by the at least one support pillar, provided that the pontoon is not already resting directly on the bottom of the water, in order to allow subsequent removal of the pontoon.

Toutefois, alternativement ou en complément à cet abaissement du ponton par rapport à sa ligne de flottaison, il est également envisageable que le niveau de l'eau descende pendant l'étape d'abaissement du ponton. En particulier, le niveau de l'eau peut être abaissé par la marée pendant l'abaissement du ponton. On peut ainsi faire usage du phénomène naturel des marées, plutôt que de dispositifs ou installations complexes, pour écarter verticalement le ponton de la structure soutenue par l'au moins un pilier de support, de manière à permettre son retrait subséquent.However, alternatively or in addition to this lowering of the pontoon relative to its waterline, it is also possible for the water level to drop during the step of lowering the pontoon. In particular, the water level can be lowered by the tide during the lowering of the pontoon. It is thus possible to make use of the natural phenomenon of the tides, rather than complex devices or installations, to vertically separate the pontoon from the structure supported by the at least one support pillar, so as to allow its subsequent withdrawal.

Suivant un autre mode de réalisation préféré, un vérin hydraulique et/ou mécanique d'actionnement vertical peut être interposé entre l'au moins un pilier de support et la structure pour ainsi actionner un déplacement vertical relatif du pilier de support par rapport à la structure.According to another preferred embodiment, a hydraulic and/or mechanical cylinder for vertical actuation can be interposed between the au at least one support pillar and the structure to thereby actuate a relative vertical displacement of the support pillar with respect to the structure.

Suivant encore un autre mode de réalisation préféré, la structure peut être une plateforme flottante, telle que par exemple une plateforme flottante de forage ou d'exploration ou une plateforme flottante d'exploitation d'énergies renouvelables avec au moins une turbine éolienne ou hydrolienne.According to yet another preferred embodiment, the structure may be a floating platform, such as for example a floating drilling or exploration platform or a floating platform for exploiting renewable energies with at least one wind or tidal turbine.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

L'invention sera bien comprise et ses avantages apparaîtront mieux, à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit, d'exemples de réalisation représentés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une illustration schématique d'une première étape d'un procédé de mise à l'eau suivant un aspect de la divulgation ;
  • la figure 2 est une illustration schématique d'une deuxième étape du même procédé de mise à l'eau ;
  • la figure 3 est une illustration schématique d'une troisième étape du même procédé de mise à l'eau ;
  • la figure 4A est une illustration schématique d'une quatrième étape du même procédé de mise à l'eau, suivant une première option ;
  • la figure 4B est une illustration schématique de la quatrième étape du même procédé de mise à l'eau, suivant une deuxième option ;
  • la figure 5 est une illustration schématique d'une cinquième étape du même procédé de mise à l'eau ;
  • la figure 6 est une illustration schématique d'une sixième étape du même procédé de mise à l'eau ;
  • la figure 7A est une illustration schématique d'une septième étape du même procédé de mise à l'eau, suivant une première option ;
  • la figure 7B est une illustration schématique de la septième étape du même procédé de mise à l'eau, suivant une deuxième option ;
  • la figure 8 est une illustration schématique d'une huitième étape du même procédé de mise à l'eau ;
  • la figure 9 est une illustration schématique d'une structure ancrée au large après sa mise à l'eau suivant le procédé susmentionné ;
  • la figure 10A illustre schématiquement un vérin destiné à être utilisé dans le procédé susmentionné ; et
  • la figure 10B illustre schématiquement un vérin alternatif destiné à être utilisé dans le procédé susmentionné.
The invention will be well understood and its advantages will appear better, on reading the detailed description which follows, of exemplary embodiments represented by way of non-limiting examples. The description refers to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a first step in a launching process according to one aspect of the disclosure;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a second step of the same launching process;
  • the picture 3 is a schematic illustration of a third step of the same launching process;
  • the figure 4A is a schematic illustration of a fourth step of the same launching process, according to a first option;
  • the figure 4B is a schematic illustration of the fourth stage of the same launching process, according to a second option;
  • the figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a fifth step of the same launching process;
  • the figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a sixth step of the same launching process;
  • the Figure 7A is a schematic illustration of a seventh step of the same launching process, according to a first option;
  • the figure 7B is a schematic illustration of the seventh step of the same launching process, according to a second option;
  • the figure 8 is a schematic illustration of an eighth step of the same launching process;
  • the figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a structure anchored offshore after it has been launched using the aforementioned method;
  • the figure 10A schematically illustrates a jack for use in the aforementioned method; and
  • the figure 10B schematically illustrates a reciprocating actuator for use in the aforementioned method.

Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention

Les étapes d'un procédé de mise à l'eau d'une structure 1 suivant un aspect de la présente divulgation sont illustrées sur les figures 1 à 8 La structure 1 peut être, comme dans l'exemple illustré, une plateforme flottante comme celle divulguée dans FR 2 970 696 B1 , mais pourrait alternativement être par exemple un navire. Elle peut avoir été assemblée et/ou construite sur place, par exemple à partir de modules préfabriqués ailleurs et acheminés sur place. Dans une première étape illustrée sur la figure 1, on peut procéder au chargement de la structure 1 sur un ponton 10. Son chargement peut procéder, comme illustré, sur des roues ou rouleaux 11, éventuellement posés sur des rails. Pour cela, une surface de chargement 12 du ponton 10 peut être à sensiblement le même niveau, dans cette première étape, que la surface 13 du sol au rivage adjacent 14, à partir duquel la structure 1 est chargée.The steps of a method for launching a structure 1 according to one aspect of the present disclosure are illustrated in the figures 1 to 8 The structure 1 can be, as in the example illustrated, a floating platform like the one disclosed in FR 2 970 696 B1 , but could alternatively be for example a ship. It may have been assembled and/or built on site, for example from modules prefabricated elsewhere and transported on site. In a first step illustrated on the figure 1 , one can proceed to the loading of the structure 1 on a pontoon 10. Its loading can proceed, as illustrated, on wheels or rollers 11, possibly placed on rails. For this, a loading surface 12 of the pontoon 10 can be at substantially the same level, in this first step, as the surface 13 of the ground at the adjacent shore 14, from which the structure 1 is loaded.

Une fois que la structure 1 est chargée, on peut procéder, dans une deuxième étape illustrée sur la figure 2, à relier des piliers de support 2 à la structure 1. Alternativement, toutefois, la connexion des piliers de support 2 à la structure 1 pourrait être effectuée avant le chargement de la structure, avec les piliers de support 2 déjà installés, sur le ponton 10. Ces piliers de support 2 peuvent être reliés à la structure 1 par des fixations 3, qui peuvent être fixées de manière amovible sur, par exemple, des emplacements 5 pour fixation de lignes d'ancrage sur cette structure 1.Once the structure 1 is loaded, we can proceed, in a second step illustrated on the figure 2 , to connect support pillars 2 to the structure 1. Alternatively, however, the connection of the support pillars 2 to the structure 1 could be carried out before the loading of the structure, with the support pillars 2 already installed, on the pontoon 10. These support pillars 2 can be connected to the structure 1 by fixings 3, which can be removably fixed on, for example, slots 5 for fixing anchor lines on this structure 1.

Les piliers de support 2 peuvent être mobiles au moins verticalement par rapport aux fixations 3. Pour actionner et/ou freiner leur mouvement vertical, des vérins 4 peuvent être interposés entre les fixations 3 et les piliers de support 2. Les vérins 4 peuvent être des vérins hydrauliques, et notamment des vérins à eau, comme illustré par exemple sur la figure 10A, avec un piston 41 solidaire de la fixation 3 reçu de manière coulissante dans un cylindre 42 formé dans le pilier de support 2 et pouvant recevoir et évacuer de l'eau à pression à travers un conduit 43, à écoulement éventuellement restreint et pouvant être équipé d'une vanne 44 pouvant être ouverte pour permettre le passage de l'eau dans l'un ou l'autre sens afin de soulever ou abaisser le pilier de support 2 par rapport à la fixation 3 ou fermée pour fixer la position du pilier de support 2 par rapport à la fixation. Alternativement, toutefois, les vérins 4 peuvent être des vérins mécaniques, chacun comprenant par exemple, comme illustré sur la figure 10B, un ou plusieurs pignons 45, associés à l'un de la fixation 3 et le pilier de support 2, et une crémaillère 46, associée à l'autre de la fixation 3 et le pilier de support 2. Les pignons 45 peuvent être couplés à au moins un moteur 47 et un frein 48 pour, respectivement, actionner ou freiner, voire bloquer un mouvement vertical relatif du pilier de support 2 par rapport à la fixation.The support pillars 2 can be movable at least vertically relative to the bindings 3. To actuate and/or brake their vertical movement, cylinders 4 can be interposed between the bindings 3 and the support pillars 2. The cylinders 4 can be hydraulic cylinders, and in particular water cylinders, as illustrated for example in the figure 10A , with a piston 41 secured to the attachment 3 received in a sliding manner in a cylinder 42 formed in the support pillar 2 and able to receive and evacuate pressurized water through a pipe 43, with possibly restricted flow and able to be equipped a valve 44 which can be opened to allow the passage of water in either direction in order to raise or lower the support pillar 2 relative to the attachment 3 or closed to fix the position of the pillar of support 2 with respect to the fixing. Alternatively, however, the cylinders 4 can be mechanical cylinders, each comprising for example, as illustrated in the figure 10B , one or more pinions 45, associated with one of the binding 3 and the support pillar 2, and a rack 46, associated with the other of the binding 3 and the support pillar 2. The pinions 45 can be coupled to at least one motor 47 and a brake 48 for, respectively, actuating or braking, or even blocking a relative vertical movement of the support pillar 2 with respect to the binding.

Ainsi, dans une troisième étape, illustrée sur la figure 3, on peut procéder à abaisser les piliers de support 2 jusqu'à ce qu'il prennent appui, sous l'eau 15, sur le fond marin 16. Cet abaissement peut être simplement impulsé par gravité, ou actionné par les vérins 4, mais en tout cas sa vitesse peut être restreinte à travers ces vérins 4. Une fois que les piliers de support 2 prennent appui sous l'eau 15, leur position relative par rapport aux fixations 3 et donc par rapport à la structure 1 peut être fixée, par exemple en bloquant les vérins 4, de manière à ce que l'appui des piliers de support 2 sous l'eau 15 puisse soutenir la structure 1.Thus, in a third step, illustrated in the picture 3 , one can proceed to lower the support pillars 2 until they rest, underwater 15, on the seabed 16. This lowering can be simply driven by gravity, or actuated by the cylinders 4, but in any case its speed can be restricted through these cylinders 4. Once the support pillars 2 bear under water 15, their relative position with respect to the fixings 3 and therefore with respect to the structure 1 can be fixed, for example by blocking the cylinders 4, so that the support of the support pillars 2 under water 15 can support the structure 1.

Dans une quatrième étape, le ponton 10 peut être abaissé sous la structure 1, désormais soutenue, à travers les fixations 3, par les piliers de support 2 en appui sous l'eau 15, de manière à écarter verticalement le ponton 10 de la structure. Suivant un premier aspect, illustré par un exemple sur la figure 4A, dans cette quatrième étape le ponton 10 peut être abaissé par rapport à sa ligne de flottaison 17. Ceci peut être effectué par exemple en ballastant le ponton 10, avec du ballast solide ou liquide, de manière à en augmenter le déplacement. Suivant un deuxième aspect, illustré par un exemple sur la figure 4B, dans cette quatrième étape le niveau de l'eau 15 descend, de manière à abaisser le ponton 10 même si son niveau par rapport à sa ligne de flottaison 17 est maintenu. Cet abaissement du niveau de l'eau peut être obtenu par un jeu d'écluses, mais aussi, de manière plus simple et sans faire appel à des infrastructures particulières, il peut être l'effet des marées : les piliers de support 2 pourraient donc être abaissés et prendre appui sous l'eau 15 pendant la marée haute, et le ponton 10 descendre et s'écarter verticalement de la structure 1 à cause la marée basse. Bien sûr, ces deux aspects ne s'excluent pas mutuellement, et il serait également possible de les combiner, par exemple en ballastant le ponton 10 pour amplifier sa descente à cause de la marée.In a fourth step, the pontoon 10 can be lowered under the structure 1, now supported, through the fixings 3, by the support pillars 2 resting under water 15, so as to vertically separate the pontoon 10 from the structure. . According to a first aspect, illustrated by an example on the figure 4A , in this fourth step the pontoon 10 can be lowered relative to its waterline 17. This can be done for example by ballasting the pontoon 10, with solid or liquid ballast, so as to increase its displacement. According to a second aspect, illustrated by an example on the figure 4B , in this fourth step the water level 15 descends, so as to lower the pontoon 10 even if its level relative to its waterline 17 is maintained. This lowering of the water level can be obtained by a set of locks, but also, in a simpler way and without calling on particular infrastructures, it can be the effect of the tides: the support pillars 2 could therefore be lowered and bear under water 15 during high tide, and the pontoon 10 descend and deviate vertically from the structure 1 at low tide. Of course, these two aspects are not mutually exclusive, and it would also be possible to combine them, for example by ballasting the pontoon 10 to amplify its descent due to the tide.

Une fois qu'un écart vertical suffisant est obtenu entre le ponton 10 et la structure 1, désormais soutenue par les piliers de support 2, on peut procéder à une cinquième étape, comme dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 5, dans laquelle le ponton 10 est retiré. L'espace sous le ponton 10 étant ainsi libéré, on peut ensuite procéder à une sixième étape, comme dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 6, dans laquelle on procède à abaisser la structure 1 jusqu'à ce qu'elle flotte dans l'eau 15. Comme l'abaissement des piliers de support 2, cet abaissement de la structure 1 peut être au moins partiellement impulsé par gravité, ou actionné par les vérins 4, mais en tout cas sa vitesse peut être restreinte à travers ces vérins 4. Par ailleurs, cette sixième étape peut être suivie d'une septième étape, comme dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 7A, dans laquelle les piliers de support 2 peuvent encore être soulevés plus haut par rapport à la structure 1, par exemple en utilisant les vérins 4, de manière à dégager les piliers de support 2 du fond marin 16 et ainsi permettre la libre flottaison de la structure 1 tout en facilitant une séparation subséquente des piliers de support 2 de la structure 1. Toutefois, alternativement ou en combinaison avec ce soulèvement des piliers de support 2 par rapport à la structure, une montée du niveau de l'eau 15, par exemple par le retour de la marée haute, peut aussi servir à opérer ce dégagement des piliers de support 2 par rapport au fond marin 16, comme dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 7B.Once a sufficient vertical gap has been obtained between the pontoon 10 and the structure 1, now supported by the support pillars 2, one can proceed to a fifth step, as in the example illustrated in the figure 5 , in which the pontoon 10 is removed. The space under the pontoon 10 being thus freed, it is then possible to proceed to a sixth step, as in the example illustrated in the figure 6 , in which the structure 1 is lowered until it floats in the water 15. Like the lowering of the support pillars 2, this lowering of the structure 1 can be at least partially driven by gravity, or actuated by jacks 4, but in any case its speed can be restricted through these jacks 4. Furthermore, this sixth step can be followed by a seventh step, as in the example illustrated in the Figure 7A , in which the support pillars 2 can still be raised higher relative to the structure 1, for example by using the jacks 4, so as to disengage the support pillars 2 from the seabed 16 and thus allow the free flotation of the structure 1 while facilitating a subsequent separation of the support pillars 2 from the structure 1. However, alternatively or in combination with this lifting of the support pillars 2 relative to the structure, a rise in the level of the water 15, for example by the return of the high tide, can also be used to effect this disengagement of the support pillars 2 with respect to the seabed 16, as in the example illustrated in the figure 7B .

Une fois que la structure 1 flotte dans l'eau 15 et que les piliers de support 2 sont dégagés du fond marin 16, on peut procéder à une huitième étape, comme dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 8, dans laquelle les fixations 3 peuvent être désolidarisées de la structure 1, et les piliers de support 2 être ainsi séparés de la structure 1. La structure 1 pourra ainsi flotter librement dans l'eau, et être déplacée, par exemple par remorquage, vers le large, où elle pourra être ancrée par des lignes d'ancrage 20 fixées sur les emplacements 5 de fixation de lignes d'ancrage, comme dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 9.Once the structure 1 is floating in the water 15 and the support pillars 2 are clear of the seabed 16, an eighth step can be carried out, as in the example illustrated in the figure 8 , in which the fasteners 3 can be detached from the structure 1, and the support pillars 2 thus be separated from the structure 1. The structure 1 can thus float freely in the water, and be moved, for example by towing, towards the wide, where it can be anchored by anchor lines 20 fixed on the locations 5 for fixing anchor lines, as in the example illustrated in the figure 9 .

Quoique la présente invention ait été décrite en se référant à des exemples de réalisation spécifiques, il est évident que des différentes modifications et changements peuvent être effectués sur ces exemples sans sortir de la portée générale de l'invention telle que définie par les revendications. En outre, des caractéristiques individuelles des différents exemples de réalisation évoqués peuvent être combinées dans des exemples de réalisation additionnels. Par conséquent, la description et les dessins doivent être considérés dans un sens illustratif plutôt que restrictif.Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and changes can be made to these examples without departing from the general scope of the invention as defined by the claims. In addition, individual characteristics of the different embodiments mentioned can be combined in additional embodiments. Accordingly, the description and the drawings should be considered in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense.

Claims (9)

  1. A method for launching a structure (1) intended to float in water (15), including the steps of:
    loading the structure (1) on a pontoon (10) floating in water,
    abutting under water (15) at least one support pillar (2), connected to the structure (1), while the structure (1) rests on the pontoon (10) floating in water (15),
    removing the pontoon (10) while the structure (1) is supported by the at least one support pillar (2) bearing under water (15), and
    lowering the structure (1), still supported by the at least one support pillar (2), until the structure (1) floats in water (15), and characterized in that the at least one support pillar (2) is removably connected to the structure (1), and in that the method further comprises:
    a step of lowering the pontoon (10), vertically disengaging the pontoon (10) from the structure (1), while the structure (1) is supported by the at least one support pillar (2) bearing under water (15), before removal of the pontoon (10); and
    a step of separating the at least one support pillar (2) from the structure (1) once the structure (1) floats in water.
  2. The launching method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one support pillar (2) is connected to the structure (1) through a location (5) for the fastening of an anchor line on the structure (1).
  3. The launching method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of connecting the at least one support pillar (2) to the structure (1) before abutting under water (15) the at least one support pillar (2).
  4. The launching method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pontoon (10) is lowered relative to its waterline (17) during the pontoon (10) lowering step.
  5. The launching method according to claim 4, wherein the pontoon (10) is ballasted to carry out the pontoon (10) lowering step.
  6. The launching method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the water (15) level goes down during the pontoon (10) lowering step.
  7. The launching method according to claim 6, wherein the tide lowers the water (15) level during the lowering of the pontoon (10).
  8. The launching method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one vertical hydraulic and/or mechanical jack (4) is interposed between the at least one support pillar (2) and the structure (1).
  9. The launching method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the structure (1) is a floating platform.
EP18737658.7A 2017-06-06 2018-06-06 Launching method Active EP3635180B1 (en)

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HRP20220395TT HRP20220395T1 (en) 2017-06-06 2018-06-06 Launching method
PL18737658T PL3635180T3 (en) 2017-06-06 2018-06-06 Launching method

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FR1754994A FR3067047B1 (en) 2017-06-06 2017-06-06 METHOD FOR LAUNCHING
PCT/FR2018/051301 WO2018224770A1 (en) 2017-06-06 2018-06-06 Launching method

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EP3635180B1 true EP3635180B1 (en) 2022-01-12

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JP (1) JP7164551B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102630564B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110719981B (en)
ES (1) ES2910189T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3067047B1 (en)
HR (1) HRP20220395T1 (en)
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WO2018224770A1 (en) 2018-12-13
SG11201911651YA (en) 2020-01-30
FR3067047A1 (en) 2018-12-07
HRP20220395T1 (en) 2022-05-13
KR20200015935A (en) 2020-02-13
ES2910189T3 (en) 2022-05-11
CN110719981A (en) 2020-01-21
CN110719981B (en) 2022-04-19
FR3067047B1 (en) 2019-07-26
US10967942B2 (en) 2021-04-06
JP7164551B2 (en) 2022-11-01
KR102630564B1 (en) 2024-01-29
EP3635180A1 (en) 2020-04-15
PL3635180T3 (en) 2022-05-02
JP2020522429A (en) 2020-07-30
US20200115014A1 (en) 2020-04-16
PT3635180T (en) 2022-04-07

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