EP3620282B1 - Osb-holzwerkstoffplatte - Google Patents

Osb-holzwerkstoffplatte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3620282B1
EP3620282B1 EP19201042.9A EP19201042A EP3620282B1 EP 3620282 B1 EP3620282 B1 EP 3620282B1 EP 19201042 A EP19201042 A EP 19201042A EP 3620282 B1 EP3620282 B1 EP 3620282B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood
strands
osb
treated
based panel
Prior art date
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EP19201042.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3620282A1 (de
Inventor
Norbert Kalwa
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Application filed by Swiss Krono Tec AG filed Critical Swiss Krono Tec AG
Priority to ES19201042T priority Critical patent/ES2904805T3/es
Priority to EP19201042.9A priority patent/EP3620282B1/de
Priority to PL19201042T priority patent/PL3620282T3/pl
Priority to PT192010429T priority patent/PT3620282T/pt
Priority to HUE19201042A priority patent/HUE057379T2/hu
Publication of EP3620282A1 publication Critical patent/EP3620282A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/003—Pretreatment of moulding material for reducing formaldehyde gas emission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K1/00—Damping wood
    • B27K1/02—Apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/007—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 using pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L1/00—Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logs; Machines therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/007—Combined with manufacturing a workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres
    • B27N3/143—Orienting the particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/10—Articles made of particles or fibres consisting of wood or other lignocellulosic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/15—Pretreated particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/10—Extraction of components naturally occurring in wood, cork, straw, cane or reed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an OSB wood-based panel according to claim 1.
  • Coarse chipboard also known as OSB (oriented strand boards), are wood-based panels made from long chips (strands). OSB panels are increasingly used in timber and prefabricated house construction, as OSB panels are light and still meet the static requirements placed on building panels. OSB panels are used as building panels and as wall or roof paneling or in the floor area.
  • the OSB panels are manufactured in a multi-stage process, whereby first the chips or strands from debarked round wood, preferably softwood, are peeled off in the longitudinal direction by rotating knives. In the subsequent drying process, the natural moisture of the beaches is reduced at high temperatures.
  • the moisture level of the strands can vary depending on the adhesive used, whereby the moisture should be well below 10% in order to avoid splitting during later pressing. Depending on the adhesive, wetting on rather damp beaches or on dry beaches can be more favorable. In addition, there should be as little moisture as possible in the strands during the pressing process in order to reduce the steam pressure that occurs during the pressing process as much as possible, as this could otherwise burst the raw panel.
  • the strands are introduced into a gluing device in which the glue or adhesive is applied to the chips in a finely distributed manner.
  • PMDI polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • MUPF melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde
  • glues are predominantly used for gluing.
  • the glues can also be used mixed in the OSB panels. These glues are used because, as mentioned above, the OSB panels are often used for structural applications. Moisture and moisture-resistant glues must be used there.
  • the glued strands are scattered alternately lengthways and transversely to the direction of production in spreading equipment, so that the strands are arranged crosswise in at least three layers (lower cover layer - middle layer - upper cover layer).
  • the direction of spread of the lower and upper cover layer is the same, but deviates from the direction of spread of the middle layer.
  • the strands used in the top layer and middle layer also differ from one another.
  • the strands used in the top layers are flat and the strands used in the middle layer are less flat or even chip-shaped.
  • two strands of material are used in the manufacture of the OSB panels: one with flat strands for the later top layers and one with "chips" for the middle layer.
  • the strands in the middle layer can be of poor quality, since the flexural strength is essentially generated by the outer layers. This is why fine material that is produced during machining can also be used in the middle layer of OSB panels.
  • the percentage distribution between the middle and top layers is at least 70% to 30%. After the strands have been scattered, they are continuously compressed under high pressure and high temperatures of e.g. 200 to 250 ° C.
  • OSB panels are enjoying ever greater popularity and diverse uses, for example as a structural element in house construction or as formwork in concrete construction.
  • the hygroscopic properties inherent in wood-based materials have a disadvantageous effect in some applications.
  • volatile organic compounds also known as VOCs, include volatile organic substances that evaporate easily or are already present as a gas at lower temperatures, such as room temperature.
  • the volatile organic compounds are either already present in the wood material and are released from it during processing or they are According to the current state of knowledge, formed by the breakdown of unsaturated fatty acids, which in turn are decomposition products of the wood. Typical conversion products that occur during processing are, for example, pentanal and hexanal, but also octanal, 2-octenal or 1-heptenal. Softwoods in particular, from which OSB boards are mainly made, contain large amounts of resin and fats, which lead to the formation of volatile organic terpene compounds and aldehydes. VOC, like the aldehydes mentioned, can also arise or be released when certain adhesives are used in the manufacture of wood-based materials.
  • OSB material panels are particularly critical because this material is mainly used uncoated. This allows the ingredients to evaporate unhindered.
  • the OSB panels are often used for cladding / planking large areas, which usually results in a high room load (m 2 OSB / m 3 room air). This also leads to a concentration of certain substances in the room air.
  • VOC-catching substances almost always takes place after the drying process of the strands, as this or the temperature exposure in the press was believed to be the triggering reasons for the majority of the emission.
  • the VOC scavengers were added in liquid form via the glue system, solids were added at various points in the process (e.g. scattering). This required an additional installation of metering stations to ensure homogeneous distribution.
  • EP0695609A2 discloses a multilayer OSB wood-based panel comprising steam-treated, glued wooden strands.
  • the disclosure is now based on the technical task of improving the method known per se for producing OSB material panels in order to simply and safely produce OSB material panels with significantly reduced emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). At least the terpene emissions should be reduced. If possible, the manufacturing process should be changed as little as possible and the costs should not rise disproportionately. Furthermore, the solution should contain the greatest possible flexibility. Ultimately, ecological aspects should also be taken into account, i. H. the solution should not generate additional energy consumption or generate additional waste.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • Another technical task was to design a system with which a simple treatment of the beaches to reduce the emission of VOCs is made possible. This should be integrated into the production process and not disrupt or make the production of the OSB more expensive. The technical effort for the treatment should not lead to an increase in safety measures or contain a greater risk potential.
  • the invention is defined in claim 1.
  • the wooden strands are treated with steam in such a way that the steam is at a temperature between 90 ° C and 110 ° C, particularly preferably 100 ° C at a pressure between 0.7 bar and 1.5 bar, particularly preferably at 1 bar (atmospheric pressure) is passed over the wooden beach.
  • the steam treatment thus takes place at the temperature-dependent pressure with which the steam is introduced into the treatment device.
  • steam treatment at normal pressure temperature of the water vapor introduced of 100 ° C.
  • an additional (external) pressure i.e. in addition to the pressure with which water vapor enters the system. This leads to a simplification of the device, since no pressure vessels (such as an autoclave or a pressure chamber) are necessary for the steam treatment.
  • the present steam treatment of the wooden beaches is carried out in a separate steam treatment device.
  • the steam treatment takes place outside of a chipper (e.g. knife ring hogger or disc hogger) and is therefore not part of the chipping or shredding process of wood for the production of wooden strands. It is also essential that the steam treatment can be carried out before the wooden beach is dried.
  • a chipper e.g. knife ring hogger or disc hogger
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands takes place over a period of 5 to 30 minutes, preferably 10 to 20 minutes, particularly preferably 15 minutes, the amount of steam being a maximum of 1 kg of steam / kg of strands (dry air).
  • the duration of the steam treatment is primarily determined by the speed of the transport device on which the wooden strands are continuously guided through the steam treatment device.
  • the water vapor is collected as condensate after passing through the wooden beach. It is advantageous that the organic compound load of the condensate is relatively low.
  • the COD chemical oxygen demand
  • the wooden strands used in the present case can have a length between 50 to 200 mm, preferably 70 to 180 mm, particularly preferably 90 to 150 mm; a width between 5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 30 mm, particularly preferably 15 to 20 mm; and have a thickness between 0.1 and 2 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 1.5 mm, particularly preferably between 0.4 and 1 mm.
  • the wooden strands have a length between 150 and 200 mm, a width between 15 and 20 mm, a thickness between 0.5 and 1 mm and a maximum humidity of 50%.
  • the at least one housing can be in the form of a metal tube or tubular body.
  • the at least one transport device consists of at least one transport belt.
  • the conveyor belt should Have perforations or other openings so that the water vapor can be guided from the top of the conveyor belt past the wooden beach to the underside of the conveyor belt.
  • the wooden strands are distributed on the conveyor belt in such a way that a homogeneous flow of water vapor through the wooden strands is possible.
  • more than one spray means is provided on the water vapor feed line.
  • the number of spray means is particularly dependent on the total length of the housing.
  • the spray means can also be controlled individually so that the required amount of water vapor can be set in a targeted manner.
  • Nozzles or other suitable injectors can be used as spraying means, which enable an even spraying and an even distribution of the water vapor on and between the wooden beaches.
  • the water vapor is collected as condensate after passing through the wooden beach.
  • at least one means for collecting the condensate is provided in the steaming system below the conveyor belt (based on the direction of flow of the steam).
  • the tubular body can be angled upwards in the direction of advance.
  • the condensate collected in this way contains wood constituents washed out of the wooden strands, in particular aldehydes, organic acids and / or terpenes, in particular those which have a certain water solubility.
  • the steam-treated strands After leaving the steam treatment device, the steam-treated strands have a temperature of 80 to 90.degree. At this temperature, the wooden strands from the steam treatment station enter a dryer (as part of the OSB production line), which leads to an increase in dryer performance. The energy that is needed to remove wood constituents is then used for the drying process. In a normal process, the entry temperature of the strands into the dryer is approx. 25 ° C.
  • the present method enables the production of OSB wood-based panels using steam-treated wooden strands, which are introduced into a known production process in addition or as an alternative to untreated wooden strands.
  • An OSB wood-based panel produced with this method, comprising steam-treated wooden strands, has reduced emissions of volatile organic compounds, in particular of terpenes and aldehydes.
  • the provision of the present method results in various advantages. This enables simple production of the OSB wood-based panels without significantly influencing the usual process chain with significantly reduced emissions of volatile organic compounds from the OSB.
  • the energy requirement for drying the wooden strands can be reduced, since the wooden strands are already at an elevated temperature (e.g. of approx. 90 ° C) when they enter the dryer; i.e. the energy used in the steam treatment supports the drying process.
  • the use of additional chemicals can also be dispensed with, which means that the overall process is ecologically and economically advantageous.
  • the production of OSB is changed in comparison to the conventional OSB production process in such a way that at least some of the strands used are treated with steam after production and before drying.
  • the strands can be those intended for the top or middle class.
  • the beaches will be the standard drying performed. This is done e.g. B. immediately before gluing, with a complete substitution or only a partial substitution of the standard strands can take place.
  • steam-treated wooden strands or a mixture of steam-treated wooden strands and non-steam-treated wooden strands are used as the middle layer and / or top layer of the OSB wood-based panel.
  • only one or both cover layers are formed from steam-treated wooden strands and, if necessary, dried and non-steam-treated wooden strands are used for the middle layer.
  • the mixture can comprise between 10 and 50% by weight, preferably between 20 and 30% by weight of untreated or non-steam-treated wooden strands and between 50 and 90% by weight, preferably between 70 and 80% by weight of steam-treated wooden strands.
  • the step of steam treatment of the wooden strands can be carried out separately from the manufacturing process for the OSB wood-based panels. Accordingly, in this embodiment variant of the present method, the steam treatment takes place outside of the overall process or the process line.
  • the wooden strands are removed from the manufacturing process and transferred to the Steam treatment device (e.g. steaming system) introduced.
  • the steam-treated wooden strands can then be reintroduced into the conventional manufacturing process, if necessary after intermediate storage, for example immediately before gluing. This enables a high degree of flexibility in the manufacturing process.
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands can be integrated into the manufacturing process of the OSB wood-based panels in yet another variant, i.e. the steam treatment step is integrated into the overall process or process line and takes place online.
  • the steam treatment can i) take place immediately after the chipping and provision of the wooden strands or ii) only after the sifting and separation of the wooden strands in accordance with the use of the wooden strands for the middle or top layer.
  • a separate steam treatment of the wooden strands can be carried out according to the requirements for the wooden strands used in the middle and top layers.
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands is carried out in at least one steaming system, preferably in two steaming systems.
  • the vapor deposition system used in the present case can be present or function as a batch system or as a continuously operated system, a continuously operated system being preferred.
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands used for the middle layer and the outer layers of the OSB wood-based panel can each be carried out separately in at least two steaming systems.
  • This enables the degree of steaming of the steam-treated wooden strands used in the middle and / or top layer to be adapted to the respective requirements and customer requests.
  • the two vaporization systems used are preferably connected or arranged in parallel.
  • the bringing of the wooden strands into contact with the at least one binding agent in step d) is preferably carried out by spraying or atomizing the binding agent onto the wooden strands.
  • Many OSB systems work with rotating coils (drums with atomizer glue). Mixer gluing would also be possible.
  • the strands are intimately mixed with the glue in a mixer using rotating blades.
  • a polymer adhesive is preferably used as a binder, which is selected from the group containing formaldehyde adhesives, such as urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive (UF) and / or melamine-formaldehyde resin adhesive (MF), polyurethane adhesives , Epoxy resin adhesives, polyester adhesives.
  • formaldehyde adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive (UF) and / or melamine-formaldehyde resin adhesive (MF), polyurethane adhesives , Epoxy resin adhesives, polyester adhesives.
  • the use of a polyurethane adhesive is preferred, the polyurethane adhesive being based on aromatic polyisocyanates, in particular polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and / or diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), with PMDI being particularly preferred.
  • PMDI polydiphenylmethane di
  • the steam-treated and non-steam-treated wooden strands are glued with an amount of binding agent of 1.0 to 5.0% by weight, preferably 2 to 4% by weight, in particular 3% by weight (based on the total amount of wooden strands).
  • the flame retardant can typically be added in an amount between 1 and 20% by weight, preferably between 5 and 15% by weight, particularly preferably 10% by weight, based on the total amount of the wooden strands.
  • Typical flame retardants are selected from the group comprising phosphates, sulfates, borates, in particular ammonium polyphosphate, tris (tri-bromoneopentyl) phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols.
  • the glued (steam-treated and / or non-steam-treated) wooden strands are sprinkled on a conveyor belt with the formation of a first cover layer along the transport direction, then with the formation of a middle layer transversely to the transport direction and finally with the formation of a second cover layer along the transport direction.
  • the glued wooden strands After being sprinkled on, the glued wooden strands are pressed at temperatures between 200 and 250 ° C., preferably 220 and 230 ° C., to form an OSB wood-based panel.
  • the present method enables the production of an OSB wood-based panel with reduced emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which comprises steam-treated wooden strands.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • the present OSB wood-based panel can consist entirely of steam-treated wooden strands or a mixture of steam-treated and non-steam-treated wooden strands.
  • both outer layers and the middle layer of the OSB consist of steam-treated wooden strands
  • the two outer layers consist of non-steam-treated wooden strands and the middle layer consist of steam-treated wooden strands
  • the two outer layers consist of steam-treated wooden strands and the middle layer made of non-steam-treated wooden beaches.
  • the present OSB wood-based panel can have a bulk density between 300 and 1000 kg / m 3 , preferably between 500 and 800 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably between 500 and 600 kg / m 3 .
  • the thickness of the present OSB wood-based panel can be between 5 and 50 mm, preferably between 10 and 40 mm, a thickness between 15 and 25 mm being particularly preferred.
  • the OSB wood-based panel produced with the present method has a reduced emission of aldehydes released during the wood digestion, in particular pentanal or hexanal, and / or terpenes, in particular carene and pinene.
  • the release of aldehydes occurs during the machining process and the associated aqueous processing and cleaning of the wooden strands.
  • Specific aldehydes can be formed from the basic building blocks of cellulose or hemicellulose.
  • the aldehyde furfural is formed from mono- and disaccharides of cellulose or hemicellulose, while aromatic aldehydes can be released from lignin.
  • the aliphatic aldehydes saturated and unsaturated are formed by the fragmentation of fatty acids with the participation of oxygen.
  • Typical acyclic terpenes are terpene hydrocarbons such as myrcene, terpene alcohols such as gerianol, linaool, ipsinol and terpene aldehydes such as citral.
  • Typical representatives of the monocyclic terpenes are p-menthane, terpeninol, limonene or carvone, and typical representatives of the bicyclic terpenes are carane, pinane, bornane, 3-carene and ⁇ -pinene being particularly important.
  • Terpenes are components of tree resins and are therefore particularly present in very resinous tree species such as pine or spruce.
  • organic acids in particular the emission of acetic acid from OSB wood-based panels, can also be reduced.
  • Organic acids occur in particular as cleavage products of the wood components cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, whereby alkanoic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid or aromatic acids are preferably formed.
  • the vapor deposition system can be designed to be continuous.
  • the wooden strands are applied to a tramsport belt, which guides the wooden strands through the steaming system at a specified speed.
  • the wooden strands are evenly sprayed with water vapor, which is introduced from nozzles provided above the conveyor belt.
  • the steaming system can be provided in front of (upstream) the device for sifting and separating the wooden strands. In this case, all wooden beaches are subjected to steam treatment.
  • two steaming systems may be provided behind (downstream) the device for sifting and separating the wooden strands.
  • one steam treatment system is used for the steam treatment of the wooden strands that are provided for the middle layer
  • the other steam treatment system for the steam treatment of the wooden strands that are provided for the top layers. This enables an optional steam treatment of the wooden strands for the middle layer or the wooden strands for the top layers.
  • FIG 1 shows a variant of a device 10 for the steam treatment of wooden strands.
  • the device comprises a (thermally insulated) tubular body 11 with a perforated conveyor belt 12 running through the tubular body 11.
  • a collecting means 15 for the water vapor condensate that forms is provided below the conveyor belt 12.
  • the present device 10 enables the strands to be steamed before the strands are dried in the drum dryer. All or parts of the strands that are intended for the later manufacture of the OSB can be treated. The treatment takes place at normal pressure and, thanks to the use of the metal mesh conveyor belt 12, the strands are treated homogeneously with steam.
  • the belt of the transport device is dimensioned so that the strands cannot fall through the gaps.
  • the strands are transferred to the conveyor belt 12, which runs through the tubular body 11, immediately after production.
  • the strands are distributed on the conveyor belt 12 in such a way that a homogeneous flow of water vapor through the strands is possible. Separation stations positioned at regular intervals ensure the dissolution of existing or forming beach piles.
  • the conveyor belt 12 Since the conveyor belt 12 is cooled by the condensate which forms when the strands are heated and has a relatively high mass compared to the strands, the belt must be heated before the strands are scattered. This accelerates the heating of the beaches and thus reduces the duration of the steam treatment.
  • the heating can take place by resistance heating or by radiation.
  • the steam is then applied to the strands from above through nozzles 14.
  • the steam has a temperature of approx. 100 ° C.
  • the insulation of the metal tube 11 ensures that the heat losses are as low as possible.
  • the condensate that forms is collected under the transport device 12, freed of suspended matter and, after a cleaning step, returned to the system to remove dissolved matter.
  • the dwell time of the strands in the saturated steam atmosphere is 5 to 15 minutes.
  • the progress of the beach warming is determined by thermal sensors at regular intervals.
  • the temperature of the beaches should be close to 90 ° C at the end of the treatment.
  • step 1 suitable wood starting material for the production of the wooden strands is initially provided. All conifers, hardwoods or mixtures thereof are suitable as the starting material for wood.
  • the debarking (step 2) and the chipping (step 3) of the wood raw material takes place in suitable chippers, whereby the size of the wood strand can be controlled accordingly.
  • the wooden strands After the wooden strands have been comminuted and made available, they may be subjected to a pre-drying process, with a moisture content of 5-10% in relation to the initial moisture content of the wooden strands being set (not shown).
  • the wooden strands are introduced into a steaming system (step 4).
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands takes place in a temperature range between 80 ° and 120 ° C at a pressure between 0.5 bar and 2 bar.
  • the resulting condensate can be collected and the substances washed out of the wooden strands (terpenes, aldehydes) can be used for further use from the condensate.
  • the steam-treated wooden strands are dried (step 9), sifted and separated (step 5).
  • step 6a There is a separation in wooden strands for use as a middle layer (step 6a) or as a top layer (step 6b) with respective gluing.
  • the glued, steam-treated wooden strands are sprinkled on a conveyor belt in the order first lower cover layer, middle layer and second upper cover layer (step 7) and then pressed to form an OSB wood-based panel (step 8).
  • the second embodiment shown is the wood starting material in analogy to Figure 1 first provided (step 1), debarked (step 2) and machined (step 3). If necessary, the wooden strands are subjected to a pre-drying process, with a moisture content of 5-10% in relation to the initial moisture content of the wooden strands being set (step 3a).
  • a separation in wooden strands for use as a middle layer or as a top layer takes place after the optional drying (step 5).
  • step 4a the steam treatment of the wooden strands intended for the middle layer
  • step 4b the steam treatment of the wooden strands intended for the top layer (s)
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands takes place in a temperature range between 80 ° and 120 ° C at a pressure between 0.5 bar and 2 bar.
  • the resulting condensate can be collected and the substances washed out of the wooden strands (terpenes, aldehydes) can be used from the condensate for further use.
  • step 9a, 9b After completion of the steam treatment, which in the present case takes about 10-20 minutes, the steam-treated wooden strands are dried (step 9a, 9b) and glued (steps 6a, b).
  • the glued, water-treated wooden strands are sprinkled on a conveyor belt in the sequence first lower cover layer, middle layer and second upper cover layer (step 7) and then pressed to form an OSB wood-based panel (step 8).
  • the OSB wood-based panel obtained is made up in a suitable manner.
  • Embodiment 1 Strands are produced from pine trunks (length: max. 200 mm, width: 20 mm, thickness: max. 1 mm, humidity max. 50%) and treated with steam at around 100 ° C in a continuous process.
  • the strands are loosely piled up on a conveyor belt, which has perforations and thus allows the steam to pass through after passing through the strands.
  • the steam treatment was preferably carried out from top to bottom.
  • the conveyor belt is guided through a tubular body. Preferably they are above the conveyor belt with the loosely poured strands Nozzles are attached, which distribute the steam evenly over the strands.
  • the treatment with steam takes about 15 minutes.The steam treatment takes place with the greatest possible exclusion of oxygen, so that one can speak of a reductive process management.
  • the tube body has a diameter of 50 cm and a length of 3 m to achieve a residence time of about 15 minutes.
  • the conveyor belt was moved through the pipe body at a speed of about 2 m / 10 minutes. In the feed direction, the pipe body was angled slightly upwards (2 to 10 degrees) so that the condensate that formed could easily be caught. This is a test facility with which the effect should be demonstrated. For a production plant, this can be enlarged and easily optimized by a person skilled in the art in terms of transport speed and quantity.
  • the strands are then dried in a conventional drum dryer.
  • the energy requirement of the drum dryer is significantly reduced, as the strands already have a temperature of around 90 ° C when they enter the dryer.
  • they are glued in a coil with adhesive, preferably with PMDI (approx. 3% by weight on absolutely dry wood).
  • the glued stands are scattered in a standard OSB system as a top and middle layer.
  • the percentage distribution between the middle and top layers is preferably 70% to 30%.
  • the strands are pressed into panels with a gross density of around 570 kg / m3. After a storage time of one week, the test plate was tested for the VOC release together with a standard plate of the same thickness in a microchamber.
  • Chamber parameters temperature: 23 ° C; Humidity: 0%; Air flow: 150 ml / min; Air change: 188 / h; Loading: 48.8 m 2 / m 3 ; Sample surface: 0.003 m 2 ; Chamber volume: 48 ml.
  • parameter Test plate [ ⁇ g / m2 xh] Standard board [ ⁇ g / m2 xh] Hexanal 194 1474 3-carene 208 626 ⁇ -pinene 181 925 Pentane al - 155 ⁇ -pinene - 285 2-octenal 60 115 Table 1
  • the top layer consists of standard strands.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
EP19201042.9A 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Osb-holzwerkstoffplatte Active EP3620282B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES19201042T ES2904805T3 (es) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Plancha de materia derivada de la madera OSB
EP19201042.9A EP3620282B1 (de) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Osb-holzwerkstoffplatte
PL19201042T PL3620282T3 (pl) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Płyta drewnopochodna osb
PT192010429T PT3620282T (pt) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Painel à base de madeira osb
HUE19201042A HUE057379T2 (hu) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 OSB faalapú lap

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19201042.9A EP3620282B1 (de) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Osb-holzwerkstoffplatte
EP17167974.9A EP3395520B1 (de) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Verfahren zur herstellung von osb-holzwerkstoffplatten mit reduzierter emission an flüchtigen organischen verbindungen (vocs)

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EP19201042.9A Active EP3620282B1 (de) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Osb-holzwerkstoffplatte
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ES2904805T3 (es) * 2017-04-25 2022-04-06 SWISS KRONO Tec AG Plancha de materia derivada de la madera OSB
HRP20220416T1 (hr) 2020-02-28 2022-05-27 Fiberboard Gmbh Postupak i sustav obrade radi smanjenje hlapljivih organskih spojeva iz drvene sječke

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PL3395520T3 (pl) 2020-05-18
US11904496B2 (en) 2024-02-20
EP3395520A1 (de) 2018-10-31
CA3060986A1 (en) 2018-11-01
ES2767090T3 (es) 2020-06-16
EP3615288B1 (de) 2023-07-05
RU2728871C1 (ru) 2020-07-31
US11007668B2 (en) 2021-05-18
US20210245391A1 (en) 2021-08-12
PT3395520T (pt) 2020-02-03
EP3395520B1 (de) 2019-10-30
PL3620282T3 (pl) 2022-02-21
CN112476694B (zh) 2022-06-28
HUE048530T2 (hu) 2020-07-28
CN110545971A (zh) 2019-12-06
WO2018197094A1 (de) 2018-11-01
PT3620282T (pt) 2022-01-13
EP3615288A1 (de) 2020-03-04
EP3615288C0 (de) 2023-07-05
CN110545971B (zh) 2020-11-03
US20200108523A1 (en) 2020-04-09
ES2904805T3 (es) 2022-04-06
EP3620282A1 (de) 2020-03-11
ES2958617T3 (es) 2024-02-12
CA3060986C (en) 2023-08-15
PL3615288T3 (pl) 2023-12-18
HUE057379T2 (hu) 2022-05-28
HUE063434T2 (hu) 2024-01-28
CN112476694A (zh) 2021-03-12

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