EP3616949B1 - Dispositif de chauffage - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3616949B1
EP3616949B1 EP18382624.7A EP18382624A EP3616949B1 EP 3616949 B1 EP3616949 B1 EP 3616949B1 EP 18382624 A EP18382624 A EP 18382624A EP 3616949 B1 EP3616949 B1 EP 3616949B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chassis
heating
plate
inner chamber
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18382624.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3616949A1 (fr
Inventor
Xoan Xosé Hermida Domínguez
José Antonio SANROMÁN PRADO
Alejandro VARGAS CURTO
Matías BALEATO PEÓN
José Miguel SÁNCHEZ LOBATO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Original Assignee
BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH filed Critical BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Priority to EP18382624.7A priority Critical patent/EP3616949B1/fr
Priority to CN201910694446.1A priority patent/CN110861466B/zh
Priority to US16/546,974 priority patent/US11571950B2/en
Publication of EP3616949A1 publication Critical patent/EP3616949A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3616949B1 publication Critical patent/EP3616949B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B60H1/2221—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating an intermediate liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/0072—Special adaptations
    • F24H1/009—Special adaptations for vehicle systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2268—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/2271—Heat exchangers, burners, ignition devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating device for use in vehicles, particularly to a device for heating a fluid, for example air, water, or liquid coolant.
  • the device is particularly designed for vehicles the main propulsion system of which is not a combustion engine and which therefore lack residual heat generated by the engine.
  • the present invention relates to a heating device comprising a chassis with a planar configuration and an inner chamber in fluid communication with an inlet port and an outlet port and a heating plate.
  • the chassis comprises at least one window and the heating plate has a heating region closing the window of the chassis for heating the fluid housed in the inner chamber.
  • a heating device according to the preamble of claim 1 is disclosed in EP 0 104 673 A2
  • Electrical fluid heating systems are used in hybrid and electric vehicles for controlling the temperature of the cabin, for defrosting, or for conditioning batteries, which are highly sensitive to extreme temperatures. These systems are powered by batteries of the vehicle and generally comprise one or more electrical resistors generating heat by the Joule effect. The heat thereby generated is transmitted to a fluid with which it is in thermal contact, for example water, liquid coolant, or air.
  • electrical resistors are in direct contact with the fluid which is often electrically conductive.
  • the resistors are inserted into the chamber through which the fluid to be heated circulates, and a large number of sealing gaskets that withstand the high temperatures of the resistors and the action of the fluid must be used. These gaskets must also assure leak-tightness when they are subjected to straining due to thermal expansion, since the resistors reach high temperatures with respect to the body holding it and can undergo significant expansions.
  • the resistors are housed in cavities giving rise to protuberances inside the chambers through which the fluid to be heated circulates.
  • the resistors are separated from the fluid to be heated establishing a barrier to the passage of heat, and there are large pressure drops in the flows of the heated fluid as it is forced to go through the protuberances.
  • the systems must be leak-tight and prevent fluid leakages which damage the heating system or other elements of the vehicle.
  • sealing gaskets which assure that the heat-generating elements and the fluid circuit are duly isolated in order to prevent both fluid losses and the risk of short-circuits.
  • the sealing gaskets must be elastically deformable and adaptable to the shape of the gasket of the area to be isolated.
  • the gaskets must also withstand the high temperatures reached during the operation of the device. Even if the sealing gaskets fulfill the preceding conditions, leakages may occur as a result of material deterioration either due to heat, vibrations, or aging of the gasket material.
  • the processes for manufacturing devices with a large number of sealing gaskets are demanding in terms of manpower, machinery, and material, resulting in a significant increase in the cost of the heating device. If the devices are intended for use in a vehicle, they must also be lightweight, resistant to vibrations and impacts, and protected from dirt, dust, and other environmental agents, in addition to withstanding the action of the fluid circulating through the inside thereof.
  • a device having these features is difficult and expensive to manufacture, with the risk of fluid loss due to gasket failure not being eliminated, and with the obtained devices suffering significant pressure drops.
  • the present invention allows overcoming the preceding problems in a simple and cost-effective manner by means of a device according to the claim.
  • the present invention proposes a solution to the preceding problems by means of a heating device according to claim 1.
  • Said heating device drastically reduces the use of sealing gaskets, thereby increasing safety and manufacturability, and has a configuration in which lower pressure drops have been proven to be obtained in the heated fluid flow.
  • the present invention provides a heating device for use in a vehicle and configured for heating a fluid circulating between an inlet port and an outlet port.
  • the fluid to be heated circulates through a conduit in which the device according to the first inventive aspect is interposed.
  • the device comprises an inlet port through which the fluid to be heated enters and an outlet port through which the hot fluid exits when said device is in the operative mode.
  • the device according to the invention comprises:
  • Chassis is understood to be a frame which has a structural function and additionally has, in an essential manner, the final shape of the component, allowing various additional components until the complete device, which in this case is the heater, is configured.
  • the shape defined by the chassis comprises an inner chamber which is in fluid communication with the inlet port for feeding the fluid to be heated, and with the outlet port for the fluid to exit once it is heated when the device is in the operative mode.
  • planar configuration of the device is advantageous for several reasons: on one hand, it allows a good ratio between the surface for the transmission of heat to the fluid to be heated and the volume of fluid circulating through the interior thereof, and the configuration of the device is very compact.
  • the heating plate or heating plates if they are several of them, to be easily manufactured even when they are configured with several stratified layers.
  • the planar configuration of the chassis is adapted to this shape of the heating plate. The assembly thereby configured allows a compact arrangement of the assembly of the device.
  • the inner chamber is advantageously formed as a hollow volume inside the chassis.
  • the chassis comprises at least one window making the volume of the inner chamber accessible from the outside such that the heating plate closes the window or windows of the inner chamber in a leak-tight manner.
  • the heating plate has at least one heating region and this region is oriented towards the inside of the inner chamber. Therefore, in the operative mode, when the fluid to be heated goes through the inside of the inner chamber and the heating plate is activated, the heating region heats the fluid which is in direct communication or contact with said region.
  • the heating region must be interpreted as a region of the area of the heating plate intended for transferring heat to the fluid which is in contact with said area.
  • the heating plate has resistors that do not have to be located in the heating region, but generate heat which is transferred to the fluid through the heating region.
  • the heating plate is a Peltier plate, such that it pumps heat from one of its surfaces to another surface, which is where the heating region is located when the Peltier plate is electrically energized.
  • the chassis with the exception of the window, the inlet port, and the outlet port, is leak-tight.
  • the assembly of the device forms a route or path for the fluid to be heated which starts from the inlet port, goes through the inner chamber, and ends up in the outlet port.
  • the heating region of the heating plate must be oriented towards the inside of the inner chamber such that, in the operative mode, it is in thermal contact with the fluid circulating through the inner chamber.
  • Water, liquid coolant, air, or thermal oil can be mentioned as examples of fluids to be heated.
  • chassis has a planar configuration, it is possible to define a main reference plane and two faces located opposite one another.
  • the device with a planar configuration comprises two windows, one on each of the main faces of the chassis.
  • Each of the windows comprises the corresponding heating plate which allows closing the inner chamber in a leak-tight manner and heating the fluid.
  • the chassis forms primarily the side walls of the conduits which are part of the inner chamber as well as the seats on which the heating plates rest. These heating plates establish the leak-tight closure of the inner chamber and define the heating regions which now configure the surfaces of the inner chamber intended for transferring heat to the fluid operatively circulating through the interior thereof.
  • the window or windows are divided into smaller openings by means of portions of the chassis.
  • the chassis is configured such that the fluid follows a path comprising one or more segments with a change in direction of the fluid, giving rise to a longer path, maintaining the compactness of the device.
  • the configurations of interest include, among others, a U-shaped configuration with two straight segments and a curved, intermediate connecting segment, an S-shaped segment having two curved, intermediate connecting segments, or as will be described below, a configuration with three curved intermediate segments giving rise to a W-shaped configuration.
  • the advantage of the U- and W-shaped configurations is that it is possible to place the inlet port and the outlet port on one and the same side of the device, allowing simpler and quicker assemblies.
  • the present invention relates to a heating device (D) for use in a vehicle and configured for heating a fluid circulating between an inlet port (I) and an outlet port (0).
  • Positional references such as lower, upper, right, left, front, or rear will refer at all times to the orientation shown in the figure being described at that time.
  • the heating device (D) comprises a chassis (1) with a planar configuration extending according to a plane which is identified as the main plane (P).
  • the chassis (1) comprises two half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) attached to one another in the main plane (P).
  • Figure 2 shows one of the two half-chassis (1.1), i.e., the lower half-chassis, as well as the inlet port (I) and the outlet port (0) configured by means of a spigot.
  • This spigot allows, for example, connecting the heating device (D) with a conduit through which the fluid to be heated circulates, leaving the heating device (D) intercalated in said conduit.
  • the chassis (1) of the embodiment is a metallic chassis and the attachment between the two half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) is by means of brazing, or alternatively by means of laser welding.
  • each half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) comprises a perimetral flange with a configuration complementary to the other perimetral flange, such that the two half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) are welded together through these perimetral flanges.
  • At least one half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) is made of steel. According to another embodiment, at least one half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) is made of injected aluminum or aluminum stamped and punched from a flat plate. According to another embodiment, at least one half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) is made of stainless steel. According to another embodiment, one half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) is made of one material and the other half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) of another different material.
  • the two half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) are identical such that it is only necessary to manufacture a mold and build the chassis (1) by attaching these two identical parts.
  • Both the half-chassis (1.1) located in the bottom part of Figure 1 and the half-chassis (1.2) located in the top part have windows (1.1.2, 1.2.2) the perimeter of which is limited by support seats (1.1.1, 1.2.1).
  • the support seats (1.1.1, 1.2.1) of the lower half-chassis (1.1) and the upper half-chassis (1.2) are contained in respective planes parallel to the main plane (P), such that a first heating plate (2) rests on the seats (1.1.1) of the lower half-chassis (1.1) and a second heating plate (3) rests on the seats (1.2.1) of the upper half-chassis (1.2), with the two heating plates (2, 3) closing the corresponding windows (1.1.2, 1.2.2) and therefore configuring an also closed inner chamber (C) communicated with the inlet port (I) and the outlet port (0).
  • the chassis (1) with a planar configuration shows two main faces, a first face (A) arranged on one side of the main plane (P) and a second face (B) arranged on the opposite side according to the same main plane (P).
  • Each of the heating plates (2, 3) is located on one face (A) and another face (B) of the chassis (1), respectively.
  • the attachment of the heating plates (2, 3) with the chassis (1) through the seats (1.1.1, 1.2.1) in this embodiment is by means of laser welding since the face of the heating plate (2, 3) oriented towards its corresponding seat (1.1.1, 1.2.1) is a metallic face.
  • Another alternative attachment mode is by means of adhesive or by means of brazing. This attachment assures the leak-tight closure of the inner chamber (C).
  • the chassis (1), the windows (1.1.2, 1.2.2), and the corresponding seats (1.1.1, 1.2.1) are not coplanar and comprise at least one step, such that the windows (1.1.2, 1.2.2) are closed by means of a plurality of heating plates (2, 3).
  • the inner chamber (C) places the inlet port (I) in fluid communication with the outlet port (0) according to a path formed by straight segments (TRR) as well as curved segments (TRC), giving rise to a change in direction.
  • the prismatic straight segments (TRR) show portions of the volume of the inner chamber (C) having an essentially rectangular section where the larger sides of the rectangular section are defined by the upper and lower heating plates (2, 3) and the smaller sides are defined by the walls demarcated by the chassis (1). These smaller sides according to embodiments are also curved to prevent corners and stagnation regions in the fluid flowing through the inner chamber (C).
  • the chassis (1) comprises conical nozzles (1.7) or manifolds.
  • the curved segments (TRC) are segments in the shape of a 180° arc of a circle and comprise at least one baffle (1.4), also a segment in the shape of an arc of a circle, located in the center such that it divides the volume of the curved segment (TRC) into two channels (CH).
  • the baffles (1.4) of this embodiment are configured in two half-parts, each of the half-parts belonging to a half-chassis (1.1, 1.2). The attachment of the two half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) also gives rise to the attachment of the half-parts of the baffle (1.4).
  • the path is identified by means of a discontinuous line (T) the configuration of which is W-shaped; in other words, a first straight departing segment (TRR) starting from the inlet port (I), a first curve (TRC), a first straight return segment (TRR), a second curve (TRC), a second straight departing segment (TRR), a third curve (TRC), and finally a second straight return segment (TRR) which communicates with the outlet port (0).
  • T discontinuous line
  • the device (D) maintains a very compact configuration and at the same time the path of the fluid is long; furthermore the inlet port (I) and outlet port (0) are arranged parallel to one another and on one and the same side wall of the chassis (1).
  • “Side wall” of the chassis (1) is understood to be one or more wall segments of the chassis (1) extending in the direction perpendicular to the main plane (P) connecting both faces (A, B) of the chassis (1).
  • baffle (1.4) the segment of which is in the shape of an arc of a circle has been incorporated for accelerating and guiding the fluid; nevertheless, it is possible to include a larger number of baffles (1.4) the segments of which are in the shape of an arc, also giving rise to a larger number of channels (CH) parallel to one another.
  • each of the heating plates (2, 3) comprises a heating element (2.1, 3.1) made up of a plurality of metal tracks or strips, a layer of dielectric material (2.2, 3.2), and a structural plate (2.3, 3.3) that are stacked together. Therefore, the stacking according to this embodiment is as follows:
  • the structural plate (2.3, 3.3) is intended for being oriented towards the inner chamber (C) such that the layer is in direct contact with the fluid to be heated.
  • the metal tracks making up the heating element (2.1, 3.1) form a circuit of resistors which generate heat when powered by a power supply.
  • the heating plate (2, 3) is covered by a protective sheet (2.5, 3.5) which prevents direct access to the metal tracks of the heating elements (2.1, 3.1), preventing short-circuits or preventing a person from being able to receive an accidental electric discharge, for example.
  • the structural plate (2.3, 3.3) is a metal plate which offers high thermal conductivity and facilitates the transfer of heat generated by the metal tracks acting as resistors with respect to the fluid with which it is in contact.
  • the heating region (R) is the portion of the area of the structural plate (2.3, 3.3) which coincides with the window (1.1.2, 1.2.2) and through which a heat flow to the fluid with which it is in direct contact is established when the heating device (D) is in the operative mode.
  • the chassis (1) has a plurality of windows (1.1.2, 1.2.2) on either side of the main plane (P) and all the windows (1.1.2) of one side are closed by means of the lower heating plate (2) and all the windows (1.2.2) of the other side are closed by means of the upper heating plate (3). This is possible because all the seats (1.1.1, 1.2.1) of each of the sides of the chassis (1) are coplanar.
  • the heating plates (2, 3) comprise sets of electrical connectors (2.4, 3.4) for powering the electric circuit formed by the heating elements (2.1, 3.1).
  • these electrical connectors (2.4, 3.4) are strips made of a conductive material which are attached by means of welding to the ends of the tracks extending over the heating plate (2, 3).
  • These electrical connectors (2.3, 3.4) power the heating elements (2.1, 3.1).
  • a heating plate may have one or more heating elements (2.1, 3.1).
  • each of the heating plates (2, 3) comprises several heating elements (2.1, 3.1), each of which is configured as a metal track, each being parallel to one another, and each one having an independent power supply.
  • Each of the heating elements (2.1, 3.1) has at least two electrical connectors (2.4, 3.4), one at each end of the heating element (2.1, 3.1), which are in electric communication with an electronic board or PCB (5), PCB being the abbreviation of "printed circuit board", intended for powering each of the heating elements (2.1, 3.1) in a controlled manner.
  • the electrical connectors (2.4, 3.4) protrude transversely from the heating plate or plates (2, 3) until reaching the electronic board (5).
  • the chassis (1) with a planar configuration comprises a heating plate (2, 3) on each of the faces (A, B) closing one or more windows (1.1.2, 1.2.2).
  • the heating plates (2, 3) have the heating region (R) oriented towards the inner cavity (C) of the chassis (1) such that the heat generated in the heating elements (2.1, 3.1) of each of the heating plates (2, 3) is transferred to the fluid housed in the inner chamber (C) through the heating region (R).
  • the heating plates (2, 3) have a free face, the face opposite the face on which the heating region (R) is located. The temperature of this free face also increases, but it is not a surface for the transfer of heat to the fluid.
  • this free surface of the heating plate (2, 3) is covered by a protective element to prevent direct contact with the heating plate (2, 3), for example by means of a protective sheet.
  • the free surface of the heating plate (2, 3) is covered by a thermal insulator, forcing the heat generated in the heating plate (2, 3) to be transferred to the fluid through the heating region and not to the outside through the free surface.
  • the heating device (D) comprises at least:
  • this stacked configuration is extended with a larger number of chassis (1) with a planar configuration and a plurality of heating plates (2), leaving a heating plate (2) interposed between two consecutive chassis (1) such that the face of each chassis (1) oriented towards a heating plate (2) has a window (1.1.2) for accessing the inner chamber (C) thereof, this inner chamber (C) being closed by the heating plate (2).
  • the plurality of chassis (1) according to this stacked configuration can arrange the flow paths (T) between the inlet port (I) and the outlet port (0) in parallel for heating a larger fluid flow, or in series for increasing the temperature to a greater extent according to a scale of temperature ranges.
  • a specific configuration places the heating element or elements (2.1) of the heating plate (2) in a position such that the sectional structure of the heating plate is symmetrical.
  • the electronic board (5) is flat and located parallel to the main plane (P) above the chassis (1).
  • the electrical connectors (3.4) of the heating elements (3.1) of the upper heating plate (3) protrude perpendicular to the main plane (P) until reaching the electronic board (5).
  • the electrical connectors (2.4) of the heating elements (2.1) of the lower heating plate (2) first extend parallel to the main plane (P) until going past the side of the chassis (1) and then protrude perpendicular to the main plane (P) also until reaching the electronic board (5).
  • Both the electrical connectors (2.4) starting from the lower heating plate (2) and the electrical connectors (3.4) starting from the upper heating plate (3) have segments perpendicular to the main plane (P). These segments may simply be transverse to the main plane (P). "Transverse to a surface” is understood to describe both a perpendicular direction with respect to a surface and an oblique direction with respect to a surface, and excludes the directions substantially parallel to said surface.
  • Both electrical connectors (2.4, 3.4) are attached to the tracks of the electronic board (5) by means of different contacts (5.2, 5.3) for receiving the electrical connectors (2.4) of the lower heating plate (2) and for receiving the electrical connectors (3.4) of the upper heating plate (3).
  • Each of the heating elements (2.1, 3.1) receives energy in a controlled manner, i.e., it is powered by means of one or more electronic components, preferably switching devices (5.4). These switching devices (5.4) allow selectively connecting and disconnecting the power supply, i.e., perform controlled switching of the current.
  • the switching devices (5.4) are IGBT (insulated-gate bipolar transistor)-type or MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor)-type transistors.
  • the switching device or devices (5.4) receive energy from a high-voltage line and transmit it in switched form to the heating elements (2.1, 3.1).
  • the switching device or devices (5.4) are controlled through the injection of current to the gate of the device by means of a control circuit powered by a low-voltage line.
  • the high-voltage circuit comprises a high-voltage power supply connector (7) and the low-voltage circuit comprises a low-voltage power supply connector (6).
  • high voltage and low voltage must be understood as references to a first supply voltage of the device and to a second supply voltage of the device, respectively, the first voltage or high voltage being greater than the second voltage or low voltage.
  • the switching devices are IGBT transistors (5.4).
  • the chassis (1) comprises a group of cooling fins (1.3) protruding from the side oriented towards the electronic board (5) and reaching the lower face of said electronic board (5) in the position in which the IGBT transistors (5.4) are located.
  • the temperature of the chassis (1) may increase due to the fact that it is a device intended for increasing the temperature of the fluid circulating therethrough by means of the heating elements (2.1, 3.1), the temperature is relatively cold with respect to the temperature which the IGBT switching transistors (5.4) can reach.
  • the group of fins (1.3) is metallic and attached to the chassis (1) by brazing.
  • the group of cooling fins (1.3) contacts the electronic board (5).
  • the end of the group of cooling fins (1.3) has a surface (1.3.1) for contact with the IGBT transistors (5.4) in the form of a plate to facilitate thermal communication between the IGBT transistors (5.4) and the group of cooling fins (1.3).
  • the group of cooling fins (1.3) is formed by one or more bands of conductive material bent in the form of a bellows, such that the ridges of one side are in thermal contact with the electronic board (5), and the ridges of the opposite side are in thermal contact with the chassis (1).
  • the chassis (1) is housed in a shell (4) formed in turn by a lower cover (4.2) or first cover and an upper cover (4.3) or second cover.
  • the shell (4) comprises a support plate (4.1) configured in this embodiment by means of an independent part which serves to fix the chassis (1) together with its heating plates (2, 3) on one hand, and the electronic board (5) on the other hand.
  • the support plate (4.1) furthermore has a perforation or window in its central part such that the group of cooling fins (1.3) can go through the support plate (4.1).
  • the chassis (1) is located in the lower part, the support plate (4.1) is located thereabove, and the electronic board (5) is located on the support plate (4.1).
  • the support plate (4.1) has first supporting pins (4.1.3) which are located laterally with respect to the chassis (1) and extend perpendicular to the main plane (P) until reaching the lower cover (4.2) where they rest.
  • the support plate (4.1) also has second shorter supporting pins (4.1.4) that rest on the chassis (1), being housed in perforations (1.5) that allow the passage and attachment thereof, such that a fixing is established between the support plate (4.1) and the chassis (1).
  • the first supporting pins (4.1.3) establish the fixing on the lower cover (4.2) of the shell (4), and on the rear side of the support plate (4.1) there is a rear supporting strip (4.1.5) which, together with two side supporting strips (4.1.6), establish the support of the four sides the support plate (4.1) shows on the lower cover (4.2) of the shell (4).
  • the attachment between the support plate (4.1) and the electronic board (5) is an attachment that establishes mutual separation.
  • the attachment is carried out by means of a plurality of insertion anchors (4.1.2) configured in the form of rods protruding perpendicular to the support plate (4.1) and introduced by clipping into fixing perforations (5.1) located in the electronic board (5) in correspondence with the position of the anchors (4.1.2).
  • the support plate (4.1) shows a central passage window (4.1.1) allowing the passage of the group of cooling fins (1.3) therethrough to enable transferring the heat from the IGBT transistors (5.4) located on one side of the support plate (4.1) to the chassis (1) located on the other side of the support plate (4.1).
  • the shell (4) is configured for containing in a stacked arrangement:
  • the shell (4) is formed by a lower cover (4.2) and an upper cover (4.3) which are attached to form a leak-tight closure according to an oblique plane with respect to the reference plane (P).
  • Figure 6 shows the assembly sectioned according to a plane perpendicular to the main plane (P) with the front part of the device (D) eliminated in order to view the inside thereof.
  • the attachment of the lower cover (4.2) with the upper cover (4.3) by means of a sealing gasket (4.4) which is shown in an oblique position is seen.
  • This sealing gasket (4.3) is not in the chassis (1), so it is not subjected to the temperatures of the chassis (1).
  • the same view allows seeing, in a sectional view, the inner chamber (C) and its channels (CH) formed inside the chassis (1), the block of cooling fins (1.3) putting the IGBT transistors (5.4) in thermal communication with the chassis (1) going through the support plate (4.1), and the attachment between the support plate (4.1) and the electronic board (5).
  • This figure shows the support of the chassis (1) through a perimetral flange configuring the attachment between the two half-chassis (1.1, 1.2) in a perimetral step (4.2.1) of the lower cover (4.2).
  • Figure 7 also shows a section of the device (D) in which, instead of the front part, one side of the device (D) is now removed by means of the plane of section.
  • this midplane section in this view it is possible to see the connectors (2.4) of the lower heating plate (2) which are prolonged in the lower portion according to a direction parallel to the chassis (1), and raised upright after a 90° bend until reaching the electronic board (5).
  • the connectors (2.4) go through a reinforcing block (1.6) fixed to the chassis (1) which stiffens the connectors (2.4).
  • the electronic board (5) is vertically inserted by introducing the fixing perforations (5.1) on the anchors (4.1.2) by means of insertion, and the assembly of electrical connectors (2.4, 3.4) are introduced at the same time in the contacts (5.2, 5.3) for receiving said connectors (2.4, 3.4) .
  • the attachment of the upper cover (4.3) on the lower cover (4.2) through the oblique plane of attachment allows configuring a first side wall (4.2.2) on the lower cover (4.2) having larger dimensions than if the plane of attachment were parallel to the main plane (P) and established at mid-height.
  • a first side wall (4.2.2) on the lower cover (4.2) having larger dimensions than if the plane of attachment were parallel to the main plane (P) and established at mid-height.
  • the upper cover (4.3) comprises a second side wall (4.3.1) having larger dimensions than the rim of the opposite side.
  • This configuration allows the assembly of elements inside the shell (4), i.e., the chassis (1) incorporating the heating plates (2, 3), the support plate (4.1), and the electronic board (5), to form a unit that can be readily inserted into the shell (4) .
  • the shell has a prismatic configuration with a first base (4.2.3) and a second base (4.3.2) connected by means of side walls, where said shell (4) comprises a first cover, the lower cover (4.2), and a second cover, the upper cover (4.3), that are complementary to one another such that:
  • first base (4.2.3) and the second base (4.3.2) are bases of the prism which do not necessarily act as supports for the components inside or of the same shell (4).
  • the shell (4) has four fixing supports (4.5) formed by projections ending in perforated discs which allow the passage of fixing bolts.
  • the electronic board (5) is powered by means of two power supply connectors, a low-voltage power supply connector (6) for powering the control circuit, and a high-voltage power supply connector (7) providing the required energy to the heating elements (2.1, 3.1) controlled by means of IGBT transistors (5.4).
  • These two power supply connectors (6, 7) are oriented in the same direction as the inlet port (I) and outlet port (0) of the fluid to be heated such that the four elements (I, 0, 6, 7) show the same orientation.
  • the first side wall (4.2.2) has perforations for the passage of the four elements (I, 0, 6, 7), the inlet port (I), the outlet port (0), the low-voltage power supply connector (6), and the high-voltage power supply connector (7), so the assembly of elements inside the shell (4) can be inserted with a single insertion movement into the first side wall (4.2.2), followed by a movement parallel to the main plane (P) from the front.
  • This configuration therefore facilitates putting together the entire assembly, offering a single side for all the connections with a surface of the first side wall (4.2.2) where said connections are located clear of any flanges since the attachment between the lower cover (4.2) and the upper cover (4.3) is at a higher position.
  • the covers (4.2, 4.3) of the shell (4) are attached to one another by crimping.
  • the lower cover (4.2) is made of a plastic material and the upper cover (4.3) is made of steel, and both are attached to one another by means of crimping.
  • both covers are made of plastic and steel.
  • the covers are manufactured with a metallic material, for example, steel or aluminum.
  • the covers are manufactured with a plastic material, for example, polypropylene, polystyrene, or polyethylene terephthalate, so that they are more lightweight.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de chauffage (D) destiné à être utilisé dans un véhicule et configuré pour le chauffage d'un fluide circulant entre un port d'entrée (I) et un port de sortie (0), lequel le dispositif comprend :
    - un châssis (1) avec une configuration plane, comprenant une première face (A) et une deuxième face (B) agencées sur le côté à l'opposé de la première face (A), définissant une chambre interne (C) destinée au passage du fluide, dans lequel
    la chambre interne (C) comprend au moins une première fenêtre (1.1.2) agencée sur l'une des faces (A, B) du châssis (1) ;
    le port d'entrée (I) est en communication fluidique avec la chambre (C), et
    le port de sortie (0) et en communication fluidique avec la chambre (C) ;
    - une plaque de chauffage (2, 3) ;
    - au moins une région de chauffage (R) dans la plaque de chauffage (2, 3) ;
    dans lequel la plaque de chauffage (2, 3) est configurée pour la fermeture de l'au moins une fenêtre (1.1.2) de la chambre interne (C) de manière étanche, dans lequel la région de chauffage (R) de la plaque de chauffage (2, 3) est orientée vers l'intérieur de la chambre interne (C) pour le chauffage du fluide destiné à la circulation à travers la chambre interne (C), caractérisé en ce que
    la plaque de chauffage (2, 3) comprend en outre une couche de matériau diélectrique (2.2, 3.2) et une plaque structurelle (2.3, 3.3) qui sont empilées l'une sur l'autre, de telle sorte que :
    - le matériau diélectrique est interposé entre la plaque structurelle (2.3, 3.3) et l'élément de chauffage (2.1, 3.1), et
    - la région de chauffage (R) est située sur la surface de la plaque structurelle (2.3, 3.3) à l'opposé de la surface de la plaque structurelle (2.3, 3.3) en contact avec la couche de matériau diélectrique (2.2, 3.2).
  2. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre interne (C) comprend en outre une deuxième fenêtre (1.2.2), la première fenêtre (1.1.2) étant agencée sur l'une des faces (A) du châssis (1) et la deuxième fenêtre (1.2.2) étant agencée sur la face opposée (B) du châssis (1), et dans lequel le dispositif (D) comprend deux plaques de chauffage, une première plaque de chauffage (2) renfermant la première fenêtre (1.1.2) et une deuxième de chauffage (3) renfermant la deuxième fenêtre (1.2.2), dans lequel les régions de chauffage (R) des deux plaques de chauffage (2, 3) sont orientées vers l'intérieur de la chambre interne (C) pour le chauffage du fluide destiné pour la circulation à travers la chambre interne (C).
  3. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (1) avec une configuration plane comprend au moins un segment (TRC) destiné au changement de direction du débit de fluide devant être chauffé, et dans lequel dans ce segment (TRC) le châssis (1) comprend un déflecteur central (1.4) formant au moins deux canaux parallèles (CH) dans la chambre interne (C) .
  4. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la chambre interne (C) du châssis (1) comporte une configuration conformément à une voie interne essentiellement en forme de W (T), de telle sorte que le port d'entrée (I) et le port de sortie (0) sont agencés dans une seule et même paroi latérale du châssis (1), une paroi latérale étend une partie du châssis (1) s'étendant entre la première face (A) et la deuxième face (B), le port d'entrée (I) et le port de sortie (0) et entre communication fluidique l'un avec l'autre selon ladite voie interne.
  5. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la région de chauffage (R) de la plaque de chauffage (2, 3) est en communication thermique avec un élément de chauffage (2.1, 3.1), de préférence une ou plusieurs résistances, disposé sur la face de la plaque de chauffage (2, 3) à l'opposé de la face où la région de chauffage (R) est située.
  6. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (1) est fabriqué à l'aide d'un matériau thermiquement conducteur, de préférence de l'acier inoxydable ou de l'aluminium.
  7. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (1) est formé de deux demi-châssis (1.1, 1.2), un premier demi-châssis (1.1) comprenant la première fenêtre (1.1.2) et un deuxième demi-châssis (1.2) comprenant la deuxième fenêtre (1.2.2).
  8. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une coque (4) configurée pour contenir l'agencement empilé de :
    - l'ensemble formé par le châssis (1) et la ou les plaques de chauffage (2, 3),
    - une carte électronique (5) configurée pour la commande électrique/électronique de la ou des plaques de chauffage (2, 3), et
    - une plaque de support (4.1) de la carte électronique (5) située interposée entre l'ensemble formé par le châssis (1) et la carte électronique (5) pour maintenir la carte électronique (5) et pour séparer le châssis (1) et la carte électronique (5).
  9. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la coque (4) a une configuration prismatique avec une première base (4.2.3) et une deuxième base (4.3.2) connecté au moyen de parois latérales, où ladite coque (4) comprend une première couverture (4.2) et une deuxième couverture (4.3) qui sont complémentaires l'une de l'autre, de telle sorte que :
    - la deuxième couverture (4.3) comprend la deuxième base (4.3.2) de la coque (4),
    - la première couverture (4.2) comprend la première base (4.2.3) de la coque (4), et
    les couvertures (4.2, 4.3) renferment la coque (4) de telle sorte qu'une première paroi latérale (4.2.2) de la coque (4) se situe dans la première couverture (4.2) et une deuxième paroi (4.3.1), située en opposition, se trouve dans la seconde couverture (4.3) de telle sorte que le passage d'au moins le port d'entrée (I) du châssis (1) et le port de sortie (0) du châssis (1) est à travers la première paroi latérale (4.2.2) de la première couverture (4.2).
  10. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de chauffage (2.1, 3.1) est alimenté au moyen d'un circuit haute tension et commandé au moyen d'un circuit basse tension agissant sur des dispositifs de commutation (5.4), de préférence des transistors IGBT ou MOSFET, destinés à la commutation contrôlée du circuit haute tension.
  11. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (1) comprend un groupe d'ailettes de refroidissement (1.3) destinées au refroidissement d'un ou de plusieurs composants de la carte électronique (5), dans lequel le groupe d'ailettes de refroidissement (1.3) s'étendent du châssis (1) à la carte électronique (5) ou à un ou plusieurs composants électroniques (5.4) devant être refroidis de la carte électronique (5).
  12. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de support (4.1) comprend une pluralité d'ancrages (4.1.2) permettant la fixation de la plaque support (4.1) à la carte électronique (5), maintenant la partie de support (4.1) et la carte électronique (5) espacées l'une de l'autre.
  13. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les plaques de chauffage (2, 3) sont fixées au châssis (1) au moyen de soudage, de préférence au moyen de soudage au laser.
  14. Dispositif de chauffage (D) selon la revendication 7 et l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 et 8 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les demi-châssis (1.1, 1.2) sont fixés l'un à l'autre au moyen d'un soudage, de préférence au moyen d'un brassage.
  15. Système de climatisation pour véhicules comprenant au moins un dispositif (D) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
EP18382624.7A 2018-08-27 2018-08-27 Dispositif de chauffage Active EP3616949B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18382624.7A EP3616949B1 (fr) 2018-08-27 2018-08-27 Dispositif de chauffage
CN201910694446.1A CN110861466B (zh) 2018-08-27 2019-07-30 加热装置
US16/546,974 US11571950B2 (en) 2018-08-27 2019-08-21 Heating device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18382624.7A EP3616949B1 (fr) 2018-08-27 2018-08-27 Dispositif de chauffage

Publications (2)

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EP3616949A1 EP3616949A1 (fr) 2020-03-04
EP3616949B1 true EP3616949B1 (fr) 2022-07-20

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WO2024088620A1 (fr) * 2022-10-27 2024-05-02 Webasto SE Dispositif de chauffage électrique pour un véhicule

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US20200062082A1 (en) 2020-02-27
CN110861466A (zh) 2020-03-06
US11571950B2 (en) 2023-02-07
EP3616949A1 (fr) 2020-03-04
CN110861466B (zh) 2024-03-12

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