EP3599630B1 - Elektrische vorrichtung für fahrzeug und entsprechendes fahrzeug - Google Patents

Elektrische vorrichtung für fahrzeug und entsprechendes fahrzeug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3599630B1
EP3599630B1 EP19187787.7A EP19187787A EP3599630B1 EP 3599630 B1 EP3599630 B1 EP 3599630B1 EP 19187787 A EP19187787 A EP 19187787A EP 3599630 B1 EP3599630 B1 EP 3599630B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screen
enclosure
drive member
electrical
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19187787.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3599630A1 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Quentin
Antoine TAINE
Laurent DUFFAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3599630A1 publication Critical patent/EP3599630A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3599630B1 publication Critical patent/EP3599630B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66269—Details relating to the materials used for screens in vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical device for a vehicle, in particular for a rail vehicle, the electrical device comprising a high voltage enclosure, the high voltage enclosure comprising an electrical switch, an actuator and a drive member connecting the switch to the actuator. .
  • Such a device is for example an electric circuit breaker.
  • the device is placed in an electrical circuit for supplying electricity to a railway vehicle in order to protect said electrical supply circuit in the event of a short circuit.
  • a high voltage circuit breaker disposed in part on the roof of a vehicle and extending through an opening made in said roof.
  • This circuit breaker comprises an epoxy material casing, a vacuum interrupter inside which extend a first electrical contact and a second electrical contact movable relative to the first electrical contact, each electrical contact being connected to connectors having high potentials. , typically potentials greater than 5 kV.
  • Such a device is also known from the document FR 2 925 755 A1 .
  • An object of the invention is to provide an electrical device limiting the risk of malfunction.
  • the invention relates to an electrical device of the aforementioned type according to claim 1.
  • the electrical device according to the invention makes it possible, through said screen, to oppose the creation and propagation of a possible electric arc outside the enclosure.
  • the screen also makes it possible to limit the diffusion, in the direction of electrically live parts, of humidity and dust present outside the device. The electrical device is therefore safer, and its service life is further extended.
  • the subject of the invention is also a vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle, comprising an electrical device as defined above.
  • the expression “substantially equal to” defines a relation of equality at plus or minus 20%, preferably at plus or minus 10%.
  • high voltage is understood to mean an electric voltage substantially greater than or equal to 5 kilovolts (5 kV).
  • an electrical device 10 is intended to be mounted above or inside a railway vehicle (not shown), in particular a train, a tram, a metro or the like.
  • the rail vehicle comprises in particular a roof, a pantograph and a high voltage electrical network.
  • the electrical device 10 is for example intended to be mounted on the roof of the rail vehicle.
  • the electrical device 10 is for example a circuit breaker, a switch, a contactor, or any other device configured to allow the circulation of an electric current having a voltage greater than or equal to 5 kV.
  • the current is in particular able to flow via bare live parts.
  • the device 10 comprises a high voltage enclosure 12, an actuator 14, a drive member 16 and a screen 18.
  • the term “screen” means within the meaning of the present invention a separation wall or a separation membrane.
  • the electrical device 10 further comprises a support 19.
  • the high voltage enclosure 12 is configured to allow the flow of an electric current having a voltage greater than or equal to 5 kV.
  • the enclosure 12 is likely to have different shapes depending on the nature of the electrical device 10.
  • the enclosure 12 has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the enclosure 12 has a symmetry of revolution about a longitudinal axis.
  • the enclosure 12 has a substantially cylindrical shape extending along a longitudinal axis A.
  • the enclosure 12 defines a central cavity 20 delimited by an outer wall 22.
  • the enclosure 12 has at least one opening 24.
  • the enclosure 12 has a first opening 24 oriented towards the actuator 14.
  • the first opening 24 is preferably placed near the actuator 14, for example at a distance of less than 5 cm from the actuator 14.
  • the outer wall 22 has a plurality of circumferential annular fins 26 extending radially outwardly from the device 10.
  • the fins 26 are substantially parallel to one another. The fins 26 reduce the risk of creating and propagating an electric arc on the surface of the outer wall 22 of the enclosure 12.
  • the enclosure 12 is made of an insulating material.
  • the enclosure 12 is devoid of metallic material so as to ensure no electrical conduction.
  • the enclosure 12 is made of a polymeric material.
  • the polymeric material preferably comprises at least one epoxy polymer, also known under the name of “polyepoxide” or of “epoxy polymer”.
  • the enclosure 12 is made of a ceramic material.
  • the enclosure 12 comprises an electrical switch 30, arranged in the enclosure 12.
  • the electrical switch 30 comprises a first electrical contact 32, a second electrical contact 34 and a bulb 36 within which extend the first electrical contact 32 and the second electrical contact 34.
  • the switch 30 is a vacuum interrupter, the bulb 36 then being a vacuum interrupter.
  • the use of a vacuum interrupter 30 allows to switch currents and to isolate a circuit under a high voltage with short inter-contact distances, the vacuum playing the role of electrical insulator.
  • the first contact 32 is fixed relative to the bulb 36.
  • the second electrical contact 34 is movable between a closed position (or closed position) of the switch 30 in which the second contact 34 bears against the first contact 32. (as shown on figure 1 ) and an open position (or open position) of the switch 30 in which the second contact 34 is away from the first contact 32.
  • the electrical contacts 32, 34 are electrically connected to a respective electrical connection terminal 38, 40, each connection terminal 38, 40 being disposed outside the bulb 36.
  • the second electrical contact 34 is connected to its respective connection terminal 40 by means of a braid 42.
  • connection terminals 38, 40 are able to be electrically connected together in the closed position of the switch 30, the electrical contacts 32, 34 then being pressed against each other, and are capable of being electrically isolated from one another in the open position of the switch 30, the electrical contacts 32, 34 then being away from one another.
  • the connection terminals 38, 40 are suitable for withstanding electrical voltages greater than 5 kV.
  • the connection terminals 38, 40 are for example connected to a pantograph or to the electrical network of the railway vehicle.
  • the drive member 16 is arranged outside the switch 30 and extends along an axis of extension.
  • said axis of extension coincides with the longitudinal axis A of the enclosure 12.
  • the drive member 16 extends through the opening of the enclosure 12.
  • the drive member 16 has a first end 50 and a second end 52 opposite the first end 50 along the axis of extension of the drive member 16.
  • the drive member 16 is fixed to the second contact 34 movable at its first end 50 and is fixed to the actuator 14 at its second end 52.
  • the fixing of the drive member 16 at its second end 52 to the actuator 14 is a direct or even indirect fixing via an angle transmission or a reduction gear.
  • the drive member 16 connects the switch 30 to the actuator 14.
  • the drive member 16 allows the movement of the second electrical contact 34 between the closed position and the open position of the switch 30.
  • the drive member 16 has the shape of a rod 54.
  • the rod 54 has a radial section, said section having for example the shape of a circle, an ellipse or a polygon, in particular of a rectangle.
  • the drive member 16 provides electrical insulation between the second electrical contact 34 and the actuator 14.
  • the drive member 16 is made, for example, of laminated material based on glass fibers.
  • the drive member 16 comprises at least one fin 56 projecting radially with respect to the rod 54.
  • the fin (s) 56 limit (s) the risk of propagation of a respective electric arc 27 on the surface of the drive member 16.
  • the drive member 16 comprises at least one return member (not shown) arranged to exert on the second electrical contact 34 a return force from the closed position of the switch 30 to the open position of the switch. switch 30.
  • the return member is for example a spring.
  • the actuator 14 acts against the return member.
  • the actuator 14 is arranged to exert a force opposite to the force exerted by the return member while maintaining the second electrical contact 34 in the closed position.
  • the actuator 14 is an electromagnet.
  • the actuator 14 is arranged on a support.
  • the actuator 14 is placed inside a box 58.
  • the actuator 14 is configured to cause the movement of the drive member 16 and thus the movement of the second electrical contact 34 between the open position and the closed position.
  • the actuator 14 thus controls the passage of current inside the electrical switch 30.
  • the screen 18 is placed between the high voltage enclosure 12 and the actuator 14, so that the enclosure 12 and the actuator 14 are arranged on either side of said screen 18.
  • the screen 18 is preferably fixed. to the enclosure 12, for example by means of a screwing and / or clamping member (not shown). As a variant, the screen 18 is glued to the enclosure 12.
  • the cavity 20 of the enclosure 12 is partly delimited by the screen 18.
  • the screen 18 partially closes the first opening 24 at one end of the enclosure 12 along the axis of extension.
  • the screen 18 has a thickness E greater than or equal to 2 mm, the thickness E of the screen 18 being measured along the axis of extension of the drive member 16. In the example of figures 1 and 2 , the thickness E of the screen 18 is substantially constant.
  • the screen 18 has a non-constant thickness E.
  • the screen 18 is made of a polymeric material.
  • the polymeric material comprises at least one elastomer, advantageously at least one silicone, also called polysiloxane.
  • the screen 18 has a recess 62 through which extends the driving member 16.
  • the distance D between the screen 18 and the driving member 16 is less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2 mm. .
  • This distance D limits the risk of creation or propagation of an electric arc 27 formed in the enclosure 12 towards the outside of said enclosure 12. This distance D also limits the diffusion of humidity present in the air, from the outside of the enclosure 12 towards the inside of the enclosure 12. Thus, the inside of the enclosure 12 has a lower humidity level than the humidity level near the actuator 14
  • the screen 18 acts as an anti-humidity and anti-electric arc barrier.
  • the drive member 16 is movable relative to the screen 18.
  • the screen 18 is disposed away from the driving member 16.
  • the distance D between the screen 18 and the driving member 16 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.
  • the screen 18 rests against the driving member 16.
  • the edge 61 bears against the driving member 16.
  • the frictional forces between the screen 18 and the driving member 16 are low enough to allow the movement of the driving member 16 between the closed position and the open position.
  • the screen 18 is fixed to the drive member 16, for example by gluing. According to this variant, the screen 18 is capable of breaking in the event of a pressure greater than 0.2 MPa (2 bars).
  • the screen 18 is flexible.
  • the term “flexible” is understood to mean that the screen 18 is capable of deforming under the effect of a pressure greater than 0.2 MPa (2 bars), called the critical pressure Pc.
  • the screen 18 is able to deform between a rest configuration, shown in solid lines on the figure 1 , and a distorted configuration, shown in dotted lines on the figure 1 .
  • the screen 18 extends substantially along a plane normal to the axis of extension of the drive member 16 and the recess 62 has a minimum area, called A rest .
  • the screen 18 has a curved surface, and the recess 62 has an area greater than the minimum area A at rest .
  • the screen 18 In the event of an overpressure within the enclosure 12, due for example to an electric arc 27 (also called “ flashover” in English), the screen 18 is able to deform, limiting the risk of degradation of the electrical device 10, up to perforation of the enclosure 12.
  • the enclosure 12 is arranged on the support 19 and extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of said support 19.
  • the screen 18 is arranged between the enclosure 12 and the support 19.
  • the support 19 is formed by at least part of the roof of the rail vehicle.
  • the support 19 is formed of a plate fixed to at least part of the roof of the rail vehicle.
  • the support 19 has an opening 72 through which extends the drive member 16, so that the switch 30 and the actuator 14 are arranged on either side of the support 19.
  • the screen 18 forms, at least temporarily, an obstacle to the propagation of said electric arc 27 outside the enclosure 12.
  • the electric arc 27 causes an increase in the pressure inside the enclosure 12.
  • the pressure is less than the critical pressure Pc, the screen 18 does not deform and remains in the rest configuration.
  • the screen 18 is deformed to a deformed configuration shown in dotted lines on the diagram. figure 1 . This makes it possible to reduce the pressure inside the enclosure 12 and to distribute it in the box 58.
  • the screen 18 makes it possible on the one hand to hinder, or even prevent, the creation of a possible electric arc 27 towards the outside of the enclosure 12 and, on the other hand, to limit the diffusion of humidity. present outside the device 10 to the electric switch 30.
  • the screen 18 is deformed, thus preventing too great an overpressure. inside the device 10. The correct operation of the electrical device 10 is thus reinforced.
  • the electrical device 10 is safer and has a longer lifespan than the device of the state of the art.

Landscapes

  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Elektrische Vorrichtung (10) für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere für ein Schienenfahrzeug, wobei die elektrische Vorrichtung (10) aufweist:
    - eine Hochspannungskammer (12), wobei die Hochspannungskammer (12) einen elektrischen Unterbrecher (30) aufweist,
    - einen Aktuator (14) und
    - ein Antriebsorgan (16), welches den Unterbrecher (30) mit dem Aktuator (14) verbindet,
    wobei die elektrische Vorrichtung (10) ferner eine Abschirmung (18) aufweist, welche zwischen der Kammer (12) und dem Aktuator (14) angeordnet ist, wobei die Abschirmung (18) eine Aussparung (62) hat, durch welche sich das Antriebsorgan (16) erstreckt, wobei der Abstand (D) zwischen der Abschirmung (18) und dem Antriebsorgan (16) kleiner als 3 mm, vorzugsweise kleiner als 2 mm, ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abschirmung (18) flexibel ist und imstande ist, sich unter der Wirkung eines Drucks, welcher größer als 0,2 MPa ist, zu deformieren.
  2. Vorrichtung (10) gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei das Antriebsorgan (16) bewegbar bezüglich der Abschirmung (18) ist.
  3. Vorrichtung (10) gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der Abstand (D) zwischen der Abschirmung (18) und dem Antriebsorgan (16) größer oder gleich 0,5 mm ist.
  4. Vorrichtung (10) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Abschirmung (18) aus einem Polymermaterial hergestellt ist, wobei das Polymermaterial mindestens ein Elastomer, wie zum Beispiel ein Silikon, aufweist.
  5. Vorrichtung (10) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Abschirmung (18) eine Dicke (E) hat, welche größer oder gleich 2 mm ist, wobei sich das Antriebsorgan (16) entlang einer Ausdehnungsachse erstreckt, wobei die Dicke (E) der Abschirmung (18) entlang der besagten Ausdehnungsachse gemessen wird.
  6. Vorrichtung (10) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Abschirmung (18) an der Kammer (12) befestigt ist.
  7. Fahrzeug, insbesondere Schienenfahrzeug, welches eine elektrische Vorrichtung (10) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 aufweist.
EP19187787.7A 2018-07-24 2019-07-23 Elektrische vorrichtung für fahrzeug und entsprechendes fahrzeug Active EP3599630B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1856846A FR3084516B1 (fr) 2018-07-24 2018-07-24 Dispositif electrique pour vehicule et vehicule associe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3599630A1 EP3599630A1 (de) 2020-01-29
EP3599630B1 true EP3599630B1 (de) 2021-01-06

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EP19187787.7A Active EP3599630B1 (de) 2018-07-24 2019-07-23 Elektrische vorrichtung für fahrzeug und entsprechendes fahrzeug

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EP (1) EP3599630B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3084516B1 (de)

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CN112185752B (zh) * 2020-09-28 2022-08-12 许继集团有限公司 一种固封极柱

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2925755B1 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2012-08-03 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Isolation d'un dispositif de coupure de type ampoule a vide par surmoulage
KR20120090698A (ko) * 2011-02-08 2012-08-17 엘에스산전 주식회사 진공회로차단기의 진공인터럽터
CN104330733A (zh) 2014-11-21 2015-02-04 西安伯龙高铁电气有限公司 列车车顶绝缘检测装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3599630A1 (de) 2020-01-29
FR3084516A1 (fr) 2020-01-31
FR3084516B1 (fr) 2021-05-14

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