EP3597820A1 - Textile traction and / or support means and method for producing textile traction and / or support means - Google Patents

Textile traction and / or support means and method for producing textile traction and / or support means Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3597820A1
EP3597820A1 EP19187140.9A EP19187140A EP3597820A1 EP 3597820 A1 EP3597820 A1 EP 3597820A1 EP 19187140 A EP19187140 A EP 19187140A EP 3597820 A1 EP3597820 A1 EP 3597820A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
traction
fiber rope
electromagnetic waves
textile
rope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19187140.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3597820B1 (en
Inventor
Thorsten Heinze
Peter Streubel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trowis GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE202018003494.0U external-priority patent/DE202018003494U1/en
Priority claimed from DE102018005927.9A external-priority patent/DE102018005927A1/en
Priority claimed from DE102018005926.0A external-priority patent/DE102018005926A1/en
Priority claimed from DE202018003493.2U external-priority patent/DE202018003493U1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3597820A1 publication Critical patent/EP3597820A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3597820B1 publication Critical patent/EP3597820B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/162—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/141—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising liquid, pasty or powder agents, e.g. lubricants or anti-corrosive oils or greases
    • D07B1/142—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising liquid, pasty or powder agents, e.g. lubricants or anti-corrosive oils or greases for ropes or rope components built-up from fibrous or filamentary material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/12—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form of low twist or low tension by processes comprising setting or straightening treatments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/24—Ropes or cables with a prematurely failing element
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1096—Rope or cable structures braided
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/2087—Jackets or coverings being of the coated type
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/2088—Jackets or coverings having multiple layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/209—Jackets or coverings comprising braided structures
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/20903—Jackets or coverings comprising woven structures
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/20907—Jackets or coverings comprising knitted structures
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2095—Auxiliary components, e.g. electric conductors or light guides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2095—Auxiliary components, e.g. electric conductors or light guides
    • D07B2201/2096—Light guides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/201—Polyolefins
    • D07B2205/2014—High performance polyolefins, e.g. Dyneema or Spectra
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2039—Polyesters
    • D07B2205/2042—High performance polyesters, e.g. Vectran
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
    • D07B2205/205—Aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
    • D07B2207/40—Machine components
    • D07B2207/404—Heat treating devices; Corresponding methods
    • D07B2207/4045—Heat treating devices; Corresponding methods to change the crystal structure of the load bearing material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2301/00—Controls
    • D07B2301/55—Sensors
    • D07B2301/5531—Sensors using electric means or elements
    • D07B2301/554—Sensors using electric means or elements for measuring variable resistance
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2301/00—Controls
    • D07B2301/55—Sensors
    • D07B2301/5531—Sensors using electric means or elements
    • D07B2301/555—Sensors using electric means or elements for measuring magnetic properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2301/00—Controls
    • D07B2301/55—Sensors
    • D07B2301/5531—Sensors using electric means or elements
    • D07B2301/5568—Sensors using electric means or elements acoustic or ultrasonic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2301/00—Controls
    • D07B2301/55—Sensors
    • D07B2301/5531—Sensors using electric means or elements
    • D07B2301/5577—Sensors using electric means or elements using light guides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2005—Elongation or elasticity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to textile traction and / or suspension elements for use in rope drives and methods for the production of textile traction and / or suspension elements.
  • High-strength textile traction and / or suspension elements with a high-strength braided fiber rope as the core and typically a sheath protecting and surrounding the fiber rope are known, for example from DE 10 2015 017 157 A ,
  • EP 2 034 089 A2 relates to a suspension cable for cable cars, the suspension cable being a wire rope.
  • the suspension cable can be heated by an integrated frost protection device to prevent icing.
  • This frost protection device can be designed as a heating wire.
  • the frost protection element can comprise a radiation-absorbing wire layer which can be heated inductively.
  • wire rope with plastic integrated into the rope structure is through the publication DE 20 2015 106 536 U1 known, wherein the wire rope consists of wires made of metal and has a plastic insert and / or a plastic sheathing that contains at least one friction-reducing additive.
  • Wire ropes have a large rope mass, which significantly reduces the useful mass, especially with long conveyor lengths, and may require the use of lower ropes for traction sheave lifts.
  • Ropes with a sheath extrusion layer contain small amounts of lubricant in order to avoid sheath shifts due to the friction-reducing effect and gassing due to the lubricant. This significantly reduces the service life compared to optimally lubricated ropes.
  • the publication contains a rope with core strands and sheath strands DE 20 2010 013 519 U1 ,
  • the rope has at least one sensor module for detecting Expansion or disruption loads, which has at least one electrically conductive sensor element.
  • Textile traction and / or suspension elements with a high-strength braided fiber rope as the core and typically a sheath protecting and surrounding the fiber rope are known, for example from DE 10 2015 017 157 ,
  • EP 2 034 089 A2 relates to a suspension cable for cable cars, the suspension cable being a wire rope.
  • the suspension cable can be heated by an integrated frost protection device to prevent icing.
  • This frost protection device can be designed as a heating wire.
  • the frost protection element can comprise a radiation-absorbing wire layer which can be heated inductively.
  • DE 10 2016 216 439 A1 relates to a vulcanization system for vulcanizing an elastomer part which has at least one electrically conductive tensile strength member and which can be a conveyor belt.
  • the electrically conductive tensile strength member can be a steel cable.
  • inductive heating can take place, so that the duration of the vulcanization process can be shortened by inductive preheating.
  • E3, DE 10 2010 008 530 A1 relates to a system for producing conveyor belts with a steel cable insert. Furthermore, the system comprises a preheating device which is designed as an inductive heating device. The vulcanization process as a whole can be carried out more quickly by such preheating.
  • thermal fixing of such high-strength textile fiber ropes represents a possibility of orienting the molecular chains of the fibers in the optimal direction of the force flow, whereby strength can be increased and elongation effects can be reduced.
  • textile fiber ropes can be heated by warm air flowing around them, whereby they are subjected to a force, or they are passed through a heated medium in the force-loaded state.
  • Fibers and structures made from them tend to be thermal insulators, which means that heating from the outside can result in the cable cross-section being heated unevenly and thus being treated unevenly.
  • the thermal fixing of textile structures is therefore mainly used for flat textiles and tapes, since relatively thin cross-sections have to be heated there.
  • high molecular weight polyethylene HMPE, liquid crystal polymer LCP or aramids are suitable as polymer materials.
  • the fixing temperature corresponds to a crystalline transformation peak
  • this can also mean that if the heating is not uniform, the outer areas of the rope are heat set and the inner areas are not. Especially with large rope diameters, this leads to an inhomogeneous power flow, which u. U. the mechanical properties compared to the non-thermally fixed rope still deteriorated.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide and manufacture textile traction and / or suspension means for use in rope drives, in which traction sheaves in particular are used, the production of such textile traction and / or suspension means to be improved and, in particular, to be made more economical.
  • a substance or object which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field is present in the fiber rope and can be heated or heated for the purpose of thermally fixing the fiber rope with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field is, so that the fiber rope is heated to preferably 120 ° C to 230 ° C for thermal fixation.
  • the heating does not take place from the outside in as in the prior art, but directly at the active site to be heated by heating the activatable substance or object.
  • the textile traction and / or suspension elements and their manufacture are distinguished in particular by the fact that they can be provided and manufactured for use in rope drives in which traction sheaves are used in particular.
  • the textile traction and / or suspension element has at least one substance and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field.
  • fibers and / or fiber strands are connected to at least one substance and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a fiber rope. Furthermore, the fiber rope is subjected to electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the fiber rope and the material and / or object for the thermal fixing of the fiber rope.
  • fibers and / or fiber strands are connected to at least one substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a fiber rope as a primary load-bearing component, the fiber rope with a monolithic sheath layer sheathed, the fiber rope with the monolithic sheath layer with electromagnetic waves and / or the magnetic alternating field for heating the fiber rope and the material and / or object for thermal fixation of the fiber rope and a means by laying, twisting, braiding, stitch formation or Circular weaving of synthetic fibers and / or synthetic fiber strands applied as a secondary load-bearing component.
  • the monolithic casing is designed such that it does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field.
  • the fiber rope in the manufacture of the textile traction and / or suspension element when subjected to electromagnetic waves and / or the magnetic alternating field, is subjected to force in its longitudinal direction by means of a holding and stretching device such that this force application is at least 1%, in particular at least 2%, in particular at least 5%, in particular at least 10%, in particular at least 15% and at most 25 %, in particular at most 20% of the breaking load of the fiber rope. If, for example, a fiber rope with a diameter of about 5.5 mm, for example, has a breaking load of 35,000 newtons, then a preferred application of force during thermal fixing with 10-25% of the breaking load would be 3500-8750 newtons.
  • the fiber rope with at least 3500 N, in particular with at least 5000 N, in particular with is subjected to a force of at least 8000 N in its longitudinal direction.
  • the upper limit of this force application can advantageously be based on 25%, in particular 20%, of the breaking load of the fiber rope.
  • the fiber rope can be a braided, laid or laid fiber rope.
  • the object which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field can be a fiber and / or fibers.
  • the activatable fibers and / or substances and / or objects are not water-based, since water leads to a change in the mechanical properties. This can be done, for example, by embedding in the molecular chains and by gassing during jacket extrusion using water vapor.
  • substances that can be activated by electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field are introduced into the traction and / or suspension element remain fully in the traction and / or suspension means even after activation.
  • the substance can advantageously be a rope lubricant.
  • the agent can be formed from a connection of fibers and / or mineral fibers and / or of fiber strands made of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers.
  • the respective fibers and / or the respective fiber strands can be connected to one another by laying, twisting, braiding, circular weaving or by forming stitches.
  • the elastic modulus of the fibers of the agent can be smaller than the elastic modulus of fibers of the fiber rope.
  • the agent thus absorbs almost no traction in normal operation.
  • This mechanical behavior can be achieved by a lower modulus of elasticity of the fiber compared to the fiber rope.
  • the pitch angle of the fibers and / or fiber strands of the agent can be greater than the pitch angle of fibers and / or fiber strands of the fiber rope.
  • the agent thus absorbs almost no traction in normal operation. This mechanical behavior can be achieved by a larger pitch angle (lay angle or braid angle) compared to the fiber rope.
  • the textile traction and / or suspension means can fully meet the requirements in traction drives.
  • Applications can in particular be those in which traction sheave lifts or traction sheave winches are used.
  • the textile traction and / or suspension means can thus be used as hoisting ropes in conveyor applications.
  • the fiber rope with the material and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field is, according to the development of claim 2, a primary load-bearing component.
  • the fiber rope has a monolithic sheath layer that does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field.
  • the monolithic jacket layer has a means as a sheathing as a secondary load-bearing component, which is the load-bearing component of the textile traction and / or suspension element when and / or after the failure of the primary load-bearing component.
  • the textile traction and / or suspension element has several load-bearing components, so that local drainage of the primary load-bearing component due to material fatigue leads to a load transfer to the secondary load-bearing component. As a result, the surface topology changes, which is visible from the outside, and thus the maturity of the traction and / or suspension element.
  • the fiber rope and the activatable substance and / or object can advantageously with at least one source of electromagnetic waves with a frequency equal to / greater than 300 MHz to less than / equal to 20 GHz and / or an alternating magnetic field with a frequency equal to / greater than 300 MHz to less than / equal to 6 GHz can be heated.
  • the residual breaking strength of the means is greater than and / or after failure of the fiber rope according to the further development of claim 3 than the maximum permissible load of the textile traction and / or suspension element.
  • the breaking strength of the agent is at least 12.5% of the breaking force of the fiber rope according to the development of claim 4. This means that the breaking strength of the agent is greater than 12.5% and less than or equal to 100% of the breaking strength of the fiber rope. Furthermore, the mass fraction of the agent is less than 30% of the mass fraction of the fiber rope. The mass fraction of the mean is therefore greater than 0 and less than 30% of the mass fraction of the fiber rope.
  • the substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field is a rope lubricant.
  • the traction and / or suspension element has at least one elongated and / or band-shaped object made of or with an activatable lubricant as a substance.
  • the lubricant can thus be located inside the fiber strands and / or between the fibers and / or between the fiber strands and / or in the middle of the traction and / or suspension element.
  • the article can consist of yarns with synthetic, mineral, ceramic or natural threads or of metallic wires, which thus stores the lubricant during the coating process of the monolithic jacket layer.
  • the fiber material and / or the material and / or at least one additive in the material and / or object have or have a relative permittivity or relative permittivities greater than five.
  • the respective substance can thus be activated electromagnetically.
  • substances, additives and / or objects can be used which are in a solid or highly viscous state at room temperature.
  • the skill for example waxes and fats or also fibrous materials as solid lubricants.
  • metallic or plastic-containing materials can be used as additives. Exposure to the activatable substances in the traction and / or suspension element with electromagnetic waves can therefore easily lead to a targeted and defined heating of the fiber rope to a material-dependent temperature level, in each case including from 120 ° C.
  • the monolithic jacket layer can advantageously consist of a plastic, the relative permittivity of which has or is less than five permittivities lower than that of the electromagnetically activatable substance and / or object and / or fiber yarn and is therefore less heatable.
  • the object and / or the substance owns or have 6 particles and / or bodies made of an electrically conductive material.
  • an electrically conductive material there are, for example, micropowder, dusts, fibers and / or Nanotubes (so-called nanotubes) are used. These can consist of graphite and / or at least one metal.
  • the traction and / or suspension means has at least one electrical conductor as the subject of the development of claim 7.
  • At least one sensor element for detecting the breakage of the traction and / or suspension means is or are located in the traction and / or suspension means.
  • a local outflow of force can lead to its breakage and the sensor element implemented therein, which can be detected in this way.
  • the sensor element can also be designed such that mechanical and / or geometric property changes of the sensor element itself can be detected.
  • the sensor element can be connected, for example, to a resistance measuring device and / or an optical, acoustic and / or electrical transit time measuring device.
  • the textile traction and / or suspension element is covered with a monolithic layer according to the development of claim 11.
  • a textile traction and / or suspension means essentially consists of the traction and / or suspension means with at least one substance and / or object 2 that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a textile traction and / or suspension element in a basic representation.
  • the fibers and / or fiber strands are connected to one another with the substance and / or object 2 that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form the traction and / or suspension element and then with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field Heating of the traction and / or suspension means and the material and / or object 2 is applied for thermal fixation of the traction and / or suspension means.
  • the textile traction and / or suspension element is thus realized as a, for example, braided fiber rope 1 with at least one substance and / or object 2 and / or fiber material that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field. This can contain at least one sensor element 3 for detecting the breakage of the traction and / or suspension element.
  • a textile traction and / or suspension element consists of the braided fiber rope 1 with the substance and / or object 2 that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or a magnetic alternating field as the primary load-bearing component and a monolithic sheath layer 4 on the fiber rope 1.
  • the monolithic cladding layer 4 is transparent to the electromagnetic waves or the alternating magnetic field for activating the substance and / or object 2 and / or fibers.
  • the Fig. 2 shows a textile traction and / or suspension element with elongated objects 2 with a rope lubricant in cross section in a basic representation.
  • the shows Fig. 3 a basic illustration of a textile traction and / or suspension element with distributed lubricant 5 in cross section.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a textile traction and / or suspension means with a means 6 on the jacket layer 4 in a basic representation.
  • the fiber rope 1 has at least one elongate and / or band-shaped object 2 made of or with a substance which can be activated by electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field, which is in particular a lubricant 5.
  • the braided fiber rope 1 with the material that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field and / or object 2 of the textile traction and / or suspension means of the embodiments is primary load-bearing component.
  • the fiber rope 1 has the monolithic sheath layer 4, which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field.
  • the monolithic jacket layer 4 has a means 6 as a secondary load-bearing component, which is the load-bearing component of the textile traction and / or suspension element in the event of and / or after failure of the primary load-bearing component.
  • the means 6 can be formed from a connection of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers and / or of fiber strands made of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers, the respective fibers and / or the respective fiber strands being laid, twisted, braided Circular weaving or are connected by stitch formation.
  • the modulus of elasticity of the synthetic fibers of the agent can advantageously be smaller than the modulus of elasticity of fibers of the fiber rope 1.
  • the pitch angle of the fibers and / or fiber strands of the means 6 can be greater than the pitch angle of fibers and / or fiber strands of the fiber rope 1.
  • the textile traction and / or suspension element can be designed such that the residual breaking strength of the means 6 during and / or after failure of the fiber rope 1 is greater than the maximum permissible load of the textile tension and / or suspension element. Furthermore, the breaking force of the means 6 can be at least 12.5% of the breaking force of the fiber rope 1 and the mass fraction of the means 6 can be less than 30% of the mass fraction of the fiber rope 1.
  • the substance of the exemplary embodiment can in particular be a lubricant 5.
  • the substance can have particles of electrically conductive materials or bodies.
  • the respective means 6 can have a monolithic layer

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel zur Anwendung in Seiltrieben,mit einem Faserseil (1), wobei das textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel wenigstens einen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand (2) aufweist, wobei Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen mit dem wenigstens einen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand (2) zur Ausbildung des Faserseils (1) verbunden sind, und wobei das Faserseil (1) durch Beaufschlagung mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Faserseils (1) und des Stoffs und/oder Gegenstands (2) auf 120°C bis 230°C thermisch fixiert worden ist.The invention relates to a textile traction and / or suspension element for use in cable drives, with a fiber rope (1), the textile traction and / or suspension element comprising at least one substance and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field ( 2), fibers and / or fiber strands being connected to the at least one substance and / or object (2) which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form the fiber rope (1), and wherein the fiber rope (1) has been thermally fixed to 120 ° C to 230 ° C by exposure to electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the fiber rope (1) and the material and / or object (2).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel zur Anwendung in Seiltrieben und Verfahren zur Herstellung von textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmitteln.The invention relates to textile traction and / or suspension elements for use in rope drives and methods for the production of textile traction and / or suspension elements.

Durch die Druckschrift DE 699 07 581 T2 ist eine Konstruktion von Seilen und insbesondere eine geflochtene Konstruktion bekannt, welche besonders geeignet ist für Seile mit großem Durchmesser, die aus Kunstfasermaterialien mit geringer Dehnung hergestellt sind. Dazu werden eine Mehrzahl von Fasern zusammengezwirnt, um eine Mehrzahl von gezwirnten Garnen zu bilden, eine Mehrzahl von gezwirnten Garnen zusammengeflochten, um eine Mehrzahl von geflochtenen Litzen zu bilden und eine Mehrzahl von geflochtenen Litzen zusammenzuflechten, um ein geflochtenes Seil mit großem Durchmesser zu bilden. Das so geflochtene Seil besitzt keinen Schmierstoff.Through the publication DE 699 07 581 T2 is known a construction of ropes and in particular a braided construction, which is particularly suitable for ropes with a large diameter, which are made of synthetic fiber materials with low elongation. For this purpose, a plurality of fibers are twisted together to form a plurality of twisted yarns, a plurality of twisted yarns are braided together to form a plurality of braided strands and a plurality of braided strands braid together to form a large diameter braided rope. The rope braided in this way has no lubricant.

Hochfeste textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit einem hochfesten geflochtenen Faserseil als Kern und typischerweise einer das Faserseil schützenden und umgebenden Ummantelung sind bekannt, beispielsweise aus DE 10 2015 017 157 A .High-strength textile traction and / or suspension elements with a high-strength braided fiber rope as the core and typically a sheath protecting and surrounding the fiber rope are known, for example from DE 10 2015 017 157 A ,

EP 2 034 089 A2 betrifft ein Tragseil für Seilbahnen, wobei es sich bei dem Tragseil um ein Drahtseil handelt. Das Tragseil ist beheizbar durch eine integrierte Frostschutzeinrichtung, um Vereisung zu verhindern. Diese Frostschutzeinrichtung kann als Heizdraht ausgeführt sein. Weiterhin kann das Frostschutzelement eine strahlungsabsorbierende Drahtlage umfassen, welche induktiv beheizbar ist. EP 2 034 089 A2 relates to a suspension cable for cable cars, the suspension cable being a wire rope. The suspension cable can be heated by an integrated frost protection device to prevent icing. This frost protection device can be designed as a heating wire. Furthermore, the frost protection element can comprise a radiation-absorbing wire layer which can be heated inductively.

Ein Drahtseil mit in das Seilgefüge integriertem Kunststoff ist durch die Druckschrift DE 20 2015 106 536 U1 bekannt, wobei das Drahtseil aus Drähten aus Metall besteht und eine Kunststoffeinlage und/oder eine Kunststoffummantelung besitzt, die mindestens ein reibungsminderndes Additiv enthält. Drahtseile haben eine große Seilmasse, die insbesondere bei großen Förderlängen die Nutzmasse deutlich reduziert und bei Treibscheibenaufzügen die Verwendung von Unterseilen erforderlich machen kann. Seile mit einer Mantelextrusionsschicht enthalten geringe Schmierstoffmengen, um Mantelverschiebungen durch die reibungsmindernde Wirkung sowie Aufgasungen durch den Schmierstoff zu vermeiden. Dadurch reduziert sich die Lebensdauer gegenüber optimal geschmierten Seilen deutlich.A wire rope with plastic integrated into the rope structure is through the publication DE 20 2015 106 536 U1 known, wherein the wire rope consists of wires made of metal and has a plastic insert and / or a plastic sheathing that contains at least one friction-reducing additive. Wire ropes have a large rope mass, which significantly reduces the useful mass, especially with long conveyor lengths, and may require the use of lower ropes for traction sheave lifts. Ropes with a sheath extrusion layer contain small amounts of lubricant in order to avoid sheath shifts due to the friction-reducing effect and gassing due to the lubricant. This significantly reduces the service life compared to optimally lubricated ropes.

Ein Seil mit Kernlitzen und Mantellitzen beinhaltet die Druckschrift DE 20 2010 013 519 U1 . Das Seil weist mindestens ein Sensormodul zur Erfassung von Dehnungs- oder Zerrüttungsbelastungen auf, welches mindestens ein elektrisch leitfähiges Sensororgan besitzt.The publication contains a rope with core strands and sheath strands DE 20 2010 013 519 U1 , The rope has at least one sensor module for detecting Expansion or disruption loads, which has at least one electrically conductive sensor element.

Textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit einem hochfesten geflochtenen Faserseil als Kern und typischerweise einer das Faserseil schützenden und umgebenden Ummantelung sind bekannt, beispielsweise aus DE 10 2015 017 157 .Textile traction and / or suspension elements with a high-strength braided fiber rope as the core and typically a sheath protecting and surrounding the fiber rope are known, for example from DE 10 2015 017 157 ,

EP 2 034 089 A2 , betrifft ein Tragseil für Seilbahnen, wobei es sich bei dem Tragseil um ein Drahtseil handelt. Das Tragseil ist durch eine integrierte Frostschutzeinrichtung beheizbar, um Vereisung zu verhindern. Diese Frostschutzeinrichtung kann als Heizdraht ausgeführt sein. Weiterhin kann das Frostschutzelement eine strahlungsabsorbierende Drahtlage umfassen, welche induktiv beheizbar ist. EP 2 034 089 A2 , relates to a suspension cable for cable cars, the suspension cable being a wire rope. The suspension cable can be heated by an integrated frost protection device to prevent icing. This frost protection device can be designed as a heating wire. Furthermore, the frost protection element can comprise a radiation-absorbing wire layer which can be heated inductively.

DE 10 2016 216 439 A1 , betrifft eine Vulkanisationsanlage zur Vulkanisation eines wenigstens einen elektrisch leitfähigen Zugfestigkeitsträger aufweisenden Elastomerteils, welches ein Fördergurt sein kann. Der elektrisch leitfähige Zugfestigkeitsträger kann ein Stahlseil sein. Mit Ankopplung an ein Helmholz-Spulenpaar kann eine induktive Erwärmung erfolgen, so dass die Zeitdauer des Vulkanisationsprozesses durch induktives Vorwärmen verkürzt werden kann. Auch E3, DE 10 2010 008 530 A1 , betrifft eine Anlage zum Herstellen von Fördergurten mit Stahlseileinlage. Weiterhin umfasst die Anlage eine Vorwärmeinrichtung, die als induktive Heizvorrichtung ausgebildet ist. Durch eine solche Vorwärmung kann der Vulkanisationsprozess insgesamt schneller ausgeführt werden. DE 10 2016 216 439 A1 , relates to a vulcanization system for vulcanizing an elastomer part which has at least one electrically conductive tensile strength member and which can be a conveyor belt. The electrically conductive tensile strength member can be a steel cable. When coupled to a pair of Helmholz coils, inductive heating can take place, so that the duration of the vulcanization process can be shortened by inductive preheating. Also E3, DE 10 2010 008 530 A1 , relates to a system for producing conveyor belts with a steel cable insert. Furthermore, the system comprises a preheating device which is designed as an inductive heating device. The vulcanization process as a whole can be carried out more quickly by such preheating.

DE 10 2004 043 099 A1 , zeigt ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Messen der Position eines Aufzugs, wobei in einem im Wesentlichen parallel zu Aufzugschienen eines Aufzugsfahrkorbs gespannten, elektrisch leitfähigen Seil induzierte und/oder eingebrachte Impulse detektiert werden und hieraus auf die Position des Fahrkorbs im Fahrschacht geschlossen werden kann. DE 10 2004 043 099 A1 , shows a method and a device for measuring the position of an elevator, wherein an electrically conductive cable is tensioned in an essentially parallel to elevator rails of an elevator car induced and / or introduced impulses are detected and the position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft can be concluded therefrom.

Bei textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmitteln mit einem hochfesten Faserseil besteht ein seit vielen Jahren bekanntes Problem: Durch die Machart des Faserseils infolge des Schlagens, Flechtens, etc., liegen die langgestreckten, maximal orientierten Molekülketten von Hochleistungsfasern oder von Faserbündeln oder Litzen nicht exakt in Richtung des Kraftflusses, welcher naturgemäß der Längserstreckung des Seils entspricht. Hochfeste textile Seile haben daher eine geringere Festigkeit und Steifigkeit als dies materialbedingt möglich wäre und unterliegen demzufolge einer höheren Dehnbarkeit. Das sogenannte "Thermische Fixieren" solcher hochfester textiler Faserseile stellt eine Möglichkeit dar, die Molekülketten der Fasern in der optimalen Richtung des Kraftflusses zu orientieren, wodurch Festigkeiten erhöht und Dehnungseffekte reduziert werden können. Für diesen Zweck können textile Faserseile durch sie umströmende Warmluft erwärmt werden, wobei sie dabei kraftbeaufschlagt werden, oder sie werden im kraftbeaufschlagten Zustand durch ein erwärmtes Medium geführt. Faserstoffe und daraus hergestellte Strukturen sind tendenziell thermische Isolatoren, wodurch eine Erwärmung von außen, dazu führen kann, dass der Seilquerschnitt ungleichmäßig erwärmt und hierdurch ungleichmäßig behandelt wird. Das Thermische Fixieren von textilen Strukturen wird deshalb vornämlich bei Flächentextilien und Bändern angewendet, da dort relativ dünne Querschnitte durchwärmt werden müssen. Stand heute werden Faserseile lediglich bis zu einem Durchmesser von ca. 20mm thermisch fixiert, da die Wärme durch die geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit (vgl. Aramidfaser: 0,05 W/mK / Stahldraht: ca.40 W/mK) der Fasern nicht ausreichend nach innen transportiert wird. Um dies zu erreichen könnten die Seile lange Zeit unter Fixiertemperatur und Fixierlast im Ofen verbleiben. Der Prozess wäre aber aufgrund der langen Prozesszeiten unwirtschaftlich.There has been a problem that has been known for many years with textile traction and / or suspension elements with a high-strength fiber rope: Due to the design of the fiber rope as a result of knocking, braiding, etc., the elongated, maximally oriented molecular chains of high-performance fibers or of fiber bundles or strands do not lie exactly in the direction of the flow of force, which naturally corresponds to the longitudinal extension of the rope. High-strength textile ropes therefore have a lower strength and stiffness than would be possible due to the material and are therefore subject to a higher degree of elasticity. The so-called "thermal fixing" of such high-strength textile fiber ropes represents a possibility of orienting the molecular chains of the fibers in the optimal direction of the force flow, whereby strength can be increased and elongation effects can be reduced. For this purpose, textile fiber ropes can be heated by warm air flowing around them, whereby they are subjected to a force, or they are passed through a heated medium in the force-loaded state. Fibers and structures made from them tend to be thermal insulators, which means that heating from the outside can result in the cable cross-section being heated unevenly and thus being treated unevenly. The thermal fixing of textile structures is therefore mainly used for flat textiles and tapes, since relatively thin cross-sections have to be heated there. As of today, fiber ropes are only thermally fixed up to a diameter of approx. 20 mm, because the heat is not sufficiently inward due to the low thermal conductivity (see aramid fiber: 0.05 W / mK / steel wire: approx. 40 W / mK) is transported. To achieve this, the ropes could remain in the oven for a long time under the fixing temperature and load. However, the process would be uneconomical due to the long process times.

Als Polymerwerkstoffe kommen beispielsweise hochmolekulares Polyethylen HMPE, Flüssigkristallpolymer LCP oder auch Aramide in Frage.For example, high molecular weight polyethylene HMPE, liquid crystal polymer LCP or aramids are suitable as polymer materials.

Da die Fixiertemperatur einem kristallinen Umwandlungspeak entspricht, kann dies auch bedeuten, dass bei nicht gleichmäßiger Durchwärmung die äußeren Bereiche des Seils thermofixiert werden und die inneren Bereiche nicht. Insbesondere bei großen Seildurchmessern führt dies zu einem inhomogenen Kraftfluss, der u. U. die mechanischen Eigenschaften gegenüber dem nicht thermisch fixierten Seil noch verschlechtert.Since the fixing temperature corresponds to a crystalline transformation peak, this can also mean that if the heating is not uniform, the outer areas of the rope are heat set and the inner areas are not. Especially with large rope diameters, this leads to an inhomogeneous power flow, which u. U. the mechanical properties compared to the non-thermally fixed rope still deteriorated.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel zur Anwendung in Seiltrieben, in denen insbesondere Treibscheiben eingesetzt werden, bereitzustellen und herzustellen, wobei die Herstellung solcher textiler Zug- und/oder Tragmittel verbessert und insbesondere wirtschaftlicher gestaltet werden soll.The present invention has for its object to provide and manufacture textile traction and / or suspension means for use in rope drives, in which traction sheaves in particular are used, the production of such textile traction and / or suspension means to be improved and, in particular, to be made more economical.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den in den Patentansprüchen 1 und 11 aufgeführten Merkmalen gelöst.This object is achieved with the features listed in claims 1 and 11.

Erfindungsgemäß wird also vorgeschlagen, dass in dem Faserseil ein mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbarer Stoff oder Gegenstand vorhanden ist, der zum Zwecke der thermischen Fixierung des Faserseils mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld erwärmbar ist bzw. erwärmt wird, so dass hierdurch das Faserseil zur thermischen Fixierung auf vorzugsweise 120°C bis 230°C erwärmt wird. Die Erwärmung erfolgt nicht wie beim Stand der Technik von außen nach innen sondern direkt an der zu erwärmenden Wirkstelle durch Erwärmen des aktivierbaren Stoffs oder Gegenstands.It is therefore proposed according to the invention that a substance or object which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field is present in the fiber rope and can be heated or heated for the purpose of thermally fixing the fiber rope with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field is, so that the fiber rope is heated to preferably 120 ° C to 230 ° C for thermal fixation. The heating does not take place from the outside in as in the prior art, but directly at the active site to be heated by heating the activatable substance or object.

Die textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittel und deren Herstellungen zeichnen sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass diese zur Anwendung in Seiltrieben, in denen insbesondere Treibscheiben eingesetzt werden, bereitstellbar und herstellbar sind.The textile traction and / or suspension elements and their manufacture are distinguished in particular by the fact that they can be provided and manufactured for use in rope drives in which traction sheaves are used in particular.

Dazu weist das textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel wenigstens einen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand auf.For this purpose, the textile traction and / or suspension element has at least one substance and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field.

Zur Herstellung eines textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels werden nach einer Ausführungsform Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen mit wenigstens einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand zur Ausbildung eines Faserseils verbunden. Weiterhin wird das Faserseil mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Faserseils und des Stoffes und/oder Gegenstands zur thermischen Fixierung des Faserseils beaufschlagt.To produce a textile traction and / or suspension element, according to one embodiment, fibers and / or fiber strands are connected to at least one substance and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a fiber rope. Furthermore, the fiber rope is subjected to electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the fiber rope and the material and / or object for the thermal fixing of the fiber rope.

Nach einer Ausführungsform einer Herstellung eines textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels werden Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen mit wenigstens einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff zur Ausbildung eines Faserseils als primär lasttragende Komponente verbunden, das Faserseil mit einer monolithischen Mantellage ummantelt, das Faserseil mit der monolithischen Mantellage mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Faserseils und des Stoffes und/oder Gegenstands zur thermischen Fixierung des Faserseils beaufschlagt und ein Mittel durch Legen, Verdrehen, Flechten, Maschenbildung oder Rundweben von Kunstfasern und/oder Kunstfaserlitzen als sekundär lasttragende Komponente aufgebracht. Die monolithische Ummantelung ist dazu so ausgebildet, dass diese die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt.According to one embodiment of a manufacture of a textile traction and / or suspension element, fibers and / or fiber strands are connected to at least one substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a fiber rope as a primary load-bearing component, the fiber rope with a monolithic sheath layer sheathed, the fiber rope with the monolithic sheath layer with electromagnetic waves and / or the magnetic alternating field for heating the fiber rope and the material and / or object for thermal fixation of the fiber rope and a means by laying, twisting, braiding, stitch formation or Circular weaving of synthetic fibers and / or synthetic fiber strands applied as a secondary load-bearing component. For this purpose, the monolithic casing is designed such that it does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field.

Eine Herstellung eines textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels erfolgt nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform durch

  • Verbinden von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen und wenigstens einem lang gestreckten und/oder bandförmigen Gegenstand zur Ausbildung eines
    Faserseils als primär lasttragende Komponente, wobei der Gegenstand mindestens einen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einen im magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff aufweist und/oder der Gegenstand aus einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder im magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff besteht und/oder der Gegenstand als elektrischer Leiter mindestens einen mit durch Erwärmung des Leiters aktivierbaren Stoff besitzt,
  • Ummanteln des Faserseils mit einer monolithischen Mantellage, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt,
  • Beaufschlagen des Faserseils mit der monolithischen Mantellage mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Faserseils und Stoffes und/oder Gegenstands zur
    thermischen Fixierung des Faserseils und
  • Aufbringen eines Mittels durch Legen, Verdrehen, Flechten, Maschenbildung oder Rundweben von Kunstfasern und/oder Kunstfaserlitzen als sekundär lasttragende Komponente.
According to a further embodiment, a textile traction and / or suspension element is manufactured by
  • Connecting fibers and / or fiber strands and at least one elongate and / or ribbon-shaped object to form a
    Fiber rope as a primary load-bearing component, the object having at least one substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or a substance that can be activated in an alternating magnetic field and / or the object is composed of a substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field and / or the object as an electrical one Conductor has at least one substance that can be activated by heating the conductor,
  • Sheathing the fiber rope with a monolithic sheath layer that does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field,
  • Applying the monolithic sheath layer to the fiber rope with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the fiber rope and material and / or object
    thermal fixation of the fiber rope and
  • Application of an agent by laying, twisting, braiding, stitch formation or round weaving of synthetic fibers and / or synthetic fiber strands as a secondary load-bearing component.

Es wird weiter vorgeschlagen, dass bei der Herstellung des textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels beim Beaufschlagen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld das Faserseil derart in seiner Längsrichtung mittels eines Halte- und Reckwerks kraftbeaufschlagt wird, dass diese Kraftbeaufschlagung wenigstens 1 %, insbesondere wenigstens 2 %, insbesondere wenigstens 5 %, insbesondere wenigstens 10 %, insbesondere wenigstens 15 % und höchstens 25 %, insbesondere höchstens 20 % der Bruchlast des Faserseils beträgt. Wenn beispielsweise ein Faserseil mit beispielsweise ca 5,5 mm Durchmesser eine Bruchlast von 35000 Newton aufweist, so würde eine bevorzugte Kraftbeaufschlagung während des thermischen Fixierens mit 10-25 % der Bruchlast bei 3500 - 8750 Newton liegen. Bei der Herstellung der hier in Rede stehenden textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmitteln wird vorgeschlagen, dass beim Beaufschlagen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zum thermischen Fixieren des Faserseils das Faserseil mit wenigstens 3500 N, insbesondere mit wenigstens 5000 N, insbesondere mit wenigstens 8000 N in seiner Längsrichtung kraftbeaufschlagt wird. Dabei kann als obere Grenze dieser Kraftbeaufschlagung in vorteilhafter Weise 25 %, insbesondere 20 % der Bruchlast des Faserseils zu Grunde gelegt werden.It is further proposed that in the manufacture of the textile traction and / or suspension element when subjected to electromagnetic waves and / or the magnetic alternating field, the fiber rope is subjected to force in its longitudinal direction by means of a holding and stretching device such that this force application is at least 1%, in particular at least 2%, in particular at least 5%, in particular at least 10%, in particular at least 15% and at most 25 %, in particular at most 20% of the breaking load of the fiber rope. If, for example, a fiber rope with a diameter of about 5.5 mm, for example, has a breaking load of 35,000 newtons, then a preferred application of force during thermal fixing with 10-25% of the breaking load would be 3500-8750 newtons. In the manufacture of the textile traction and / or suspension means in question, it is proposed that when exposed to electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for thermal fixing of the fiber rope, the fiber rope with at least 3500 N, in particular with at least 5000 N, in particular with is subjected to a force of at least 8000 N in its longitudinal direction. The upper limit of this force application can advantageously be based on 25%, in particular 20%, of the breaking load of the fiber rope.

Das Faserseil kann ein geflochtenes, gelegtes oder geschlagenes Faserseil sein. Weiterhin kann der mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbare Gegenstand eine Faser und oder Fasern sein.The fiber rope can be a braided, laid or laid fiber rope. Furthermore, the object which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field can be a fiber and / or fibers.

Die aktivierbaren Fasern und/oder Stoffe und/oder Gegenstände sind nicht auf Wasserbasis, da Wasser zur Veränderung der mechanischen Eigenschaften führt. Das kann beispielsweise durch Einlagerung in den Molekülketten und Aufgasungen bei der Mantelextrusion durch Wasserdampf erfolgen. So werden nur durch elektromagnetische Wellen und/oder einem magnetischem Wechselfeld aktivierbare Stoffe in das Zug- und/oder Tragmittel eingebracht, die auch nach der Aktivierung vollständig im Zug- und/oder Tragmittel verbleiben. Dazu kann der Stoff vorteilhafterweise ein Seilschmierstoff sein.The activatable fibers and / or substances and / or objects are not water-based, since water leads to a change in the mechanical properties. This can be done, for example, by embedding in the molecular chains and by gassing during jacket extrusion using water vapor. For example, substances that can be activated by electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field are introduced into the traction and / or suspension element remain fully in the traction and / or suspension means even after activation. For this purpose, the substance can advantageously be a rope lubricant.

Das Mittel kann aus einer Verbindung von Fasern und/oder mineralischen Fasern und/oder von Faserlitzen aus Kunstfasern und/oder mineralischen Fasern ausgebildet sein. Dabei können die jeweilige Fasern und/oder die jeweiligen Faserlitzen durch Legen, durch Verdrehen, durch Flechten, durch Rundweben oder durch Maschenbildung miteinander verbunden sein.The agent can be formed from a connection of fibers and / or mineral fibers and / or of fiber strands made of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers. The respective fibers and / or the respective fiber strands can be connected to one another by laying, twisting, braiding, circular weaving or by forming stitches.

Weiterhin kann der Elastizitätsmodul der Fasern des Mittels kleiner als der Elastizitätsmodul von Fasern des Faserseils sein. Das Mittel nimmt so im normalen Betrieb keine oder fast keine Zugkräfte auf. Dieses mechanische Verhalten kann durch einen geringeren Elastizitätsmodul des Faserstoffes gegenüber dem Faserseil erreicht werden.Furthermore, the elastic modulus of the fibers of the agent can be smaller than the elastic modulus of fibers of the fiber rope. The agent thus absorbs almost no traction in normal operation. This mechanical behavior can be achieved by a lower modulus of elasticity of the fiber compared to the fiber rope.

Darüber hinaus kann der Steigungswinkel der Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen des Mittels größer als der Steigungswinkel von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen des Faserseils sein. Das Mittel nimmt so im normalen Betrieb keine oder fast keine Zugkräfte auf. Dieses mechanische Verhalten kann durch einen größeren Steigungswinkel (Schlagwinkel oder Flechtwinkel) gegenüber dem Faserseil erreicht werden.In addition, the pitch angle of the fibers and / or fiber strands of the agent can be greater than the pitch angle of fibers and / or fiber strands of the fiber rope. The agent thus absorbs almost no traction in normal operation. This mechanical behavior can be achieved by a larger pitch angle (lay angle or braid angle) compared to the fiber rope.

Durch diese Seilkonstruktionen und deren Realisierungen mittels der jeweiligen Herstellungsverfahren können die textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittel die Anforderungen in Traktionstrieben vollständig erfüllen. Anwendungen können insbesondere solche sein, in denen Treibscheibenaufzüge oder Treibscheibenwinden zum Einsatz kommen. Damit können die textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittel als Hubseile bei fördertechnischen Anwendungen eingesetzt werden.As a result of these rope constructions and their implementation using the respective manufacturing processes, the textile traction and / or suspension means can fully meet the requirements in traction drives. Applications can in particular be those in which traction sheave lifts or traction sheave winches are used. The textile traction and / or suspension means can thus be used as hoisting ropes in conveyor applications.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Patentansprüchen 2 bis 10 und 12 bis 15 angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in claims 2 to 10 and 12 to 15.

Das Faserseil mit dem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand ist nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 2 eine primär lasttragende Komponente. Das Faserseil weist eine monolithische Mantellage auf, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt. Weiterhin besitzt die monolithische Mantellage ein Mittel als Ummantelung als sekundär lasttragende Komponente, welche bei und/oder nach Versagen der primär lasttragenden Komponente die lasttragende Komponente des textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels ist. Das textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel weist mehrere lasttragende Komponenten auf, so dass ein lokales Abfließen der primär lasttragenden Komponente durch Materialermüdung zu einer Lastübertragung auf die sekundär lasttragende Komponente führt. In der Folge verändert sich die Oberflächentopologie, die von außen sichtbar ist und somit die Ablegereife des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels.The fiber rope with the material and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field is, according to the development of claim 2, a primary load-bearing component. The fiber rope has a monolithic sheath layer that does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field. Furthermore, the monolithic jacket layer has a means as a sheathing as a secondary load-bearing component, which is the load-bearing component of the textile traction and / or suspension element when and / or after the failure of the primary load-bearing component. The textile traction and / or suspension element has several load-bearing components, so that local drainage of the primary load-bearing component due to material fatigue leads to a load transfer to the secondary load-bearing component. As a result, the surface topology changes, which is visible from the outside, and thus the maturity of the traction and / or suspension element.

Das Faserseil und der aktivierbare Stoff und/oder Gegenstand kann vorteilhafterweise mit wenigstens einer Quelle elektromagnetischer Wellen mit einer Frequenz gleich/größer 300 MHz bis kleiner/gleich 20 GHz und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld mit einer Frequenz gleich/größer 300 MHz bis kleiner/gleich 6 GHz erwärmt werden.The fiber rope and the activatable substance and / or object can advantageously with at least one source of electromagnetic waves with a frequency equal to / greater than 300 MHz to less than / equal to 20 GHz and / or an alternating magnetic field with a frequency equal to / greater than 300 MHz to less than / equal to 6 GHz can be heated.

Die Restbruchkraft des Mittels ist bei und/oder nach Versagen des Faserseils nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 3 größer als die maximal zulässige Belastung des textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels.The residual breaking strength of the means is greater than and / or after failure of the fiber rope according to the further development of claim 3 than the maximum permissible load of the textile traction and / or suspension element.

Die Bruchkraft des Mittels ist nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 4 mindestens 12,5% der Bruchkraft des Faserseils. Damit ist Bruchkraft des Mittels größer 12,5% und kleiner/gleich 100% der Bruchkraft des Faserseils. Weiterhin ist der Masseanteil des Mittels kleiner als 30% des Masseanteils des Faserseils. Damit ist der Masseanteil des Mittels größer 0 und kleiner 30% des Masseanteils des Faserseils. Diese Bedingungen sind insbesondere bei der Herstellung und damit im Neuzustand als Ausgangszustand vorhanden und bei der Realisierung einzuhalten.The breaking strength of the agent is at least 12.5% of the breaking force of the fiber rope according to the development of claim 4. This means that the breaking strength of the agent is greater than 12.5% and less than or equal to 100% of the breaking strength of the fiber rope. Furthermore, the mass fraction of the agent is less than 30% of the mass fraction of the fiber rope. The mass fraction of the mean is therefore greater than 0 and less than 30% of the mass fraction of the fiber rope. These conditions are present as a starting state in particular during manufacture and thus in new condition and must be complied with during implementation.

Nach einer Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 5 ist der mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbare Stoff ein Seilschmierstoff.According to a further development of patent claim 5, the substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field is a rope lubricant.

Das Zug- und/oder Tragmittel weist nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 6 wenigstens einen lang gestreckten und/oder bandförmigen Gegenstand aus oder mit einem aktivierbaren Schmierstoff als Stoff auf. Damit kann sich der Schmierstoff im Inneren der Faserlitzen und/oder zwischen den Fasern und/oder zwischen den Faserlitzen und/oder in der Mitte des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels befinden. Der Gegenstand kann aus Garnen mit synthetischen, mineralischen, keramischen oder natürlichen Fäden oder aus metallischen Drähten bestehen, der so den Schmierstoff während des Ummantelungsprozesses der monolithischen Mantellage speichert.According to the development of patent claim 6, the traction and / or suspension element has at least one elongated and / or band-shaped object made of or with an activatable lubricant as a substance. The lubricant can thus be located inside the fiber strands and / or between the fibers and / or between the fiber strands and / or in the middle of the traction and / or suspension element. The article can consist of yarns with synthetic, mineral, ceramic or natural threads or of metallic wires, which thus stores the lubricant during the coating process of the monolithic jacket layer.

Nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 7 weist oder weisen der Faserstoff und/oder der Stoff und/oder wenigstens ein Additiv im Stoff und/oder Gegenstand eine relative Permittivität oder relative Permittivitäten größer Fünf auf. Damit ist der jeweilige Stoff elektromagnetisch aktivierbar. Damit können Stoffe, Additive und/oder Gegenstände zum Einsatz gelangen, die bei Raumtemperatur im festen oder hochviskosen Zustand vorliegen. Das können beispielsweise Wachse und Fette oder auch Faserstoffe als Festschmierstoffe sein. Als Additive können beispielsweise metallische oder kunststoffhaltige Materialien zum Einsatz kommen. Eine Beaufschlagung der aktivierbaren Stoffe im Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit elektromagnetischen Wellen kann somit einfach zu einer gezielten und definierten Erwärmung des Faserseils auf ein materialabhängiges Temperaturniveau jeweils einschließlich von 120°C bis 230°C führen.
Darüber hinaus kann die monolithische Mantellage vorteilhafterweise aus einem Kunststoff bestehen, dessen relative Permittivität eine von Fünf geringere Permittivität als der elektromagnetisch aktivierbare Stoff und/oder Gegenstand und/oder Fasergarn aufweist oder aufweisen und dadurch weniger schnell erwärmbar ist.According to the development of patent claim 7, the fiber material and / or the material and / or at least one additive in the material and / or object have or have a relative permittivity or relative permittivities greater than five. The respective substance can thus be activated electromagnetically. This means that substances, additives and / or objects can be used which are in a solid or highly viscous state at room temperature. The skill for example waxes and fats or also fibrous materials as solid lubricants. For example, metallic or plastic-containing materials can be used as additives. Exposure to the activatable substances in the traction and / or suspension element with electromagnetic waves can therefore easily lead to a targeted and defined heating of the fiber rope to a material-dependent temperature level, in each case including from 120 ° C. to 230 ° C.
In addition, the monolithic jacket layer can advantageously consist of a plastic, the relative permittivity of which has or is less than five permittivities lower than that of the electromagnetically activatable substance and / or object and / or fiber yarn and is therefore less heatable.

Der Gegenstand und/oder der Stoff besitzt oder besitzen nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 6 Partikel und/oder Körper aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material. Dazu kommen beispielsweise Mikropulver, Stäube, Fasern und/oder
Nanoröhrchen (sogenannte Nanotubes) zum Einsatz. Diese können aus Graphit und/oder wenigstens einem Metall bestehen.The object and / or the substance owns or have 6 particles and / or bodies made of an electrically conductive material. In addition, there are, for example, micropowder, dusts, fibers and / or
Nanotubes (so-called nanotubes) are used. These can consist of graphite and / or at least one metal.

Das Zug- und/oder Tragmittel besitzt nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 7 mindestens einen elektrischen Leiter als Gegenstand.The traction and / or suspension means has at least one electrical conductor as the subject of the development of claim 7.

Die Weiterbildungen der Patentansprüche 6 und/oder 7 führen vorteilhafterweise dazu, dass der Gegenstand und/oder der Stoff mittels eines elektromagnetischen Feldes erwärmt werden kann oder können. Dazu kann das mit oder ohne der Mantellage versehene Zug- und/oder Tragmittel durch einen mit einem Generator verbundenen Induktor geführt werden, so dass dieses kontinuierlich erwärmt werden kann.The further developments of claims 6 and / or 7 advantageously result in the object and / or the substance being able to be heated by means of an electromagnetic field. For this purpose, the traction and / or suspension element provided with or without the jacket layer can be passed through an inductor connected to a generator, so that it can be heated continuously.

Im Zug- und/oder Tragmittel befindet oder befinden sich nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 8 wenigstens ein Sensorelement zur Detektion des Bruchs des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels. Ein lokaler Kraftabfluss kann zu dessen Bruch und des darin implementierten Sensorelements führen, der so detektierbar ist. Darüber hinaus kann das Sensorelement auch so ausgelegt sein, dass mechanische und/oder geometrische Eigenschaftsänderungen des Sensorelements selbst detektierbar sind. Das Sensorelement kann dazu beispielsweise mit einer Widerstandsmesseinrichtung und/oder einer optischen, akustischen und/oder elektrischen Laufzeitmesseinrichtung verbunden sein.At least one sensor element for detecting the breakage of the traction and / or suspension means is or are located in the traction and / or suspension means. A local outflow of force can lead to its breakage and the sensor element implemented therein, which can be detected in this way. In addition, the sensor element can also be designed such that mechanical and / or geometric property changes of the sensor element itself can be detected. For this purpose, the sensor element can be connected, for example, to a resistance measuring device and / or an optical, acoustic and / or electrical transit time measuring device.

Das textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel wird nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 11 mit einer monolithischen Lage ummantelt.The textile traction and / or suspension element is covered with a monolithic layer according to the development of claim 11.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung prinzipiell dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is shown in principle in the drawing and is described in more detail below.

Es zeigt die

  • Fig. 1 ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel,
  • Fig. 2 ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit langgestreckten Gegenständen mit einem Seilschmierstoff im Querschnitt,
  • Fig. 3 ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit verteiltem Seilschmierstoff im Querschnitt und
  • Fig. 4 ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit einem Mittel auf der Mantellage.
It shows the
  • Fig. 1 a textile traction and / or suspension element,
  • Fig. 2 a textile traction and / or suspension element with elongated objects with a rope lubricant in cross section,
  • Fig. 3 a textile traction and / or suspension element with distributed rope lubricant in cross section and
  • Fig. 4 a textile traction and / or suspension element with an agent on the jacket layer.

Im nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispiel werden textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel und Verfahren zur Herstellung textiler Zug- und/oder Tragmittel zusammen näher erläutert.In the following exemplary embodiment, textile traction and / or suspension means and methods for producing textile traction and / or suspension means are explained in more detail together.

Ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel besteht im Wesentlichen aus dem Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit wenigstens einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand 2.A textile traction and / or suspension means essentially consists of the traction and / or suspension means with at least one substance and / or object 2 that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel in einer prinzipiellen Darstellung.The Fig. 1 shows a textile traction and / or suspension element in a basic representation.

Dazu werden die Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen mit dem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand 2 zur Ausbildung des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels miteinander verbunden und anschließend mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels und des Stoffes und/oder Gegenstands 2 zur thermischen Fixierung des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels beaufschlagt. Damit ist das textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel als ein beispielsweise geflochtenes Faserseil 1 mit wenigstens einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand 2 und/oder Faserstoff realsiert. In diesem kann sich wenigstens ein Sensorelement 3 zur Detektion des Bruchs des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels befinden.For this purpose, the fibers and / or fiber strands are connected to one another with the substance and / or object 2 that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form the traction and / or suspension element and then with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field Heating of the traction and / or suspension means and the material and / or object 2 is applied for thermal fixation of the traction and / or suspension means. The textile traction and / or suspension element is thus realized as a, for example, braided fiber rope 1 with at least one substance and / or object 2 and / or fiber material that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field. This can contain at least one sensor element 3 for detecting the breakage of the traction and / or suspension element.

Ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel besteht in einer Ausführungsform aus dem geflochtenen Faserseil 1 mit dem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand 2 als die primär lasttragende Komponente und einer monolithischen Mantellage 4 auf dem Faserseil 1. Die monolithische Mantellage 4 ist transparent für die elektromagnetischen Wellen oder das magnetische Wechselfeld zum Aktivieren des Stoffes und/oder Gegenstands 2 und/oder Fasern.In one embodiment, a textile traction and / or suspension element consists of the braided fiber rope 1 with the substance and / or object 2 that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or a magnetic alternating field as the primary load-bearing component and a monolithic sheath layer 4 on the fiber rope 1. The monolithic cladding layer 4 is transparent to the electromagnetic waves or the alternating magnetic field for activating the substance and / or object 2 and / or fibers.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit langgestreckten Gegenständen 2 mit einem Seilschmierstoff im Querschnitt in einer prinzipiellen Darstellung.The Fig. 2 shows a textile traction and / or suspension element with elongated objects 2 with a rope lubricant in cross section in a basic representation.

Zur Herstellung eines textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels erfolgt ein

  • Flechten von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen mit wenigstens einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff zur Ausbildung eines Faserseils 1 als primär lasttragende Komponente,
  • Ummanteln des Faserseils 1 mit einer monolithischen Mantellage 4, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt und einen Austritt des Stoffes verhindert und
  • Beaufschlagen des Faserseils 1 mit der monolithischen Mantellage 4 mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Faserseils 1 und des Stoffes zur thermischen Fixierung des Faserseils. Der Stoff kann dazu insbesondere ein Schmierstoff 5 sein.
For the production of a textile traction and / or suspension element, a
  • Braiding fibers and / or fiber strands with at least one material which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a fiber rope 1 as a primary load-bearing component,
  • Sheathing the fiber rope 1 with a monolithic sheath layer 4, which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field and prevents the material from escaping and
  • Applying the monolithic cladding layer 4 to the fiber rope 1 with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the fiber rope 1 and the material for thermally fixing the fiber rope. For this purpose, the substance can in particular be a lubricant 5.

Dazu zeigt die Fig. 3 ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit verteiltem Schmierstoff 5 im Querschnitt in einer prinzipiellen Darstellung.The shows Fig. 3 a basic illustration of a textile traction and / or suspension element with distributed lubricant 5 in cross section.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit einem Mittel 6 auf der Mantellage 4 in einer prinzipiellen Darstellung.The Fig. 4 shows a textile traction and / or suspension means with a means 6 on the jacket layer 4 in a basic representation.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform befindet sich auf der Mantellage 4 ein Mittel 6 als eine sekundär lasttragende Komponente.In a further embodiment, there is a means 6 on the jacket layer 4 as a secondary load-bearing component.

Zur Herstellung eines weiteren textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels kann dazu in einer weiteren Ausführungsform ein

  • Flechten von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen und wenigstens einem lang gestreckten und/oder bandförmigen Gegenstand 2 zur Ausbildung eines Faserseils 1 als primär lasttragende Komponente, wobei der Gegenstand 2 mindestens einen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einen im magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff aufweist und/oder der Gegenstand aus einem mit
    elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder im magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff besteht und/oder der Gegenstand als elektrischer Leiter mindestens einen mit durch Erwärmung aktivierbaren Stoff besitzt,
  • Ummanteln des Faserseils 1 mit einer monolithischen Mantellage 4, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt,
  • Beaufschlagen des Faserseils 1 mit der monolithischen Mantellage 4 mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Faserseils 1 und Stoffes und/oder Gegenstands 2 zur thermischen Fixierung des Faserseils 1 und
  • Aufbringen eines Mittels 6 durch Legen, Verdrehen, Flechten, Maschenbildung oder Rundweben von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen als sekundär lasttragende Komponente
    erfolgen.
To produce a further textile traction and / or suspension element, a further embodiment can be used
  • Braiding fibers and / or fiber strands and at least one elongated and / or ribbon-shaped object 2 to form a fiber rope 1 as a primary load-bearing component, the object 2 having at least one substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or a substance that can be activated in an alternating magnetic field and / or the item from one with
    electromagnetic waves and / or substance that can be activated in the alternating magnetic field and / or the object as an electrical conductor has at least one substance that can be activated by heating,
  • Sheathing the fiber rope 1 with a monolithic sheath layer 4, which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field,
  • Applying the fiber rope 1 with the monolithic cladding layer 4 with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the fiber rope 1 and material and / or object 2 for thermal fixing of the fiber rope 1 and
  • Application of an agent 6 by laying, twisting, braiding, stitch formation or circular weaving of fibers and / or fiber strands as a secondary load-bearing component
    respectively.

Das Faserseil 1 weist wenigstens einen lang gestreckten und/oder bandförmigen Gegenstand 2 aus oder mit einem durch elektromagnetische Wellen und/oder im magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff auf, der insbesondere ein Schmierstoff 5 ist.The fiber rope 1 has at least one elongate and / or band-shaped object 2 made of or with a substance which can be activated by electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field, which is in particular a lubricant 5.

Das geflochtene Faserseil 1 mit dem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand 2 der textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittel der Ausführungsformen ist eine primär lasttragende Komponente. Das Faserseil 1 weist die monolithische Mantellage 4 auf, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt. Die monolithische Mantellage 4 besitzt ein Mittel 6 als sekundär lasttragende Komponente, welche bei und/oder nach Versagen der primär lasttragenden Komponente die lasttragende Komponente des textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels ist.The braided fiber rope 1 with the material that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field and / or object 2 of the textile traction and / or suspension means of the embodiments is primary load-bearing component. The fiber rope 1 has the monolithic sheath layer 4, which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field. The monolithic jacket layer 4 has a means 6 as a secondary load-bearing component, which is the load-bearing component of the textile traction and / or suspension element in the event of and / or after failure of the primary load-bearing component.

Das Mittel 6 kann dazu aus einer Verbindung von Kunstfasern und/oder mineralischen Fasern und/oder von Faserlitzen aus Kunstfasern und/oder mineralischen Fasern ausgebildet sein, wobei die jeweilige Fasern und/oder die jeweiligen Faserlitzen durch Legen, durch Verdrehen, durch Flechten, durch Rundweben oder durch Maschenbildung miteinander verbunden sind. Der Elastizitätsmodul der Kunstfasern des Mittels kann vorteilhafterweise kleiner als der Elastizitätsmodul von Fasern des Faserseils 1 sein. Darüber hinaus kann der Steigungswinkel der Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen des Mittels 6 größer als der Steigungswinkel von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen des Faserseils 1 sein.For this purpose, the means 6 can be formed from a connection of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers and / or of fiber strands made of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers, the respective fibers and / or the respective fiber strands being laid, twisted, braided Circular weaving or are connected by stitch formation. The modulus of elasticity of the synthetic fibers of the agent can advantageously be smaller than the modulus of elasticity of fibers of the fiber rope 1. In addition, the pitch angle of the fibers and / or fiber strands of the means 6 can be greater than the pitch angle of fibers and / or fiber strands of the fiber rope 1.

Das textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel kann so ausgebildet sein, dass die Restbruchkraft des Mittels 6 bei und/oder nach Versagen des Faserseils 1 größer als die maximal zulässige Belastung des textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels ist. Weiterhin können die Bruchkraft des Mittels 6 mindestens 12,5% der Bruchkraft des Faserseils 1 und der Masseanteil des Mittels 6 kleiner als 30% des Masseanteils des Faserseils 1 sein.The textile traction and / or suspension element can be designed such that the residual breaking strength of the means 6 during and / or after failure of the fiber rope 1 is greater than the maximum permissible load of the textile tension and / or suspension element. Furthermore, the breaking force of the means 6 can be at least 12.5% of the breaking force of the fiber rope 1 and the mass fraction of the means 6 can be less than 30% of the mass fraction of the fiber rope 1.

Der Stoff des Ausführungsbeispiels kann insbesondere ein Schmierstoff 5 sein.The substance of the exemplary embodiment can in particular be a lubricant 5.

Darüber hinaus kann der Stoff Partikel aus elektrisch leitfähigen Materialien oder Körpern besitzen.In addition, the substance can have particles of electrically conductive materials or bodies.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann das jeweilige Mittel 6 eine monolithische Lage aufweisenIn a further embodiment, the respective means 6 can have a monolithic layer

Claims (15)

Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel zur Anwendung in Seiltrieben,mit einem Faserseil (1), wobei das textile Zug- und/oder Tragmittel wenigstens einen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand (2) aufweist, wobei Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen mit dem wenigstens einen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand (2) zur Ausbildung des Faserseils (1) verbunden sind, und
wobei das Faserseil (1) durch Beaufschlagung mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Faserseils (1) und des Stoffs und/oder Gegenstands (2) auf 120°C bis 230°C thermisch fixiert worden ist.Textile traction and / or support means for use in rope drives, with a fiber rope (1), the textile traction and / or support means having at least one substance and / or object (2) which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field, wherein fibers and / or fiber strands are connected to the at least one substance and / or object (2) which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form the fiber rope (1), and
wherein the fiber rope (1) has been thermally fixed to 120 ° C to 230 ° C by exposure to electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the fiber rope (1) and the material and / or object (2). Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Faserseil (1) eine primär lasttragende Komponente ist, dass das Zug- und/oder Tragmittel eine monolithische Mantellage (4) aufweist, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt, und dass die monolithische Mantellage (4) ein Mittel (6) als sekundär lasttragende Komponente besitzt, welche bei und/oder nach Versagen der primär lasttragenden Komponente die lasttragende Komponente des textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels ist.Textile traction and / or suspension means according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber rope (1) is a primary load-bearing component, that the traction and / or suspension means has a monolithic shell layer (4) which the electromagnetic waves and / or magnetic alternating field does not shield, and that the monolithic jacket layer (4) has a means (6) as a secondary load-bearing component, which is the load-bearing component of the textile traction and / or suspension element in the event of and / or after failure of the primary load-bearing component. Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel nach Patentanspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Restbruchkraft des Mittels (6) bei und/oder nach Versagen des Faserseils (1) größer als die maximal zulässige Belastung des textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels ist.Textile traction and / or suspension element according to claim 2, characterized in that the residual breaking strength of the means (6) in the event of and / or after failure of the fiber rope (1) is greater than the maximum permissible Load of the textile traction and / or suspension means. Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel nach Patentanspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bruchkraft des Mittels (6) mindestens 12,5% der Bruchkraft des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels ist und dass der Masseanteil des Mittels (6) kleiner als 30% des Masseanteils des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels ist.Textile traction and / or suspension means according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the breaking strength of the means (6) is at least 12.5% of the breaking strength of the traction and / or suspension means and that the mass fraction of the means (6) is less than 30% of the mass fraction of the traction and / or suspension means. Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stoff ein Seilschmierstoff ist.Textile traction and / or suspension element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance is a rope lubricant. Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zug- und/oder Tragmittel wenigstens einen lang gestreckten und/oder bandförmigen Gegenstand (2) aus oder mit einem aktivierbaren Schmierstoff (5) als Stoff aufweist.Textile traction and / or suspension element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the traction and / or suspension element has at least one elongate and / or band-shaped object (2) made of or with an activatable lubricant (5) as a substance , Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stoff und/oder Gegenstand (2) und/oder wenigstens ein Additiv im Stoff und/oder Gegenstand (2) eine relative Permittivität oder relative Permittivitäten größer Fünf aufweist oder aufweisen.Textile traction and / or suspension element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance and / or object (2) and / or at least one additive in the substance and / or object (2) has a relative permittivity or relative permittivities greater Has five or have. Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gegenstand (2) und/oder der Stoff Partikel und/oder Körper aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material besitzt oder besitzen.Textile traction and / or suspension element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the object (2) and / or the substance has or have particles and / or bodies made of an electrically conductive material. Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mindestens einen elektrischen Leiter als Gegenstand besitzt.Textile traction and / or suspension element according to claim 1, characterized in that the traction and / or suspension element has at least one electrical conductor as an object. Textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich im Zug- und/oder Tragmittel wenigstens ein Sensorelement (3) zur Detektion des Bruchs des Zug- und/oder Tragmittels befindet.Textile traction and / or suspension element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is at least one sensor element (3) in the traction and / or suspension element for detecting the breakage of the traction and / or suspension element. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels nach Anspruch 1, wobei Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen mit wenigstens einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand (2) zur Ausbildung eines Faserseils (1) verbunden werden,
wobei das Faserseil (1) mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Faserseils (1) und des Stoffes und/oder Gegenstands (2) auf 120°C bis 230°C zur thermischen Fixierung des Faserseils (1) beaufschlagt wird.Method for producing a textile traction and / or suspension element according to claim 1, wherein fibers and / or fiber strands with at least one substance and / or object (2) which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a fiber rope (1) get connected,
wherein the fiber rope (1) is subjected to electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the fiber rope (1) and the material and / or object (2) to 120 ° C to 230 ° C for thermal fixing of the fiber rope (1) , Verfahren zur Herstellung eines textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels nach Anspruch 11, wobei der aktivierbare Stoff ein Seilschmierstoff ist.A method for producing a textile traction and / or suspension element according to claim 11, wherein the activatable substance is a rope lubricant. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines textilen Zug- und/oder Tragmittels nach Anspruch 11, wobei der Gegenstand (2) ein langgestreckter und/oder bandförmiger Gegenstand (2) aus oder mit einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Schmierstoff (5) als Stoff ist.A method for producing a textile traction and / or suspension element according to claim 11, wherein the object (2) is an elongated and / or band-shaped object (2) made of or with a lubricant (5) which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field. as a substance. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, 12 oder 13 mit den folgenden Schritten: - Verbinden von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen mit wenigstens einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff und/oder Gegenstand (2) zur Ausbildung eines Faserseils (1) als primär lasttragende Komponente, - Ummanteln des Faserseils (1) mit einer monolithischen Mantellage (4), welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt, - Beaufschlagen des Faserseils (1) mit der monolithischen Mantellage (4) mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des Faserseils (1) und des Stoffes und/oder Gegenstands (2) zur thermischen Fixierung des Faserseils (1) und - Aufbringen eines Mittels (6) durch Legen, Verdrehen, Flechten, Maschenbildung oder Rundweben von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen als sekundär lasttragende Komponente und gegebenenfalls Ummanteln mit einer weiteren monolithischen Lage (7). Method according to claim 11, 12 or 13 with the following steps: Connecting fibers and / or fiber strands with at least one substance and / or object (2) which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a fiber rope (1) as a primary load-bearing component, - sheathing the fiber rope (1) with a monolithic sheath layer (4) which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field, - Applying the fiber rope (1) with the monolithic jacket layer (4) with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the fiber rope (1) and the material and / or object (2) for thermal fixing of the fiber rope (1) and - Applying an agent (6) by laying, twisting, braiding, stitch formation or round weaving of fibers and / or fiber strands as a secondary load-bearing component and optionally sheathing with a further monolithic layer (7). Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 11, 12, 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Faserseil (1) beim Beaufschlagen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld derart in seiner Längsrichtung mittels eines Halte- und Reckwerks kraftbeaufschlagt wird, dass diese Kraftbeaufschlagung wenigstens 1 %, insbesondere wenigstens 2 %, insbesondere wenigstens 5 %, insbesondere wenigstens 10 %, insbesondere wenigstens 15 % und höchstens 35 %, insbesondere höchstens 30 %, insbesondere höchstens 25 %, insbesondere höchstens 20 % der Bruchlast des Faserseils beträgt und/oder dass diese Kraftbeaufschlagung wenigstens 3500 N, insbesondere wenigstens 5000 N, insbesondere wenigstens 8000 N beträgt.A method according to claim 11, 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that the force rope (1) is acted upon in its longitudinal direction when subjected to electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field by means of a holding and stretching mechanism such that this force application is at least 1%. , in particular at least 2%, in particular at least 5%, in particular at least 10%, in particular at least 15% and at most 35%, in particular at most 30%, in particular at most 25%, in particular at most 20% of the breaking load of the Fiber rope and / or that this force application is at least 3500 N, in particular at least 5000 N, in particular at least 8000 N.
EP19187140.9A 2018-07-21 2019-07-18 Textile traction and / or support means and method for producing textile traction and / or support means Active EP3597820B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202018003494.0U DE202018003494U1 (en) 2018-07-21 2018-07-21 Textlies tensile and / or suspension means
DE102018005927.9A DE102018005927A1 (en) 2018-07-21 2018-07-21 Textile traction and / or suspension means and method for producing textile traction and / or suspension means
DE102018005926.0A DE102018005926A1 (en) 2018-07-21 2018-07-21 Textile traction and / or suspension means and method for producing textile traction and / or suspension means
DE202018003493.2U DE202018003493U1 (en) 2018-07-21 2018-07-21 Textile tensile and / or suspension means

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