EP3592553A1 - Adaptive laminated panel element - Google Patents

Adaptive laminated panel element

Info

Publication number
EP3592553A1
EP3592553A1 EP18710816.2A EP18710816A EP3592553A1 EP 3592553 A1 EP3592553 A1 EP 3592553A1 EP 18710816 A EP18710816 A EP 18710816A EP 3592553 A1 EP3592553 A1 EP 3592553A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
composite element
disc
adaptive
crystal layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18710816.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Leo Keller
Martin HAINFELLNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Am7vision GmbH
Original Assignee
Am7vision GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Am7vision GmbH filed Critical Am7vision GmbH
Publication of EP3592553A1 publication Critical patent/EP3592553A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
    • B60J3/04—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles adjustable in transparency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
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    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/02—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at the vehicle front, e.g. structure of the glazing, mounting of the glazing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1313—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells specially adapted for a particular application
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133502—Antiglare, refractive index matching layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G02F1/133638—Waveplates, i.e. plates with a retardation value of lambda/n
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/08—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 light absorbing layer
    • G02F2201/086—UV absorbing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/28—Adhesive materials or arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
    • G02F2413/02—Number of plates being 2
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
    • G02F2413/12—Biaxial compensators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
    • G02F2413/14—Negative birefingence

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an adaptive disc composite element for a vehicle windshield or a helmet visor and to a method for producing the adaptive disk composite element, wherein the disk composite element has at least one liquid crystal layer (LCD layer).
  • LCD layer liquid crystal layer
  • Rear windows for vehicles have, in particular, the function of protecting the occupants of the vehicle and of delimiting the interior of the vehicle from the surroundings while at the same time allowing the view from the vehicle into the surroundings.
  • Slices are increasingly proposed which have tints to influence the light irradiation in the vehicle or which have fine lines to allow heating of the discs.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive
  • a further object is in particular also the provision of an optimized, adaptive device for
  • An adaptive disk composite member for a vehicle windshield or helmet visor may include first and second disks, a liquid crystal layer, and at least one tie layer.
  • the connection layer may be provided for connecting the first and second disks at a distance from each other.
  • the liquid crystal layer may be disposed between the first and second discs and / or applied to a surface of a first or second disc and preferably adhered thereto.
  • the transparency of the adaptive disc composite element can be achieved by controlling the
  • Liquid crystal layer can be changed via electrodes.
  • Liquid crystal layer a disc for a vehicle or a helmet visor
  • the disk can be configured evenly or multiply spatially curved.
  • the liquid crystal layer may be provided on the inside of the adaptive disk composite member and thus attached to an outer surface of the first or second disk.
  • the liquid crystal layer between the first and second disc may be integrated or preferably laminated.
  • the disk composite element can be designed as safety glass for use as a vehicle window.
  • Safety glass is to be understood in particular as a disk structure which fulfills the requirement according to ECE regulations R43: Addendum 42, Revision 3, August 2009, 2012.
  • the adaptive laminated composite element can also be advantageously used for building glazing, aircraft passenger windows, ships and boats become.
  • Liquid crystal layer between the first and second disc allow additional noise reduction, when using the disc composite element in, for example, a vehicle.
  • the adaptive composite disc may be configured as a sunroof of a vehicle to protect the driver from light. About one
  • the switching times are preferably ⁇ 1 second and more preferably ⁇ 0.5 seconds. Due to these short switching times, it is possible to rapidly switch the adaptive laminated composite from a state of maximum light transmittance to a state of reduced transmittance, so that glare can be reduced or eliminated very quickly.
  • the liquid crystal layer can be controlled such that the switching times are infinitely variable in speed.
  • Switching speed is infinitely adjustable.
  • Vehicle window, the device and the method for preventing or reducing the glare can be used according to DE 10 2011 084 730 AI.
  • the disclosure of the document DE 10 2011 084 730 AI is included in the present application in its entirety.
  • An adaptive disc composite member may be provided a layer structure having a first and second disc, a
  • Liquid crystal layer and at least one connection layer for connecting the first and second disc with a distance from each other, wherein the
  • Refractive indices and the arrangement of the layers and layer thicknesses are designed such that the requirements of ECE Regulation R43, Addendum 4.2, Version 3, August 29, 2012 can be met.
  • An adaptive disk composite element can be designed as safety glass for use as a vehicle window. More preferably, the first disc has a thickness in the range of 2.5 to 3.5 mm, the compound-layer liquid crystal layer has a thickness in the range of 1.5 mm, and the second disc has a thickness in the range of 2 to 3 mm. This can be beneficial to the
  • the adaptive disk composite member may include an index matching agent that enables a nearly Fresnel reflection-free
  • Disc composite element can be designed as polarization-free, homeotropically oriented structure so that the transmission requirements according to ECE Regulation R43, Addendum 4.2, Revision 3, August 29, 2012 can be met.
  • the liquid crystal layer as electrically controllable birefringent nematic liquid display designed to allow maximum contrast ratios, so that one
  • Disk composite element can be used in particular as a side window or sunroof of a vehicle.
  • the liquid crystal layer is divided into different segments, so that it is possible to use only specific areas of the
  • Glare effects can be specifically reduced without simultaneously achieving an excessive darkening.
  • the adaptive disc composite member may be integrated with a driving system in a vehicle such that automatic darkening of the disc composite member is enabled.
  • the disk composite element can have different coatings, wherein by appropriate selection of the materials, the glare protection in the spectral range of 380 to 780 nm can be optimized.
  • the properties of the disk composite element for the spectral range of 280 to 400 nm and 780 to 3000 nm can be favorably influenced by appropriate choice of the materials for the coatings.
  • Coating thus comprises in particular a structure and / or a
  • Material composition which allows to reduce the electromagnetic radiation in the range between 280 to 400 nm and in the range of 780 to 3000 nm.
  • IR filter layers and / or UV filter layers are provided. This leads to the further advantage that a heating of the interior of the vehicle can be reduced because certain electromagnetic
  • the adaptive disk composite member may include a tie layer which is a birefringence-free adhesive layer.
  • a tie layer which is a birefringence-free adhesive layer.
  • the transmission properties of Disc compound further improve, so that the maximum transmission of the disc composite element is preferably> 70%.
  • the birefringence-free adhesive layer as a connection between the first and second disc, it is also possible to provide a safety glass for use as a vehicle window. In particular, this safety glass meets the requirements of ECE regulations R43: Addendum 42, Revision 3, August 29, 2012.
  • the disc composite element has at least one
  • the disk composite element comprises as liquid crystal layer an electrically controllable, birefringent, nematic liquid display with a column width of preferably 2-25 ⁇ m and a
  • Phase delay parameter of preferably 0.5 to 0.7 ⁇ and a
  • a liquid crystal material exhibiting a negative dielectric anisotropy and wherein a compensation means is provided for compensating the
  • the compensation means may comprise at least one uniaxial, negative K / 2 C plate with a preferred delay with respect to the
  • Incidence direction x and / or y (in the x-y plane of the disc element) of 200-300 nm and a negative, bi-axial ⁇ / 2 plate with a preferred
  • Disc element of 20-150 nm.
  • the indication nm refers to a distance around the corresponding direction of incidence of the linear
  • Polarization is delayed (x, y) and (z).
  • the liquid crystal layer between the first and second disks is
  • the disc composite element may particularly preferably optical
  • optical filter layers are provided, which are designed such that a reduction of the electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength of up to 400 nm to less than 1% is achieved.
  • filter layers may be provided for reducing the incident
  • these optical filter layers are set up such that the electromagnetic radiation can be reduced to below 0.8% at a wavelength of 780 nm to 3000 nm.
  • a liquid crystal layer comprising a nematic liquid crystal substance.
  • the liquid crystal layer can advantageously be switched to at least a first state in which the light transmittance is maximized and to a second state in which the light transmittance is minimized, so that the
  • the liquid crystal layer of the disc composite element is advantageously divided into segments. These segments can each be individually controlled and darkened.
  • gaps are provided between the electrodes of the liquid crystal layer, which have a column width of 20 to 60 ⁇ m. Due to this small gap between the electrodes In the liquid crystal layer, it is possible to improve the optical properties of the disc composite member, and in particular, it is possible to make the segmentation of the liquid crystal layer nearly invisible to the human eye. Disturbing segment transitions are therefore not recognizable.
  • the liquid crystal layer has different segments, wherein the distance between two adjacent segments is ⁇ 70 ⁇ m. This small distance makes it possible to further increase the optical properties of the disk composite element.
  • the disk composite element may have a liquid crystal layer which is a polarizer-free, positive phase changing liquid display layer having a gap thickness of 2 to 25 ⁇ m and a ratio d / p of the LC director of the liquid crystal layer between 0.5 and 2.
  • This particularly advantageous liquid crystal layer allows a further improvement of the transmission properties of the disc composite element as well as an optimal control of the disc composite element with optimized switching times.
  • the distance between the electrode substrates of the liquid crystal layer is d and the slope of the LC director (liquid crystal director) of the liquid crystal substance is denoted by p.
  • the liquid crystal layer of the disc composite may comprise a liquid crystal material having a negative electrical Shows anisotropy and which in the off state (in particular stress-free state) has a homo-motive orientation.
  • the liquid crystal layer comprises an electrically controllable, birefringent, nematic liquid display.
  • This liquid display preferably has a column width of 2 to 8 ⁇ and a phase delay parameter of 0.5 to 0.7 ⁇ and a liquid crystal material showing a negative dielectric anisotropy. Compensation means are also advantageously provided for compensating the loss of effect of crossed polarization films and the optically anisotropic, homeotropically aligned liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal layer on a plastic substrate with a thickness of 50 to 300 ⁇ .
  • the liquid-crystal layer preferably also has a glass substrate with a thickness of 50 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • An adaptive laminated composite element may advantageously comprise the following components in the order given: First glass sheet / adhesive film as a bonding layer / polarizing filter sheet / liquid crystal layer Polarizing filter sheet / adhesive sheet as a bonding layer / second glass sheet.
  • This particularly preferred structure allows the formation of a disc composite element, which is particularly suitable for safe use as a vehicle window.
  • OCA optically clear adhesive
  • the refractive indices of the layers of the disc composite element are matched to one another such that the transmission through the disc composite element is maximized and preferably the maximum transmission of the disc composite element is> 70%. This is achieved in particular by minimizing reflection losses.
  • a windscreen may advantageously be constructed of an above-mentioned adaptive disc composite element.
  • this windshield has a plurality of segmented liquid crystal layers, which are arranged between the first and second disc and / or applied to a surface of one of the first or second disc and wherein the segments along the surface of the windshield (along the curved or planar Surface of the windshield) are arranged, these segments are preferably arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions along the surface of the windshield.
  • the above-described adaptive composite disk element can be used as part of a vehicle glazing, an automotive glazing or a helmet visor.
  • the automotive glazing is a glazing in the vehicle interior, in particular a glazing of blades, decorative surfaces or functional surfaces or a glazing, which separates a vehicle interior from the external environment of the vehicle, in particular a window or door glazing.
  • a method of manufacturing the adaptive disc composite described above may include the steps of:
  • the adaptive disk composite element may advantageously have a coating on the first or second disk, wherein this coating has a refractive index ⁇ 1.8 and a layer thickness ⁇ 250 ⁇ .
  • this coating has a refractive index ⁇ 1.8 and a layer thickness ⁇ 250 ⁇ .
  • the coating is composed of several individual layers.
  • the adaptive disk composite element may advantageously have two index matching layers, so that by appropriate design of these index matching layers (index matched), a maximum transmission of the disk composite element> 70%.
  • the laminated composite element can have optical filter layers, these optical filter layers advantageously comprising at least one UV thin-film edge filter and / or a plastic film with incorporated dye and / or a UV thin-film edge filter and / or an IR thin-film edge filter.
  • the optical filter layer may advantageously be a plastic film with integrated or applied reflective or absorbent material.
  • the disk composite element can advantageously have two antireflection coatings, wherein at least one antireflection coating contains titanium dioxide or silicon dioxide.
  • the adaptive disk composite element may advantageously comprise a first and / or second disk which is designed as a pane safety glass, wherein preferably the first and second disk is transparent to visible light.
  • the tie layer may preferably contain at least one of the following materials: PVB (polyvinyl butyral), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PU (polyurethanes), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), EVA, co-PC (co-polycarbonate).
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PU polyurethanes
  • COP cyclic olefin polymer
  • EVA co-PC (co-polycarbonate).
  • the liquid crystal layer may be disposed between the sheets, which are glass sheets, by means of two adhesive sheets or adhesive material.
  • the discs may also be made of translucent flexible or non-flexible plastic.
  • first or second disc On at least one side of the first or second disc may be applied an antireflection coating containing a construction of thin layers of alternating high and low refractive index dielectric material.
  • an antireflection coating containing a construction of thin layers of alternating high and low refractive index dielectric material. This advantageous embodiment, the optical properties of the disc composite element can be further increased.
  • the antireflection layer advantageously has niobium oxide as the material.
  • a laminated composite element which has layers which have the same as possible refractive index.
  • the adaptive composite disk may additionally comprise a thermal barrier coating which may be used as a sunscreen to achieve high thermal insulation.
  • the first and second discs of the adaptive disc composite member may be referred to as a disc glass, a disc safety glass, partially preloaded Single pane, laminated safety glass or laminated safety glass with toughened safety glass.
  • the abovementioned coatings can preferably be applied directly to the first and / or second pane by sputtering in a vacuum (sputtering technique), by physical vapor deposition, by chemical vapor deposition, by spin coating methods or by a dipping method.
  • a vacuum sputtering technique
  • physical vapor deposition by physical vapor deposition
  • chemical vapor deposition by spin coating methods or by a dipping method.
  • the adaptive disc composite element may comprise more than the first and the second disc and in particular may be three, four or five discs, which preferably consist of glass and / or plastic.
  • the bonding layer may preferably be configured as a film and in particular as a PVB film or EVA film (ethyl vinyl acetate film). Alternatively, the connection of the discs by means of a casting resin is possible.
  • the liquid crystal layer may be configured as a film containing liquid crystals. Such a film allows the film to be darkened
  • phase transition of the liquid crystals of a transparent, strictly ordered structure, which makes the film appear dark in transmission in a birefringent phase (the phase is delayed by 180 ° and thus rotates the linear polarization axis by exactly 90 °), the visible Transmits light, switched (or vice versa, depending on the liquid crystal mode used).
  • the phase delay ( ⁇ ) follows the following approximation: ⁇ «2 ⁇ / ⁇ ( ⁇ nd) (where ⁇ is the wavelength of the light, d the column width and ⁇ the difference of the extraordinary (n e ) minus the ordinary (no) refractive index of the liquid crystal medium.
  • the liquid-crystal layer may be provided in the disk composite element in such a way that only a part of this disk composite element has this liquid-crystal layer, so that not the entire surface of the disc composite element having the liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal layer is provided only in an edge region of the disk composite element, and more preferably, the liquid crystal layer is present only on an area of one third of the total area of the disk composite element.
  • An LCD panel for a sunroof (in particular of a vehicle) can be provided particularly advantageously with the described adaptive disk composite elements.
  • a plurality of disc composite elements (preferably four) disc composite elements may form at least one (preferably four) LCD panel of a sunroof, wherein the disc composite elements may be arranged such that the preferred viewing angle range is located in (preferably four) different quadrants and thereby in effect for the occupants of a Vehicle creates a multi-domain display.
  • the disk composite element may preferably have a circumferential seal which seals the region between the first and second disk.
  • the layers between the panes can thereby be sealed to the outside.
  • the circulation seal is preferably a PUR seal (polyurethane) which seals the pane composite element (glass sandwich) and embeds the liquid crystal element (or liquid crystal layer) in a floating manner.
  • PUR seal polyurethane
  • the particularly advantageous floating embedding can be achieved by using a soft material (preferably PUR) for the recirculating seal.
  • a method for producing the disc composite element advantageously comprises a low-pressure / low-temperature plastic injection method, in particular for applying the peripheral seal.
  • a tool (steel tool) is built around the discs which has several injectors at the periphery.
  • a low-melting plastic (preferably about 100-150 ° C) can then under low pressure (preferably about 0.2-0.4 MPa) are injected as a seal between the first and second disc.
  • the pane thus receives a clean seal, is resistant to environmental influences and can be installed without further measures.
  • Figure 1 Shows the structure of a conventional safety glass
  • Figure 2 shows a first construction of the adaptive composite disk element of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a second structure of the adaptive invention
  • Figure 4 shows a third construction of the adaptive composite disk element of the present invention
  • Figure 5a Shows the construction of a windshield using the adaptive disc composite member of the present invention
  • Figure 5b Shows a structure of a side window / sunroof under
  • Figure 6 shows the spectral transmission range of the adaptive disc composite of the present invention
  • Figure 7a shows another advantageous construction of the adaptive disc composite element of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7b shows the structure of the adaptive disk composite element with peripheral seal
  • FIG. 8 shows a table of a particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment the disc composite element
  • Figure 9 shows the structure of a sunroof with four LCD panels
  • FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, the structure of a conventional safety glass, as used for example in vehicle construction.
  • the safety glass consists of a first slice Sl, which is glued via a connecting layer V with a second disc S2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a construction of an adaptive disk composite element according to the present invention.
  • a first slice Sl which preferably consists of a glass material.
  • This first disc Sl has an outer surface which is free, and an inner surface which is contacted with the connecting layer V. Via the connection layer V, it is possible to establish a connection between the first disk Sl and the second disk S2 while ensuring a spacing between the disks S1 and S2.
  • This structure thus corresponds to the construction of a safety glass.
  • the liquid crystal layer LC is provided on the inside of the second disk S2.
  • the liquid crystal layer LC is preferably an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) film.
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • the illustrated adaptive disc composite may be advantageous for the
  • Windshield of a vehicle can be used, wherein particularly preferably the liquid crystal layer is divided into different segments.
  • the liquid crystal layer LC is preferably composed of an upper substrate and a lower substrate facing each other with a liquid crystal material interposed between these substrates.
  • an upper polarization layer and a lower polarization layer may be provided on the outside of the upper and / or lower substrate.
  • a compensation film which is particularly preferred for Reducing the dependence of optical properties on the viewing angle in the top, or in both, polarization layers positioned, the compensation film each compensate for the loss of light from crossed polarizers and the elliptical polarization of anisotropic, homeotropically arranged liquid crystals at larger angles of incidence.
  • the compensation scheme follows the concept that the homeotropic liquid crystal layer (uniaxial, positive K / 2 C plate,) is compensated with a uniaxial, negative K / 2 C plate (eg COP).
  • the light loss of crossed polarizers can be compensated for example with a positive and a negative, uniaxial ⁇ / 6 plate, or, again, for example, with a biaxial K / 2 retardation plate (xy 220 nm, z 55 nm) (eg COP).
  • FIG. 3 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the adaptive disk composite element.
  • the liquid crystal layer LC is provided, wherein between the liquid crystal layer LC and the first disc Sl and the second disc S2 each have a connecting layer VI, V2 and an optical filter Fl, F2 provided.
  • the optical filters Fl, F2 can be configured as an optical filter layer and in particular as a UV thin-film edge filter and / or an I R thin-film edge filter.
  • the bonding layers VI, V2 are preferably composed of at least one of the following materials: PVB, PET, PVC, PU, COP, EVA, co-PC.
  • the liquid crystal layer LC is designed in the embodiment of Figure 3 as a positive phase-change LCD.
  • a phase change LCD as the liquid crystal layer LC, it is possible to provide a structure which is particularly suitable for use as a windshield of a vehicle. Particularly preferred, therefore, a windshield for a car or truck can be provided.
  • the bonding layers VI, V2 are as a birefringence-free adhesive layer formed, so that it is possible to form a disc composite element, which is suitable as safety glass for use as a vehicle window.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the adaptive disk composite element according to the invention.
  • optical filter layers Fl, F2 are provided between the first slice Sl and the second slice S2 optical filter layers Fl, F2. These optical filter layers are designed with matching refractive indices (index matching).
  • connecting layers VI and V2 are provided, which make it possible to form a safety glass.
  • connecting layers VI and V2 are provided on the liquid crystal layer LC.
  • additional polarization and compensation layers PI and P2 are provided on the liquid crystal layer LC.
  • the liquid crystal layer LC is designed in this embodiment as a birefringent nematic liquid crystal display, so that this structure is particularly suitable for side windows and solar control glazings.
  • FIG. 5a shows a windshield with an adaptive disk composite element.
  • This laminated composite member is divided into segments IL through 4R, and thus vertically and horizontally along the surface of the windshield.
  • the disc composite may also have more than four segments.
  • the individual segments of the windshield can be controlled individually or jointly, so that selectively different areas of the windshield can be darkened.
  • the individual segments SEG adjoin one another, wherein invisible columns G are provided between the segments SEG.
  • the gaps G are so small that they are optically imperceptible to the human eye.
  • the width of the gaps G is less than 70 ⁇ .
  • FIG. 5b shows the segmentation of a side window or sunroof.
  • the adaptive disk composite element is exemplary in three Divided segments.
  • the first segment SEG 1, the second segment SEG 2 and the third segment SEG 3 are arranged adjacently, the invisible gap G being provided between these segments.
  • the liquid crystal layer LC used according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 is used as the liquid crystal layer LC.
  • FIG. 6 shows the spectral transmission profile of the adaptive disk composite element of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows the spectral transmission profile of the adaptive disk composite element of the present invention.
  • the electromagnetic radiation to a wavelength of 400 nm can be reduced to less than 1% and as the electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength in the range of 780 nm to 3000 nm reduced to ⁇ 0.8% can be.
  • the optical filters Fl, F2 used are in particular UV thin-film edge filters (sputtered
  • Interference filter or an absorbing substance, e.g. B. a dye which is incorporated in a plastic film.
  • the UV filter may additionally be combined with an IR thin-film edge filter or it may additionally be used as a reflective or absorbent material, e.g. As silver or copper, be provided, which is applied to a plastic film or introduced.
  • the two edge filters are used in transmission to the bandpass filter for the visible radiation according to FIG.
  • the refractive indices of the layers used are preferably optimized with the Fresnel equations in such a way that a maximum transmission of the safety glass results, so that reflection losses can be avoided.
  • FIG. 7 a shows a construction of a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention.
  • the connecting layers VI and V2 are provided, which are directly adjacent to the first disc Sl and the second disc S2 and connected thereto.
  • the preferred layer thickness of the first connection layer VI and the second connection layer V2 is 125 ⁇ .
  • Adjacent to the first Compound layer VI and the second connection layer V2 is a polarization layer and an optical filter and Fl F2 provided.
  • the optical filter Fl, F2 additionally has a compensation layer.
  • the compensation layer is integrated in the polarizer and the filters are on the
  • the compensation layer can be constructed to be reflective and / or absorbent.
  • the optical filter is connected to the liquid crystal layer LC through an adhesive layer K (or bonding layer).
  • the liquid-crystal layer LC comprises two LCD substrate layers 8, each of which has an electrode E1, E2 on one surface.
  • the electrodes El, E2 are connected via the connecting element VB with a drive. Between the mutually facing electrodes El and E2, a gap is provided, in which the liquid crystal material is located, as well as spacers SP, which are preferably constructed of plastic.
  • FIG. 8 contains further explanations with regard to the layer thicknesses and the refractive index and the preferred material of the layers of a particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment (see also FIG. 7).
  • Figure 9 shows the structure of a sunroof with four different LCD panels (I, II, III and IV). Each of these LCD panels can be configured as a disk composite element, these being provided separately or in conjunction with each other.
  • the best viewing angle range (see arrows in FIG. 9) of the four displays is designed, for example, such that the vehicle occupants have a 4-domain formation of the LCD roof. This means that the attenuation of the light through the sunroof, in the most different directions of incidence of sunlight, for all occupants as uniform as possible precipitates.

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Abstract

The invention relates to an adaptive laminated panel element for a vehicle window or a helmet visor, having a first and a second panel S1, S2, a liquid crystal layer LC and at least one connecting layer V1, V2 for connecting the first and second panel S1, S2 together at a spacing. The liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first and second panel S1, S2 and/or has been applied to a surface of one of the first or second panel S1, S2. The transparency of the adaptive laminated panel element is variable by controlling the liquid crystal layer via electrodes.

Description

Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement  Adaptive disc composite element
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein adaptives Scheibenverbundelement für eine Fahrzeugscheibe oder ein Helmvisier sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements, wobei das Scheibenverbundelement zumindest eine Flüssigkristallschicht (LCD-Schicht) aufweist. The present invention relates to an adaptive disc composite element for a vehicle windshield or a helmet visor and to a method for producing the adaptive disk composite element, wherein the disk composite element has at least one liquid crystal layer (LCD layer).
Windschutzscheiben und Schiebedächer sowie Seitenscheiben und Windscreens and sunroofs as well as side windows and
Heckscheiben für Fahrzeuge haben insbesondere die Funktion, die Insassen des Fahrzeugs zu schützen und den Innenraum des Fahrzeugs von der Umgebung abzugrenzen und gleichzeitig die Sicht aus dem Fahrzeug in die Umgebung zu ermöglichen. Vermehrt werden Scheiben vorgeschlagen, welche Tönungen aufweisen, um die Lichteinstrahlung in das Fahrzeug zu beeinflussen oder welche feine Leitungen aufweisen, um eine Beheizung der Scheiben zu ermöglichen. Rear windows for vehicles have, in particular, the function of protecting the occupants of the vehicle and of delimiting the interior of the vehicle from the surroundings while at the same time allowing the view from the vehicle into the surroundings. Slices are increasingly proposed which have tints to influence the light irradiation in the vehicle or which have fine lines to allow heating of the discs.
Zur Verringerung des Lichteinfalls durch eine transparente Scheibe in die Augen von Personen in einem Fahrzeug gibt es verschiedene Einrichtungen wie z. B. Sonnenblenden, Sonnenschutzrollos, dunkle Klebefolien für durchsichtige To reduce the incidence of light through a transparent pane in the eyes of people in a vehicle, there are various facilities such. B. sun visors, sun blinds, dark adhesive films for transparent
Scheiben, verdunkelbare Rückspiegel, getönte Scheibenblendklappen, etc. Diese Einrichtungen haben jedoch eine Vielzahl von Nachteilen wie beispielsweise eine unveränderbare konstante Lichtdämpfung, eine komplette Abdunklung des gesamten Sichtbereichs einer transparenten Scheibe durch die Tönung oder die vollständige optische Ausblendung durch das Abblendmittel. Windows, black-out rearview mirrors, tinted window flaps, etc. These devices, however, have a number of disadvantages such as an invariable constant light attenuation, a complete darkening of the entire field of view of a transparent pane by the tint or the complete optical blanking by the dimming.
Die vorliegende Erfindung adressiert die oben genannten Nachteile und beschreibt ein adaptives Scheibenverbundelement für eine Fahrzeugscheibe oder ein Helmvisier mit dem die Blendwirkung durch Lichtquellen vermieden bzw. The present invention addresses the above-mentioned disadvantages and describes an adaptive disc composite element for a vehicle windscreen or a helmet visor with which the glare effect by light sources avoided or
reduziert werden kann. can be reduced.
Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein adaptives An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive
Scheibenverbundelement für eine Fahrzeugscheibe oder ein Helmvisier bereitzustellen. Insbesondere ist es eine Aufgabe, eine Vorrichtung zur To provide disc composite element for a vehicle window or a helmet visor. In particular, it is an object to provide a device for
Reduzierung der Blendung der Insassen oder des Führers eines Fahrzeugs bereitzustellen. Eine weitere Aufgabe ist insbesondere auch das Bereitstellen einer optimierten, adaptiven Vorrichtung zur Reducing the glare of the occupants or the leader of one Vehicle provide. A further object is in particular also the provision of an optimized, adaptive device for
einstellbaren Reduzierung der Blendung der Fahrzeuginsassen oder  adjustable reduction of glare of the vehicle occupants or
eines Helmträgers.  a helmet wearer.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. The dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.
Ein adaptives Scheibenverbundelement für eine Fahrzeugscheibe oder ein Helmvisier kann eine erste und eine zweite Scheibe, eine Flüssigkristallschicht und zumindest eine Verbindungsschicht aufweisen. Die Verbindungsschicht kann zum Verbinden der ersten und zweiten Scheibe mit einem Abstand zueinander vorgesehen sein. Die Flüssigkristallschicht kann zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe angeordnet sein und/oder auf einer Fläche einer ersten oder zweiten Scheibe aufgebracht und bevorzugt aufgeklebt sein. Die Transparenz des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements kann durch Ansteuerung der An adaptive disk composite member for a vehicle windshield or helmet visor may include first and second disks, a liquid crystal layer, and at least one tie layer. The connection layer may be provided for connecting the first and second disks at a distance from each other. The liquid crystal layer may be disposed between the first and second discs and / or applied to a surface of a first or second disc and preferably adhered thereto. The transparency of the adaptive disc composite element can be achieved by controlling the
Flüssigkristallschicht über Elektroden veränderbar sein. Durch dieses vorteilhafte adaptive Scheibenverbundelement ist es möglich, durch Verwendung der  Liquid crystal layer can be changed via electrodes. By this advantageous adaptive composite disk element, it is possible by using the
Flüssigkristallschicht eine Scheibe für ein Fahrzeug oder ein Helmvisier  Liquid crystal layer a disc for a vehicle or a helmet visor
bereitzustellen, welche durch Ansteuerung über Elektroden abgedunkelt werden kann, sodass die Blendwirkung für den Fahrer oder Helmträger entsprechend reduziert oder vermieden werden kann. Die Scheibe kann dabei eben oder mehrfach räumlich gekrümmt ausgestaltet sein. Die Flüssigkristallschicht kann an der Innenseite des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements vorgesehen sein und somit an einer Außenfläche der ersten oder zweiten Scheibe angebracht sein. Zudem kann die Flüssigkristallschicht zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe integriert bzw. bevorzugt einlaminiert sein. Das Scheibenverbundelement kann als Sicherheitsglas zum Einsatz als Fahrzeugscheibe ausgestaltet sein. Als  to provide, which can be darkened by driving on electrodes, so that the dazzling effect for the driver or helmet wearer can be reduced or avoided accordingly. The disk can be configured evenly or multiply spatially curved. The liquid crystal layer may be provided on the inside of the adaptive disk composite member and thus attached to an outer surface of the first or second disk. In addition, the liquid crystal layer between the first and second disc may be integrated or preferably laminated. The disk composite element can be designed as safety glass for use as a vehicle window. When
Sicherheitsglas ist dabei insbesondere ein Scheibenaufbau zu verstehen, der die Anforderung gemäß der ECE Vorschriften R43: Addendum 42, Revision 3, August 2009, 2012 erfüllt. Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann vorteilhaft auch für Gebäudeverglasung, Flugzeug-Passagierfenster, Schiffe und Boote verwendet werden. Safety glass is to be understood in particular as a disk structure which fulfills the requirement according to ECE regulations R43: Addendum 42, Revision 3, August 2009, 2012. The adaptive laminated composite element can also be advantageously used for building glazing, aircraft passenger windows, ships and boats become.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die zusätzliche Another advantage of the present invention is the additional
Schalldämpfung welche durch das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement erreicht werden kann. Insbesondere die Verbindungsschicht zusammen mit der Sound attenuation which can be achieved by the adaptive disc composite element. In particular, the bonding layer together with the
Flüssigkristallschicht zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe erlauben eine zusätzliche Schallreduktion, beim Einsatz des Scheibenverbundelements in bspw. einem Fahrzeug. Liquid crystal layer between the first and second disc allow additional noise reduction, when using the disc composite element in, for example, a vehicle.
Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann als Sonnendach eines Fahrzeugs ausgestaltet sein, um den Fahrer vor Lichteinfall zu schützen. Über ein The adaptive composite disc may be configured as a sunroof of a vehicle to protect the driver from light. About one
elektrisches Feld ist es möglich, Teile oder die gesamte Fläche des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements mit der Flüssigkristallschicht aufzuhellen oder zu verdunkeln. Die Schaltzeiten sind dabei bevorzugt < 1 Sekunde und weiter bevorzugt < 0,5 Sekunden. Durch diese kurzen Schaltzeiten ist es möglich, sehr schnell das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement von einem Zustand der maximalen Lichtdurchlässigkeit in einen Zustand der reduzierten Lichtdurchlässigkeit zu schalten, sodass sehr schnell eine Blendwirkung reduziert oder aufgehoben werden kann. electric field, it is possible to lighten or darken parts or the entire surface of the adaptive laminated composite with the liquid crystal layer. The switching times are preferably <1 second and more preferably <0.5 seconds. Due to these short switching times, it is possible to rapidly switch the adaptive laminated composite from a state of maximum light transmittance to a state of reduced transmittance, so that glare can be reduced or eliminated very quickly.
Vorteilhaft kann die Flüssigkristallschicht derart angesteuert werden, dass die Schaltzeiten in der Geschwindigkeit stufenlos schaltbar sind. Die Advantageously, the liquid crystal layer can be controlled such that the switching times are infinitely variable in speed. The
Flüssigkeitskristallschicht ist daher vorteilhaft derart ausgebildet, dass die Liquid crystal layer is therefore advantageously designed such that the
Schaltgeschwindigkeit stufenlos einstellbar ist. Switching speed is infinitely adjustable.
Zur Ansteuerung eines adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements für eine For driving an adaptive disc composite element for a
Fahrzeugscheibe kann die Vorrichtung und das Verfahren zur Vermeidung bzw. Reduzierung der Blendwirkung gemäß der DE 10 2011 084 730 AI verwendet werden. Der Offenbarungsgehalt der Schrift DE 10 2011 084 730 AI wird in die vorliegende Anmeldung vollumfänglich mitaufgenommen. Vehicle window, the device and the method for preventing or reducing the glare can be used according to DE 10 2011 084 730 AI. The disclosure of the document DE 10 2011 084 730 AI is included in the present application in its entirety.
Es kann ein adaptives Scheibenverbundelement bereitgestellt werden, welches einen Schichtaufbau aufweist mit einer ersten und zweiten Scheibe, einer An adaptive disc composite member may be provided a layer structure having a first and second disc, a
Flüssigkristallschicht und zumindest einer Verbindungsschicht zum Verbinden der ersten und zweiten Scheibe mit einem Abstand zueinander, wobei die Liquid crystal layer and at least one connection layer for connecting the first and second disc with a distance from each other, wherein the
Brechungsindizes sowie die Anordnung der Schichten und Schichtdicken derart ausgestaltet sind, dass die Vorschriften gemäß der ECE Vorschrift R43, Addendum 4.2, Version 3, August 29, 2012 erfüllt werden können. Refractive indices and the arrangement of the layers and layer thicknesses are designed such that the requirements of ECE Regulation R43, Addendum 4.2, Version 3, August 29, 2012 can be met.
Ein adaptives Scheibenverbundelement kann als Sicherheitsglas zum Einsatz als Fahrzeugscheibe ausgestaltet sein. Besonders bevorzugt weist die erste Scheibe dazu eine Dicke im Bereich von 2.5 - 3.5 mm, die Flüssigkristallschicht mit Verbindungschicht eine Dicke im Bereich vonl-1.5 mm und die zweite Scheibe eine Dicke im Bereich von 2- 3 mm auf. Dadurch können vorteilhaft die An adaptive disk composite element can be designed as safety glass for use as a vehicle window. More preferably, the first disc has a thickness in the range of 2.5 to 3.5 mm, the compound-layer liquid crystal layer has a thickness in the range of 1.5 mm, and the second disc has a thickness in the range of 2 to 3 mm. This can be beneficial to the
Erfordernisse für ein Sicherheitsglas bei optimalem Gewicht und Requirements for a safety glass with optimum weight and
Transmissionsverhalten erreicht werden. Transmission behavior can be achieved.
Unter Fahrzeuge sind vorliegend insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge (PKW, LKW, Busse) sowie Krafträder und im erweiterten Sinne auch Schienenfahrzeuge, Wasserfahrzeuge und Flugzeuge zu verstehen. Ein weiterer Vorteil für den Einsatz des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements für die Verglasung von Fahrzeugen ist insbesondere in der besseren Kontrolle des Klimas im Fahrzeuginnenraum zu sehen, sowie die Möglichkeit der zielgerichteten Abschattung des Under vehicles are present in particular motor vehicles (cars, trucks, buses) and motorcycles and in a broader sense also rail vehicles, watercraft and aircraft to understand. Another advantage for the use of the adaptive laminated composite element for the glazing of vehicles can be seen in particular in the better control of the climate in the vehicle interior, as well as the possibility of targeted shadowing of
Fahrzeuginneren. Vehicle interior.
Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann ein Indexanpassungsmittel aufweisen, welches es ermöglicht, ein nahezu Fresnel-reflexionsfreies The adaptive disk composite member may include an index matching agent that enables a nearly Fresnel reflection-free
Scheibenverbundelement bereitzustellen. To provide disc composite element.
Weiter bevorzugt kann die Flüssigkristallschicht des adaptiven More preferably, the liquid crystal layer of the adaptive
Scheibenverbundelements als polarisationsfreie, homöotrop ausgerichtete Struktur ausgestaltet sein, sodass die Transmissionsanforderungen gemäß der ECE Verordnung R43, Addendum 4.2, Revision 3, August 29, 2012 erfüllt werden können. Zudem kann die Flüssigkristallschicht als elektrisch steuerbares doppelbrechendes nematisches Flüssigkeitsdisplay ausgestaltet sein, um maximale Kontrastverhältnisse zu ermöglichen, sodass ein solches Disc composite element can be designed as polarization-free, homeotropically oriented structure so that the transmission requirements according to ECE Regulation R43, Addendum 4.2, Revision 3, August 29, 2012 can be met. In addition, the liquid crystal layer as electrically controllable birefringent nematic liquid display designed to allow maximum contrast ratios, so that one
Scheibenverbundelement insbesondere als Seitenfenster oder Sonnendach eines Fahrzeugs verwendet werden kann. Disk composite element can be used in particular as a side window or sunroof of a vehicle.
Vorteilhaft ist die Flüssigkeitskristallschicht in verschiedene Segmente unterteilt, sodass es möglich ist, nur spezielle Bereiche des Advantageously, the liquid crystal layer is divided into different segments, so that it is possible to use only specific areas of the
Scheibenverbundelements abzudunkeln oder aufzuhellen, sodass die To darken or lighten the pane composite element, so that the
Blendwirkungen besonders gezielt reduziert werden können ohne gleichzeitig eine übermäßige Abdunkelung zu erreichen. Glare effects can be specifically reduced without simultaneously achieving an excessive darkening.
Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann in einem Fahrzeug derart mit einem Ansteuerungssystem integriert sein, dass ein automatisches Abdunkeln des Scheibenverbundelements ermöglicht wird. The adaptive disc composite member may be integrated with a driving system in a vehicle such that automatic darkening of the disc composite member is enabled.
Vorteilhaft kann das Scheibenverbundelement verschiedene Beschichtungen aufweisen, wobei durch entsprechende Auswahl der Materialien der Blendschutz im spektralen Bereich von 380 bis 780 nm optimiert werden kann. Zudem können die Eigenschaften des Scheibenverbundelements für den spektralen Bereich von 280 bis 400 nm und 780 bis 3000 nm durch entsprechende Wahl der Materialien für die Beschichtungen vorteilhaft beeinflusst werden. Eine vorteilhafte Advantageously, the disk composite element can have different coatings, wherein by appropriate selection of the materials, the glare protection in the spectral range of 380 to 780 nm can be optimized. In addition, the properties of the disk composite element for the spectral range of 280 to 400 nm and 780 to 3000 nm can be favorably influenced by appropriate choice of the materials for the coatings. An advantageous
Beschichtung umfasst somit insbesondere einen Aufbau und/oder eine Coating thus comprises in particular a structure and / or a
Materialzusammensetzung, welche es erlauben, die elektromagnetische Strahlung im Bereich zwischen 280 bis 400 nm sowie im Bereich von 780 bis 3000 nm zu reduzieren. Dazu sind insbesondere IR-Filterschichten und/oder UV-Filterschichten vorgesehen. Dies führt zu dem weiteren Vorteil, dass eine Erhitzung des Inneren des Fahrzeugs reduziert werden kann, da bestimmte elektromagnetische Material composition, which allows to reduce the electromagnetic radiation in the range between 280 to 400 nm and in the range of 780 to 3000 nm. For this purpose, in particular IR filter layers and / or UV filter layers are provided. This leads to the further advantage that a heating of the interior of the vehicle can be reduced because certain electromagnetic
Strahlung blockiert werden kann. Radiation can be blocked.
Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann eine Verbindungsschicht aufweisen, welche eine doppelbrechungsfreie Klebeschicht ist. Durch diese vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ist es möglich, die Transmissionseigenschaften des Scheibenverbundelements weiter zu verbessern, sodass die maximale Transmission des Scheibenverbundelements bevorzugt > 70 % ist. Durch die Verwendung der doppelbrechungsfreien Klebeschicht als Verbindung zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe ist es zudem möglich, ein Sicherheitsglas zum Einsatz als Fahrzeugscheibe bereitzustellen. Insbesondere erfüllt dieses Sicherheitsglas die Voraussetzungen der ECE Vorschriften R43: Addendum 42, Revision 3, August 29, 2012. The adaptive disk composite member may include a tie layer which is a birefringence-free adhesive layer. This advantageous embodiment, it is possible, the transmission properties of Disc compound further improve, so that the maximum transmission of the disc composite element is preferably> 70%. By using the birefringence-free adhesive layer as a connection between the first and second disc, it is also possible to provide a safety glass for use as a vehicle window. In particular, this safety glass meets the requirements of ECE regulations R43: Addendum 42, Revision 3, August 29, 2012.
Vorteilhaft weist das Scheibenverbundelement zumindest eine Advantageously, the disc composite element has at least one
Antireflexbeschichtung auf, sodass die maximale Transmission des Anti-reflection coating so that the maximum transmission of the
Scheibenverbundelements > 70 % ist. Laminated composite element> 70%.
Vorteilhaft umfasst das Scheibenverbundelement als Flüssigkeitskristallschicht ein elektrisch steuerbares, doppelbrechendes, nematisches Flüssigkeitsdisplay mit einer Spaltenbreite von bevorzugt 2-25 μιη und einen Advantageously, the disk composite element comprises as liquid crystal layer an electrically controllable, birefringent, nematic liquid display with a column width of preferably 2-25 μm and a
Phasenverzögerungsparameter von bevorzugt 0,5 bis 0,7 χλ und ein Phase delay parameter of preferably 0.5 to 0.7 χλ and a
Flüssigkristallmaterial, das eine negative dielektrische Anisotropie zeigt, und wobei ein Kompensationsmittel vorgesehen ist zur Kompensation des A liquid crystal material exhibiting a negative dielectric anisotropy, and wherein a compensation means is provided for compensating the
Lichtverlustes gekreuzter Polarisationsfilms und der homootropen Ausrichtung der Flüssigkristallschicht unter größeren Einfallswinkeln des Lichtes. Loss of light of crossed polarizing film and the homotropic alignment of the liquid crystal layer under larger angles of incidence of the light.
Das Kompensationsmittel kann insbesondere mindestens aus einer uniaxialen, negativen K/2 C-Platte mit einer bevorzugten Verzögerung bezüglich der In particular, the compensation means may comprise at least one uniaxial, negative K / 2 C plate with a preferred delay with respect to the
Einfallsrichtung x und/oder y (in der x-y Ebene des Scheibenelements) von 200- 300 nm und einer negativen, bi-axialen λ /2 Platte mit einer bevorzugten Incidence direction x and / or y (in the x-y plane of the disc element) of 200-300 nm and a negative, bi-axial λ / 2 plate with a preferred
Verzögerung bezüglich der Einfallsrichtung z (entlang der Dicke z des Delay with respect to the direction of incidence z (along the thickness z of the
Scheibenelements) von 20-150 nm bestehen. Die Angabe nm bezieht sich dabei auf eine Distanz um die die entsprechende Einfallsrichtung der linearen Disc element) of 20-150 nm. The indication nm refers to a distance around the corresponding direction of incidence of the linear
Polarisation verzögert wird (x, y) und (z). Polarization is delayed (x, y) and (z).
Die Flüssigkristallschicht zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe ist The liquid crystal layer between the first and second disks is
vorteilhaft über eine doppelbrechungsfreie Klebeschicht als Verbindungsschicht an den Scheiben vorgesehen. Durch diese vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung können die vorteilhaften Transmissionswerte des Scheibenverbundelements erreicht werden. advantageous via a non-birefringent adhesive layer as a bonding layer provided on the discs. This advantageous embodiment makes it possible to achieve the advantageous transmission values of the disk composite element.
Das Scheibenverbundelement kann besonders bevorzugt optische The disc composite element may particularly preferably optical
Filterschichten zur Reduktion der elektromagnetischen Strahlung im ultravioletten Spektrum aufweisen. Bevorzugt sind optische Filterschichten vorgesehen, die derart ausgestaltet sind, dass eine Reduktion der elektromagnetischen Strahlung bei einer Wellenlänge von bis zu 400 nm auf unter 1 % erreicht wird.  Have filter layers for reducing the electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet spectrum. Preferably, optical filter layers are provided, which are designed such that a reduction of the electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength of up to 400 nm to less than 1% is achieved.
Vorteilhaft können zusätzlich oder alternativ zu oben genannten Filterschichten weitere Filterschichten vorgesehen sein zur Reduktion der einfallenden Advantageously, in addition to or as an alternative to the filter layers mentioned above, further filter layers may be provided for reducing the incident
elektromagnetischen Strahlung. Vorteilhaft sind diese optischen Filterschichten derart eingerichtet, dass die elektromagnetische Strahlung auf unter 0,8 % bei einer Wellenlänge von 780 nm bis 3000 nm reduziert werden kann.  electromagnetic radiation. Advantageously, these optical filter layers are set up such that the electromagnetic radiation can be reduced to below 0.8% at a wavelength of 780 nm to 3000 nm.
Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement umfasst vorteilhaft eine The adaptive disc composite element advantageously comprises a
Flüssigkristallschicht, welche eine nematische Flüssigkristallsubstanz umfasst.  A liquid crystal layer comprising a nematic liquid crystal substance.
Die Flüssigkristallschicht kann vorteilhaft zumindest in einen ersten Zustand geschaltet werden in dem die Lichtdurchlässigkeit maximiert ist und in einen zweiten Zustand in dem die Lichtdurchlässigkeit minimiert ist, sodass das The liquid crystal layer can advantageously be switched to at least a first state in which the light transmittance is maximized and to a second state in which the light transmittance is minimized, so that the
Scheibenverbundelement abgedunkelt, bzw. aufgehellt werden kann. In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist es möglich, zwischen diesem ersten und zweiten Zustand zusätzliche Zustände vorzusehen, die es ermöglichen, unterschiedliche Abstufungen der Verdunkelung des Scheibenverbundelements vorzusehen Disc compound dimmed, or can be lightened. In an advantageous development, it is possible to provide additional states between this first and second state, which make it possible to provide different degrees of darkening of the disk composite element
(besonders bevorzugt ist stufenloses Umschalten).  (Particularly preferred is continuous switching).
Die Flüssigkristallschicht des Scheibenverbundelements ist vorteilhaft in Segmente unterteilt. Diese Segmente können jeweils einzeln angesteuert und abgedunkelt werden. Vorteilhaft sind zwischen den Elektroden der Flüssigkristallschicht Spalten vorgesehen, welche eine Spaltenbreite von 20 bis 60 pm aufweisen. Durch diesen geringen Spaltenabstand zwischen den Elektroden der Flüssigkristallschicht ist es möglich, die optischen Eigenschaften des Scheibenverbundelements zu verbessern und insbesondere ist es möglich, die Segmentierung der Flüssigkristallschicht für das menschliche Auge nahezu unsichtbar zu machen. Störende Segmentübergänge sind somit nicht erkennbar. The liquid crystal layer of the disc composite element is advantageously divided into segments. These segments can each be individually controlled and darkened. Advantageously, gaps are provided between the electrodes of the liquid crystal layer, which have a column width of 20 to 60 μm. Due to this small gap between the electrodes In the liquid crystal layer, it is possible to improve the optical properties of the disc composite member, and in particular, it is possible to make the segmentation of the liquid crystal layer nearly invisible to the human eye. Disturbing segment transitions are therefore not recognizable.
Vorteilhaft weist die Flüssigkristallschicht verschiedene Segmente auf, wobei der Abstand zweier benachbarter Segmente < 70 μιη ist. Durch diesen geringen Abstand ist es möglich, die optischen Eigenschaften des Scheibenverbundelements weiter zu erhöhen. Advantageously, the liquid crystal layer has different segments, wherein the distance between two adjacent segments is <70 μm. This small distance makes it possible to further increase the optical properties of the disk composite element.
Zwischen zwei benachbarten Segmenten kann eine Lücke vorgesehen sein, welche frei bleibend ist, sodass insbesondere keine Abgrenzungen zwischen den benachbarten Segmenten vorgesehen sind (=abgrenzungsfreie Segmentanordnung). Durch die Vermeidung von Abgrenzungen zwischen benachbarten Segmenten ist es möglich, einen sehr kleinen Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten Segmenten zu erreichen, sodass die optischen Eigenschaften des Scheibenverbundelements weiter verbessert werden können. Insbesondere werden Reflexionen der Segmentübergänge vermieden. Between two adjacent segments, a gap may be provided which remains free, so that in particular no delimitations between the adjacent segments are provided (= demarcation-free segment arrangement). By avoiding boundaries between adjacent segments, it is possible to achieve a very small distance between two adjacent segments, so that the optical properties of the disk composite element can be further improved. In particular, reflections of the segment transitions are avoided.
Das Scheibenverbundelement kann eine Flüssigkeitskristallschicht aufweisen, die eine polarisatorfreie, positive Phasen wechselnde Flüssigkeits-Displayschicht mit einer Spaltendicke von 2 bis 25 μιη und einem Verhältnis d/p des LC-Direktors der Flüssigkristallschicht zwischen 0,5 und 2 ist. Diese besonders vorteilhafte Flüssigkeitskristallschicht ermöglicht eine weitere Verbesserung der Transmissionseigenschaften des Scheibenverbundelements sowie eine optimale Ansteuerung des Scheibenverbundelements mit optimierten Schaltzeiten. Der Abstand der Elektrodensubstrate der Flüssigkristallschicht ist dabei d und die Steigung des LC-Direktors (Liquid Crystal Director) der Flüssigkristallsubstanz ist mit p bezeichnet. The disk composite element may have a liquid crystal layer which is a polarizer-free, positive phase changing liquid display layer having a gap thickness of 2 to 25 μm and a ratio d / p of the LC director of the liquid crystal layer between 0.5 and 2. This particularly advantageous liquid crystal layer allows a further improvement of the transmission properties of the disc composite element as well as an optimal control of the disc composite element with optimized switching times. The distance between the electrode substrates of the liquid crystal layer is d and the slope of the LC director (liquid crystal director) of the liquid crystal substance is denoted by p.
Die Flüssigkeitskristallschicht des Scheibenverbundelements kann ein Flüssigkeitskristallmaterial aufweisen, welches eine negative elektrische Anisotropie zeigt und welche im ausgeschalteten Zustand (insbesondere spannungsfreier Zustand) eine homootrope Ausrichtung aufweist. Diese vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ermöglicht es, die optischen Eigenschaften des Scheibenverbundelements weiter zu optimieren und einen sicheren Einsatz als Fahrzeugscheibe zu gewährleisten. The liquid crystal layer of the disc composite may comprise a liquid crystal material having a negative electrical Shows anisotropy and which in the off state (in particular stress-free state) has a homo-motive orientation. This advantageous embodiment makes it possible to further optimize the optical properties of the disc composite element and to ensure safe use as a vehicle window.
Bevorzugt umfasst die Flüssigkeitskristallschicht ein elektrisch steuerbares, doppelbrechendes, nematisches Flüssigkeits-Display. Dieses Flüssigkeits-Display weist bevorzugt eine Spaltenbreite von 2 bis 8 μιη und einen Phasenverzögerungs- Parameter von 0,5 bis 0,7 χλ auf und ein Flüssigkristallmaterial, das eine negative dielektrische Anisotropie zeigt. Vorteilhaft sind zudem Kompensationsmittel vorgesehen zur Kompensation des Wirkungsverlustes gekreuzter Polarisationsfilme und der optisch anisotropen, homöotrop ausgerichteten Flüssigkristallschicht. Preferably, the liquid crystal layer comprises an electrically controllable, birefringent, nematic liquid display. This liquid display preferably has a column width of 2 to 8 μιη and a phase delay parameter of 0.5 to 0.7 χλ and a liquid crystal material showing a negative dielectric anisotropy. Compensation means are also advantageously provided for compensating the loss of effect of crossed polarization films and the optically anisotropic, homeotropically aligned liquid crystal layer.
Vorteilhaft weist die Flüssigkristallschicht ein Kunststoffsubstrat mit einer Dicke von 50 bis 300 μιη auf. Advantageously, the liquid crystal layer on a plastic substrate with a thickness of 50 to 300 μιη.
Bevorzugt weist die Flüssigkristallschicht zudem ein Glassubstrat mit einer Dicke von 50 bis 150 μιη auf. The liquid-crystal layer preferably also has a glass substrate with a thickness of 50 to 150 μm.
Ein adaptives Scheibenverbundelement kann vorteilhaft die folgenden Komponenten in der angegebenen Reihenfolge umfassen: Erste Scheibe aus Glas/Klebefolie als Verbindungsschicht/Polarisationfilterfolie/Flüssigkristallschicht Polarisationsfilterfolie/Klebefolie als Verbindungsschicht/zweite Scheibe aus Glas. Dieser besonders bevorzugte Aufbau ermöglicht die Ausbildung eines Scheibenverbundelements, welches sich besonders für den sicheren Einsatz als Fahrzeugscheibe eignet. An adaptive laminated composite element may advantageously comprise the following components in the order given: First glass sheet / adhesive film as a bonding layer / polarizing filter sheet / liquid crystal layer Polarizing filter sheet / adhesive sheet as a bonding layer / second glass sheet. This particularly preferred structure allows the formation of a disc composite element, which is particularly suitable for safe use as a vehicle window.
Ein adaptives Scheibenverbundelement kann vorteilhaft die folgenden Komponenten in der angegebenen Reihenfolge umfassen: Erste Scheibe aus Glas oder Kunststoff/Klebeschicht aus EVA, COP oder PU/Polarisationsfilterschicht aus TAC-PVA-TAC/Klebeschicht aus OCA (OCA = optically clear adhesive)/Flüssigkristallschicht mit Spacer aus Spaltendicke von 6 μιη/Klebeschicht aus OCA/Polarisationsfilter aus TAC-PVA-TAC/Klebeschicht aus EVA, COP oder PU/zweite Scheibe aus Glas oder Kunststoff. Dieser besonders bevorzugte Aufbau ermöglicht die Ausbildung eines adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements, welches optimale optische Eigenschaften für den Einsatz im Automobilbau aufweist. An adaptive laminated composite element may advantageously comprise the following components in the order indicated: First pane of glass or plastic / adhesive layer of EVA, COP or PU / polarizing filter layer of TAC-PVA-TAC / adhesive layer of OCA (OCA = optically clear adhesive) / liquid crystal layer with spacer of column thickness of 6 μιη / adhesive layer of OCA / polarization filter of TAC-PVA-TAC / adhesive layer of EVA, COP or PU / second disc of glass or plastic. This particularly preferred structure allows the formation of an adaptive disc composite element, which has optimal optical properties for use in the automotive industry.
Vorteilhaft sind die Brechungsindizes der Schichten des Scheibenverbundelements derart aufeinander abgestimmt, dass die Transmission durch das Scheibenverbundelement maximiert ist und bevorzugt die maximale Transmission des Scheibenverbundelements > 70 % ist. Dies wird insbesondere auch dadurch erreicht, dass Reflexionsverluste minimiert werden. Advantageously, the refractive indices of the layers of the disc composite element are matched to one another such that the transmission through the disc composite element is maximized and preferably the maximum transmission of the disc composite element is> 70%. This is achieved in particular by minimizing reflection losses.
Eine Windschutzscheibe kann vorteilhaft aus einem oben genannten adaptiven Scheibenverbundelement aufgebaut sein. Besonders vorteilhaft weist diese Windschutzscheibe eine Vielzahl von segmentierten Flüssigkristallschichten auf, welche zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe angeordnet sind und/oder auf einer Fläche einer der ersten oder zweiten Scheibe aufgebracht sind und wobei die Segmente entlang der Fläche der Windschutzscheibe (entlang der gekrümmten oder ebenen Fläche der Windschutzscheibe) angeordnet sind, wobei diese Segmente bevorzugt in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung entlang der Fläche der Windschutzscheibe angeordnet sind. A windscreen may advantageously be constructed of an above-mentioned adaptive disc composite element. Particularly advantageously, this windshield has a plurality of segmented liquid crystal layers, which are arranged between the first and second disc and / or applied to a surface of one of the first or second disc and wherein the segments along the surface of the windshield (along the curved or planar Surface of the windshield) are arranged, these segments are preferably arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions along the surface of the windshield.
Vorteilhaft kann das oben beschriebene adaptive Scheibenverbundelement als Bestandteil einer Fahrzeugverglasung, einer Automobilverglasung oder eines Helmvisiers verwendet werden. Advantageously, the above-described adaptive composite disk element can be used as part of a vehicle glazing, an automotive glazing or a helmet visor.
Weiter bevorzugt ist die Automobilverglasung eine Verglasung im Fahrzeuginnenraum, insbesondere eine Verglasung von Trennscheiben, dekorativen Flächen oder funktionalen Flächen oder eine Verglasung, die einen Fahrzeuginnenraum von der äußeren Umgebung des Fahrzeugs trennt, insbesondere eine Fenster- oder Türverglasung. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des oben beschriebenen adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements kann die Schritte umfassen: Further, the automotive glazing is a glazing in the vehicle interior, in particular a glazing of blades, decorative surfaces or functional surfaces or a glazing, which separates a vehicle interior from the external environment of the vehicle, in particular a window or door glazing. A method of manufacturing the adaptive disc composite described above may include the steps of:
- Bereitstellen einer ersten und zweiten lichtdurchlässigen Scheibe,Providing a first and second translucent disk,
- Laminieren einer Flüssigkristallschicht zwischen die erste und zweite Scheibe unter Verwendung zumindest einer VerbindungsschichtLaminating a liquid crystal layer between the first and second disks using at least one bonding layer
- Versiegeln der seitlichen Randbereiche des Scheibenverbundelements mit Hilfe eines Versiegelungsmaterials. - Sealing the lateral edge regions of the disc composite element by means of a sealing material.
Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann vorteilhaft eine Beschichtung auf der ersten oder zweiten Scheibe aufweisen, wobei diese Beschichtung einen Brechungsindex < 1,8 und eine Schichtdicke < 250 μιη aufweist. Bevorzugt ist die Beschichtung aus mehreren Einzelschichten aufgebaut. The adaptive disk composite element may advantageously have a coating on the first or second disk, wherein this coating has a refractive index <1.8 and a layer thickness <250 μιη. Preferably, the coating is composed of several individual layers.
Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann vorteilhaft zwei Indexanpassungsschichten aufweisen, sodass durch entsprechende Ausgestaltung dieser Indexanpassungsschichten (index matched) eine maximale Transmission des Scheibenverbundelements > 70 % wird. The adaptive disk composite element may advantageously have two index matching layers, so that by appropriate design of these index matching layers (index matched), a maximum transmission of the disk composite element> 70%.
Das Scheibenverbundelement kann optische Filterschichten aufweisen, wobei vorteilhaft diese optischen Filterschichten zumindest einen UV- Dünnschichtkantenfilter und/oder eine Kunststofffolie mit eingearbeitetem Farbstoff und/oder einen UV-Dünnschichtkantenfilter und/oder einen IR- Dünnschichtkantenfilter umfasst. The laminated composite element can have optical filter layers, these optical filter layers advantageously comprising at least one UV thin-film edge filter and / or a plastic film with incorporated dye and / or a UV thin-film edge filter and / or an IR thin-film edge filter.
Die optische Filterschicht kann vorteilhaft eine Kunststofffolie sein mit integriertem oder aufgebrachtem reflektierendem oder absorbierendem Material. The optical filter layer may advantageously be a plastic film with integrated or applied reflective or absorbent material.
Das Scheibenverbundelement kann vorteilhaft zwei Antireflexbeschichtungen aufweisen, wobei zumindest eine Antireflexbeschichtung Titandioxid oder Siliziumdioxid enthält. Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann vorteilhaft eine erste und/oder zweite Scheibe aufweisen, welche als ein Scheibensicherheitsglas ausgestaltet ist, wobei bevorzugt die erste und zweite Scheibe transparent für sichtbares Licht ist. The disk composite element can advantageously have two antireflection coatings, wherein at least one antireflection coating contains titanium dioxide or silicon dioxide. The adaptive disk composite element may advantageously comprise a first and / or second disk which is designed as a pane safety glass, wherein preferably the first and second disk is transparent to visible light.
Die Verbindungsschicht kann bevorzugt zumindest eines der folgenden Materialien enthalten: PVB (Polyvinylbutyral), PET (Polyethylenterephthalat), PVC (Polyvinylchlorid), PU (Polyurethane), COP (Cyclic Olefin Polymer), EVA, co-PC (Co- Polycarbonat). The tie layer may preferably contain at least one of the following materials: PVB (polyvinyl butyral), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PU (polyurethanes), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), EVA, co-PC (co-polycarbonate).
Die Flüssigkristallschicht kann mit Hilfe von zwei Klebefolien oder von Klebstoffmaterial zwischen den Scheiben, welche Glasscheiben sind, angeordnet sein. Alternativ können die Scheiben auch aus lichtdurchlässigem flexiblem oder nicht-flexiblem Kunststoff bestehen. The liquid crystal layer may be disposed between the sheets, which are glass sheets, by means of two adhesive sheets or adhesive material. Alternatively, the discs may also be made of translucent flexible or non-flexible plastic.
Auf wenigstens einer Seite der ersten oder zweiten Scheibe kann eine Antireflexbeschichtung aufgebracht sein, die einen Aufbau von dünnen Schichten aus dielektrischem Material mit abwechselnd hohem und niedrigem Brechungsindex enthält. Durch diese vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung können die optischen Eigenschaften des Scheibenverbundelements weiter erhöht werden. On at least one side of the first or second disc may be applied an antireflection coating containing a construction of thin layers of alternating high and low refractive index dielectric material. This advantageous embodiment, the optical properties of the disc composite element can be further increased.
Vorteilhaft weist die Antireflexschicht als Material Nioboxid auf. The antireflection layer advantageously has niobium oxide as the material.
Bevorzugt wird ein Scheibenverbundelement vorgeschlagen, welches Schichten aufweist, welche einen möglichst gleichen Brechungsindex aufweisen. Preferably, a laminated composite element is proposed, which has layers which have the same as possible refractive index.
Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann zusätzlich eine Wärmedämmschicht aufweisen, welche als Sonnenschutzschicht verwendet werden kann, um eine hohe Wärmedämmung zu erreichen. The adaptive composite disk may additionally comprise a thermal barrier coating which may be used as a sunscreen to achieve high thermal insulation.
Die erste und zweite Scheibe des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements kann vorteilhaft als ein Scheibenglas, ein Scheibensicherheitsglas, teilvorgespanntes Einscheibenglas, Verbundsicherheitsglas oder Verbundsicherheitsglas mit Einscheibensicherheitsglas sein. Advantageously, the first and second discs of the adaptive disc composite member may be referred to as a disc glass, a disc safety glass, partially preloaded Single pane, laminated safety glass or laminated safety glass with toughened safety glass.
Die oben genannten Beschichtungen können bevorzugt durch Kathodenzerstäubung im Vakuum (Sputtertechnik), durch physikalisches Aufdampfen, durch chemische Gasphasenabscheidung, durch Schleuderverfahren oder durch ein Tauchverfahren direkt auf die erste und/oder zweite Scheibe aufgebracht werden. The abovementioned coatings can preferably be applied directly to the first and / or second pane by sputtering in a vacuum (sputtering technique), by physical vapor deposition, by chemical vapor deposition, by spin coating methods or by a dipping method.
Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann mehr als die erste und die zweite Scheibe umfassen und insbesondere können drei, vier oder fünf Scheiben, welche bevorzugt aus Glas und/oder Kunststoff bestehen, vorliegen. The adaptive disc composite element may comprise more than the first and the second disc and in particular may be three, four or five discs, which preferably consist of glass and / or plastic.
Die Verbindungsschicht kann bevorzugt als Folie ausgestaltet sein und insbesondere als PVB-Folie oder EVA-Folie (Ethyl-Vinylacetat-Folie). Alternativ ist auch die Verbindung der Scheiben mittels eines Gießharzes möglich. The bonding layer may preferably be configured as a film and in particular as a PVB film or EVA film (ethyl vinyl acetate film). Alternatively, the connection of the discs by means of a casting resin is possible.
Die Flüssigkristallschicht kann als Folie ausgestaltet sein, welche Flüssigkristalle enthält. Eine derartige Folie ermöglicht es, die Folie von einem abgedunkeltenThe liquid crystal layer may be configured as a film containing liquid crystals. Such a film allows the film to be darkened
(gekreuzte Polariatoren) in einen transparenten Zustand oder umgekehrt durch Anlegung von Spannungen zu schalten. Hierbei wird der Phasenübergang der Flüssigkristalle von einer transparenten, streng geordneten Struktur, die die Folie in Transmission dunkel erscheinen lässt, in eine doppelbrechende Phase (die Phase wird dabei um 180° verzögert und dreht damit die lineare Polarisationsachse um exakt 90° ), die sichtbares Licht transmittieren lässt, umgeschaltet (oder umgekehrt, abhängig vom verwendeten Flüssigkristallmodus). Die Phasenverzögerung (δ) folgt dabei folgender Approximation: δ « 2π/λ (Änd) (dabei bedeutet λ die Wellenlänge des Lichtes, d die Spaltenbreite und Δη die Differenz des extraordinären (ne) minus des ordinären (no) Brechungsindices des Flüssigkristallmediums. Die Flüssigkristallschicht kann derart im Scheibenverbundelement vorgesehen sein, dass lediglich ein Teil dieses Scheibenverbundelements diese Flüssigkristallschicht aufweist, sodass nicht die gesamte Fläche des Scheibenverbundelements die Flüssigkristallschicht aufweist. Bevorzugt ist die Flüssigkristallschicht lediglich in einem Randbereich des Scheibenverbundelements vorgesehen und besonders bevorzugt ist die Flüssigkristallschicht lediglich auf einer Fläche von einem Drittel der Gesamtfläche des Scheibenverbundelements vorliegend. Durch diese Ausgestaltung ist es möglich, eine Verbundscheibe bereitzustellen, welche einen abdunkelbaren Bereich mit einer Flüssigkristallschicht aufweist und zudem einen Bereich ohne Flüssigkristallschicht. (crossed polarizers) in a transparent state or vice versa by applying voltages. Here, the phase transition of the liquid crystals of a transparent, strictly ordered structure, which makes the film appear dark in transmission, in a birefringent phase (the phase is delayed by 180 ° and thus rotates the linear polarization axis by exactly 90 °), the visible Transmits light, switched (or vice versa, depending on the liquid crystal mode used). The phase delay (δ) follows the following approximation: δ «2π / λ (Änd) (where λ is the wavelength of the light, d the column width and Δη the difference of the extraordinary (n e ) minus the ordinary (no) refractive index of the liquid crystal medium. The liquid-crystal layer may be provided in the disk composite element in such a way that only a part of this disk composite element has this liquid-crystal layer, so that not the entire surface of the disc composite element having the liquid crystal layer. Preferably, the liquid crystal layer is provided only in an edge region of the disk composite element, and more preferably, the liquid crystal layer is present only on an area of one third of the total area of the disk composite element. With this configuration, it is possible to provide a composite disk having a darkenable region with a liquid crystal layer, and also an area without a liquid crystal layer.
Ein LCD Panel für ein Sonnendach (insbesondere eines Fahrzeugs) kann besonders vorteilhaft mit den beschriebenen adaptiven Scheibenverbundelementen versehen sein. Mehrere Scheibenverbundelemente (bevorzugt vier) Scheibenverbundelemente können zumindest ein (bevorzugt vier) LCD Panel eines Sonnendaches ausbilden, wobei die Scheibenverbundelemente derart angeordnet sein können, dass der bevorzugte Sichtwinkelbereich in (bevorzugt vier) unterschiedlichen Quadranten angeordnet ist und dadurch in der Wirkung für die Insassen eines Fahrzeuges ein Multidomänen Display entsteht. An LCD panel for a sunroof (in particular of a vehicle) can be provided particularly advantageously with the described adaptive disk composite elements. A plurality of disc composite elements (preferably four) disc composite elements may form at least one (preferably four) LCD panel of a sunroof, wherein the disc composite elements may be arranged such that the preferred viewing angle range is located in (preferably four) different quadrants and thereby in effect for the occupants of a Vehicle creates a multi-domain display.
Das Scheibenverbundelement kann bevorzugt eine Umlaufdichtung aufweisen welche den Bereich zwischen erster und zweiter Scheibe abdichtet. Die Schichten zwischen den Scheiben können dadurch nach außen abgedichtet werden. Bevorzugt ist die Umlaufdichtung eine PUR Dichtung (Polyurethan) welche das welche das Scheibenverbundelement (Glassandwich) abdichtet und das Flüssigkristallelement (oder auch Flüssigkristallschicht) schwimmend einbettet. Die besonders vorteilhafte schwimmende Einbettung kann durch Verwendung eines weichen Materials (wie bevorzugt PUR) für die Umlaufdichtung erreicht werden. The disk composite element may preferably have a circumferential seal which seals the region between the first and second disk. The layers between the panes can thereby be sealed to the outside. The circulation seal is preferably a PUR seal (polyurethane) which seals the pane composite element (glass sandwich) and embeds the liquid crystal element (or liquid crystal layer) in a floating manner. The particularly advantageous floating embedding can be achieved by using a soft material (preferably PUR) for the recirculating seal.
Ein Verfahren zum Herstellen des Scheibenverbundelements umfasst vorteilhaft ein Niederdruck- / Niedertemperaturkunststoffspritzverfahren, insbesondere zum Aufbringen der Umlaufdichtung. Vorteilhaft wird rund um die Scheiben ein Werkzeug (Stahlwerkzeug) gebaut welches am Umfang mehrere Einspritzdüsen hat. Ein niedrig schmelzender Kunststoff (bevorzugt ca. 100-150°C) kann dann unter geringem Druck (bevorzugt ca. 0.2-0.4 MPa) als Dichtung zwischen die erste und zweite Scheibe gespritzt werden. Die Scheibe erhält so eine saubere Abdichtung, ist resistent gegen Umwelteinflüsse und kann ohne weitere Maßnahmen eingebaut werden. A method for producing the disc composite element advantageously comprises a low-pressure / low-temperature plastic injection method, in particular for applying the peripheral seal. Advantageously, a tool (steel tool) is built around the discs which has several injectors at the periphery. A low-melting plastic (preferably about 100-150 ° C) can then under low pressure (preferably about 0.2-0.4 MPa) are injected as a seal between the first and second disc. The pane thus receives a clean seal, is resistant to environmental influences and can be installed without further measures.
Durch die beschriebenen Konfigurationen des Scheibenverbundelements ist es zudem möglich die vorteilhaften Transmissionswerte des gesamten Scheibenverbundelements von > 70% zu erreichen. Due to the described configurations of the disc composite element, it is also possible to achieve the advantageous transmission values of the entire disc composite element of> 70%.
Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die beschriebenen Merkmale allein und in Kombination miteinander verwendet werden können, soweit sich dies insbesondere auch für den Fachmann erschließt. Insbesondere können alle in diesem Dokument beschriebenen Merkmale in beliebiger Weise miteinander kombiniert werden. Dies gilt vor allem für die in den Ansprüchen dargelegten Merkmale. It should be noted that the features described can be used alone and in combination with each other, as far as this is particularly apparent to those skilled in the art. In particular, all features described in this document can be combined with each other in any desired manner. This is especially true for the features set out in the claims.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Beispielen mit Bezug auf die beiliegenden Figuren beschrieben. The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figur 1: Zeigt den Aufbau eines herkömmlichen Sicherheitsglases; Figure 1: Shows the structure of a conventional safety glass;
Figur 2: Zeigt einen ersten Aufbau des adaptiven Scheibenverbund-elements der vorliegenden Erfindung; Figure 2: shows a first construction of the adaptive composite disk element of the present invention;
Figur 3: Zeigt einen zweiten Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen adaptiven FIG. 3: shows a second structure of the adaptive invention
Scheibenverbundelements;  Glass laminated element;
Figur 4: Zeigt einen dritten Aufbau des adaptiven Scheibenverbund-elements der vorliegenden Erfindung; Figure 4: shows a third construction of the adaptive composite disk element of the present invention;
Figur 5a: Zeigt den Aufbau einer Windschutzscheibe unter Verwendung des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements der vorliegenden Erfindung; Figure 5a: Shows the construction of a windshield using the adaptive disc composite member of the present invention;
Figur 5b: Zeigt einen Aufbau eines Seitenfensters/Sonnendachs unter Figure 5b: Shows a structure of a side window / sunroof under
Verwendung des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements der vorliegenden  Use of the adaptive disc composite of the present invention
Erfindung;  Invention;
Figur 6: Zeigt den spektralen Transmissionsbereich des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements der vorliegenden Erfindung; Figure 6: shows the spectral transmission range of the adaptive disc composite of the present invention;
Figur 7a: Zeigt einen weiteren vorteilhaften Aufbau des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements der vorliegenden Erfindung; Figure 7a: shows another advantageous construction of the adaptive disc composite element of the present invention;
Figur 7b: Zeigt den Aufbau des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements mit Umlaufdichtung; FIG. 7b shows the structure of the adaptive disk composite element with peripheral seal;
Figur 8: Zeigt eine Tabelle eines besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiels des Scheibenverbundelements; FIG. 8 shows a table of a particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment the disc composite element;
Figur 9: zeigt den Aufbau eines Sonnendaches mit vier LCD Panels; Figure 9: shows the structure of a sunroof with four LCD panels;
In Figur 1 ist beispielhaft der Aufbau eines herkömmlichen Sicherheitsglases, wie es beispielsweise im Fahrzeugbau verwendet wird, dargestellt. Das Sicherheitsglas besteht dabei aus einer ersten Scheibe Sl, welche über eine Verbindungsschicht V mit einer zweiten Scheibe S2 verklebt ist. FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, the structure of a conventional safety glass, as used for example in vehicle construction. The safety glass consists of a first slice Sl, which is glued via a connecting layer V with a second disc S2.
In Figur 2 ist ein Aufbau eines adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung dargestellt. Gemäß diesem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine erste Scheibe Sl, welche bevorzugt aus einem Glasmaterial besteht, bereitgestellt. Diese erste Scheibe Sl weist eine Außenfläche auf, welche frei bleibend ist, und eine Innenfläche, welche mit der Verbindungsschicht V kontaktiert wird. Über die Verbindungsschicht V ist es möglich, eine Verbindung zwischen der ersten Scheibe Sl und der zweiten Scheibe S2 herzustellen und dabei einen Abstand zwischen den Scheiben Sl und S2 zu gewährleisten. Dieser Aufbau entspricht somit dem Aufbau eines Sicherheitsglases. Zusätzlich wird jedoch vorgeschlagen, eine Flüssigkristallschicht LC auf der Fläche der zweiten Scheibe S2 vorzusehen. Insbesondere wird die Flüssigkristallschicht LC auf der Innenseite der zweiten Scheibe S2 vorgesehen. FIG. 2 shows a construction of an adaptive disk composite element according to the present invention. According to this first embodiment, a first slice Sl, which preferably consists of a glass material, is provided. This first disc Sl has an outer surface which is free, and an inner surface which is contacted with the connecting layer V. Via the connection layer V, it is possible to establish a connection between the first disk Sl and the second disk S2 while ensuring a spacing between the disks S1 and S2. This structure thus corresponds to the construction of a safety glass. In addition, however, it is proposed to provide a liquid crystal layer LC on the surface of the second disc S2. In particular, the liquid crystal layer LC is provided on the inside of the second disk S2.
Die Flüssigkristallschicht LC ist bevorzugt eine LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)-Folie. Das gezeigte adaptive Scheibenverbundelement kann vorteilhaft für dieThe liquid crystal layer LC is preferably an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) film. The illustrated adaptive disc composite may be advantageous for the
Windschutzscheibe eines Fahrzeugs verwendet werden, wobei besonders bevorzugt die Flüssigkristallschicht in verschiedene Segmente unterteilt ist. Die Flüssigkristallschicht LC ist bevorzugt aus einem oberen Substrat und einem unteren Substrat aufgebaut, die einander zugewandt sind, wobei ein Flüssigkristallmaterial zwischen diesen Substraten eingefügt ist. In einerWindshield of a vehicle can be used, wherein particularly preferably the liquid crystal layer is divided into different segments. The liquid crystal layer LC is preferably composed of an upper substrate and a lower substrate facing each other with a liquid crystal material interposed between these substrates. In a
Weiterbildung können eine obere Polarisationsschicht und eine untere Polarisationsschicht an der Außenseite des oberen und/oder unteren Substrats vorgesehen sein. Besonders bevorzugt ist zudem ein Kompensationsfilm, der zur Verringerung der Abhängigkeit optischer Eigenschaften vom Betrachtungswinkel in der oberen, oder in beiden, Polarisationsschichten positioniert, wobei der Kompensationsfilm jeweils den Lichtverlust von gekreuzten Polarisatoren und die elliptische Polarisation anisotroper, homeotrop angeordneter Flüssigkristalle unter grösseren Einfallswinkeln kompensiert. Das Kompensationsschema folgt dem Konzept dass die homeotrope Flüssigkristallschicht (uniaxiale, positive K/2 C- Platte,) mit einer uniaxialen, negativen K/2 C-Platte kompensiert wird (e.g. COP). Der Lichtverlust von gekreuzten Polarisatoren kann beispielsweise mit einer positiven und einer negativen, uniaxialen λ/6 Platte, oder, wieder beispielsweise, mit einer biaxialen K/2 Verzögerungsplatte (x-y 220 nm, z 55 nm) kompensiert werden (e.g. COP). Further, an upper polarization layer and a lower polarization layer may be provided on the outside of the upper and / or lower substrate. In addition, a compensation film which is particularly preferred for Reducing the dependence of optical properties on the viewing angle in the top, or in both, polarization layers positioned, the compensation film each compensate for the loss of light from crossed polarizers and the elliptical polarization of anisotropic, homeotropically arranged liquid crystals at larger angles of incidence. The compensation scheme follows the concept that the homeotropic liquid crystal layer (uniaxial, positive K / 2 C plate,) is compensated with a uniaxial, negative K / 2 C plate (eg COP). The light loss of crossed polarizers can be compensated for example with a positive and a negative, uniaxial λ / 6 plate, or, again, for example, with a biaxial K / 2 retardation plate (xy 220 nm, z 55 nm) (eg COP).
In Figur 3 ist eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements dargestellt. Zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe Sl, S2 sind verschiedene Schichten vorgesehen. Insbesondere ist die Flüssigkristallschicht LC vorgesehen, wobei zwischen der Flüssigkristallschicht LC und der ersten Scheibe Sl und der zweiten Scheibe S2 jeweils eine Verbindungsschicht VI, V2 sowie ein optischer Filter Fl, F2 vorgesehen. Die optischen Filter Fl, F2 können als optische Filterschicht ausgestaltet sein und insbesondere als UV-Dünnschichtkantenfilter und/oder I R-Dünnschichtkantenfilter. FIG. 3 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the adaptive disk composite element. Between the first and second disks Sl, S2 different layers are provided. In particular, the liquid crystal layer LC is provided, wherein between the liquid crystal layer LC and the first disc Sl and the second disc S2 each have a connecting layer VI, V2 and an optical filter Fl, F2 provided. The optical filters Fl, F2 can be configured as an optical filter layer and in particular as a UV thin-film edge filter and / or an I R thin-film edge filter.
Die Verbindungsschichten VI, V2 sind bevorzugt aus zumindest einem der folgenden Materialien aufgebaut: PVB, PET, PVC, PU, COP, EVA, co-PC. The bonding layers VI, V2 are preferably composed of at least one of the following materials: PVB, PET, PVC, PU, COP, EVA, co-PC.
Die Flüssigkeitskristallschicht LC ist im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 3 als positives Phase-Change LCD ausgeführt. Durch Verwendung eines Phase-Change LCD als Flüssigkristallschicht LC ist es möglich, einen Aufbau bereitzustellen, welcher sich insbesondere für die Verwendung als Windschutzscheibe eines Fahrzeugs eignet. Besonders bevorzugt kann somit eine Windschutzscheibe für einen PKW oder LKW bereitgestellt werden. The liquid crystal layer LC is designed in the embodiment of Figure 3 as a positive phase-change LCD. By using a phase change LCD as the liquid crystal layer LC, it is possible to provide a structure which is particularly suitable for use as a windshield of a vehicle. Particularly preferred, therefore, a windshield for a car or truck can be provided.
Die Verbindungsschichten VI, V2 sind als doppelbrechungsfreie Klebeschicht ausgebildet, sodass es möglich ist, ein Scheibenverbundelement auszubilden, welches als Sicherheitsglas zum Einsatz als Fahrzeugscheibe geeignet ist. The bonding layers VI, V2 are as a birefringence-free adhesive layer formed, so that it is possible to form a disc composite element, which is suitable as safety glass for use as a vehicle window.
In Figur 4 ist eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements dargestellt. Zwischen der ersten Scheibe Sl und der zweiten Scheibe S2 sind optische Filterschichten Fl, F2 vorgesehen. Diese optischen Filterschichten sind mit übereinstimmenden Brechungsindizes ausgestaltet (Index Matching). FIG. 4 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the adaptive disk composite element according to the invention. Between the first slice Sl and the second slice S2 optical filter layers Fl, F2 are provided. These optical filter layers are designed with matching refractive indices (index matching).
Zudem sind Verbindungsschichten VI und V2 vorgesehen, welche es ermöglichen, ein Sicherheitsglas auszubilden. Auf der Flüssigkristallschicht LC sind zusätzliche Polarisations- und Kompensationsschichten PI und P2 vorgesehen. In addition, connecting layers VI and V2 are provided, which make it possible to form a safety glass. On the liquid crystal layer LC, additional polarization and compensation layers PI and P2 are provided.
Die Flüssigkeitskristallschicht LC ist in dieser Ausführungsform als doppelbrechendes nematisches Flüssigkeitskristall-Display ausgestaltet, sodass sich dieser Aufbau besonders für Seitenfenster und Sonnenschutzverglasungen eignet. The liquid crystal layer LC is designed in this embodiment as a birefringent nematic liquid crystal display, so that this structure is particularly suitable for side windows and solar control glazings.
In Figur 5a ist eine Windschutzscheibe dargestellt mit adaptivem Scheibenverbundelement. Dieses Scheibenverbundelement ist in Segmente IL bis 4R unterteilt und somit in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung entlang der Fläche der Windschutzscheibe. Das Scheibenverbundelement kann jedoch auch mehr als vier Segmente aufweisen. Die einzelnen Segmente der Windschutzscheibe können einzeln oder gemeinsam angesteuert werden, sodass selektiv verschiedene Bereiche der Windschutzscheibe abgedunkelt werden können. Die einzelnen Segmente SEG grenzen aneinander, wobei zwischen den Segmenten SEG unsichtbare Spalten G vorgesehen sind. Insbesondere sind die Spalten G derart klein, dass diese optisch für das menschliche Auge nicht wahrnehmbar sind. Bevorzugt ist somit die Breite der Spalten G kleiner 70 μιη. FIG. 5a shows a windshield with an adaptive disk composite element. This laminated composite member is divided into segments IL through 4R, and thus vertically and horizontally along the surface of the windshield. However, the disc composite may also have more than four segments. The individual segments of the windshield can be controlled individually or jointly, so that selectively different areas of the windshield can be darkened. The individual segments SEG adjoin one another, wherein invisible columns G are provided between the segments SEG. In particular, the gaps G are so small that they are optically imperceptible to the human eye. Preferably, therefore, the width of the gaps G is less than 70 μιη.
In Figur 5b ist die Segmentierung eines Seitenfensters oder Sonnendachs dargestellt. Das adaptive Scheibenverbundelement ist dabei exemplarisch in drei Segmente unterteilt. Das erste Segment SEG 1, das zweite Segment SEG 2 und das dritte Segment SEG 3 sind benachbart angeordnet, wobei zwischen diesen Segmenten der unsichtbare Spalt G vorgesehen ist. Bevorzugt wird als Flüssigkristallschicht LC die gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 4 beschriebene Aufbau der Flüssigkristallschicht LC verwendet. FIG. 5b shows the segmentation of a side window or sunroof. The adaptive disk composite element is exemplary in three Divided segments. The first segment SEG 1, the second segment SEG 2 and the third segment SEG 3 are arranged adjacently, the invisible gap G being provided between these segments. Preferably, the liquid crystal layer LC used according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 is used as the liquid crystal layer LC.
In Figur 6 ist der spektrale Transmissionsverlauf des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements der vorliegenden Erfindung dargestellt. Insbesondere wird aus Figur 6 ersichtlich, dass durch Bereitstellen der beschriebenen optischenFIG. 6 shows the spectral transmission profile of the adaptive disk composite element of the present invention. In particular, it can be seen from FIG. 6 that by providing the described optical
Filter für den Infrarot- und UV-Bereich die elektromagnetische Strahlung bis zu einer Wellenlänge von 400 nm auf unter 1 % reduziert werden kann und so wie die elektromagnetische Strahlung bei einer Wellenlänge im Bereich von 780 nm bis 3000 nm auf < 0,8 % reduziert werden kann. Bei den verwendeten optischen Filtern Fl, F2 handelt es sich insbesondere um UV-Dünnschichtkantenfilter (gesputtert-Filter for the infrared and UV range, the electromagnetic radiation to a wavelength of 400 nm can be reduced to less than 1% and as the electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength in the range of 780 nm to 3000 nm reduced to <0.8% can be. The optical filters Fl, F2 used are in particular UV thin-film edge filters (sputtered
Interferenzfilter) oder um eine absorbierende Substanz, z. B. einen Farbstoff, der in eine Kunststofffolie eingearbeitet ist. Der UV-Filter kann zusätzlich mit einem IR- Dünnschichtkantenfilter kombiniert werden oder es kann zusätzlich als reflektierendes oder absorbierendes Material, z. B. Silber oder Kupfer, vorgesehen sein, welches auf eine Kunststofffolie aufgebracht oder eingebracht wird. Die beiden Kantenfilter werden in Transmission zum Bandpassfilter für die sichtbare Strahlung gemäß Figur 6 eingesetzt. Interference filter) or an absorbing substance, e.g. B. a dye which is incorporated in a plastic film. The UV filter may additionally be combined with an IR thin-film edge filter or it may additionally be used as a reflective or absorbent material, e.g. As silver or copper, be provided, which is applied to a plastic film or introduced. The two edge filters are used in transmission to the bandpass filter for the visible radiation according to FIG.
Bevorzugt werden die Brechungsindizes der verwendeten Schichten mit den Fresnel-Gleichungen so optimiert, dass eine maximale Transmission des Sicherheitsglases resultiert, sodass Reflexionsverluste vermieden werden können. The refractive indices of the layers used are preferably optimized with the Fresnel equations in such a way that a maximum transmission of the safety glass results, so that reflection losses can be avoided.
In Figur 7a ist ein Aufbau einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung dargestellt. Zwischen der ersten Scheibe Sl und der zweiten Scheibe S2 sind die Verbindungsschichten VI und V2 vorgesehen, welche direkt an die erste Scheibe Sl und die zweite Scheibe S2 grenzen und mit diesen verbunden sind. Die bevorzugte Schichtdicke der ersten Verbindungsschicht VI und der zweiten Verbindungsschicht V2 ist dabei 125 μιη. Angrenzend zur ersten Verbindungsschicht VI als auch der zweiten Verbindungsschicht V2 ist eine Polarisationsschicht bzw. ein optischer Filter Fl und F2 vorgesehen. Der optische Filter Fl, F2 weist zusätzlich eine Kompensationsschicht auf. Die Kompensationsschicht ist in den Polarisator integriert und die Filter sind auf denFIG. 7 a shows a construction of a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention. Between the first disc Sl and the second disc S2, the connecting layers VI and V2 are provided, which are directly adjacent to the first disc Sl and the second disc S2 and connected thereto. The preferred layer thickness of the first connection layer VI and the second connection layer V2 is 125 μιη. Adjacent to the first Compound layer VI and the second connection layer V2 is a polarization layer and an optical filter and Fl F2 provided. The optical filter Fl, F2 additionally has a compensation layer. The compensation layer is integrated in the polarizer and the filters are on the
Polarisator aufgebracht. Die Kompensationsschicht kann reflektierend und / oder absorbierend aufgebaut sein. Der optische Filter wird über eine Klebeschicht K (oder Verbindungsschicht) mit der Flüssigkristallschicht LC verbunden. Die Flüssigkristallschicht LC umfasst zwei LCD-Substratschichten 8, welche jeweils auf einer Fläche eine Elektrode El, E2 aufweisen. Die Elektroden El, E2 werden über das Verbindungselement VB mit einer Ansteuerung verbunden. Zwischen den einander zugewandten Elektroden El und E2 ist ein Spalt vorgesehen, in welchem sich das Flüssigkristallmaterial befindet, sowie Abstandshalter SP, welche bevorzugt aus Kunststoff aufgebaut sind. Polarizer applied. The compensation layer can be constructed to be reflective and / or absorbent. The optical filter is connected to the liquid crystal layer LC through an adhesive layer K (or bonding layer). The liquid-crystal layer LC comprises two LCD substrate layers 8, each of which has an electrode E1, E2 on one surface. The electrodes El, E2 are connected via the connecting element VB with a drive. Between the mutually facing electrodes El and E2, a gap is provided, in which the liquid crystal material is located, as well as spacers SP, which are preferably constructed of plastic.
Wie in Figur 7b dargestellt, wird zur zusätzlichen Abdichtung gegen Umwelteinflüsse und zur sicheren Einbettung des Flüssigkristallelementes in das Scheibensandwich aus einem relativ weichen Material (bevorzugt PUR) mit einem Niederdruck- (0.2 - 0.4 MPa) und Niedertemperatur- (100-140 ° C) Kunststoffspritzgussverfahren das Sicherheitsglassandwich umspritzt, sodass eine umlaufende Dichtung U (Umlaufdichtung) bereitgestellt werden kann. Dadurch erhält das Scheibenverbundelement eine saubere Abdichtung, ist resistent gegen Umwelteinflüsse und kann ohne weitere Maßnahmen eingebaut werden. Die Dichtung umfasst den gesamten Bereich von Glas Sl zu Glas S2 und dichtet das gesamte Sicherheitsglassandwich ab. Die umlaufende Dichtung U ist eine PUR Dichtung (gasket) welche das Glassandwich abdichtet und das Flüssigkristallelement „schwimmend" einbettet, da dazu weicheres Material zwischen die Scheiben Sl und S2 gebracht wird. Die LCD-Dichtung D hingegen, dichtet das LCD gesamtheitlich gegen außen ab. As shown in FIG. 7b, for additional sealing against environmental influences and for safe embedding of the liquid crystal element in the wafer sandwich of a relatively soft material (preferably PUR) with a low pressure (0.2-0.4 MPa) and low temperature (100-140 ° C.) Plastic injection molding process the safety glass sandwiched so that a circumferential seal U (circular seal) can be provided. This gives the disc composite a clean seal, is resistant to environmental influences and can be installed without further action. The seal covers the entire range of glass Sl to glass S2 and seals the entire safety glass sandwich. The circumferential seal U is a PUR gasket which seals the glass sandwich and "floats" the liquid crystal element, as softer material is placed between the slices S1 and S2, while the LCD seal D seals the LCD to the outside ,
Die in Figur 8 dargestellte Tabelle umfasst nähere Erläuterungen bezüglich der Schichtdicken sowie dem Brechungsindex und dem bevorzugten Material der Schichten eines besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiels (siehe auch Figur 7). Figur 9 zeigt den Aufbau eines Sonnendaches mit vier verschiedenen LCD Panels (I, II, III und IV). Jedes dieser LCD Paneele kann als Scheibenverbundelement ausgestaltet sein wobei diese separat oder in Verbindung zueinander vorgesehen sind. Der beste Blickwinkelbereich (siehe Pfeile in Figur 9) der vier Displays (bestimmte Kombination der linearen Polarisationsachsen und der Reibrichtung) ist beispielsweise so ausgelegt, dass sich für die Fahrzeuginsassen eine 4- Domänenausbildung des LCD Daches ergibt. Das heisst, dass die Abschwächung des Lichtes durch das Sonnendach, bei unterschiedlichster Einfallsrichtung des Sonnenlichtes, für alle Insassen möglichst gleichmässig ausfällt. The table shown in FIG. 8 contains further explanations with regard to the layer thicknesses and the refractive index and the preferred material of the layers of a particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment (see also FIG. 7). Figure 9 shows the structure of a sunroof with four different LCD panels (I, II, III and IV). Each of these LCD panels can be configured as a disk composite element, these being provided separately or in conjunction with each other. The best viewing angle range (see arrows in FIG. 9) of the four displays (specific combination of the linear polarization axes and the rubbing direction) is designed, for example, such that the vehicle occupants have a 4-domain formation of the LCD roof. This means that the attenuation of the light through the sunroof, in the most different directions of incidence of sunlight, for all occupants as uniform as possible precipitates.
Es ist zu beachten, dass die Beschreibung und die Figuren lediglich die Prinzipien der vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung darlegen. Auf Basis der vorliegenden Offenbarung ist es dem Fachmann möglich, diverse Varianten der beschriebenen Ausgestaltungen zu erstellen. Diese Varianten, obwohl nicht ausdrücklich beschrieben, werden ebenfalls von diesem Dokument offenbart und werden von den Ansprüchen umfasst. It should be noted that the description and figures merely set forth the principles of the proposed device. Based on the present disclosure, it is possible for the skilled person to create various variants of the described embodiments. These variations, although not expressly described, are also disclosed by this reference and are covered by the claims.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement für eine Fahrzeugscheibe zur Reduzierung der Blendwirkung einer Lichtquelle mit 1. Adaptive disc composite element for a vehicle window to reduce the glare of a light source with
- einer ersten und zweiten Scheibe (Sl, S2),  a first and second disc (Sl, S2),
- einer Flüssigkristallschicht (LC), und  a liquid crystal layer (LC), and
- zumindest einer Verbindungschicht (VI, V2) zum Verbinden von erster und zweiter Scheibe (Sl, S2) mit einem Abstand zueinander, wobei  - At least one compound layer (VI, V2) for connecting the first and second disc (Sl, S2) with a distance from each other, wherein
die Flüssigkristallschicht (LC) zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe (Sl, S2) angeordnet ist und/oder auf eine Fläche einer der ersten oder zweiten Scheibe (Sl, S2) aufgebracht ist und wobei  the liquid crystal layer (LC) is arranged between the first and second disks (S1, S2) and / or is applied to a surface of one of the first or second disks (S1, S2), and wherein
die Transparenz des adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements durch Ansteuerung der Flüssigkeitskristallschicht (LC) über Elektroden (El, E2) veränderbar ist, und  the transparency of the adaptive disk composite element is variable by driving the liquid crystal layer (LC) over electrodes (El, E2), and
wobei die Verbindungsschicht (VI, V2) eine doppelbrechungsfreie  wherein the bonding layer (VI, V2) is a birefringence-free
Klebeschicht ist und das Scheibenverbundelement als Sicherheitsglas zum Einsatz als Fahrzeugscheibe ausgestaltet ist.  Adhesive layer is and the disc composite element is designed as a safety glass for use as a vehicle window.
2. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 2. Adaptive disc composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Scheibenverbundelement zumindest eine Antireflexbeschichtung aufweist, sodass die maximale Transmission des Scheibenverbundelements größer 70% ist.  preceding claims, wherein the disc composite element has at least one antireflection coating, so that the maximum transmission of the disc composite element is greater than 70%.
3. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 3. Adaptive disc composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Flüssigkristallschicht (LC)  preceding claims, wherein the liquid crystal layer (LC)
zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe (Sl, S2) bereitgestellt ist und doppelbrechungsfreie Klebeschichten als Verbindungsschichten (VI,  is provided between the first and second disks (Sl, S2) and non-birefringence adhesive layers as connecting layers (VI,
V2) zwischen der Flüssigkristallschicht (LC) und den Scheiben (Sl, S2) verwendet werden. V2) between the liquid crystal layer (LC) and the disks (Sl, S2).
4. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 4. Adaptive disk composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit optischen Filterschichten (Fl, F2) zur  previous claims, with optical filter layers (Fl, F2) for
Reduktion der elektromagnetischen Strahlung im ultravioletten Spektrum, wobei die Filterschichten (Fl, F2) derart ausgestaltet sind, dass eine  Reduction of the electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet spectrum, wherein the filter layers (Fl, F2) are designed such that a
Reduktion der elektromagnetischen Strahlung bei einer Wellenlänge von bis zu 400nm auf unter 1% erreicht wird.  Reduction of electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength of up to 400nm to less than 1% is achieved.
5. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 5. Adaptive disk composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit optischen Filterschichten (Fl, F2) zur  previous claims, with optical filter layers (Fl, F2) for
Reduktion der einfallenden elektromagnetischen Strahlung auf unter 0,8% bei einer Wellenlänge von 780nm bis 3000nm.  Reduction of incident electromagnetic radiation to less than 0.8% at a wavelength of 780nm to 3000nm.
6. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Flüssigkristallschicht (LC) in Segmente 6. Adaptive disk composite element according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid crystal layer (LC) in segments
(SEG1, SEG2, SEG3) unterteilt ist, die jeweils einzeln angesteuert und  (SEG1, SEG2, SEG3) is divided, each driven individually and
abgedunkelt werden können, und zwischen Elektroden (El, E2) der  can be darkened, and between electrodes (El, E2) of the
Flüssigkristallschicht (LC) Spalten (G) mit einer Breite von 20-70 μιη  Liquid crystal layer (LC) columns (G) with a width of 20-70 μιη
vorliegen.  available.
7. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach Anspruch 6, wobei der Abstand 7. Adaptive disc composite element according to claim 6, wherein the distance
zweier benachbarter Segmente (SEG1, SEG2, SEG3) kleiner 70 μιη ist.  two adjacent segments (SEG1, SEG2, SEG3) is less than 70 μιη.
8. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 8. Adaptive disk composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche 6 oder 7, wobei zwischen benachbarten  preceding claims 6 or 7, wherein between adjacent
Segmenten (SEG1, SEG2, SEG3) keine Abgrenzungen vorliegen, sodass eine frei bleibende Lücke zwischen zwei benachbarten Segmenten  Segments (SEG1, SEG2, SEG3) have no delimitations, leaving a gap between two adjacent segments
vorliegt.  is present.
9. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 9. Adaptive disk composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Flüssigkristallmaterial der  preceding claims, wherein the liquid crystal material is the
Flüssigkeitskristallschicht (LC) eine negative dielektrische Anisotropie  Liquid crystal layer (LC) a negative dielectric anisotropy
zeigt und wobei die Flüssigkeitskristallschicht (LC) im ausgeschalteten Zustand eine homöotrope Ausrichtung aufweist. shows and wherein the liquid crystal layer (LC) in turned off state has a homeotropic alignment.
Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der Adaptive disk composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die Flüssigkeitskristallschicht (LC) ein elektrisch steuerbares, doppelbrechendes, nematisches  preceding claims 1 to 8, wherein the liquid crystal layer (LC) is an electrically controllable, birefringent, nematic
Flüssigkeitsdisplay umfasst mit einer Spaltenbreite von 2-25 μιη und einen Liquid display comprises with a column width of 2-25 μιη and a
Phasenverzögerungsparameter von 0,5 bis 0,7 χλ und ein Phase delay parameters from 0.5 to 0.7 χλ and a
Flüssigkristallmaterial, das eine negative dielektrische Anisotropie zeigt, und wobei ein Kompensationsmittel vorliegt zur Kompensation des  A liquid crystal material exhibiting a negative dielectric anisotropy, and wherein a compensating agent is present to compensate for the
Lichtverlustes gekreuzter Polarisationsfilms und der homootropen Ausrichtung der Flüssigkristallschicht und wobei das Kompensationsmittel mindestens aus einer uniaxialen, negativen K/2 C-Platte mit einer bevorzugten  Loss of light of crossed polarizing film and the homotropic orientation of the liquid crystal layer and wherein the compensation agent of at least one uniaxial, negative K / 2 C plate with a preferred
Verzögerung bezüglich der Einfallsrichtung X oder Y von 200-300 nm und einer negativen, bi-axialen λ /2 Platte mit einer bevorzugten Verzögerung bezüglich der Einfallsrichtung Z von 20-150 nm besteht.  There is a delay with respect to the direction of incidence X or Y of 200-300 nm and a negative, bi-axial λ / 2 plate with a preferred delay with respect to the direction of incidence Z of 20-150 nm.
11. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 11. Adaptive disc composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Flüssigkristallschicht (LC) ein  preceding claims, wherein the liquid crystal layer (LC) a
Kunststoffsubstrat mit einer Dicke von 50 bis 300 μιη umfasst, und/oder wobei die Flüssigkristallschicht (LC) ein Glassubstrat mit einer Dicke von 50 bis 150 pm umfasst.  Plastic substrate having a thickness of 50 to 300 μιη comprises, and / or wherein the liquid crystal layer (LC) comprises a glass substrate having a thickness of 50 to 150 pm.
12. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 12. Adaptive disc composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Scheibenverbundelement die folgenden Komponenten in der angegebenen Reihenfolge umfasst: erste Scheibe (Sl) aus Glas / Klebefolie als Verbindungsschicht (VI, V2) /  preceding claims, wherein the disc composite element comprises the following components in the order given: first disc (Sl) of glass / adhesive film as a bonding layer (VI, V2) /
Polarisationsfilterfolie /Flüssigkristallschicht (LC)/ Polarisationsfilterfolie / Klebefolie als Verbindungsschicht (VI, V2) / zweite Scheibe (S2) aus Glas. Polarizing filter film / liquid crystal layer (LC) / polarizing filter film / adhesive film as connecting layer (VI, V2) / second glass pane (S2).
13. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit zumindest einer Indexanpassungsschicht, sodass die maximale Transmission 13. Adaptive disk composite element according to at least one of the preceding claims, with at least one index matching layer, so that the maximum transmission
des Scheibenverbundelements größer oder gleich 70% ist.  of the disc composite element is greater than or equal to 70%.
14. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 14. Adaptive disc composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 12, mit einer optischen Filterschicht (Fl, F2), die ein UV Dünnschichtkantenfilter oder eine Kunststofffolie mit  preceding claims 1 to 12, with an optical filter layer (Fl, F2) comprising a UV thin film edge filter or a plastic film with
eingearbeitetem Farbstoff ist, und/oder mit einer optischen Filterschicht (Fl, F2) die einen UV Dünnschichtkantenfilter und/oder IR Dünnschichtkantenfilter umfasst, und/oder mit einer optischen Filterschicht (Fl, F2) die eine  incorporated dye, and / or with an optical filter layer (Fl, F2) which comprises a UV thin-film edge filter and / or IR thin-film edge filter, and / or with an optical filter layer (Fl, F2) the one
Kunststofffolie mit integrierten oder aufgebrachten reflektierenden oder absorbierenden Material umfasst.  Plastic film with integrated or applied reflective or absorbent material comprises.
15. Adaptives Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der 15. Adaptive disk composite element according to at least one of
vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 12, wobei das Scheibenverbundelement zwei Antireflexbeschichtungen aufweist und zumindest eine Antireflexbeschichtung Titandioxid und/oder Siliziumdioxid enthält, und/oder wobei auf wenigstens einer Seite der ersten oder zweiten Scheibe (Sl, S2) eine  preceding claims 1 to 12, wherein the disc composite element comprises two antireflection coatings and at least one antireflective coating contains titanium dioxide and / or silicon dioxide, and / or on at least one side of the first or second disc (Sl, S2)
Antireflexbeschichtung aufgebracht ist, die einen Aufbau von dünnen Schichten aus dielektrischem Material mit abwechselnd hohem und niedrigem  Antireflection coating is applied, which is a construction of thin layers of dielectric material with alternating high and low
Brechungsindex enthält.  Refractive index contains.
16. LCD Panel für ein Sonnendach mit adaptiven Scheibenverbundelementen nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei mehrere 16. An LCD panel for a sunroof with adaptive disc composite elements according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality
Scheibenverbundelemente zumindest ein LCD Panel eines Sonnendaches ausbilden, wobei die Scheibenverbundelemente derart angeordnet sind, dass der bevorzugte Sichtwinkelbereich in unterschiedlichen Quadranten  Disc composite elements form at least one LCD panel of a sunroof, wherein the disc composite elements are arranged such that the preferred viewing angle range in different quadrants
angeordnet ist und dadurch in der Wirkung für die Insassen eines Fahrzeuges ein Multidomänen Display entsteht.  is arranged and thereby creates a multi-domain display in effect for the occupants of a vehicle.
Windschutzscheibe mit einem adaptiven Scheibenverbundelement nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 15, wobei eine Vielzahl von segmentierten Flüssigkristallschichten (LC) vorgesehen sind, welche zwischen der ersten und zweiten Scheibe (Sl, S2) angeordnet sind und/oder auf eine Fläche einer der ersten oder zweiten Scheibe (Sl, S2) aufgebracht sind und wobei die Segmente entlang der Fläche der Windscreen with an adaptive disc composite element according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, wherein a A plurality of segmented liquid crystal layers (LC) are provided, which are arranged between the first and second disc (Sl, S2) and / or applied to a surface of one of the first or second disc (Sl, S2) and wherein the segments along the surface of the
Windschutzscheibe angeordnet sind und bevorzugt in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung angeordnet sind.  Windshield are arranged and are preferably arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions.
18. Verwendung eines Scheibenverbundelements nach zumindest einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 15, als Bestandteil einer 18. Use of a laminated composite element according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, as part of a
Fahrzeugverglasung oder eines Helmvisiers, wobei die Verglasung einen Fahrzeuginnenraum von der äußeren Umgebung des Fahrzeugs trennt.  Vehicle glazing or a helmet visor, wherein the glazing separates a vehicle interior from the external environment of the vehicle.
19. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines adaptiven Scheibenverbundelements nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, umfassend die Schritte: 19. A method for producing an adaptive composite disk element according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, comprising the steps:
- Bereitstellen einer ersten und zweiten lichtdurchlässigen Scheibe (Sl, S2), - Providing a first and second translucent disc (Sl, S2),
- Laminieren einer Flüssigkristallschicht (LC) zwischen die erste und zweite Scheibe (LC) unter Verwendung zumindest einer Verbindungsschicht (VI, V2), Laminating a liquid crystal layer (LC) between the first and second disks (LC) using at least one bonding layer (VI, V2),
- Versiegeln der seitlichen Randbereiche des Scheibenverbundelements mit Hilfe eines Versiegelungsmaterials.  - Sealing the lateral edge regions of the disc composite element by means of a sealing material.
EP18710816.2A 2017-03-06 2018-03-06 Adaptive laminated panel element Withdrawn EP3592553A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102017203627.3A DE102017203627A1 (en) 2017-03-06 2017-03-06 Adaptive disc composite element
PCT/EP2018/055513 WO2018162506A1 (en) 2017-03-06 2018-03-06 Adaptive laminated panel element

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EP (1) EP3592553A1 (en)
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KR (1) KR20190133692A (en)
CN (1) CN110520292A (en)
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DE102017203627A1 (en) 2018-09-06
CN110520292A (en) 2019-11-29
US20200230920A1 (en) 2020-07-23
KR20190133692A (en) 2019-12-03
JP2020511689A (en) 2020-04-16

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