EP3588706A1 - Spark gap with spark ignition circuit and spark gap assembly - Google Patents
Spark gap with spark ignition circuit and spark gap assembly Download PDFInfo
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- EP3588706A1 EP3588706A1 EP19183184.1A EP19183184A EP3588706A1 EP 3588706 A1 EP3588706 A1 EP 3588706A1 EP 19183184 A EP19183184 A EP 19183184A EP 3588706 A1 EP3588706 A1 EP 3588706A1
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- Prior art keywords
- spark gap
- voltage
- switching element
- ignition
- electrode
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 101000645421 Homo sapiens Transmembrane protein 165 Proteins 0.000 claims description 17
- 102100025755 Transmembrane protein 165 Human genes 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 101100014500 Dictyostelium discoideum gdt2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T15/00—Circuits specially adapted for spark gaps, e.g. ignition circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
- H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spark gap with ignition circuit and a spark gap arrangement.
- Coarse protection is also referred to as type 1.
- spark gaps are connected to external trigger circuits, which enable the spark gaps to be ignited at lower voltages.
- GDT Gas discharge tubes
- this ignition circuit arrangement for example: with a high-voltage ignition or ignition paths with a low response voltage.
- n + 1 circuit i.e. a "series connection" of a spark gap between a phase and a neutral conductor and a spark gap between a neutral conductor and a protective conductor. If an overvoltage event occurs between the phase and the protective conductor, the protection level for a 230 V / 400 V system can be more than 2 kV.
- references to standards or specifications or norms are to be understood as references to standards or specifications or norms that apply / were valid at the time of registration and / or - if priority is claimed - at the time of priority registration. However, this is not to be understood as a general exclusion of the applicability to subsequent or replacing standards or specifications or norms.
- neighboring explicitly includes a direct neighborhood relationship, but is not limited to this.
- between explicitly includes a position in which the intermediate part is in close proximity to the surrounding parts.
- a spark gap FS1 according to the invention is inter alia in Figure 1 shown.
- the spark gap FS1 will also be referred to below as the first spark gap FS1.
- the first spark gap FS1 has a first ignition circuit Z1.
- the first spark gap FS1 has a first main electrode E1 and a second main electrode E2.
- the shape of the main electrodes E1 and E2 can be suitably chosen. There is a free space between the two main electrodes E1 and E2 and the main electrodes are electrically insulated from one another. If a sufficiently high voltage is present, a plasma is formed in which an electrical connection is established between the main electrodes E1 and E2 and an overvoltage pulse can flow off.
- the first spark gap FS1 has an auxiliary ignition electrode H1.
- Such an auxiliary ignition electrode H1 can be arranged at a suitable location between the main electrodes E1 and E2.
- the auxiliary ignition electrode H1 can be arranged insulated from the main electrodes E1 and / or can be arranged opposite the main electrodes E2.
- the first ignition circuit Z1 outlined by a dashed frame — has a first voltage-switching element GDT1.
- the first ignition circuit Z1 is connected on one side to the first main electrode E1 and on the other side to the first auxiliary ignition electrode H1.
- the first Ignition circuit Z1 have further elements, as will be explained later in connection with a second ignition circuit Z2.
- first spark gap FS1 together with the first ignition circuit Z1 is used in a "series connection" as described above, in the event of an overvoltage, the parallel capacitor C leads to the voltage initially present only at the other spark gap, the second spark gap FS2 (in Figure 2-4 ) is present because the capacitor initially acts as a high-frequency short circuit for the first ignition circuit. This does not lead to the effect of "adding" the ignition voltages of the individual voltage switching elements GDT1, GDT2. Therefore, the second spark gap FS2 is initially excited to switch through, the ignition voltage now being lower as a result than in previous arrangements.
- protection levels below 2.0 kV in particular protection levels below 1.8 kV and even below 1.5 kV to below 1.2 kV, are provided in 230/400 V systems.
- the first voltage-switching element GDT1 is selected from a group comprising gas-filled arresters, transient voltage suppressor diodes, varistors, PTCs, transistors and thyristors.
- That the invention can be operated advantageously with different voltage-switching elements GDT1 alone or in combination.
- the capacitance of the capacitor C is greater than or equal to 9 times the intrinsic capacitance of the first voltage-switching element GDT1 in the idle state.
- the capacitance of the capacitor C is preferably at least 10 times better than 100 times the intrinsic capacitance of the first voltage-switching element GDT1.
- the capacitor C is soldered to the electrodes of the first voltage switching element GDT1.
- the capacitor C is an SMD (Surface Mounted Device) component. That The coordinated circuit can be implemented with little structural effort, so that even in narrow designs, safe switching is possible and existing grid dimensions can be maintained.
- SMD Surface Mounted Device
- an insulating material is arranged between the second main electrode E2 and the first auxiliary ignition electrode H1, which leads to a discharge along the surface when a voltage is applied to the first ignition electrode H1, so that the second main electrode E2 and the first auxiliary ignition electrode H1 are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner.
- Such arrangements are for example from the application DE 10 2004 009 072 A1 known to the applicant, see there in particular 2a and 2b , the description of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.
- spark gap FS1 With the first spark gaps FS1 as described above, a wide variety of spark gap arrangements can be implemented. For this purpose, we will refer to the Figures 2 to 4 Reference is made without this excluding possible other spark gap arrangements.
- a spark gap arrangement has a previously described first spark gap FS1 with an associated first ignition circuit Z1. Furthermore, the spark gap arrangement has a second spark gap FS2.
- the second spark gap FS2 has a first main electrode E3 and a second main electrode E4 and an ignition auxiliary electrode H2. Otherwise, the previous comments on configurations of the first spark gap FS1 also apply to the second spark gap FS2.
- the second spark plug FS2 also has a second ignition circuit Z2 with a second voltage-switching element GDT2.
- the second ignition circuit Z2 is connected on one side to the first main electrode E3 of the second spark gap FS2 and on the other side to the auxiliary ignition electrode H2 of the second spark gap FS2.
- the second spark gap FS2 is electrically connected to one another with the first spark gap FS1 in the figures between the main electrodes E4 and E1. Between the main electrodes E4 and E1 - as in Figure 4 shown - a common conductor - here the neutral conductor N - be arranged.
- the second voltage-switching element GDT2 is selected from a group comprising gas-filled arresters, transient voltage suppressor diodes, varistors, PTCs, transistors and thyristors.
- Ie the invention can be operated advantageously with different voltage switching elements GDT2 alone or in combination.
- the second ignition circuit Z2 has a third voltage-switching element VAR, which is different from the second voltage-switching element GDT2.
- the first ignition circuit Z1 can alternatively or additionally also have a further voltage-switching element which is different from the first voltage-switching element GDT1.
- first spark gap FS1 and the second spark gap FS2 can be constructed identically.
- the first voltage-switching element GDT1 and the second voltage-switching element GDT2 can also be constructed in the same way without restricting the generality.
- the first ignition circuit Z1 and / or the second ignition circuit Z2 has a disconnection device AE.
- a separation device can e.g. be realized by a pretensioned and soldered connection, which loses its strength when thermal energy is input and, under the influence of the pretension, releases the electrical contact through a mechanical separating movement.
- spark gap arrangement can be used, for example, in an AC voltage system, the first spark gap FS1 being arranged between a neutral conductor N and a protective conductor PE and the second spark gap FS2 being arranged between a neutral conductor N and a phase, for example L1.
- the spark gaps and the associated ignition circuit can also be used differently.
- the second spark gap FS2 can be arranged between a neutral conductor N and a protective conductor (PE) and the first spark gap FS1 can be arranged between a neutral conductor N and a phase L1.
- PE protective conductor
- the spark gap arrangement can also be used in a 5-wire AC system with 3 phases L1, L2, L3.
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Funkenstrecke (FS1) mit einem ersten Zündkreis (Z1), aufweisend• Eine Funkenstrecke (FS1) mit einer ersten Hauptelektrode (E1) und einer zweiten Hauptelektrode (E2) sowie eine Zündhilfselektrode (H1),• Einem ersten Zündkreis (Z1) mit einem ersten spannungsschaltenden Element (GDT), wobei der erste Zündkreis (Z1) auf einer Seite mit der ersten Hauptelektrode (E1) und mit der anderen Seite mit der Zündhilfselektrode (H) verbunden ist,• Wobei parallel zum ersten spannungsschaltenden Element (GDT) ein Kondensator (C) angeordnet ist.Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine Funkenstreckenanordnung mit einer entsprechenden Funkenstrecke (FS1).The invention relates to a spark gap (FS1) with a first ignition circuit (Z1), comprising • a spark gap (FS1) with a first main electrode (E1) and a second main electrode (E2) and an auxiliary ignition electrode (H1), • a first ignition circuit (Z1 ) with a first voltage-switching element (GDT), the first ignition circuit (Z1) being connected on one side to the first main electrode (E1) and on the other side to the auxiliary ignition electrode (H), • being parallel to the first voltage-switching element (GDT ) a capacitor (C) is arranged. Furthermore, the invention relates to a spark gap arrangement with a corresponding spark gap (FS1).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Funkenstrecke mit Zündkreis und eine Funkenstreckenanordnung.The invention relates to a spark gap with ignition circuit and a spark gap arrangement.
Aus dem normativen Umfeld, z.B. DIN EN 62305 (VDE 0185-305:2006), sind Konzepte zum Blitzschutz bekannt.From the normative environment, e.g. DIN EN 62305 (VDE 0185-305: 2006), concepts for lightning protection are known.
Dabei finden Funkenstrecken im sogenannten Grobschutz Verwendung. Der Grobschutz wird auch als Typ 1 bezeichnet.Spark gaps are used in so-called coarse protection. Coarse protection is also referred to as type 1.
Um mit den Funkenstrecken bessere Schutzpegel zu erzielen, werden diese mit externen Triggerkreisen beschaltet, welche das Zünden der Funkenstrecken bei niedrigeren Spannungen ermöglichen.In order to achieve better protection levels with the spark gaps, these are connected to external trigger circuits, which enable the spark gaps to be ignited at lower voltages.
In diesen Triggerkreisen werden häufig Gasableiter (engl. Gas Discharge tube, abk. GDT) eingesetzt um eine Isolierstrecke im Zündkreis bereitzsutellen.Gas discharge tubes (abbr. GDT) are often used in these trigger circuits in order to provide an insulating section in the ignition circuit.
Für diese Zündkreisanordnung gibt es verschiedenste Ausführungsformen, z.B.: mit einer Hochspannungszündung oder Zündstrecken mit geringer Ansprechspannung. Zusätzlich zu den Gasableitern kann es notwendig sein. zusätzliche Elemente wie z.B. Varistoren im Triggerkreis zu positionieren.There are various embodiments for this ignition circuit arrangement, for example: with a high-voltage ignition or ignition paths with a low response voltage. In addition to the gas traps, it may be necessary. to position additional elements such as varistors in the trigger circuit.
In vielen Anordnungen werden jedoch mehre Funkenstrecken so miteinander verbunden, dass sie - zumindest für einzelne Lastfälle - als eine Reihenschaltung wirken. In einer solchen Anordnung ergibt sich dann aber auch, dass die Zündkreise ebenfalls wie eine Reihenschaltung wirken. Dies hat aber zur Folge, dass die Zündspannungen der "in Reihe" geschalteten Zündkreise im Wesentlichen zu addieren sind.In many arrangements, however, multiple spark gaps are connected to one another in such a way that - at least for individual load cases - they act as a series connection. In such an arrangement, however, it also results that the ignition circuits also act like a series connection. However, this has the consequence that the ignition voltages of the "series" ignition circuits are essentially to be added.
Eine solche Situation ergibt sich z.B. bei einer n+1 Schaltung, d.h. einer "Reihenschaltung" einer Funkenstrecke zwischen einer Phase und einem Neutralleiter und einer Funkenstrecke zwischen einem Neutralleiter und einem Schutzleiter. Tritt nun ein Überspannungsereignis zwischen der Phase und dem Schutzleiter auf, so kann der Schutzpegel bei einem 230 V/400 V System mehr als 2 kV betragen.Such a situation arises e.g. with an n + 1 circuit, i.e. a "series connection" of a spark gap between a phase and a neutral conductor and a spark gap between a neutral conductor and a protective conductor. If an overvoltage event occurs between the phase and the protective conductor, the protection level for a 230 V / 400 V system can be more than 2 kV.
Es wäre jedoch wünschenswert, auch in diesem Bereich Schutzpegel von weniger als 2 kV zur Verfügung stellen zu können.However, it would be desirable to be able to provide protection levels of less than 2 kV in this area too.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt mittels eines Verfahrens gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Beschreibung, der Figuren und der jeweils abhängigen Ansprüche.The problem is solved by means of a method according to the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of the description, the figures and the respective dependent claims.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die anliegende Zeichnung anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsformen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the attached drawing using preferred embodiments.
Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- einen ersten schematischen Schaltplan von Ausführungsformen der Erfindung,
- Fig. 2
- einen zweiten schematischen Schaltplan von Ausführungsformen der Erfindung,
- Fig. 3
- einen dritten schematischen Schaltplan von Ausführungsformen der Erfindung, und
- Fig. 4
- einen vierten schematischen Schaltplan von Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.
- Fig. 1
- 1 shows a first schematic circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention,
- Fig. 2
- 2 shows a second schematic circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention,
- Fig. 3
- a third schematic circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention, and
- Fig. 4
- a fourth schematic circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung eingehender (unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren) dargestellt werden. Dabei ist anzumerken, dass unterschiedliche Aspekte beschrieben werden, die jeweils einzeln oder in Kombination zum Einsatz kommen können. D.h. jeglicher Aspekt kann mit unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung verwendet werden, soweit nicht explizit als reine Alternative dargestellt.The invention will be illustrated in more detail below (with reference to the figures). It should be noted that different aspects are described, which can be used individually or in combination. That any aspect can be used with different embodiments of the invention, unless explicitly shown as a pure alternative.
Weiterhin wird nachfolgend der Einfachheit halber in aller Regel immer nur auf eine Entität Bezug genommen werden. Soweit nicht explizit vermerkt, kann die Erfindung aber auch jeweils mehrere der betroffenen Entitäten aufweisen. Insofern ist die Verwendung der Wörter "ein", "eine" und "eines" nur als Hinweis darauf zu verstehen, dass in einer einfachen Ausführungsform zumindest eine Entität verwendet wird.Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity, only one entity is generally referred to below. Unless explicitly noted, the invention can also have several of the entities concerned. In this respect, the use of the words "a", "a" and "one" is only to be understood as an indication that in a simple embodiment at least one entity is used.
Soweit nachfolgend Verfahren beschrieben werden, sind die einzelnen Schritte eines Verfahrens in beliebiger Reihenfolge anordenbar und/oder kombinierbar, soweit sich durch den Zusammenhang nicht explizit etwas Abweichendes ergibt. Weiterhin sind die Verfahren - soweit nicht ausdrücklich anderweitig gekennzeichnet - untereinander kombinierbar.Insofar as methods are described below, the individual steps of a method can be arranged and / or combined in any order, unless the context does not explicitly state otherwise. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the processes can also be combined with one another.
Angaben mit Zahlenwerten sind in aller Regel nicht als exakte Werte zu verstehen, sondern beinhalten auch eine Toleranz von +/- 1 % bis zu +/- 10 %.Data with numerical values are generally not to be understood as exact values, but also include a tolerance of +/- 1% up to +/- 10%.
Bezugnahme auf Standards oder Spezifikationen oder Normen sind als Bezugnahme auf Standards bzw. Spezifikationen bzw. Normen, die zum Zeitpunkt der Anmeldung und/oder - soweit eine Priorität beansprucht wird - zum Zeitpunkt der Prioritätsanmeldung gelten / galten, zu verstehen. Hiermit ist jedoch kein genereller Ausschluss der Anwendbarkeit auf nachfolgende oder ersetzende Standards oder Spezifikationen oder Normen zu verstehen.References to standards or specifications or norms are to be understood as references to standards or specifications or norms that apply / were valid at the time of registration and / or - if priority is claimed - at the time of priority registration. However, this is not to be understood as a general exclusion of the applicability to subsequent or replacing standards or specifications or norms.
"Benachbart" schließt im Nachfolgenden explizit eine unmittelbare Nachbarschaftsbeziehung ein ohne jedoch hierauf beschränkt zu sein. "Zwischen" schließt im Nachfolgenden explizit eine Lage ein, in der das zwischenliegende Teil eine unmittelbare Nachbarschaft zu den umgebenden Teilen aufweist.In the following, "neighboring" explicitly includes a direct neighborhood relationship, but is not limited to this. In the following, "between" explicitly includes a position in which the intermediate part is in close proximity to the surrounding parts.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Funkenstrecke FS1 ist unter anderem in
Die erste Funkenstrecke FS1 weist eine erste Hauptelektrode E1 und eine zweite Hauptelektrode E2 auf. Die Form der Hauptelektroden E1 und E2 kann geeignet gewählt sein. Zwischen den beiden Hauptelektroden E1 und E2 befindet sich ein Freiraum und die Hauptelektroden sind elektrisch voneinander isoliert. Bei Anliegen einer genügend hohen Spannung kommt es zu einer Plasmabildung bei der eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen den Hauptelektroden E1 und E2 aufgebaut wird und ein Überspannungspuls abfließen kann.The first spark gap FS1 has a first main electrode E1 and a second main electrode E2. The shape of the main electrodes E1 and E2 can be suitably chosen. There is a free space between the two main electrodes E1 and E2 and the main electrodes are electrically insulated from one another. If a sufficiently high voltage is present, a plasma is formed in which an electrical connection is established between the main electrodes E1 and E2 and an overvoltage pulse can flow off.
Weiterhin weist die erste Funkenstrecke FS1 eine Zündhilfselektrode H1 auf. Eine solche Zündhilfselektrode H1 kann an geeigneter Stelle zwischen den Hauptelektroden E1 und E2 angeordnet sein. Die Zündhilfselektrode H1 kann isoliert gegenüber der Hauptelektroden E1 angeordnet sein und / oder gegenüber der Hauptelektroden E2 angeordnet sein.Furthermore, the first spark gap FS1 has an auxiliary ignition electrode H1. Such an auxiliary ignition electrode H1 can be arranged at a suitable location between the main electrodes E1 and E2. The auxiliary ignition electrode H1 can be arranged insulated from the main electrodes E1 and / or can be arranged opposite the main electrodes E2.
Weiterhin weist der erste Zündkreis Z1 - umrissen durch einen gestrichelten Rahmen - ein erstes spannungsschaltendes Element GDT1 auf. Dabei ist der erste Zündkreis Z1 auf einer Seite mit der ersten Hauptelektrode E1 und mit der anderen Seite mit der ersten Zündhilfselektrode H1 verbunden. Ohne Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit kann der erste Zündkreis Z1 noch weitere Elemente aufweisen, wie später im Zusammenhang mit einem zweiten Zündkreis Z2 erläutert werden wird.Furthermore, the first ignition circuit Z1 — outlined by a dashed frame — has a first voltage-switching element GDT1. The first ignition circuit Z1 is connected on one side to the first main electrode E1 and on the other side to the first auxiliary ignition electrode H1. Without restricting generality, the first Ignition circuit Z1 have further elements, as will be explained later in connection with a second ignition circuit Z2.
Für die Erfindung wesentlich ist, dass - im Wesentlichen - parallel zum ersten spannungsschaltenden Element GDT1 ein Kondensator C angeordnet ist.It is essential for the invention that - essentially - a capacitor C is arranged parallel to the first voltage switching element GDT1.
Wird eine solche erste Funkenstrecke FS1 samt ersten Zündkreis Z1 in einer "Reihenschaltung", wie zuvor beschrieben verwendet, so führt der parallele Kondensator C im Falle einer Überspannung dazu, dass die anliegende Spannung zunächst nur an der anderen Funkenstrecke, der zweiten Funkenstrecke FS2 (in
D.h. anders als bei bisherigen Lösungen können z.B. in 230/400 V Systemen Schutzpegel unter 2,0 kV, insbesondere Schutzpegel unter 1,8 kV und sogar unter 1,5 kV bis unter 1,2 kV zur Verfügung gestellt werden.That unlike previous solutions, e.g. protection levels below 2.0 kV, in particular protection levels below 1.8 kV and even below 1.5 kV to below 1.2 kV, are provided in 230/400 V systems.
In einer Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen ersten Funkenstrecke FS1 ist das erste spannungsschaltende Element GDT1 ausgewählt aus einer Gruppe aufweisend gasgefüllter Ableiter, Transientvoltage-Supressordiode, Varistor, PTC, Transistor, Thyristor.In one embodiment of the first spark gap FS1 according to the invention, the first voltage-switching element GDT1 is selected from a group comprising gas-filled arresters, transient voltage suppressor diodes, varistors, PTCs, transistors and thyristors.
D.h. die Erfindung kann in vorteilhafter Weise mit unterschiedlichen spannungsschaltenden Elementen GDT1 allein oder in Kombination betrieben werden.That the invention can be operated advantageously with different voltage-switching elements GDT1 alone or in combination.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen ersten Funkenstrecke FS1 ist die Kapazität des Kondensators C größer oder gleich dem 9-fachen der Eigenkapazität des ersten spannungsschaltenden Elements GDT1 im Ruhezustand.In a further embodiment of the first spark gap FS1 according to the invention, the capacitance of the capacitor C is greater than or equal to 9 times the intrinsic capacitance of the first voltage-switching element GDT1 in the idle state.
Hierdurch kann eine besonders zuverlässige Steuerung der Spannung zwischen den spannungsschaltenden Elementen GDT1 und GDT2 erreicht werden. Dabei kann in grober Verallgemeinerung angenommen werden, dass je höher die Kapazität des Kondensators C ist, die Sicherheit der zuvor beschriebenen koordinierten zeitlichen Schaltung steigt. Bevorzugt beträgt die Kapazität des Kondensators C mindestens den 10 fachen besser den 100 fachen Wert der Eigenkapazität des ersten spannungsschaltenden Elements GDT1.This enables a particularly reliable control of the voltage between the voltage-switching elements GDT1 and GDT2 to be achieved. In general, it can be assumed that the higher the capacitance of the capacitor C, the greater the security of the previously described coordinated timing circuit. The capacitance of the capacitor C is preferably at least 10 times better than 100 times the intrinsic capacitance of the first voltage-switching element GDT1.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen ersten Funkenstrecke FS1 ist der Kondensator C an die Elektroden des ersten spannungsschaltenden Element GDT1 angelötet. Hierdurch können parasitäre Leitungsinduktivitäten vermieden werden, die das Schaltverhalten negativ beeinflussen könnten.In a further embodiment of the first spark gap FS1 according to the invention, the capacitor C is soldered to the electrodes of the first voltage switching element GDT1. As a result, parasitic line inductances can be avoided, which could negatively influence the switching behavior.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen ersten Funkenstrecke FS1 ist der Kondensator C ein SMD (engl. Surface Mounted Device) Bauteil. D.h. mit geringem baulichen Aufwand kann die koordinierte Schaltung realisiert werden, sodass auch in engen Bauformen eine sichere Schaltung ermöglicht wird und bestehende Rastermaße eingehalten werden können.In a further embodiment of the first spark gap FS1 according to the invention, the capacitor C is an SMD (Surface Mounted Device) component. That The coordinated circuit can be implemented with little structural effort, so that even in narrow designs, safe switching is possible and existing grid dimensions can be maintained.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen ersten Funkenstrecke FS1 ist zwischen der zweiten Hauptelektrode E2 und der ersten Zündhilfselektrode H1 ein isolierendes Material angeordnet, welches beim Anliegen einer Spannung an der ersten Zündelektrode H1 zu einer Entladung entlang der Oberfläche führt, so dass die zweite Hauptelektrode E2 und die erste Zündhilfselektrode H1 elektrisch leitfähig miteinander verbunden sind. Solche Anordnungen sind beispielsweise aus der Anmeldung
Mit den wie zuvor beschriebenen ersten Funkenstrecken FS1 können Funkenstreckenanordnungen unterschiedlichster Art realisiert werden. Hierzu wird nachfolgend auf die
Beispielsweise weist eine erfindungsgemäße Funkenstreckenanordnung eine zuvor beschriebene erste Funkenstrecke FS1 mit zugehörigem ersten Zündkreis Z1 auf. Weiterhin weist die Funkenstreckenanordnung eine zweite Funkenstrecke FS2 auf. Die zweite Funkenstrecke FS2 weist eine erste Hauptelektrode E3 und eine zweite Hauptelektrode E4 sowie einer Zündhilfselektrode H2 auf. Im Übrigen gelten die vorherigen Anmerkungen zu Ausgestaltungen der ersten Funkenstrecke FS1 auch für die zweite Funkenstrecke FS2. Die zweite Funkenstecke FS2 weist weiterhin einen zweiten Zündkreis Z2 mit einem zweiten spannungsschaltenden Element GDT2 auf. Der zweite Zündkreis Z2 ist auf einer Seite mit der ersten Hauptelektrode E3 der zweiten Funkenstrecke FS2 und mit der anderen Seite mit der Zündhilfselektrode H2 der zweiten Funkenstrecke FS2 verbunden. Die zweite Funkenstrecke FS2 ist mit der ersten Funkenstrecke FS1 in den Figuren zwischen den Hauptelektroden E4 und E1 elektrisch miteinander verbunden. Zwischen den Hauptelektroden E4 und E1 kann - wie in
In einer Ausgestaltung der Funkenstreckenanordnung ist das zweite spannungsschaltende Element GDT2 ausgewählt aus einer Gruppe aufweisend gasgefüllter Ableiter, Transientvoltage-Supressordiode, Varistor, PTC, Transistor, Thyristor.In one configuration of the spark gap arrangement, the second voltage-switching element GDT2 is selected from a group comprising gas-filled arresters, transient voltage suppressor diodes, varistors, PTCs, transistors and thyristors.
D.h. die Erfindung kann in vorteilhafter Weise mit unterschiedlichen spannungsschaltenden Elementen GDT2 allein oder in Kombination betrieben werden.Ie the invention can be operated advantageously with different voltage switching elements GDT2 alone or in combination.
In einer Ausgestaltung der Funkenstreckenanordnung weist der zweite Zündkreis Z2 ein drittes spannungsschaltendes Element VAR auf, das unterschiedlich zum zweiten spannungsschaltenden Element GDT2 ist. Ohne Weiteres kann auch der erste Zündkreis Z1 alternativ oder zusätzlich ein weiteres spannungsschaltendes Element aufweisen, das unterschiedlich zum ersten spannungsschaltenden Element GDT1 ist.In one configuration of the spark gap arrangement, the second ignition circuit Z2 has a third voltage-switching element VAR, which is different from the second voltage-switching element GDT2. The first ignition circuit Z1 can alternatively or additionally also have a further voltage-switching element which is different from the first voltage-switching element GDT1.
Ohne Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit können die erste Funkenstrecke FS1 und die zweite Funkenstrecke FS2 gleichartig aufgebaut sein. Ebenfalls ohne Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit können das erste spannungsschaltende Element GDT1 und das zweite spannungsschaltende Element GDT2 gleichartig aufgebaut sein.Without restricting generality, the first spark gap FS1 and the second spark gap FS2 can be constructed identically. The first voltage-switching element GDT1 and the second voltage-switching element GDT2 can also be constructed in the same way without restricting the generality.
In einer Ausgestaltung der Funkenstreckenanordnung weist der erste Zündkreis Z1 und/oder der zweite Zündkreis Z2 eine Abtrenneinrichtung AE auf. Eine Abtrenneinrichtung kann z.B. durch einen vorgespannten und verlöteten Anschluss realisiert sein, der bei einem thermischen Energieeintrag seine Festigkeit verliert und unter Einfluss der Vorspannung den elektrischen Kontakt durch eine mechanische Trennbewegung löst.In one configuration of the spark gap arrangement, the first ignition circuit Z1 and / or the second ignition circuit Z2 has a disconnection device AE. A separation device can e.g. be realized by a pretensioned and soldered connection, which loses its strength when thermal energy is input and, under the influence of the pretension, releases the electrical contact through a mechanical separating movement.
Wie aus
- FS1, FS2FS1, FS2
- Funkenstreckeradio link
- Z1, Z2Z1, Z2
- Zündkreisignition circuit
- E1 ...E4E1 ... E4
- Hauptelektrodemain electrode
- H1, H2H1, H2
- Zündhilfselektrodeauxiliary ignition
- GDT1,2GDT1,2
- erste, zweites spannungsschaltendes Elementfirst, second voltage switching element
- CC
- Kondensatorcapacitor
- VARVAR
- drittes spannungsschaltendes Elementthird voltage switching element
- AEAE
- Abtrenneinrichtungseparating
- NN
- Neutralleiterneutral
- PEPE
- Schutzleiterprotective conductor
- L1,L2,L3L1, L2, L3
- Phasephase
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI201930225T SI3588706T1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Spark gap assembly with two spark ignition circuits |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE20185449A BE1026431B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Spark gap with ignition circuit and spark gap arrangement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3588706A1 true EP3588706A1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
EP3588706B1 EP3588706B1 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
Family
ID=62975802
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19183184.1A Active EP3588706B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Spark gap assembly with two spark ignition circuits |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3588706B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN112544022B (en) |
BE (1) | BE1026431B1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI3588706T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020003291A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004002582A1 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2005-08-04 | Siemens Ag | Optically ignited spark gap |
DE102004002581A1 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2005-08-04 | Siemens Ag | Spark gap with optically ignited power semiconductor component |
DE102004009072A1 (en) | 2004-02-23 | 2005-09-08 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Overvoltage protection element and ignition element for an overvoltage protection element |
DE102012022399A1 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | ignition circuit |
WO2015101368A1 (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2015-07-09 | Saltek S.R.O. | Design of a triggering circuit of overvoltage protection with an asymmetric element |
-
2018
- 2018-06-28 BE BE20185449A patent/BE1026431B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2019
- 2019-06-28 EP EP19183184.1A patent/EP3588706B1/en active Active
- 2019-06-28 SI SI201930225T patent/SI3588706T1/en unknown
- 2019-07-22 CN CN201980030710.XA patent/CN112544022B/en active Active
- 2019-07-22 WO PCT/IB2019/056249 patent/WO2020003291A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004002582A1 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2005-08-04 | Siemens Ag | Optically ignited spark gap |
DE102004002581A1 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2005-08-04 | Siemens Ag | Spark gap with optically ignited power semiconductor component |
DE102004009072A1 (en) | 2004-02-23 | 2005-09-08 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Overvoltage protection element and ignition element for an overvoltage protection element |
DE102012022399A1 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | ignition circuit |
WO2015101368A1 (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2015-07-09 | Saltek S.R.O. | Design of a triggering circuit of overvoltage protection with an asymmetric element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN112544022B (en) | 2022-05-27 |
CN112544022A (en) | 2021-03-23 |
BE1026431B1 (en) | 2020-02-03 |
SI3588706T1 (en) | 2022-06-30 |
WO2020003291A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
BE1026431A1 (en) | 2020-01-27 |
EP3588706B1 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
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