EP3588201B1 - Calendar mechanism for timepiece - Google Patents

Calendar mechanism for timepiece Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3588201B1
EP3588201B1 EP19179904.8A EP19179904A EP3588201B1 EP 3588201 B1 EP3588201 B1 EP 3588201B1 EP 19179904 A EP19179904 A EP 19179904A EP 3588201 B1 EP3588201 B1 EP 3588201B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
subsystem
synchronization
control cam
date
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EP19179904.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3588201A1 (en
Inventor
Timée GERBER
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Montblanc Montre SA
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Montblanc Montre SA
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Publication of EP3588201A1 publication Critical patent/EP3588201A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/241—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars the date is indicated by one or more hands
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25353—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2536—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement automatically corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of watchmaking. It relates more particularly to a perpetual calendar mechanism for a timepiece.
  • the document EP2490084 describes a perpetual calendar mechanism which ensures the advance of a calendar mobile by the appropriate number of steps at the end of each month, including that of February according to the simplified leap cycle of four years. The user must therefore not correct the display of the date until the year 2100 AD, which is non-leap even if it is divisible by 4.
  • This mechanism comprises a programming mobile which has a large number of levels, some of which have one or two retractable teeth. These teeth are carried by levers and are brought into their active position by corresponding control cams, so that they can cooperate with a daily indexing wheel comprising several levels of drive fingers. When the daily indexing wheel rotates, it drives the programming mobile at a rate of at least one step per day.
  • one or more of the retractable teeth are in the active position and in the trajectory of the corresponding drive finger, and are also driven by the daily indexing wheel.
  • the programming mobile is thus trained at the rate of one, two or three additional steps depending on the month and, in the case of February, whether the year is leap or not.
  • said programming mobile has high complexity in view of the fact that it comprises a stack of several levels of teeth and control cams, which is difficult to develop and assemble. Furthermore, this arrangement has a relatively height important, which represents a bulk in the thickness of the movement.
  • the aim of the invention is therefore to provide a perpetual calendar mechanism for a timepiece, in which the aforementioned defects are at least partially overcome.
  • the thickness of the mechanism is significantly reduced compared to that of the prior art mentioned above since no complex stacking of cams and wheels is no longer necessary, and the subsystems are easier to handle. adjust individually with respect to the aforementioned prior art programming mobile.
  • the use of the synchronization wheel not only makes it possible to ensure the synchronization of the date mobile with the three subsystems, but also gives the manufacturer great freedom to arrange the three subsystems as well as the mobile of date in the mechanism according to its needs.
  • said synchronization wheel is a toothed ring, with internal or external toothing.
  • the synchronization wheel can thus have a large diameter while leaving the possibility of pivoting other moving parts on axes passing through its interior space.
  • said date wheel set, and / or one or more of said wheels of the subsystems meshes directly with said synchronization wheel.
  • This construction represents a very compact arrangement comprising a minimum of components.
  • control cam of each sub-system is coaxial with said corresponding wheel.
  • each retractable tooth is carried by a corresponding lever mounted to tilt on said corresponding wheel and cooperating with said corresponding control cam in order to determine the radial position of the retractable tooth in question.
  • each control cam is arranged to be driven by a kinematic link driven directly or indirectly on said synchronization wheel.
  • said actuators are arranged to be driven by a watch movement via a respective kinematic link which does not involve said synchronization wheel.
  • Another advantage of the mechanism according to the invention is to allow corrections to be made in both directions, that is to say forwards and backwards, while keeping the synchronization of the different displays when the user performs a manual correction by means of an actuator such as a time setting rod.
  • the mechanism according to the invention can be incorporated into a watch movement, which also comprises at least one display member arranged to be driven by said mechanism, for example in order to provide an indication of the date, month or the like.
  • the figures 1 and 2 represent views of the entire perpetual calendar mechanism 1 according to the invention, respectively in isometric view and in top view (that is to say view from the dial side).
  • the mechanism 1 comprises a date mobile 3, with 31 teeth, integral in rotation with a star 3a, also with 31 teeth, and is driven at a rate of one step per day from a power take-off on the movement base (not shown) by means of a first ad hoc kinematic link 5.
  • this power take-off is located at the level of the mobile of hours 7, which is driven by a motor source such as than a barrel, an electric motor or the like, at the rate of two complete revolutions per day under the control of a regulating system such as a spiral balance, a tuning fork, a quartz oscillator or the like in a known manner.
  • the first kinematic link 5 comprises a series of mobiles arranged in an ad hoc manner ending in a driving wheel 9 arranged to perform one revolution per 24 hours, the gear ratios as well as the teeth that the first kinematic link 5 comprises being adapted for this purpose.
  • the drive wheel set 9 includes not only a pinion in indirect kinematic connection with the hour wheel set 7, but also a finger 9a. The latter is arranged to drive said star with 31 teeth 3a which the date wheel set 3 comprises, at a rate of one step per day, typically around midnight, and therefore acts as an actuator.
  • a jumper 11 cooperates with the teeth of the star 3a in a known manner.
  • the power take-off can be on any other mobile of the movement, the details of the first kinematic link 5 being adapted accordingly so that the finger 9a (or an actuator taking another form) drives the date mobile to at the rate of one step per day.
  • the date mobile 3 is engaged with a synchronization wheel 13 which connects the date mobile 3 to three subsystems 15, 17 and 19 which are arranged laterally with respect to each other in the plane of the mechanism 1, and which ensure that the date mobile 3 performs an appropriate number of additional steps, at the end of months having less than 31 days, as will follow more clearly below.
  • the synchronization wheel 13 may be a toothed crown (as illustrated here), or may be a solid wheel, and acts as a reference between the date wheel set 3 and the correction wheels 15a, 17a, 19a that the subsystems 15 include. , 17, 19, and which will be described below.
  • the date mobile 3 or one of the correction wheels 15a, 17a, 19a pivots, the others are also driven by the synchronization wheel 13.
  • Each of these subsystems 15, 17, 19 is associated with a respective drive finger 23a, 23b, 23c, which is in kinematic connection with the hour wheel 7 by means of a second kinematic connection 21 also arranged in ad hoc manner.
  • This second kinematic link distributes the force received from the hour wheel 7 to each of the drive fingers 23a, 23b, 23c so that they perform one revolution per day and act as an actuator for the subsystem 15, 17, 19 correspondent.
  • These fingers 23a, 23b, 23c each cooperate with a respective retractable tooth that each subsystem 15, 17, 19 comprises, as will clearly follow below.
  • the operation of the first subsystem 15 which is arranged to ensure the additional step that the date mobile takes at the end of each month having less than 31 days, that is to say the months of February, April, June, September and November.
  • This first subsystem 15 is illustrated in more detail on the figures 3a and 3b , and has a correction wheel 15a comprising 31 teeth which engages with the synchronization wheel 13 and therefore performs one revolution per month.
  • the correction wheel 15a carries a retractable tooth 15b integral with a lever 15e.
  • the latter is mounted tilting on a protruding stud from the board of said correction wheel 15a.
  • the retractable tooth 15b is held in the inactive position, that is to say retracted, by an elastic element 15c which cooperates with the lever 15e.
  • the elastic element as illustrated is a leaf spring, but another form of elastic element (spiral spring, elastomer block, leaf spring integral with the lever 15e, etc.) is also possible.
  • An optional mounting plate 15d is interposed between, on the one hand, the lever 15e and the elastic element 15c and, on the other hand, with the correction wheel 15a in order to position the retractable tooth 15b to cooperate with the corresponding drive finger 23a when the latter is in its active position and is located in the path of said drive finger 23a.
  • the position of the lever 15e and therefore the active or inactive position of the retractable tooth 15b are defined by a control (or programming) cam 15f.
  • the lever 15e is maintained in contact with the periphery of the control cam 15f.
  • the latter is integral in rotation with a control wheel 15g, and is mounted coaxially and freely in rotation with respect to said correction wheel 15a.
  • the periphery of the cam 15f comprises five bearings 15h of a first, upper radius, which correspond to months having less than 31 days, and of which the radius is defined to bring the retractable tooth 15b into its active position.
  • the rest of the periphery of the cam 15f has a second, lower radius, defined such that the retractable tooth 15b is retracted out of the path of the driving finger 23a under the effect of the elastic element 15c when this part of the cam 15f cooperates with the lever 15e.
  • the control wheel 15g is rotated at the rate of one revolution per year from the synchronization wheel 13 via a third kinematic link 25 ad hoc.
  • the gear ratio and teeth of this kinematic link 25 are arranged to ensure the desired speed of rotation of the control wheel 15g, as well as to ensure the correct synchronization of the control cam 15f.
  • the upper radius bearings 15h corresponding to the month in question cooperate with the lever 15e so that the retractable tooth 15b is brought into its active position and can cooperate with the corresponding drive finger 23a.
  • the retractable tooth 15b Since the correction wheel 15a rotates at an angular speed which is different from that of the control wheel 15g, the retractable tooth 15b will of course be moved radially several times during each month, but if the tooth 15b is not found in the path of the finger 23a, there will be no additional drive. It can thus be considered that the “active position” of the retractable tooth 15b corresponds exclusively to the state in which the tooth is capable of cooperating with the finger 23a (that is to say that the tooth 15b is deployed and is located in the path of the finger 23b).
  • the control cam 15f is not displaced angularly at the end of each day since the third kinematic connection comprises a wheel with a single tooth 25a which rarely drives the next one. wheel 25b of said kinematic link 25.
  • the third kinematic link comprises a wheel with a single tooth 25a which rarely drives the next one. wheel 25b of said kinematic link 25.
  • a large number of other variants of the third kinematic link are entirely possible, including variants in which the cam 15f is driven every day.
  • the correction wheel 15a will be driven at the rate of an additional step by said finger 23a.
  • the driving of the date mobile 3 by the finger 9a takes place at midnight, and that of the first sub-system by finger 23a a little before, at 11:15 pm, in order to separate these two training sessions in time so that the training of the date mobile 3 is done correctly at midnight, the fact of separating the jumps allows us not to take too many couple in a jump.
  • the exact moments of the two drives can be determined by the manufacturer by working on the angular positions of the actuators 9a and 23a.
  • the date mobile 3 is advanced by two steps, the first of which is effected by the synchronization wheel 13 following the drive of the retractable tooth 15b by the corresponding drive finger 23a (which advances the date indication from 30 to "31”), the other directly via the drive finger 9a, which advances the date indication from 31 to “1”.
  • the retractable tooth 15b is retracted and therefore does not cooperate with the actuator 23a.
  • the additional jump to move the indicator from 30 to 31 is provided by the first subsystem, as described above.
  • the second sub-system 17 is more particularly designed to ensure the jump of the date indication from “29” to “30”, and it therefore occurs every February.
  • the third subsystem 19 is more particularly designed to ensure the additional jump in the date indication from “28” to “29” at the end of the 28-day months.
  • the third sub-system 19 does not intervene, the step from "28" to "29" having been made from regularly by means of the drive finger 9a cooperating with the date mobile 3.
  • the third sub-system 19 intervenes before the second sub-system 17, as will be described. below as part of the discussion of the latter.
  • the second subsystem 17 is illustrated in more detail in figures 4a and 4b , and operates according to the same general principle as the first subsystem 15.
  • the control cam 17f Since the retractable finger 17b of this subsystem is brought into its active position only once a year, in particular at the end of February, the control cam 17f has only one first radius bearing, upper, 17h which occurs once a year. This control cam 17f therefore pivots at the same angular speed as the control cam 15f of the first sub-system 15, and consequently the control wheel 17g of the second sub-system 17 meshes directly with the control wheel 15g of the first sub-system. -system 15. However, a direct engagement is not obligatory, one or more references can be interposed there. Alternatively, the control wheel 17g of the second subsystem 17 can be driven from the synchronization wheel 13 by means of an additional dedicated kinematic link.
  • the upper radius bearing 17h moves the lever 17e so that the retractable tooth 17b adopts its active position in the path of the corresponding drive finger 23b.
  • the corresponding drive finger 23b drives the retractable tooth 17b, if it is present and in its active position, which drives the synchronization wheel 13, as well as the date wheel set 3, by an additional step.
  • This training of the second sub-system 17 must take place before the training of the retractable tooth 15b of the first sub-system 15, in order to change the indication from "29" to "30". In the illustrated embodiment, this training takes place, if necessary, around 22:00, therefore before that of the first subsystem 15. Consequently, at the end of each month of February, the date mobile 3 is driven at a rate of a first step by the synchronization wheel 13 under the effect of the second subsystem 17, then an additional step by the synchronization wheel 13 under the effect of the first subsystem 15, and finally a further step by the drive finger 9a.
  • These three trainings are performed according to a sequence determined by the relationship between the drive fingers 9a, 23a, 23b.
  • the third subsystem 19 is illustrated on figures 5a, 5b and 5c . Again, the components of the third subsystem 19, whose reference signs have the suffixes "a”, “b", “c” etc., correspond to equivalent components of the first subsystem 15 having the same suffix, and therefore should not be redescribed exhaustively. Only the differences will be discussed below.
  • This subsystem 19 concerns the additional jump at the end of the months of February of non-leap years, February comprising only 28 days according to the simplified cycle of 4 years.
  • the control cam 19f comprises three first ray bearings, upper, 19h, which correspond to the months of February at 28 days of the 4-year cycle, the angular difference between a 19h bearing and the following 19h bearing being 90 °, 90 ° and 180 ° respectively.
  • the “missing” level corresponds to the month of February of 29 days of the leap year, which therefore does not require any additional steps from the third subsystem 19.
  • control cam 19f as well as the control wheel 19g which is integral with it in rotation, are arranged to perform one revolution in four years, such that the upper radius bearings 19h control the lever 19e to bring the retractable tooth 19b into its active position at the end of each February having 28 days according to the simplified four-year cycle.
  • control cam 19f is made integral in rotation with the control wheel 19g by means of lugs 19i projecting from the upper surface of the cam 19f, which cooperate with complementary notches (not shown) provided on the underside of the control wheel 19g.
  • This same principle can also be applied to the cams 15f, 17f of other subsystems 15, 17.
  • the positions of the lugs and notches can be reversed, or the cams 15f, 17f, 19f can be screwed, pinned, welded. or glued to their respective control wheel 15g, 17g, 19g, or may be made of material with the latter.
  • This third kinematic link 27 comprises a single wheel.
  • single tooth 27a which is integral in rotation with the correction wheel 19a and which drives a wheel 27b which is coaxial, and integral in rotation with a single tooth wheel 27c (see figure 5c ), which in turn drives the 19g control wheel, the shapes of the teeth as well as the gear ratios ensuring that the latter performs one revolution in 4 years and presents one of its bearings with a radius greater than 19h at the 19th lever at the good time.
  • this third kinematic link are possible, which take force on any suitable mobile.
  • the retractable finger 19b of the third subsystem 19 is driven by the corresponding drive finger 23c, around 8:30 p.m. (but another time before the second subsystem 17 involved is of course possible).
  • the correction wheel 19a is thus driven at the rate of one step, which in turn drives the synchronization wheel 13.
  • the correction wheels 17a, 15a of the other subsystems as well as the date wheel set, are thus driven at by one step, thus advancing the date indication from "28" to "29".
  • the retractable tooth 17b of the second subsystem 17 is driven as described above, which in turn advances the synchronization wheel 13 and the date mobile 3 at the rate of an additional step, advancing the date indication from "29" to " 30 ".
  • the first sub-system 15 intervenes to advance these same elements by a further step, thus advancing the date indication from "30” to "31”, and finally the drive finger 9a drives the date mobile d 'a final step, to advance the indication from "31" to "1".
  • this mechanism cannot delete the leap year for years divisible by 100 which are not divisible by 400, so a user must correct the indication himself at the end of the month of February for the year 2100, 2200 etc.
  • This member 29 may be a hand, a disc, a ring. or similar.
  • a member 29 can be driven directly or indirectly by the date mobile 3 or by the synchronization wheel 13.
  • the mechanism 1 thus forms part of a display mechanism.
  • the synchronization wheel 13 gives the manufacturer the freedom to place the subsystems according to his needs in the plane of the mechanism, at ad hoc locations.
  • the synchronization wheel 13 may be a ring gear with internal teeth, and may be arranged at the periphery of the mechanism 1 and possibly at the periphery of the base movement (not illustrated).
  • Each direct gear can be replaced by an indirect gear comprising one or more returns, and the number of teeth of the various toothed members can vary according to the needs of the manufacturer.

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Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'horlogerie. Elle concerne, plus particulièrement, un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel pour pièce d'horlogerie.The present invention relates to the field of watchmaking. It relates more particularly to a perpetual calendar mechanism for a timepiece.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Le document EP2490084 décrit un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel qui assure l'avance d'un mobile de quantième du nombre de pas approprié à la fin de chaque mois, y compris celui de février selon le cycle bissextile simplifié de quatre ans. L'utilisateur ne doit donc pas corriger l'affichage du quantième jusqu'à l'année 2100 AD, qui est non-bissextile même si elle est divisible par 4. Ce mécanisme comporte un mobile de programmation qui présente un grand nombre de niveaux, dont certains comportent une ou deux dents escamotables. Ces dents sont portées par des leviers et sont amenées dans leur position active par des cames de commande correspondantes, de telle sorte qu'elles peuvent coopérer avec une roue d'indexation journalière comportant plusieurs niveaux de doigts d'entrainement. Lorsque la roue d'indexation journalière pivote, elle entraine le mobile de programmation à raison d'au moins un pas par jour. À la fin d'un mois ayant moins de 31 jours, l'une ou plusieurs des dents escamotables se trouvent en position active et dans la trajectoire du doigt d'entrainement correspondant, et sont également entrainées par la roue d'indexation journalière. Le mobile de programmation est ainsi entrainé à raison d'un, deux ou trois pas supplémentaires selon le mois et, dans le cas de février, si l'année est bissextile ou pas.The document EP2490084 describes a perpetual calendar mechanism which ensures the advance of a calendar mobile by the appropriate number of steps at the end of each month, including that of February according to the simplified leap cycle of four years. The user must therefore not correct the display of the date until the year 2100 AD, which is non-leap even if it is divisible by 4. This mechanism comprises a programming mobile which has a large number of levels, some of which have one or two retractable teeth. These teeth are carried by levers and are brought into their active position by corresponding control cams, so that they can cooperate with a daily indexing wheel comprising several levels of drive fingers. When the daily indexing wheel rotates, it drives the programming mobile at a rate of at least one step per day. At the end of a month having less than 31 days, one or more of the retractable teeth are in the active position and in the trajectory of the corresponding drive finger, and are also driven by the daily indexing wheel. The programming mobile is thus trained at the rate of one, two or three additional steps depending on the month and, in the case of February, whether the year is leap or not.

Cependant, ledit mobile de programmation présente une complexité élevée au vu du fait qu'il comporte un empilement de plusieurs niveaux de dentures et de cames de commande, ce qui est difficile à mettre au point et à assembler. Par ailleurs, cet agencement présente une hauteur relativement importante, ce qui représente un encombrement dans l'épaisseur du mouvement.However, said programming mobile has high complexity in view of the fact that it comprises a stack of several levels of teeth and control cams, which is difficult to develop and assemble. Furthermore, this arrangement has a relatively height important, which represents a bulk in the thickness of the movement.

Le but de l'invention est par conséquent de proposer un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel pour une pièce d'horlogerie, dans lequel les défauts susmentionnés sont au moins partiellement surmontés.The aim of the invention is therefore to provide a perpetual calendar mechanism for a timepiece, in which the aforementioned defects are at least partially overcome.

Divulguation de l'inventionDisclosure of the invention

De façon plus précise, l'invention concerne un mécanisme de quantième pour pièce d'horlogerie comme défini par la revendication 1. Ce mécanisme comprend :

  • un mobile de quantième agencé pour être entrainé par pas à raison d'un pas par jour par le biais d'un actuateur correspondant (comme par exemple un doigt), sous l'effet d'un mouvement d'horlogerie quelconque (mécanique, électrique, ...) ;
  • une roue de synchronisation en liaison cinématique avec ledit mobile de quantième ;
  • un premier sous-système qui concerne le saut supplémentaire effectué à la fin de chaque mois ayant moins de 31 jours (correspondant au passage du mobile de quantième du 30 au 31). Ce sous-système comprend une roue de correction en liaison cinématique avec ladite roue de synchronisation, ladite roue de correction portant une dent escamotable agencée pour être entrainée par le biais d'un actuateur correspondant à la fin de chaque mois ayant moins de 31 jours ainsi qu'une came de commande correspondante agencée pour amener ladite dent escamotable dans sa position active à la fin de chaque mois concerné ;
  • un deuxième sous-système qui concerne le saut encore supplémentaire effectué à la fin de chaque mois de février (correspondant au passage du mobile de quantième du 29 au 30). Ce deuxième sous-système comprend encore une roue de correction en liaison cinématique avec ladite roue de synchronisation et qui porte encore une dent escamotable agencée pour être entrainée par le biais d'encore un actuateur correspondant à la fin de chaque mois de février ainsi qu'une came de commande correspondante agencée pour amener ladite dent escamotable dans une position active à la fin de chaque mois de février ; et
  • un troisième sous-système qui concerne le saut encore supplémentaire à la fin des mois de février des années non-bissextiles (correspondant au passage du mobile de quantième du 28 au 29). Ce troisième sous-système comprend encore une roue de correction en liaison cinématique avec ladite roue de synchronisation et qui porte encore une dent escamotable agencée pour être entrainée par le biais d'encore un actuateur correspondant à la fin de chaque mois de février ayant 28 jours ainsi qu'une came de commande agencée pour amener ladite dent escamotable dans une position active à la fin de chaque mois de février des années non-bissextile.
More precisely, the invention relates to a date mechanism for a timepiece as defined by claim 1. This mechanism comprises:
  • a date mobile arranged to be driven in steps at the rate of one step per day by means of a corresponding actuator (such as a finger, for example), under the effect of any clockwork movement (mechanical, electrical , ...);
  • a synchronization wheel in kinematic connection with said date mobile;
  • a first sub-system which concerns the additional jump made at the end of each month having less than 31 days (corresponding to the passage of the date mobile from 30 to 31). This subsystem comprises a correction wheel in kinematic connection with said synchronization wheel, said correction wheel carrying a retractable tooth arranged to be driven by means of an actuator corresponding to the end of each month having less than 31 days thus a corresponding control cam arranged to bring said retractable tooth into its active position at the end of each month concerned;
  • a second sub-system which concerns the still additional jump made at the end of each month of February (corresponding to the passage of the date mobile from 29 to 30). This second sub-system further comprises a correction wheel in kinematic connection with said synchronization wheel and which also carries a retractable tooth arranged to be driven by means of yet another actuator corresponding to the end of each month of February as well as a corresponding control cam arranged to bring said retractable tooth into an active position at the end of each month of February; and
  • a third sub-system which concerns the still additional jump at the end of February of non-leap years (corresponding to the passage of the date mobile from 28 to 29). This third subsystem further comprises a correction wheel in kinematic connection with said synchronization wheel and which also carries a retractable tooth arranged to be driven by means of yet another actuator corresponding to the end of each month of February having 28 days. as well as a control cam arranged to bring said retractable tooth into an active position at the end of each month of February of non-leap years.

Ces trois sous-systèmes sont disposés latéralement chacun par rapport aux autres dans le plan du mécanisme, c'est-à-dire en juxtaposition.These three sub-systems are each arranged laterally with respect to the others in the plane of the mechanism, that is to say in juxtaposition.

Par ces moyens, l'épaisseur du mécanisme est significativement réduite par rapport à celle de l'art antérieur mentionné ci-dessus puisqu'aucun empilement complexe de cames et roues n'est plus nécessaire, et que les sous-systèmes sont plus faciles à régler individuellement par rapport au mobile de programmation de l'art antérieur susmentionné. Par ailleurs, l'utilisation de la roue de synchronisation permet non seulement d'assurer la synchronisation du mobile de quantième avec les trois sous-systèmes, mais confère aussi au constructeur une grande liberté de disposer les trois sous-systèmes ainsi que le mobile de quantième dans le mécanisme selon ses besoins.By these means, the thickness of the mechanism is significantly reduced compared to that of the prior art mentioned above since no complex stacking of cams and wheels is no longer necessary, and the subsystems are easier to handle. adjust individually with respect to the aforementioned prior art programming mobile. Furthermore, the use of the synchronization wheel not only makes it possible to ensure the synchronization of the date mobile with the three subsystems, but also gives the manufacturer great freedom to arrange the three subsystems as well as the mobile of date in the mechanism according to its needs.

Avantageusement, ladite roue de synchronisation est une couronne dentée, à denture intérieure ou extérieure. La roue de synchronisation peut ainsi présenter un grand diamètre tout en laissant la possibilité de pivoter des autres mobiles sur des axes traversant son espace intérieur.Advantageously, said synchronization wheel is a toothed ring, with internal or external toothing. The synchronization wheel can thus have a large diameter while leaving the possibility of pivoting other moving parts on axes passing through its interior space.

Avantageusement, ledit mobile de quantième, et/ou l'une ou plusieurs desdites roues des sous-systèmes, engrène directement avec ladite roue de synchronisation. Cette construction représente un agencement très compact comprenant un minimum de composants.Advantageously, said date wheel set, and / or one or more of said wheels of the subsystems, meshes directly with said synchronization wheel. This construction represents a very compact arrangement comprising a minimum of components.

Avantageusement, ladite came de commande de chaque sous-système est coaxiale à ladite roue correspondante.Advantageously, said control cam of each sub-system is coaxial with said corresponding wheel.

Avantageusement, chaque dent escamotable est portée par un levier correspondant monté en basculement sur ladite roue correspondante et coopérant avec ladite came de commande correspondante afin de déterminer la position radiale de la dent escamotable en question.Advantageously, each retractable tooth is carried by a corresponding lever mounted to tilt on said corresponding wheel and cooperating with said corresponding control cam in order to determine the radial position of the retractable tooth in question.

Avantageusement, chaque came de commande est agencée pour être entrainée par une liaison cinématique entraînée directement ou indirectement sur ladite roue de synchronisation.Advantageously, each control cam is arranged to be driven by a kinematic link driven directly or indirectly on said synchronization wheel.

Avantageusement, lesdits actuateurs sont agencés pour être entrainés par un mouvement horloger par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison cinématique respective qui n'implique pas ladite roue de synchronisation.Advantageously, said actuators are arranged to be driven by a watch movement via a respective kinematic link which does not involve said synchronization wheel.

De plus, un autre avantage du mécanisme selon l'invention, est de permettre d'effectuer des corrections dans les deux sens, c'est-à-dire en avant et en arrière, en gardant la synchronisation des différents affichages lorsque l'utilisateur effectue une correction manuelle par le biais d'un organe de manœuvre tel qu'une tige de mise à l'heure.In addition, another advantage of the mechanism according to the invention is to allow corrections to be made in both directions, that is to say forwards and backwards, while keeping the synchronization of the different displays when the user performs a manual correction by means of an actuator such as a time setting rod.

Le mécanisme selon l'invention peut être incorporé dans un mouvement horloger, qui comprend également au moins un organe d'affichage agencé pour être entrainé par ledit mécanisme, par exemple afin de fournir une indication du quantième, du mois ou similaire.The mechanism according to the invention can be incorporated into a watch movement, which also comprises at least one display member arranged to be driven by said mechanism, for example in order to provide an indication of the date, month or the like.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres détails de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit, faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • Fig. 1 est une vue isométrique d'un mécanisme de quantième perpétuel selon l'invention ;
  • Fig. 2 est une vue de dessus, côté cadran, du mécanisme de la figure 1 ;
  • Fig. 3a et 3b sont des vues isométriques du premier sous-système, impliqué à la fin des mois ayant moins de 31 jours, ainsi qu'une partie d'une deuxième liaison cinématique ;
  • Fig. 4a et 4b sont des vues isométriques du deuxième sous-système, impliqué à la fin de chaque mois de février, ainsi qu'une partie de ladite deuxième liaison cinématique ;
  • Fig. 5a , 5b et 5c sont des vues isométriques du troisième sous-système, impliqué à la fin de chaque mois de février n'ayant que 28 jours, ainsi que du dernier mobile d'une troisième liaison cinématique.
Other details of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description, given with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a perpetual calendar mechanism according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 is a top view, dial side, of the mechanism of the figure 1 ;
  • Fig. 3a and 3b are isometric views of the first subsystem, involved at the end of months with less than 31 days, as well as part of a second kinematic link;
  • Fig. 4a and 4b are isometric views of the second subsystem, involved at the end of each month of February, as well as part of said second kinematic link;
  • Fig. 5a, 5b and 5c are isometric views of the third subsystem, involved at the end of each February that is only 28 days old, as well as the last mobile of a third kinematic link.

Mode de réalisation de l'inventionEmbodiment of the invention

Les figures 1 et 2 représentent des vues de l'ensemble du mécanisme de quantième perpétuel 1 selon l'invention, respectivement en vue isométrique et en vue de dessus (c'est-à-dire vue du côté cadran).The figures 1 and 2 represent views of the entire perpetual calendar mechanism 1 according to the invention, respectively in isometric view and in top view (that is to say view from the dial side).

Le mécanisme 1 comporte un mobile de quantième 3, à 31 dents, solidaire en rotation d'une étoile 3a, également à 31 dents, et est entrainé à raison d'un pas par jour à partir d'une prise de force sur le mouvement de base (non-illustré) par l'intermédiaire d'une première liaison cinématique ad hoc 5. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, cette prise de force se trouve au niveau du mobile des heures 7, qui est entrainé par une source motrice tel qu'un barillet, un moteur électrique ou similaire, à raison de deux tours complets par jour sous le contrôle d'un système réglant tel qu'un balancier spiral, un diapason, un oscillateur à quartz ou similaire de façon connue.The mechanism 1 comprises a date mobile 3, with 31 teeth, integral in rotation with a star 3a, also with 31 teeth, and is driven at a rate of one step per day from a power take-off on the movement base (not shown) by means of a first ad hoc kinematic link 5. In the illustrated embodiment, this power take-off is located at the level of the mobile of hours 7, which is driven by a motor source such as than a barrel, an electric motor or the like, at the rate of two complete revolutions per day under the control of a regulating system such as a spiral balance, a tuning fork, a quartz oscillator or the like in a known manner.

La première liaison cinématique 5 comporte une série de mobiles agencés de manière ad hoc se terminant par un mobile d'entrainement 9 agencé pour effectuer un tour par 24 heures, les rapports d'engrange ainsi que les dentures que comporte la première liaison cinématique 5 étant adaptés à cet effet. Le mobile d'entrainement 9 comporte non seulement un pignon en liaison cinématique indirecte avec le mobile des heures 7, mais aussi un doigt 9a. Ce dernier est agencé pour entrainer ladite étoile à 31 dents 3a que comporte le mobile de quantième 3, à raison d'un pas par jour, typiquement aux alentours de minuit, et agit par conséquent comme actuateur. Afin d'assurer le bon positionnement angulaire du mobile de quantième 3, un sautoir 11 coopère avec la denture de l'étoile 3a de façon connue.The first kinematic link 5 comprises a series of mobiles arranged in an ad hoc manner ending in a driving wheel 9 arranged to perform one revolution per 24 hours, the gear ratios as well as the teeth that the first kinematic link 5 comprises being adapted for this purpose. The drive wheel set 9 includes not only a pinion in indirect kinematic connection with the hour wheel set 7, but also a finger 9a. The latter is arranged to drive said star with 31 teeth 3a which the date wheel set 3 comprises, at a rate of one step per day, typically around midnight, and therefore acts as an actuator. In order to ensure the correct angular positioning of the date mobile 3, a jumper 11 cooperates with the teeth of the star 3a in a known manner.

Alternativement, la prise de force peut être sur un autre mobile quelconque du mouvement, les détails de la première liaison cinématique 5 étant adaptés en conséquence de telle sorte que le doigt 9a (ou un actuateur prenant une autre forme) entraine le mobile de quantième à raison d'un pas par jour.Alternatively, the power take-off can be on any other mobile of the movement, the details of the first kinematic link 5 being adapted accordingly so that the finger 9a (or an actuator taking another form) drives the date mobile to at the rate of one step per day.

Le mobile de quantième 3 est en prise avec une roue de synchronisation 13 qui relie le mobile de quantième 3 à trois sous-systèmes 15, 17 et 19 qui sont disposés latéralement les uns par rapport aux autres dans le plan du mécanisme 1, et qui assurent que le mobile de quantième 3 effectue un nombre de pas supplémentaires adapté, à la fin des mois ayant moins de 31 jours, comme cela découlera plus clairement par la suite. La roue de synchronisation 13 peut être une couronne dentée (comme illustrée ici), ou peut être une roue pleine, et agit comme renvoi entre le mobile de quantième 3 et des roues de correction 15a, 17a, 19a que comportent les sous-systèmes 15, 17, 19, et qui seront décrites ci-dessous. Ainsi, lorsque le mobile de quantième 3 ou l'une des roues de correction 15a, 17a, 19a (voir ci-dessous) pivote, les autres sont également entrainés par la roue de synchronisation 13.The date mobile 3 is engaged with a synchronization wheel 13 which connects the date mobile 3 to three subsystems 15, 17 and 19 which are arranged laterally with respect to each other in the plane of the mechanism 1, and which ensure that the date mobile 3 performs an appropriate number of additional steps, at the end of months having less than 31 days, as will follow more clearly below. The synchronization wheel 13 may be a toothed crown (as illustrated here), or may be a solid wheel, and acts as a reference between the date wheel set 3 and the correction wheels 15a, 17a, 19a that the subsystems 15 include. , 17, 19, and which will be described below. Thus, when the date mobile 3 or one of the correction wheels 15a, 17a, 19a (see below) pivots, the others are also driven by the synchronization wheel 13.

Chacun de ces sous-systèmes 15, 17, 19 est associé à un doigt d'entrainement respectif 23a, 23b, 23c, qui est en liaison cinématique avec la roue des heures 7 par le biais d'une deuxième liaison cinématique 21 également agencée de manière ad hoc. Cette deuxième liaison cinématique distribue la force reçue de la roue des heures 7 vers chacun des doigts d'entrainement 23a, 23b, 23c de telle sorte qu'ils effectuent un tour par jour et agissent comme actuateur pour le sous-système 15, 17, 19 correspondant. Ces doigts 23a, 23b, 23c coopèrent chacun avec une dent escamotable respective que comporte chaque sous-système 15, 17, 19, comme cela découlera clairement par la suite.Each of these subsystems 15, 17, 19 is associated with a respective drive finger 23a, 23b, 23c, which is in kinematic connection with the hour wheel 7 by means of a second kinematic connection 21 also arranged in ad hoc manner. This second kinematic link distributes the force received from the hour wheel 7 to each of the drive fingers 23a, 23b, 23c so that they perform one revolution per day and act as an actuator for the subsystem 15, 17, 19 correspondent. These fingers 23a, 23b, 23c each cooperate with a respective retractable tooth that each subsystem 15, 17, 19 comprises, as will clearly follow below.

Pour commencer, on expliquera le fonctionnement du premier sous-système 15, qui est agencé pour assurer le pas supplémentaire que le mobile de quantième effectue à la fin de chaque mois ayant moins de 31 jours, c'est-à-dire les mois de février, avril, juin, septembre et novembre.To begin with, we will explain the operation of the first subsystem 15, which is arranged to ensure the additional step that the date mobile takes at the end of each month having less than 31 days, that is to say the months of February, April, June, September and November.

Ce premier sous-système 15 est illustré plus en détails sur les figures 3a et 3b, et comporte une roue de correction 15a comprenant 31 dents qui est en prise avec la roue de synchronisation 13 et par conséquent effectue un tour par mois. La roue de correction 15a porte une dent escamotable 15b solidaire d'un levier 15e. Ce dernier est monté basculant sur un plot en saillie de la planche de ladite roue de correction 15a. La dent escamotable 15b est maintenue en position inactive, c'est-à-dire escamotée, par un élément élastique 15c qui coopère avec le levier 15e. L'élément élastique tel qu'illustré est un ressort-lame, mais une autre forme d'élément élastique (ressort spiral, bloc d'élastomère, ressort-lame venu de matière avec le levier 15e, ...) est également possible. Une plaquette de montage 15d, facultative, est interposée entre, d'une part, le levier 15e et l'élément élastique 15c et, d'autre part, avec la roue de correction 15a afin de positionner la dent escamotable 15b pour coopérer avec le doigt d'entrainement correspondant 23a lorsque cette dernière se trouve dans sa position active et se situe dans la trajectoire dudit doigt d'entrainement 23a.This first subsystem 15 is illustrated in more detail on the figures 3a and 3b , and has a correction wheel 15a comprising 31 teeth which engages with the synchronization wheel 13 and therefore performs one revolution per month. The correction wheel 15a carries a retractable tooth 15b integral with a lever 15e. The latter is mounted tilting on a protruding stud from the board of said correction wheel 15a. The retractable tooth 15b is held in the inactive position, that is to say retracted, by an elastic element 15c which cooperates with the lever 15e. The elastic element as illustrated is a leaf spring, but another form of elastic element (spiral spring, elastomer block, leaf spring integral with the lever 15e, etc.) is also possible. An optional mounting plate 15d is interposed between, on the one hand, the lever 15e and the elastic element 15c and, on the other hand, with the correction wheel 15a in order to position the retractable tooth 15b to cooperate with the corresponding drive finger 23a when the latter is in its active position and is located in the path of said drive finger 23a.

La position du levier 15e et donc la position active ou inactive de la dent escamotable 15b sont définies par une came de commande (ou de programmation) 15f. Le levier 15e est maintenu en contact avec le pourtour de la came de commande 15f. Cette dernière est solidaire en rotation d'une roue de commande 15g, et est montée coaxiale et libre en rotation par rapport à ladite roue de correction 15a.The position of the lever 15e and therefore the active or inactive position of the retractable tooth 15b are defined by a control (or programming) cam 15f. The lever 15e is maintained in contact with the periphery of the control cam 15f. The latter is integral in rotation with a control wheel 15g, and is mounted coaxially and freely in rotation with respect to said correction wheel 15a.

Le pourtour de la came 15f comporte cinq paliers 15h d'un premier rayon, supérieur, qui correspondent aux mois ayant moins de 31 jours, et dont le rayon est défini pour amener la dent escamotable 15b dans sa position active. Le reste du pourtour de la came 15f présente un deuxième rayon, inférieur, défini de telle sorte que la dent escamotable 15b soit retractée hors de la trajectoire du doigt d'entrainement 23a sous l'effet de l'élément élastique 15c lorsque cette partie de la came 15f coopère avec le levier 15e.The periphery of the cam 15f comprises five bearings 15h of a first, upper radius, which correspond to months having less than 31 days, and of which the radius is defined to bring the retractable tooth 15b into its active position. The rest of the periphery of the cam 15f has a second, lower radius, defined such that the retractable tooth 15b is retracted out of the path of the driving finger 23a under the effect of the elastic element 15c when this part of the cam 15f cooperates with the lever 15e.

La roue de commande 15g est entrainée en rotation à raison d'un tour par année depuis la roue de synchronisation 13 par l'intermédiaire d'une troisième liaison cinématique 25 ad hoc. Le rapport d'engrenages et les dentures de cette liaison cinématique 25 sont agencés pour assurer la vitesse de rotation souhaitée de la roue de commande 15g, ainsi que pour assurer la bonne synchronisation de la came de commande 15f. Ainsi, à la fin de chaque mois ayant moins de 31 jours, les paliers de rayon supérieur 15h correspondant au mois en question, coopèrent avec le levier 15e de telle sorte que la dent escamotable 15b est amenée dans sa position active et peut coopérer avec le doigt d'entrainement 23a correspondant. Puisque la roue de correction 15a pivote à une vitesse angulaire qui est différente à celle de la roue de commande 15g, la dent escamotable 15b sera bien entendu déplacée radialement à plusieurs reprises au cours de chaque mois, mais si la dent 15b ne se trouve pas dans la trajectoire du doigt 23a, il n'y aura pas d'entraînement supplémentaire. On peut ainsi considérer que la « position active » de la dent escamotable 15b correspond exclusivement à l'état dans lequel la dent est susceptible de coopérer avec le doigt 23a (c'est-à-dire que la dent 15b est déployée et se trouve dans la trajectoire du doigt 23b).The control wheel 15g is rotated at the rate of one revolution per year from the synchronization wheel 13 via a third kinematic link 25 ad hoc. The gear ratio and teeth of this kinematic link 25 are arranged to ensure the desired speed of rotation of the control wheel 15g, as well as to ensure the correct synchronization of the control cam 15f. Thus, at the end of each month having less than 31 days, the upper radius bearings 15h corresponding to the month in question, cooperate with the lever 15e so that the retractable tooth 15b is brought into its active position and can cooperate with the corresponding drive finger 23a. Since the correction wheel 15a rotates at an angular speed which is different from that of the control wheel 15g, the retractable tooth 15b will of course be moved radially several times during each month, but if the tooth 15b is not found in the path of the finger 23a, there will be no additional drive. It can thus be considered that the “active position” of the retractable tooth 15b corresponds exclusively to the state in which the tooth is capable of cooperating with the finger 23a (that is to say that the tooth 15b is deployed and is located in the path of the finger 23b).

À la fin de chaque jour, lorsque le mobile de quantième 3 entraine la roue de synchronisation 13, cette dernière entraine à son tour la roue de correction 15a ainsi que la troisième liaison cinématique 25, qui, le cas échéant, entraine en rotation la came de commande 15f. On note par ailleurs que dans le mode de réalisation illustré, la came de commande 15f n'est pas déplacée angulairement à la fin de chaque jour puisque la troisième liaison cinématique comporte une roue à une seule dent 25a qui n'entraine que rarement la prochaine roue 25b de ladite liaison cinématique 25. Cependant, un grand nombre d'autres variantes de la troisième liaison cinématique sont entièrement envisageables, y compris des variantes dans lesquelles la came 15f est entrainée chaque jour.At the end of each day, when the date mobile 3 drives the synchronization wheel 13, the latter in turn drives the correction wheel 15a as well as the third kinematic link 25, which, where appropriate, drives the cam in rotation. order 15f. It should also be noted that in the illustrated embodiment, the control cam 15f is not displaced angularly at the end of each day since the third kinematic connection comprises a wheel with a single tooth 25a which rarely drives the next one. wheel 25b of said kinematic link 25. However, a large number of other variants of the third kinematic link are entirely possible, including variants in which the cam 15f is driven every day.

Si la dent escamotable 15b est dans sa position active sous la commande de la came 15f et se trouve dans la trajectoire du doigt d'entrainement 23a, la roue de correction 15a sera entrainée à raison d'un pas supplémentaire par ledit doigt 23a. Selon la cinématique illustrée, l'entrainement du mobile de quantième 3 par le doigt 9a s'effectue à minuit, et celle du premier sous-système par le doigt 23a un peu avant, à 23h15, afin de séparer ces deux entrainements dans le temps pour que l'entrainement du mobile de quantième 3 se fasse correctement à minuit, le fait de séparer les sauts nous permet de ne pas prendre trop de couple en un saut. Cependant, les moments exacts des deux entrainements peuvent être déterminés par le constructeur en travaillant sur les positions angulaires des actuateurs 9a et 23a.If the retractable tooth 15b is in its active position under the control of the cam 15f and is in the path of the driving finger 23a, the correction wheel 15a will be driven at the rate of an additional step by said finger 23a. According to the kinematics illustrated, the driving of the date mobile 3 by the finger 9a takes place at midnight, and that of the first sub-system by finger 23a a little before, at 11:15 pm, in order to separate these two training sessions in time so that the training of the date mobile 3 is done correctly at midnight, the fact of separating the jumps allows us not to take too many couple in a jump. However, the exact moments of the two drives can be determined by the manufacturer by working on the angular positions of the actuators 9a and 23a.

Par ces moyens, à la fin de chaque mois ayant moins que 31 jours et particulièrement les mois de 30 jours, le mobile de quantième 3 est avancé à raison de deux pas, dont le premier s'effectue par la roue de synchronisation 13 suite à l'entrainement de la dent escamotable 15b par le doigt d'entrainement 23a correspondant (ce qui avance l'indication du quantième de 30 à « 31 »), l'autre directement par l'intermédiaire du doigt d'entrainement 9a, ce qui avance l'indication du quantième de 31 à « 1 ».By these means, at the end of each month having less than 31 days and particularly months of 30 days, the date mobile 3 is advanced by two steps, the first of which is effected by the synchronization wheel 13 following the drive of the retractable tooth 15b by the corresponding drive finger 23a (which advances the date indication from 30 to "31"), the other directly via the drive finger 9a, which advances the date indication from 31 to “1”.

En revanche, lors de la transition d'une indication de « 30 » à « 31 » à la fin des mois ayant 31 jours, la dent escamotable 15b est retractée et ne coopère donc pas avec l'actuateur 23a.On the other hand, during the transition from an indication of “30” to “31” at the end of the months having 31 days, the retractable tooth 15b is retracted and therefore does not cooperate with the actuator 23a.

Le deuxième sous-système 17 et le troisième sous-système 19 qui vont être décrits ci-après, interviennent pour les sauts supplémentaires à effectuer à la fin des mois de février. Pour les mois de 28 jours, on doit effectuer 3 sauts supplémentaires (28 au 29, 29 au 30 et 30 au 31), en plus du saut effectué par le doigt d'entrainement 9a. Pour les mois de 29 jours, on ne doit donc effectuer que deux sauts supplémentaires (29 au 30 et 30 au 31). Le saut supplémentaire pour faire passer l'indicateur du 30 au 31 est assuré par le premier sous-système, comme décrit ci-dessus. Le deuxième sous-système 17 est plus particulièrement agencé pour assurer le saut de l'indication de quantième de « 29 » à « 30 », et il intervient donc tous les mois de février. Le troisième sous-système 19 est plus particulièrement agencé pour assurer le saut supplémentaire de l'indication de quantième de « 28 » à « 29 » à la fin des mois de 28 jours. Dans le cas d'une année bissextile, le troisième sous-système 19 n'intervient pas, le pas de « 28 » à « 29 » ayant été effectué de manière régulière par l'intermédiaire du doigt d'entrainement 9a coopérant avec le mobile de quantième 3. Dans le cas d'une année non-bissextile, le troisième sous-système 19 intervient avant le deuxième sous-système 17, comme il sera décrit ci-dessous dans le cadre de la discussion portant sur ce dernier.The second subsystem 17 and the third subsystem 19, which will be described below, intervene for the additional jumps to be performed at the end of February. For months of 28 days, we must perform 3 additional jumps (28 to 29, 29 to 30 and 30 to 31), in addition to the jump made by the training finger 9a. For months of 29 days, only two additional jumps should therefore be made (29 to 30 and 30 to 31). The additional jump to move the indicator from 30 to 31 is provided by the first subsystem, as described above. The second sub-system 17 is more particularly designed to ensure the jump of the date indication from “29” to “30”, and it therefore occurs every February. The third subsystem 19 is more particularly designed to ensure the additional jump in the date indication from “28” to “29” at the end of the 28-day months. In the case of a leap year, the third sub-system 19 does not intervene, the step from "28" to "29" having been made from regularly by means of the drive finger 9a cooperating with the date mobile 3. In the case of a non-leap year, the third sub-system 19 intervenes before the second sub-system 17, as will be described. below as part of the discussion of the latter.

Le deuxième sous-système 17 est illustré plus en détails aux figures 4a et 4b, et fonctionne selon le même principe général que le premier sous-système 15. Les composants du deuxième sous-système 17, dont les signes de référence présentent les suffixes « a », « b », « c » etc., correspondent aux composants équivalents du premier sous-système 15 portant le même suffixe, et ne doivent donc pas être redécrits exhaustivement. Par conséquent, seules les différences entre les deux sous-systèmes 15 et 17 seront discutées ci-dessous.The second subsystem 17 is illustrated in more detail in figures 4a and 4b , and operates according to the same general principle as the first subsystem 15. The components of the second subsystem 17, the reference signs of which have the suffixes “a”, “b”, “c” etc., correspond to the components equivalents of the first subsystem 15 bearing the same suffix, and therefore need not be redescribed exhaustively. Therefore, only the differences between the two subsystems 15 and 17 will be discussed below.

Puisque le doigt escamotable 17b de ce sous-système est amené dans sa position active une seule fois par année, notamment à la fin du mois de février, la came de commande 17f ne comporte qu'un seul palier de premier rayon, supérieur, 17h qui intervient une fois par année. Cette came de commande 17f pivote donc à la même vitesse angulaire que la came de commande 15f du premier sous-système 15, et par conséquent la roue de commande 17g du deuxième sous-système 17 engrène directement avec la roue de commande 15g du premier sous-système 15. Cependant, un engrènement direct n'est pas obligatoire, un ou plusieurs renvois peuvent y être interposés. Alternativement, la roue de commande 17g du deuxième sous-système 17 peut être entrainée depuis la roue de synchronisation 13 par le biais d'une liaison cinématique supplémentaire dédiée.Since the retractable finger 17b of this subsystem is brought into its active position only once a year, in particular at the end of February, the control cam 17f has only one first radius bearing, upper, 17h which occurs once a year. This control cam 17f therefore pivots at the same angular speed as the control cam 15f of the first sub-system 15, and consequently the control wheel 17g of the second sub-system 17 meshes directly with the control wheel 15g of the first sub-system. -system 15. However, a direct engagement is not obligatory, one or more references can be interposed there. Alternatively, the control wheel 17g of the second subsystem 17 can be driven from the synchronization wheel 13 by means of an additional dedicated kinematic link.

Par ces moyens, à la fin de chaque mois de février, le palier de rayon supérieur 17h déplace le levier 17e de telle sorte que la dent escamotable 17b adopte sa position active dans la trajectoire du doigt d'entrainement correspondant 23b. À nouveau, le doigt d'entrainement 23b correspondant entraine la dent escamotable 17b, si elle est présente et dans sa position active, ce qui entraine la roue de synchronisation 13, ainsi que le mobile de quantième 3, d'un pas supplémentaire.By these means, at the end of each month of February, the upper radius bearing 17h moves the lever 17e so that the retractable tooth 17b adopts its active position in the path of the corresponding drive finger 23b. Once again, the corresponding drive finger 23b drives the retractable tooth 17b, if it is present and in its active position, which drives the synchronization wheel 13, as well as the date wheel set 3, by an additional step.

Cet entrainement du deuxième sous-système 17 doit s'effectuer avant l'entrainement de la dent escamotable 15b du premier sous-système 15, pour faire passer l'indication de « 29 » au « 30 ». Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, cet entrainement s'effectue, le cas échéant, aux alentours de 22h00, donc avant celui du premier sous-système 15. Par conséquent, à la fin de chaque mois de février, le mobile de quantième 3 est entrainé à raison d'un premier pas par la roue de synchronisation 13 sous l'effet du deuxième sous-système 17, puis d'un pas supplémentaire par la roue de synchronisation 13 sous l'effet du premier sous-système 15, et finalement d'encore un pas supplémentaire par le doigt d'entrainement 9a. Ces trois entrainements s'effectuant selon une séquence déterminée par la relation entre les doigts d'entrainement 9a, 23a, 23b.This training of the second sub-system 17 must take place before the training of the retractable tooth 15b of the first sub-system 15, in order to change the indication from "29" to "30". In the illustrated embodiment, this training takes place, if necessary, around 22:00, therefore before that of the first subsystem 15. Consequently, at the end of each month of February, the date mobile 3 is driven at a rate of a first step by the synchronization wheel 13 under the effect of the second subsystem 17, then an additional step by the synchronization wheel 13 under the effect of the first subsystem 15, and finally a further step by the drive finger 9a. These three trainings are performed according to a sequence determined by the relationship between the drive fingers 9a, 23a, 23b.

Le troisième sous-système 19 est illustré sur les figures 5a, 5b et 5c. À nouveau, les composants du troisième sous-système 19, dont les signes de référence présentent les suffixes « a », « b », « c » etc., correspondent aux composants équivalents du premier sous-système 15 ayant le même suffixe, et ne doivent donc pas être redécrits exhaustivement. Seules les différences seront discutées ci-dessous.The third subsystem 19 is illustrated on figures 5a, 5b and 5c . Again, the components of the third subsystem 19, whose reference signs have the suffixes "a", "b", "c" etc., correspond to equivalent components of the first subsystem 15 having the same suffix, and therefore should not be redescribed exhaustively. Only the differences will be discussed below.

Ce sous-système 19 concerne le saut supplémentaire à la fin des mois de février des années non-bissextiles, février ne comportant que 28 jours selon le cycle simplifié de 4 ans. À cet effet, la came de commande 19f comporte trois paliers de premier rayon, supérieur, 19h, qui correspondent aux mois de février à 28 jours du cycle de 4 ans, l'écart angulaire entre un palier 19h et le palier 19h suivant étant de 90°, 90° et 180° respectivement. Le palier « manquant » correspond au mois de février de 29 jours de l'année bissextile, ce qui ne nécessite donc aucun pas supplémentaire de la part du troisième sous-système 19.This subsystem 19 concerns the additional jump at the end of the months of February of non-leap years, February comprising only 28 days according to the simplified cycle of 4 years. To this end, the control cam 19f comprises three first ray bearings, upper, 19h, which correspond to the months of February at 28 days of the 4-year cycle, the angular difference between a 19h bearing and the following 19h bearing being 90 °, 90 ° and 180 ° respectively. The “missing” level corresponds to the month of February of 29 days of the leap year, which therefore does not require any additional steps from the third subsystem 19.

La came de commande 19f ainsi que la roue de commande 19g qui lui est solidaire en rotation, sont agencées pour effectuer un tour en quatre ans, de telle sorte que les paliers de rayon supérieur 19h commandent le levier 19e pour amener la dent escamotable 19b dans sa position active à la fin de chaque mois de février ayant 28 jours selon le cycle simplifié de quatre ans. On voit sur ces figures que la came de commande 19f est rendue solidaire en rotation de la roue de commande 19g par le biais d'ergots 19i s'étendant en saillie depuis la surface supérieure de la came 19f, qui coopèrent avec des encoches complémentaires (non représentées) prévues sur la face inférieure de la roue de commande 19g. Ce même principe peut également s'appliquer aux cames 15f, 17f des autres sous-systèmes 15, 17. Alternativement, les positions des ergots et des encoches peuvent être inversées, ou les cames 15f, 17f, 19f peuvent être vissées, goupillées, soudées ou collées sur leur roue de commande respective 15g, 17g, 19g, ou peuvent être de matière avec ces dernières.The control cam 19f as well as the control wheel 19g which is integral with it in rotation, are arranged to perform one revolution in four years, such that the upper radius bearings 19h control the lever 19e to bring the retractable tooth 19b into its active position at the end of each February having 28 days according to the simplified four-year cycle. It can be seen in these figures that the control cam 19f is made integral in rotation with the control wheel 19g by means of lugs 19i projecting from the upper surface of the cam 19f, which cooperate with complementary notches ( not shown) provided on the underside of the control wheel 19g. This same principle can also be applied to the cams 15f, 17f of other subsystems 15, 17. Alternatively, the positions of the lugs and notches can be reversed, or the cams 15f, 17f, 19f can be screwed, pinned, welded. or glued to their respective control wheel 15g, 17g, 19g, or may be made of material with the latter.

Afin d'entrainer la roue de commande 19g en rotation, cette dernière est pilotée depuis la roue de correction 19a de ce sous-système, par l'intermédiaire d'une troisième liaison cinématique 27. Cette troisième liaison cinématique 27 comporte une roue à une seul dent 27a qui est solidaire en rotation de la roue de correction 19a et qui entraine une roue 27b qui est coaxiale, et solidaire en rotation d'une roue à une seule dent 27c (voir la figure 5c), qui entraine à son tour la roue de commande 19g, les formes des dentures ainsi que les rapports d'engrenages assurant que cette dernière effectue un tour en 4 ans et présente l'un de ses paliers à rayon supérieur 19h au levier 19e au bon moment. Bien entendu, d'autres réalisations de cette troisième liaison cinématique sont possibles, qui prennent force sur n'importe quel mobile approprié.In order to drive the control wheel 19g in rotation, the latter is controlled from the correction wheel 19a of this subsystem, by means of a third kinematic link 27. This third kinematic link 27 comprises a single wheel. single tooth 27a which is integral in rotation with the correction wheel 19a and which drives a wheel 27b which is coaxial, and integral in rotation with a single tooth wheel 27c (see figure 5c ), which in turn drives the 19g control wheel, the shapes of the teeth as well as the gear ratios ensuring that the latter performs one revolution in 4 years and presents one of its bearings with a radius greater than 19h at the 19th lever at the good time. Of course, other embodiments of this third kinematic link are possible, which take force on any suitable mobile.

Par ces moyens, le soir du 28 février d'une année non-bissextile, le doigt escamotable 19b du troisième sous-système 19 est entrainé par le doigt d'entrainement correspondant 23c, aux alentours de 20h30 (mais un autre moment avant que le deuxième sous-système 17 intervienne est bien entendu possible). La roue de correction 19a est ainsi entrainée à raison d'un pas, ce qui entraine à son tour la roue de synchronisation 13. Les roues de correction 17a, 15a des autres sous-systèmes ainsi que le mobile de quantième, sont ainsi entrainés à raison d'un pas, avançant ainsi l'indication de quantième de « 28 » à « 29 ». Subséquemment, la dent escamotable 17b du deuxième sous-système 17 est entrainée comme décrit ci-dessus, ce qui avance à son tour la roue de synchronisation 13 et le mobile de quantième 3 à raison d'un pas supplémentaire, avançant l'indication de quantième de « 29 » à « 30 ». Encore subséquemment, le premier sous-système 15 intervient pour avancer ces mêmes éléments par encore un pas, avançant ainsi l'indication de quantième de « 30 » à « 31 », et finalement le doigt d'entrainement 9a entraine le mobile de quantième d'un pas final, pour avancer l'indication de « 31 » à « 1 ».By these means, on the evening of February 28 of a non-leap year, the retractable finger 19b of the third subsystem 19 is driven by the corresponding drive finger 23c, around 8:30 p.m. (but another time before the second subsystem 17 involved is of course possible). The correction wheel 19a is thus driven at the rate of one step, which in turn drives the synchronization wheel 13. The correction wheels 17a, 15a of the other subsystems as well as the date wheel set, are thus driven at by one step, thus advancing the date indication from "28" to "29". Subsequently, the retractable tooth 17b of the second subsystem 17 is driven as described above, which in turn advances the synchronization wheel 13 and the date mobile 3 at the rate of an additional step, advancing the date indication from "29" to " 30 ". Still subsequently, the first sub-system 15 intervenes to advance these same elements by a further step, thus advancing the date indication from "30" to "31", and finally the drive finger 9a drives the date mobile d 'a final step, to advance the indication from "31" to "1".

On note que dans l'exemple proposé, ce mécanisme ne peut pas supprimer l'année bissextile pour les années divisibles par 100 qui ne sont pas divisible par 400, donc un utilisateur doit corriger l'indication lui-même à la fin du mois de février pour l'année 2100, 2200 etc.Note that in the example proposed, this mechanism cannot delete the leap year for years divisible by 100 which are not divisible by 400, so a user must correct the indication himself at the end of the month of February for the year 2100, 2200 etc.

En ce qui concerne les affichages dérivés du mécanisme 1 selon l'invention, on peut simplement prévoir un organe d'indication du quantième 29, solidaire en rotation du mobile de quantième 3. Cet organe 29 peut être une aiguille, un disque, un anneau ou similaire. Alternativement, un tel organe 29 peut être entrainé directement ou indirectement par le mobile de quantième 3 ou par la roue de synchronisation 13. Le mécanisme 1 fait ainsi partie d'un mécanisme d'affichage.As regards the displays derived from the mechanism 1 according to the invention, one can simply provide a date indication member 29, integral in rotation with the date mobile 3. This member 29 may be a hand, a disc, a ring. or similar. Alternatively, such a member 29 can be driven directly or indirectly by the date mobile 3 or by the synchronization wheel 13. The mechanism 1 thus forms part of a display mechanism.

Il est également possible de prévoir des moyens d'affichage du mois 31, des moyens d'affichage 33 de la position de l'année dans le cycle de 4 ans qui détermine les années bissextiles sur des mobiles faisant partie d'un rouage supplémentaire 35 entrainés par la troisième liaison cinématique ou par un autre mobile tel que le mobile de quantième 3 ou la roue de synchronisation 13. Il est également possible de dériver un affichage du jour de la semaine depuis le mobile des heures 7 en prévoyant une liaison cinématique adaptée à ce but. L'homme du métier peut déterminer, en appliquant ses connaissances générales, des agencements d'engrenages ad hoc qui servent à remplir ces buts.It is also possible to provide means for displaying the month 31, means 33 for displaying the position of the year in the 4-year cycle which determines the leap years on mobiles forming part of an additional gear 35 driven by the third kinematic link or by another mobile such as the date mobile 3 or the synchronization wheel 13. It is also possible to derive a display of the day of the week from the mobile for hours 7 by providing a suitable kinematic link for this purpose. Those skilled in the art can determine, by applying their general knowledge, ad hoc gear arrangements which serve to fulfill these purposes.

Lors d'une correction manuelle dudit mobile de quantième 3 par le biais d'un organe de manœuvre tel qu'une tige de remontoir et/ou de mise à l'heure (non illustré), le mécanisme décrit ci-dessus garde la synchronisation des divers organes d'affichage 31, 33, 35, et ce indépendamment du sens de ladite correction.During a manual correction of said date mobile 3 by means of a maneuvering member such as a winding and / or time-setting stem (not illustrated), the mechanism described above keeps the synchronization of the various display members 31, 33, 35, regardless of the direction of said correction.

Par ailleurs, on note qu'un grand nombre de variations supplémentaires sont possibles sur la base du mécanisme 1 décrit ci-dessus.Furthermore, it is noted that a large number of additional variations are possible on the basis of the mechanism 1 described above.

Par exemple, l'utilisation de la roue de synchronisation 13 confère au constructeur la liberté de placer les sous-systèmes selon ses besoins dans le plan du mécanisme, à des endroits ad hoc. La roue de synchronisation 13 peut être une couronne à denture interne, et peut être agencée à la périphérie du mécanisme 1 et éventuellement à la périphérie du mouvement de base (non illustré).For example, the use of the synchronization wheel 13 gives the manufacturer the freedom to place the subsystems according to his needs in the plane of the mechanism, at ad hoc locations. The synchronization wheel 13 may be a ring gear with internal teeth, and may be arranged at the periphery of the mechanism 1 and possibly at the periphery of the base movement (not illustrated).

Chaque engrenage direct peut être remplacé par un engrenage indirect comportant un ou plusieurs renvois, et le nombre de dents des divers organes dentés peut varier selon les besoins du constructeur. Finalement, encore d'autres variantes sont possibles sans sortir du cadre de l'invention comme définie dans les revendications.Each direct gear can be replaced by an indirect gear comprising one or more returns, and the number of teeth of the various toothed members can vary according to the needs of the manufacturer. Finally, still other variants are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Claims (11)

  1. Calendar mechanism (1) for a timepiece comprising:
    - a date wheel (3) arranged to be driven stepwise at one step per day by a corresponding actuator (9a) ;
    characterized in that said mechanism (1) also comprises:
    - a synchronization wheel (13) kinematically linked with said date wheel (3);
    - a first subsystem (15), a second subsystem (17) and a third subsystem (19) arranged laterally relative to one another and substantially in the same plane, each subsystem (15, 17, 19) comprising a correction wheel (15a, 17a, 19a) kinematically linked with said synchronization wheel (13) and each carrying a respective retractable tooth (15b, 17b, 19b) and a respective control cam (15f, 17f, 19f) arranged to bring said respective retractable tooth (15b, 17b, 19b) into an active position in which it can be driven by a respective actuator (23a, 23b, 23c) at the end of a month,
    wherein:
    - the control cam (15f) of the first subsystem (15) is arranged to bring said respective retractable tooth (15b) into its active position at the end of each month having less than 31 days;
    - the control cam (17f) of the second subsystem (17) is arranged to bring said respective retractable tooth (17b) into its active position at the end of each month of February; and
    - the control cam (19f) of the third subsystem (19) is arranged to bring said respective retractable tooth (19b) into its active position at the end of each month of February having only 28 days.
  2. Mechanism (1) according to Claim 1, wherein said synchronization wheel (13) is a toothed crown.
  3. Mechanism (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said date wheel (3) meshes directly with said synchronization wheel (13).
  4. Mechanism (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said correction wheel (15a, 17a, 19a) of at least one of said subsystems (15, 17, 19) meshes directly with said synchronization wheel (13) .
  5. Mechanism (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said control cam (15f, 17f, 19f) of each subsystem (15, 17, 19) is coaxial to said corresponding correction wheel (15a, 17a, 19a).
  6. Mechanism (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each retractable tooth (15b, 17b, 19b) is integral with a respective lever (15e, 17e, 19e) mounted to pivot on said respective correction wheel (15a, 17a, 19a) and cooperating with said corresponding control cam (15f, 17f, 19f).
  7. Mechanism (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each control cam (15f, 17f, 19f) is arranged to be driven by a kinematic link (25, 27) with a force take-off from said synchronization wheel (13).
  8. Mechanism (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein said actuators (9a, 23a, 23b, 23c) are arranged to be driven by a horological movement via a respective kinematic link (5, 21) not including said synchronization wheel (13).
  9. Horological movement comprising a mechanism (1) according to one of the preceding claims and at least one display organ (29, 31, 33) arranged to be driven by said mechanism (1).
  10. Horological movement according to preceding claim, wherein said mechanism is arranged such that a correction of the date wheel (3) by a manoeuvring organ such as a winding stem can be done in both directions of rotation, while keeping the synchronization of said at least one display organ (29, 31, 33).
  11. Timepiece comprising a horological movement according to one of Claims 9 and 10.
EP19179904.8A 2018-06-22 2019-06-13 Calendar mechanism for timepiece Active EP3588201B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00794/18A CH715119A1 (en) 2018-06-22 2018-06-22 Perpetual calendar mechanism for a timepiece.

Publications (2)

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EP3588201A1 EP3588201A1 (en) 2020-01-01
EP3588201B1 true EP3588201B1 (en) 2020-12-09

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19179904.8A Active EP3588201B1 (en) 2018-06-22 2019-06-13 Calendar mechanism for timepiece

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EP (1) EP3588201B1 (en)
CH (1) CH715119A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1240559B1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2005-08-31 Belpanoram AG Annual, perpetual or centennial calendar mechanism
CH704505A2 (en) * 2011-02-17 2012-08-31 Glashuetter Uhrenbetrieb Gmbh Perpetual calendar mechanism for watch, has pivotally retractable teeth mounted to pivot between active position in which teeth are driven by timepiece movement and inactive position in which teeth are not driven by timepiece movement
CH707014B1 (en) * 2012-09-28 2017-03-15 Mft Et Fabrique De Montres Et Chronomètres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle Sa Date mechanism.
EP2813902A1 (en) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-17 Cartier Création Studio S.A. Calendar mechanism for a clockwork
CH711749A1 (en) * 2015-11-13 2017-05-15 Gfpi Sa Calendar mechanism for timepiece.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Publication number Publication date
CH715119A1 (en) 2019-12-30
EP3588201A1 (en) 2020-01-01

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