EP3587328A2 - Electromagnetic safety trigger - Google Patents
Electromagnetic safety trigger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3587328A2 EP3587328A2 EP19167273.2A EP19167273A EP3587328A2 EP 3587328 A2 EP3587328 A2 EP 3587328A2 EP 19167273 A EP19167273 A EP 19167273A EP 3587328 A2 EP3587328 A2 EP 3587328A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electromagnetic component
- move
- engaging position
- biasing member
- braking device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
- B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
- B66B5/22—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by means of linearly-movable wedges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/04—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
- B66B5/044—Mechanical overspeed governors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
- B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
Definitions
- the present disclosure is generally related to braking and/or safety systems and, more specifically, an electromagnetic safety trigger.
- Some machines such as an elevator system, include a safety system to stop the machine when it rotates or travels at excessive speeds in response to an inoperative component.
- a traditional safety system includes a significant number of components that are required to effectively operate the system. These additional components increase installation time and costs. There is therefore a need for a safety system that reduces the number of components and is cost effective.
- selectively operable braking device for an elevator system.
- the selectively operable braking device includes a safety brake disposed on the car and adapted to be wedged against one of the guiderails when moved from a non-braking state into a braking state, a rod operably coupled to the safety brake, the rod configured to move the safety brake between the non-breaking state and braking state, a magnetic brake operably coupled to the rod and disposed adjacent to the guiderail, the magnetic brake configured to move between a rail-engaging position and a rail-non-engaging position, said magnetic brake, when in the rail-engaging position contemporaneously with motion of the car, moving the rod in a direction to thereby move the safety brake from the non-braking state into the braking state, and an electromagnetic component, the electromagnetic component configured to move the magnetic brake from the rail-engaging position to the rail-non-engaging position upon receipt of a resetting signal.
- the electromagnetic component may comprise a retention apparatus configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis.
- the retention apparatus may further comprise a biasing member configured to apply a force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- the retention apparatus may further comprise a housing wall, wherein the biasing member is disposed between the housing wall and the electromagnetic component, wherein the biasing component is operative to apply the force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one compression spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one compression conical spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one leaf spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one tension spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one compressible foam member.
- the retention apparatus may further comprises: a motor; and a threaded shaft operably coupled to the motor for rotation thereof by the motor; wherein the threaded shaft is further threadingly coupled to the electromagnetic component such that rotation of the threaded shaft by the motor causes the electromagnetic component to move in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- a selectively operable magnetic braking system comprising: a safety brake disposed on a machine and adapted to arrest movement of the machine when moved from a non-braking state into a braking state; a magnetic brake disposed adjacent to the machine, the magnetic brake configured to move between an engaging position and a non-engaging position, said magnetic brake, when in the engaging position contemporaneously with motion of the machine, moving to thereby move the safety brake from the non-braking state into the braking state; an electromagnetic component configured to move the magnetic brake from the engaging position to the non-engaging position upon receipt of a resetting signal; and wherein the electromagnetic component further comprises a retention apparatus configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis.
- the retention apparatus may further comprise a biasing member configured to apply a force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- the retention apparatus may further comprise a housing wall, wherein the biasing member is disposed between the housing wall and the electromagnetic component, wherein the biasing component is operative to apply the force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one compression spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one compression conical spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one leaf spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one tension spring.
- the biasing member may comprise at least one compressible foam member.
- the retention apparatus may further comprises: a motor; and a threaded shaft operably coupled to the motor for rotation thereof by the motor; wherein the threaded shaft is further threadingly coupled to the electromagnetic component such that rotation of the threaded shaft by the motor causes the electromagnetic component to move in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- the selectively operable braking device further includes a safety controller in electrical communication with the electromagnetic component, the safety controller configured to send a trigger signal and the resetting signal, wherein the electromagnetic component is configured to move the magnetic brake to the rail-engaging position upon receipt of the trigger signal.
- the electromagnetic component is configured to hold the magnetic brake in the rail-non-engaging position.
- the electromagnetic component further includes a retention apparatus.
- the retention apparatus comprises a housing wall, wherein in some embodiments, the retention apparatus further includes a biasing member configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis. In further embodiments, the retention apparatus further includes at least one spring configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis. In further embodiments, the retention apparatus further includes a motor and a threaded rod threadingly engaged with the electromagnetic component and configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis. In another embodiment, the retention apparatus is configured to return the magnetic brake, the electromagnetic component, or both, to the rail-non-engaging position when the electromagnetic component and the magnetic brake are fully engaged.
- FIG. 1 shows an elevator system, generally indicated at 10.
- the elevator system 10 includes cables 12, a car frame 14, a car 16, roller guides 18, guide rails 20, a governor 22, safeties 24, linkages 26, levers 28, and lift rods 30.
- Governor 22 includes a governor sheave 32, rope loop 34, and a tensioning sheave 36.
- Cables 12 are connected to car frame 14 and a counterweight (not shown in FIG. 1 ) inside a hoistway.
- Car 16, which is attached to car frame 14, moves up and down the hoistway by force transmitted through cables 12 to car frame 14 by an elevator drive (not shown) commonly located in a machine room at the top of the hoistway.
- Roller guides 18 are attached to car frame 14 to guide the car 16 up and down the hoistway along guide rail 20.
- governor sheave 32 is mounted at an upper end of the hoistway.
- Rope loop 34 is wrapped partially around governor sheave 32 and partially around tensioning sheave 36 (located in this embodiment at a bottom end of the hoistway).
- Rope loop 34 is also connected to elevator car 16 at lever 28, ensuring that the angular velocity of governor sheave 32 is directly related to the speed of elevator car 16
- governor 22 an electromechanical brake (not shown) located in the machine room, and safeties 24 act to stop elevator car 16 if car 16 exceeds a set speed as it travels inside the hoistway. If car 16 reaches an over-speed condition, governor 22 is triggered initially to engage a switch, which in turn cuts power to the elevator drive and drops the brake to arrest movement of the drive sheave and thereby arrest movement of car 16. If, however, cables 12 break or car 16 otherwise experiences a free-fall condition unaffected by the brake, governor 22 may then act to trigger safeties 24 to arrest movement of car 16. In addition to engaging a switch to drop the brake, governor 22 also releases a clutching device that grips the governor rope 34.
- governor rope 34 is connected to safeties 24 through mechanical linkages 26, levers 28, and lift rods 30. As car 16 continues its descent unaffected by the brake, governor rope 34, which is now prevented from moving by actuated governor 22, pulls on operating lever 28. Operating lever 28 "sets" safeties 24 by moving linkages 26 connected to lift rods 30, which lift rods 30 cause safeties 24 to engage guide rails 20 to bring car 16 to a stop.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an electromagnetic safety trigger 40 for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state.
- the electromagnetic safety trigger 40 includes an electromagnetic component 42 and a magnetic brake 44.
- the electromagnetic component 42 includes a coil 46 and a core 48 disposed within a housing 50.
- the electromagnetic component 42 further includes a retention apparatus 52.
- the retention apparatus 52 includes a housing wall 54 and at least one resetting spring 56.
- the at least one resetting spring 56 is configured to move the electromagnetic component 42 in a direction parallel to the axis A.
- the housing wall 54 may be flexible and configured to move the electromagnetic component 42 in a direction parallel to the axis A. In such an embodiment, the at least one resetting spring 56 may not be required.
- the magnetic brake 44 includes a holder 58 having a first end 60 and a brake portion 62 disposed on a second end 64.
- a magnet 66 is disposed within the holder 58, and configured to magnetically couple the magnetic brake 44 to the electromagnetic component 42 in a non-engaging position and to a metal component of the system (e.g. the guide rails 20) in an engaging position.
- the magnetic brake 44 is attracted and held to the electromagnetic component 42 via the core 48.
- the at least one resetting spring 56 is operative to hold the electromagnetic component 42 in normal operating state (i.e. non-engaging position).
- the at least one resetting spring 56 includes a preset tension such that the attraction force between the magnetic brake 44 and the guide rails 20 is far less than the holding force provided by the at least one resetting spring 56.
- the electromagnetic component 42 propels the magnetic brake 44 towards the guide rail 20 as shown in FIGs. 3 and 4 .
- the safety 24 is pushed in an upward direction by a small linkage bar 66 operably coupled to the safety 24 and the magnetic brake 44 when relative motion is created by the magnetic brake 44 sticking to the guide rail 20.
- FIG. 5 shows the electromagnetic safety trigger 40 in a transition state from a braking state to a non-braking state.
- electromagnetic safety trigger 40 While the embodiment of the electromagnetic safety trigger 40 is shown in use with an elevator system 10, it will be appreciated that the electromagnetic safety trigger 40 may be suitable for any large stroke range application, such as a rotary arrangement and linear arrangement machines to name a couple of non-limiting example.
- FIGs. 6-8 show the electromagnetic safety trigger 40 with a rotary arrangement machine 70.
- One or more electromagnetic safety triggers 40 are shown disposed within a stationary housing, and located adjacent to the rotary arrangement machine 70. As the magnetic brake 44 is propelled to fully engage the rotary arrangement machine 70, as shown in FIG. 8 , a portion of the magnetic brake 44 remains within the stationary housing 72 to arrest rotation of the rotary arrangement machine 70.
- the retention apparatus 52 may be moved in order to create a slimmer width of the safety trigger 40.
- FIGs. 9 and 10 are illustrated an embodiment of an electromagnetic safety trigger 40A for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state.
- the electromagnetic safety trigger 40A includes an electromagnetic component 42A and a magnetic brake 44.
- the electromagnetic component 42A includes a core 46A and a coil 48A attached to a housing 50A that passes through the core 46A.
- the housing 50A includes extending portions 80A.
- the electromagnetic component 42A further includes a retention apparatus 52A.
- the retention apparatus 52A includes a housing wall 54A, an opposing housing wall 54B, and at least one biasing member.
- the at least one biasing member comprises at least one resetting spring 56A.
- the at least one resetting springs 56A are configured to move the electromagnetic component 42A in a direction parallel to the axis A.
- the resetting springs 56A in the illustrated embodiment comprise compression conical springs that can compress to the diameter of the wire from which they are formed. It will be appreciated from the present disclosure that any type of compression springs (i.e., non-conical compression springs) may be used.
- FIG. 11 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 11 , in which is illustrated an embodiment of an electromagnetic safety trigger 40B for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state.
- the electromagnetic safety trigger 40B includes an electromagnetic component 42B and a magnetic brake 44.
- the electromagnetic component 42B includes a core 46B and a coil 48A.
- the electromagnetic component 42B further includes a retention apparatus 52B.
- the retention apparatus 52B includes a housing wall 54A, an opposing housing wall 54B, and a resetting spring 56B.
- the resetting spring 56B comprises a leaf spring that extends between the housing wall 54B on one side of the electromagnetic component 42B, through the core 46B and to the housing wall 54B on one side of the electromagnetic component 42B.
- the resetting spring may extend in an arc only from the housing wall 54B to the electromagnetic component 42B on one side thereof. In other embodiments, this configuration of resetting spring 56B is disposed on either side of the electromagnetic component 42B, but the arced resetting springs 56B are not coupled together.
- the resetting spring 56B is configured to move the electromagnetic component 42B in a direction parallel to the axis A.
- FIG. 12 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 12 , in which is illustrated an embodiment of an electromagnetic safety trigger 40C for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state.
- the electromagnetic safety trigger 40C includes an electromagnetic component 42C and a magnetic brake 44.
- the electromagnetic component 42C includes a core 46C and a coil 48A attached to a housing 50C that passes through the core 46C.
- the housing 50C includes extending portions 80C.
- the electromagnetic component 42C further includes a retention apparatus 52C.
- the retention apparatus 52C includes a housing wall 54C and at least one resetting spring 56C. In the illustrated embodiment, there are two resetting springs 56C disposed between the housing wall 54C and the extending portions 80C of the housing 50C.
- resetting springs 56C there may be fewer or greater than two resetting springs 56C.
- the resetting springs 56C in the illustrated embodiment comprise tension springs.
- the at least one resetting springs 56C are configured to move the electromagnetic component 42C in a direction parallel to the axis A.
- FIG. 13 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 13 , in which is illustrated an embodiment of an electromagnetic safety trigger 40D for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state.
- the electromagnetic safety trigger 40D includes an electromagnetic component 42D and a magnetic brake 44.
- the electromagnetic component 42D includes a core 46D and a coil 48A attached to a housing 50D that passes through the core 46D.
- the housing 50D includes extending portions 80D.
- the electromagnetic component 42D further includes a retention apparatus 52D.
- the retention apparatus 52D includes a housing wall 54A, an opposing housing wall 54B, and at least one resetting spring 56D. In the illustrated embodiment, there are two resetting springs 56D disposed between the housing wall 54B and the extending portions 80D of the housing 50D.
- the at least one resetting springs 56D are configured to move the electromagnetic component 42D in a direction parallel to the axis A.
- the resetting springs 56D in the illustrated embodiment comprise compressible foam members that return to their original shape when the compressive force acting upon them is sufficiently low.
- the resetting springs 56 may be moved to a location behind the core 46/coil 48 (i.e., into the page) and/or to a location in front of the core 46/coil 48 (i.e., out of the page). Such positioning will reduce the height of the electromagnetic safety trigger 40.
- FIG. 14 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 14 , in which is illustrated an embodiment of an electromagnetic safety trigger 40E for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state.
- the electromagnetic safety trigger 40E includes an electromagnetic component 42E and a magnetic brake 44.
- the electromagnetic component 42E includes a core 46E and a coil 48A attached to a housing 50E.
- the housing 50E includes an extending portion 80E.
- the electromagnetic component 42E further includes a retention apparatus 52E.
- the retention apparatus 52E includes a motor 90 driving a threaded shaft 92.
- the threaded shaft 92 threadingly engages a threaded hole formed through the extending portion 80E.
- the present embodiments include an electromagnetic safety trigger 40 having a retention apparatus 52 capable of generating enough force to disengage the magnetic brake 44 from a metal component of the system during a reset condition.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present application is a continuation-in-part of, and claims the priority benefit of,
U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 15/179,281 filed June 10, 2016 U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62/186,635 filed June 30, 2015 - The present disclosure is generally related to braking and/or safety systems and, more specifically, an electromagnetic safety trigger.
- Some machines, such as an elevator system, include a safety system to stop the machine when it rotates or travels at excessive speeds in response to an inoperative component. Generally, a traditional safety system includes a significant number of components that are required to effectively operate the system. These additional components increase installation time and costs. There is therefore a need for a safety system that reduces the number of components and is cost effective.
- In one aspect, selectively operable braking device for an elevator system is provided. The selectively operable braking device includes a safety brake disposed on the car and adapted to be wedged against one of the guiderails when moved from a non-braking state into a braking state, a rod operably coupled to the safety brake, the rod configured to move the safety brake between the non-breaking state and braking state, a magnetic brake operably coupled to the rod and disposed adjacent to the guiderail, the magnetic brake configured to move between a rail-engaging position and a rail-non-engaging position, said magnetic brake, when in the rail-engaging position contemporaneously with motion of the car, moving the rod in a direction to thereby move the safety brake from the non-braking state into the braking state, and an electromagnetic component, the electromagnetic component configured to move the magnetic brake from the rail-engaging position to the rail-non-engaging position upon receipt of a resetting signal.
- The electromagnetic component may comprise a retention apparatus configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis. The retention apparatus may further comprise a biasing member configured to apply a force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis. The retention apparatus may further comprise a housing wall, wherein the biasing member is disposed between the housing wall and the electromagnetic component, wherein the biasing component is operative to apply the force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- The biasing member may comprise at least one spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one compression spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one compression conical spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one leaf spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one tension spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one compressible foam member.
- The retention apparatus may further comprises: a motor; and a threaded shaft operably coupled to the motor for rotation thereof by the motor; wherein the threaded shaft is further threadingly coupled to the electromagnetic component such that rotation of the threaded shaft by the motor causes the electromagnetic component to move in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
According to another aspect there is provided a selectively operable magnetic braking system comprising: a safety brake disposed on a machine and adapted to arrest movement of the machine when moved from a non-braking state into a braking state; a magnetic brake disposed adjacent to the machine, the magnetic brake configured to move between an engaging position and a non-engaging position, said magnetic brake, when in the engaging position contemporaneously with motion of the machine, moving to thereby move the safety brake from the non-braking state into the braking state; an electromagnetic component configured to move the magnetic brake from the engaging position to the non-engaging position upon receipt of a resetting signal; and wherein the electromagnetic component further comprises a retention apparatus configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis. - The retention apparatus may further comprise a biasing member configured to apply a force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- The retention apparatus may further comprise a housing wall, wherein the biasing member is disposed between the housing wall and the electromagnetic component, wherein the biasing component is operative to apply the force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- The biasing member may comprise at least one spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one compression spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one compression conical spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one leaf spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one tension spring. The biasing member may comprise at least one compressible foam member.
- The retention apparatus may further comprises: a motor; and a threaded shaft operably coupled to the motor for rotation thereof by the motor; wherein the threaded shaft is further threadingly coupled to the electromagnetic component such that rotation of the threaded shaft by the motor causes the electromagnetic component to move in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- In an embodiment, the selectively operable braking device further includes a safety controller in electrical communication with the electromagnetic component, the safety controller configured to send a trigger signal and the resetting signal, wherein the electromagnetic component is configured to move the magnetic brake to the rail-engaging position upon receipt of the trigger signal. In any of the preceding embodiments, the electromagnetic component is configured to hold the magnetic brake in the rail-non-engaging position.
- In any of the preceding embodiments, the electromagnetic component further includes a retention apparatus. In an embodiment, the retention apparatus comprises a housing wall, wherein in some embodiments, the retention apparatus further includes a biasing member configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis. In further embodiments, the retention apparatus further includes at least one spring configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis. In further embodiments, the retention apparatus further includes a motor and a threaded rod threadingly engaged with the electromagnetic component and configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis. In another embodiment, the retention apparatus is configured to return the magnetic brake, the electromagnetic component, or both, to the rail-non-engaging position when the electromagnetic component and the magnetic brake are fully engaged.
- Other embodiments are also disclosed.
- The embodiments and other features, advantages and disclosures contained herein, and the manner of attaining them, will become apparent and the present disclosure will be better understood by reference to the following description of various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an elevator system employing a mechanical governor; -
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic safety trigger in a non-braking state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 3 is a side view of the electromagnetic safety trigger in a braking state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic safety trigger at the braking position and is in an actuated state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic safety trigger at the braking position and is in the state transition from a braking state to a non-braking state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 6 is front view of a rotary arrangement machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic safety trigger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic safety trigger in a braking state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 9 is a side view of the electromagnetic safety trigger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic safety trigger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic safety trigger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic safety trigger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic safety trigger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic safety trigger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. - For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the present disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of this disclosure is thereby intended.
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FIG. 1 shows an elevator system, generally indicated at 10. Theelevator system 10 includescables 12, acar frame 14, acar 16,roller guides 18,guide rails 20, agovernor 22,safeties 24,linkages 26,levers 28, andlift rods 30.Governor 22 includes a governor sheave 32,rope loop 34, and a tensioningsheave 36.Cables 12 are connected tocar frame 14 and a counterweight (not shown inFIG. 1 ) inside a hoistway.Car 16, which is attached tocar frame 14, moves up and down the hoistway by force transmitted throughcables 12 tocar frame 14 by an elevator drive (not shown) commonly located in a machine room at the top of the hoistway.Roller guides 18 are attached tocar frame 14 to guide thecar 16 up and down the hoistway alongguide rail 20.Governor sheave 32 is mounted at an upper end of the hoistway.Rope loop 34 is wrapped partially aroundgovernor sheave 32 and partially around tensioning sheave 36 (located in this embodiment at a bottom end of the hoistway).Rope loop 34 is also connected toelevator car 16 atlever 28, ensuring that the angular velocity ofgovernor sheave 32 is directly related to the speed ofelevator car 16 - In the
elevator system 10 shown inFIG. 1 ,governor 22, an electromechanical brake (not shown) located in the machine room, andsafeties 24 act to stopelevator car 16 ifcar 16 exceeds a set speed as it travels inside the hoistway. Ifcar 16 reaches an over-speed condition,governor 22 is triggered initially to engage a switch, which in turn cuts power to the elevator drive and drops the brake to arrest movement of the drive sheave and thereby arrest movement ofcar 16.
If, however,cables 12 break orcar 16 otherwise experiences a free-fall condition unaffected by the brake,governor 22 may then act to triggersafeties 24 to arrest movement ofcar 16. In addition to engaging a switch to drop the brake,governor 22 also releases a clutching device that grips thegovernor rope 34.Governor rope 34 is connected tosafeties 24 throughmechanical linkages 26, levers 28, and liftrods 30. Ascar 16 continues its descent unaffected by the brake,governor rope 34, which is now prevented from moving by actuatedgovernor 22, pulls on operatinglever 28. Operatinglever 28 "sets"safeties 24 by movinglinkages 26 connected to liftrods 30, which liftrods 30cause safeties 24 to engageguide rails 20 to bringcar 16 to a stop. -
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of anelectromagnetic safety trigger 40 for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state. Theelectromagnetic safety trigger 40 includes anelectromagnetic component 42 and amagnetic brake 44. Theelectromagnetic component 42 includes acoil 46 and a core 48 disposed within ahousing 50. Theelectromagnetic component 42 further includes aretention apparatus 52. In the embodiment shown, theretention apparatus 52 includes ahousing wall 54 and at least one resettingspring 56. The at least one resettingspring 56 is configured to move theelectromagnetic component 42 in a direction parallel to the axis A. In an embodiment, thehousing wall 54 may be flexible and configured to move theelectromagnetic component 42 in a direction parallel to the axis A. In such an embodiment, the at least one resettingspring 56 may not be required. Themagnetic brake 44 includes aholder 58 having afirst end 60 and abrake portion 62 disposed on asecond end 64. Amagnet 66 is disposed within theholder 58, and configured to magnetically couple themagnetic brake 44 to theelectromagnetic component 42 in a non-engaging position and to a metal component of the system (e.g. the guide rails 20) in an engaging position. - For example, in the non-engaging position, the
magnetic brake 44 is attracted and held to theelectromagnetic component 42 via thecore 48. The at least one resettingspring 56 is operative to hold theelectromagnetic component 42 in normal operating state (i.e. non-engaging position). The at least one resettingspring 56 includes a preset tension such that the attraction force between themagnetic brake 44 and the guide rails 20 is far less than the holding force provided by the at least one resettingspring 56. - In the event of an overspeed condition of
elevator car 16 in the down direction, theelectromagnetic component 42 propels themagnetic brake 44 towards theguide rail 20 as shown inFIGs. 3 and4 . As a result, thesafety 24 is pushed in an upward direction by asmall linkage bar 66 operably coupled to thesafety 24 and themagnetic brake 44 when relative motion is created by themagnetic brake 44 sticking to theguide rail 20. -
FIG. 5 shows theelectromagnetic safety trigger 40 in a transition state from a braking state to a non-braking state. After thecar 16 has come to a stop, thecar 16 is moved in the opposite direction of travel until themagnetic brake 44 and theelectromagnetic component 42 are substantially aligned. A reverse current energizes theelectromagnetic component 42 such that theelectromagnetic component 42 overcomes the spring force of the at least one resettingspring 56 and moves towards themagnetic brake 44. When theelectromagnetic component 42 and themagnetic brake 44 are fully engaged, the magnetic force between themagnetic brake 44 and therail 20 is significantly reduced due to the change of magnetic circuit. As such, the force created by the at least one resettingspring 56 is able to pull themagnetic brake 44 andelectromagnetic component 42 together to return to the normal operating state (i.e. the non-engaging position, seeFig. 2 ). - While the embodiment of the
electromagnetic safety trigger 40 is shown in use with anelevator system 10, it will be appreciated that theelectromagnetic safety trigger 40 may be suitable for any large stroke range application, such as a rotary arrangement and linear arrangement machines to name a couple of non-limiting example. - For example,
FIGs. 6-8 show theelectromagnetic safety trigger 40 with arotary arrangement machine 70. One or more electromagnetic safety triggers 40 are shown disposed within a stationary housing, and located adjacent to therotary arrangement machine 70. As themagnetic brake 44 is propelled to fully engage therotary arrangement machine 70, as shown inFIG. 8 , a portion of themagnetic brake 44 remains within thestationary housing 72 to arrest rotation of therotary arrangement machine 70. - In other embodiments, the
retention apparatus 52 may be moved in order to create a slimmer width of thesafety trigger 40. One such embodiment is shown inFIGs. 9 and10 , in which are illustrated an embodiment of anelectromagnetic safety trigger 40A for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state. Theelectromagnetic safety trigger 40A includes anelectromagnetic component 42A and amagnetic brake 44. Theelectromagnetic component 42A includes acore 46A and acoil 48A attached to ahousing 50A that passes through thecore 46A. Thehousing 50A includes extendingportions 80A. Theelectromagnetic component 42A further includes aretention apparatus 52A. In the embodiment shown, theretention apparatus 52A includes ahousing wall 54A, an opposinghousing wall 54B, and at least one biasing member. In the illustrated embodiment, the at least one biasing member comprises at least one resettingspring 56A. In one embodiment, there are two resettingsprings 56A disposed between thehousing wall 54B and the extendingportions 80A of thehousing 50A. In other embodiments, there may be fewer or greater than two resettingsprings 56A. The at least one resetting springs 56A are configured to move theelectromagnetic component 42A in a direction parallel to the axis A. The resetting springs 56A in the illustrated embodiment comprise compression conical springs that can compress to the diameter of the wire from which they are formed. It will be appreciated from the present disclosure that any type of compression springs (i.e., non-conical compression springs) may be used. - Another embodiment is shown in
FIG. 11 , in which is illustrated an embodiment of anelectromagnetic safety trigger 40B for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state. Theelectromagnetic safety trigger 40B includes anelectromagnetic component 42B and amagnetic brake 44. Theelectromagnetic component 42B includes a core 46B and acoil 48A. Theelectromagnetic component 42B further includes aretention apparatus 52B. In the embodiment shown, theretention apparatus 52B includes ahousing wall 54A, an opposinghousing wall 54B, and aresetting spring 56B. In the illustrated embodiment, the resettingspring 56B comprises a leaf spring that extends between thehousing wall 54B on one side of theelectromagnetic component 42B, through thecore 46B and to thehousing wall 54B on one side of theelectromagnetic component 42B. In other embodiments, there may be fewer or greater than one resettingspring 56B. In some embodiments, the resetting spring may extend in an arc only from thehousing wall 54B to theelectromagnetic component 42B on one side thereof. In other embodiments, this configuration of resettingspring 56B is disposed on either side of theelectromagnetic component 42B, but the arced resetting springs 56B are not coupled together. The resettingspring 56B is configured to move theelectromagnetic component 42B in a direction parallel to the axis A. - Another embodiment is shown in
FIG. 12 , in which is illustrated an embodiment of anelectromagnetic safety trigger 40C for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state. Theelectromagnetic safety trigger 40C includes anelectromagnetic component 42C and amagnetic brake 44. Theelectromagnetic component 42C includes acore 46C and acoil 48A attached to ahousing 50C that passes through thecore 46C. Thehousing 50C includes extendingportions 80C. Theelectromagnetic component 42C further includes aretention apparatus 52C. In the embodiment shown, theretention apparatus 52C includes ahousing wall 54C and at least one resettingspring 56C. In the illustrated embodiment, there are two resettingsprings 56C disposed between thehousing wall 54C and the extendingportions 80C of thehousing 50C. In other embodiments, there may be fewer or greater than two resettingsprings 56C. The resetting springs 56C in the illustrated embodiment comprise tension springs. The at least one resetting springs 56C are configured to move theelectromagnetic component 42C in a direction parallel to the axis A. - Another embodiment is shown in
FIG. 13 , in which is illustrated an embodiment of an electromagnetic safety trigger 40D for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state. The electromagnetic safety trigger 40D includes anelectromagnetic component 42D and amagnetic brake 44. Theelectromagnetic component 42D includes acore 46D and acoil 48A attached to ahousing 50D that passes through thecore 46D. Thehousing 50D includes extendingportions 80D. Theelectromagnetic component 42D further includes aretention apparatus 52D. In the embodiment shown, theretention apparatus 52D includes ahousing wall 54A, an opposinghousing wall 54B, and at least oneresetting spring 56D. In the illustrated embodiment, there are two resettingsprings 56D disposed between thehousing wall 54B and the extendingportions 80D of thehousing 50D. In other embodiments, there may be fewer or greater than two resettingsprings 56D. The at least one resetting springs 56D are configured to move theelectromagnetic component 42D in a direction parallel to the axis A. The resetting springs 56D in the illustrated embodiment comprise compressible foam members that return to their original shape when the compressive force acting upon them is sufficiently low. - In all of the above embodiments, it will be appreciated from the above description that the resetting springs 56 may be moved to a location behind the core 46/coil 48 (i.e., into the page) and/or to a location in front of the core 46/coil 48 (i.e., out of the page). Such positioning will reduce the height of the
electromagnetic safety trigger 40. - Another embodiment is shown in
FIG. 14 , in which is illustrated an embodiment of anelectromagnetic safety trigger 40E for an elevator safety system in a normal operating state. Theelectromagnetic safety trigger 40E includes anelectromagnetic component 42E and amagnetic brake 44. Theelectromagnetic component 42E includes acore 46E and acoil 48A attached to ahousing 50E. Thehousing 50E includes an extendingportion 80E. Theelectromagnetic component 42E further includes aretention apparatus 52E. In the embodiment shown, theretention apparatus 52E includes amotor 90 driving a threadedshaft 92. The threadedshaft 92 threadingly engages a threaded hole formed through the extendingportion 80E. In the illustrated embodiment, there is onemotor 90/threadedshaft 92/threaded hole combination. In other embodiments, there may be greater than onemotor 90/threadedshaft 92/threaded hole combination. Operation of themotor 90 to turn the threadedshaft 92 operates to move theelectromagnetic component 42E in a direction parallel to the axis A. Theelectromagnetic component 42E will move toward theguide rail 20 when themotor 90 is operated in a first direction (during the reset operation), and away from theguide rail 20 when the motor is operated in the opposite direction thereafter. - It will therefore be appreciated that the present embodiments include an
electromagnetic safety trigger 40 having aretention apparatus 52 capable of generating enough force to disengage themagnetic brake 44 from a metal component of the system during a reset condition. - While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only certain embodiments have been shown and described and that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected.
Claims (15)
- A selectively operable braking device for an elevator system including a car and a plurality of guiderails, comprising:a safety brake disposed on the car and adapted to be wedged against one of the guiderails when moved from a non-braking state into a braking state;a rod operably coupled to the safety brake, the rod configured to move the safety brake between the non-breaking state and braking state;a magnetic brake operably coupled to the rod and disposed adjacent to the guiderail, the magnetic brake configured to move between a rail-engaging position and a rail-non-engaging position, said magnetic brake, when in the rail-engaging position contemporaneously with motion of the car, moving the rod in a direction to thereby move the safety brake from the non-braking state into the braking state; andan electromagnetic component, the electromagnetic component configured to move the magnetic brake from the rail-engaging position to the rail-non-engaging position upon receipt of a resetting signal;wherein the electromagnetic component further comprises a retention apparatus configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis.
- The braking device claim 1, wherein the retention apparatus further comprises a biasing member configured to apply a force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- The braking device of claim 2, wherein the retention apparatus further comprises a housing wall, wherein the biasing member is disposed between the housing wall and the electromagnetic component, wherein the biasing component is operative to apply the force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- The braking device of claim 2 or 3, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one spring.
- The braking device of claim 4, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one compression spring.
- The braking device of claim 5, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one compression conical spring.
- The braking device of claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one leaf spring.
- The braking device of any of claims 2 to 7, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one tension spring.
- The braking device of any of claims 2 to 8, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one compressible foam member.
- The braking device of any preceding claim, wherein the retention apparatus further comprises:a motor; anda threaded shaft operably coupled to the motor for rotation thereof by the motor;wherein the threaded shaft is further threadingly coupled to the electromagnetic component such that rotation of the threaded shaft by the motor causes the electromagnetic component to move in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
- A selectively operable magnetic braking system comprising:a safety brake disposed on a machine and adapted to arrest movement of the machine when moved from a non-braking state into a braking state;a magnetic brake disposed adjacent to the machine, the magnetic brake configured to move between an engaging position and a non-engaging position, said magnetic brake, when in the engaging position contemporaneously with motion of the machine, moving to thereby move the safety brake from the non-braking state into the braking state;an electromagnetic component configured to move the magnetic brake from the engaging position to the non-engaging position upon receipt of a resetting signal; andwherein the electromagnetic component further comprises a retention apparatus configured to move the electromagnetic component in a direction parallel to an actuation axis.
- The braking device of claim 11, wherein the retention apparatus further comprises a biasing member configured to apply a force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis; and preferably:
wherein the retention apparatus further comprises a housing wall, wherein the biasing member is disposed between the housing wall and the electromagnetic component, wherein the biasing component is operative to apply the force to the electromagnetic component in the direction parallel to the actuation axis. - The braking device of claim 12, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one spring; preferably at least one compression spring; more preferably at least one compression conical spring.
- The braking device of claim 13, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one leaf spring, at least one tension spring, and/or at least one compressible foam member.
- The braking device of any of claims 11 to 14, wherein the retention apparatus further comprises:a motor; anda threaded shaft operably coupled to the motor for rotation thereof by the motor;wherein the threaded shaft is further threadingly coupled to the electromagnetic component such that rotation of the threaded shaft by the motor causes the electromagnetic component to move in the direction parallel to the actuation axis.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/947,328 US11066274B2 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2018-04-06 | Electromagnetic safety trigger |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3587328A2 true EP3587328A2 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
EP3587328A3 EP3587328A3 (en) | 2020-01-29 |
EP3587328B1 EP3587328B1 (en) | 2021-11-17 |
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EP19167273.2A Active EP3587328B1 (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2019-04-04 | Electromagnetic safety trigger |
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EP (1) | EP3587328B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110342367B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3929131A1 (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-29 | Otis Elevator Company | Electrionic actuation module for elevator safety brake system |
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US11597631B2 (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-03-07 | Otis Elevator Company | Magnet assemblies of electromechanical actuators for elevator systems having encapsulated switch |
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CN1789102B (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2010-12-08 | ä¸å›½å»ºç‘科å¦ç ”究院建ç‘æœºæ¢°åŒ–ç ”ç©¶åˆ†é™¢ | Elevator overspeed protecting device |
DE602006021240D1 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2011-05-19 | Otis Elevator Co | ELEVATOR BRAKE DEVICE |
BR112018010169B1 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2022-07-19 | Otis Elevator Company | BRAKING DEVICE, AND, MAGNETIC BRAKING AND ELEVATOR SYSTEMS |
EP3386899A1 (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2018-10-17 | Otis Elevator Company | Robust electrical safety actuation module |
-
2019
- 2019-04-04 EP EP19167273.2A patent/EP3587328B1/en active Active
- 2019-04-04 CN CN201910271150.9A patent/CN110342367B/en active Active
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3929131A1 (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-29 | Otis Elevator Company | Electrionic actuation module for elevator safety brake system |
US11724908B2 (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2023-08-15 | Otis Elevator Company | Electronic actuation module for elevator safety brake system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN110342367A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
EP3587328A3 (en) | 2020-01-29 |
CN110342367B (en) | 2021-08-31 |
EP3587328B1 (en) | 2021-11-17 |
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