EP3581743A1 - Catch arm for a door check unit, door check unit with catch arm, vehicle door with door check unit, as well as vehicle with vehicle side doors with door check unit - Google Patents
Catch arm for a door check unit, door check unit with catch arm, vehicle door with door check unit, as well as vehicle with vehicle side doors with door check unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3581743A1 EP3581743A1 EP19000288.1A EP19000288A EP3581743A1 EP 3581743 A1 EP3581743 A1 EP 3581743A1 EP 19000288 A EP19000288 A EP 19000288A EP 3581743 A1 EP3581743 A1 EP 3581743A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catch arm
- tentacle
- fiber
- fibers
- plastic material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
- E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
- E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
- E05C17/12—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod
- E05C17/20—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod sliding through a guide
- E05C17/203—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod sliding through a guide concealed, e.g. for vehicles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B15/00—Other details of locks; Parts for engagement by bolts of fastening devices
- E05B15/16—Use of special materials for parts of locks
- E05B15/1635—Use of special materials for parts of locks of plastics materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
- E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
- E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
- E05C17/12—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod
- E05C17/16—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod pivoted only at one end and having an elongated slot
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
- E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
- E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
- E05C17/12—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod
- E05C17/18—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod pivoted only at one end having a row of holes, notches, or pins
Definitions
- the invention relates to a catch arm for a door arrester unit, in particular a vehicle door, with at least one elongated body with at least one head arranged at its first end as an end stop element and at least one opening arranged at its second end for articulated pivoting relative to a bearing on which the Catch arm is mounted, a door arrester unit with at least one such catch arm, at least one latching element which is supported on the catch arm, and at least one housing, the latching element, in particular a latching rocker or a pressure element, being movably mounted in or on the housing and wherein the catch arm extends through at least part of the housing and is articulated, the catch arm being at least partially made of at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material, a vehicle door with at least one such door arrester unit and a vehicle with at least two units accordingly designed vehicle side doors.
- Door arrester units with at least one catch arm for use with a vehicle side door are known in a wide variety of designs in the prior art.
- a catch arm of such a door arrester unit in combination with a locking rocker arm or a pressure element which is supported on the catch arm, serves to enable different locking positions of the door, in particular the vehicle door.
- the catch arm which has at least one elongated body, has at one end a projecting head as an end stop element to enable an end stop when the door is opened, in particular the vehicle door.
- the tentacle also supports the closing of the door, in particular the vehicle door, which can be made possible in particular by a special shape of the tentacle.
- the elongated, that is formed with at least one elongated body catch arm can be slightly curved in one plane.
- the one or more locking elements are provided, which can be designed in particular in the form of a locking rocker or a pressure element.
- pressure and friction forces are applied in particular to two opposite sides of the catch arm.
- a tentacle experiences a main load due to tensile forces in the direction of its longitudinal extension, which occur particularly when the end stop is reached.
- tentacles should survive such stress without damage, and above such a predefinable limit load damage to the tentacle can be permitted while maintaining its basic functionality. Due to its positioning between in particular a vehicle side door and a vehicle body of a vehicle and the time of assembly, the catch arm of a door arrester unit is exposed to both high and low temperatures, moisture, dirt and corrosive media over its entire service life.
- thermoplastic material has a different coefficient of thermal expansion than steel, which at least promotes crack formation in the catch arm.
- Door arrester units with appropriately designed tentacles are for example from the DE 20 2006 020 603 U1 , of the DE 20 2011 051 957 U1 , of the DE 100 25 185 C2 , of the DE 102 51 174 B4 and the DE 100 62 274 B4 known.
- the respective tentacles have plastic-coated metal inserts or metal cores.
- the catch arm is designed as a metallic flat material blank, which is produced by punching or forging.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a catch arm for a door arrester unit, in particular a vehicle door, with at least one elongated body with at least one head arranged at its first end as an end stop element and at least one opening arranged at its second end for articulated pivoting to provide a bearing, a door arrester unit with such a catch arm, a vehicle door with at least one such door arrester unit and a vehicle with at least one such vehicle door in which the above-mentioned problems of the known catch arms do not occur, but rather a catch arm is provided with a comparatively low weight, the production of which is possible, in particular, without complex previous pretreatment measures of a stabilizing insert and, in particular, absorbing tensile forces or an internal element.
- the object is achieved for a tentacle according to the preamble of claim 1 in that the fibers of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic matrix are continuous fibers, at least one thermoplastic material is provided as the matrix material of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material and the fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material as inserts in at least one Overmolding material in the form of at least one thermoplastic prepreg are provided, fiber layers in the prepreg comprising two- or three-dimensional textile reinforcement structures in the thermoplastic plastic matrix material.
- the object is achieved in that the at least one tentacle is such a tentacle.
- the object is achieved in that at least one such door arrester unit is provided with at least one such catch arm.
- the object is achieved in that these are connectable or connected to the vehicle body via at least one such door arrester unit with at least one such catch arm.
- the catch arm for a door arrester unit and such a door arrester unit, the catch arm at least partially consisting of at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material.
- the tentacle arm can therefore not only contain a fiber-reinforced plastic material, but also several different ones. This can prove to be advantageous depending on the application. Due to the use of fiber-reinforced plastic material, the catch arm has a significantly lower weight than a catch arm of the prior art made of steel or provided with a steel insert.
- the catch arm can consist entirely of a fiber-reinforced plastic material or instead of a steel insert from a standing position the technology in its core area have at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material which is at least partially coated on the outside with a further plastic material.
- a core of the tentacle made of a fiber-reinforced plastic material is provided, which is at least partially coated on the outside with a further plastic material, compared to the combination of steel and a plastic material, there is a significantly higher material compatibility and thus a significantly simpler, in particular cohesive connection of the fiber-reinforced plastic material and the encasing plastic material of the tentacle possible, which also leads to an increase in quality of the tentacles produced in this way compared to the tentacles of the prior art.
- the machining and processing of the plastic materials is easier because they have a comparable thermal expansion.
- a prefabricated continuous fiber-reinforced insert made of organic sheet or as thermoplastic prepregs is advantageously provided, in which two- or three-dimensional textile reinforcement structures, such as fabrics, knitted fabrics, scrims, are used in a thermoplastic matrix. Instead of short fibers, a fiber matrix is therefore provided. Complete textiles can be provided in different directions.
- the fiber reinforcement is arranged in the core of the catch arm instead of a metal insert, as is provided in the prior art
- a continuous load pick-up from the first end of the catch arm to its second end can be provided by depositing the fibers in the insert in accordance with the load path.
- the fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material are advantageously oriented in the direction of the main load on the catch arm, and thus in particular in the longitudinal direction thereof.
- fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material oriented mainly in the longitudinal direction of the tentacle is particularly suitable.
- Long fibers and / or continuous fibers are preferably provided as fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material.
- Long fibers can be processed in the casting process, while continuous fibers are shaped like an insert and then overmoulded with plastic material become.
- the fibers of the respective fiber-reinforced plastic material can thus be extrusion-coated with thermoplastic material in the desired arrangement.
- the desired shape can already be set by a suitable choice of the injection mold or, in the case of thermoplastic prepregs which are not in the final shape, their shaping into the desired shape for use in or as a catch arm can be carried out.
- Both the injection molding process and the forming process enable process stability in the manufacture of the tentacles and also short cycle times, in particular in comparison to the pretreatments of the steel inserts required in the known tentacles to enable a stable connection with the plastic material used for molding.
- thermoplastic material or forming not only enables large-scale production processes, but also reduces the manufacturing costs of the tentacles, also due to the possibility of using standard plastic materials instead of specially equipped plastic materials, which are used, for example, for a particularly good connection with steel inserts in the tentacles of the prior art may be required.
- the encapsulation with thermoplastic material proves to be very advantageous for the production of sliding surfaces which form the underside and the top of the elongated tentacle between the tentacle head at the first end of the tentacle arm and its second end provided with an opening, over which the tentacle arm is rotatably mounted on a bearing element.
- a latching cam of a latching member can slide along the elongated sliding arm body sliding surfaces and engage in latching grooves in order to lock a vehicle door in different latching positions.
- a thermoplastic material instead of a thermoplastic material, a thermosetting material can also be used, but this is considerably more expensive and therefore less economical. Fibers are preferably not provided on the sliding surfaces, since fibers can injure the sliding surfaces.
- the fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material can in particular be glass fibers. It is also possible to use other fibers instead of or in addition to glass fibers, depending on the application, such as carbon fibers, é-aramid fibers etc. It is also possible to use high-performance plastics or thermosets as a matrix material in combination with the fibers to form the instead of a standard plastic to use fiber-reinforced plastic material. It is also possible to form the tentacle by pressing glass mat reinforced thermoplastics (GMT). Not only can individual fibers in the desired shape be embedded in the plastic material, but fiber mat-reinforced plastics can also be used to form at least parts of a catch arm of a door arrester unit, in particular for a vehicle door of a vehicle.
- GTT glass mat reinforced thermoplastics
- the fibers can thus be extrusion-coated with the desired plastic material directly in the injection molding process and thus completely or at least partially embedded in it, pressed in mat form with at least one thermoplastic material, as quasi-unidirectional textiles or fabrics, such as knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, scrims etc., or in the form of rovings in a multi-layer composite with thermoplastic material to be processed into prepregs.
- the two- or three-dimensional textile reinforcement structures can be fiber layers in the prepreg. Fiber layers in the prepreg can comprise, for example, rovings that are spread out or such flat structures, such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, scrims, as multidimensional textile structures, ie two- or three-dimensional textile structures.
- a load path-appropriate fiber placement and a prefabrication of textile fabrics close to the final shape are possible, i.e. fabrics that come close to the desired final contour of the tentacle.
- the load paths when loading the tentacle can be different.
- the fibers along the longitudinal extension of the tentacle can also have a different orientation that is adapted to the load path.
- the fiber orientation within the respective load arm also depends on its external shape dependent, which in turn is dependent on the respective vehicle in which the catch arm or the door arrester unit is used with at least one catch arm. Accordingly, the fiber orientation can also be optimally adapted to this. This makes the tentacle highly resilient and its high rigidity ensures reliable operation.
- an additional fiber orientation is advantageously provided, in addition to that provided in the area of the elongated tentacle body, or at least a different fiber orientation than in the area of the elongated tentacle body. Since load introduction and special stress due to tensile forces occur precisely in the area of the tentacle head, it proves to be advantageous to precisely this area or the area of the transition to the tentacle body by differently oriented fibers and / or at least at an angle to the in Longitudinal direction of the tentacle body oriented fibers to reinforce standing fibers.
- the fibers can, for example, be arranged one above the other in several layers and can be oriented differently, whereby this can also be provided only in sections or locally along the longitudinal extension of the tentacle in the region of the tentacle head, the transition point to the tentacle body and along this.
- the catch arm head can in particular be formed from at least one fiber composite insert by rotating it by an angle of rotation, in particular an angle of rotation of 90 °, and / or fanning out and connecting a fiber composite insert to further layers of material. Since the tentacle head or end stop is then formed directly in one piece by the reinforcing structure being widened, additionally reinforced and / or twisted in this area, sources of interference can be reduced and the manufacturing process can be significantly simplified. For the formation of the tentacle head by rotating the at least one fiber composite insert by in particular an angle of rotation of 90 °, a very stable tentacle head and, accordingly, tentacle can be formed in a simple manner.
- the catch arm head can be formed by fanning out the fiber composite insert, which otherwise extends elongated to form the catch arm body.
- additional fiber composite layers or material layers can be arranged on and / or under the fiber composite insert fanned out in this way.
- the tentacle head can be additionally reinforced by the provision of additional fiber composite layers or material layers. It is also possible to form the tentacle head without twisting from at least one fiber composite starter by shaping or cutting it accordingly. Additionally or alternatively, the tentacle head can also be formed by at least one metal element, in particular at least one plate-shaped and / or pin-shaped metal element.
- the in particular plate-shaped and / or pin-shaped metal element can also be or be connected to at least one organic sheet, the organic sheet forming the tentacle body and the metal element the tentacle head.
- the metal element can also be or be connected to at least one organic sheet, the organic sheet forming the tentacle body and the metal element the tentacle head.
- the organic sheet or fiber sliver can advantageously be provided as at least one closed circulating sliver.
- a steel element can, for example, be provided as the metal element, in particular plate-shaped and / or pin-shaped metal element.
- the fibers can also be arranged in the form of a textile, that is to say a woven, non-woven or knitted fabric, and in particular can be connected to the metal element by looping.
- a metal element an element made of another stable material, such as a plastic element, can also be used.
- an organic sheet is understood to mean a fiber composite material or fiber composite material which, as a fiber matrix semi-finished product, consists of a fiber fabric or fiber fabric, which is embedded in a thermoplastic plastic matrix.
- a thermoplastic plastic matrix By providing a thermoplastic plastic matrix, the semi-finished fiber matrix products can be hot-formed, which leads to shorter process times compared to conventional thermosetting fiber composite materials.
- Glass fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers and other fibers come into consideration as fiber materials.
- the mechanical properties of an organic sheet, such as rigidity, strength and Thermal expansion are also determined by the arrangement of the fibers, in particular in the form of a fabric and / or scrim, in which the fibers are arranged at an angle to one another, in particular at right angles to one another.
- the mechanical properties can be better predetermined than in the case of a steel insert in a catch arm, for example, and can be optimally matched to the respective application.
- the tensile and compressive behavior of organic sheets as well as their mechanical and thermal properties are not isotropic, i.e. they are independent of direction with regard to the spatial structure.
- the opening at the second end of the catch arm for receiving a bearing pin or pivot pin for pivoting the catch arm relative to a bearing in the vehicle body can be provided with at least one sleeve with or from at least one stable material, in particular at least one metal sleeve, and / or at least one bushing, for example one bushing made of fibers, be provided for reinforcement.
- the opening can be made by drilling or by means of a warm mandrel.
- the opening can also be embroidered and / or provided with fibers around the opening.
- the fibers can be wrapped around the opening or evasive of it, ie leading away from it or facing away from it.
- Adequate stability should be provided precisely in the area of the opening at the second end of the catch arm, which serves for the articulated, pivotable mounting of the catch arm on a bearing bush or a bearing pin which is arranged in the vehicle body. Therefore, this can be provided by additionally providing a sleeve or socket which is inserted into the opening and accordingly leads to a reinforced opening, the sleeve or socket not only made of metal or another stable material, but also of fibers or fiber-reinforced plastic can be made. Embroidery to reinforce the opening can also be provided with fiber material that creates a correspondingly high rigidity or strength and dimensional stability for the opening. Folding the opening with fibers leads to a corresponding reinforcing effect.
- a reinforcement or reinforcement of any kind is provided, tearing or creeping of a crack can be prevented, as can occur with an unreinforced hole or opening.
- the fibers can be placed around the opening in accordance with the load path, thus creating a reinforcement.
- the hole or opening By introducing the hole or opening by means of a warm mandrel, fiber interruptions in the area of the opening can be prevented.
- This also applies to embroidery or other sewing or wrapping the opening or bore with fibers.
- Such a reinforcement layer can be arranged not only all around in the area of the opening at the second end of the tentacle, but also along the entire longitudinal extent of the tentacle up to and around the tentacle head or in its entire area.
- the at least one reinforcement layer can be designed, for example, in the form of a closed band, ring, wrap, bushing, if necessary in combination with a metal part or other reinforcement part in the tentacle head.
- the circumferential fiber ring on the catch arm head can be deflected via a pin-shaped element and at the opposite second end of the catch arm via an element arranged there in the form of a sleeve or bushing which comprises the opening for receiving a bearing pin.
- the area at the second end of the catch arm, which is provided with the through-opening or opening can be made thickened with the provision of a multi-axis reinforced fiber composite material.
- the tentacle entirely from organic sheet, thus at least partially fiber-reinforced plastic material.
- the method step of overmolding an insert of the catch arm made of fiber-reinforced plastic material can be avoided, since the catch arm made of such an organic sheet in the desired shape can be cut and / or shaped. This can predeterminably have the application-specifically optimized fiber orientation.
- At least one plastic material in particular at least one thermoplastic plastic material, into which fibers are embedded or integrated or overmolded by this, serves as matrix material.
- Long fibers can be provided in the insert or short fibers in the encapsulation material be and / or fiber mats pressed together with plastic to form the fiber-reinforced plastic material.
- Endless fiber reinforcement is advantageously provided using textiles and fiber tapes as reinforcement structures.
- Three-dimensional composite structures such as woven or knitted fabrics or scrims as textile reinforcement structures, can be used, which are preferably prefabricated from organic sheets and enable continuous force absorption.
- the design of the textile reinforcement structure is therefore suitable for the load path.
- the fibers are placed in the insert in accordance with the load path, in particular looping, locally reinforced or looping around a metal element.
- the catch arm can absorb very high tensile forces and also lateral forces and bending moments, which are made possible by the use of multi-axis textiles as a reinforcement structure.
- the use of textile manufacturing processes makes it possible to provide three-dimensional reinforcing structures which enable the end stop, which is formed by the tentacle head, to be directly molded on or received.
- At least one organic sheet can be provided as a fiber composite material or fibers in the form of a textile wrapping around a metal element, in particular a circumferential sliver wrapping around a metal pin to form the tentacle head.
- a closed, continuous sliver no additional forming is necessary, since only the ends of the sliver are connected to form a closed ring.
- a pin-shaped metal element can be used as a tentacle head in the closed ring.
- no metal insert is used for the tentacle.
- the catch arm head can be molded in one piece as an end stop in the fiber composite by twisting or additional layers.
- the outlay for production and the production costs are reduced in comparison with the solutions of the prior art. Differences in elongation caused by temperature, which are caused by the different materials in the solutions of the prior art, can also be avoided become. Rather, similar materials are used in the present case, which leads to a comparable or similar thermal expansion and to the possibility of a material connection.
- FIG 11 shows, by way of example, a door stay unit 100, comprising a catch arm 1 which is received in a housing 101 of the door stay unit 100 or extends transversely therethrough.
- a door stay unit 100 comprising a catch arm 1 which is received in a housing 101 of the door stay unit 100 or extends transversely therethrough.
- two latching rockers 102 Arranged within the housing 101 are two latching rockers 102, which are located on two opposite sides, namely an upper side 10 and one Support underside 11 of catch arm 1.
- the latching rockers 102 are supported on the top and bottom sides 10, 11 of the catch arm 1 by applying a compressive force which is applied by a spring 103 of the latching rocker 102.
- at least one pressure element can also be provided for exerting the pressure force.
- the door arrester unit 100 shown is only used to basically illustrate the components of such a door arrester unit 100 and their attachment to a vehicle body on the one hand and a vehicle door on the other.
- the housing 101 of the door arrester unit 100 is fastened to a vehicle door (in Figure 11 not seen).
- the catch arm 1 has at its first end 12 a protruding, massive catch arm head 13 as an end stop element for the vehicle door and at its opposite second end 14 an in Figure 11 opening or through opening not recognizable, but in the Figures 6 to 10c , through which a hinge pin 104 extends to enable articulated pivoting relative to a bearing 105 which is connected to a vehicle body (in Figure 11 Not shown).
- the tentacle with an elongated or elongated tentacle body 16 extends between the tentacle head 13 at the first end 12 of the tentacle 1 and the second end 14 with the opening Figure 11
- the latching rockers 102 which are biased within the housing 101 by the compression spring 103 relative to the catch arm 1, can latch into the latching grooves 17.
- the housing 101 connected to the vehicle door is simultaneously displaced relative to the catch arm 1 until the maximum opening angle of the vehicle door relative to the vehicle body is reached.
- the catch arm head 13 rests on the outside of the housing 101 and thus prevents the housing 101 from being displaced further relative to the catch arm 1.
- the housing 101 is provided on the outside with two damping bodies 107, against which the tentacle head 13 strikes damped.
- the catch arm 1 is formed from or has fiber-reinforced plastic material.
- an insert 30 made of fiber-reinforced plastic material can be surrounded by or embedded in further plastic material 31, as in FIG Figure 11 indicated.
- Figure 1a shows an embodiment variant of the tentacle 1 in the area of the tentacle head 13, which has fibers 18 embedded in thermoplastic material, which extend unidirectionally in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the tentacle 1.
- the catch arm 1 is formed from an insert 30 made of fiber-reinforced plastic material formed with such unidirectionally oriented fibers.
- the tentacle head 13 is offset from the tentacle body 16 by twisting by an angle of, for example, approximately 90 °. By locally heating the insert made of fiber-reinforced plastic material to form the tentacle 1, the latter can be brought into the desired shape in an energy-saving and material-saving manner, that is to say in particular the section forming the tentacle head 13 can be twisted relative to the tentacle body 16.
- the fibers 18 are fanned out in the region of the tentacle head 13 in order to be arranged in accordance with the load path. This means that, in adaptation to the forces acting on the tentacle head 13, a respective reinforcement is carried out by the fibers 18 fanned out there.
- a plurality of fanned out layers of fibers 18 and, in addition to these, further cover layers 21 with fibers 20 can be applied one above the other in the region of the tentacle head 13.
- These further cover layers 21 can also be formed without additional fibers 20, for example only as layers made of plastic material.
- the tentacle head 13 can also be formed by providing at least one metal element 22, wherein the metal element 22 can be strip-shaped and / or, for example, T-shaped or also pin-shaped.
- the metal element 22 extends transversely to a sliver 23 and is wrapped by it.
- the angle between the section of the metal element 22 projecting from the sliver 23 and the sliver 23 can be, for example, approximately 90 °.
- the metal element 22 is received within a loop 24 of the sliver.
- the fiber band 23 can be, for example, a so-called organic sheet as a fiber-reinforced plastic band.
- the sliver 23 in the area of the loop 24 is rotated by an angle of approximately 90 ° with respect to this and the orientation of the metal element 22. This supports the hold of the metal element 22 in the loop 24 of the sliver 23.
- the housing 101 of the door arrester unit 100 can be designed accordingly in order to prevent the catch arm head 13 from slipping undesirably through the housing in the region of the latching arms 102.
- the respective orientation and arrangement of the fibers 18, 19 in the tentacle head 13 or tentacle body 16 can also be changed if the tentacle head is not rotated relative to the tentacle body according to the design variants Figure 1a to 2 designed become.
- the fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material which is provided as an insert of the catch arm or of which the catch arm is made up entirely, can also be adapted accordingly at interfaces to other components or load introduction points by load path-oriented arrangement of the fibers or fiber layers of the fiber-reinforced one Reinforcing the tentacle with plastic material.
- Such an adaptation can take place over the entire longitudinal extension of the tentacle, not only on the tentacle head 13, but also along the entire tentacle body 16 and in particular also at the transition from the tentacle head 13 to the tentacle body 16. It is also possible to provide fiber reinforcements only at the points along the extension of the catch arm 1 at which there can be special loads due to the meeting of different materials.
- the fibers 18, 19, 20 of the fiber-reinforced plastic material which is arranged along or forms the catch arm 1 can be arranged not only on the surface of the catch arm 1, but also inside the body and head thereof. If the fibers are arranged on the surface of the catch arm, for example in the form of glass fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers, etc., in order to avoid wear on the respective detent rocker 102 or its detent cams 106, it may be expedient to form it from a sufficiently resistant material.
- the in Figure 3 The tentacle 1 shown has no torsion from the tentacle head 13 to the tentacle body 16, and is therefore of uniform flat design.
- the catch arm 1 can be formed entirely from organic sheet which is cut and shaped accordingly and which has a fiber orientation of the fibers in the fiber-reinforced plastic material which is adapted to the respective application.
- a circumferential additional reinforcement by fibers 25 can be provided both along the tentacle body 16 and the tentacle head 13.
- a circumferential reinforcement layer with such fibers 25 is indicated.
- embodiment variant of the catch arm 1 has the insert 30 made of fiber-reinforced Plastic material that is similar to the design variant Figure 4 is formed with an all-round sheathing made of plastic material 31, which here has, for example, a stepped shape for forming the tentacle head 13.
- the tentacle head 13 after Figure 5a consists of a correspondingly shaped plastic material 31, which is provided on the outside and / or inside with the fibers 25.
- the catch arm 1 in the region of its second end 14, which is provided with the opening or through opening 15 for engaging the hinge pin 104 and thus articulated or pivotable bearings of the catch arm 1 on the bearing 105.
- the through hole 15 is drilled in the second end 14 of the tentacle 1 or tentacle body 16. It can also be formed by puncturing with a warm mandrel, so that there are no fiber interruptions in the area of the opening 15, as is the case when the opening 15 is drilled Figure 6 he follows. As can be seen, the fibers 18 are broken through in the area of the opening 15.
- Puncturing with a warm dome leads to one of the in Figure 8a Design shown without fiber interruption similar design.
- the shape of the opening In order to reinforce the opening 15 and thus prevent it from being torn out, the shape of the opening must be followed Figure 7 a socket 26 inserted there.
- the bushing 26 can consist of metal and / or fibers. The provision of such a bushing 26 can prevent tearing out and creeping of an already existing crack.
- the opening 15 can also be strengthened by laying down the fibers in accordance with the load path by appropriately surrounding the opening 15, as is shown in FIGS Figures 8a and 8b is shown.
- the fibers 18 run around the opening 15 and end at the outer end of the second end 14 of the tentacle body 16 again in the longitudinal direction with respect to the tentacle body 16, while the fibers 18 follow in the embodiment Figure 8b surround the opening 15 and are returned in the direction of the tentacle head 13.
- FIG. 9 Another way to reinforce the opening 15 is in Figure 9 shown.
- the opening is embroidered with fibers 28, which results in a circumferential reinforcement of the opening 15.
- embroidering 27 of the opening 15 can take place in any different shape, for example as a star-shaped arrangement of the fibers, as in FIG Figure 9 shown.
- Figure 10a shows a reinforcing layer with fibers 29 running around it or its end 14 in the height direction of the tentacle body 16.
- a reinforcing layer with fibers 29 can also extend as far as or around the tentacle head 13, similar to that in FIGS Figures 5a and 5b indicated.
- the arrangement of the fibers 29 can take place on the top and / or bottom 10, 11 of the catch arm 1, likewise, for example, offset by an angle of 90 ° to the sides of the catch arm 1.
- a multidirectional fiber arrangement is provided on the top 10 of the catch arm 1 in the region of the second end 14 thereof around the opening 15, fibers 18 being arranged in the longitudinal direction and fibers 19 transversely to these.
- Such a multidirectional fiber arrangement for thickening the bearing point for the hinge pin 104 and the bearing 105 for pivotably mounting the catch arm 1 is thus created by a multi-axis reinforced fiber composite material.
- Figure 10c is a combination of the variants Figure 10a and 10b shown, with even more of the above to the Figures 6 to 9 or 1a to 8b described variants of fiber layers and fibers can be provided there for reinforcing in particular the opening 15.
- a further embodiment variant of the catch arm 1 is shown, in which a reinforcement of the entire catch arm 1 in the longitudinal direction thereof is shown by means of a circumferential, closed, elongated reinforcement ring 32.
- the reinforcement ring 32 can be made, for example.
- Organobtech exist or be designed as a thermoplastic prepreg, in particular from continuous fibers that are embedded in a plastic matrix.
- the circumferential closed reinforcement ring 32 is deflected at both ends of the catch arm 1, a deflection around a pin-shaped element 33, for example a metal pin or a plastic pin or the like, being provided at the first end 12 within the catch arm head 13, while the reinforcement ring 32 is provided at the second end 14 around the opening 15, which is surrounded by a bush 34, is deflected.
- the bushing 34 can be designed, for example, as a metal bushing, plastic bushing, bushing made of fiber-reinforced plastic material, etc. It is also possible to deflect the reinforcing ring 32 around the opening 15 even without providing such an additional bushing 34 and to embed it there accordingly in plastic material.
- the plastic material 31 is applied on all sides around the reinforcing ring 32 by overmolding, so that the Figures 12 to 14 Shown shape results, which can be designed application-specific for each catch arm 1.
- Reinforcing fibers for example short fibers, can additionally be introduced into the plastic material 31, in order to be able to additionally reinforce it, in particular in a targeted manner only partially. It is also possible to dispose the plastic material 31 around the reinforcing ring 32 without additional fiber reinforcement.
- the reinforcing ring 32 produced from continuous fibers or at least one fiber sliver is approximately perpendicular to the orientation of the inserts 30, as shown, for example, in FIGS Figures 1a . 5b and 11 are shown.
- a sliver such as sliver 23 or reinforcing ring 32, can thus be arranged on the inside and / or outside on or along the catch arm 1.
- additional inserts made of reinforcement material in particular fiber-reinforced plastic material such as organic sheet, may not be required and can therefore be omitted.
- Short fibers can be used as fibers for forming the insert or the fiber-reinforced plastic material, in particular in the area of Fiber reinforcements extending in the longitudinal direction of the tentacle.
- Long fibers are not oriented in an endless and less defined manner than is possible with continuous fibers, the fiber orientation being able to be influenced by appropriate setting of the parameters in the injection molding process for the encapsulation of the fibers with plastic material or embedding in a plastic matrix. Regardless of their respective design and orientation, the fibers can only be arranged in one layer, but also in multiple layers in the tentacle.
- the fibers are embedded in a suitable plastic material, which is in particular a thermoplastic material, but can also be a high-performance plastic, as well as a thermoset as matrix material, and the plastic material is brought into the appropriate shape.
- a suitable plastic material which is in particular a thermoplastic material, but can also be a high-performance plastic, as well as a thermoset as matrix material, and the plastic material is brought into the appropriate shape.
- an additional encapsulation with another plastic material, in which no fibers are embedded can be provided in order to form the desired shape of the catch arm 1.
- the catch arm can also be formed as a fully formed thermoplastic prepreg, in particular by a correspondingly formed organic sheet.
- such a prepreg can be designed as an insert and overmolded with plastic material.
- the fiber layers consist, for example, of rovings or flat structures such as woven fabrics, scrims or braids.
- a wide variety of design variants are thus possible for forming and in particular locally reinforcing the catch arm by means of fiber-reinforced plastic material.
- tentacles for a door arrester unit for a door arrester unit
- numerous others can be formed, in particular also any combination of the features mentioned above, in which at least one elongated tent arm body with at least one body arranged at its first end Catch arm head are provided as an end stop element and at least one opening arranged at its second end for articulated pivoting relative to a bearing, the catch arm consisting at least partially of at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material.
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- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Bei einem Fangarm (1) für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit (100), insbesondere einer Fahrzeugtür, mit zumindest einem länglichen Körper (16) mit zumindest einem an dessen ersten Ende (14) angeordneten Fangarm-Kopf (16) als Endanschlagselement und zumindest einer an dessen zweiten Ende (14) angeordneten Öffnung (15) zum gelenkigen Verschwenken gegenüber einem Lager (105), an dem der Fangarm (1) gelagert ist, ist der Fangarm (1) zumindest teilweise aus zumindest einem faserverstärkten (18,19,20,25,28,29) Kunststoffmaterial ausgebildet.In a catch arm (1) for a door arrester unit (100), in particular a vehicle door, with at least one elongate body (16) with at least one catch arm head (16) arranged at its first end (14) as an end stop element and at least one The second end (14) of the opening (15) for articulated pivoting relative to a bearing (105) on which the catch arm (1) is mounted, the catch arm (1) is at least partially made of at least one fiber-reinforced (18, 19, 20, 25,28,29) plastic material.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fangarm für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit, insbesondere einer Fahrzeugtür, mit zumindest einem länglichen Körper mit zumindest einem an dessen ersten Ende angeordneten Kopf als Endanschlagselement und zumindest einer an dessen zweiten Ende angeordneten Öffnung zum gelenkigen Verschwenken gegenüber einem Lager, an dem der Fangarm gelagert ist, eine Türfeststeller-Einheit mit zumindest einem solchen Fangarm, zumindest einem Rastelement, das sich auf dem Fangarm abstützt, und zumindest einem Gehäuse, wobei das Rastelement, insbesondere eine Rastschwinge oder ein Druckelement, in oder an dem Gehäuse beweglich gelagert ist und wobei der Fangarm sich durch zumindest einen Teil des Gehäuses hindurch erstreckt und gelenkig gelagert ist, wobei der Fangarm zumindest teilweise aus zumindest einem faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterial ausgebildet ist, eine Fahrzeugtür mit zumindest einer solchen Türfeststeller-Einheit sowie ein Fahrzeug mit zumindest zwei entsprechend ausgestalteten Fahrzeugseitentüren.The invention relates to a catch arm for a door arrester unit, in particular a vehicle door, with at least one elongated body with at least one head arranged at its first end as an end stop element and at least one opening arranged at its second end for articulated pivoting relative to a bearing on which the Catch arm is mounted, a door arrester unit with at least one such catch arm, at least one latching element which is supported on the catch arm, and at least one housing, the latching element, in particular a latching rocker or a pressure element, being movably mounted in or on the housing and wherein the catch arm extends through at least part of the housing and is articulated, the catch arm being at least partially made of at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material, a vehicle door with at least one such door arrester unit and a vehicle with at least two units accordingly designed vehicle side doors.
Türfeststeller-Einheiten mit zumindest einem Fangarm zur Verwendung mit einer Fahrzeugseitentür sind in unterschiedlichsten Ausführungsvarianten im Stand der Technik bekannt. Ein Fangarm einer solchen Türfeststeller-Einheit dient in Kombination mit einer Rastschwinge oder einem Druckelement, die/das sich auf dem Fangarm abstützt, dazu, verschiedene Rastpositionen der Tür, insbesondere Fahrzeugtür, zu ermöglichen. Zu diesem Zweck weist der Fangarm, der zumindest einen länglichen Körper aufweist, an seinem einen Ende einen auskragenden Kopf als Endanschlagselement zum Ermöglichen eines Endanschlags beim Öffnen der Tür, insbesondere Fahrzeugtür, auf. Ferner unterstützt der Fangarm auch das Schließen der Tür, insbesondere Fahrzeugtür, wobei dies insbesondere durch eine besondere Formgebung des Fangarms ermöglicht werden kann. Der langgestreckte, also mit zumindest einem länglichen Körper, ausgebildete Fangarm kann dabei in einer Ebene leicht gebogen ausgebildet sein. Um beim Öffnen und Schließen der Tür, insbesondere Fahrzeugtür, ein zumindest vorübergehendes Arretieren der Tür in unterschiedlichen Positionen zu ermöglichen, sind das oder die Rastelemente, die insbesondere in Form einer Rastschwinge oder eines Druckelementes ausgebildet sein können, vorgesehen. Bei der Bewegung aus einer jeweiligen Rastposition entlang des Fangarms heraus werden insbesondere auf zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Fangarms Druck- und Reibkräfte aufgebracht. Eine Hauptbelastung erfährt ein Fangarm jedoch durch Zugkräfte in Richtung seiner Längserstreckung, die insbesondere beim Erreichen des Endanschlags auftreten. Diese sind am größten vor allem bei einem übermäßigen Drücken gegen eine geöffnete Tür, beim Auffallen einer Tür, wie einer Fahrzeugseitentür, bei Schräglage eines Fahrzeugs beispielsweise bei dessen Abstellen auf einer längs- und/oder quergeneigten Fahrbahn, oder auch bei Auftreten von Windstößen, die an einer geöffneten Tür, insbesondere Fahrzeugtür, angreifen. Bis zu einer vorgebbaren Grenzbelastung sollten Fangarme eine solche Beanspruchung unbeschadet überstehen, wobei oberhalb einer solchen vorgebbaren Grenzbelastung Beschädigungen am Fangarm bei Aufrechterhalten von dessen grundsätzlicher Funktionalität zugelassen werden können. Aufgrund seiner Positionierung zwischen insbesondere einer Fahrzeugseitentür und einer Fahrzeugkarosserie eines Fahrzeugs und des Zeitpunkts der Montage ist der Fangarm einer Türfeststeller-Einheit über seine gesamte Lebensdauer hinweg sowohl hohen als auch niedrigen Temperaturen, Feuchtigkeit, Schmutz und korrosiven Medien ausgesetzt.Door arrester units with at least one catch arm for use with a vehicle side door are known in a wide variety of designs in the prior art. A catch arm of such a door arrester unit, in combination with a locking rocker arm or a pressure element which is supported on the catch arm, serves to enable different locking positions of the door, in particular the vehicle door. For this purpose, the catch arm, which has at least one elongated body, has at one end a projecting head as an end stop element to enable an end stop when the door is opened, in particular the vehicle door. Furthermore, the tentacle also supports the closing of the door, in particular the vehicle door, which can be made possible in particular by a special shape of the tentacle. The elongated, that is formed with at least one elongated body catch arm can be slightly curved in one plane. To at least temporarily lock the door in when opening and closing the door, in particular the vehicle door To allow different positions, the one or more locking elements are provided, which can be designed in particular in the form of a locking rocker or a pressure element. When moving out of a respective latching position along the catch arm, pressure and friction forces are applied in particular to two opposite sides of the catch arm. However, a tentacle experiences a main load due to tensile forces in the direction of its longitudinal extension, which occur particularly when the end stop is reached. These are greatest especially when there is excessive pressure against an open door, when a door, such as a vehicle side door, is noticeable, when the vehicle is tilted, for example when it is parked on a longitudinally and / or transversely inclined roadway, or when wind gusts occur attack on an open door, especially the vehicle door. Up to a predefinable limit load, tentacles should survive such stress without damage, and above such a predefinable limit load damage to the tentacle can be permitted while maintaining its basic functionality. Due to its positioning between in particular a vehicle side door and a vehicle body of a vehicle and the time of assembly, the catch arm of a door arrester unit is exposed to both high and low temperatures, moisture, dirt and corrosive media over its entire service life.
Dementsprechend ist es ferner bekannt, einen Fangarm entweder vollständig aus Stahl oder aus einem unverstärkten Thermoplastmaterial mit einem Stahleinleger auszubilden. Die Verwendung von Stahl ermöglicht das Übertragen hoher Kräfte, führt allerdings zu einem relativ hohen Gewicht. Bei der Ausbildung eines Fangarms aus dem Stand der Technik aus einem Stahleinleger, der von einem unverstärkten thermoplastischen Kunststoffmaterial ummantelt ist, tritt ferner das Problem auf, dass das thermoplastische Kunststoffmaterial einen anderen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweist als Stahl, was eine Rissbildung im Fangarm zumindest begünstigt. Zudem ist es erforderlich, die Oberflächen des Stahleinlegers vorzubehandeln, um eine gute Haftung des thermoplastischen Kunststoffmaterials auf der Oberfläche des Stahleinlegers zu erzielen. Türfeststeller-Einheiten mit entsprechend ausgestalteten Fangarmen sind beispielsweise aus der
Aufgrund des verhältnismäßig hohen Gewichts eines Metall- bzw. Stahleinlegers, der zum Ausbilden als Fangarm mit Kunststoff ummantelt wird, und aufgrund des zusätzlichen Aufwands zur Vorbehandlung der Oberflächen des Metall- bzw. Stahleinlegers zum Ermöglichen einer guten Haftung von diesen an dem ummantelnden Kunststoffmaterial wäre es wünschenswert, hier eine andere Lösung vorzusehen, die einerseits ein geringeres Gewicht aufweist und bei der andererseits auch ein geringerer Aufwand bei der Herstellung, insbesondere durch Weglassen eines Vorbehandlungsschritts, ermöglicht wird.Because of the relatively high weight of a metal or steel insert, which is encased in plastic to form a catch arm, and because of the additional effort for pretreating the surfaces of the metal or steel insert to enable good adhesion of these to the encapsulating plastic material, it would be it is desirable to provide a different solution here which, on the one hand, has a lower weight and, on the other hand, also enables less effort in production, in particular by omitting a pretreatment step.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Fangarm für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit, insbesondere einer Fahrzeugtür, mit zumindest einem länglichen Körper mit zumindest einem an dessen ersten Ende angeordneten Kopf als Endanschlagselement und zumindest einer an dessen zweiten Ende angeordneten Öffnung zum gelenkigen Verschwenken gegenüber einem Lager, eine Türfeststeller-Einheit mit einem solchen Fangarm, eine Fahrzeugtür mit zumindest einer solchen Türfeststeller-Einheit sowie ein Fahrzeug mit zumindest einer solchen Fahrzeugtür vorzusehen, bei dem bzw. der die vorstehend genannten Probleme der bekannten Fangarme nicht auftreten, sondern vielmehr ein Fangarm mit einem vergleichsweise geringen Gewicht vorgesehen wird, dessen Herstellung insbesondere ohne aufwendige vorherige Vorbehandlungsmaßnahmen eines stabilisierenden und insbesondere Zugkräfte aufnehmenden Einlegers oder innenliegenden Elements möglich ist.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a catch arm for a door arrester unit, in particular a vehicle door, with at least one elongated body with at least one head arranged at its first end as an end stop element and at least one opening arranged at its second end for articulated pivoting to provide a bearing, a door arrester unit with such a catch arm, a vehicle door with at least one such door arrester unit and a vehicle with at least one such vehicle door in which the above-mentioned problems of the known catch arms do not occur, but rather a catch arm is provided with a comparatively low weight, the production of which is possible, in particular, without complex previous pretreatment measures of a stabilizing insert and, in particular, absorbing tensile forces or an internal element.
Die Aufgabe wird für einen Fangarm nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass die Fasern der zumindest einen faserverstärkten Kunststoffmatrix Endlosfasern sind, zumindest ein thermoplastisches Kunststoffmaterial als Matrixmaterial des zumindest einen faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials vorgesehen ist und die Fasern des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials als Einleger in zumindest einem Umspritzungsmaterial in Form zumindest eines thermoplastischen Prepregs vorgesehen sind, wobei Faserlagen im Prepreg zwei- oder dreidimensionale textile Verstärkungsstrukturen in dem thermoplastischen Kunststoff-Matrixmaterial umfassen. Für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 13 wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass der zumindest eine Fangarm ein solcher Fangarm ist. Für eine Fahrzeugtür wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass zumindest eine solche Türfeststeller-Einheit mit zumindest einem solchen Fangarm vorgesehen ist. Für ein Fahrzeug mit einer Fahrzeugkarosserie und zumindest zwei Fahrzeugseitentüren wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass diese über jeweils zumindest eine solche Türfeststeller-Einheit mit zumindest einem solchen Fangarm mit der Fahrzeugkarosserie verbindbar oder verbunden sind. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert.The object is achieved for a tentacle according to the preamble of
Dadurch werden ein Fangarm für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit sowie eine solche Türfeststeller-Einheit geschaffen, wobei der Fangarm zumindest teilweise aus zumindest einem faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterial besteht. Der Fangarm kann somit nicht nur ein faserverstärktes Kunststoffmaterial enthalten, sondern auch mehrere unterschiedliche. Dies kann sich anwendungsspezifisch als vorteilhaft erweisen. Durch die Verwendung von faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial weist der Fangarm ein deutlich geringeres Gewicht als ein aus Stahl hergestellter bzw. mit einer Stahleinlage versehener Fangarm des Standes der Technik auf. Durch das Vorsehen eines faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials kann dieses besonders gut auf eine an dem Fangarm angreifende Zugkraft angepasst werden, um insbesondere in Längsrichtung des Fangarms den im Betrieb auf diesen einwirkenden Zugkräften einen ausreichenden Widerstand entgegensetzen zu können. Der Fangarm kann dabei vollständig aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterial bestehen oder anstelle eines Stahleinlegers aus dem Stand der Technik in seinem Kernbereich zumindest ein faserverstärktes Kunststoffmaterial aufweisen, das mit einem weiteren Kunststoffmaterial außenseitig zumindest teilweise ummantelt ist. Gerade bei einem Vorsehen eines Kerns des Fangarms aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterial, der außenseitig zumindest teilweise mit einem weiteren Kunststoffmaterial ummantelt ist, ist gegenüber der Kombination aus Stahl und einem Kunststoffmaterial eine deutlich höhere Werkstoffkompatibilität und somit eine deutlich einfachere insbesondere stoffschlüssige Verbindung des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials und des ummantelnden Kunststoffmaterials des Fangarms möglich, was auch zu einer Qualitätssteigerung der auf diese Art und Weise hergestellten Fangarme gegenüber den Fangarmen des Standes der Technik führt. Ferner sind das Be- und Verarbeiten der Kunststoffmaterialien einfacher, da sie eine vergleichbare thermische Ausdehnung aufweisen.This creates a catch arm for a door arrester unit and such a door arrester unit, the catch arm at least partially consisting of at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material. The tentacle arm can therefore not only contain a fiber-reinforced plastic material, but also several different ones. This can prove to be advantageous depending on the application. Due to the use of fiber-reinforced plastic material, the catch arm has a significantly lower weight than a catch arm of the prior art made of steel or provided with a steel insert. By providing a fiber-reinforced plastic material, this can be adapted particularly well to a tensile force acting on the tentacle, in order to be able to provide sufficient resistance, particularly in the longitudinal direction of the tentacle, to the tensile forces acting on it during operation. The catch arm can consist entirely of a fiber-reinforced plastic material or instead of a steel insert from a standing position the technology in its core area have at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material which is at least partially coated on the outside with a further plastic material. Especially when a core of the tentacle made of a fiber-reinforced plastic material is provided, which is at least partially coated on the outside with a further plastic material, compared to the combination of steel and a plastic material, there is a significantly higher material compatibility and thus a significantly simpler, in particular cohesive connection of the fiber-reinforced plastic material and the encasing plastic material of the tentacle possible, which also leads to an increase in quality of the tentacles produced in this way compared to the tentacles of the prior art. Furthermore, the machining and processing of the plastic materials is easier because they have a comparable thermal expansion.
Vorteilhaft wird ein aus Organoblech bzw. als thermoplastische Prepregs ausgebildeter, vorgefertigter endlosfaserverstärkter Einleger vorgesehen, in dem zwei- oder dreidimensionale textile Verstärkungsstrukturen, wie Gewebe, Gewirke, Gelege, in thermoplastischer Matrix verwendet werden. Anstelle von Kurzfasern ist somit eine Fasermatrix vorgesehen. Es können komplette Textilien in verschiedenen Richtungen vorgesehen sein. Im Kern des Fangarms ist die Faserverstärkung anstelle eines Metalleinlegers, wie er im Stand der Technik vorgesehen ist, angeordnet
Es kann eine durchgehende Lastaufnahme vom ersten Ende des Fangarms zu dessen zweiten Ende durch lastpfadgerechte Ablage der Fasern im Einleger vorgesehen sein. Vorteilhaft sind die Fasern des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials in Richtung der Hauptbelastung des Fangarms, somit insbesondere in Längsrichtung von diesem, orientiert. Da insbesondere in Längsrichtung des Fangarms besonders hohe Zugkräfte auftreten können, somit die Hauptlast, eignet sich besonders die Verwendung von hauptsächlich in Längsrichtung des Fangarms orientierten Fasern des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials. Bevorzugt sind als Fasern des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials Langfasern und/oder Endlosfasern vorgesehen. Langfasern können im Gießverfahren verarbeitet werden, während Endlosfasern in die Form eines Einlegers gebracht und nachfolgend mit Kunststoffmaterial umspritzt werden. Ferner ist es möglich, die Fasern des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials in Form zumindest eines thermoplastischen Prepregs vorzusehen. Hierbei ist es möglich, den Fangarm vollständig aus einem solchen umgeformten thermoplastischen Prepreg insbesondere in Form eines sogenannten Organoblechs, auszubilden. Die Fasern des jeweiligen faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials können somit in der gewünschten Anordnung mit thermoplastischem Kunststoffmaterial umspritzt werden. Hierbei kann die gewünschte Formgebung bereits durch eine geeignete Wahl der Spritzgussform eingestellt werden oder bei nicht in der Endform vorliegenden thermoplastischen Prepregs deren Umformen in die gewünschte Formgebung zur Verwendung im oder als Fangarm vorgenommen werden. Sowohl Spritzgussverfahren als auch Umformverfahren ermöglichen eine Prozessstabilität bei der Herstellung der Fangarme und ebenfalls kurze Zykluszeiten insbesondere im Vergleich zu den bei den bekannten Fangarmen erforderlichen Vorbehandlungen der Stahleinleger zum Ermöglichen einer stabilen Verbindung mit dem zum Umspritzen verwendeten Kunststoffmaterial. Durch die Möglichkeit eines Spritzgießens von thermoplastischem Kunststoffmaterial bzw. eines Umformens werden nicht nur großserientaugliche Herstellungsverfahren ermöglicht, sondern hierdurch auch die Reduzierung der Herstellungskosten der Fangarme, auch aufgrund der Möglichkeit, Standardkunststoffmaterialien zu verwenden anstelle von speziell ausgerüsteten Kunststoffmaterialien, die beispielsweise für eine besonders gute Verbindung mit Stahleinlegern bei den Fangarmen des Standes der Technik erforderlich sein können. Ferner erweist sich das Umspritzen mit thermoplastischem Material als sehr vorteilhaft für die Herstellung von Gleitflächen, welche die Unterseite und die Oberseite des länglichen Fangarms zwischen dem Fangarm-Kopf am ersten Ende des Fangarms und seinem zweiten mit einer Öffnung versehenen Ende bilden, über die der Fangarm drehbar auf einem Lagerelement befestigt ist. Ein Rastnocken eines Rastglieds kann entlang der länglichen Fangarmkörper-Gleitflächen gleiten und rastend in Rastnuten eingreifen, um eine Fahrzeugtür in verschiedenen Raststellungen zu arretieren. Anstelle eines thermoplastischen Materials kann auch ein duroplastisches Material verwendet werden, das jedoch wesentlich teurer und damit wenig wirtschaftlich ist. An den Gleitflächen werden vorzugsweise keine Fasern vorgesehen, da Fasern die Gleitflächen verletzen können.A prefabricated continuous fiber-reinforced insert made of organic sheet or as thermoplastic prepregs is advantageously provided, in which two- or three-dimensional textile reinforcement structures, such as fabrics, knitted fabrics, scrims, are used in a thermoplastic matrix. Instead of short fibers, a fiber matrix is therefore provided. Complete textiles can be provided in different directions. The fiber reinforcement is arranged in the core of the catch arm instead of a metal insert, as is provided in the prior art
A continuous load pick-up from the first end of the catch arm to its second end can be provided by depositing the fibers in the insert in accordance with the load path. The fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material are advantageously oriented in the direction of the main load on the catch arm, and thus in particular in the longitudinal direction thereof. Since particularly high tensile forces can occur in the longitudinal direction of the tentacle, thus the main load, the use of fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material oriented mainly in the longitudinal direction of the tentacle is particularly suitable. Long fibers and / or continuous fibers are preferably provided as fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material. Long fibers can be processed in the casting process, while continuous fibers are shaped like an insert and then overmoulded with plastic material become. It is also possible to provide the fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material in the form of at least one thermoplastic prepreg. It is possible here to form the catch arm completely from such a deformed thermoplastic prepreg, in particular in the form of a so-called organic sheet. The fibers of the respective fiber-reinforced plastic material can thus be extrusion-coated with thermoplastic material in the desired arrangement. Here, the desired shape can already be set by a suitable choice of the injection mold or, in the case of thermoplastic prepregs which are not in the final shape, their shaping into the desired shape for use in or as a catch arm can be carried out. Both the injection molding process and the forming process enable process stability in the manufacture of the tentacles and also short cycle times, in particular in comparison to the pretreatments of the steel inserts required in the known tentacles to enable a stable connection with the plastic material used for molding. The possibility of injection molding thermoplastic material or forming not only enables large-scale production processes, but also reduces the manufacturing costs of the tentacles, also due to the possibility of using standard plastic materials instead of specially equipped plastic materials, which are used, for example, for a particularly good connection with steel inserts in the tentacles of the prior art may be required. Furthermore, the encapsulation with thermoplastic material proves to be very advantageous for the production of sliding surfaces which form the underside and the top of the elongated tentacle between the tentacle head at the first end of the tentacle arm and its second end provided with an opening, over which the tentacle arm is rotatably mounted on a bearing element. A latching cam of a latching member can slide along the elongated sliding arm body sliding surfaces and engage in latching grooves in order to lock a vehicle door in different latching positions. Instead of a thermoplastic material, a thermosetting material can also be used, but this is considerably more expensive and therefore less economical. Fibers are preferably not provided on the sliding surfaces, since fibers can injure the sliding surfaces.
Die Fasern des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials können insbesondere Glasfasern sein. Ebenfalls ist es möglich, anstelle von Glasfasern oder zusätzlich zu diesen, je nach Anwendung, andere Fasern zu verwenden, wie beispielsweise Kohlefasern, éAramidfasern etc. Ebenfalls ist es möglich, anstelle eines Standardkunststoffs Hochleistungskunststoffe oder Duroplaste als Matrixmaterial in Kombination mit den Fasern zum Ausbilden des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials zu verwenden. Ebenfalls ist es möglich, den Fangarm durch Pressen von glasmattenverstärkten Thermoplasten (GMT) auszubilden. Es können somit nicht nur einzelne Fasern in gewünschter Form im Kunststoffmaterial eingebettet werden, sondern auch fasermattenverstärkte Kunststoffe verwendet werden zum Ausbilden zumindest von Teilen eines Fangarms einer Türfeststeller-Einheit für insbesondere eine Fahrzeugtür eines Fahrzeugs. Die Fasern können somit als z.B. Langfasern direkt im Spritzgussverfahren mit dem gewünschten Kunststoffmaterial umspritzt und somit vollständig oder zumindest teilweise in dieses eingebettet werden, in Mattenform mit zumindest einem thermoplastischen Kunststoffmaterial verpresst, als quasiunidirektionale Textilien bzw. Flächengebilde, wie zum Beispiel Gewirke, Gewebe, Gelege etc., oder in Form von Rovings in einem z.B. mehrlagigen Verbund mit thermoplastischem Kunststoffmaterial zu Prepregs verarbeitet werden. Die zwei- oder dreidimensionalen textilen Verstärkungsstrukturen können Faserlagen im Prepreg sein. Faserlagen im Prepreg können beispielsweise ausgebreitete Rovings oder derartige Flächengebilde, wie Gewebe, Gewirke, Gelege, als mehrdimensionale textile Strukturen, d.h. zwei- oder dreidimensionale textile Strukturen umfassen. Sowohl im Spritzgussverfahren als auch beim Verpressen und bei der Verarbeitung zu einem Prepreg ist eine lastpfadgerechte Faserablage sowie eine Vorfertigung endkontumaher textiler Flächengebilde möglich, also von Flächengebilden, die der gewünschten Endkontur des Fangarms nahekommen. In Abhängigkeit von dem jeweiligen Abschnitt bzw. der jeweiligen Stelle im Fangarm-Körper und -Kopf können die Lastpfade beim Belasten des Fangarms unterschiedlich sein. In Abhängigkeit davon können auch die Fasern entlang der Längsstreckung des Fangarms eine unterschiedliche, entsprechend lastpfadangepasste Orientierung aufweisen. Die Faserorientierung innerhalb des jeweiligen Lastarms ist ferner von dessen äußerer Formgebung ebenfalls abhängig, die ihrerseits abhängig vom jeweiligen Fahrzeug ist, in dem der Fangarm bzw. die Türfeststeller-Einheit mit zumindest einem Fangarm verwendet wird. Entsprechend kann die Faserorientierung auch hieran optimal angepasst werden. Dadurch ist der Fangarm hochbelastbar und durch seine hohe Steifigkeit funktionssicher.The fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material can in particular be glass fibers. It is also possible to use other fibers instead of or in addition to glass fibers, depending on the application, such as carbon fibers, é-aramid fibers etc. It is also possible to use high-performance plastics or thermosets as a matrix material in combination with the fibers to form the instead of a standard plastic to use fiber-reinforced plastic material. It is also possible to form the tentacle by pressing glass mat reinforced thermoplastics (GMT). Not only can individual fibers in the desired shape be embedded in the plastic material, but fiber mat-reinforced plastics can also be used to form at least parts of a catch arm of a door arrester unit, in particular for a vehicle door of a vehicle. The fibers can thus be extrusion-coated with the desired plastic material directly in the injection molding process and thus completely or at least partially embedded in it, pressed in mat form with at least one thermoplastic material, as quasi-unidirectional textiles or fabrics, such as knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, scrims etc., or in the form of rovings in a multi-layer composite with thermoplastic material to be processed into prepregs. The two- or three-dimensional textile reinforcement structures can be fiber layers in the prepreg. Fiber layers in the prepreg can comprise, for example, rovings that are spread out or such flat structures, such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, scrims, as multidimensional textile structures, ie two- or three-dimensional textile structures. Both in the injection molding process as well as during pressing and processing into a prepreg, a load path-appropriate fiber placement and a prefabrication of textile fabrics close to the final shape are possible, i.e. fabrics that come close to the desired final contour of the tentacle. Depending on the respective section or location in the tentacle body and head, the load paths when loading the tentacle can be different. Depending on this, the fibers along the longitudinal extension of the tentacle can also have a different orientation that is adapted to the load path. The fiber orientation within the respective load arm also depends on its external shape dependent, which in turn is dependent on the respective vehicle in which the catch arm or the door arrester unit is used with at least one catch arm. Accordingly, the fiber orientation can also be optimally adapted to this. This makes the tentacle highly resilient and its high rigidity ensures reliable operation.
Im Bereich des Fangarm-Kopfes ist vorteilhaft eine zusätzliche Faserorientierung, zusätzlich zu der im Bereich des länglichen Fangarm-Körpers vorgesehenen, vorgesehen oder zumindest eine andere Faserorientierung als im Bereich des länglichen Fangarm-Körpers. Da gerade im Bereich des Fangarm-Kopfes eine Lasteinleitung und besondere Belastung durch Zugkräfte auftritt, erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, gerade diesen Bereich bzw. den Bereich des Übergangs zum Fangarm-Körper durch unterschiedlich orientierte Fasern und/oder in zumindest einem Winkel zu den in Längsrichtung des Fangarm-Körpers orientierten Fasern stehenden Fasern zu verstärken. Die Fasern können beispielsweise in mehreren Lagen übereinander angeordnet und unterschiedlich orientiert sein, wobei dies auch lediglich abschnittsweise oder lokal entlang der Längserstreckung des Fangarms im Bereich des Fangarm-Kopfes, der Übergangsstelle zum Fangarm-Körper und entlang von diesem vorgesehen werden kann.In the area of the tentacle head, an additional fiber orientation is advantageously provided, in addition to that provided in the area of the elongated tentacle body, or at least a different fiber orientation than in the area of the elongated tentacle body. Since load introduction and special stress due to tensile forces occur precisely in the area of the tentacle head, it proves to be advantageous to precisely this area or the area of the transition to the tentacle body by differently oriented fibers and / or at least at an angle to the in Longitudinal direction of the tentacle body oriented fibers to reinforce standing fibers. The fibers can, for example, be arranged one above the other in several layers and can be oriented differently, whereby this can also be provided only in sections or locally along the longitudinal extension of the tentacle in the region of the tentacle head, the transition point to the tentacle body and along this.
Der Fangarm-Kopf kann insbesondere aus zumindest einem Faserverbundeinleger durch Verdrehen von diesem um einen Verdrehwinkel, insbesondere einen Verdrehwinkel von 90°, und/oder Auffächern und Verbinden eines Faserverbundeinlegers mit weiteren Materiallagen gebildet werden oder sein. Da der Fangarm-Kopf bzw. Endanschlag dann direkt einteilig angeformt ist, indem die Verstärkungsstruktur in diesem Bereich aufgeweitet, zusätzlich verstärkt und/oder verdreht ist, können Störquellen reduziert und das Herstellungsverfahren deutlich vereinfacht werden. Für das Ausbilden des Fangarms-Kopfes durch Verdrehen des zumindest einen Faserverbundeinlegers um insbesondere einen Verdrehwinkel von 90° kann auf einfache Art und Weise ein sehr stabiler Fangarm-Kopf und dementsprechend auch Fangarm ausgebildet werden. Durch Auffächern des Faserverbundeinlegers, der sich ansonsten langgestreckt zum Ausbilden des Fangarm-Körpers erstreckt, kann der Fangarm-Kopf ausgebildet werden. Um ein großes Volumen des Fangarm-Kopfes zu schaffen, können weitere Faserverbundlagen bzw. Materiallagen auf und/oder unter dem derart aufgefächerten Faserverbundeinleger angeordnet werden. Durch das Vorsehen weiterer Faserverbundschichten oder Materialschichten kann der Fangarm-Kopf zusätzlich verstärkt werden. Ebenfalls ist es möglich, den Fangarm-Kopf auch ohne Verdrehen aus zumindest einem Faserverbundeinieger durch dessen entsprechendes Formen bzw. Zuschneiden auszubilden. Zusätzlich oder alternativ hierzu kann der Fangarm-Kopf auch durch zumindest ein Metallelement gebildet werden, insbesondere zumindest ein plattenförmiges und/oder stiftförmiges Metallelement. Das insbesondere plattenförmige und/oder stiftförmige Metallelement kann ferner mit zumindest einem Organoblech verbunden sein oder werden, wobei das Organoblech den Fangarm-Körper bildet und das Metallelement den Fangarm-Kopf. Beispielsweise ist es möglich, das Metallelement mit zumindest einem Organoblech zu umschlingen, wobei das Metallelement sich im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu dem Organoblech erstreckt und innerhalb der Umschlingungsöse des Organoblechs angeordnet ist. Das Organoblech oder Faserband kann vorteilhaft als zumindest ein geschlossenes umlaufendes Band vorgesehen werden. Als Metallelement, insbesondere plattenförmiges und/oder stiftförmiges Metallelement, kann beispielsweise ein Stahlelement vorgesehen werden. Anstelle eines solchen sogenannten Organoblechs können die Fasern auch in Form eines Textils, also Gewebes, Geleges oder Gewirkes, angeordnet und insbesondere durch Umschlingen mit dem Metallelement verbunden werden. Anstelle eines Metallelements kann auch ein Element aus einem anderen stabilen Material, wie beispielsweise ein Kunststoffelement, verwendet werden.The catch arm head can in particular be formed from at least one fiber composite insert by rotating it by an angle of rotation, in particular an angle of rotation of 90 °, and / or fanning out and connecting a fiber composite insert to further layers of material. Since the tentacle head or end stop is then formed directly in one piece by the reinforcing structure being widened, additionally reinforced and / or twisted in this area, sources of interference can be reduced and the manufacturing process can be significantly simplified. For the formation of the tentacle head by rotating the at least one fiber composite insert by in particular an angle of rotation of 90 °, a very stable tentacle head and, accordingly, tentacle can be formed in a simple manner. The catch arm head can be formed by fanning out the fiber composite insert, which otherwise extends elongated to form the catch arm body. To a large volume of the tentacle head too create, additional fiber composite layers or material layers can be arranged on and / or under the fiber composite insert fanned out in this way. The tentacle head can be additionally reinforced by the provision of additional fiber composite layers or material layers. It is also possible to form the tentacle head without twisting from at least one fiber composite starter by shaping or cutting it accordingly. Additionally or alternatively, the tentacle head can also be formed by at least one metal element, in particular at least one plate-shaped and / or pin-shaped metal element. The in particular plate-shaped and / or pin-shaped metal element can also be or be connected to at least one organic sheet, the organic sheet forming the tentacle body and the metal element the tentacle head. For example, it is possible to wrap around the metal element with at least one organic sheet, the metal element extending essentially perpendicular to the organic sheet and being arranged within the looping loop of the organic sheet. The organic sheet or fiber sliver can advantageously be provided as at least one closed circulating sliver. A steel element can, for example, be provided as the metal element, in particular plate-shaped and / or pin-shaped metal element. Instead of such a so-called organic sheet, the fibers can also be arranged in the form of a textile, that is to say a woven, non-woven or knitted fabric, and in particular can be connected to the metal element by looping. Instead of a metal element, an element made of another stable material, such as a plastic element, can also be used.
Unter einem Organoblech wird vorliegend ein Faserverbundwerkstoff oder Faserverbundmaterial verstanden, der als Faser-Matrix-Halbzeug aus einem Fasergewebe oder Fasergelege besteht, das in eine thermoplastische Kunststoffmatrix eingebettet ist. Durch das Vorsehen einer thermoplastischen Kunststoffmatrix sind die Faser-Matrix-Halbzeuge warm umformfähig, was zu kürzeren Prozesszeiten im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen duroplastischen Faserverbundwerkstoffen führt. Als Faserwerkstoffe kommen Glasfasern, Aramidfasern, Kohlenstofffasern und anderen Fasern in Betracht. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften eines Organoblechs, wie Steifigkeit, Festigkeit und Wärmeausdehnung, werden mitbestimmt durch die Anordnung der Fasern, insbesondere in Form eines Gewebes und/oder Geleges, bei dem die Fasern in einem Winkel zueinander angeordnet sind, insbesondere rechtwinklig zueinander verlaufen. Hierdurch können die mechanischen Eigenschaften besser als bei beispielsweise einem Stahleinleger in einem Fangarm vorgestimmt und auf den jeweiligen Anwendungsfall optimal abgestimmt werden. Zug- und Druckverhalten von Organoblechen ebenso deren mechanische und thermische Eigenschaften sind nicht isotrop, also richtungsunabhängig bezüglich der räumlichen Struktur.In the present case, an organic sheet is understood to mean a fiber composite material or fiber composite material which, as a fiber matrix semi-finished product, consists of a fiber fabric or fiber fabric, which is embedded in a thermoplastic plastic matrix. By providing a thermoplastic plastic matrix, the semi-finished fiber matrix products can be hot-formed, which leads to shorter process times compared to conventional thermosetting fiber composite materials. Glass fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers and other fibers come into consideration as fiber materials. The mechanical properties of an organic sheet, such as rigidity, strength and Thermal expansion are also determined by the arrangement of the fibers, in particular in the form of a fabric and / or scrim, in which the fibers are arranged at an angle to one another, in particular at right angles to one another. As a result, the mechanical properties can be better predetermined than in the case of a steel insert in a catch arm, for example, and can be optimally matched to the respective application. The tensile and compressive behavior of organic sheets as well as their mechanical and thermal properties are not isotropic, i.e. they are independent of direction with regard to the spatial structure.
Die Öffnung am zweiten Ende des Fangarms zur Aufnahme eines Lagerzapfens oder Lagerstifts zum Verschwenken des Fangarms gegenüber einem Lager in der Fahrzeugkarosserie kann mit zumindest einer Hülse mit oder aus zumindest einem stabilen Material, insbesondere zumindest einer Metallhülse, und/oder zumindest einer Buchse, z.B. einer aus Fasern gewickelten Buchse, zum Verstärken versehen sein. Ferner kann die Öffnung durch Bohren oder vermittels eines warmen Dorns gefertigt werden bzw. sein. Zum Verstärken kann die Öffnung ferner umstickt und/oder mit Fasern um die Öffnung herum versehen sein. Beispielsweise können die Fasern die Öffnung umschlingend oder dieser ausweichend, also von dieser wegführend oder abgewandt, um diese herum gelegt sein. Gerade im Bereich der Öffnung am zweiten Ende des Fangarms, die zum gelenkigen, verschwenkbaren Lagern des Fangarms auf einer Lagerbuchse oder einem Lagerstift, der in der Fahrzeugkarosserie angeordnet ist, dient, sollte eine ausreichende Stabilität vorgesehen werden. Daher kann diese durch zusätzliches Vorsehen einer Hülse oder Buchse, die in die Öffnung eingesetzt wird und dementsprechend zu einer verstärkten Öffnung führt, vorgesehen werden, wobei die Hülse oder Buchse nicht nur aus Metall oder einem anderen stabilen Material, sondern auch aus Fasern oder faserverstärktem Kunststoff hergestellt sein kann. Ein Umsticken zum Verstärken der Öffnung kann ebenfalls mit Fasermaterial, das eine entsprechend hohe Steifigkeit bzw. Festigkeit und Formstabilität für die Öffnung schafft, vorgesehen werden. Das Umlegen der Öffnung mit Fasern führt zu einem entsprechend verstärkenden Effekt. Bei Vorsehen einer solchen, wie auch immer gearteten, Versteifung oder Verstärkung kann ein Ausreißen oder Kriechen eines Risses verhindert werden, wie es bei einem unverstärkten Loch bzw einer unverstärkten Öffnung vorkommen kann. Insbesondere können die Fasern um die Öffnung herum lastpfadgerecht abgelegt, somit hierüber eine Verstärkung geschaffen werden. Durch Einbringen der Bohrung oder Öffnung vermittels eines warmen Dorns können Faserunterbrechungen im Bereich der Öffnung verhindert werden. Dies gilt auch bei einem Umsticken oder anderweitigen Umnähen oder Umwickeln der Öffnung oder Bohrung mit Fasern. Ferner ist es auch möglich, umlaufend zumindest eine zusätzliche oder alleinige Verstärkungslage im Bereich des zweiten Endes des Fangarms, das mit der Öffnung versehen ist, senkrecht zu einem aus Faserverbundmaterial gefertigten Einleger vorzusehen. Eine solche Verstärkungslage kann nicht nur umlaufend im Bereich der Öffnung am zweiten Ende des Fangarms, sondern auch entlang der gesamten Längserstreckung des Fangarms bis zu dessen Fangarm-Kopf hin und um diesen herum bzw. in dessen gesamtem Bereich angeordnet werden. Die zumindest eine Verstärkunglage kann beispielsweise in Form eines geschlossenen Bandes, Rings, einer Umschlingung, einer Buchse, ggf, in Kombination mit einem Metallteil oder anderweitigen Verstärkungsteil im Fangarm-Kopf, ausgebildet werden. Insbesondere ist es möglich, einen umlaufenden Faserring herzustellen, der im Bereich beider Enden des Fangarms z.B. über ein dort angeordnetes stiftförmiges oder hülsenartiges Element umgelenkt wird. Beispielsweise kann der umlaufende Faserring am Fangarm-Kopf über ein stiftförmiges Element und am gegenüberliegenden zweiten Ende des Fangarms über ein dort angeordnetes Element in Form einer Hülse oder Buchse, das die Öffnung zur Aufnahme eines Lagerzapfens umfasst, umgelenkt werden. Ferner kann der Bereich am zweiten Ende des Fangarms, der mit der Durchgangsöffnung bzw. Öffnung versehen ist, verdickt ausgebildet werden unter Vorsehen eines mehrachsig verstärkten Faserverbundwerkstoffs. Auch mehrere der vorstehend genannten Möglichkeiten einer Verstärkung des Fangarms und insbesondere der Öffnung an dessen zweiten Ende können in Kombination miteinander vorgesehen werden.The opening at the second end of the catch arm for receiving a bearing pin or pivot pin for pivoting the catch arm relative to a bearing in the vehicle body can be provided with at least one sleeve with or from at least one stable material, in particular at least one metal sleeve, and / or at least one bushing, for example one bushing made of fibers, be provided for reinforcement. Furthermore, the opening can be made by drilling or by means of a warm mandrel. For reinforcement, the opening can also be embroidered and / or provided with fibers around the opening. For example, the fibers can be wrapped around the opening or evasive of it, ie leading away from it or facing away from it. Adequate stability should be provided precisely in the area of the opening at the second end of the catch arm, which serves for the articulated, pivotable mounting of the catch arm on a bearing bush or a bearing pin which is arranged in the vehicle body. Therefore, this can be provided by additionally providing a sleeve or socket which is inserted into the opening and accordingly leads to a reinforced opening, the sleeve or socket not only made of metal or another stable material, but also of fibers or fiber-reinforced plastic can be made. Embroidery to reinforce the opening can also be provided with fiber material that creates a correspondingly high rigidity or strength and dimensional stability for the opening. Folding the opening with fibers leads to a corresponding reinforcing effect. If such a reinforcement or reinforcement of any kind is provided, tearing or creeping of a crack can be prevented, as can occur with an unreinforced hole or opening. In particular, the fibers can be placed around the opening in accordance with the load path, thus creating a reinforcement. By introducing the hole or opening by means of a warm mandrel, fiber interruptions in the area of the opening can be prevented. This also applies to embroidery or other sewing or wrapping the opening or bore with fibers. Furthermore, it is also possible to provide circumferentially at least one additional or sole reinforcement layer in the region of the second end of the catch arm, which is provided with the opening, perpendicular to an insert made of fiber composite material. Such a reinforcement layer can be arranged not only all around in the area of the opening at the second end of the tentacle, but also along the entire longitudinal extent of the tentacle up to and around the tentacle head or in its entire area. The at least one reinforcement layer can be designed, for example, in the form of a closed band, ring, wrap, bushing, if necessary in combination with a metal part or other reinforcement part in the tentacle head. In particular, it is possible to produce a circumferential fiber ring which is deflected in the region of both ends of the catch arm, for example via a pin-shaped or sleeve-like element arranged there. For example, the circumferential fiber ring on the catch arm head can be deflected via a pin-shaped element and at the opposite second end of the catch arm via an element arranged there in the form of a sleeve or bushing which comprises the opening for receiving a bearing pin. Furthermore, the area at the second end of the catch arm, which is provided with the through-opening or opening, can be made thickened with the provision of a multi-axis reinforced fiber composite material. Several of the aforementioned options for strengthening the catch arm and in particular the opening at its second end can also be provided in combination with one another.
Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, den Fangarm auch vollständig aus Organoblech, somit zumindest teilweise faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial, auszubilden. Hierdurch kann der Verfahrensschritt eines Umspritzens eines aus faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial gefertigten Einlegers des. Fangarms vermieden werden, da der aus einem solchen Organoblech gefertigte Fangarm in die gewünschte Form zugeschnitten und/oder umgeformt werden kann. Dieser kann vorbestimmbar die anwendungsspezifisch optimierte Faserorientierung aufweisen.In principle, it is also possible to design the tentacle entirely from organic sheet, thus at least partially fiber-reinforced plastic material. In this way, the method step of overmolding an insert of the catch arm made of fiber-reinforced plastic material can be avoided, since the catch arm made of such an organic sheet in the desired shape can be cut and / or shaped. This can predeterminably have the application-specifically optimized fiber orientation.
Das Verwenden von faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial in einem Fangarm einer Türfeststeller-Einheit führt im Vergleich zur Verwendung eines Einlegers aus Stahl beim Stand der Technik zu einer Reduzierung der Masse des Fangarms um bis zu 50 %. Aufgrund der Möglichkeit, ähnliche Kunststoffe miteinander stoffschlüssig zu verbinden bei dem Umspritzen eines aus faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial gefertigten Kernelements des Fangarms mit einem zweiten Kunststoffmaterial kommt es nicht mehr zu einem Versagen des Fangarms aufgrund der Verschiedenheit der verwendeten Werkstoffe, wie dies bei den bekannten Fangarmen unter Verwendung von Stahl und Kunststoff vorkommen kann. Ferner ist auch die Verarbeitung der zur Herstellung des Fangarms verwendeten Materialien deutlich vereinfacht, da lediglich Kunststoffmaterialien miteinander verbunden zu werden brauchen oder überhaupt lediglich ein faserverstärktes Kunststoffmaterial verwendet wird. Ferner sind auch nicht mehr Rissbildungen aufgrund unterschiedlicher Ausdehnungen von Stahl und Kunststoff bei Temperaturänderungen, wie dies regelmäßig bei Fangarmen des Standes der Technik auftreten kann, zu befürchten. Vielmehr können solche temperaturschwankungsbedingten Schädigungen des Fangarms durch die Verwendung von faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial insbesondere in Kombination mit zumindest einem weiteren Kunststoffmaterial sicher vermieden werden. Hierdurch wird auch eine Qualitätssteigerung erreicht, wobei weder Haftvermittler noch Oberflächenbehandlungen zum Verbinden von faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial und zumindest einem weiteren Kunststoffmaterial zum Ausbilden des Fangarms erforderlich sind. Zudem kann auch auf eine energieaufwendige Herstellung und Verarbeitung von Stahl als Einleger in einem Fangarm des Standes der Technik bei Vorsehen des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials verzichtet wenden. Als Matrixmaterial dient bei dem faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterial zumindest ein Kunststoffmaterial, insbesondere zumindest ein thermoplastisches Kunststoffmaterial, in das Fasern eingebettet oder integriert bzw. von diesem umspritzt werden/sind. Es können Langfasern im Einleger oder Kurzfasern im Umspritzungsmaterial vorgesehen sein und/oder Fasermatten mit Kunststoff zusammen verpresst sein zum Ausbilden des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials. Vorteilhaft ist eine Endlosfaserverstärkung vorgesehen unter Verwendung von Textilien und Faserbändern als Verstärkungsstrukturen.The use of fiber-reinforced plastic material in a catch arm of a door arrester unit leads to a reduction in the mass of the catch arm by up to 50% compared to the use of a steel insert in the prior art. Due to the possibility of integrally connecting similar plastics to one another when the encapsulation of a core element of the tentacle made of fiber-reinforced plastic material with a second plastic material, there is no longer any failure of the tentacle due to the diversity of the materials used, as is the case with the known tentacles using Steel and plastic can occur. Furthermore, the processing of the materials used to manufacture the tentacle is also significantly simplified, since only plastic materials need to be connected to one another or only a fiber-reinforced plastic material is used at all. Furthermore, there is no longer any need to fear cracks due to different expansions of steel and plastic in the event of temperature changes, as can regularly occur with tentacles of the prior art. Rather, damage to the tentacle caused by temperature fluctuations can be reliably avoided by using fiber-reinforced plastic material, in particular in combination with at least one further plastic material. This also achieves an increase in quality, with neither adhesion promoters nor surface treatments for connecting fiber-reinforced plastic material and at least one further plastic material for forming the catch arm being required. In addition, energy-intensive production and processing of steel as an insert in a catch arm of the prior art can be dispensed with if the fiber-reinforced plastic material is provided. In the fiber-reinforced plastic material, at least one plastic material, in particular at least one thermoplastic plastic material, into which fibers are embedded or integrated or overmolded by this, serves as matrix material. Long fibers can be provided in the insert or short fibers in the encapsulation material be and / or fiber mats pressed together with plastic to form the fiber-reinforced plastic material. Endless fiber reinforcement is advantageously provided using textiles and fiber tapes as reinforcement structures.
Dreidimensionale Verbundstrukturen, wie Gewebe oder Gewirke oder Gelege als textile Verstärkungsstrukturen, können verwendet werden, die vorzugsweise aus Organoblechen vorgefertigt sind und eine durchgehende Kraftaufnahme ermöglichen. Somit ist die Auslegung der textilen Verstärkungsstruktur lastpfadgerecht. Die Fasern sind im Einleger lastpfadgerecht abgelegt, insbesondere umschlingend, lokal verstärkt oder ein Metallelement umschlingend. Der Fangarm kann sehr hohe Zugkräfte und darüber hinaus auch seitliche Kräfte und Biegemomente aufnehmen, die durch die Verwendung mehrachsig aufgebauter Textilien als Verstärkungsstruktur ermöglicht werden. Durch den Einsatz von textilen Herstellungsverfahren können dreidimensionale Verstärkungsstrukturen bereitgestellt werden, die eine direkte Anformung oder Aufnahme des Endanschlags ermöglichen, der durch den Fangarm-Kopf gebildet wird. Für eine optimale Lasteinleitung wird die Verstärkungsstruktur oder der Verbundwerkstoff über die gesamte Länge des Fangarms ausgedehnt und der Kraftfluss in den Fasern nicht unterbrochen. Es kann zumindest ein Organoblech als ein Faserverbundmaterial oder Fasern in Form eines Textils ein Metallelement umschlingend vorgesehen sein, insbesondere ein umlaufendes Faserband einen Metallstift zum Ausbilden des Fangarm-Kopfs umschlingen. Durch die Verwendung eines geschlossenen, umlaufenden Faserbandes ist keine zusätzliche Umformung erforderlich, da nur die Enden des Bandes zu einem geschlossenen Ring verbunden werden. Insbesondere kann ein stiftförmiges Metallelement als Fangarm-Kopf in den geschlossenen Ring eingesetzt werden. Es wird jedoch kein Metalleinsatz für den Fangarm verwendet. Darüber hinaus kann eine einteilige Ausformung des Fangarm-Kopfes als Endanschlag im Faserverbund durch Verdrehen oder zusätzliche Lagen erfolgen. Dadurch werden der Aufwand für die Herstellung und die Herstellungskosten im Vergleich zu den Lösungen des Standes der Technik reduziert. Auch temperaturbedingte Dehnungsunterschiede, die durch die unterschiedlichen Materialien bei den Lösungen des Standes der Technik verursacht werden, können vermieden werden. Vorliegend werden vielmehr ähnliche Materialien verwendet, was zu einer vergleichbaren bzw. ähnlichen Wärmeausdehnung und zur Möglichkeit einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung führt.Three-dimensional composite structures, such as woven or knitted fabrics or scrims as textile reinforcement structures, can be used, which are preferably prefabricated from organic sheets and enable continuous force absorption. The design of the textile reinforcement structure is therefore suitable for the load path. The fibers are placed in the insert in accordance with the load path, in particular looping, locally reinforced or looping around a metal element. The catch arm can absorb very high tensile forces and also lateral forces and bending moments, which are made possible by the use of multi-axis textiles as a reinforcement structure. The use of textile manufacturing processes makes it possible to provide three-dimensional reinforcing structures which enable the end stop, which is formed by the tentacle head, to be directly molded on or received. For optimal load transfer, the reinforcement structure or the composite material is extended over the entire length of the tentacle and the flow of force in the fibers is not interrupted. At least one organic sheet can be provided as a fiber composite material or fibers in the form of a textile wrapping around a metal element, in particular a circumferential sliver wrapping around a metal pin to form the tentacle head. By using a closed, continuous sliver, no additional forming is necessary, since only the ends of the sliver are connected to form a closed ring. In particular, a pin-shaped metal element can be used as a tentacle head in the closed ring. However, no metal insert is used for the tentacle. In addition, the catch arm head can be molded in one piece as an end stop in the fiber composite by twisting or additional layers. As a result, the outlay for production and the production costs are reduced in comparison with the solutions of the prior art. Differences in elongation caused by temperature, which are caused by the different materials in the solutions of the prior art, can also be avoided become. Rather, similar materials are used in the present case, which leads to a comparable or similar thermal expansion and to the possibility of a material connection.
Zur näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung werden im Folgenden Ausführungsbeispiele von dieser näher anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben. Diese zeigen in:
- Figur 1a
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarms für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit einer Fahrzeugtür eines Fahrzeugs,
- Figur 1b
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarms für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit, bei dem eine unidirektionale Anordnung von Fasern kombiniert mit einer multidirektionalen Anordnung der Fasern im Bereich des Fangarms-Kopfes vorgesehen ist,
- Figur 1c
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarms für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit, wobei eine lastpfadgerechte Ablage von Fasern im Fangarm-Kopf vorgesehen ist,
Figur 2- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer vierten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarms für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit, umfassend ein Metallelement, das von einem Organoblech umschlungen ist, mit unidirektionaler Verstärkung im Bereich des Fangarm-Kopfes,
- Figur 3
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer fünften Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarms für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit, wobei der Fangarm-Kopf ohne eine Verdrehung, also lediglich als flache, ebene Faserverbundmatte, ausgebildet ist,
- Figur 4
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer sechsten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarms mit einer Auffächerung der Faserlagen aus einem Faserband in Verbindung mit weiteren Materiallagen zum Ausbilden eines Fangarm-Kopfes,
- Figur 5a
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer siebten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarms mit einer umlaufenden zusätzlichen unidirektionalen Verstärkungsschicht, die in das Kunststoffmaterial des Fangarms eingebettet ist,
- Figur 5b
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer achten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarms, bei dem ein Auffächern der Faserlagen aus einem Band, ähnlich
Figur 4 , vorgesehen ist, als Einleger, der von weiterem Kunststoffmaterial umspritzt ist, wobei eine umlaufende zusätzliche Verstärkung mit Fasermaterial vorgesehen und in das Kunststoffumspritzungsmaterial eingebettet ist, - Figur 6
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht eines Endes eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarm-Körpers einer erfindungsgemäßen Türfeststeller-Einheit mit endseitiger Öffnung, wobei durch die Öffnung Fasern des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials unterbrochen sind,
Figur 7- eine perspektivische Detailansicht eines Endes eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarm-Körpers einer erfindungsgemäßen Türfeststeller-Einheit, wobei im Unterschied zu der Ausführungsform nach
Figur 6 die Öffnung durch eine zusätzlich dort eingefügte Metall- oder gewickelte Faserhülse verstärkt ist, - Figur 8a
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarm-Körpers einer erfindungsgemäßen Türfeststeller-Einheit, wobei eine endseitige Öffnung am Fangarm-Körper ohne Unterbrechung der Fasern durch deren lastpfadgerechte Legung um die Öffnung herum bis zum Ende des Fangarm-Körpers vorgesehen ist,
- Figur 8b
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarm-Körpers einer erfindungsgemäßen Türfeststeller-Einheit, wobei im Unterschied zu der Ausführungsform nach
Figur 8a die Fasern ohne Unterbrechung um die Öffnung am Ende des Fangarmkörpers herum gelegt und in Richtung des nicht gezeigten Fangarm-Kopfes zurückgeführt sind, - Figur 9
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarm-Körpers im Bereich von dessen endseitiger Öffnung, die zur Verstärkung umstickt ist,
- Figur 10a
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarm-Körpers, wobei eine umlaufende Verstärkung für eine endseitig am Fangarm-Körper vorgesehene Öffnung durch dort in Längsrichtung des Fangarm-Körpers umlaufende Fasern vorgesehen ist,
- Figur 10b
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht eines Endes eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarm-Körpers einer erfindungsgemäßen Türfeststeller-Einheit, wobei eine dort vorgesehene Öffnung durch multidirektionale Anordnung von Fasern bzw. Faserlagen zur Verstärkung unter gleichzeitiger Aufdickung dieses Endes des Fangarm-Körpers verstärkt ist,
- Figur 10c
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht eines Endes eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarm-Körpers einer erfindungsgemäßen Türfeststeller-Einheit in der Ausgestaltung als Kombination aus den Ausführungsvarianten nach den
Figuren 10a und10b unter Vorsehen einer umlaufenden Verstärkung durch Fasern sowie multidirektionalen Anordnung weiterer Faserlagen unter Aufdickung des Endes des Fangarm-Körpers, - Figur 11
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Türfeststeller-Einheit mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Fangarm mit einem Einleger aus faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial,
Figur 12- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Fangarms mit umlaufendem Faserring als innerer Verstärkungslage,
Figur 13- eine Draufsicht auf den
Fangarm gemäß Figur 12 , und Figur 14- eine Längsschnittansicht des Fangarms gemäß
.Figur 12
- Figure 1a
- 2 shows a perspective detailed view of a first embodiment of a catch arm according to the invention for a door arrester unit of a vehicle door of a vehicle,
- Figure 1b
- 1 shows a perspective detailed view of a second embodiment of a tentacle arm according to the invention for a door arrester unit, in which a unidirectional arrangement of fibers combined with a multidirectional arrangement of the fibers is provided in the region of the tentacle arm head,
- Figure 1c
- 2 shows a perspective detailed view of a third embodiment of a tentacle arm according to the invention for a door arrester unit, fibers being placed in the tentacle head according to the load path,
- Figure 2
- 2 shows a perspective detailed view of a fourth embodiment of a tentacle arm according to the invention for a door arrester unit, comprising a metal element which is wrapped in an organic sheet, with unidirectional reinforcement in the area of the tentacle head,
- Figure 3
- 2 shows a perspective detailed view of a fifth embodiment of a catch arm according to the invention for a door arrester unit, the catch arm head being designed without twisting, that is to say merely as a flat, flat fiber composite mat,
- Figure 4
- 2 shows a perspective detailed view of a sixth embodiment of a tentacle arm according to the invention with a fanning out of the fiber layers from a fiber band in connection with further material layers for forming a tentacle head
- Figure 5a
- 2 shows a perspective detailed view of a seventh embodiment of a tentacle according to the invention with a circumferential additional unidirectional reinforcement layer which is embedded in the plastic material of the tentacle,
- Figure 5b
- a detailed perspective view of an eighth embodiment of a tentacle according to the invention, in which fanning out the fiber layers from a tape, similar
Figure 4 is provided as an insert, which is encapsulated by additional plastic material, a circumferential additional reinforcement provided with fiber material and embedded in the encapsulation plastic material, - Figure 6
- 2 shows a perspective detailed view of an end of a tentacle body according to the invention of a door arrester unit according to the invention with an opening at the end, fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material being interrupted by the opening,
- Figure 7
- a detailed perspective view of an end of a tentacle body according to the invention of a door arrester unit according to the invention, in contrast to the embodiment according to
Figure 6 the opening is reinforced by an additional metal or wound fiber sleeve inserted there, - Figure 8a
- 2 shows a perspective detailed view of a tentacle body according to the invention of a door arrester unit according to the invention, an end-side opening on the tentacle body being provided without interruption of the fibers by laying them around the opening to the end of the tentacle body in accordance with the load path
- Figure 8b
- a detailed perspective view of a further embodiment of a tentacle body according to the invention of a door arrester unit according to the invention, in contrast to the embodiment according to
Figure 8a the fibers are continuously laid around the opening at the end of the tentacle body and are returned in the direction of the tentacle head, not shown, - Figure 9
- 3 shows a perspective detailed view of a further embodiment of a tentacle body according to the invention in the region of its opening at the end, which is embroidered for reinforcement,
- Figure 10a
- 2 shows a perspective detailed view of a further embodiment of a tentacle body according to the invention, wherein a circumferential reinforcement is provided for an opening provided on the end of the tentacle body by fibers running there in the longitudinal direction of the tentacle body,
- Figure 10b
- 3 shows a perspective detailed view of an end of a tentacle body according to the invention of a door arrester unit according to the invention, an opening provided there being reinforced by multidirectional arrangement of fibers or fiber layers for reinforcement while simultaneously thickening this end of the tentacle body,
- Figure 10c
- a detailed perspective view of an end of a tentacle body according to the invention of a door arrester unit according to the invention in the configuration as a combination of the variants according to the
Figures 10a and10b with all-round reinforcement by fibers and multidirectional arrangement of further fiber layers with thickening of the end of the tentacle body, - Figure 11
- 1 shows a perspective view of a door arrester unit with a catch arm according to the invention with an insert made of fiber-reinforced plastic material,
- Figure 12
- 1 shows a perspective view of a tentacle arm according to the invention with a circumferential fiber ring as the inner reinforcement layer,
- Figure 13
- a top view of the tentacle according
Figure 12 , and - Figure 14
- a longitudinal sectional view of the tentacle according
Figure 12 ,
Zwischen dem Fangarm-Kopf 13 am ersten Ende 12 des Fangarms 1 und dem zweiten Ende 14 mit der Öffnung erstreckt sich der Fangarm mit einem langgestreckten bzw. länglichen Fangarm-Körper 16. Dieser weist in dem in
Der Fangarm 1 ist aus faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial ausgebildet oder weist dieses auf. Insbesondere kann ein Einleger 30 aus faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial von weiterem Kunststoffmaterial 31 umgeben bzw. in dieses eingebettet sein, wie in
In Modifikation der in
Bei der in
Wie in
Wird auf ein solches Verdrehen bzw. Tordieren von Kopf und Körper des Fangarms gegeneinander verzichtet, kann das Gehäuse 101 der Türfeststeller-Einheit 100 entsprechend ausgestaltet werden, um ein unerwünschtes Durchrutschen des Fangarm-Kopfes 13 durch das Gehäuse im Bereich der Rastschwingen 102 zu verhindern. Die jeweilige Orientierung und Anordnung der Fasern 18, 19 im Fangarm-Kopf 13 bzw. Fangarm-Körper 16 können auch bei einem Verzicht auf ein Verdrehen des Fangarm-Kopfes gegenüber dem Fangarm-Körper entsprechend den Ausführungsvarianten nach
Der in
Wie in den
In den
Soll keine solche Buchse 26 in die Öffnung 15 eingebracht werden, kann eine Verstärkung der Öffnung 15 auch durch eine lastpfadgerechte Ablage der Fasern durch entsprechendes Umringen der Öffnung 15 erfolgen, wie dies in den
Eine weitere Möglichkeit, die Öffnung 15 zu verstärken, ist in
Bei der in
In den
Wie insbesondere
Ein Faserband, wie das Faserband 23 bzw. der Verstärkungsring 32, können somit im Innern und/oder außenseitig auf bzw. entlang dem Fangarm 1 angeordnet werden. Insbesondere beim Vorsehen des zumindest einen Verstärkungsrings 32 im Innern des Fangarms 1 werden ggf. weitere Einleger aus Verstärkungsmaterial, insbesondere faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial, wie Organoblech, nicht benötigt und können daher weggelassen werden.A sliver, such as
Als Fasern zum Ausbilden der Einleger bzw. des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials können Kurzfaser, aber besonders bevorzugt Endtosfasern oder Langfasern verwendet werden, insbesondere im Bereich der sich in Längsrichtung des Fangarms erstreckenden Faserverstärkungen. Langfasern sind nicht endlos und weniger definiert ausgerichtet als dies bei Endlosfasern möglich ist, wobei die Faserausrichtung durch entsprechende Einstellung der Parameter im Spritzgussverfahren zum Umspritzen der Fasern mit Kunststoffmaterial bzw. Einbetten in eine Kunststoffmatrix beeinflusst werden kann. Die Fasern können, unabhängig von ihrer jeweiligen Ausgestaltung und Orientierung, lediglich in einer Schicht, jedoch auch mehrlagig im Fangarm angeordnet werden. Die Fasern werden in ein geeignetes Kunststoffmaterial, das insbesondere ein thermoplastisches Kunststoffmaterial ist, jedoch auch ein Hochleistungskunststoff sein kann, ebenso wie ein Duroplast als Matrixmaterial, eingebettet und das Kunststoffmaterial in die entsprechende Formgebung gebracht. Insbesondere kann ein zusätzliches Umspritzen mit einem weiteren Kunststoffmaterial, in das keine Fasern eingebettet sind, vorgesehen werden, um die gewünschte Formgebung des Fangarms 1 zu bilden. Bei Vorsehen von Glasfasermatten können diese mit Kunststoffmaterial zusammen verpresst werden, um die gewünschte Formgebung zu erhalten. Der Fangarm kann jedoch ebenfalls als fertig umgeformter thermoplastischer Prepreg insbesondere durch ein entsprechend umgeformtes Organoblech ausgebildet werden. Ferner kann ein solches Prepreg als Einleger ausgebildet und mit Kunststoffmaterial umspritzt werden. Im Prepreg bestehen die Faserlagen z.B. aus ausgebreiteten Rovings oder Flächengebilden, wie Geweben, Gelegen oder Geflechten. Es sind somit unterschiedlichste Ausführungsvarianten zum Ausbilden und insbesondere lokalen Verstärken des Fangarms durch faserverstärktes Kunststoffmaterial möglich.Short fibers, but particularly preferably end fibers or long fibers, can be used as fibers for forming the insert or the fiber-reinforced plastic material, in particular in the area of Fiber reinforcements extending in the longitudinal direction of the tentacle. Long fibers are not oriented in an endless and less defined manner than is possible with continuous fibers, the fiber orientation being able to be influenced by appropriate setting of the parameters in the injection molding process for the encapsulation of the fibers with plastic material or embedding in a plastic matrix. Regardless of their respective design and orientation, the fibers can only be arranged in one layer, but also in multiple layers in the tentacle. The fibers are embedded in a suitable plastic material, which is in particular a thermoplastic material, but can also be a high-performance plastic, as well as a thermoset as matrix material, and the plastic material is brought into the appropriate shape. In particular, an additional encapsulation with another plastic material, in which no fibers are embedded, can be provided in order to form the desired shape of the
Neben den im Vorstehenden beschriebenen und in den Figuren gezeigten Ausführungsvarianten von Fangarmen für eine Türfeststeller-Einheit können noch zahlreiche weitere gebildet werden, insbesondere auch beliebige Kombinationen der vorstehend genannten Merkmale, bei denen zumindest ein länglicher Fangarm-Körper mit zumindest einem an dessen ersten Ende angeordneten Fangarm-Kopf als Endanschlagselement und zumindest einer an dessen zweiten Ende angeordneten Öffnung zum gelenkigen Verschwenken gegenüber einem Lager vorgesehen sind, wobei der Fangarm zumindest teilweise aus-zumindest einem faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterial besteht.In addition to the design variants of tentacles for a door arrester unit described above and shown in the figures, numerous others can be formed, in particular also any combination of the features mentioned above, in which at least one elongated tent arm body with at least one body arranged at its first end Catch arm head are provided as an end stop element and at least one opening arranged at its second end for articulated pivoting relative to a bearing, the catch arm consisting at least partially of at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material.
- 11
- Fangarmtentacle
- 1010
- Oberseitetop
- 1111
- Unterseitebottom
- 1212
- erstes Endefirst end
- 1313
- Fangarm-KopfTentacle-head
- 1414
- zweites Endesecond end
- 1515
- Öffnung/DurchgangsöffnungOpening / through-hole
- 1616
- Fangarm-KörperFangarm body
- 1717
- Rastnutlocking groove
- 1818
- Faserfiber
- 1919
- Faserfiber
- 2020
- Faserfiber
- 2121
- Decklagetopsheet
- 2222
- Metallelementmetal element
- 2323
- Faserbandsliver
- 2424
- UmschlingungsöseUmschlingungsöse
- 2525
- Faserfiber
- 2626
- BuchseRifle
- 2727
- UmstickungUmstickung
- 2828
- Faserfiber
- 2929
- Faserfiber
- 3030
- Einlegerdepositors
- 3131
- KunststoffmaterialPlastic material
- 3232
- Verstärkungsringreinforcement ring
- 3333
- stiftförmiges Elementpin-shaped element
- 3434
- BuchseRifle
- 100100
- Türfeststeller-EinheitThe door arrester unit
- 101101
- Gehäusecasing
- 102102
- Rastschwingedetent arm
- 103103
- Druckfedercompression spring
- 104,104
- Scharnierstifthinge pin
- 105105
- Lagercamp
- 106106
- Rastnockenlocking cams
- 107107
- Dämpfungskörperdamping body
- αα
- Winkel zwischen 18 und 19Angles between 18 and 19
Claims (15)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Fasern der zumindest einen faserverstärkten Kunststoffmatrix Endlosfasern sind, zumindest ein thermoplastisches Kunststoffmaterial als Matrixmaterial des zumindest einen faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials vorgesehen ist und die Fasern des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials als Einleger (30) in zumindest einem Umspritzungsmaterial in Form zumindest eines thermoplastischen Prepregs vorgesehen sind, wobei Faserlagen im Prepreg zwei- oder dreidimensionale textile Verstärkungsstrukturen in dem thermoplastischen Kunststoff-Matrixmaterial umfassen.Catch arm (1) for a door arrester unit (100), in particular a vehicle door, with at least one elongate body (16) with at least one catch arm head (13) arranged at its first end (12) as an end stop element and at least one on its second End (14) arranged opening (15) for articulated pivoting relative to a bearing (105) on which the catch arm (1) is mounted, the catch arm (1) at least partially consisting of at least one fiber-reinforced (18, 19, 20, 25, 28,29,32) plastic material is formed,
characterized in that
the fibers of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic matrix are continuous fibers, at least one thermoplastic plastic material is provided as the matrix material of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic material and the fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic material are provided as inlays (30) in at least one encapsulation material in the form of at least one thermoplastic prepreg, fiber layers in the Prepreg comprise two- or three-dimensional textile reinforcement structures in the thermoplastic plastic matrix material.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine durchgehende Lastaufnahme vom ersten Ende (12) des Fangarms (1) zu dessen zweiten Ende (14) durch lastpfadgerechte Ablage der Fasern im Einleger (30) vorgesehen ist.Tentacle (1) according to claim 1,
characterized in that
A continuous load absorption from the first end (12) of the catch arm (1) to the second end (14) thereof is provided by the fibers being deposited in the insert (30) in accordance with the load path.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Fasern (18,25,29,32) des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials in Richtung der Hauptbelastung des Fangarms (1) orientiert sind.Tentacle (1) according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the fibers (18, 25, 29, 32) of the fiber-reinforced plastic material are oriented in the direction of the main load on the tentacle (1).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zumindest ein Organoblech (23) als ein Faserverbundmaterial oder Fasern in Form eines Textils ein Metallelement umschlingend vorgesehen sind, insbesondere ein umlaufendes Faserband einen Metallstift zum Ausbilden des Fangarm-Kopfs umschlingtCatch arm (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
at least one organic sheet (23) is provided as a fiber composite material or fibers in the form of a textile wrapping around a metal element, in particular a circumferential sliver wraps around a metal pin to form the tentacle head
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
Langfasern im Einleger (30) oder Kurzfasern im Umspritzungsmaterial vorgesehen sind und/oder Fasermatten mit Kunststoff zusammen verpresst sind zum Ausbilden des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterials.Catch arm (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
Long fibers are provided in the insert (30) or short fibers in the encapsulation material and / or fiber mats are pressed together with plastic to form the fiber-reinforced plastic material.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die zwei- oder dreidimensionalen textilen Verstärkungsstrukturen Faserlagen im Prepreg sind, welche Faserlagen ausgebreitete Rovings oder Flächengebilde, wie Gewebe, Gewirke, Gelege, als mehrdimensionale textile Verstärkungsstrukturen umfassen.Tentacle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the two- or three-dimensional textile reinforcement structures are fiber layers in the prepreg, which fiber layers comprise rovings or flat structures, such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, laid fabrics, as multi-dimensional textile reinforcement structures.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
im Bereich des Fangarm-Kopfes (13) eine zusätzliche Faserorientierung zu der oder zumindest eine andere Faserorientierung als im Bereich des länglichen Fangarm-Körpers (16) des Fangarms (1) vorgesehen ist.Catch arm (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
in the area of the tentacle head (13) there is an additional fiber orientation to or at least a different fiber orientation than in the area of the elongated tentacle body (16) of the tentacle (1).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Fangarm-Kopf (13) aus zumindest einem Faserverbundeinleger durch Verdrehen von diesem um einen Verdrehwinkel, insbesondere einen Verdrehwinkel von 90°, gebildet ist.Catch arm (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the catch arm head (13) is formed from at least one fiber composite insert by rotating it by an angle of rotation, in particular an angle of rotation of 90 °.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Fangarm-Kopf (13) aus zumindest einem Faserverbundeinleger (30) durch Auffächern des Faserverbundeinlegers oder durch Auffächern und Verbinden des Faserverbundeinlegers (30) mit weiteren Materiallagen gebildet ist.Catch arm (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the tentacle head (13) consists of at least one fiber composite insert (30) by fanning out the fiber composite insert or by fanning out and Connecting the fiber composite insert (30) with other layers of material is formed.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Fangarm-Kopf (13) durch zumindest ein Metallelement (22,33) gebildet ist, insbesondere zumindest ein plattenförmiges (22) und/oder stiftförmiges (33) Metallelement, oder ein solches, insbesondere in Form zumindest eines Einlegers (30), aufweist, insbesondere das Metallelement (22) mit zumindest einem Faserband (23) verbunden ist, insbesondere das Metallelement (22) von zumindest einem Organoblech (23) umschlungen ist.Catch arm (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the tentacle head (13) is formed by at least one metal element (22, 33), in particular at least one plate-shaped (22) and / or pin-shaped (33) metal element, or has one, in particular in the form of at least one insert (30) , in particular the metal element (22) is connected to at least one sliver (23), in particular the metal element (22) is wrapped in at least one organic sheet (23).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Öffnung (15) am zweiten Ende (14) des Fangarms (1) zum Verstärken mit zumindest einer Hülse oder Buchse (16) aus zumindest einem stabilen Material, insbesondere zumindest einer Metallhülse und/oder einer aus Fasern gewickelten Buchse, versehen ist und/oder zum Verstärken die Öffnung (15) umstickt ist und/oder Fasern um die Öffnung (15) herum abgelegt sind, insbesondere die Öffnung (15) umschlingend oder dieser ausweichend, und/oder die Öffnung durch Durchstoßen unter Verwendung eines warmen Dorns gefertigt ist zum Vermeiden von Faserunterbrechungen im Bereich der Öffnung (15).Catch arm (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the opening (15) at the second end (14) of the catch arm (1) for reinforcement is provided with at least one sleeve or bush (16) made of at least one stable material, in particular at least one metal sleeve and / or a bush wound from fibers, and / or for reinforcement the opening (15) is embroidered and / or fibers are deposited around the opening (15), in particular wrapping around the opening (15) or evasive, and / or the opening is made by piercing using a warm mandrel for Avoiding fiber interruptions in the area of the opening (15).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zumindest einer Verstärkungslage entlang der Längserstreckung des . Fangarms (1) angeordnet und in Form zumindest eines geschlossenen umlaufenden Bandes (32) ausgebildet ist.Catch arm (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
at least one reinforcement layer along the longitudinal extent of the. Catch arm (1) arranged and in the form of at least one closed circumferential band (32).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der zumindest eine Fangarm (1) ein Fangarm (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche ist.Door arrester unit (100) with at least one catch arm (1), at least one latching element (102) which is supported on the catch arm (1), at least one housing (101), the latching element (102), in particular a locking rocker arm or a pressure element is movably mounted in or on the housing (101) and the catch arm (1) extends through at least part of the housing (101) and is articulated (104, 105),
characterized in that
the at least one tentacle (1) is a tentacle (1) according to one of the preceding claims.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Fahrzeugseitentüren über jeweils zumindest eine Türfeststeller-Einheit (100) nach Anspruch 13 mit zumindest einem Fangarm (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 mit der Fahrzeugkarosserie verbindbar oder verbunden sind.Vehicle with a vehicle body and at least two vehicle side doors,
characterized in that
the vehicle side doors are connectable or connected to the vehicle body via at least one door arrester unit (100) according to claim 13 with at least one catch arm (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18000515 | 2018-06-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3581743A1 true EP3581743A1 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
Family
ID=62712702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19000288.1A Pending EP3581743A1 (en) | 2018-06-12 | 2019-06-12 | Catch arm for a door check unit, door check unit with catch arm, vehicle door with door check unit, as well as vehicle with vehicle side doors with door check unit |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11441342B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3581743A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110593683B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016106826A1 (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-19 | Edscha Engineering Gmbh | A door stay |
KR102526162B1 (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2023-04-27 | 김동욱 | Deadbolt for door lock |
CN117416063B (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-05 | 浙江航引新材料科技有限公司 | Composite material reinforcing rib preform and preparation method thereof |
Citations (11)
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JPS6143541A (en) * | 1984-08-06 | 1986-03-03 | Mazda Motor Corp | Manufacture of frp parts |
GB2229668A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1990-10-03 | Aisin Seiki | Moulding a lever |
WO1999052703A1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-21 | Rcc Regional Compact Car Ag | Structural component consisting of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic plastic |
GB2355489A (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-04-25 | Bloxwich Automotive Ltd | Plastic link for a door check |
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DE202006020603U1 (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2009-03-12 | Ise Automotive Gmbh | Door retainers for motor vehicles |
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WO2015188259A1 (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-17 | Warren Industries Ltd. | Composite check arm for vehicle door |
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US6901634B2 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2005-06-07 | Ventra Group Inc. | Door check device with insert molded roller |
CN203201328U (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-09-18 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile door limiting stopper and automobile |
CN205012812U (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2016-02-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Automobile door limiting stopper and automobile |
-
2019
- 2019-06-07 US US16/434,269 patent/US11441342B2/en active Active
- 2019-06-12 EP EP19000288.1A patent/EP3581743A1/en active Pending
- 2019-06-12 CN CN201910503827.7A patent/CN110593683B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
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JPS6143541A (en) * | 1984-08-06 | 1986-03-03 | Mazda Motor Corp | Manufacture of frp parts |
GB2229668A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1990-10-03 | Aisin Seiki | Moulding a lever |
WO1999052703A1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-21 | Rcc Regional Compact Car Ag | Structural component consisting of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic plastic |
GB2355489A (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-04-25 | Bloxwich Automotive Ltd | Plastic link for a door check |
DE10025185C2 (en) | 2000-05-20 | 2002-12-19 | Edscha Ag | Ball pressure slider door check |
DE10062274B4 (en) | 2000-12-14 | 2004-05-27 | Edscha Ag | A door stay |
DE10251174B4 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2009-09-03 | Edscha Ag | A door stay |
DE202006020603U1 (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2009-03-12 | Ise Automotive Gmbh | Door retainers for motor vehicles |
WO2008063398A2 (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2008-05-29 | The Boeing Company | Method, system and apparatus to produce a composite item based on a layup of sheet molding materials and organized fiber structure prepreg |
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WO2015188259A1 (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-17 | Warren Industries Ltd. | Composite check arm for vehicle door |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN110593683B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
US20190376327A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 |
US11441342B2 (en) | 2022-09-13 |
CN110593683A (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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