EP3579253B1 - Chain assembly for a high or very high voltage overhead electric line - Google Patents
Chain assembly for a high or very high voltage overhead electric line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3579253B1 EP3579253B1 EP18175766.7A EP18175766A EP3579253B1 EP 3579253 B1 EP3579253 B1 EP 3579253B1 EP 18175766 A EP18175766 A EP 18175766A EP 3579253 B1 EP3579253 B1 EP 3579253B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- protective
- end fitting
- fitting
- chain assembly
- ring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
- H01B17/46—Means for providing an external arc-discharge path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/02—Suspension insulators; Strain insulators
- H01B17/06—Fastening of insulator to support, to conductor, or to adjoining insulator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/32—Single insulators consisting of two or more dissimilar insulating bodies
- H01B17/325—Single insulators consisting of two or more dissimilar insulating bodies comprising a fibre-reinforced insulating core member
Definitions
- the invention relates to a chain arrangement for a high or extra-high voltage overhead line, comprising a long-rod insulator with an insulating core made of fiber-reinforced plastic and at least one end fitting and an arrangement for dissipating surge voltages with at least one protective fitting.
- the at least one protective fitting is attached to the at least one end fitting of the long-rod insulator.
- long-rod insulators are used in particular to support the conductors of overhead lines. On the one hand, they create a mechanical connection between the respective overhead line mast and the respective conductor cable. On the other hand, they insulate the conductor cable electrically from the overhead line pylon.
- Long-rod insulators usually have a circular-cylindrical insulating core that is mechanically connected to end fittings at both ends. As a rule, the insulating core is surrounded by a sheathing that has a shielded outer shape, resulting in a long creepage path along the outside of the insulator.
- the umbrellas are also usually designed in such a way that the underside of the umbrellas remains as dry as possible when it rains.
- the long-rod insulators have a certain specified length, which results from the desired electrical properties, e.g. B. in relation to the possibility of rollover results.
- the distance between the lower edge of the grounded mast-side part at the top and the live rope-side part at the bottom is relevant here.
- Long rod insulators are each part of a chain arrangement.
- this includes in particular mast-side fastening elements, a carrier device for the conductor cable and, if necessary, a connecting element for a weight unit.
- the elements of the chain assembly are connected to each other by suitable connecting elements, such as those conforming to international standards such as IEC 60471/19L.
- Chain arrangements for high-voltage lines typically with voltages in the 50-150 kV range
- extra-high-voltage lines typically with voltages in the 220-400 kV range
- protective fittings form, for example, a defined spark gap for dissipating overvoltages, such as those that occur in particular when lightning strikes. This largely prevents the dissipation from taking place via the insulator.
- an arc between the mast and the cable should be kept away from the insulating core and its possible sheathing and extinguished by an appropriate geometry and materialization of the protective fitting.
- Protective fittings often comprise two similarly or identically designed parts, which are fitted above the actual insulator (i.e. on the pylon side) and below the actual insulator (i.e. on the rope side). Fastening by means of separate elements that are fastened above and below the long-rod insulator is typical. These separate elements have some axial extent and thus add to the overall length of the chain assembly.
- long-rod insulators were made of ceramic materials.
- Long-rod insulators with a core made of fiber-reinforced plastic e.g. B. glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFI ⁇ )
- GFI ⁇ glass fiber reinforced plastic
- the insulating core of such insulators is not cemented into the corresponding end fitting, but is typically clamped or pressed. Due to the greater axial extent of the press or clamp connection compared to the adhesive connection, this usually means that the overall length of a long-rod insulator with a core made of fiber-reinforced plastic is greater than the overall length of an I ⁇ eramil ⁇ long-rod insulator with corresponding electrical properties .
- a greater length is also disadvantageous because it is associated with a greater pivoting range, and thus with a reduction in the minimum distance between the conductor cable and the mast shaft.
- I ⁇ ette arrangements are known in which there are no separate elements above and below the long-rod insulator for attaching the protective fittings.
- EP 0 038 475 A2 Arl Pfisterer Elektrotechnische Spezialartil GmbH & Co. KG ) an end fitting for an insulator with a core made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFI ⁇ ).
- GFI ⁇ glass fiber reinforced plastic
- the housing of the end fitting, the bracing element serves as a support for a shielding ring, which is formed by a thickened edge of a funnel.
- the shielding ring is integrally connected to the housing in the direction of the opposite end fitting.
- the DE 30 14 600 A1 (I ⁇ arl Pfisterer Elektrotechnische Spezialartil ⁇ el GmbH & Co. KG ) relates to a connection fitting for an insulator rod made of glass fiber reinforced plastic with a clamping device matched to the outer diameter of the rod. At a certain length, the fitting should enable a significantly higher holding force than previously known fittings.
- An additional clamping device is used for this purpose, which is designed for a smaller outside diameter of the bar than the usual clamping device.
- the clamping elements are preferably made up of at least two clamping cones, which have a weakened zone, e.g. B. an annular groove are connected to each other.
- the end section of the insulator rod is reduced to the inner diameter of the corresponding clamping cone.
- a guard ring is formed by the reinforced rim of a bell, the bell being clamped onto the cup-like portion of the end fitting via a hollow cylindrical hub portion slotted longitudinally.
- the GB834,085 describes an insulator for high voltage lines with which a line can be fixed to a pole and which has arcing horns.
- the object of the invention is therefore to create a chain arrangement belonging to the technical field mentioned at the outset, which has a reduced susceptibility to faults in the event of overvoltages, while fulfilling the electrical requirements and having a minimum length.
- the at least one protective fitting is fastened in an end-side axial area of the at least one end fitting, outside of a connection area between the insulating core and the end fitting.
- connection area between the insulating core and the end fitting means that there is a first axial area (dissipation area), which is defined by the conductive connection between the protective fitting and the end fitting, and a second axial area (core area), which is defined by the expansion of the insulating core into the end fitting is determined, do not intersect axially.
- first axial area dissipation area
- core area second axial area
- the fiber-reinforced plastic is, in particular, glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFI ⁇ ). But there are also insulation from other fiber-reinforced plastics such.
- GFI ⁇ glass fiber-reinforced plastic
- B. carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFI ⁇ ) can be used.
- the long-rod insulator comprises two end fittings, one being arranged at each end of the insulating core.
- the chain arrangement also includes two protective fittings, one being attached to each end fitting.
- the protective fitting is in particular made of galvanized steel, but designs made of other metallic materials or another material with sufficient conductivity and mechanical stability are also possible.
- the protective fitting can also be composed of parts made of different materials.
- the chain assembly may further include a jacket surrounding the insulating core as described above.
- the protective fitting comprises a fastening element which can be attached to the end fitting.
- This allows attachment to commercially available long rod insulators.
- the geometry of the fastening element is specifically adapted to the external geometry of the corresponding end fittings, and/or it can be adapted to the external geometry of the end fittings within a certain range.
- This has the advantage that available long-rod insulators can easily be equipped with protective fittings.
- the protective fittings attached by means of the fastening element can be easily replaced, e.g. B. after an arcing event.
- the fastening element can be formed in one piece with the actual protective fitting, but it can also be present as a separate element which is connected to the actual protective fitting in a suitable manner, e.g. B. welded and / or screwed.
- the fastening element can be designed in one or more parts.
- the fastening element preferably comprises a receptacle in which a region of the end fitting can be accommodated with a suitable fit. This enables a mechanically stable fastening of the protective fitting with a large electrical contact area between the fastening element and the end fitting.
- the receptacle is preferably designed in such a way that the received area lies completely outside the connection area between the insulating core and the end fitting.
- the receptacle can include an area that tapers at the end, which interacts with a taper of the end fitting.
- a stop is also possible, which interacts with the front free end of the end fitting.
- the receptacle is formed by two half-shells.
- the half-shells allow a large-scale attachment with simultaneous Adaptability to slightly different geometries, e.g. B. due to thermal effects or manufacturing tolerances. For this purpose, in particular the mutual distance between the two half-shells is changed slightly.
- Such a design also guarantees the coaxial alignment between the protective fitting and the insulating core, regardless of the position of the insulating core, particularly when it is deflected.
- a symmetrical arrangement of two half-shells, which largely surround the end fitting (preferably at least 70% of the circumference) ensures that currents that arise when dissipating overvoltages and short circuits are diverted axially downwards as far as possible from the half-shells via the outer areas of the housing of the end fitting become. Radial currents through the interior of the end fitting, which could damage the insulating core, are minimized.
- the at least one end fitting has a first through-opening
- the fastening element comprises a second through-opening, so that a bolt-like element is guided through the first and second through-openings to connect the fastening element to the end fitting.
- bolts, screws, threaded rods, etc. come into consideration as bolt-like elements.
- the bolt-like element preferably has a head, which is supported on a first side on the fastening element and/or the end fitting, and a counterpart, which is supported on a second side on the fastening element and/or the end fitting.
- the bolt also serves to connect the end fitting to the following element (e.g. a holding device for the conductor cable) together.
- the bolt has the task of creating a reliable electrical connection between the protective fitting and the subsequent element. High currents can thus be discharged largely independently of the end fitting.
- the combination of a fastening element with two half-shells and the connection with the bolt-like element is particularly preferred.
- the head of the bolt-like element is located outside a first of the half-shells. The element passes through this first half-shell, then the end fitting and finally the second half-shell in the corresponding through-openings. On the outside of the second half-shell, the bolt-like element then has a counterpart, which secures the element together with the head against slipping out.
- the protective fitting is in particular a protective ring.
- Such protective rings ensure that no corona discharges occur in the interior of the ring, which could damage the long-rod insulator. Analogously to a Faraday cage, they shield the interior space defined by the protective ring or protective rings. This avoids peak discharges on elements of the long-rod insulator.
- the protective ring does not necessarily have to be a closed ring.
- the ring can be interrupted and have two free ends, in particular for the defined discharge of overvoltages between two correspondingly designed protective rings.
- the protective ring When the protective ring is fastened by means of a fastening element with two half-shells, the protective ring preferably comprises a ring element which is connected to each of the half-shells via an arm in each case. This results in a mechanically stable attachment and a defined and even discharge of overvoltages from the ring element via the arms and the fastening element into the end fitting and the subsequent element.
- the invention can also be implemented with other protective fittings, e.g. B. with protective horns or protective bells.
- the protective fittings can each be attached one or more times at both ends or only on one side - depending on the protective function and needs.
- a press connection is formed between the insulating core and the end fitting in the connection area.
- Such connections have proven to be well suited for insulating tubes made of fiber-reinforced plastic.
- the invention can also be implemented with long-rod insulators in which the insulating core is connected to the end fitting in a different way, e.g. B. via an adhesive connection or a screw connection.
- the chain arrangement comprises two protective fittings of the same design, each of which is fastened to one of two end fittings.
- the use of protective fittings of the same design results in reduced storage costs because different components do not have to be kept on hand for both sides.
- FIGS. 1A, 1B show two side views of an installed chain arrangement 100 according to the invention.
- the arrangement shown is designed for an operating voltage of 145 kV.
- the chain arrangement 100 includes a long-rod insulator 110 with a glass fiber insulating core.
- the insulator is below, in connection with the figure 3 described in more detail.
- the chain arrangement 100 further comprises two protective rings 150 which are attached to the upper and lower ends of the long-rod insulator 110 in a mirror-inverted manner. They will be discussed below, in connection with the figure 2 described in more detail.
- the chain assembly 100 is suspended from an overhead power line pylon (not shown) by a steel hanger 10 known per se.
- a double strap 20 made of steel is attached at the lower end of the chain arrangement 100, namely at the lower end fitting 130 of the long-rod insulator 110.
- a suspension clamp 30 made of aluminum and steel is added, which carries the conductor cable 1 of the overhead line.
- a protective spiral 35 made of aluminum is arranged between the suspension clamp 30 and the conductor cable 1 in a manner known per se.
- a fork link 40 made of steel is attached, which carries a weight unit 50 .
- the minimum breaking load of the entire chain arrangement is 120 kN.
- the fork connection dimensions correspond to the standard IEC 60471/19L.
- the steel parts are each hot-dip galvanized.
- the length a of the chain arrangement (measured from the upper connection axis to the hanging device to the lower connection axis to the double strap) is 1504 mm.
- the length b between the suspension device and the cable suspension point is 1700 mm.
- the Figures 2A, 2B show two side views of the protection ring of the chain assembly
- the Figure 2C shows a plan view of the guard ring.
- the guard ring 150 is made of steel. It comprises the actual ring 152, the fastening element 160 and two arms 154, 156 connecting the ring 152 and the fastening element 160, which are welded at their ends to the ring 152 and to the fastening element 160, respectively.
- the ring 152 is not closed in itself, but ends in two end horns 152a, 152b, which are bent at an angle of 10° to the ring main part and which each have a spherical end part at their end.
- the two guard rings 150 of the chain assembly 100 are arranged such that the spherical end portions face away from each other.
- a defined path for discharging overvoltages is formed, which extends from the terminating parts of the end horns 152a, 152b on one side of the long-rod insulator 110 to the terminating parts of the end horns 152a, 152b on the other side of the long-rod insulator 110.
- the two protective rings 150 electrically shield the main part of the long-rod insulator 110 . The result is a lightning withstand voltage of 660 kV.
- the fastening element 160 comprises two half-shells 162, 164. They each have a U-shaped cross section and are arranged in mirror images facing one another, so that they define a receiving space between them.
- a bolt 170 made of steel runs through aligned through-openings in the two half-shells 162, 164.
- the arms 154, 156 extend from the ring 152 initially perpendicular to the plane defined by the ring body. After a straight section, they follow a 90° arc and are welded to one of the half-shells 162, 164 at their end opposite the ring 152.
- FIG. 12 shows a vertical cross-section through an end portion of the insulator and the guard ring attachment member, taken along line AA in Fig Figure 2C .
- the long-rod insulator 110 includes an insulating core 120 made of high-strength glass fiber reinforced plastic, which is surrounded by the end fitting 130 at its end.
- the insulating core 120 is in its central area, which extends over approx. 90% of the length of the insulator, surrounded by a shielded jacket 132 of silicone material.
- the screens result in a creepage distance of 3,870 mm.
- the rod which forms the ring 152 of the protective ring is located in the cross section shown to the side of the end fitting 130, approximately at the level of the outer end of the casing 132.
- the fastening element 160 with the two half-shells 162, 164 encloses a fork-like end section of the end fitting 130. It does not extend into the connection area between the end fitting and the insulating core (cf. the dashed line). Both the fastening element 160 and a connecting part of the double link 20 are fastened to the end fitting 130 by means of a bolt 170 .
- the bolt 170 has a bolt head 172 and, on the opposite side, a snap-on retaining ring 174 so that it is secured against slipping out of the end fitting 130 .
- the bolt 170 not only serves to mechanically fasten the fastening element 160 to the end fitting 130, it also ensures the correct axial positioning and rotational position of the protective fitting 150 relative to the long-rod insulator 110. It also conducts a significant proportion of the leakage current from the fastening element 160 to the connecting part of the double strap 20.
- the fastening element 160 with the two half-shells 162, 164 is pushed axially onto the end section of the end fitting 130 from the outside. Then the connecting part of the double strap 20 is pushed into the fork-like end section of the end fitting 130 . Finally, the bolt 170 is pushed in and secured.
- the existing bolt When retrofitting an existing long-rod insulator, the existing bolt is removed and replaced by a longer model so that the two half-shells can also be accommodated between the bolt head and the opposite retaining ring.
- spacers for attaching protective fittings between the long-rod insulator and the respective fastening part can be saved.
- there is a length reduction of 120 mm for each intermediate piece saved which means 240 mm for protective fittings arranged on both sides.
- Typical I ⁇ ette arrangements with long-rod insulators with a GRP core are approx. 220 mm longer than corresponding arrangements with I ⁇ eramil ⁇ insulators. This additional length can thus be compensated in the case of attachment on both sides according to the solution according to the invention. There is even a certain reduction in the overall length.
- the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment.
- other types of protective fittings can also be attached to the end fitting in the manner according to the invention. If necessary, only one protective fitting is present.
- the geometry of the fastening part can differ from that of the exemplary embodiment.
- the half-shells can be shaped differently, or instead of half-shells, a one-piece receptacle is used, which optionally includes flexible sections.
- the fastening part can be fixed to the end fitting by another element instead of the bolt or in addition to the bolt, e.g. B. a clamping mechanism. In this case, the positioning can be ensured by other means, in particular stop means.
- the long-rod insulator shown is only to be understood as an example. With a different geometry of the end fitting and/or a different expansion of the Isolating core in the end fitting also results in a different geometry of the fastening part.
- the invention creates a chain arrangement which has a reduced susceptibility to faults in the event of overvoltages, while meeting the electrical requirements and having a minimum length.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kettenanordnung für eine Hoch- oder Höchstspannungs-Freileitung, umfassend einen Langstabisolator mit einem Isolierkern aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff sowie mindestens einer Endarmatur und eine Anordnung zur Überspannungsableitung mit mindestens einer Schutzarmatur. Dabei ist die mindestens eine Schutzarmatur an der mindestens einen Endarmatur des Langstabisolators befestigt.The invention relates to a chain arrangement for a high or extra-high voltage overhead line, comprising a long-rod insulator with an insulating core made of fiber-reinforced plastic and at least one end fitting and an arrangement for dissipating surge voltages with at least one protective fitting. The at least one protective fitting is attached to the at least one end fitting of the long-rod insulator.
So genannte Langstabisolatoren werden insbesondere eingesetzt, um die Leiterseile von Freileitungen zu tragen. Sie schaffen einerseits eine mechanische Verbindung zwischen dem jeweiligen Freileitungsmast und dem jeweiligen Leiterseil. Andererseits isolieren sie das Leiterseil elektrisch vom Freileitungsmast. Langstabisolatoren umfassen einen in der Regel kreiszylindrischen Isolierkern, der an beiden Enden mechanisch fest mit Endarmaturen verbunden ist. In der Regel ist der Isolierkern von einer Ummantelung umgeben, welche eine geschirmte Aussenform aufweist, so dass sich ein langer Kriechweg entlang der Isolatorenaussenseite ergibt. Die Schirme sind zudem in der Regel so gestaltet, dass die Unterseite der Schirme bei Regenfall möglichst trocken bleibt.So-called long-rod insulators are used in particular to support the conductors of overhead lines. On the one hand, they create a mechanical connection between the respective overhead line mast and the respective conductor cable. On the other hand, they insulate the conductor cable electrically from the overhead line pylon. Long-rod insulators usually have a circular-cylindrical insulating core that is mechanically connected to end fittings at both ends. As a rule, the insulating core is surrounded by a sheathing that has a shielded outer shape, resulting in a long creepage path along the outside of the insulator. The umbrellas are also usually designed in such a way that the underside of the umbrellas remains as dry as possible when it rains.
Die Langstabisolatoren haben eine gewisse vorgegebene Länge, welche sich aus den gewünschten elektrischen Eigenschaften, z. B. in Bezug auf die Möglichkeit von Überschlägen, ergibt. Relevant ist dabei die Distanz zwischen dem unteren Rand des geerdeten mastseitigen Teils oben und dem spannungsführenden seilseitigen Teil unten.The long-rod insulators have a certain specified length, which results from the desired electrical properties, e.g. B. in relation to the possibility of rollover results. The distance between the lower edge of the grounded mast-side part at the top and the live rope-side part at the bottom is relevant here.
Langstabisolatoren sind jeweils Teil einer Kettenanordnung. Diese umfasst nebst dem Isolator insbesondere mastseitige Befestigungselemente, eine Trägervorrichtung für das Leiterseil und gegebenenfalls ein Verbindungselement für eine Gewichtseinheit. Die Elemente der Kettenanordnung sind durch geeignete Verbindungselemente miteinander verbunden, etwa solche, die internationalen Standards wie beispielsweise dem IEC 60471/19L entsprechen.Long rod insulators are each part of a chain arrangement. In addition to the insulator, this includes in particular mast-side fastening elements, a carrier device for the conductor cable and, if necessary, a connecting element for a weight unit. The elements of the chain assembly are connected to each other by suitable connecting elements, such as those conforming to international standards such as IEC 60471/19L.
Kettenanordnungen für Hochspannungsleitungen (typischerweise mit Spannungen im Bereich 50-150 kV) bzw. Höchstspannungsleitungen (typischerweise mit Spannungen im Bereich 220-400 kV) sind zudem oft mit so genannten Schutzarmaturen ausgestattet. Diese bilden beispielsweise eine definierte Funkenstrecke zur Ableitung von Überspannungen, wie sie insbesondere bei Blitzschlägen auftreten. Dadurch wird weitgehend vermieden, dass die Ableitung über den Isolator erfolgt. Ferner soll ein Lichtbogen zwischen Mast und Leitung durch eine entsprechende Geometrie und Materialisierung der Schutzarmatur vom Isolierkern und dessen allfälliger Ummantelung ferngehalten und zum Verlöschen gebracht werden.Chain arrangements for high-voltage lines (typically with voltages in the 50-150 kV range) or extra-high-voltage lines (typically with voltages in the 220-400 kV range) are also often equipped with so-called protective fittings. These form, for example, a defined spark gap for dissipating overvoltages, such as those that occur in particular when lightning strikes. This largely prevents the dissipation from taking place via the insulator. Furthermore, an arc between the mast and the cable should be kept away from the insulating core and its possible sheathing and extinguished by an appropriate geometry and materialization of the protective fitting.
Schutzarmaturen umfassen oft zwei ähnlich oder identisch ausgebildete Teile, welche oberhalb des eigentlichen Isolators (d. h. mastseitig) und unterhalb des eigentlichen Isolators (d. h. seilseitig) angebracht sind. Typisch ist eine Befestigung mittels separaten Elementen, die oberhalb und unterhalb am Langstabisolator befestigt werden. Diese separaten Elemente weisen eine gewisse axiale Ausdehnung auf und tragen somit zur Gesamtlänge der Kettenanordnung bei.Protective fittings often comprise two similarly or identically designed parts, which are fitted above the actual insulator (i.e. on the pylon side) and below the actual insulator (i.e. on the rope side). Fastening by means of separate elements that are fastened above and below the long-rod insulator is typical. These separate elements have some axial extent and thus add to the overall length of the chain assembly.
Herkömmlich wurden Langstabisolatoren aus keramischen Werkstoffen gefertigt. Seit einiger Zeit gewinnen Langstabisolatoren mit einem Kern aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff, z. B. glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff (GFI<), an Bedeutung. Der Isolierkern solcher Isolatoren ist im Gegensatz zu einem keramischen Kern nicht in die entsprechende Endarmatur einzementiert, sondern typischerweise geklemmt bzw. verpresst. Dies hat aufgrund der grösseren axialen Ausdehnung der Press- bzw. Klemmverbindung verglichen mit der Klebeverbindung in der Regel zur Folge, dass die Gesamtlänge eines Langstabisolators mit einem Kern aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff grösser ist als die Gesamtlänge eines I<eramil<-Langstabisolators mit entsprechenden elektrischen Eigenschaften.Traditionally, long-rod insulators were made of ceramic materials. Long-rod insulators with a core made of fiber-reinforced plastic, e.g. B. glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFI<), in importance. In contrast to a ceramic core, the insulating core of such insulators is not cemented into the corresponding end fitting, but is typically clamped or pressed. Due to the greater axial extent of the press or clamp connection compared to the adhesive connection, this usually means that the overall length of a long-rod insulator with a core made of fiber-reinforced plastic is greater than the overall length of an I<eramil< long-rod insulator with corresponding electrical properties .
Insbesondere bei der Nachrüstung bestehender Freileitungen mit neuen Isolatoren ergibt sich somit das Problem, dass sich der Abstand zwischen dem Befestigungspunkt am Mast und dem Leiterseil vergrössert. Dies ist oftmals nicht zulässig oder zumindest nicht erwünscht, weil dadurch die Leiterseile nach der Nachrüstung tiefer hängen, was im darunterliegenden Bodenbereich höhere Feldstärken nicht-ionisierender Strahlung zur Folge haben kann.In particular when retrofitting existing overhead lines with new insulators, the problem arises that the distance between the attachment point on the mast and the conductor cable increases. This is often not permissible or at least not desired, because it means that the conductor cables will hang lower after retrofitting, which can result in higher field strengths of non-ionizing radiation in the ground area below.
Nachteilig ist eine grössere Länge auch deshalb, weil sie mit einem grösseren Schwenkbereich einhergeht, damit mit einer Reduktion des Minimalabstands des Leiterseils zum Mastschaft.A greater length is also disadvantageous because it is associated with a greater pivoting range, and thus with a reduction in the minimum distance between the conductor cable and the mast shaft.
Es sind I<ettenanordnungen bekannt, bei welchen auf separate Elemente oberhalb und unterhalb des Langstabisolators zur Anbringung der Schutzarmaturen verzichtet wird.I<ette arrangements are known in which there are no separate elements above and below the long-rod insulator for attaching the protective fittings.
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Die
Die
Bei diesen Kettenanordnungen kann es passieren, dass die Ableitung einer Überspannung zumindest teilweise auch im Bereich erfolgt, welcher unmittelbar an den Isolierkern angrenzt. Dies kann Schäden am Isolierkern zur Folge haben, welche einen Austausch des Isolators erfordern.With these chain arrangements, it can happen that an overvoltage is discharged at least partially in the area that is directly adjacent to the insulating core. This can result in damage to the insulator core, requiring insulator replacement.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es somit, eine dem eingangs genannten technischen Gebiet zugehörende Kettenanordnung zu schaffen, welche eine verringerte Störungsanfälligkeit bei Überspannungen hat, dabei die elektrischen Anforderungen erfüllt und eine minimale Länge aufweist.The object of the invention is therefore to create a chain arrangement belonging to the technical field mentioned at the outset, which has a reduced susceptibility to faults in the event of overvoltages, while fulfilling the electrical requirements and having a minimum length.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe ist durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 definiert. Gemäss der Erfindung erfolgt die Befestigung der mindestens einen Schutzarmatur in einem endseitigen axialen Bereich der mindestens einen Endarmatur, ausserhalb eines Verbindungsbereichs zwischen Isolierkern und Endarmatur.The solution to the problem is defined by the features of
Ausserhalb des Verbindungsbereichs zwischen Isolierkern und Endarmatur bedeutet dabei, dass sich ein erster axialer Bereich (Ableitungsbereich), welcher durch die leitende Verbindung zwischen Schutzarmatur und Endarmatur definiert wird, und ein zweiter axialer Bereich (Kernbereich), welcher durch die Ausdehnung des Isolierkerns in die Endarmatur bestimmt wird, axial nicht überschneiden. Zwischen den Bereichen kann ein Abstand vorhanden sein, oder sie grenzen unmittelbar aneinander an.Outside the connection area between the insulating core and the end fitting means that there is a first axial area (dissipation area), which is defined by the conductive connection between the protective fitting and the end fitting, and a second axial area (core area), which is defined by the expansion of the insulating core into the end fitting is determined, do not intersect axially. There may be a gap between the areas or they may be immediately adjacent to each other.
Beim faserverstärkten Kunststoff handelt es sich insbesondere um glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoff (GFI<). Es sind aber auch Isolierl<erne aus anderen faserverstärkten Kunststoffen wie z. B. kohlenstofffaserverstärktem Kunststoff (CFI<) einsetzbar.The fiber-reinforced plastic is, in particular, glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFI<). But there are also insulation from other fiber-reinforced plastics such. B. carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFI <) can be used.
Der Langstabisolator umfasst insbesondere zwei Endarmaturen, wobei je eine an jedem Ende des Isolierkerns angeordnet ist. Insbesondere umfasst die Kettenanordnung zudem zwei Schutzarmaturen, wobei je eine an jeder Endarmatur befestigt ist.In particular, the long-rod insulator comprises two end fittings, one being arranged at each end of the insulating core. In particular, the chain arrangement also includes two protective fittings, one being attached to each end fitting.
Die Schutzarmatur ist insbesondere aus galvanisiertem Stahl ausgebildet, es sind aber auch Ausführungen aus anderen metallischen Werkstoffen oder einem anderen Material mit ausreichender Leitfähigkeit und mechanischer Stabilität möglich. Die Schutzarmatur kann auch aus Teilen unterschiedlichen Materials zusammengesetzt sein.The protective fitting is in particular made of galvanized steel, but designs made of other metallic materials or another material with sufficient conductivity and mechanical stability are also possible. The protective fitting can also be composed of parts made of different materials.
Die Kettenanordnung kann weiter eine Ummantelung aufweisen, die den Isolierkern wie oben beschrieben umgibt.The chain assembly may further include a jacket surrounding the insulating core as described above.
Die Befestigung der Schutzarmatur bzw. der Schutzarmaturen direkt an der Endarmatur bzw. den Endarmaturen ermöglicht eine verkürzte Ausführung der Kettenanordnung verglichen mit einer Kettenanordnung, bei welcher oberhalb und/oder unterhalb separate Elemente am Langstabisolator angeordnet sind. Durch die Befestigung ausserhalb des Verbindungsbereichs zwischen Isolierkern und Endarmatur wird gleichzeitig das Risiko einer Beschädigung des Isolierkerns gegenüber Anordnungen, bei welchen die Befestigung im Verbindungsbereich erfolgt, erheblich reduziert.Fastening the protective fitting or protective fittings directly to the end fitting or end fittings enables the chain arrangement to be shortened compared to a chain arrangement in which separate elements are arranged on the long-rod insulator above and/or below. At the same time, the risk is reduced by fastening outside the connection area between the insulating core and the end fitting damage to the insulating core is significantly reduced compared to arrangements in which the fastening takes place in the connection area.
Die Schutzarmatur umfasst ein Befestigungselement, welches an der Endarmatur anbringbar ist. Dies ermöglicht eine Anbringung an im Handel verfügbaren Langstabisolatoren. Die Geometrie des Befestigungselements ist dazu spezifisch an die Aussengeometrie der entsprechenden Endarmaturen angepasst, und/oder sie lässt sich an die Aussengeometrie der Endarmaturen in einem gewissen Bereich anpassen. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass verfügbare Langstabisolatoren auf einfache Weise mit den Schutzarmaturen ausrüstbar sind. Ferner lassen sich die mittels des Befestigungselements angebrachten Schutzarmaturen auf einfache Weise auswechseln, z. B. nach einem Lichtbogenereignis.The protective fitting comprises a fastening element which can be attached to the end fitting. This allows attachment to commercially available long rod insulators. For this purpose, the geometry of the fastening element is specifically adapted to the external geometry of the corresponding end fittings, and/or it can be adapted to the external geometry of the end fittings within a certain range. This has the advantage that available long-rod insulators can easily be equipped with protective fittings. Furthermore, the protective fittings attached by means of the fastening element can be easily replaced, e.g. B. after an arcing event.
Das Befestigungselement kann mit der eigentlichen Schutzarmatur einstückig ausgebildet sein, es kann aber auch als gesondertes Element vorliegen, welches mit der eigentlichen Schutzarmatur auf geeignete Weise verbunden ist, z. B. verschweisst und/oder verschraubt. Das Befestigungselement kann ein- oder mehrteilig ausgebildet sein. Vorzugsweise umfasst das Befestigungselement eine Aufnahme, in welcher ein Bereich der Endarmatur passend aufnehmbar ist. Dies ermöglicht eine mechanisch stabile Befestigung der Schutzarmatur mit einem grossflächigen elektrischen Kontaktbereich zwischen Befestigungselement und Endarmatur. Die Aufnahme ist bevorzugt so ausgebildet, dass der aufgenommene Bereich vollständig ausserhalb des Verbindungsbereichs zwischen Isolierkern und Endarmatur liegt. Die korrekte Positionierung wird mit Vorteil durch eine entsprechende Wahl der Geometrie und/oder Markierungen am Befestigungselement und/oder der Endarmatur sichergestellt. So kann beispielsweise die Aufnahme einen sich endseitig verjüngenden Bereich umfassen, welcher mit einer Verjüngung der Endarmatur zusammenwirkt. Ebenfalls möglich ist ein Anschlag, welcher mit dem stirnseitigen freien Ende der Endarmatur zusammenwirkt.The fastening element can be formed in one piece with the actual protective fitting, but it can also be present as a separate element which is connected to the actual protective fitting in a suitable manner, e.g. B. welded and / or screwed. The fastening element can be designed in one or more parts. The fastening element preferably comprises a receptacle in which a region of the end fitting can be accommodated with a suitable fit. This enables a mechanically stable fastening of the protective fitting with a large electrical contact area between the fastening element and the end fitting. The receptacle is preferably designed in such a way that the received area lies completely outside the connection area between the insulating core and the end fitting. Correct positioning is advantageously ensured by an appropriate choice of geometry and/or markings on the fastening element and/or the end fitting. For example, the receptacle can include an area that tapers at the end, which interacts with a taper of the end fitting. A stop is also possible, which interacts with the front free end of the end fitting.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Aufnahme durch zwei Halbschalen gebildet. Eine derartige Geometrie ermöglicht eine einfache und sichere Befestigung an der Endarmatur. Die Halbschalen ermöglichen eine grossflächige Anbringung bei gleichzeitiger Anpassbarkeit an geringfügig unterschiedliche Geometrien, z. B. aufgrund von thermischen Effekten oder Herstellungstoleranzen. Dazu wird insbesondere der gegenseitige Abstand der beiden Halbschalen geringfügig verändert. Auch garantiert eine solche Bauform die koaxiale Ausrichtung zwischen Schutzarmatur und Isolierkern, unabhängig von der Lage des Isolierkerns, insbesondere bei Auslenkung desselben.In a preferred embodiment, the receptacle is formed by two half-shells. Such a geometry enables simple and secure attachment to the end fitting. The half-shells allow a large-scale attachment with simultaneous Adaptability to slightly different geometries, e.g. B. due to thermal effects or manufacturing tolerances. For this purpose, in particular the mutual distance between the two half-shells is changed slightly. Such a design also guarantees the coaxial alignment between the protective fitting and the insulating core, regardless of the position of the insulating core, particularly when it is deflected.
Eine symmetrische Anordnung zweier Halbschalen, welche die Endarmatur weitgehend umgeben (bevorzugt zu mindestens 70 % des Umfangs) stellt sicher, dass Ströme, welche bei der Ableitung von Überspannungen und Kurzschlüssen entstehen, weitestgehend von den Halbschalen über Aussenbereiche des Gehäuses der Endarmatur axial nach unten abgeleitet werden. Radiale Ströme durch den Innenbereich der Endarmatur, welche zu Schäden am Isolierkern führen könnten, werden minimiert.A symmetrical arrangement of two half-shells, which largely surround the end fitting (preferably at least 70% of the circumference) ensures that currents that arise when dissipating overvoltages and short circuits are diverted axially downwards as far as possible from the half-shells via the outer areas of the housing of the end fitting become. Radial currents through the interior of the end fitting, which could damage the insulating core, are minimized.
Anstelle zweier Halbschalen sind auch andere Aufnahmen möglich, z. B. mit einem starren Käfig.Instead of two half-shells, other recordings are also possible, e.g. B. with a rigid cage.
Erfindungsgemäß weist die mindestens eine Endarmatur eine erste Durchgangsöffnung auf, und das Befestigungselement umfasst eine zweite Durchgangsöffnung, so dass zur Verbindung des Befestigungselements mit der Endarmatur ein bolzenartiges Element durch die erste und die zweite Durchgangsöffnung geführt ist. Dadurch ergibt sich eine sichere mechanische Befestigung der Schutzarmatur, wobei durch die eindeutige gegenseitige Positionierung der Durchgangsöffnungen auch die axiale Position des Befestigungselements relativ zur Endarmatur eindeutig vorgegeben ist. Je nach Geometrie der Endarmatur und des Befestigungselements lässt die Befestigung mittels Bolzen eine oder zwei Drehstellungen des Befestigungselements und damit der Endarmatur zu.According to the invention, the at least one end fitting has a first through-opening, and the fastening element comprises a second through-opening, so that a bolt-like element is guided through the first and second through-openings to connect the fastening element to the end fitting. This results in a secure mechanical fastening of the protective fitting, the axial position of the fastening element relative to the end fitting also being clearly specified by the clear mutual positioning of the passage openings. Depending on the geometry of the end fitting and the fastening element, fastening by means of bolts allows one or two rotational positions of the fastening element and thus of the end fitting.
Als bolzenartiges Element kommen insbesondere Bolzen, Schrauben, Gewindestangen usw. in Frage. Bevorzugt weist das bolzenartige Element einen Kopf auf, welcher sich auf einer ersten Seite auf dem Befestigungselement und/oder der Endarmatur abstützt, und ein Gegenstück, welches sich auf einer zweiten Seite auf dem Befestigungselement und/oder den Endarmatur abstützt.In particular, bolts, screws, threaded rods, etc. come into consideration as bolt-like elements. The bolt-like element preferably has a head, which is supported on a first side on the fastening element and/or the end fitting, and a counterpart, which is supported on a second side on the fastening element and/or the end fitting.
Der Bolzen dient auch zur Verbindung der Endarmatur mit dem nachfolgenden Element (z. B. einer Halteeinrichtung für das Leiterseil) zusammen. Dem Bolzen kommt dabei nebst seiner mechanischen Funktion die Aufgabe zu, eine zuverlässige elektrische Verbindung zwischen der Schutzarmatur und dem nachfolgenden Element zu schaffen. Hohe Ströme können so weitgehend unabhängig von der Endarmatur abgeleitet werden.The bolt also serves to connect the end fitting to the following element (e.g. a holding device for the conductor cable) together. In addition to its mechanical function, the bolt has the task of creating a reliable electrical connection between the protective fitting and the subsequent element. High currents can thus be discharged largely independently of the end fitting.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die Kombination eines Befestigungselements mit zwei Halbschalen und der Verbindung mit dem bolzenartigen Element. Dabei befindet sich der Kopf des bolzenartigen Elements ausserhalb einer ersten der Halbschalen. Das Element durchquert diese erste Halbschale, dann die Endarmatur und schliesslich die zweite Halbschale in den entsprechenden Durchgangsöffnungen. Auf der Aussenseite der zweiten Halbschale weist das bolzenartige Element dann ein Gegenstück auf, welches das Element zusammen mit dem Kopf gegen ein Herausrutschen sichert.The combination of a fastening element with two half-shells and the connection with the bolt-like element is particularly preferred. The head of the bolt-like element is located outside a first of the half-shells. The element passes through this first half-shell, then the end fitting and finally the second half-shell in the corresponding through-openings. On the outside of the second half-shell, the bolt-like element then has a counterpart, which secures the element together with the head against slipping out.
Bei der Schutzarmatur handelt es sich insbesondere um einen Schutzring. Derartige Schutzringe stellen sicher, dass im Ringinnenraum keine I<oronaentladungen auftreten, welche den Langstabisolator beschädigen könnten. Analog zu einem Faradayschen Käfig schirmen sie den von dem Schutzring bzw. den Schutzringen definierten Innenraum ab. Spitzenentladungen an Elementen des Langstabisolators werden so vermieden.The protective fitting is in particular a protective ring. Such protective rings ensure that no corona discharges occur in the interior of the ring, which could damage the long-rod insulator. Analogously to a Faraday cage, they shield the interior space defined by the protective ring or protective rings. This avoids peak discharges on elements of the long-rod insulator.
Beim Schutzring muss es sich nicht zwingend um einen geschlossenen Ring handeln. Der Ring kann unterbrochen sein und zwei freie Enden aufweisen, insbesondere zur definierten Ableitung von Überspannungen zwischen zwei entsprechend ausgebildeten Schutzringen. Bei einer Befestigung des Schutzrings mittels eines Befestigungselements mit zwei Halbschalen umfasst der Schutzring bevorzugt ein Ringelement, welches mit jeder der Halbschalen über jeweils einen Arm verbunden ist. Dadurch ergeben sich eine mechanisch stabile Befestigung und eine definierte und gleichmässige Ableitung von Überspannungen vom Ringelement über die Arme und das Befestigungselement in die Endarmatur und das nachfolgende Element.The protective ring does not necessarily have to be a closed ring. The ring can be interrupted and have two free ends, in particular for the defined discharge of overvoltages between two correspondingly designed protective rings. When the protective ring is fastened by means of a fastening element with two half-shells, the protective ring preferably comprises a ring element which is connected to each of the half-shells via an arm in each case. This results in a mechanically stable attachment and a defined and even discharge of overvoltages from the ring element via the arms and the fastening element into the end fitting and the subsequent element.
Die Erfindung ist auch mit anderen Schutzarmaturen umsetzbar, z. B. mit Schutzhörnern oder Schutzglocken. Die Schutzarmaturen können jeweils einfach oder mehrfach an beiden Enden oder nur einseitig angebracht sein - je nach Schutzfunktion und Bedürfnissen.The invention can also be implemented with other protective fittings, e.g. B. with protective horns or protective bells. The protective fittings can each be attached one or more times at both ends or only on one side - depending on the protective function and needs.
Insbesondere ist im Verbindungsbereich eine Pressverbindung zwischen Isolierkern und Endarmatur ausgebildet. Solche Verbindungen haben sich für Isolierl<erne aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff als gut geeignet herausgestellt.In particular, a press connection is formed between the insulating core and the end fitting in the connection area. Such connections have proven to be well suited for insulating tubes made of fiber-reinforced plastic.
Die Erfindung ist auch mit Langstabisolatoren umsetzbar, bei welchen der Isolierkern auf eine andere Weise mit der Endarmatur verbunden ist, z. B. über eine Klebeverbindung oder eine Verschraubung.The invention can also be implemented with long-rod insulators in which the insulating core is connected to the end fitting in a different way, e.g. B. via an adhesive connection or a screw connection.
Mit Vorteil umfasst die Kettenanordnung zwei gleich ausgebildete Schutzarmaturen, welche an jeweils einer von zwei Endarmaturen befestigt sind. Durch die Verwendung von gleich ausgebildeten Schutzarmaturen ergeben sich reduzierte Lagerhaltungskosten, weil nicht unterschiedliche Bauteile für beide Seiten vorgehalten werden müssen.Advantageously, the chain arrangement comprises two protective fittings of the same design, each of which is fastened to one of two end fittings. The use of protective fittings of the same design results in reduced storage costs because different components do not have to be kept on hand for both sides.
Aus der nachfolgenden Detailbeschreibung und der Gesamtheit der Patentansprüche ergeben sich weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen und Merkmalskombinationen der Erfindung.Further advantageous embodiments and combinations of features of the invention result from the following detailed description and the entirety of the patent claims.
Die zur Erläuterung des Ausführungsbeispiels verwendeten Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1A, B
- Zwei Seitenansichten einer installierten erfindungsgemässen Kettenanordnung;
- Fig. 2A, B
- zwei Seitenansichten des Schutzrings der Kettenanordnung;
- Fig. 2C
- eine Draufsicht auf den Schutzring; und
- Fig. 3
- einen vertikalen Querschnitt durch einen Endbereich des Isolators und das Befestigungselement des Schutzrings.
- Fig. 1A,B
- Two side views of an installed chain assembly according to the invention;
- Figure 2A,B
- two side views of the protection ring of the chain assembly;
- Figure 2C
- a plan view of the guard ring; and
- 3
- a vertical cross-section through an end portion of the insulator and the attachment element of the guard ring.
Grundsätzlich sind in den Figuren gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.In principle, the same parts are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.
Die
Die Kettenanordnung 100 umfasst einen Langstabisolator 110 mit Glasfaser-Isolierkern. Der Isolator wird unten, im Zusammenhang mit der
Die Kettenanordnung 100 ist an einem Freileitungsmast (nicht gezeigt) über eine an sich bekannte Hängevorrichtung 10 aus Stahl aufgehängt. Am unteren Ende der Kettenanordnung 100, nämlich an der unteren Endarmatur 130 des Langstabisolators 110, ist eine Doppellasche 20 aus Stahl befestigt. In dieser ist eine Hängeklemme 30 aus Aluminium und Stahl aufgenommen, welche das Leiterseil 1 der Freileitung trägt. Zwischen der Hängeklemme 30 und dem Leiterseil 1 ist in an sich bekannter Weise eine Schutzspirale 35 aus Aluminium angeordnet. Am unteren Ende der Doppellasche 20 ist eine Gabellasche 40 aus Stahl befestigt, welche eine Gewichtseinheit 50 trägt.The
Die Mindest-Bruchlast der gesamten Kettenanordnung beträgt 120 kN. Die Gabel-Anschlussabmessungen entsprechen jeweils dem Standard IEC 60471/19L. Die Stahlteile sind jeweils feuerverzinkt.The minimum breaking load of the entire chain arrangement is 120 kN. The fork connection dimensions correspond to the standard IEC 60471/19L. The steel parts are each hot-dip galvanized.
Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ergibt sich eine Länge a der Kettenanordnung (gemessen von der oberen Verbindungsachse zur Hängevorrichtung bis zur unteren Verbindungsachse zur Doppellasche) von 1504 mm. Für die Länge b zwischen Hängevorrichtung und Seilaufhängepunl<t ergeben sich 1700 mm.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the length a of the chain arrangement (measured from the upper connection axis to the hanging device to the lower connection axis to the double strap) is 1504 mm. The length b between the suspension device and the cable suspension point is 1700 mm.
Die
Die zwei Schutzringe 150 der Kettenanordnung 100 sind derart angeordnet, dass die kugelförmigen Abschlussteile voneinander abgewandt sind. Es wird ein definierter Weg zur Ableitung von Überspannungen gebildet, welcher von den Abschlussteilen der Endhörner 152a, 152b auf der einen Seite des Langstabisolators 110 zu den Abschlussteilen der Endhörner 152a, 152b auf der anderen Seite des Langstabisolators 110 reicht. Die beiden Schutzringe 150 schirmen den Hauptteil des Langstabisolators 110 elektrisch ab. Es ergibt sich eine Blitz-Stehstossspannung von 660 kV.The two
Das Befestigungselement 160 umfasst zwei Halbschalen 162, 164. Sie weisen jeweils einen U-förmigen Querschnitt auf und sind spiegelbildlich einander zugewandt angeordnet, so dass sie zwischen sich einen Aufnahmeraum definieren. Ein Bolzen 170 aus Stahl verläuft durch miteinander fluchtende Durchgangsöffnungen der beiden Halbschalen 162, 164.The
Die Arme 154, 156 verlaufen ausgehend vom Ring 152 zunächst senkrecht zur Ebene, welche vom Ringhauptteil definiert ist. Sie folgen nach einem geraden Abschnitt einem 90°-Bogen und sind an ihrem dem Ring 152 gegenüberliegenden Ende mit jeweils einer der Halbschalen 162, 164 verschweisst.The
Die
Der Langstabisolator 110 umfasst einen Isolierkern 120 aus hochfestem glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff, welcher an seinem Ende von der Endarmatur 130 umgeben ist. Der Isolierkern 120 ist in seinem mittleren Bereich, welcher sich über ca. 90% der Länge des Isolators erstreckt, von einer geschirmten Ummantelung 132 aus einem Silikonmaterial umgeben. Die Schirme führen zu einem Kriechweg von 3'870 mm.The long-
Während der Isolierkern 120 in der Endarmatur 130 über eine Pressverbindung gehalten ist, besteht zwischen dem Isolierkern 120 und der Ummantelung 132 in den Endbereichen der Ummantelung 132 eine Klebeverbindung.While the insulating
Der Stab, welcher den Ring 152 des Schutzrings bildet, befindet sich im dargestellten Querschnitt seitlich der Endarmatur 130, ungefähr auf Höhe des äusseren Endes der Ummantelung 132.The rod which forms the
Das Befestigungselement 160 mit den beiden Halbschalen 162, 164 umschliesst einen gabelartigen Endabschnitt der Endarmatur 130. Es erstreckt sich nicht bis in den Verbindungsbereich zwischen Endarmatur und Isolierkern hinein (vgl. die gestrichelte Linie). Sowohl das Befestigungselement 160 als auch ein Verbindungsteil der Doppellasche 20 sind mittels eines Bolzens 170 an der Endarmatur 130 befestigt. Der Bolzen 170 weist einen Bolzenkopf 172 und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite einen aufsteckbaren Sicherungsring 174 auf, so dass er gegen ein Herausrutschen von der Endarmatur 130 gesichert ist.The
Der Bolzen 170 dient nicht nur der mechanischen Befestigung des Befestigungselements 160 an der Endarmatur 130, er stellt auch die korrekte axiale Positionierung und Drehposition der Schutzarmatur 150 relativ zum Langstabisolator 110 sicher. Weiter leitet er einen wesentlichen Anteil des Ableitstroms vom Befestigungselement 160 zum Verbindungsteil der Doppellasche 20.The
Zur Befestigung des Schutzrings 150 an der Endarmatur 130 des Langstabisolators 110 wird das Befestigungselement 160 mit den beiden Halbschalen 162, 164 von aussen axial auf den Endabschnitt der Endarmatur 130 aufgeschoben. Anschliessend wird der Verbindungsteil der Doppellasche 20 in den gabelartigen Endabschnitt der Endarmatur 130 eingeschoben. Schliesslich wird der Bolzen 170 eingeschoben und gesichert.To fasten the
Die Ableitung von Strömen, die sich aus Überspannungen und Kurzschlüssen ergeben, erfolgt vom Ring 152 des Schutzrings 150 über die Arme 154, 156, die Halbschalen 162, 164 und den Bolzen 170 auf die Doppellasche 20 und von dieser weiter auf die Hängeklemme 30. Pro Halbschale und Bolzenteil lassen sich mit dieser Dimensionierung Ströme von 2 x 20 kA übertragen.The discharge of currents resulting from overvoltages and short-circuits occurs from the
Bei der Nachrüstung eines vorhandenen Langstabisolators wird der vorhandene Bolzen entfernt und durch ein längeres Modell ersetzt, so dass zwischen dem Bolzenkopf und dem gegenüberliegenden Sicherungsring zusätzlich auch die beiden Halbschalen aufnehmbar sind.When retrofitting an existing long-rod insulator, the existing bolt is removed and replaced by a longer model so that the two half-shells can also be accommodated between the bolt head and the opposite retaining ring.
Im Rahmen der erfindungsgemässen Kettenanordnung können Zwischenstücke zur Anbringung von Schutzarmaturen zwischen dem Langstabisolator und dem jeweiligen Befestigungsteil (Hängevorrichtung bzw. Doppellasche mit Hängeklemme) eingespart werden. Pro eingespartem Zwischenstück ergibt sich beispielsweise eine Längenreduktion von 120 mm, bei beidseitig angeordneten Schutzarmaturen also 240 mm. Typische I<ettenanordnungen mit Langstabisolatoren mit einem Kern aus GFK sind ca. 220 mm länger als entsprechende Anordnungen mit I<eramil<isolatoren. Diese zusätzliche Länge kann somit bei einer beidseitigen Anbringung gemäss der erfindungsgemässen Lösung kompensiert werden. Es ergibt sich sogar eine gewisse Reduktion der Gesamtlänge.Within the scope of the chain arrangement according to the invention, spacers for attaching protective fittings between the long-rod insulator and the respective fastening part (hanging device or double strap with hanging clamp) can be saved. For example, there is a length reduction of 120 mm for each intermediate piece saved, which means 240 mm for protective fittings arranged on both sides. Typical I<ette arrangements with long-rod insulators with a GRP core are approx. 220 mm longer than corresponding arrangements with I<eramil<insulators. This additional length can thus be compensated in the case of attachment on both sides according to the solution according to the invention. There is even a certain reduction in the overall length.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Namentlich können auch andersartige Schutzarmaturen auf die erfindungsgemässe Weise an der Endarmatur befestigt werden. Gegebenenfalls ist nur eine Schutzarmatur vorhanden. Die Geometrie des Befestigungsteils kann sich von derjenigen des Ausführungsbeispiels unterscheiden. So können die Halbschalen anders ausgeformt sein, oder anstelle von Halbschalen wird eine einteilige Aufnahme eingesetzt, welche gegebenenfalls nachgiebige Abschnitte umfasst. Die Fixierung des Befestigungsteils an der Endarmatur kann anstelle des Bolzens oder zusätzlich zum Bolzen durch ein anderes Element erfolgen, z. B. einen Klemmmechanismus. Die Positionierung kann in diesem Fall durch andere Mittel, insbesondere Anschlagmittel, sichergestellt werden.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. In particular, other types of protective fittings can also be attached to the end fitting in the manner according to the invention. If necessary, only one protective fitting is present. The geometry of the fastening part can differ from that of the exemplary embodiment. The half-shells can be shaped differently, or instead of half-shells, a one-piece receptacle is used, which optionally includes flexible sections. The fastening part can be fixed to the end fitting by another element instead of the bolt or in addition to the bolt, e.g. B. a clamping mechanism. In this case, the positioning can be ensured by other means, in particular stop means.
Auch der dargestellte Langstabisolator ist nur als Beispiel zu begreifen. Bei unterschiedlicher Geometrie der Endarmatur und/oder einer anderen Ausdehnung des Isolierkerns in die Endarmatur ergibt sich auch eine unterschiedliche Geometrie des Befestigungsteils.The long-rod insulator shown is only to be understood as an example. With a different geometry of the end fitting and/or a different expansion of the Isolating core in the end fitting also results in a different geometry of the fastening part.
Zusammenfassend ist festzustellen, dass die Erfindung eine Kettenanordnung schafft, welche eine verringerte Störungsanfälligkeit bei Überspannungen hat, dabei die elektrischen Anforderungen erfüllt und eine minimale Länge aufweist.In summary, it can be stated that the invention creates a chain arrangement which has a reduced susceptibility to faults in the event of overvoltages, while meeting the electrical requirements and having a minimum length.
Claims (7)
- Chain assembly (100) for a high or very high voltage overhead electric line, comprisinga) a long rod-type insulator (110) having an insulating core (120) composed of fibre-reinforced plastic and having at least one end fitting (130),b) an assembly for surge arresting having at least one protective fitting, whereinc) the at least one protective fitting comprises a fastening element (160) which is fastened to the at least one end fitting (130) of the long rod-type insulator (110),d) wherein the at least one protective fitting is fastened in an end-side axial region of the at least one end fitting (130), outside a connecting region between the insulating core (120) and end fitting (130),e) the at least one end fitting (130) has a first passage opening, and in that the fastening element (160) comprises a second passage opening, and therefore, in order to connect the fastening element (160) to the end fitting (130), a bolt-like element (170) is guided through the first and the second passage opening,characterized in that the bolt-like element (170) also serves for connecting the end fitting (130) to a following element, in particular to a holding device for a conductor cable (1).
- Chain assembly (100) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fastening element (160) comprises a receptacle in which a region of the end fitting (130) can be accommodated so as to fit therein.
- Chain assembly (100) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the receptacle is formed by two half shells (162, 164).
- Chain assembly (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the protective fitting is a protective ring (150).
- Chain assembly (100) according to Claim 3 and according to Claim 4, characterized in that the protective ring (150) comprises a ring element (152), the ring element (152) being connected to each of the half shells (162, 164) via a respective arm (154, 156).
- Chain assembly (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a press connection between the insulating core (120) and end fitting (130) is formed in the connecting region.
- Chain assembly (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises two identically designed protective fittings which are fastened to one of two end fittings (130) each.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP18175766.7A EP3579253B1 (en) | 2018-06-04 | 2018-06-04 | Chain assembly for a high or very high voltage overhead electric line |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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EP18175766.7A EP3579253B1 (en) | 2018-06-04 | 2018-06-04 | Chain assembly for a high or very high voltage overhead electric line |
Publications (3)
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EP3579253A1 EP3579253A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
EP3579253B1 true EP3579253B1 (en) | 2023-06-14 |
EP3579253C0 EP3579253C0 (en) | 2023-06-14 |
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EP18175766.7A Active EP3579253B1 (en) | 2018-06-04 | 2018-06-04 | Chain assembly for a high or very high voltage overhead electric line |
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CN110133458B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2024-02-06 | 沈阳工业大学 | Semi-automatic discharge test device and method applied to high-voltage test |
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US2007141A (en) | 1930-07-12 | 1935-07-02 | Locke Insulator Corp | Grading ring |
GB834085A (en) * | 1957-09-20 | 1960-05-04 | British Insulated Callenders | Improvements in or relating to strain insulators |
US3898372A (en) | 1974-02-11 | 1975-08-05 | Ohio Brass Co | Insulator with resin-bonded fiber rod and elastomeric weathersheds, and method of making same |
RO122653B1 (en) | 2006-02-08 | 2009-10-30 | Eximprod Grup S.A. | Support composite insulator |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE2164615A1 (en) * | 1971-12-24 | 1973-06-28 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | ARC PROTECTIVE FITTING FOR INSULATOR HANG CHAINS |
DE3014600C2 (en) | 1980-04-16 | 1982-04-08 | Karl Pfisterer Elektrotechnische Spezialartikel Gmbh & Co Kg, 7000 Stuttgart | Connection fitting for an insulator rod made of glass fiber reinforced plastic |
DE3014601A1 (en) | 1980-04-16 | 1981-10-22 | Karl Pfisterer Elektrotechnische Spezialartikel Gmbh & Co Kg, 7000 Stuttgart | FITTING FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CONNECTION WITH A HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH WITH A GLASS FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC ROD |
JPH09171732A (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-06-30 | Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc | Arcing horn for preventing bird injury in conductor strain insulator set |
CN101763922B (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2012-05-23 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Lightning-protection method and device for transmission line composite insulator |
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2018
- 2018-06-04 EP EP18175766.7A patent/EP3579253B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2007141A (en) | 1930-07-12 | 1935-07-02 | Locke Insulator Corp | Grading ring |
GB834085A (en) * | 1957-09-20 | 1960-05-04 | British Insulated Callenders | Improvements in or relating to strain insulators |
US3898372A (en) | 1974-02-11 | 1975-08-05 | Ohio Brass Co | Insulator with resin-bonded fiber rod and elastomeric weathersheds, and method of making same |
RO122653B1 (en) | 2006-02-08 | 2009-10-30 | Eximprod Grup S.A. | Support composite insulator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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KLENGEL HORST: "Isolatoren und Armaturen für Isolatorketten in Starkstrom-Freileitungen", 1 January 2009, pages: 140 - 147, 182 - 185, 226, 227, XP093175185 |
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EP3579253A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
EP3579253C0 (en) | 2023-06-14 |
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