EP3566815B1 - Fastening arrangement for tensioning fixing means comprising at least one anti-twist device - Google Patents
Fastening arrangement for tensioning fixing means comprising at least one anti-twist device Download PDFInfo
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- EP3566815B1 EP3566815B1 EP19170618.3A EP19170618A EP3566815B1 EP 3566815 B1 EP3566815 B1 EP 3566815B1 EP 19170618 A EP19170618 A EP 19170618A EP 3566815 B1 EP3566815 B1 EP 3566815B1
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- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- fastening arrangement
- twist device
- twist
- fastening
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B29/00—Accessories
- B25B29/02—Bolt tensioners
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fastening arrangement for bracing fastening means and a method for bracing fastening means using such a fastening arrangement.
- Clamping devices are known for clamping fasteners. Bolts, screws, nuts and the like, which are to be fastened in a connecting manner to two flanges, for example in the industrial manufacture of systems such as wind turbines, are clamped to the flanges with a clamping device.
- a screw is usually pre-installed by hand or using a small torque. This initial assembly enables the flanges to be held on top of each other and the system can be further assembled.
- the screw connection is then tightened further using the tensioning device, there is a risk that the pre-installed screw will also turn. As a result, the screw can, for example, be unintentionally unscrewed from a nut completely or partially.
- EP 1 935 570 A1 describes a fastening tool comprising a tubular fastening part, a spindle part, a pressing part and a fixing part.
- the fastener rotates a nut.
- the spindle part is arranged in an inner portion of the fastening part and pulls a shank portion of a bolt in the axial direction.
- the bolt has a free end in which a concave coupling portion is formed.
- the pressing part presses a fixed part based on a reaction force applied to the spindle part and is arranged in an outer portion of the fixing part.
- the fixing part is arranged in an inner portion of the spindle part, is pushed in the axial direction and has a free end which engages with the coupling portion of the bolt. When tightening the bolt and nut, the fixing part is not rotated.
- the fixing part is also used as a sensor that stops the spindle motor that rotates the spindle part.
- EP 0 124 340 A2 describes a device for pulling a bolt for a flange connection.
- This device comprises a drawing part and an annular piston which surrounds the drawing part and is supported with its free end on the flange connection.
- the bolt has a head with two radially outwardly projecting lugs and a transverse keyway.
- the pulling part includes two radially inwardly projecting lugs that engage under the two lugs and a key that engages in the keyway.
- GB 1 249 979 A describes a pulling device for pulling a bolt for a flange connection.
- This pulling device comprises a cylinder, a shaft with a coaxial hole, a female coupling nut and a rod.
- the cylinder is supported with its free end on a reaction surface of the flange connection.
- the shaft is arranged coaxially in the cylinder and has an external thread at its free end.
- the coupling nut engages with its internal thread in the external thread of the shaft and in the external thread of the bolt.
- the rod extends through the hole in the shaft, is free to move in the hole and rests on the bolt.
- the head of the bolt is welded to the lower structural component of the flange connection and the coupling nut and shaft are pushed up in the cylinder, stretching the bolt.
- the rod serves to transfer the stretching of the bolt to an external micrometer.
- a nut swivel collar is placed on the nut prior to stretching.
- the nut rotating collar has a number of holes in its outer lateral surface, into which a rotating pin can be inserted. After stretching, the nut is tightened or tensioned against the bolt with the help of the nut rotating collar and the rotating pin.
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved fastening arrangement for bracing fastening means, which fixes the respective fastening means in a twist-proof manner allows for a tightening of the fasteners.
- a rotational fixation of a component is understood to mean a holder, with rotation about a body axis of the component, preferably a longitudinal axis of the same, being prevented.
- the fastening arrangement according to the invention preferably also includes a tensioning device.
- Fasteners can be screws, nuts, bolts and the like. Fastening means within the meaning of the invention is preferably understood as meaning a bolt system.
- a bolt system can include several, in particular complementary, fastening means, for example a screw and a nut.
- the bolt system includes, for example, at least one bolt, a nut and an abutment.
- the abutment is designed as a screw head which is directly connected to the bolt material.
- the bolt can then be addressed as a screw.
- the bolt system then exists made of a bolt designed as a screw and a nut. There can always be washers that can be addressed as part of the abutment.
- the abutment comprises at least one counter nut.
- the bolt system can consist of a nut, a lock nut and a bolt. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the bolt system can have at least one, preferably two, washers. Provision is particularly preferably made for the nut to have an internal thread that corresponds to the external thread of the bolt.
- the bolt is in particular a threaded bolt, the external thread of which corresponds to the internal thread of the nut and possibly the counter nut.
- Fastening means within the meaning of the invention is also understood to mean a bolt system with a receiving device.
- the so-called receiving device is preferably a flange connection which comprises at least two flange elements or flanges.
- the anti-twist device is preferably in the form of a rod.
- the anti-twist device is particularly preferably essentially rod-shaped in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the anti-twist device.
- the anti-twist device is preferably made of solid material, particularly preferably made of metal.
- the anti-twist device can preferably be produced by means of a turning and/or milling process.
- the anti-twist device is preferably designed in the shape of a cylinder.
- the anti-twist device can have at least one radially circumferential groove.
- the groove is preferably located closer to the top end portion than to the bottom end portion. In the case of an arrangement in the lower pulling unit of a tensioning device, however, the groove can also be arranged closer to the lower end region.
- a locking ring for a locking washer can be arranged in the groove.
- the anti-twist device according to the invention can implement a rotational fixation of the bolt by means of positive and/or non-positive locking by means of a complementary configuration of the lower end region, for example with respect to a bolt that can be arranged.
- the anti-twist device according to the invention can be rotationally fixed in or on a clamping device by means of a special design of the upper end region, for example by means of a positive and/or non-positive fit.
- the upper and/or the lower end area of the anti-twist device can at least in some areas have a shape that is polygonal.
- the upper and/or the lower end area of the anti-twist device is preferably designed at least partially as a square or hexagon.
- the upper and the lower end area can be designed identically or differently with regard to their polygonal shape.
- the anti-twist device can also be designed throughout as a polygon, for example as a square bar or hexagonal bar.
- the anti-twist device preferably has an upper end area with an upper end face.
- the anti-twist device preferably has a lower end area with a lower end face.
- the end faces can each preferably be polygonal, preferably square or hexagonal.
- the upper and/or the lower end area of the anti-twist device can be designed, at least in some areas, as a socket wrench or socket and/or as a pin wrench.
- the upper end area and/or lower end area can have a multi-stage design and can have different cross sections.
- the upper end area can have the shape of a square, with a cylindrical section being formed adjacent to the square shape, which has a smaller diameter than the middle section, and the lower end area can be formed, for example, hexagonally.
- the bolt that can be arranged and/or the clamping device that can be arranged preferably each have a correspondingly approximately opposite shape.
- the upper and/or the lower end area of the anti-twist device can be arranged in or on this complementary shape.
- the opposite shape is preferably formed in the area of a bolt end face of the bolt.
- the opposite shape can be formed, for example, on a cover part and/or an adapter of the clamping device, preferably in the cover part.
- an opposite shape in a lower traction unit of the tensioning device would also be possible.
- the bolt that can be arranged and/or the tensioning device that can be arranged preferably have a recess or through-opening that is at least partially complementary to the upper and/or lower end area of the anti-twist device.
- the bolt that can be arranged and/or the tensioning device that can be arranged can have a cuboid or honeycomb recess, for example exhibit.
- the bolt that can be arranged can preferably have a square or hexagonal (blind) bore or recess in the region of a bolt end face thereof.
- the clamping device preferably has a square or hexagonal bore, preferably in the area of a cover part thereof, preferably a continuous bore.
- the anti-twist device in the upper and in the lower end area has sub-areas with a four-edged or hexagonal outer contour that are designed to complement the upper and lower end faces.
- the anti-twist device has a square or hexagonal recess in its lower end area.
- there is a complementary contour in the bolt that can be arranged in the form of a square or hexagonal projection similar to the end area of a pin wrench.
- the fastening arrangement preferably comprises at least one interior space for accommodating the anti-twist device.
- the interior can be designed as a shaft or channel, which can in particular be designed cylindrically, in the fastening arrangement or the clamping device.
- the anti-twist device can preferably be arranged in a displaceable manner in the interior space.
- Anti-twist protection is preferably arranged entirely or partially in the interior.
- the fastening arrangement preferably comprises at least one fastening unit.
- the fastening unit is preferably designed for the automated clamping of fastening means.
- the fastening unit preferably has a determinable torque with which the fastening means are braced.
- the fastening unit preferably comprises at least one drive nut for engagement with a nut or in recesses of a nut and for subsequent tightening of the nut.
- the tensioning device preferably has a housing with an interior space.
- the clamping device preferably has at least one cover part and/or an adapter for fixing the anti-twist device.
- the cover part and/or the adapter preferably has a correspondingly opposite or complementary shape to the shape of the upper end area of the anti-twist device.
- the cover part and/or the adapter can preferably have a recess and/or through-opening designed to complement the shape of the upper end area of the anti-twist device.
- the adapter is preferably arranged centrally, more preferably in a longitudinal direction of the clamping device below the cover part.
- the adapter preferably has an adapter recess for the anti-twist device and preferably also a spring element.
- the housing with the cover part preferably essentially has an open side, which is designed to partially accommodate the bolt that can be arranged.
- the projection of the bolt can preferably be determined in the area of the cover part or in an area arranged above it, which is covered by a cap.
- the cover part, the cap and/or the adapter preferably have a through-opening for the anti-twist device.
- the tensioning device preferably comprises at least one pulling unit for lengthening the fastening means.
- the traction unit has a traction unit internal thread for engaging in the corresponding external bolt thread of a bolt in the area of the bolt protrusion.
- the pulling unit is preferably arranged in the at least one interior space of the clamping device.
- the traction unit has at least one securing recess, preferably in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the tensioning device, which runs through the traction unit.
- the anti-twist device is preferably arranged in the securing recess with at least a partial area of the central area.
- the anti-rotation device is preferably designed or mounted in the fastening arrangement in such a way that a bolt overhang (lu) can be measured with the anti-rotation device.
- the anti-rotation device is preferably mounted in the fastening arrangement or the clamping device so that it can be displaced in such a way that, for example, during tensioning, the anti-rotation device is pushed upwards and/or at least partially out of the fastening arrangement by the bolt that can be arranged, the bolt protrusion ( lu) becomes measurable or derivable.
- the upper end area of the anti-twist device can include at least one marking that shows, for example, whether the bolt protrudes sufficiently. The marking can be a color marking.
- the fastening arrangement includes the sleeve, with which the bolt overhang (lu) can be measured.
- the sleeve is arranged around the anti-rotation device.
- the sleeve is preferably brought into contact with the bolt face of the bolt that can be arranged.
- the anti-twist device can be arranged in the interior of the sleeve.
- the sleeve is preferably slidably mounted in the fastening arrangement or the clamping device in such a way that, for example, during clamping, the sleeve is pushed upwards and/or at least partially out of the fastening arrangement by the bolt that can be arranged or the front side of the bolt, with the displacement of the sleeve in the fastening device in the bolt overhang (lu) becomes measurable or derivable.
- Dangerous operating conditions which occur when the traction unit does not engage properly with the bolt, caused by tolerances in the bolts and flanges as well as the gaps between them, are avoided by providing a determination of the bolt protrusion.
- the fastening arrangement preferably comprises at least one spring element which is arranged around the anti-twist device at least in partial areas.
- a first spring element can be used to press the anti-rotation lock against the bolt end face of the bolt that can be arranged during tensioning, so that the anti-rotation lock and the bolt latch, possibly after a rotary movement of the anti-rotation lock.
- the first spring element is operatively connected to the anti-twist device.
- the first spring element for arranging or pressing the lower end region of the anti-twist device can be arranged in a recess or on a bolt end face of the bolt, preferably in the cap.
- the cap is arranged above the cover part, assigned to the upper end area of the anti-twist device.
- the first spring element is pretensioned and presses, for example, against a locking washer that rests on a locking ring that is arranged in a groove of the anti-twist device.
- a second spring element for arranging or pressing the sleeve on the bolt end face of the bolt can be arranged in the cover part and the adapter.
- a second spring element for arranging or pressing the sleeve onto the bolt end face of the bolt can be arranged in the cover part and/or the adapter, preferably in the cover part and in the adapter.
- the second spring element is preferably held on the cover part or adapter, preferably on the cover part. It is prestressed between this holder and a counter bearing, which is made available by the sleeve, for example by means of projections arranged on its outer circumference or a protruding ring arranged there.
- the counter bearing in turn, can preferably be placed on a third spring element act, which interacts with the traction unit.
- the movements in the longitudinal direction of the fastening arrangement of the anti-twist device and the sleeve are decoupled.
- the projection of the bolt can be determined very precisely by determining a difference in length between the sleeve and the anti-rotation device, for example using sensors.
- An alternative method for determining the protrusion of the bolt would be to provide a longitudinal bore through the entire length of the anti-twist device, so that a difference in relation to the front side of the bolt facing the anti-twist device can be determined for the movement of the anti-twist device, e.g. using mechanical or optical probes or sensors.
- less expenditure on equipment is advantageously required, since only a first spring element, which is operatively connected to the anti-twist device, has to be provided.
- the first and preferably only spring element of this embodiment is mounted in a prestressed manner against the pulling device. It is preferably mounted at least partially below the cover part and/or the adapter, preferably partially only in the adapter.
- the fastening arrangement has an anti-twist device.
- the anti-twist device has a longitudinal extent in the direction of a longitudinal axis x.
- the anti-twist device extends essentially in the form of a rod in the direction of the longitudinal extension.
- the anti-twist device has an upper end area with an upper face, a middle area and a lower end area with a lower face. The upper end area and the lower end area each form an end area of the longitudinal extent, and the middle area is arranged between the upper end area and the lower end area.
- the upper end area is designed in such a way that the anti-twist device can be fixed at least rotationally about the longitudinal axis x by means of a clamping device that can be arranged.
- the lower end area is designed in such a way that a bolt that can be arranged can be fixed at least in rotation about the longitudinal axis x.
- the lower end area has the shape of a square, with the result that the lower end face is essentially rectangular.
- the middle area extends essentially cylindrically in the direction of the longitudinal extension up to the upper end area.
- the middle area can be cylindrical or polygonal.
- the central area has a groove at a distance from the upper end area. A retaining ring can preferably be arranged in the groove.
- the groove is arranged with a locking ring in the lower pulling unit of the clamping device.
- the upper end region is formed essentially in two stages. Adjacent to the central area, the upper end area has the shape of a square. Adjacent to the square shape, the upper end portion has a relatively small cylindrical portion. The cylindrical section of the upper end area has a slightly smaller diameter than the central area. This part, which can also be referred to as the end part of the upper end area, can also be omitted, in particular if a sleeve is provided, as described below.
- the fastening arrangement has a tensioning device in addition to the anti-twist device according to the first preferred embodiment.
- the tensioning device comprises at least one housing with a cover part, a traction unit and a fastening unit.
- the housing has an interior space in which the traction unit is arranged.
- the traction unit has a traction unit internal thread for engaging in the corresponding external bolt thread of a bolt in the area of its bolt overhang.
- the traction unit In the direction of a longitudinal extent of the anti-twist device, the traction unit has a safety cutout. The safety cut-out extends completely through the pulling unit.
- the anti-twist device is arranged with its central area through the safety recess.
- the housing with the cover part essentially has an open side, which is formed in the direction of the nut side when the clamping device is mounted on a nut side of a receiving unit.
- An adapter is arranged centrally on the cover part of the clamping device.
- the adapter has an adapter recess.
- the anti-twist device is partially arranged in an adapter recess of the adapter.
- the anti-twist device is rotationally fixed by the cover part.
- a bolt or a bolt system can be arranged at an end of the clamping device opposite the cover part.
- the tensioning device comprises a fastening unit with a drive nut for engaging in recesses in a nut and for subsequently tightening the nut.
- the fastening arrangement has the sleeve, which extends around at least the central area and a part of the upper end area of the anti-rotation device.
- a bolt overhang lu can also be measured with the sleeve.
- the sleeve is in contact with a bolt end face of a bolt that can be arranged.
- the projection of the bolt can preferably be determined in the area of the cover part or in an area arranged above it, which is covered by a cap.
- An upper, first spring element is arranged in the cap for arranging or pressing the lower end region of the anti-twist device in the recess of the bolt.
- the first spring element presses against the washer or locking washer, which rests on the locking ring that is arranged in the groove of the anti-twist device.
- a lower, second spring element for arranging or pressing the sleeve on the front side of the bolt is arranged in the cover part and the adapter.
- the bolt to be braced presses the anti-twist device upwards against the upper, first spring element.
- the anti-twist device is then pushed out through a through-opening in the cover part or a cap.
- the bolt protrusion lu and/or an elongation value ⁇ I is displayed or can be determined.
- An anti-twist device as described above, which does not fall within the scope of protection of the claims, in particular for use in a fastening arrangement according to the invention, and a fastening means for bracing by means of a fastening arrangement which does not fall within the scope of protection of the claims are proposed, which comprises at least one bolt of a bolt system, wherein the bolt has a correspondingly opposite shape to a shape of a lower end region of an anti-rotation device.
- the anti-twist device is preferably designed as described for the fastening arrangement according to the invention.
- the bolt is preferably designed as described for the fastening arrangement according to the invention.
- the fastening means preferably comprises at least one receiving device, designed as described above for the fastening arrangement according to the invention.
- the fastening means comprises at least one bolt with a bolt face that forms, for example, a side facing away from an abutment of the bolt system, on which the bolt has a central recess.
- the recess has a rectangular shape.
- the recess is a polygonal recess formed, and is preferably formed square or hexagonal.
- the bolt is preferably designed as an HV bolt.
- the bolt system preferably also includes at least one nut and at least one abutment.
- a counter bearing for example, is arranged on the bolt facing away from a bolt end face.
- the abutment preferably has a screw head which is directly connected to the bolt material.
- a washer can be arranged above the abutment and below the nut.
- the receiving device as part of the bolt system preferably comprises a flange connection, which more preferably has two flanges.
- the receiving device preferably has a flange recess which runs through the two flanges of the flange connection.
- a bolt of the bolt system is preferably introduced into the flange recess.
- the nut of the bolt system is preferably assigned to a nut side of the receiving device and the abutment to an opposite side of the receiving device.
- a use of a fastening arrangement for bracing fastening means that does not fall within the scope of protection of the claims is proposed, a bolt of a bolt system being fixed by an anti-twist device during the bracing.
- the fastening arrangement, the anti-twist device and the bolt are preferably designed as described for the fastening arrangement according to the invention and for the fastening means.
- the fastening arrangement, the anti-twist device, the fastening means and the bolt are preferably designed as described above for the fastening arrangement according to the invention and for the fastening means.
- the fastening means preferably comprises at least one receiving device which is designed as described above.
- Step c) preferably takes place in that the anti-twist device is arranged on a cover part or a pulling unit of the tensioning device.
- Step e) preferably takes place by means of a fastening unit of the clamping device.
- the fastening unit can be designed as described for the fastening device according to the invention.
- the fastening unit preferably has a determinable torque with which the fastening means are braced.
- the method according to the invention includes determining a bolt protrusion.
- the determination can take place in particular by means of the anti-twist device.
- the method according to the invention can also include measuring an elongation value ( ⁇ I) of the bolt.
- ⁇ I elongation value
- the bolt overhang can be measured before and after tightening, for example using the anti-twist device.
- the change in the bolt protrusion then reflects the elongation or stretching of the bolt.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an anti-twist device 20 in a lateral sectional view.
- the anti-twist device 20 has a longitudinal extent in the direction of a longitudinal axis x.
- the anti-twist device 20 extends essentially in the form of a rod in the direction of the longitudinal extent.
- the anti-twist device has an upper end area 22 with an upper end face 23 , a central area 24 and a lower end area 26 with a lower end face 27 .
- the upper end area 22 and the lower end area 26 each form an end area of the longitudinal extent, and the central area 24 is arranged between the upper end area 22 and the lower end area 26 .
- the lower end region 26 has the shape of a square, with which the lower end face 27 is essentially rectangular.
- the middle area 24 extends, starting from the lower end area 26, essentially cylindrically in the direction of the longitudinal extent to the upper end area 22.
- the essentially cylindrical middle area which can also be polygonal, for example as a square, is slightly spaced from the upper end area 22, but closer to the upper end portion 22 than to the lower end portion 26, a groove 25 on.
- a retaining ring can be arranged in the groove 25 .
- the upper end area 22 is formed essentially in two stages. Adjacent to the central area 24, the upper end area 22 has the shape of a square. Adjacent to the square shape, the upper end portion 22 has a relatively small cylindrical section.
- the cylindrical end piece of the upper end area 22 has a slightly smaller diameter than the middle piece 24 . It serves as a kind of pre-fixing of the anti-twist device 20 in a clamping device by interacting with a recess in the clamping device.
- the upper end portion 22 is formed such that the anti-rotation device 20 can be arranged by means of a Clamping device 50 (see FIG. 3 and 4 ) can be fixed at least rotationally about the longitudinal axis x.
- the lower end area 26 is designed in such a way that a bolt 84 that can be arranged can be fixed at least in rotation about the longitudinal axis x.
- FIG. 2 shows the anti-twist device 20 FIG. 1 in a perspective view.
- the upper end area 22 with the upper end face 23 is illustrated, the upper end area 22 having the stepped configuration with the cylindrical and the square shape.
- Adjacent to the upper end portion 22 is the middle portion 24 having the groove 25 extending circumferentially.
- the lower end area 26 is shown adjacent to the central area, which extends as a square.
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a fastening arrangement 10 according to the invention and a bolt system 82 in a lateral partial section.
- the clamping device 50 comprises at least one housing 54 with a cover part 56 and a traction unit 60.
- the housing 54 has an interior 55 in which the traction unit 60 is arranged.
- the housing 54 with the cover part 56 essentially has an open side which, when the clamping device 50 is mounted on a nut side 96 (see FIG. 5 ) of a receiving unit, for example in the form of a flange connection, is formed in the direction of the nut side 96.
- the bolt system 82 is arranged on an end of the clamping device 50 opposite the cover part 56 .
- the bolt system 82 includes a bolt 84, a nut 88 and an abutment 86.
- the abutment 86 has a bolt head which is bonded directly to the bolt material.
- the nut 88 encloses the bolt 84 by engaging an external thread of the bolt 84 with a nut internal thread.
- the bolt 84 has a bolt overhang lu above the nut 88 (see FIG. 5 ) which extends into the interior space 55 of the clamping device 50 . In the area where the bolt protrudes lu, the traction unit 60 grips the bolt 84.
- the traction unit 60 engages with the external thread of the bolt 84 with its internal traction unit thread.
- the clamping device 50 includes the fastening unit 52 which encloses the nut 88 substantially.
- the fastening unit 52 has a drive nut 53 which is designed to engage in recesses in the nut 88 and thus rotates the nut 88 .
- the recess is rectangular in shape and extends into the bolt 84 .
- An adapter 57 is arranged centrally on the cover part 56 of the clamping device 50 .
- the adapter 57 has an adapter recess 58 (see FIG. 4 ) on.
- An anti-twist device 20 is arranged between the central recess on the bolt end face 85 of the bolt 84 and the adapter recess 58 of the adapter 57 .
- the anti-rotation device 20, which is different than in the FIG. 1 and 2 shown has no cylindrical end piece in an upper end portion 22, engages with the upper end portion 22 in the adapter recess 58 and through it.
- a lower end area 26 of the anti-rotation device 20 engages in the recess of the bolt 84.
- the anti-rotation device 20 is rotationally fixed by the cover part 56. Furthermore, the bolt 84 is rotationally fixed by the anti-twist device 20 .
- the pulling unit 60 is arranged in the interior 55 of the clamping device 50 between the nut 88 and the cover part 56 .
- the pulling unit 60 has a securing recess 62 in the direction of a longitudinal extension of the anti-twist device 20 .
- the securing recess 62 extends completely through the pulling unit 60.
- the anti-rotation device 20 is arranged with a central region 24 through the securing recess 62.
- a sleeve 45 extends around at least the middle area 24 and part of the upper end area 22.
- the sleeve 45 is encompassed by the fastening arrangement 10.
- a bolt overhang lu can be measured with the sleeve 45 .
- the sleeve 45 rests on the bolt face 85 of the bolt 84 .
- the bolt overhang, which is measured on the bolt face 85 of the bolt 84, can preferably be determined in the area of the cover part 56 or in an area arranged above it, which is covered by a cap 59.
- FIG. 3a shows a detailed view of the fastening arrangement according to FIG. 3 on the upper end area 22 of the anti-rotation device 20.
- an upper, first spring element 40 is arranged for arranging or pressing the lower end area 26 of the anti-rotation device 20 in the recess of the bolt 84.
- the first spring element 40 presses against a disc 29 which rests on a retaining ring 28 which is in the FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shown groove 25 engages.
- a lower, second spring element 42 for arranging or pressing the sleeve 45 on the bolt end face 85 of the bolt 84 is arranged in the cover part 56 and the adapter 57 .
- the one to be braced presses Bolt the anti-rotation device 20 against the first spring element 40 upwards.
- the anti-twist device 20 is thus pushed out through a through opening (not designated) in the cover part 59 .
- the bolt protrusion lu and the elongation value ⁇ I are displayed or can be determined.
- FIG. 3b shows a detailed view of the fastening arrangement according to FIG. 3 at the lower end area 26 of the anti-rotation device 20.
- the lower end area 26 of the anti-rotation device 20 is arranged in the recess of the bolt 84 in a form-fitting manner.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of an adapter 57 of the clamping device 50 of the fastening arrangement 10 FIG. 3 in a side sectional view.
- the adapter 57 is in the cover part 56 (see FIG. 3 ) and has an adapter recess 58.
- the adapter recess 58 extends through the adapter 57 so that at least the anti-rotation device 20 can be arranged in the adapter recess 58 with the upper end region 22 of the anti-rotation device 20 .
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a fastener 80 in a side sectional view through a receiving device 92.
- the fastener 80 comprises a bolt system 82 and the receiving device 92.
- the bolt system 82 has a bolt 84, a nut 88 and an abutment 86.
- the bolt 84 has a bolt face 85 .
- the front face 85 of the bolt is arranged on the bolt 84 facing away from the abutment 86 .
- the receiving device 92 includes a flange connection 93 which has two flanges.
- the receiving device 92 has a flange recess 95 which runs through the two flanges of the flange connection 93 .
- the bolt 84 of the bolt system 82 is introduced into the flange recess 95 .
- the nut 88 of the bolt system 82 is assigned to a nut side 96 of the receiving device 92 and the abutment 86 to an opposite side of the receiving device 92.
- the bolt overhang lu is determined by the exposed lateral section of the bolt 84 between the bolt end face 85 and the nut 88.
- the clamping device 50 attaches to the exposed lateral section of the bolt or to a thread present there.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Befestigungsanordnung zum Verspannen von Befestigungsmitteln und ein Verfahren zum Verspannen von Befestigungsmitteln mittels einer solchen Befestigungsanordnung.The invention relates to a fastening arrangement for bracing fastening means and a method for bracing fastening means using such a fastening arrangement.
Zum Verspannen von Befestigungsmitteln sind Spannvorrichtungen bekannt. Bolzen, Schrauben, Muttern und Ähnliches, die verbindend an zwei Flanschen befestigt werden sollen, beispielsweise bei einer industriellen Herstellung von Anlagen, wie z.B. Windkraftanlagen, werden mit einer Spannvorrichtung an den Flanschen verspannt. Hierfür wird eine Schraube zumeist mit Hand oder mittels eines kleinen Drehmoments vorinstalliert. Durch diese erste Montage ist ein Halten der Flansche aufeinander möglich und der weitere Aufbau der Anlage kann erfolgen. Beim anschließenden weiteren Verspannen der Schraubverbindung mittels Spannvorrichtung besteht die Gefahr, dass sich die vorinstallierte Schraube mitdreht. Hierdurch kann die Schraube beispielsweise ungewollt aus einer Mutter ganz oder teilweise wieder herausgeschraubt werden. Der sogenannte Bolzenüberstand oder Gewindeüberstand, über den die Schraube über der Mutter herausragt, ist dann nicht mehr ausreichend, um durch die Spannvorrichtung eine bestimmte Kraft auf die Schaube und Mutterverbindung anzubringen, da nicht mehr genügend Gewinde im Eingriff ist. Dies kann zu lebensgefährlichen Zuständen durch Abriss des Befestigungsmittels führen.Clamping devices are known for clamping fasteners. Bolts, screws, nuts and the like, which are to be fastened in a connecting manner to two flanges, for example in the industrial manufacture of systems such as wind turbines, are clamped to the flanges with a clamping device. For this purpose, a screw is usually pre-installed by hand or using a small torque. This initial assembly enables the flanges to be held on top of each other and the system can be further assembled. When the screw connection is then tightened further using the tensioning device, there is a risk that the pre-installed screw will also turn. As a result, the screw can, for example, be unintentionally unscrewed from a nut completely or partially. The so-called bolt overhang or thread overhang, over which the screw protrudes over the nut, is then no longer sufficient to apply a certain force to the screw and nut connection by the clamping device, since there is no longer enough thread engaged. This can lead to life-threatening conditions due to the fastener tearing off.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine verbesserte Befestigungsanordnung zum Verspannen von Befestigungsmitteln bereitzustellen, die eine verdrehsichere Fixierung des jeweiligen Befestigungsmittels für ein Verspannen der Befestigungsmittel ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide an improved fastening arrangement for bracing fastening means, which fixes the respective fastening means in a twist-proof manner allows for a tightening of the fasteners.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.This object is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung schlägt gemäß einem ersten Aspekt eine Befestigungsanordnung zum Verspannen von Befestigungsmitteln vor, mindestens umfassend
- eine Verdrehsicherung, die in einer Spannvorrichtung anordenbar ist,
- die Verdrehsicherung eine Längserstreckung in Richtung einer Längsachse und einen oberen Endbereich mit einer oberen Stirnseite, einen Mittelbereich und einen unteren Endbereich mit einer unteren Stirnseite aufweist,
- der obere Endbereich und der untere Endbereich jeweils einen Endbereich der Längserstreckung bilden und zwischen dem oberen Endbereich und dem unteren Endbereich der Mittelbereich angeordnet ist,
- der obere Endbereich derart ausgebildet ist, dass die Verdrehsicherung mittels der anordenbaren Spannvorrichtung zumindest rotatorisch fixierbar ist,
- der untere Endbereich derart ausgebildet ist, dass ein anordenbarer Bolzen zumindest rotatorisch fixierbar ist,
- die Befestigungsanordnung eine Hülse umfasst, die um die Verdrehsicherung herum angeordnet ist und mit der ein Bolzenüberstand des Bolzens messbar ist.
- an anti-twist device that can be arranged in a clamping device,
- the anti-twist device has a longitudinal extension in the direction of a longitudinal axis and an upper end area with an upper end face, a middle area and a lower end area with a lower end face,
- the upper end area and the lower end area each form an end area of the longitudinal extension and the central area is arranged between the upper end area and the lower end area,
- the upper end area is designed in such a way that the anti-twist device can be fixed at least rotationally by means of the clamping device that can be arranged,
- the lower end area is designed in such a way that a bolt that can be arranged can be fixed at least in terms of rotation,
- the fastening arrangement comprises a sleeve which is arranged around the anti-twist device and with which a bolt protrusion of the bolt can be measured.
Im Sinne der Erfindung wird unter einer rotatorischen Fixierung eines Bauteils eine Halterung verstanden, wobei eine Drehung um eine Körperachse des Bauteils, bevorzugt eine Längsachse desselben, verhindert ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Befestigungsanordnung umfasst vorzugsweise weiterhin eine Spannvorrichtung.Within the meaning of the invention, a rotational fixation of a component is understood to mean a holder, with rotation about a body axis of the component, preferably a longitudinal axis of the same, being prevented. The fastening arrangement according to the invention preferably also includes a tensioning device.
Befestigungsmittel können Schrauben, Muttern, Bolzen, und Ähnliches sein. Unter Befestigungsmitteln in Sinne der Erfindung wird bevorzugt ein Bolzensystem verstanden. Ein Bolzensystem kann mehrere, insbesondere komplementäre, Befestigungsmittel umfassen, beispielsweise eine Schraube und eine Mutter. Das Bolzensystem umfasst beispielsweise zumindest einen Bolzen, eine Mutter und ein Widerlager. Das Widerlager ist in einer Ausführungsform als Schraubenkopf ausgebildet, der unmittelbar mit dem Bolzenmaterial verbunden ist. Der Bolzen kann dann als Schraube angesprochen werden. Das Bolzensystem besteht dann aus einem als Schraube ausgebildeten Bolzen und einer Mutter. Unterlegscheiben können stets vorgehen sein, die als Teil des Widerlagers angesprochen werden können. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfasst das Widerlager zumindest eine Gegenmutter. Das Bolzensystem kann aus einer Mutter, einer Gegenmutter und einem Bolzen bestehen. Weiterhin kann das Bolzensystem in einer Ausführungsform zumindest eine, bevorzugt zwei Unterlegscheiben aufweisen. Besonders bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass die Mutter ein Mutterinnengewinde aufweist, das dem Außengewinde des Bolzens entspricht. Der Bolzen ist insbesondere ein Gewindebolzen, dessen Außengewinde mit dem Innengewinde der Mutter und gegebenenfalls der Gegenmutter korrespondiert. Unter Befestigungsmitteln in Sinne der Erfindung wird auch ein Bolzensystem mit Aufnahmevorrichtung verstanden. Die sogenannte Aufnahmevorrichtung ist bevorzugt eine Flanschverbindung, die mindestens zwei Flanschelemente beziehungsweise Flansche umfasst.Fasteners can be screws, nuts, bolts and the like. Fastening means within the meaning of the invention is preferably understood as meaning a bolt system. A bolt system can include several, in particular complementary, fastening means, for example a screw and a nut. The bolt system includes, for example, at least one bolt, a nut and an abutment. In one embodiment, the abutment is designed as a screw head which is directly connected to the bolt material. The bolt can then be addressed as a screw. The bolt system then exists made of a bolt designed as a screw and a nut. There can always be washers that can be addressed as part of the abutment. In a further embodiment, the abutment comprises at least one counter nut. The bolt system can consist of a nut, a lock nut and a bolt. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the bolt system can have at least one, preferably two, washers. Provision is particularly preferably made for the nut to have an internal thread that corresponds to the external thread of the bolt. The bolt is in particular a threaded bolt, the external thread of which corresponds to the internal thread of the nut and possibly the counter nut. Fastening means within the meaning of the invention is also understood to mean a bolt system with a receiving device. The so-called receiving device is preferably a flange connection which comprises at least two flange elements or flanges.
Die Verdrehsicherung ist vorzugsweise stabförmig. Die Verdrehsicherung ist besonders bevorzugt in Richtung der Längserstreckung der Verdrehsicherung im Wesentlichen stabförmig ausgebildet. Die Verdrehsicherung ist vorzugsweise aus Vollmaterial, besonders bevorzugt aus Metall, ausgebildet. Die Verdrehsicherung ist vorzugsweise mittels eines Dreh-und/oder Fräsverfahrens herstellbar.The anti-twist device is preferably in the form of a rod. The anti-twist device is particularly preferably essentially rod-shaped in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the anti-twist device. The anti-twist device is preferably made of solid material, particularly preferably made of metal. The anti-twist device can preferably be produced by means of a turning and/or milling process.
Im Mittelbereich ist die Verdrehsicherung vorzugsweise zylinderförmig ausgebildet. Im Mittelbereich kann die Verdrehsicherung zumindest eine radial umlaufende Nut aufweisen. Die Nut ist vorzugsweise näher zum oberen Endbereich als zum unteren Endbereich angeordnet. Bei einer Anordnung in der unteren Zugeinheit einer Spannvorrichtung kann die Nut aber auch näher zum unteren Endbereich angeordnet sein. In der Nut kann ein Sicherungsring für eine Sicherungsscheibe angeordnet werden.In the central area, the anti-twist device is preferably designed in the shape of a cylinder. In the central area, the anti-twist device can have at least one radially circumferential groove. The groove is preferably located closer to the top end portion than to the bottom end portion. In the case of an arrangement in the lower pulling unit of a tensioning device, however, the groove can also be arranged closer to the lower end region. A locking ring for a locking washer can be arranged in the groove.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verdrehsicherung kann durch eine beispielsweise, in Bezug auf einen anordenbaren Bolzen, komplementäre Ausbildung des unteren Endbereichs eine rotatorische Fixierung des Bolzen mittels Form- und/oder Kraftschluss realisieren. Die erfindungsgemäße Verdrehsicherung kann durch eine spezielle Ausbildung des obere Endbereichs, beispielsweise mittels Form- und/oder Kraftschluss, in oder an einer Spannvorrichtung rotatorisch fixiert werden.The anti-twist device according to the invention can implement a rotational fixation of the bolt by means of positive and/or non-positive locking by means of a complementary configuration of the lower end region, for example with respect to a bolt that can be arranged. The anti-twist device according to the invention can be rotationally fixed in or on a clamping device by means of a special design of the upper end region, for example by means of a positive and/or non-positive fit.
Beispielsweise können der obere und/oder der untere Endbereich der Verdrehsicherung zumindest in Teilbereichen eine Form aufweisen, die mehrkantig ausgebildet ist. Bevorzugt ist der obere und/oder der untere Endbereich der Verdrehsicherung zumindest teilweise als Vierkant oder Sechskant ausgebildet. Der obere und der untere Endbereich können gleich oder unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein in Bezug auf Ihre Mehrkantigkeit. Die Verdrehsicherung kann jedoch auch durchgängig als Mehrkant, beispielsweise als Vierkantstab oder Sechskantstab, ausgebildet sein.For example, the upper and/or the lower end area of the anti-twist device can at least in some areas have a shape that is polygonal. The upper and/or the lower end area of the anti-twist device is preferably designed at least partially as a square or hexagon. The upper and the lower end area can be designed identically or differently with regard to their polygonal shape. However, the anti-twist device can also be designed throughout as a polygon, for example as a square bar or hexagonal bar.
Die Verdrehsicherung weist bevorzugt einen oberen Endbereich mit einer oberen Stirnseite auf. Die Verdrehsicherung weist bevorzugt einen unteren Endbereich mit einer unteren Stirnseite auf. Die Stirnseiten können jeweils vorzugsweise mehrkantig, bevorzugt vier- oder sechseckig, ausgebildet sein.The anti-twist device preferably has an upper end area with an upper end face. The anti-twist device preferably has a lower end area with a lower end face. The end faces can each preferably be polygonal, preferably square or hexagonal.
Der obere und/oder der untere Endbereich der Verdrehsicherung können zumindest in Teilbereichen als Steckschlüssel beziehungsweise Stecknuss und/oder als Stiftschlüssel ausgebildet sein.The upper and/or the lower end area of the anti-twist device can be designed, at least in some areas, as a socket wrench or socket and/or as a pin wrench.
Der obere Endbereich und/oder untere Endbereich kann mehrstufig ausgebildet sein und verschiedene Querschnitte umfassen. Beispielsweise kann der obere Endbereich die Form eines Vierkants aufweisen, wobei angrenzend an die vierkantige Form ein zylindrisches Teilstück ausgebildet ist, das einen geringeren Durchmesser als das Mittelstück aufweist, und der untere Endbereich kann beispielsweise sechskantig ausgebildet sein.The upper end area and/or lower end area can have a multi-stage design and can have different cross sections. For example, the upper end area can have the shape of a square, with a cylindrical section being formed adjacent to the square shape, which has a smaller diameter than the middle section, and the lower end area can be formed, for example, hexagonally.
Der anordenbare Bolzen und/oder die anordenbare Spannvorrichtung weisen bevorzugt jeweils eine entsprechend annähernd gegensätzliche Form auf. In oder an dieser komplementär ausgebildeten Form ist der obere und/oder der untere Endbereich der Verdrehsicherung anordenbar. Beim anordenbaren Bolzen ist die gegensätzliche Form bevorzugt im Bereich einer Bolzenstirnseite des Bolzens ausgebildet. Bei der Spannvorrichtung kann die gegensätzliche Form beispielsweise auf einem Deckelteil und/oder einen Adapter der Spannvorrichtung ausgebildet sein, bevorzugt in dem Deckelteil. Möglich wäre aber auch eine gegensätzlich Form in einer unteren Zugeinheit der Spannvorrichtung. Der anordenbare Bolzen und/oder die anordenbare Spannvorrichtung weisen vorzugsweise eine zumindest teilweise zum oberen und/oder unteren Endbereich der Verdrehsicherung komplementär ausgebildete Aussparung oder Durchgangsöffnung auf. Der anordenbare Bolzen und/oder die anordenbare Spannvorrichtung können beispielsweise eine quaderförmige oder wabenförmige Aussparung aufweisen. Der anordenbare Bolzen kann bevorzugt eine Vier- oder Sechskant(sack)bohrung oder -ausnehmung im Bereich einer Bolzenstirnseite desselben aufweisen. Die Spannvorrichtung weist bevorzugt eine Vier- oder Sechskantbohrung, bevorzugt im Bereich eines Deckelteils desselben, bevorzugt eine durchgängige Bohrung, auf. Dementsprechend weist die Verdrehsicherung im oberen und im unteren Endbereich mit der oberen und unteren Stirnseite komplementär ausgebildete Teilbereiche mit einer vierkantigen oder sechskantigen Außenkontur auf. Es kann jedoch auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Verdrehsicherung eine vierkantige oder sechskantige Ausnehmung in ihrem unteren Endbereich aufweist. Dann ist eine hierzu komplementär ausgebildete Kontur im anordenbaren Bolzen in Form eines vierkantigen oder sechskantigen Vorsprungs ähnlich dem Endbereich eines Stiftschlüssels vorhanden.The bolt that can be arranged and/or the clamping device that can be arranged preferably each have a correspondingly approximately opposite shape. The upper and/or the lower end area of the anti-twist device can be arranged in or on this complementary shape. In the bolt that can be arranged, the opposite shape is preferably formed in the area of a bolt end face of the bolt. In the case of the clamping device, the opposite shape can be formed, for example, on a cover part and/or an adapter of the clamping device, preferably in the cover part. However, an opposite shape in a lower traction unit of the tensioning device would also be possible. The bolt that can be arranged and/or the tensioning device that can be arranged preferably have a recess or through-opening that is at least partially complementary to the upper and/or lower end area of the anti-twist device. The bolt that can be arranged and/or the tensioning device that can be arranged can have a cuboid or honeycomb recess, for example exhibit. The bolt that can be arranged can preferably have a square or hexagonal (blind) bore or recess in the region of a bolt end face thereof. The clamping device preferably has a square or hexagonal bore, preferably in the area of a cover part thereof, preferably a continuous bore. Accordingly, the anti-twist device in the upper and in the lower end area has sub-areas with a four-edged or hexagonal outer contour that are designed to complement the upper and lower end faces. However, it can also be provided that the anti-twist device has a square or hexagonal recess in its lower end area. Then there is a complementary contour in the bolt that can be arranged in the form of a square or hexagonal projection similar to the end area of a pin wrench.
Die Befestigungsanordnung umfasst zur Aufnahme der Verdrehsicherung vorzugsweise zumindest einen Innenraum. Der Innenraum kann als Schacht beziehungsweise Kanal, der insbesondere zylindrisch ausgebildet sein kann, in der Befestigungsanordnung beziehungsweise der Spannvorrichtung ausgebildet sein. Die Verdrehsicherung ist vorzugsweise verschiebbar in dem Innenraum anordenbar. Verdrehsicherung ist vorzugweise ganz oder teilweise in dem Innenraum angeordnet.The fastening arrangement preferably comprises at least one interior space for accommodating the anti-twist device. The interior can be designed as a shaft or channel, which can in particular be designed cylindrically, in the fastening arrangement or the clamping device. The anti-twist device can preferably be arranged in a displaceable manner in the interior space. Anti-twist protection is preferably arranged entirely or partially in the interior.
Die Befestigungsanordnung umfasst vorzugsweise zumindest eine Befestigungseinheit. Die Befestigungseinheit ist vorzugsweise zum automatisierten Verspannen von Befestigungsmitteln ausgebildet. Die Befestigungseinheit weist vorzugsweise ein bestimmbares Drehmoment auf, mit welchem die Befestigungsmittel verspannt werden. Die Befestigungseinheit umfasst vorzugsweise zumindest eine Antriebsnuss zum Eingriff mit einer Mutter oder in Ausnehmungen einer Mutter und zum anschließenden Festdrehen der Mutter.The fastening arrangement preferably comprises at least one fastening unit. The fastening unit is preferably designed for the automated clamping of fastening means. The fastening unit preferably has a determinable torque with which the fastening means are braced. The fastening unit preferably comprises at least one drive nut for engagement with a nut or in recesses of a nut and for subsequent tightening of the nut.
Die Spannvorrichtung weist bevorzugt ein Gehäuse mit einem Innenraum auf. Die Spannvorrichtung weist bevorzugt zumindest ein Deckelteil und/oder einen Adapter zur Fixierung der Verdrehsicherung auf. Das Deckelteil und/oder der Adapter weist bevorzugt eine entsprechend gegensätzliche beziehungsweise komplementäre Form zur Form des oberen Endbereiches der Verdrehsicherung auf. Das Deckelteil und/oder der Adapter können vorzugsweise eine komplementäre zur Form des oberen Endbereiches der Verdrehsicherung ausgebildete Aussparung und/oder Durchgangsöffnung aufweisen. Am Deckelteil der Spannvorrichtung ist vorzugswiese mittig, weiter bevorzugt in einer Längsrichtung der Spannvorrichtung unterhalb des Deckelteils, der Adapter angeordnet. Der Adapter weist vorzugsweise eine Adapterausnehmung für die Verdrehsicherung und bevorzugt auch ein Federelement auf. Das Gehäuse mit dem Deckelteil weist vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen eine offene Seite auf, die zur teilweisen Aufnahme des anordenbaren Bolzens ausgebildet ist. Der Bolzenüberstand ist vorzugsweise im Bereich des Deckelteils oder in einem darüber angeordneten Bereich, der von einer Kappe bedeckt ist, ermittelbar. Das Deckelteil, die Kappe und/oder der Adapter weisen bevorzugt eine Durchgangsöffnung für die Verdrehsicherung auf.The tensioning device preferably has a housing with an interior space. The clamping device preferably has at least one cover part and/or an adapter for fixing the anti-twist device. The cover part and/or the adapter preferably has a correspondingly opposite or complementary shape to the shape of the upper end area of the anti-twist device. The cover part and/or the adapter can preferably have a recess and/or through-opening designed to complement the shape of the upper end area of the anti-twist device. On the cover part of the clamping device is The adapter is preferably arranged centrally, more preferably in a longitudinal direction of the clamping device below the cover part. The adapter preferably has an adapter recess for the anti-twist device and preferably also a spring element. The housing with the cover part preferably essentially has an open side, which is designed to partially accommodate the bolt that can be arranged. The projection of the bolt can preferably be determined in the area of the cover part or in an area arranged above it, which is covered by a cap. The cover part, the cap and/or the adapter preferably have a through-opening for the anti-twist device.
Die Spannvorrichtung umfasst vorzugsweise zumindest eine Zugeinheit zur Längung des Befestigungsmittels. Die Zugeinheit weist ein Zugeinheitsinnengewinde zum Eingriff in das entsprechende Bolzenaußengewinde eines Bolzens im Bereich des Bolzenüberstands auf. Die Zugeinheit ist vorzugsweise in dem zumindest einen Innenraum der Spannvorrichtung angeordnet. Zur Aufnahme der Verdrehsicherung weist die Zugeinheit, vorzugsweise in Richtung der Längserstreckung der Spannvorrichtung, zumindest eine Sicherungsausnehmung auf, die durch die Zugeinheit hindurch verläuft. Die Verdrehsicherung ist vorzugsweise zumindest mit einem Teilbereich des Mittelbereiches in der Sicherungsausnehmung angeordnet.The tensioning device preferably comprises at least one pulling unit for lengthening the fastening means. The traction unit has a traction unit internal thread for engaging in the corresponding external bolt thread of a bolt in the area of the bolt protrusion. The pulling unit is preferably arranged in the at least one interior space of the clamping device. To accommodate the anti-twist device, the traction unit has at least one securing recess, preferably in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the tensioning device, which runs through the traction unit. The anti-twist device is preferably arranged in the securing recess with at least a partial area of the central area.
Die Verdrehsicherung ist vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet oder in der Befestigungsanordnung gelagert, dass mit der Verdrehsicherung ein Bolzenüberstand (lu) messbar ist. Beispielsweise ist die Verdrehsicherung vorzugsweise derart verschiebbar in der Befestigungsanordung beziehungsweise der Spannvorrichtung gelagert, dass beispielsweise beim Verspannen die Verdrehsicherung durch den anordenbaren Bolzen nach oben und/oder zumindest teilweise aus der Befestigungsanordnung herausgedrückt wird, wobei durch die Verlagerung der Verdrehsicherung in der Befestigungsanordnung der Bolzenüberstand (lu) messbar oder ableitbar wird. Der obere Endbereich der Verdrehsicherung kann zumindest eine Markierung umfassen, die beispielsweise zeigt, ob ein ausreichender Bolzenüberstand vorliegt. Die Markierung kann ein Farbmarkierung sein.The anti-rotation device is preferably designed or mounted in the fastening arrangement in such a way that a bolt overhang (lu) can be measured with the anti-rotation device. For example, the anti-rotation device is preferably mounted in the fastening arrangement or the clamping device so that it can be displaced in such a way that, for example, during tensioning, the anti-rotation device is pushed upwards and/or at least partially out of the fastening arrangement by the bolt that can be arranged, the bolt protrusion ( lu) becomes measurable or derivable. The upper end area of the anti-twist device can include at least one marking that shows, for example, whether the bolt protrudes sufficiently. The marking can be a color marking.
Zur Bestimmung des Bolzenüberstandes (lu) umfasst die Befestigungsanordnung die Hülse, mit der der Bolzenüberstand (lu) messbar ist. Die Hülse ist um die Verdrehsicherung herum angeordnet. Die Hülse wird vorzugsweise in Anlage mit der Bolzenstirnseite des anordenbaren Bolzens gebracht. Die Verdrehsicherung ist im Innenraum der Hülse anordenbar. Die Hülse ist vorzugsweise derart verschiebbar in der Befestigungsanordnung beziehungsweise der Spannvorrichtung gelagert, dass beispielsweise beim Verspannen die Hülse durch den anordenbaren Bolzen beziehungsweise dessen Bolzenstirnseite nach oben und/oder zumindest teilweise aus der Befestigungsanordnung herausgedrückt wird, wobei die Verlagerung der Hülse in der Befestigungseinrichtung in der Bolzenüberstand (lu) messbar oder ableitbar wird. Gefährliche Betriebszustände, die bei einem mangelhaften Eingriff der Zugeinheit mit dem Bolzen auftreten, hervorgerufen durch Toleranzen der Bolzen und Flansche als auch der Spalte zwischen diesen, werden durch die Vorsehen einer Bestimmung des Bolzenüberstandes vermieden.To determine the bolt overhang (lu), the fastening arrangement includes the sleeve, with which the bolt overhang (lu) can be measured. The sleeve is arranged around the anti-rotation device. The sleeve is preferably brought into contact with the bolt face of the bolt that can be arranged. The anti-twist device can be arranged in the interior of the sleeve. The The sleeve is preferably slidably mounted in the fastening arrangement or the clamping device in such a way that, for example, during clamping, the sleeve is pushed upwards and/or at least partially out of the fastening arrangement by the bolt that can be arranged or the front side of the bolt, with the displacement of the sleeve in the fastening device in the bolt overhang (lu) becomes measurable or derivable. Dangerous operating conditions, which occur when the traction unit does not engage properly with the bolt, caused by tolerances in the bolts and flanges as well as the gaps between them, are avoided by providing a determination of the bolt protrusion.
Die Befestigungsanordnung umfasst vorzugsweise mindestens ein Federelement, das zumindest in Teilbereichen um die Verdrehsicherung herum angeordnet ist. Durch ein erstes Federelement kann beim Verspannen die Verdrehsicherung gegen die Bolzenstirnseite des anordenbaren Bolzens gedrückt werden, damit die Verdrehsicherung und der Bolzen, ggf. nach einer Drehbewegung der Verdrehsicherung, verrasten. Das erste Federelement steht in Wirkverbindung mit der Verdrehsicherung. In einer Kappe und/oder in dem Deckelteil der Spannvorrichtung kann das erste Federelement zur Anordnung beziehungsweise Pressung des unteren Endbereiches der Verdrehsicherung in eine Ausnehmung oder auf eine Bolzenstirnseite des Bolzens angeordnet sein, bevorzugt in der Kappe. Die Kappe ist oberhalb des Deckelteils angeordnet, zugeordnet dem oberen Endbereich der Verdrehsicherung. Das erste Federelement ist vorgespannt ausgebildet, und drückt beispielsweise gegen eine Sicherungsscheibe, die auf einem Sicherungsring aufliegt, der in einer Nut der Verdrehsicherung angeordnet ist. Ein zweites Federelement für die Anordnung beziehungsweise Pressung der Hülse auf der Bolzenstirnseite des Bolzens kann im Deckelteil und dem Adapter angeordnet sein.The fastening arrangement preferably comprises at least one spring element which is arranged around the anti-twist device at least in partial areas. A first spring element can be used to press the anti-rotation lock against the bolt end face of the bolt that can be arranged during tensioning, so that the anti-rotation lock and the bolt latch, possibly after a rotary movement of the anti-rotation lock. The first spring element is operatively connected to the anti-twist device. In a cap and/or in the cover part of the tensioning device, the first spring element for arranging or pressing the lower end region of the anti-twist device can be arranged in a recess or on a bolt end face of the bolt, preferably in the cap. The cap is arranged above the cover part, assigned to the upper end area of the anti-twist device. The first spring element is pretensioned and presses, for example, against a locking washer that rests on a locking ring that is arranged in a groove of the anti-twist device. A second spring element for arranging or pressing the sleeve on the bolt end face of the bolt can be arranged in the cover part and the adapter.
Ein zweites Federelement für die Anordnung beziehungsweise Pressung der Hülse auf die Bolzenstirnseite des Bolzens kann im Deckelteil und/oder dem Adapter, bevorzugt im Deckelteil und im Adapter, angeordnet sein. Das zweite Federelement ist bevorzugt am Deckelteil oder Adapter gehalten, bevorzugt am Deckelteil. Es ist vorgespannt zwischen dieser Halterung und einem Gegenlager, welches durch die Hülse zur Verfügung gestellt ist, beispielsweise durch an deren Außenumfang angeordnete Vorsprünge oder einen dort angeordneten vorspringenden Ring. Das Gegenlager wiederum kann vorzugsweise auf ein drittes Federelement wirken, welches mit der Zugeinheit zusammenwirkt. Durch Vorsehung eines ersten, mit der Verdrehsicherung zusammenwirkenden Federelementes und einem zweiten, mit der Hülse zusammenwirkenden Federelement, sind die Bewegungen in Längsrichtung der Befestigungsanordnung von Verdrehsicherung und Hülse entkoppelt. Hierdurch wird der Bolzenüberstand mittels Bestimmung einer Differenzlänge zwischen Hülse und Verdrehsicherung, beispielsweise sensorisch, sehr genau bestimmbar.A second spring element for arranging or pressing the sleeve onto the bolt end face of the bolt can be arranged in the cover part and/or the adapter, preferably in the cover part and in the adapter. The second spring element is preferably held on the cover part or adapter, preferably on the cover part. It is prestressed between this holder and a counter bearing, which is made available by the sleeve, for example by means of projections arranged on its outer circumference or a protruding ring arranged there. The counter bearing, in turn, can preferably be placed on a third spring element act, which interacts with the traction unit. By providing a first spring element, which interacts with the anti-twist device, and a second spring element, which interacts with the sleeve, the movements in the longitudinal direction of the fastening arrangement of the anti-twist device and the sleeve are decoupled. As a result, the projection of the bolt can be determined very precisely by determining a difference in length between the sleeve and the anti-rotation device, for example using sensors.
Eine alternative Methode zur Bestimmung des Bolzenüberstandes wäre die Vorsehung einer Längsbohrung durch die gesamte Länge der Verdrehsicherung, so dass z.B. durch mechanische oder optische Taster oder Sensoren eine Differenz in Bezug auf die der Verdrehsicherung zugewandte Bolzenstirnseite des Bolzens für die Bewegung der Verdrehsicherung ermittelt werden kann. Bei einer solchen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorteilhaft ein geringerer apparativer Aufwand notwendig, denn es muss nur ein erstes Federelement, welches in Wirkverbindung mit der Verdrehsicherung ist, vorgesehen sein. Das erste und bevorzugt einzige Federelement dieser Ausführungsform ist gegen die Zugeinrichtung vorgespannt gelagert. Es ist bevorzugt unterhalb zumindest teilweise unterhalb des Deckelteils und/oder des Adapters, bevorzugt teilweise nur im Adapter, gelagert.An alternative method for determining the protrusion of the bolt would be to provide a longitudinal bore through the entire length of the anti-twist device, so that a difference in relation to the front side of the bolt facing the anti-twist device can be determined for the movement of the anti-twist device, e.g. using mechanical or optical probes or sensors. In such an embodiment of the invention, less expenditure on equipment is advantageously required, since only a first spring element, which is operatively connected to the anti-twist device, has to be provided. The first and preferably only spring element of this embodiment is mounted in a prestressed manner against the pulling device. It is preferably mounted at least partially below the cover part and/or the adapter, preferably partially only in the adapter.
Der Bolzenüberstand ist vorzugsweise im Bereich des Deckelteils oder in einem darüber angeordneten Bereich, der von einer Kappe bedeckt ist, ermittelbar. Gemäß einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Befestigungsanordnung eine Verdrehsicherung auf. Die Verdrehsicherung weist eine Längserstreckung in Richtung einer Längsachse x auf. Die Verdrehsicherung erstreckt sich im Wesentlichen stabförmig in Richtung der Längserstreckung. Die Verdrehsicherung weist einen oberen Endbereich mit einer oberen Stirnseite, einen Mittelbereich und einen unteren Endbereich mit einer unteren Stirnseite auf. Der obere Endbereich und der untere Endbereich bilden jeweils einen Endbereich der Längserstreckung und zwischen dem oberen Endbereich und dem unteren Endbereich ist der Mittelbereich angeordnet. Der obere Endbereich ist derart ausgebildet, dass die Verdrehsicherung mittels einer anordenbaren Spannvorrichtung zumindest rotatorisch um die Längsachse x fixierbar ist. Der untere Endbereich ist derart ausgebildet, dass ein anordenbarer Bolzen zumindest rotatorisch um die Längsachse x fixierbar ist. Der untere Endbereich weist die Form eines Vierkants auf, womit die untere Stirnseite im Wesentlichen rechteckig ausgebildet ist. Der Mittelbereich erstreckt sich ausgehend vom unteren Endbereich im Wesentlichen zylindrisch in Richtung der Längserstreckung bis zum oberen Endbereich. Der Mittelbereich kann zylinderförmig oder vielkantig ausgebildet sein. Der Mittelbereich weist beabstandet zum oberen Endbereich eine Nut auf. In der Nut ist vorzugsweise ein Sicherungsring anordenbar. Die Nut ist alternativ mit Sicherungsring in der unteren Zugeinheit der Spannvorrichtung angeordnet. Der obere Endbereich ist in einer weiteren, alternativen Ausführungsform im Wesentlichen zweistufig ausgebildet. Angrenzend an den Mittelbereich weist der obere Endbereich die Form eines Vierkants auf. Angrenzend an die vierkantige Form weist der obere Endbereich ein relativ kleines zylindrisches Teilstück auf. Das zylindrische Teilstück des oberen Endbereiches weist einen etwas geringeren Durchmesser als der Mittelbereich auf. Dieses Teilstück, was auch als Endstück des oberen Endbereiches angesprochen werden kann, kann auch wegfallen, insbesondere, wenn eine Hülse, wie weiter unten beschrieben, vorgesehen ist.The projection of the bolt can preferably be determined in the area of the cover part or in an area arranged above it, which is covered by a cap. According to a first preferred embodiment, the fastening arrangement has an anti-twist device. The anti-twist device has a longitudinal extent in the direction of a longitudinal axis x. The anti-twist device extends essentially in the form of a rod in the direction of the longitudinal extension. The anti-twist device has an upper end area with an upper face, a middle area and a lower end area with a lower face. The upper end area and the lower end area each form an end area of the longitudinal extent, and the middle area is arranged between the upper end area and the lower end area. The upper end area is designed in such a way that the anti-twist device can be fixed at least rotationally about the longitudinal axis x by means of a clamping device that can be arranged. The lower end area is designed in such a way that a bolt that can be arranged can be fixed at least in rotation about the longitudinal axis x. The lower end area has the shape of a square, with the result that the lower end face is essentially rectangular. Starting from the lower end area, the middle area extends essentially cylindrically in the direction of the longitudinal extension up to the upper end area. The middle area can be cylindrical or polygonal. The central area has a groove at a distance from the upper end area. A retaining ring can preferably be arranged in the groove. Alternatively, the groove is arranged with a locking ring in the lower pulling unit of the clamping device. In a further, alternative embodiment, the upper end region is formed essentially in two stages. Adjacent to the central area, the upper end area has the shape of a square. Adjacent to the square shape, the upper end portion has a relatively small cylindrical portion. The cylindrical section of the upper end area has a slightly smaller diameter than the central area. This part, which can also be referred to as the end part of the upper end area, can also be omitted, in particular if a sleeve is provided, as described below.
Gemäß einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Befestigungsanordnung neben der Verdrehsicherung gemäß der ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform eine Spannvorrichtung auf. Die Spannvorrichtung umfasst zumindest ein Gehäuse mit einem Deckelteil, eine Zugeinheit und eine Befestigungseinheit. Das Gehäuse weist einen Innenraum auf, in dem die Zugeinheit angeordnet ist. Die Zugeinheit weist ein Zugeinheitsinnengewinde zum Eingriff in das entsprechende Bolzenaußengewinde eines Bolzens im Bereich dessen Bolzenüberstands auf. In Richtung einer Längserstreckung der Verdrehsicherung weist die Zugeinheit eine Sicherungsausnehmung auf. Die Sicherungsausnehmung erstreckt sich vollständig durch die Zugeinheit. Durch die Sicherungsausnehmung hindurch ist die Verdrehsicherung mit ihrem Mittelbereich angeordnet. Das Gehäuse mit dem Deckelteil weist im Wesentlichen eine offene Seite auf, die bei einer Montage der Spannvorrichtung auf einer Mutterseite einer Aufnahmeeinheit in Richtung der Mutterseite ausgebildet ist. Am Deckelteil der Spannvorrichtung ist mittig ein Adapter angeordnet. Der Adapter weist eine Adapterausnehmung auf. In einer Adapterausnehmung des Adapters ist die Verdrehsicherung teilweise angeordnet. Die Verdrehsicherung ist vom Deckelteil rotatorisch fixiert. An einem dem Deckelteil gegenüberliegenden Ende der Spannvorrichtung ist ein Bolzen beziehungsweise ein Bolzensystem anordenbar. Die Spannvorrichtung umfasst eine Befestigungseinheit mit einer Antriebsnuss zum Eingriff in Ausnehmungen einer Mutter und zum anschließenden Festdrehen der Mutter.According to a second preferred embodiment, the fastening arrangement has a tensioning device in addition to the anti-twist device according to the first preferred embodiment. The tensioning device comprises at least one housing with a cover part, a traction unit and a fastening unit. The housing has an interior space in which the traction unit is arranged. The traction unit has a traction unit internal thread for engaging in the corresponding external bolt thread of a bolt in the area of its bolt overhang. In the direction of a longitudinal extent of the anti-twist device, the traction unit has a safety cutout. The safety cut-out extends completely through the pulling unit. The anti-twist device is arranged with its central area through the safety recess. The housing with the cover part essentially has an open side, which is formed in the direction of the nut side when the clamping device is mounted on a nut side of a receiving unit. An adapter is arranged centrally on the cover part of the clamping device. The adapter has an adapter recess. The anti-twist device is partially arranged in an adapter recess of the adapter. The anti-twist device is rotationally fixed by the cover part. A bolt or a bolt system can be arranged at an end of the clamping device opposite the cover part. The tensioning device comprises a fastening unit with a drive nut for engaging in recesses in a nut and for subsequently tightening the nut.
In einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Befestigungsanordnung die Hülse auf, die sich um zumindest den Mittelbereich und einen Teil des oberen Endbereiches der Verdrehsicherung erstreckt. Mit der Hülse ist auch ein Bolzenüberstand lu messbar. Die Hülse ist hierfür in Anlage mit einer Bolzenstirnseite eines anordenbaren Bolzens. Der Bolzenüberstand ist vorzugsweise im Bereich des Deckelteils oder in einem darüber angeordneten Bereich, der von einer Kappe bedeckt ist, ermittelbar. In der Kappe ist ein oberes, erstes Federelement zur Anordnung beziehungsweise Pressung des unteren Endbereiches der Verdrehsicherung in der Ausnehmung des Bolzens angeordnet. Das erste Federelement drückt gegen die Scheibe beziehungsweise Sicherungsscheibe, die auf dem Sicherungsring aufliegt, der in der Nut der Verdrehsicherung angeordnet ist. Ein unteres, zweites Federelement für die Anordnung beziehungsweise Pressung der Hülse auf der Bolzenstirnseite des Bolzens ist im Deckelteil und dem Adapter angeordnet. Beim Verspannen drückt der zu verspannende Bolzen die Verdrehsicherung gegen das obere, erste Federelement nach oben. Die Verdrehsicherung wird dann durch eine Durchgangsöffnung im Deckelteil beziehungsweise einer Kappe herausgedrückt. Hierdurch ist der Bolzenüberstand lu und/oder ein Längungswert ΔI angezeigt beziehungsweise ermittelbar.In a further preferred embodiment, the fastening arrangement has the sleeve, which extends around at least the central area and a part of the upper end area of the anti-rotation device. A bolt overhang lu can also be measured with the sleeve. For this purpose, the sleeve is in contact with a bolt end face of a bolt that can be arranged. The projection of the bolt can preferably be determined in the area of the cover part or in an area arranged above it, which is covered by a cap. An upper, first spring element is arranged in the cap for arranging or pressing the lower end region of the anti-twist device in the recess of the bolt. The first spring element presses against the washer or locking washer, which rests on the locking ring that is arranged in the groove of the anti-twist device. A lower, second spring element for arranging or pressing the sleeve on the front side of the bolt is arranged in the cover part and the adapter. When braced, the bolt to be braced presses the anti-twist device upwards against the upper, first spring element. The anti-twist device is then pushed out through a through-opening in the cover part or a cap. As a result, the bolt protrusion lu and/or an elongation value ΔI is displayed or can be determined.
Es werden eine nicht in den Schutzbereich der Ansprüche fallende Verdrehsicherung, wie oben beschrieben, insbesondere zur Verwendung in einer erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsanordnung, und ein nicht in den Schutzbereich der Ansprüche fallendes Befestigungsmittel zur Verspannung mittels einer Befestigungsanordnung vorgeschlagen, das mindestens einen Bolzen eines Bolzensystems umfasst, wobei der Bolzen eine entsprechend gegensätzliche Form zu einer Form eines unteren Endbereiches einer Verdrehsicherung aufweist. Die Verdrehsicherung ist bevorzugt wie zur erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsanordnung beschrieben ausgebildet. Der Bolzen ist bevorzugt wie zur erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsanordnung beschrieben ausgebildet. Das Befestigungsmittel umfasst vorzugsweise zumindest eine Aufnahmevorrichtung, ausgebildet wie zur erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsanordnung weiter oben beschrieben ist.An anti-twist device, as described above, which does not fall within the scope of protection of the claims, in particular for use in a fastening arrangement according to the invention, and a fastening means for bracing by means of a fastening arrangement which does not fall within the scope of protection of the claims are proposed, which comprises at least one bolt of a bolt system, wherein the bolt has a correspondingly opposite shape to a shape of a lower end region of an anti-rotation device. The anti-twist device is preferably designed as described for the fastening arrangement according to the invention. The bolt is preferably designed as described for the fastening arrangement according to the invention. The fastening means preferably comprises at least one receiving device, designed as described above for the fastening arrangement according to the invention.
Gemäß einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst das Befestigungsmittel zumindest einen Bolzen mit einer Bolzenstirnseite, die beispielsweise eine abgewandte Seite von einem Widerlager des Bolzensystems bildet ist, auf der der Bolzen eine mittige Ausnehmung aufweist. Die Ausnehmung weist eine rechteckige Form auf. Die Ausnehmung ist als Vielkant-Ausnehmung ausgebildet, und ist bevorzugt vierkantig oder sechskantig ausgebildet. Der Bolzen ist vorzugsweise als ein HV Bolzen ausgebildet.According to a first preferred embodiment, the fastening means comprises at least one bolt with a bolt face that forms, for example, a side facing away from an abutment of the bolt system, on which the bolt has a central recess. The recess has a rectangular shape. The recess is a polygonal recess formed, and is preferably formed square or hexagonal. The bolt is preferably designed as an HV bolt.
Das Bolzensystem umfasst vorzugsweise auch zumindest eine Mutter und zumindest ein Widerlager. Von einer Bolzenstirnseite abgewandt ist auf dem Bolzen beispielsweise ein Widerlager angeordnet. Das Widerlager weist vorzugsweise einen Schraubenkopf auf, der unmittelbar mit dem Bolzenmaterial verbunden ist. Über dem Widerlager und unter der Mutter kann jeweils eine Unterlegscheibe angeordnet sein.The bolt system preferably also includes at least one nut and at least one abutment. A counter bearing, for example, is arranged on the bolt facing away from a bolt end face. The abutment preferably has a screw head which is directly connected to the bolt material. A washer can be arranged above the abutment and below the nut.
Die Aufnahmevorrichtung als Teil des Bolzensystems umfasst vorzugsweise eine Flanschverbindung, die weiter bevorzugt zwei Flansche aufweist. Die Aufnahmevorrichtung weist vorzugsweise eine Flanschausnehmung auf, die durch die beiden Flansche der Flanschverbindung hindurch verläuft. Ein Bolzen des Bolzensystems ist vorzugsweise in die Flanschausnehmung eingebracht. Die Mutter des Bolzensystems ist vorzugsweise einer Mutterseite der Aufnahmevorrichtung zugeordnet und das Widerlager einer gegenüberliegenden Seite der Aufnahmevorrichtung.The receiving device as part of the bolt system preferably comprises a flange connection, which more preferably has two flanges. The receiving device preferably has a flange recess which runs through the two flanges of the flange connection. A bolt of the bolt system is preferably introduced into the flange recess. The nut of the bolt system is preferably assigned to a nut side of the receiving device and the abutment to an opposite side of the receiving device.
Es wird eine nicht in den Schutzbereich der Ansprüche fallende Verwendung einer Befestigungsanordnung zum Verspannen von Befestigungsmitteln vorgeschlagen, wobei ein Bolzen eines Bolzensystems während der Verspannung von einer Verdrehsicherung fixiert wird. Die Befestigungsanordnung, die Verdrehsicherung und der Bolzen sind bevorzugt wie zur erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsanordnung und zum Befestigungsmittel beschrieben ausgebildet.A use of a fastening arrangement for bracing fastening means that does not fall within the scope of protection of the claims is proposed, a bolt of a bolt system being fixed by an anti-twist device during the bracing. The fastening arrangement, the anti-twist device and the bolt are preferably designed as described for the fastening arrangement according to the invention and for the fastening means.
Die Erfindung schlägt gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt ein Verfahren zum Verspannen von Befestigungsmitteln, die mindestens einen Bolzen eines Bolzensystems umfassen, mittels einer Befestigungsanordnung, die gemäß dem ersten Aspekt ausgebildet ist, vor, umfassend die Schritte
- a) Einbringen des Bolzens in eine Flanschausnehmung einer Aufnahmevorrichtung,
- b) Montieren einer Spannvorrichtung auf einer Mutterseite der Aufnahmevorrichtung,
- c) Anordnen einer Verdrehsicherung an der Spannvorrichtung, so dass die Verdrehsicherung zumindest rotatorisch fixiert wird,
- d) Anordnen der Verdrehsicherung am Bolzen, so dass der Bolzen zumindest rotatorisch fixiert wird,
- e) Verspannen der Befestigungsmittel,
- f) Messen eines Bolzenüberstands des Bolzens mit Hilfe der Hülse.
- a) inserting the bolt into a flange recess of a receiving device,
- b) mounting a clamping device on a nut side of the receiving device,
- c) arranging an anti-rotation device on the clamping device, so that the anti-rotation device is fixed at least rotationally,
- d) arranging the anti-twist device on the bolt so that the bolt is at least rotationally fixed,
- e) tightening of the fasteners,
- f) measuring a bolt overhang of the bolt using the sleeve.
Die Befestigungsanordnung, die Verdrehsicherung, das Befestigungsmittel und der Bolzen sind bevorzugt wie zur erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsanordnung und zum Befestigungsmittel weiter oben beschrieben ausgebildet. Das Befestigungsmittel umfasst vorzugsweise zumindest eine Aufnahmevorrichtung, die wie vorbeschrieben ausgebildet ist. Bevorzugt erfolgt Schritt c) dadurch, dass die Verdrehsicherung an einem Deckelteil oder einer Zugeinheit der Spannvorrichtung angeordnet wird. Schritt e) erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels einer Befestigungseinheit der Spannvorrichtung. Die Befestigungseinheit kann wie zur erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsvorrichtung beschrieben, ausgebildet sein. Die Befestigungseinheit weist vorzugsweise ein bestimmbares Drehmoment auf, mit welchem die Befestigungsmittel verspannt werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren umfasst ein Ermitteln eines Bolzenüberstandes. Die Ermittlung kann insbesondere mittels der Verdrehsicherung erfolgen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann auch ein Messen eines Längungswertes (ΔI) des Bolzens umfassen. Hierfür kann der Bolzenüberstand vor und nach dem Verspannen gemessen werden, beispielsweise mittels der Verdrehsicherung. Die Änderung des Bolzenüberstands spielgelt dann die Längung beziehungsweise Streckung des Bolzens wieder.The fastening arrangement, the anti-twist device, the fastening means and the bolt are preferably designed as described above for the fastening arrangement according to the invention and for the fastening means. The fastening means preferably comprises at least one receiving device which is designed as described above. Step c) preferably takes place in that the anti-twist device is arranged on a cover part or a pulling unit of the tensioning device. Step e) preferably takes place by means of a fastening unit of the clamping device. The fastening unit can be designed as described for the fastening device according to the invention. The fastening unit preferably has a determinable torque with which the fastening means are braced. The method according to the invention includes determining a bolt protrusion. The determination can take place in particular by means of the anti-twist device. The method according to the invention can also include measuring an elongation value (ΔI) of the bolt. For this purpose, the bolt overhang can be measured before and after tightening, for example using the anti-twist device. The change in the bolt protrusion then reflects the elongation or stretching of the bolt.
Wird im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung, auch umfassend das erfindungsgemäße Messsystem, der Begriff "etwa" oder "im Wesentlichen" in Bezug auf Werte oder Wertebereiche verwendet, ist hierunter dasjenige zu verstehen, was der Fachmann in dem gegebenen Zusammenhang als fachmännisch üblich ansehen wird. Insbesondere sind Abweichungen der angegeben Werte von ±10 %, bevorzugt ±5 %, weiter bevorzugt von ±2 %, von den Begriffen "etwa" und "im Wesentlichen" umfasst.If the term "approximately" or "substantially" is used in relation to values or value ranges within the scope of the present invention, also including the measuring system according to the invention, this is to be understood as meaning what the person skilled in the art will consider to be customary in the given context. In particular, deviations from the stated values of ±10%, preferably ±5%, more preferably ±2%, are encompassed by the terms “approximately” and “substantially”.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen gehen aus den nachfolgenden Zeichnungen hervor. Gleiche Teile oder Teile mit gleicher Funktion können die gleichen Bezugszeichen aufweisen. Es zeigen:
- FIG. 1
- eine Ausführungsform einer Verdrehsicherung 20 in einer seitlichen Schnittansicht;
- FIG. 2
- die
Verdrehsicherung 20 ausFIG. 1 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht; - FIG. 3
- eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsanordnung 10 sowie eines Bolzensystems 82 in einem seitlichen Teilschnitt;
- FIG. 3a
- eine erste Detailansicht aus
FIG. 3 ; - FIG. 3b
- eine zweite Detailansicht aus
FIG. 3 ; - FIG. 4
- eine Ausführungsform eines
Adapters 57einer Spannvorrichtung 50der Befestigungsanordnung 10 ausFIG. 3 in einer seitlichen Schnittansicht; und - FIG. 5
- eine Ausführungsform eines Befestigungsmittels 80 in einer seitlichen Schnittansicht durch eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 92.
- FIG. 1
- an embodiment of an
anti-rotation device 20 in a lateral sectional view; - FIG. 2
- the
anti-twist device 20 offFIG. 1 in a perspective view; - FIG. 3
- an embodiment of a
fastening arrangement 10 according to the invention as well as abolt system 82 in a lateral partial section; - FIG. 3a
- a first detailed view
FIG. 3 ; - FIG. 3b
- a second detailed view
FIG. 3 ; - FIG. 4
- an embodiment of an
adapter 57 of aclamping device 50 of thefastening arrangement 10FIG. 3 in a side sectional view; and - FIG. 5
- an embodiment of a
fastener 80 in a side sectional view through a receivingdevice 92.
Der untere Endbereich 26 weist die Form eines Vierkants auf, womit die untere Stirnseite 27 im Wesentlichen rechteckig ausgebildet ist. Der Mittelbereich 24 erstreckt sich ausgehend vom unteren Endbereich 26 im Wesentlichen zylindrisch in Richtung der Längserstreckung bis zum oberen Endbereich 22. Der im Wesentlichen zylindrische Mittelbereich, der auch mehrkantig, beispielsweise als Vierkant ausgebildet sein kann, weist leicht beabstandet zum oberen Endbereich 22, aber näher zum oberen Endbereich 22 als zum unteren Endbereich 26, eine Nut 25 auf. In der Nut 25 ist ein Sicherungsring anordenbar. Der obere Endbereich 22 ist im Wesentlichen zweistufig ausgebildet. Angrenzend an den Mittelbereich 24 weist der obere Endbereich 22 die Form eines Vierkants auf. Angrenzend an die vierkantige Form weist der obere Endbereich 22 ein relativ kleines zylindrisches Teilstück auf. Das zylindrische Endstück des oberen Endbereiches 22 weist einen etwas geringeren Durchmesser als das Mittelstück 24 auf. Er dient einer Art Vorfixierung der Verdrehsicherung 20 in einer Spannvorrichtung durch Zusammenwirken mit einer Ausnehmung der Spannvorrichtung. Der obere Endbereich 22 ist derart ausgebildet, dass die Verdrehsicherung 20 mittels einer anordenbaren Spannvorrichtung 50 (siehe
Die Spannvorrichtung 50 umfasst die Befestigungseinheit 52, die die Mutter 88 im Wesentlichen umschließt. Die Befestigungseinheit 52 weist eine Antriebsnuss 53 auf, die in Ausnehmungen der Mutter 88 eingreifbar ausgebildet ist und somit die Mutter 88 dreht. Auf einer Bolzenstirnseite 85, die eine abgewandte Seite vom Widerlager 86 (siehe
Am Deckelteil 56 der Spannvorrichtung 50 ist mittig ein Adapter 57 angeordnet. Der Adapter 57 weist eine Adapterausnehmung 58 (siehe
Zwischen der Mutter 88 und dem Deckelteil 56 ist die Zugeinheit 60 im Innenraum 55 der Spannvorrichtung 50 angeordnet. In Richtung einer Längserstreckung der Verdrehsicherung 20 weist die Zugeinheit 60 eine Sicherungsausnehmung 62 auf. Die Sicherungsausnehmung 62 erstreckt sich vollständig durch die Zugeinheit 60. Durch die Sicherungsausnehmung 62 hindurch ist die Verdrehsicherung 20 mit einem Mittelbereich 24 angeordnet.The pulling
Des Weiteren erstreckt sich um zumindest den Mittelbereich 24 und Teiles des oberen Endbereiches 22 eine Hülse 45. Die Hülse 45 ist von der Befestigungsanordnung 10 umfasst. Mit der Hülse 45 ist ein Bolzenüberstand lu messbar. Die Hülse 45 liegt auf der Bolzenstirnseite 85 des Bolzens 84 auf. Der Bolzenüberstand, der auf der Bolzenstirnseite 85 des Bolzens 84 gemessen wird, ist vorzugsweise im Bereich des Deckelteils 56 oder in einem darüber angeordneten Bereich, der von einer Kappe 59 bedeckt ist, ermittelbar.Furthermore, a
Der Bolzenüberstand lu ist bestimmt durch den freiliegenden seitlichen Abschnitt des Bolzens 84 zwischen der Bolzenstirnseite 85 und der Mutter 88. Die Spannvorrichtung 50 setzt am freiliegenden seitlichen Abschnitt des Bolzens beziehungsweise an einem dort vorliegenden Gewinde an.The bolt overhang lu is determined by the exposed lateral section of the
Die in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsformen sind nicht beschränkend auszulegen. Vielmehr können dort beschriebene Merkmale untereinander und mit den zuvor beschriebenen Merkmalen zu weiteren Ausgestaltungen kombiniert werden.The embodiments shown in the figures are not to be interpreted as restrictive. Rather, the features described there can be combined with one another and with the features described above to form further configurations.
Claims (12)
- Fastening arrangement (10) for tensioning fastening means (80), at least comprising- one anti-twist device (20), which can be arranged in a clamping device (50),wherein- the anti-twist device (20) has a longitudinal extension in the direction of a longitudinal axis (x) and has an upper end region (22) with an upper end face (23), a middle region (24) and a lower end region (26) with a lower end face (27),- the upper end region (22) and the lower end region (26) each form an end region of the longitudinal extension and the middle region (24) is arranged between the upper end region (22) and the lower end region (26),- the upper end region (22) is designed in such a way that the anti-twist device (20) can be fixed at least rotationally by means of the arrangeable clamping device (50),- the lower end region (26) is designed in such a way that an arrangeable bolt (84) can be fixed at least rotationally,characterized in that- the fastening arrangement (10) comprises a sleeve (45) which is arranged around the anti-twist device (20) and with which a bolt protrusion (lu) of the bolt (84) can be measured.
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the upper and/or the lower end region (22, 26) of the anti-twist device (20) have, at least in partial regions, a shape which is of polygonal design.
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the upper and/or the lower end region (22, 26) of the anti-twist device (20) are designed, at least in partial regions, as a socket wrench or socket nut and/or as a pin wrench.
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening arrangement (10) comprises at least one spring element (40) arranged around the anti-twist device (20) at least in partial areas.
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening arrangement (10) comprises a clamping device (50), wherein the clamping device (50) has an inner space (55) in which the anti-twist device (20) is arranged.
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping device (50) at a cover part (56) has a correspondingly opposite shape to the shape of the upper end portion (22) of the anti-twist device (20).
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to one or more of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the clamping device (50) comprises a pulling unit (60) which is arranged in the inner space (55) of the clamping device (50) and which has a securing recess (62) extending through the pulling unit (60), in which the anti-twist device (20) is arranged at least with the middle region (24).
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a bolt protrusion (lu) can be measured with the anti-twist device (20).
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anti-twist device (20) is arranged in the interior of the sleeve (45).
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeve (45) is displaceably mounted in the fastening arrangement (10) or the clamping device (50).
- Fastening arrangement (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that an elongation value (ΔI) can be measured with the anti-twist device (20).
- Method for tensioning fastening means (80) comprising at least one bolt (84) of a bolt system (82) by means of a fastening arrangement (10) formed according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps ofa) Inserting the bolt (84) into a flange recess (95) of a receiving device (92),b) Mounting a clamping device (50) on a nut side (96) of the receiving device (92),c) Arranging an anti-twist device (20) in the clamping device (50) so that the anti-twist device (20) is fixed at least rotationally,d) Arranging the anti-twist device (20) on the bolt (84) so that the bolt (84) is fixed at least rotationally,e) Tensioning of the fastening means (80),f) Measuring a bolt protrusion (lu) of the bolt (84) with the aid of the sleeve (45).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018109703.4A DE102018109703A1 (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2018-04-23 | Mounting arrangement for bracing fasteners at least comprising a rotation |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3566815A1 EP3566815A1 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
EP3566815C0 EP3566815C0 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
EP3566815B1 true EP3566815B1 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
Family
ID=66349302
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19170618.3A Active EP3566815B1 (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Fastening arrangement for tensioning fixing means comprising at least one anti-twist device |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3566815B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018109703A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2954494T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3566815T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020110895A1 (en) | 2020-04-22 | 2021-10-28 | SCHAAF GmbH & Co. KG | Procedure for installing and / or maintaining a flange connection, as well as tools and use |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1343667A (en) * | 1919-07-12 | 1920-06-15 | Evensen Carl | Bolting-up device |
GB1249979A (en) * | 1967-12-20 | 1971-10-13 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in tensioning devices |
GB8311702D0 (en) * | 1983-04-29 | 1983-06-02 | Inco Alloy Prod | Hydraulic jacking system |
DE8534790U1 (en) * | 1985-12-11 | 1986-02-06 | Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH, 5140 Erkelenz | Device for securing screw bolts against rotation |
US6490952B2 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2002-12-10 | John K. Junkers | Fastening device |
DE102005043095A1 (en) * | 2005-09-10 | 2007-03-15 | Atlas Copco Construction Tools Gmbh | Bolt e.g. head clamping screw, stretching device for e.g. hydraulic hammer, has bolt that is expanded to form gap partially mechanically closed by inserting spacer that is solitude multipart body with height that is larger than gap height |
JP4963409B2 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2012-06-27 | 株式会社青山製作所 | Axial force fastening method and axial force fastening tool |
-
2018
- 2018-04-23 DE DE102018109703.4A patent/DE102018109703A1/en active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-04-23 PL PL19170618.3T patent/PL3566815T3/en unknown
- 2019-04-23 ES ES19170618T patent/ES2954494T3/en active Active
- 2019-04-23 EP EP19170618.3A patent/EP3566815B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3566815C0 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
DE102018109703A1 (en) | 2019-10-24 |
ES2954494T3 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
PL3566815T3 (en) | 2023-10-23 |
EP3566815A1 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
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