EP3555843A1 - Surround view system for a vehicle - Google Patents

Surround view system for a vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP3555843A1
EP3555843A1 EP17807696.4A EP17807696A EP3555843A1 EP 3555843 A1 EP3555843 A1 EP 3555843A1 EP 17807696 A EP17807696 A EP 17807696A EP 3555843 A1 EP3555843 A1 EP 3555843A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
real camera
plane
image
camera
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17807696.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Georg Arbeiter
Stefan MILZ
Johannes PETZOLD
Jörg Schrepfer
Sudhan Dhana Sekaran
Rodrigo GARCIA MARQUES
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Conti Temic Microelectronic GmbH
Original Assignee
Conti Temic Microelectronic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Conti Temic Microelectronic GmbH filed Critical Conti Temic Microelectronic GmbH
Publication of EP3555843A1 publication Critical patent/EP3555843A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/80—Geometric correction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/698—Control of cameras or camera modules for achieving an enlarged field of view, e.g. panoramic image capture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
    • G06T15/10—Geometric effects
    • G06T15/20—Perspective computation
    • G06T15/205—Image-based rendering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T3/00—Geometric image transformations in the plane of the image
    • G06T3/02—Affine transformations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T3/00—Geometric image transformations in the plane of the image
    • G06T3/40—Scaling of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. expanding or contracting
    • G06T3/4038—Image mosaicing, e.g. composing plane images from plane sub-images
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/10—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used
    • B60R2300/102—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used using 360 degree surveillance camera system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30248—Vehicle exterior or interior
    • G06T2207/30252—Vehicle exterior; Vicinity of vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an all-round visibility system for a vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for
  • Illustrations on display units of a surround system typically include a projected image of a real camera mounted on a vehicle and taking pictures of the surroundings of the vehicle. Furthermore, geometric shapes are overlaid on the projected image of the camera, with the geometric shapes being e.g. to be able to act a trajectory of the vehicle.
  • the projected image of the camera must match the overlay. However, if the camera is mounted non-centrically on the vehicle, either the overlay or the image of the camera looks distorted. Such a distorted appearance is undesirable.
  • an all-round vision system for a vehicle is provided.
  • the omnidirectional system includes at least one physical camera for capturing an image of an environment of the vehicle from a non-centered position.
  • the real camera is preferably a digital camera, which can take pictures or filming of the surroundings of the vehicle and the image recordings or filming
  • the panoramic system may also include several, e.g. include four real cameras that can be mounted on the vehicle such that individual images of the multiple real cameras can be assembled into a total surround image (e.g., a 360 ° surround image of the vehicle).
  • the at least one real camera is in particular configured to take a plurality of images of the surroundings of the vehicle from a non-centered position.
  • the present invention is explained in connection with the taking of a single image of a single camera, the explanations nevertheless also apply to the images of the plurality of images which are different from the non-centered position from the surroundings of the vehicle and which by means of at least one real one Camera can be recorded.
  • the feature of the "non-centered position" can be understood in particular to mean that the camera is mounted eccentrically and obliquely on or in the vehicle relative to an imaginary longitudinal axis of the vehicle and can detect a forward range of the vehicle.
  • the all-round vision system comprises a virtual camera, an image processing unit and a display unit.
  • the image processing unit is on the one hand communicatively connected to the real camera. On the other hand, that is
  • Image processing unit also communicative with the Display unit connected.
  • the real camera can transmit image data to the image processing unit
  • the image processing unit can process the image data and the processed image data to the
  • the image processing unit may be implemented in a software-based manner.
  • the display unit is set up to display the image recorded by the real camera in a projected manner.
  • the display unit is also configured to display at least one geometric shape as an overlay projected over the image taken by the real camera.
  • the image processing unit is configured to project the image captured by the real camera onto a first surface or plane which is perpendicular to the real camera, so that in the image recorded by the real camera perspective distortions resulting from the image
  • the image processing unit is configured to project the at least one geometric shape onto a second surface or plane which is perpendicular to the virtual camera so that the at least one geometric shape is displayed undistorted on the display unit.
  • the real camera is thus structurally physically present, whereas the virtual camera is only intended or input into the image displayed on the display unit and a virtual perspective of a user of the all-round vision system according to the invention or a vehicle with the
  • the second level is the level that is displayed on the display unit, eg on a monitor in the area of the display Dashboard of the vehicle, and is visible to a user of the vehicle.
  • the image processing unit is set up to find an affine transformation between the first plane and the second plane by means of a delta transformation between the real camera and the virtual camera, and to apply the found affine transformation to the first plane, which is that of the real one Camera includes, projected and rectified image from the real camera, so that a modified representation of the rectified image (which is contained in the first plane) of the real camera with the at least one undistorted geometric shape in the second plane
  • the delta transformation takes into account the deviations of the real camera from the virtual camera with respect to the
  • the delta transformation particularly takes into account that the real camera is mounted non-centrically on the vehicle.
  • the image of the camera which has been projected equalized to the first plane, is artificially distorted in this way as if it had been taken from a position of the virtual camera.
  • This makes it possible to display objects which are contained in the image captured by the real camera in the second plane equalized and at the same time to allow an undistorted representation of at least one geometric shape, such as a trajectory of the vehicle, as an overlay in the second plane the objects and the at least one geometric shape in the second plane are correctly aligned with each other.
  • a vehicle comprising a surround view system according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the real camera
  • the vehicle is, for example, a motor vehicle, such as a car, bus or truck, or else a rail vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, such as a helicopter or airplane, or, for example, a bicycle.
  • a method for all-round view of an environment of a vehicle comprises capturing an image of the surroundings of the vehicle by means of the real camera and projecting the image taken by the real camera onto the first plane, which is perpendicular to the real camera, such that perspective distortions in the image captured by the real camera, which result from the non-centered position of the real camera, be equalized. Furthermore, the at least one geometric shape is projected as an overlay onto the second plane, which is perpendicular to the virtual camera, so that the at least one geometric shape is displayed undistorted on the display unit.
  • an affine transformation between the first plane and the second plane is found by means of a delta transformation between the real camera and the virtual camera, and the affine transformation found is applied to the first plane, which is the one taken, projected and equalized by the real camera Contains image of the real camera, so that a modified representation of the rectified image (which is included in the first level) the real camera is aligned with the at least one undistorted geometric shape in the second plane.
  • a program element which, when executed on a processor, instructs the processor to perform the method steps according to the method of the third aspect of the invention.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention is a
  • Program element is stored according to the fourth aspect of the invention, which, when executed on a processor, instructs the processor to perform the method steps according to the method of the third aspect of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of a vehicle with a
  • Fig. 2 is a highly simplified plan view of the vehicle of FIG. 1 and
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a possible
  • Fig. 1 and 2 show a vehicle 1 in the form of a motor vehicle.
  • the vehicle 1 comprises at least one digital physical or real camera 2, an image processing unit 3 and a display unit 4 in the form of a monitor within the vehicle 1 in a viewing area of a user, not shown.
  • the image processing unit 3 is communicative with the real one Camera 2 and connected to the display unit 4, so that the real camera 2 can transmit captured image representing image data to the image processing unit 3, which in turn process the received image data and the processed
  • Image data can be transmitted to the display unit 4.
  • Image processing unit 3 may alternatively be integrated into the real camera 2 or the display unit 4.
  • the vehicle 1 moves on a road 5, and the real camera 2 is mounted on the vehicle 1 such that the real camera 2 can take pictures of a lead-in area 6 in an external environment of the vehicle 1.
  • the real camera 2 is mounted non-centered on the vehicle 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal axis L of the vehicle 1, wherein the real camera 2 is mounted laterally offset next to the longitudinal axis L of the vehicle 1 on the vehicle 1.
  • Fig. 2 further shows that the real camera 2 is skewed, i. can not be mounted parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the vehicle 1 to the vehicle.
  • the real camera 2, the image processing unit 3 and the display unit 4 together form the all-round vision system of the vehicle 1, wherein the image processing unit 3 additionally generates a nonexistent virtual camera 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows how an image of the environment 6 of the vehicle 1 taken by the real camera 2 can be processed in order to be displayed on the display unit 4 of the vehicle 1 in an all-around image of the vehicle 1.
  • the image taken by the real camera 2 contains a plurality of objects, wherein in FIG. 3 one of these objects 8 is shown very schematically.
  • the object 8 may be, for example, a bumper of another vehicle (not shown) in the forward area of the vehicle 1.
  • the image taken by the real camera 2 with the object 8 is projected onto a first surface or plane 9 which is perpendicular to the real camera 2, so that in the image captured by the real camera 2 perspective distortions resulting from the non-specific centered position of the real camera 2 result, be equalized.
  • a first modified representation 8 ⁇ of the object 8 within the first plane 9 is created.
  • the image contents of the first plane 9 are not displayed on the display unit 4 of the vehicle 1, but the image contents of a second plane 10, which will be explained below.
  • the image processing unit 3 projects at least one geometric shape 11 to 13 as an overlay on the second plane 10, which is perpendicular to the virtual camera 7, so that the second plane 10 with the at least one geometric shape 11 to 13 undistorted on the display unit 4 of the vehicle. 1 is pictured.
  • FIG. 3 by way of example, three geometric shapes are shown, which include an intended trajectory of the
  • the image processing unit 3 finds an affine one
  • Transformation T between the first plane 9 and the second plane 10 by means of a delta transformation between the real camera 2 and the virtual camera 7 and applies the found affine transformation T to the first plane 9, which is the first modified representation 8 ⁇ of the object 8 contains.
  • a second modified representation 8 ⁇ ⁇ of the object 8 is formed within the second plane 10, wherein this second modified representation 8 ⁇ ⁇ with the at least one

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a surround view system for a vehicle. The surround view system comprises at least one real camera (2) for recording an image of the surroundings of the vehicle from a non-centred position, a virtual camera (7), an image processing unit and a display unit which is designed to display the projected representation of the image recorded by the real camera (2) and at least one geometric form (11 to 13) as an overlay over the image recorded by the real camera (2). The image processing unit is designed to project the image recorded by the real camera (2) onto a first plane (9) which is perpendicular to the real camera (2), in such a way that perspective distortions in the image recorded by the real camera (2), resulting from the non-centred position of the real camera (2), are eliminated, and to project the at least one geometric form (11 to 13) onto a second plane (10) which is perpendicular to the virtual camera (7), in such a way that the at least one geometric form (11 to 13) is represented on the display unit (4) in a non-distorted manner. The image processing unit is also designed to find an affine transformation (T) between the first plane (9) and the second plane (10) by means of a delta transformation between the real camera (2) and the virtual camera (7), and the affine transformation (T) found is applied to the first plane (9) that contains the image (8`) of the real camera (2), recorded, projected and corrected by the real camera (2), such that a modified representation (8λ``) of the corrected image (8`) of the real camera (2) is aligned with the at least one undistorted geometric form (11 to 13) in the second plane (10).

Description

Rundumsichtsystem für ein Fahrzeug All-round visibility system for one vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rundumsichtsystem für ein Fahrzeug. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur The invention relates to an all-round visibility system for a vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for
Rundumsicht-Darstellung einer Umgebung des Fahrzeugs. Weitere Ansprüche sind auf ein Programmelement und ein computerlesbares Medium zur Ausführung des Verfahrens gerichtet.  All-round view of an environment of the vehicle. Further claims are directed to a program element and a computer readable medium for carrying out the method.
Darstellungen auf Anzeigeeinheiten eines Rundumsichtsystems beinhalten typischerweise ein projiziertes Bild einer realen Kamera, welches an einem Fahrzeug montiert ist und Aufnahmen der Umgebung des Fahrzeugs macht. Weiterhin sind geometrische Formen als Overlay über das projizierte Bild der Kamera gelegt, wobei es sich bei den geometrischen Formen z.B. um eine Trajektorie des Fahrzeugs handeln kann. Dabei muss das projizierte Bild der Kamera zu dem Overlay passen. Sofern die Kamera jedoch nicht-zentrisch an dem Fahrzeug montiert ist, sieht entweder der Overlay oder das Bild der Kamera verzerrt aus. Ein derartiges verzerrtes Aussehen ist unerwünscht. Illustrations on display units of a surround system typically include a projected image of a real camera mounted on a vehicle and taking pictures of the surroundings of the vehicle. Furthermore, geometric shapes are overlaid on the projected image of the camera, with the geometric shapes being e.g. to be able to act a trajectory of the vehicle. The projected image of the camera must match the overlay. However, if the camera is mounted non-centrically on the vehicle, either the overlay or the image of the camera looks distorted. Such a distorted appearance is undesirable.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Rundumsichtsystem und ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, welche ermöglichen, dass sowohl der Overlay als auch das Bild der Kamera unverzerrt und in vorgesehener Weise zueinander ausgerichtet auf einer Anzeigeeinheit des Fahrzeugs dargestellt werden können. It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an all-round visibility system and a method of the type mentioned above, which allow both the overlay and the image of the camera can be displayed undistorted and aligned as intended on a display unit of the vehicle.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Patentansprüche. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche, der folgenden Beschreibung sowie der Figuren . Gemäß einem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung wird ein Rundumsichtsystem für ein Fahrzeug bereitgestellt. The object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are subject of the dependent claims, the following description and the figures. According to a first aspect of the invention, an all-round vision system for a vehicle is provided.
Das Rundumsichtsystem umfasst wenigstens eine physische bzw. reale Kamera zur Aufnahme eines Bilds einer Umgebung des Fahrzeugs aus einer nicht-zentrierten Position. Bei der realen Kamera handelt es sich bevorzugt um eine digitale Kamera, welche Bildaufnahmen oder Filmaufnahmen von der Umgebung des Fahrzeugs machen kann und die Bildaufnahmen bzw. Filmaufnahmen The omnidirectional system includes at least one physical camera for capturing an image of an environment of the vehicle from a non-centered position. The real camera is preferably a digital camera, which can take pictures or filming of the surroundings of the vehicle and the image recordings or filming
repräsentierende Daten speichern, ausgeben und übertragen kann. Das Rundumsichtsystem kann auch mehrere, z.B. vier reale Kameras umfassen, welche derart an dem Fahrzeug montiert werden können, dass einzelne Bilder der mehreren realen Kameras zu einem Gesamt-Rundumbild (z.B. einem 360 ° -Rundumbild des Fahrzeugs) zusammengesetzt werden können. Die wenigstens eine reale Kamera ist insbesondere dazu eingerichtet, eine Vielzahl von Bildern der Umgebung des Fahrzeugs aus einer nicht zentrierten Position aufzunehmen. Auch wenn die vorliegende Erfindung im Zusammenhang mit der Aufnahme eines einzigen Bilds einer einzigen Kamera erläutert ist, so gelten die Erläuterungen nichtsdestotrotz auch für die aus der nicht-zentrierten Position von der Umgebung des Fahrzeugs anderen Bilder der Vielzahl von Bildern, die mittels wenigstens einer realen Kamera aufgenommen werden können. Unter dem Merkmal der „nicht-zentrierten Position" kann in diesem Zusammenhang insbesondere verstanden werden, dass die Kamera bezüglich einer gedachten Längsachse des Fahrzeugs außermittig und schräg an oder in dem Fahrzeug montiert ist und einen Vorausbereich des Fahrzeugs erfassen kann. store, output and transfer representative data. The panoramic system may also include several, e.g. include four real cameras that can be mounted on the vehicle such that individual images of the multiple real cameras can be assembled into a total surround image (e.g., a 360 ° surround image of the vehicle). The at least one real camera is in particular configured to take a plurality of images of the surroundings of the vehicle from a non-centered position. Even though the present invention is explained in connection with the taking of a single image of a single camera, the explanations nevertheless also apply to the images of the plurality of images which are different from the non-centered position from the surroundings of the vehicle and which by means of at least one real one Camera can be recorded. In this context, the feature of the "non-centered position" can be understood in particular to mean that the camera is mounted eccentrically and obliquely on or in the vehicle relative to an imaginary longitudinal axis of the vehicle and can detect a forward range of the vehicle.
Weiterhin umfasst das Rundumsichtsystem eine virtuelle Kamera, eine Bildverarbeitungseinheit und eine Anzeigeeinheit. Die Bildverarbeitungseinheit ist einerseits kommunikativ mit der realen Kamera verbunden. Andererseits ist die Furthermore, the all-round vision system comprises a virtual camera, an image processing unit and a display unit. The image processing unit is on the one hand communicatively connected to the real camera. On the other hand, that is
Bildverarbeitungseinheit auch kommunikativ mit der Anzeigeeinheit verbunden. Auf diese Weise kann insbesondere die reale Kamera Bilddaten an die Bildverarbeitungseinheit übermitteln, die Bildverarbeitungseinheit kann die Bilddaten verarbeiten und die verarbeiteten Bilddaten an die Image processing unit also communicative with the Display unit connected. In this way, in particular the real camera can transmit image data to the image processing unit, the image processing unit can process the image data and the processed image data to the
Anzeigeeinheit übertragen. Die Bildverarbeitungseinheit kann softwarebasiert implementiert sein. Transfer display unit. The image processing unit may be implemented in a software-based manner.
Die Anzeigeeinheit ist einerseits dazu eingerichtet, das von der realen Kamera aufgenommene Bild projiziert darzustellen. On the one hand, the display unit is set up to display the image recorded by the real camera in a projected manner.
Andererseits ist die Anzeigeeinheit ebenfalls dazu eingerichtet, wenigstens eine geometrische Form als Overlay über dem von der realen Kamera aufgenommenen Bild projiziert darzustellen. On the other hand, the display unit is also configured to display at least one geometric shape as an overlay projected over the image taken by the real camera.
Die Bildverarbeitungseinheit ist dazu eingerichtet, das von der realen Kamera aufgenommene Bild auf eine erste Oberfläche oder Ebene zu projizieren, welche senkrecht zu der realen Kamera steht, sodass in dem von der realen Kamera aufgenommenen Bild perspektivische Verzerrungen, welche sich aus der The image processing unit is configured to project the image captured by the real camera onto a first surface or plane which is perpendicular to the real camera, so that in the image recorded by the real camera perspective distortions resulting from the image
nicht-zentrierten Position der realen Kamera ergeben, entzerrt werden. non-centered position of the real camera, be equalized.
Weiterhin ist die Bildverarbeitungseinheit dazu eingerichtet, die wenigstens eine geometrische Form auf eine zweite Oberfläche oder Ebene zu projizieren, welche senkrecht zu der virtuellen Kamera steht, sodass die wenigstens eine geometrische Form unverzerrt auf der Anzeigeeinheit dargestellt wird. Die reale Kamera ist somit strukturell körperlich vorhanden, wohingegen die virtuelle Kamera lediglich gedacht ist bzw. Eingang in das auf der Anzeigeeinheit dargestellte Bild findet und eine virtuelle Perspektive eines Nutzers des erfindungsgemäßen Rundumsichtsystems bzw. eines Fahrzeugs mit dem Furthermore, the image processing unit is configured to project the at least one geometric shape onto a second surface or plane which is perpendicular to the virtual camera so that the at least one geometric shape is displayed undistorted on the display unit. The real camera is thus structurally physically present, whereas the virtual camera is only intended or input into the image displayed on the display unit and a virtual perspective of a user of the all-round vision system according to the invention or a vehicle with the
erfindungsgemäßen Rundumsichtsystem repräsentiert. Die zweite Ebene ist diejenige Ebene, welche auf der Anzeigeeinheit dargestellt wird, z.B. auf einem Monitor im Bereich des Armaturenbretts des Fahrzeugs, und für einen Nutzer des Fahrzeugs sichtbar ist. represents the all-round vision system according to the invention. The second level is the level that is displayed on the display unit, eg on a monitor in the area of the display Dashboard of the vehicle, and is visible to a user of the vehicle.
Ferner ist die Bildverarbeitungseinheit dazu eingerichtet, eine affine Transformation zwischen der ersten Ebene und der zweiten Ebene mittels einer Delta-Transformation zwischen der realen Kamera und der virtuellen Kamera zu finden, und die gefundene affine Transformation auf die erste Ebene anzuwenden, welche das von der realen Kamera aufgenommene, projizierte und entzerrte Bild von der realen Kamera enthält, sodass eine modifizierte Darstellung des entzerrten Bilds (welches in der ersten Ebene enthalten ist) der realen Kamera mit der wenigstens einen unverzerrten geometrischen Form in der zweiten Ebene Furthermore, the image processing unit is set up to find an affine transformation between the first plane and the second plane by means of a delta transformation between the real camera and the virtual camera, and to apply the found affine transformation to the first plane, which is that of the real one Camera includes, projected and rectified image from the real camera, so that a modified representation of the rectified image (which is contained in the first plane) of the real camera with the at least one undistorted geometric shape in the second plane
ausgerichtet ist. is aligned.
Die Delta-Transformation berücksichtigt die Abweichungen der realen Kamera von der virtuellen Kamera bezüglich der The delta transformation takes into account the deviations of the real camera from the virtual camera with respect to the
extrinsischen Kameraparameter und der intrinsischen extrinsic camera parameters and the intrinsic
Kameraparameter. Damit Objekte innerhalb des Bilds, das von der realen Kamera aufgenommen wird, in der zweiten Ebene nicht schräg dargestellt werden, was perspektivisch korrekt wäre, wird bei der Delta-Transformation insbesondere berücksichtigt, dass die reale Kamera nicht-zentrisch an dem Fahrzeug montiert ist. Mittels der affinen Transformation wird das Bild der Kamera, welches auf die erste Ebene entzerrt projiziert worden ist, auf diese Weise künstlich derart verzerrt, als hätte man es von einer Position der virtuellen Kamera aus aufgenommen. Dadurch wird ermöglicht, Objekte, welche in dem von der realen Kamera aufgenommenen Bild enthalten sind, in der zweiten Ebene entzerrt darzustellen und gleichzeitig eine unverzerrte Darstellung wenigstens einer geometrischen Form, z.B. einer Trajektorie des Fahrzeugs, als Overlay in der zweiten Ebene zu ermöglichen, wobei die Objekte und die wenigstens eine geometrische Form in der zweiten Ebene zueinander korrekt ausgerichtet sind. Camera parameters. In order that objects within the image, which is recorded by the real camera, are not displayed obliquely in the second plane, which would be perspectively correct, the delta transformation particularly takes into account that the real camera is mounted non-centrically on the vehicle. By means of the affine transformation, the image of the camera, which has been projected equalized to the first plane, is artificially distorted in this way as if it had been taken from a position of the virtual camera. This makes it possible to display objects which are contained in the image captured by the real camera in the second plane equalized and at the same time to allow an undistorted representation of at least one geometric shape, such as a trajectory of the vehicle, as an overlay in the second plane the objects and the at least one geometric shape in the second plane are correctly aligned with each other.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt der Erfindung wird ein Fahrzeug bereitgestellt, welches ein Rundumsichtsystem gemäß dem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung umfasst, wobei die reale Kamera According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a vehicle comprising a surround view system according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the real camera
nicht-zentriert an dem Fahrzeug montiert ist. Bei dem Fahrzeug handelt es sich beispielsweise um ein Kraftfahrzeug, wie Auto, Bus oder Lastkraftwagen, oder aber auch um ein Schienenfahrzeug, ein Schiff, ein Luftfahrzeug, wie Helikopter oder Flugzeug, oder beispielsweise um ein Fahrrad. non-centered mounted on the vehicle. The vehicle is, for example, a motor vehicle, such as a car, bus or truck, or else a rail vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, such as a helicopter or airplane, or, for example, a bicycle.
Gemäß einem dritten Aspekt der Erfindung wird ein Verfahren zur Rundumsicht-Darstellung einer Umgebung eines Fahrzeugs nach dem zweiten Aspekt der Erfindung bereitgestellt. Das Verfahren umfasst ein Aufnehmen eines Bilds der Umgebung des Fahrzeugs mittels der realen Kamera und ein Projizieren des von der realen Kamera aufgenommenen Bilds auf die erste Ebene, welche senkrecht zu der realen Kamera steht, sodass in dem von der realen Kamera aufgenommenen Bild perspektivische Verzerrungen, welche sich aus der nicht-zentrierten Position der realen Kamera ergeben, entzerrt werden. Weiterhin erfolgt ein Projizieren der wenigstens einen geometrischen Form als Overlay auf die zweite Ebene, welche senkrecht zu der virtuellen Kamera steht, sodass die wenigstens eine geometrische Form unverzerrt auf der Anzeigeeinheit dargestellt wird. Ferner wird eine affine Transformation zwischen der ersten Ebene und der zweiten Ebene mittels einer Delta-Transformation zwischen der realen Kamera und der virtuellen Kamera gefunden, und die gefundene affine Transformation auf die erste Ebene angewendet, welche das von der realen Kamera aufgenommene, projizierte und entzerrte Bild von der realen Kamera enthält, sodass eine modifizierte Darstellung des entzerrten Bilds (welches in der ersten Ebene enthalten ist) der realen Kamera mit der wenigstens einen unverzerrten geometrischen Form in der zweiten Ebene ausgerichtet ist. According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for all-round view of an environment of a vehicle according to the second aspect of the invention. The method comprises capturing an image of the surroundings of the vehicle by means of the real camera and projecting the image taken by the real camera onto the first plane, which is perpendicular to the real camera, such that perspective distortions in the image captured by the real camera, which result from the non-centered position of the real camera, be equalized. Furthermore, the at least one geometric shape is projected as an overlay onto the second plane, which is perpendicular to the virtual camera, so that the at least one geometric shape is displayed undistorted on the display unit. Furthermore, an affine transformation between the first plane and the second plane is found by means of a delta transformation between the real camera and the virtual camera, and the affine transformation found is applied to the first plane, which is the one taken, projected and equalized by the real camera Contains image of the real camera, so that a modified representation of the rectified image (which is included in the first level) the real camera is aligned with the at least one undistorted geometric shape in the second plane.
Gemäß einem vierten Aspekt der Erfindung wird ein Programmelement bereitgestellt das, wenn es auf einem Prozessor ausgeführt wird, den Prozessor anleitet, die Verfahrensschritte gemäß dem Verfahren nach dem dritten Aspekt der Erfindung durchzuführen. According to a fourth aspect of the invention there is provided a program element which, when executed on a processor, instructs the processor to perform the method steps according to the method of the third aspect of the invention.
Gemäß einem fünften Aspekt der Erfindung wird ein According to a fifth aspect of the invention is a
computerlesbares Medium bereitgestellt, auf dem ein computer readable medium provided on the one
Programmelement gemäß dem vierten Aspekt der Erfindung gespeichert ist, das, wenn es auf einem Prozessor ausgeführt wird, den Prozessor anleitet, die Verfahrensschritte gemäß dem Verfahren nach dem dritten Aspekt der Erfindung durchzuführen. Program element is stored according to the fourth aspect of the invention, which, when executed on a processor, instructs the processor to perform the method steps according to the method of the third aspect of the invention.
Im Folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der schematischen Zeichnung näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawing. This shows
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Fahrzeugs mit einem Fig. 1 is a side view of a vehicle with a
Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen RundumsichtSystems ,  Embodiment of a panoramic system according to the invention,
Fig. 2 eine stark vereinfachte Draufsicht auf das Fahrzeug nach Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 is a highly simplified plan view of the vehicle of FIG. 1 and
Fig. 3 eine prinzipielle Darstellung einer möglichen Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a possible
Arbeitsweise des Rundumsichtsystems nach Fig. 1.  Operation of the all-round vision system according to FIG. 1.
Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen ein Fahrzeug 1 in Form eines Kraftfahrzeugs. Das Fahrzeug 1 umfasst wenigstens eine digitale physische bzw. reale Kamera 2, eine Bildverarbeitungseinheit 3 und eine Anzeigeeinheit 4 in Form eines Monitors innerhalb des Fahrzeugs 1 in einem Sichtbereich eines nicht gezeigten Nutzers. Die Bildverarbeitungseinheit 3 ist kommunikativ mit der realen Kamera 2 und mit der Anzeigeeinheit 4 verbunden, sodass die reale Kamera 2 aufgenommene Bilder repräsentierende Bilddaten an die Bildverarbeitungseinheit 3 übermitteln kann, welche wiederum die empfangenen Bilddaten verarbeiten und die verarbeiteten Fig. 1 and 2 show a vehicle 1 in the form of a motor vehicle. The vehicle 1 comprises at least one digital physical or real camera 2, an image processing unit 3 and a display unit 4 in the form of a monitor within the vehicle 1 in a viewing area of a user, not shown. The image processing unit 3 is communicative with the real one Camera 2 and connected to the display unit 4, so that the real camera 2 can transmit captured image representing image data to the image processing unit 3, which in turn process the received image data and the processed
Bilddaten an die Anzeigeeinheit 4 übertragen kann. Die Image data can be transmitted to the display unit 4. The
Bildverarbeitungseinheit 3 alternativ auch in die reale Kamera 2 oder die Anzeigeeinheit 4 integriert sein.  Image processing unit 3 may alternatively be integrated into the real camera 2 or the display unit 4.
Das Fahrzeug 1 bewegt sich auf einer Straße 5 und die reale Kamera 2 ist derart an dem Fahrzeug 1 montiert, dass die reale Kamera 2 Bilder von einem Vorausbereich 6 in einer äußeren Umgebung des Fahrzeugs 1 machen kann. Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, ist die reale Kamera 2 nicht-zentriert an dem Fahrzeug 1 montiert. In Fig. 2 ist eine Längsachse L des Fahrzeugs 1 dargestellt, wobei die reale Kamera 2 seitlich versetzt neben der Längsachse L des Fahrzeugs 1 an dem Fahrzeug 1 montiert ist. Fig. 2 zeigt weiterhin, dass die reale Kamera 2 schräg, d.h. nicht parallel zur Längsachse L des Fahrzeugs 1 an dem Fahrzeug montiert sein kann. Die reale Kamera 2, die Bildverarbeitungseinheit 3 und die Anzeigeeinheit 4 bilden gemeinsam das Rundumsichtsystem des Fahrzeugs 1, wobei die Bildverarbeitungseinheit 3 zusätzlich eine nicht vorhandene, virtuelle Kamera 7 erzeugt. The vehicle 1 moves on a road 5, and the real camera 2 is mounted on the vehicle 1 such that the real camera 2 can take pictures of a lead-in area 6 in an external environment of the vehicle 1. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the real camera 2 is mounted non-centered on the vehicle 1. FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal axis L of the vehicle 1, wherein the real camera 2 is mounted laterally offset next to the longitudinal axis L of the vehicle 1 on the vehicle 1. Fig. 2 further shows that the real camera 2 is skewed, i. can not be mounted parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the vehicle 1 to the vehicle. The real camera 2, the image processing unit 3 and the display unit 4 together form the all-round vision system of the vehicle 1, wherein the image processing unit 3 additionally generates a nonexistent virtual camera 7.
Fig. 3 zeigt, wie ein von der realen Kamera 2 aufgenommenes Bild der Umgebung 6 des Fahrzeugs 1 verarbeitet werden kann, um auf der Anzeigeeinheit 4 des Fahrzeugs 1 in einem Rundumbild des Fahrzeugs 1 dargestellt zu werden. Das von der realen Kamera 2 aufgenommene Bild enthält mehrere Objekte, wobei in Fig. 3 eines dieser Objekte 8 stark schematisch dargestellt ist. Bei dem Objekt 8 kann es sich beispielsweise um eine Stoßstange eines weiteren Fahrzeugs (nicht dargestellt) in dem Vorausbereich des Fahrzeugs 1 handeln. Obwohl die Arbeitsweise des FIG. 3 shows how an image of the environment 6 of the vehicle 1 taken by the real camera 2 can be processed in order to be displayed on the display unit 4 of the vehicle 1 in an all-around image of the vehicle 1. The image taken by the real camera 2 contains a plurality of objects, wherein in FIG. 3 one of these objects 8 is shown very schematically. The object 8 may be, for example, a bumper of another vehicle (not shown) in the forward area of the vehicle 1. Although the operation of the
Rundumsichtsystems im Folgenden anhand des Objekts 8 erläutert wird, gelten diese Erläuterungen ebenso für die übrigen Objekte (nicht gezeigt) , welche in dem von der realen Kamera 2 aufgenommenen Bild enthalten sind. All-round vision system will be explained below with reference to the object 8, these explanations apply equally to the other objects (not shown) included in the image captured by the real camera 2.
Das von der realen Kamera 2 aufgenommene Bild mit dem Objekt 8 wird auf eine erste Oberfläche oder Ebene 9 projiziert, welche senkrecht zu der realen Kamera 2 steht, sodass in dem von der realen Kamera 2 aufgenommenen Bild perspektivische Verzerrungen, welche sich aus der nicht-zentrierten Position der realen Kamera 2 ergeben, entzerrt werden. Auf diese Weise entsteht eine erste modifizierte Darstellung 8λ des Objekts 8 innerhalb der ersten Ebene 9. Die Bildinhalte der ersten Ebene 9 werden nicht auf der Anzeigeeinheit 4 des Fahrzeugs 1 dargestellt, sondern die Bildinhalte einer zweiten Ebene 10, welche im Folgenden erläutert wird . The image taken by the real camera 2 with the object 8 is projected onto a first surface or plane 9 which is perpendicular to the real camera 2, so that in the image captured by the real camera 2 perspective distortions resulting from the non-specific centered position of the real camera 2 result, be equalized. In this way, a first modified representation 8 λ of the object 8 within the first plane 9 is created. The image contents of the first plane 9 are not displayed on the display unit 4 of the vehicle 1, but the image contents of a second plane 10, which will be explained below.
Die Bildverarbeitungseinheit 3 projiziert wenigstens eine geometrische Form 11 bis 13 als Overlay auf die zweite Ebene 10, welche senkrecht zu der virtuellen Kamera 7 steht, sodass die zweite Ebene 10 mit der wenigstens einen geometrischen Form 11 bis 13 unverzerrt auf der Anzeigeeinheit 4 des Fahrzeugs 1 dargestellt wird. In Fig. 3 sind beispielhaft drei geometrische Formen gezeigt, welche eine vorgesehene Trajektorie des The image processing unit 3 projects at least one geometric shape 11 to 13 as an overlay on the second plane 10, which is perpendicular to the virtual camera 7, so that the second plane 10 with the at least one geometric shape 11 to 13 undistorted on the display unit 4 of the vehicle. 1 is pictured. In FIG. 3, by way of example, three geometric shapes are shown, which include an intended trajectory of the
Fahrzeugs 1 beschreiben. Weiterhin findet die Bildverarbeitungseinheit 3 eine affineVehicle 1 describe. Furthermore, the image processing unit 3 finds an affine one
Transformation T zwischen der ersten Ebene 9 und der zweiten Ebene 10 mittels einer Delta-Transformation zwischen der realen Kamera 2 und der virtuellen Kamera 7 und wendet die gefundene affine Transformation T auf die erste Ebene 9 an, welche die erste modifizierte Darstellung 8λ des Objekts 8 enthält. Auf diese Weise entsteht eine zweite modifizierte Darstellung 8 λ λ des Objekts 8 innerhalb der zweiten Ebene 10, wobei diese zweite modifizierte Darstellung 8 λ λ mit der wenigstens einen Transformation T between the first plane 9 and the second plane 10 by means of a delta transformation between the real camera 2 and the virtual camera 7 and applies the found affine transformation T to the first plane 9, which is the first modified representation 8 λ of the object 8 contains. In this way, a second modified representation 8 λ λ of the object 8 is formed within the second plane 10, wherein this second modified representation 8 λ λ with the at least one
unverzerrten geometrischen Form 11 bis 13 in der zweiten Ebene 10 ausgerichtet ist. Die zweite Ebene mit der modifizierten Darstellung 8λ λ des Objekt 8 und den geometrischen Formen 11 bis 13 wird auf der Anzeigeeinheit 4 dargestellt. undistorted geometric shape 11 to 13 in the second level 10 is aligned. The second plane with the modified representation 8 λ λ of the object 8 and the geometric shapes 11 to 13 is displayed on the display unit 4.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Rundumsichtsystem für ein Fahrzeug (1) , das Rundumsichtsystem umfassend wenigstens eine reale Kamera (2) zur Aufnahme eines Bilds einer Umgebung (6) des Fahrzeugs (1) aus einer An all-round vision system for a vehicle (1) comprising the all-round vision system comprising at least one real camera (2) for taking an image of an environment (6) of the vehicle (1) from a vehicle
nicht-zentrierten Position, eine virtuelle Kamera (7), eine Bildverarbeitungseinheit (3) und eine Anzeigeeinheit (4), wobei die Anzeigeeinheit (4) eingerichtet ist zur projizierten Darstellung non-centered position, a virtual camera (7), an image processing unit (3) and a display unit (4), wherein the display unit (4) is arranged to projected image
- des von der realen Kamera (2) aufgenommenen Bilds und - of the real camera (2) recorded image and
- wenigstens einer geometrischen Form (11 bis 13) als Overlay über dem von der realen Kamera (2) aufgenommenen Bild,  at least one geometric shape (11 to 13) as an overlay over the image taken by the real camera (2),
und wobei die Bildverarbeitungseinheit (3) dazu eingerichtet ist, and wherein the image processing unit (3) is adapted to
- das von der realen Kamera (2) aufgenommene Bild auf eine erste Ebene (9) zu projizieren, welche senkrecht zu der realen Kamera (2) steht, sodass in dem von der realen Kamera (2) aufgenommenen Bild perspektivische Verzerrungen, welche sich aus der nicht-zentrierten Position der realen Kamera (2) ergeben, entzerrt werden, to project the image taken by the real camera (2) onto a first plane (9) which is perpendicular to the real camera (2) so that in the image taken by the real camera (2) perspective distortions resulting from the non-centered position of the real camera (2), be equalized,
- die wenigstens eine geometrische Form (11 bis 13) auf eine zweite Ebene (10) zu projizieren, welche senkrecht zu der virtuellen Kamera (7) steht, sodass die wenigstens eine geometrische Form (11 bis 13) unverzerrt auf der Anzeigeeinheit (4) dargestellt wird,  to project the at least one geometric shape (11 to 13) onto a second plane (10) which is perpendicular to the virtual camera (7) so that the at least one geometric shape (11 to 13) is undistorted on the display unit (4) is pictured,
- eine affine Transformation (T) zwischen der ersten Ebene (9) und der zweiten Ebene (10) mittels einer Delta-Transformation zwischen der realen Kamera (2) und der virtuellen Kamera (7) zu finden, und  to find an affine transformation (T) between the first plane (9) and the second plane (10) by means of a delta transformation between the real camera (2) and the virtual camera (7), and
- die gefundene affine Transformation (T) auf die erste Ebene (9) anzuwenden, welche das von der realen Kamera (2) aufgenommene, projizierte und entzerrte Bild (8λ) von der realen Kamera (2) enthält, sodass eine modifizierte Darstellung (8λ λ) des entzerrten Bilds (8λ) der realen Kamera (2) mit der wenigstens einen unverzerrten geometrischen Form (11 bis 13) in der zweiten Ebene (10) ausgerichtet ist. to apply the found affine transformation (T) to the first plane (9) which contains the projected and equalized image (8 λ ) taken by the real camera (2) from the real camera (2) so that a modified representation (FIG. 8 λ λ ) of the rectified image (8 λ ) of the real camera (2) with the at least an undistorted geometric shape (11 to 13) in the second plane (10) is aligned.
2. Fahrzeug (1) umfassend ein Rundumsichtsystem nach Anspruch 1 , wobei die reale Kamera (2) nicht-zentriert an dem Fahrzeug (1) montiert ist. A vehicle (1) comprising an all-round vision system according to claim 1, wherein the real camera (2) is mounted non-centered on the vehicle (1).
3. Verfahren zur Rundumsicht-Darstellung einer Umgebung (6) eines Fahrzeugs (1) nach Anspruch 2, das Verfahren umfassend die Schritte: 3. A method for all-round view of an environment (6) of a vehicle (1) according to claim 2, the method comprising the steps:
- Aufnehmen eines Bilds der Umgebung (6) des Fahrzeugs (1) mittels der realen Kamera (2),  Taking a picture of the environment (6) of the vehicle (1) by means of the real camera (2),
- Projizieren des von der realen Kamera (2) aufgenommenen Bilds auf die erste Ebene (9), welche senkrecht zu der realen Kamera (2) steht, sodass in dem von der realen Kamera (2) aufgenommenen Bild perspektivische Verzerrungen, welche sich aus der nicht-zentrierten Position der realen Kamera (2) ergeben, entzerrt werden,  Projecting the image taken by the real camera (2) onto the first plane (9) which is perpendicular to the real camera (2) so that in the image taken by the real camera (2) perspective distortions resulting from the non-centered position of the real camera (2), equalized,
- Projizieren der wenigstens einen geometrischen Form (11 bis 13) als Overlay auf die zweite Ebene (9), welche senkrecht zu der virtuellen Kamera (7) steht, sodass die wenigstens eine geometrische Form (11 bis 13) unverzerrt auf der Anzeigeeinheit (4) dargestellt wird,  Projecting the at least one geometric shape (11 to 13) as an overlay onto the second plane (9) which is perpendicular to the virtual camera (7) so that the at least one geometric shape (11 to 13) is undistorted on the display unit (4 ) is pictured,
- Finden einer affinen Transformation (T) zwischen der ersten Ebene (9) und der zweiten Ebene (10) mittels einer  Finding an affine transformation (T) between the first plane (9) and the second plane (10) by means of a
Delta-Transformation zwischen der realen Kamera (2) und der virtuellen Kamera (7), und  Delta transformation between the real camera (2) and the virtual camera (7), and
- Anwenden der gefundenen affinen Transformation (T) auf die erste Ebene (9), welche das von der realen Kamera (2)  Applying the found affine transformation (T) to the first plane (9), which corresponds to that of the real camera (2)
aufgenommene, projizierte und entzerrte Bild von der realenrecorded, projected and rectified image of the real
Kamera (2) enthält, sodass eine modifizierte Darstellung (8λ λ) des entzerrten Bilds (8λ) der realen Kamera (2) mit der wenigstens einen unverzerrten geometrischen Form (11 bis 13) in der zweiten Ebene (10) ausgerichtet ist. Camera (2), so that a modified representation (8 λ λ ) of the rectified image (8 λ ) of the real camera (2) with the at least one undistorted geometric shape (11 to 13) in the second plane (10) is aligned.
4. Programmelement, das, wenn es auf einem Prozessor ausgeführt wird, den Prozessor anleitet, die Verfahrensschritte nach Anspruch 3 durchzuführen. A program element which, when executed on a processor, instructs the processor to perform the method steps of claim 3.
5. Computerlesbares Medium, auf dem ein Programmelement gespeichert ist, das, wenn es auf einem Prozessor ausgeführt wird, den Prozessor anleitet, die Verfahrensschritte nach Anspruch 3 durchzuführen. A computer readable medium having stored thereon a program element which, when executed on a processor, instructs the processor to perform the method steps of claim 3.
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