EP3553437A1 - Dispositif et procédé de séchage, de broyage et de séparation des produits à sécher - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de séchage, de broyage et de séparation des produits à sécher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3553437A1
EP3553437A1 EP19167853.1A EP19167853A EP3553437A1 EP 3553437 A1 EP3553437 A1 EP 3553437A1 EP 19167853 A EP19167853 A EP 19167853A EP 3553437 A1 EP3553437 A1 EP 3553437A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dried
drying
field
electric
magnetic field
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EP19167853.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3553437B1 (fr
Inventor
Shukhrat Balabekov
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
    • F26B1/005—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids by means of disintegrating, e.g. crushing, shredding, milling the materials to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
    • F26B17/101—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis
    • F26B17/102—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis with material recirculation, classifying or disintegrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
    • F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
    • F26B3/343—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects in combination with convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by centrifugal treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for drying organic and inorganic substances.
  • Water separation is often the last step in producing a large number of products.
  • the liquid is often sprayed as finely as possible in mechanical, thermal and combined methods of comminution of the liquid droplets or particles.
  • electrostatic induction allows the inventive device already during the spraying process, the stable unipolar charge of dispersed aerosol phase, so the smallest liquid drop, over the entire volume.
  • this property arises directly during the mechanical knocking out of liquid droplets from the wet material.
  • the invention first relates to a process for removing one or more liquids (drying) from various organic and inorganic substances during the comminution of the respective particles by converting most of one or more liquids into aerosol, vapor or mist (further named as aerosol ).
  • the invention aims to show a new method of removing liquids from the materials described in the cited specialist sources and at the same time to offer a technical device for carrying out the method.
  • the literature describes a number of different traditional drying systems which primarily contain various ways of supplying energy to the material from which the liquid is to be evaporated.
  • the large number of methods to be used is based on the types of substances and liquids, particle sizes and the thermodynamic assessments of material behavior during the process.
  • It consists of a housing, a rotating shaft, on which the knives and a perforated heated baffle plate are attached.
  • the inventive solution proposed here comes the device according to the patent "Device and method for comminution” (patent number: US 6,024,307 , Date of patent: Feb. 15, 2000), where the pre-shredded substances are returned to the grinding chamber by means of a bow deflector and the fine particles are carried away by the air flow.
  • the subject of the present invention is a process for drying, grinding and separating such and similar substances by means of drying processes which are far less energy intensive than conventional processes and in which the liquid is not evaporated but removed by conversion to aerosol.
  • the municipal sludge has e.g. a temperature of 20 ° C and usually contains up to 25% dry matter and 75% water.
  • the actual energy consumption can exceed the calculated value by three times or more.
  • the resulting drop size which ranges between 0.01 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, is crucial.
  • the energy required for droplet formation can be assumed to be equal to the energy of the surface tension of the entire surface between water and air.
  • drying substances are almost always a heterogeneous mass, which may consist of a number of different substances as well as of one or more different types of liquids, although usually this mass consists predominantly of water.
  • liquids in such mixtures can consist of both freely mobile liquid and of the liquid bound by physical compounds in substances, these compounds being expressed mainly by the capillary forces.
  • the vapor pressure must overcome the capillary pressure, which increases proportionally to the reduction in the porous structure.
  • thermodynamic values of the substances deteriorate during the process.
  • drying, grinding and deposition in a closed process according to the invention initially a kinetic and electromagnetic influence of the z.T. porous input material through an intensive vortex formation, which is quickly achieved locally to the required extent.
  • the peculiarity of the present invention is to enable drying, milling, and weight-dependent separation and classification simultaneously in a single device.
  • the device according to the invention consisting inter alia of a housing 3, 19 and a rotating shaft 14 with a disk attached thereto from para or diamagnetic material 11 and kinetic energy for dispersion of the material in an electric or electromagnetic field with a controllable intensity in the range of 10 3 V / m to 10 6 V / m, with simultaneous induction heating of the dispersion medium and the dispersion phase in an alternating magnetic field with a frequency of 500 to 12000 Hz used with simultaneous removal of particles of higher specific gravity.
  • Induction heating by eddy currents is ensured by the use of alternating polarity permanent magnets 16 which are fixed to the lower housing part 19 under the rotating disc of diamagnetic material and may have different geometrical shapes, for example a prism.
  • the technical result provided by the above set of features is the possibility of controlled conductive and convective heating of the dispersed medium and the dispersion phase, with simultaneous segregation and separation.
  • the wet input material with individual elements in a size up to 100 mm is conveyed by means of a feed device and lock closure 25 in the grinding chamber 24, where it is ground by the kinetic energy impact of the rotating and immovable grinding components 7, 9, 20, 21 and through the convective and conductive electrostatic drying is drained.
  • a unipolar induction charge of the aerosol is effected by an electric or electromagnetic alternating field.
  • a unipolar charged aerosol with an adjustable level of electrostatic charge is generated by inductive electrification.
  • the required amount of energy is 300 to 400 kJ / liter.
  • the technical result consists in the enlargement of the entire evaporation surface and the corresponding separation and separation of liquid or liquid mixture, which is then carried out in a device according to the invention for the combined drying, milling and deposition of organic and / or inorganic substances and mixtures thereof, the said Processes as a result of grinding while simultaneously separating one or more liquids from solids in the form of aerosol come about.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in a graphic sequence, the comminution of a drop in a stream during electrification, which makes the inventive method to own.
  • the process of water-aerosol phase transition occurs within about 10 milliseconds.
  • FIG. 2 discloses the basic principle of the device according to the invention.
  • the material input takes place through the connection piece for material feed 26 and further through the lock closure 25 into the drying and grinding chamber 24.
  • the material is then ground by means of hammer plates 21 and the particles of the heterogeneous mixture are unipolarly charged by the rotor 23.
  • the material is repeatedly beaten against the hollow plate 8 by the hammer plates 21, thereafter flowing through the stationary on the hollow plate 8 fixed baffle 20 therethrough, and bounces behind the baffle against the attached to the rotating disk 11 felling pins 9 again.
  • the crushed material is thrown by the controllable air flow first against the hollow cone 8 and then over the Bogenabweiser 22 and returned to the grinding chamber.
  • the crushed material is partially separated by means of air flow and the lighter particles are passed through it by the tangential fan 2, and heavy particles are carried out through the discharge port 5 to the outside.
  • the tangential fan 2 rotates in the same direction as the rotor 23 and generates a controllable air pressure.
  • the hollow plate 8 is fixed opposite the baffle plate 7 on the lower housing part 19 and has openings for heat carrier supply.
  • the adjusting screws 4 make it possible to regulate the volume of the process chamber 24 for drying and grinding, by raising and lowering the upper housing part 3.
  • a method for the combined removal of one or more liquids (drying), grinding and deposition of organic and inorganic substances is based in particular on the use of kinetic energy for grinding substances with simultaneous conductive and convective heating of the resulting dispersion medium and the subsequent deposition of dehydrated products, which are then processed according to specific gravity.
  • This method allows as a specific simultaneous separation and drying of substances with a greatly reduced energy consumption, compared with the previously known conventional methods for crushing, squeezing or / and evaporation of liquids and subsequent deposition of these substances in different physical states.
  • An apparatus for combined drying, grinding and deposition of fabrics comprising a housing and a rotating shaft with a rotating disk mounted thereon and made of a para or diamagnetic material.
  • one or more depositing liquids are transformed into aerosol, wherein in each case denser and / or heavier particles are separated and removed therefrom according to their specific weight.
  • the inventive method is based in particular on the use of kinetic energy for grinding materials with simultaneous conductive and convective heating of the resulting dispersion medium and the subsequent deposition of dehydrated products.
  • one or more liquids in the medium to be dried are converted into aerosol.
  • the inventive method allows a simultaneous separation and drying with greatly reduced energy consumption.
  • the inventive apparatus for combined drying, milling and deposition is one embodiment of an apparatus with which the aforementioned method can be carried out.
  • It may consist of a housing and a rotating shaft with attached, rotating disc, which is made of a para or diamagnetic material, exist, but the provision of other parts is also possible alternatively.
  • Electromagnetic field dispersed By kinetic and electromagnetic energy in the device various organic and inorganic substances in one Electromagnetic field dispersed, wherein the dispersion is simultaneously inductively heated by the eddy currents in an alternating magnetic field.
  • the device consists of immovable and moving parts.
  • the immovable part consists, among other things, of a housing with elements 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 16, 17, 19, 22, 26, 27, 28 fastened thereto.
  • the movable part consists inter alia of a shaft with all the elements 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 20, 21, 23 fastened thereon.
  • the movable part is isolated from the immovable part by the dielectric disk 13.
  • the charge is supplied via the contact plug 15 on the entire rotating part. The charge eventually flows into the body. Distance for the passage of a charge is anywhere from 2 to 4 mm.
  • the electromagnetic field strength is regulated by applying a voltage of the order of 1 to 50 kV and based on electromagnetic properties of processed media, automatically or in manual mode.
  • the inventor has found that the described effects can occur and the desired field strengths can be adjusted when between the moving parts which rotate during the operation of the device and to which a high voltage in the range of 1 to 50 kV is applied, and the housing of the device, which may be grounded, a minimum distance in the range of 1 to 50 mm is present, preferably a minimum distance of 2-4 mm is present.
  • the inventor For the processing of moist brown coal as a drying material in the device for drying and crushing of drying material, the inventor has given the above-described minimum distance of 2 - 4 mm an optimal operating point of the voltage, which as described above is applied to rotating parts of the device, in a range of about 24 kV to about 26 kV found.
  • the inventor For the processing of wet sewage sludge as a drying material in the device for drying and crushing of drying material, the inventor has given the above minimum distance of 2-4 mm an optimal operating point of the voltage, which as described above is applied to rotating parts of the device, in a range of about 11 kV to about 15 kV found.
  • a field application device may comprise at least one, a plurality or all of the shaft-mounted elements 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 20, 21, 23 (see list of reference numerals and figures) and optionally additionally or alternatively the shaft 14 ,
  • a fluid drop which is present in the material to be dried can be a fluid comprising a suspension of liquids and solids.
  • a fluid droplet may include, for example, suspended non-soluble or undissolved particles in wastewater, for example, typical suspended matter present in wastewater (eg feces, leftovers, paper and similar materials).
  • a fluid drop which is present in the material to be dried may comprise a suspension of solid particles of the material to be dried (or of parts of the material to be dried which are already of a suitable size to form a suspension in a liquid) in a liquid portion of the material to be dried by the comminuting device 21 ,
  • a fluid drop which is present in the material to be dried may also comprise only liquid portions of the material to be dried.
  • a portion of the item to be dried may comprise (or be) a fluid drop, a particle or the like, but the portion of the item to be dried may also be a volume portion in which the item to be dried is located, preferably the volume portion having a mean velocity therein entrained dried goods.
  • a volume portion as a portion of the material to be dried is preferably set in motion by causing the material to be dried therein to be set in motion.
  • the treatment of the materials may be carried out according to this method with the combined and preferably simultaneous action of kinetic energy and thermal energy and may be carried out in the electric or magnetic or electromagnetic field under the kinetic energy conversion of the rotor.
  • a conversion of the energy of electrical and magnetic fields into thermal energy for contacting and convective heating of the material to be processed preferably with the use and effect of static fields of permanent magnets with a magnetic flux density of up to 1.4 T.
  • High frequency currents can occur in the range of 1 KA to 100 KA and alternating magnetic fields with a frequency of 500 to 12000 Hz, preferably with a frequency of 500 to 2000 Hz, can be used.
  • magnetic flux densities in the range of 1 to 10 T are proposed.
  • the treatment of the materials may be carried out according to this method with the combined and preferably simultaneous action of kinetic energy and thermal energy and may be carried out in the electric or magnetic or electromagnetic field under the kinetic energy conversion of the rotor.
  • a conversion of the energy of electrical and magnetic fields into thermal energy for contacting and convective heating of the material to be processed preferably with the use and effect of static fields of permanent magnets with a magnetic flux density of up to 1.4 T.
  • High frequency currents can occur in the range of 1 KA to 100 KA and alternating magnetic fields with a frequency of 500 to 12000 Hz, preferably with a frequency of 500 to 2000 Hz, can be used.
  • magnetic flux densities in the range of 1 to 10 T are proposed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP19167853.1A 2018-04-13 2019-04-08 Dispositif et procédé de séchage, de broyage et de séparation de produits à sécher Active EP3553437B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018205677.3A DE102018205677A1 (de) 2018-04-13 2018-04-13 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trocknen, Zerkleinern und Abscheiden von Trocknungsgut

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3553437A1 true EP3553437A1 (fr) 2019-10-16
EP3553437B1 EP3553437B1 (fr) 2021-03-03

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EP (1) EP3553437B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018205677A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113446816A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-09-28 四川国沃生物科技有限公司 一种有机肥粉碎及烘干装置
CN113776303A (zh) * 2021-10-12 2021-12-10 中国十七冶集团有限公司 一种给排水工程用脱水机及其脱水方法
CN115523723A (zh) * 2022-09-16 2022-12-27 中国矿业大学 一种低阶煤的离心热载气联合脱水方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113686101B (zh) * 2021-10-27 2022-01-11 山东泰诺药业有限公司 一种低温流化床干燥机
CN116045609A (zh) * 2022-12-23 2023-05-02 河北天成药业股份有限公司 一种盐酸二甲双胍片制备用沸腾干燥机

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995018946A1 (fr) * 1992-11-17 1995-07-13 Thermtech A/S Procede et dispositif de deshydratation de materiaux organiques et/ou inorganiques
JP2000213863A (ja) * 1999-01-20 2000-08-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 乾燥装置
US6135370A (en) * 1997-07-18 2000-10-24 C. A. Arnold & Associates, Inc. Apparatus and methods for pulverizing materials into small particles
KR20120122989A (ko) * 2011-04-29 2012-11-07 (주)마이크로디지탈 바이오매스 처리장치
US20160023126A1 (en) * 2010-12-21 2016-01-28 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Spray drying techniques

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5839671A (en) 1996-10-19 1998-11-24 Spectrasonic Disintegration Equipment Corp. Device and method for comminution
US11001776B2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2021-05-11 Richard B. Hoffman System and method of preparing pre-treated biorefinery feedstock from raw and recycled waste cellulosic biomass
CN102992574B (zh) 2012-11-08 2013-11-27 珠海杰思朗环保设备有限公司 一种污泥动能干化***及污泥动能干化方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995018946A1 (fr) * 1992-11-17 1995-07-13 Thermtech A/S Procede et dispositif de deshydratation de materiaux organiques et/ou inorganiques
US6135370A (en) * 1997-07-18 2000-10-24 C. A. Arnold & Associates, Inc. Apparatus and methods for pulverizing materials into small particles
JP2000213863A (ja) * 1999-01-20 2000-08-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 乾燥装置
US20160023126A1 (en) * 2010-12-21 2016-01-28 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Spray drying techniques
KR20120122989A (ko) * 2011-04-29 2012-11-07 (주)마이크로디지탈 바이오매스 처리장치

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113446816A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-09-28 四川国沃生物科技有限公司 一种有机肥粉碎及烘干装置
CN113446816B (zh) * 2021-04-28 2022-07-01 四川国沃生物科技有限公司 一种有机肥粉碎及烘干装置
CN113776303A (zh) * 2021-10-12 2021-12-10 中国十七冶集团有限公司 一种给排水工程用脱水机及其脱水方法
CN115523723A (zh) * 2022-09-16 2022-12-27 中国矿业大学 一种低阶煤的离心热载气联合脱水方法
CN115523723B (zh) * 2022-09-16 2024-05-17 中国矿业大学 一种低阶煤的离心热载气联合脱水方法

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EP3553437B1 (fr) 2021-03-03
DE102018205677A1 (de) 2019-10-17

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