EP3552219B1 - High voltage isolator with arc protection ring - Google Patents

High voltage isolator with arc protection ring Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3552219B1
EP3552219B1 EP17808504.9A EP17808504A EP3552219B1 EP 3552219 B1 EP3552219 B1 EP 3552219B1 EP 17808504 A EP17808504 A EP 17808504A EP 3552219 B1 EP3552219 B1 EP 3552219B1
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Prior art keywords
insulator
voltage
long rod
shields
protective
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3552219A1 (en
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Wolfgang Tauber
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Bayernwerk Netz GmbH
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Bayernwerk Netz GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
    • H01B17/44—Structural association of insulators with corona rings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/52—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form having cleaning devices
    • H01B17/525—Self-cleaning, e.g. by shape or disposition of screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/56—Insulating bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/02—Suspension insulators; Strain insulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage insulator with an arc protection ring.
  • Above-ground high-voltage lines are routed regularly over high-voltage pylons.
  • high-voltage insulators are provided at the suspension points between the high-voltage lines and the high-voltage pylons. Long rod insulators are often used here, which are suspended from the crossbars of the high-voltage pylon and at the free end of which the high-voltage line is attached.
  • arc protection rings are known.
  • the arc protection rings are arranged at both ends of the actual insulator and essentially surround the insulator in a ring shape. Since the arc protection rings are made of metal and are therefore electrically conductive, the arc either forms directly between the arc protection rings or the base points of the arc migrate to the arc protection rings shortly after the arc is created. As a result, direct contact or immediate proximity between the arc and the actual insulator is only present for a short time or is completely avoided. This can reduce damage to the insulator
  • the CN 103 700 453 A describes a high-voltage insulator in which the individual insulator screens have alternating diameters.
  • An arc protection ring is provided at the ends of the respective (partial) insulators.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a high-voltage insulator with an arc protection ring in which the disadvantages known from the prior art no longer occur or only occur to a reduced extent.
  • the invention relates to a high-voltage insulator comprising a long-rod insulator with a shaft and circular shields arranged thereon, an insulator cap at the upper end of the long-rod insulator for fastening the high-voltage insulator to a high-voltage pylon and an arc protection ring surrounding the insulator cap or the part of the long-rod insulator closest to the insulator cap, with at least the uppermost screen of the long rod insulator closest to the insulator cap is designed as a protective screen for the other screens, the maximum diameter of the other screens being at least 30 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring, the diameter of the at least one protective screen being at least 10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring and the diameter of the at least one protective screen is at least 20 mm larger than the maximum diameter of the other screens.
  • At least one of the circular screens provided on the long rod insulator - namely at least the one closest to the insulator cap and thus the uppermost screen - be designed as a protective screen for the other screens, whereby the functionality of the insulator or the arc protection ring should not be restricted.
  • "Other shields” are those shields of a long rod insulator that are not designed as protective shields or a protective shield.
  • the at least one shield of the long rod insulator designed as a protective shield should have a radius that is at least 20 mm larger than the other shields, with the largest diameter of the other shields being used in particular with alternating diameters of the other shields. It has been shown that a correspondingly larger diameter of the protective screen can already provide adequate protection against soiling of the other screens underneath with bird droppings.
  • the bird droppings landed on a protective screen can be washed off in the event of rain, which, due to the larger diameter, occurs in particular on the screens designed as protective screens, so that a self-cleaning effect occurs.
  • the diameter of the at least one screen designed as a protective screen is at least 10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring, it is ensured that neither the arc protection is impaired nor the shields designed as protective shields are damaged in the event of an arc.
  • a distance of 10 mm between the screen and the protective ring may be sufficient, since due to the geometry resulting from the close proximity between the screen and the protective ring in the axial direction of the long rod insulator, when an arc occurs a base point on the arc protection ring, this screen is sufficiently spaced from the arc and no damage is to be expected.
  • the other shields are also adequately protected from damage by an arc due to their diameter, which is at least 30 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring.
  • the diameter of the at least one protective screen is at least 17.5 mm and / or at most 42.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring.
  • the mentioned lower limit ensures that, in addition to the uppermost screen, other screens designed as protective screens are also adequately protected from damage by a possible arc.
  • the maximum difference in diameter of 42.5 mm ensures that one of the base points of any arc that may arise on the long rod insulator moves directly onto the arc protection ring.
  • the diameter of the at least one protective screen is preferably at most 40 mm larger than the maximum diameter of the other screens.
  • a maximum diameter of 40 mm for the protective screens is sufficient to protect the other screens from the build-up of bird droppings and to prevent conductive wetting of the other screens with a mixture of water and bird droppings when it rains.
  • the difference in diameter can usually be achieved so that the fittings for fastening the high-voltage insulator and the arc protection ring can remain unchanged compared to an insulator according to the prior art with comparable insulation properties.
  • the lowermost screen which is furthest away from the insulator cap, is designed in accordance with a protective screen. Even if this bottom screen cannot protect against bird droppings compared to the other screens, a configuration corresponding to a protective screen - that is, in particular with a comparable diameter - is advantageous for transporting and storing the high-voltage insulator or its long-rod insulator.
  • At least one screen that is not located at one end of the long rod insulator is also designed as a protective screen. Since an internal shield of the long rod insulator is designed as a protective shield - that is, it has a diameter that is comparable or the same as the other protective shields - the risk of the long rod insulator breaking through during transport and storage in a horizontal position can be further reduced.
  • an internal protective screen can also protect the screens underneath from contamination from above, which has not already been prevented by the uppermost protective screen.
  • At least two other adjacent screens of the long rod insulator can have different projections. The alternation of screen diameters is then no longer limited to pairings of protective screens and other screens, but also expressly includes at least two adjacent other screens. The creepage distance across the insulator can be extended by different projections of adjacent screens.
  • the long rod insulator can comprise at least ten, preferably at least fifteen screens and / or be made of ceramic or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the long rod insulator can be designed in accordance with the standards DIN EN 61466/2 (composite long rod insulator) or DIN 48006/2 (long rod insulator), the shields designed as protective shields being modifications of these standards.
  • the individual screens of the long rod insulator can have peripheral drip edges on their outer edge.
  • the high-voltage insulator can also have an arc protection ring at its lower end.
  • the high-voltage insulator 1 comprises a long rod insulator 10, which is connected at its upper end to an insulator cap 2.
  • the high-voltage insulator 1 can be fastened, for example, to a crossbeam of a high-voltage pylon via this insulator cap 2, which is designed as a fork cap.
  • an insulator cap 2 'designed as a fork cap is also provided.
  • the high-voltage line can be attached to this lower insulator cap 2 '.
  • An arc protection ring 3, 3 ' is arranged around the insulator caps 2, 2' and surrounds the respective ends of the long rod insulator 10.
  • the arc protection rings 3, 3 ' are designed as metal rings which, in the event of an arc, can form base points via the high-voltage insulator, via which the arc current is diverted into the earth.
  • the two arc protection rings 3, 3 'can have horn arresters in order to be self-extinguishing.
  • the long rod insulator 10 is made of ceramic and comprises a shaft 11 and circular screens 12 arranged thereon. In the example shown, twenty screens 12 are provided.
  • the long rod insulator 10 and thus also the screens 12 are designed essentially in accordance with the DIN 48006/2 standard, all screens 12 having peripheral drip edges 13 on their outer edge.
  • the insulator caps 2, 2 'and the arc protection rings 3, 3' can also be standardized components.
  • the uppermost screen 12 of the long rod insulator 10 that is to say closest to the upper insulator cap 2 is designed as a protective screen 12 '.
  • the other screens 12 ′′ which are not designed as protective screens, have a maximum diameter which is approx. 37.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection rings 3, 3 '
  • the diameter of the protective screen 12' is only approx. 17.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the upper arc protection ring 3.
  • the diameter of the protective screen 12 ' is thus approximately 20 mm larger than the maximum diameter of the other screens 12 ".
  • the uppermost screen 12 of the long rod insulator 10 as a protective screen 12 ', the other screens 12 "below are protected from bird droppings.
  • the functionality of the arc protection rings 3, 3 ' is not restricted in any way.
  • FIG 2 an embodiment of a high-voltage insulator 1 according to the invention is shown.
  • the high-voltage insulator 1 largely compensates for that Figure 1 , which is why reference is made to the statements above. Only the long rod insulator 10 is, as explained below, according to the example Figure 1 executed differently.
  • the long rod insulator 10 is again made of ceramic and comprises a shaft 11 and circular screens 12 arranged thereon, although in principle each adjacent screens 12 have different projections or diameters.
  • the screens 12 are each designed analogously to the DIN 48006/2 standard and have - albeit in Figure 2 not explicitly shown - one drip edge 13 each (cf. Figure 1 ) on.
  • the uppermost screen 12 of the long rod insulator 10, which is closest to the upper insulator cap 2, and a screen 12 located in the middle and therefore not at the end of the long rod insulator 10 are each designed as a protective screen 12 '; the lowest screen, which is closest to the lower insulator cap 2', is designed as a protective screen 12 ' .
  • the screens 12 'in question have a diameter which is approximately 17.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the two arc protection rings 3, 3'.
  • the diameter of these screens 12 is approximately 20 mm larger than the maximum diameter of those screens 12 ′′ that are not configured as protective screens 12 'or correspondingly as protective screens 12'.
  • the larger ones result in those that are not configured as protective screens 12 ' other screens 12 ′′ have a diameter that is approximately 37.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection rings 3, 3 ′, while the smaller of the other screens shown in FIG Embodiment are about 47.5 mm smaller than the named inner diameter.
  • the protective screens 12 'at the upper end and in the middle of the long rod insulator 10 offer protection against soiling, in particular from bird droppings, compared to the screens 12 "below 12 ′ essentially the transport and storage of the long rod insulator 10 in a horizontal position, in particular also before the insulator caps 2, 2 ′ are attached to the long rod insulator 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochspannungsisolator mit Lichtbogenschutzring.The invention relates to a high-voltage insulator with an arc protection ring.

Überirdische Hochspannungsleitungen sind regelmäßig über Hochspannungsmasten geführt. Um die Hochspannungsmasten elektrisch von den Hochspannungsleitungen zu trennen, sind an den Aufhängungspunkten zwischen den Hochspannungsleitungen und den Hochspannungsmasten jeweils Hochspannungsisolatoren vorgesehen. Dabei kommen häufig Langstabisolatoren zum Einsatz, die an Traversen des Hochspannungsmastes aufgehängt sind und an deren freien Ende die Hochspannungsleitung befestigt ist.Above-ground high-voltage lines are routed regularly over high-voltage pylons. In order to electrically separate the high-voltage pylons from the high-voltage lines, high-voltage insulators are provided at the suspension points between the high-voltage lines and the high-voltage pylons. Long rod insulators are often used here, which are suspended from the crossbars of the high-voltage pylon and at the free end of which the high-voltage line is attached.

In Einzelfällen - bspw. aufgrund eines Blitzschlages oder auch durch stark verschmutzte Isolatoren - kann es zu einem Spannungsüberschlag über dem Hochspannungsisolator kommen, der sich als den eigentlichen Isolator überbrückenden Lichtbogen manifestiert. Um Beschädigungen des Isolators durch das dabei auftretende heiße Lichtbogenplasma zu vermeiden, sind sog. Lichtbogenschutzringe bekannt. Die Lichtbogenschutzringe sind dabei an beiden Enden des eigentlichen Isolators angeordnet und umgeben den Isolator im Wesentlichen ringförmig. Da die Lichtbogenschutzringe aus Metall und somit elektrisch leitend sind, bildet sich der Lichtbogen entweder unmittelbar zwischen den Lichtbogenschutzringen oder die Fußpunkte des Lichtbogens wandern kurz nach der Entstehung des Lichtbogens zu den Lichtbogenschutzringen. In der Folge wird ein direkter Kontakt bzw. eine unmittelbare Nähe zwischen dem Lichtbogen und dem eigentlichen Isolator nur kurzfristig bestehend oder vollständig vermieden. Dadurch können Beschädigungen an dem Isolator reduziert werdenIn individual cases - for example due to a lightning strike or also due to heavily soiled insulators - a voltage flashover can occur across the high-voltage insulator, which manifests itself as an arc bridging the actual insulator. In order to avoid damage to the insulator from the hot arc plasma that occurs in the process, so-called arc protection rings are known. The arc protection rings are arranged at both ends of the actual insulator and essentially surround the insulator in a ring shape. Since the arc protection rings are made of metal and are therefore electrically conductive, the arc either forms directly between the arc protection rings or the base points of the arc migrate to the arc protection rings shortly after the arc is created. As a result, direct contact or immediate proximity between the arc and the actual insulator is only present for a short time or is completely avoided. This can reduce damage to the insulator

Auch wenn die Hochspannungsisolatoren grundsätzlich ausreichend für die gewünschte Isolation zwischen Hochspannungsleitung und Hochspannungsmast ausgelegt sind, kommt es immer wieder zu den bereits genannten Erdschlüssen und Erdkurzschlüssen, bei denen ein Hochspannungsisolator überbrückt wird und die daran befestigte Hochspannungsleitung über den Hochspannungsmast mit dem Erdpotential verbunden wird. Je nach Sternpunktbehandlung des Hochspannungsnetzes und der Dauer der Netzstörung können diese einpoligen Fehler massive Auswirkungen auf nachgelagerte Netze und angeschlossene Verbraucher haben, weshalb es im Stand der Technik Bestrebungen gibt, diese Störungen zu reduzieren und die Betriebssicherheit zu erhöhen.Even if the high-voltage insulators are basically sufficient for the desired insulation between high-voltage lines and high-voltage pylon, the above-mentioned earth faults and short-circuits occur again and again, in which a high-voltage insulator is bridged and the high-voltage line attached to it is connected to the earth potential via the high-voltage pylon. Depending on the neutral point treatment of the high-voltage network and the duration of the network disturbance, these single-pole errors can have massive effects on downstream networks and connected consumers, which is why efforts are being made in the state of the art to reduce these disturbances and increase operational reliability.

Die CN 103 700 453 A beschreibt einen Hochspannungsisolator, bei dem die einzelnen Isolatorschirme abwechselnd alternierende Durchmesser aufweisen. An den Enden der jeweiligen (Teil-) Isolatoren ist jeweils ein Lichtbogenschutzring vorgesehen.The CN 103 700 453 A describes a high-voltage insulator in which the individual insulator screens have alternating diameters. An arc protection ring is provided at the ends of the respective (partial) insulators.

Da als eine Ursache für das Auftreten von Erdschlüssen und Erdkurzschlüssen die Entstehung eines Lichtbogens auf den Hochspannungsisolatoren durch unmittelbar auftreffenden oder abgelagerten Vogeldreck - insbesondere in Kombination mit Feuchtigkeit - identifiziert wurde, schlägt bspw. die technische Spezifikation der Internationalen Elektrotechnischen Kommission IEC/TS 60815-1:200 - Auswahl und Bemessung von Hochspannungsisolatoren für die Anwendung unter Verschmutzungsbedingungen - Teil 1: Begriffe, Informationen und allgemeine Grundlagen vor "... Abschreckungsvorrichtungen oder Vogelstangen anzubringen, die an die örtliche Fauna und an die Konstruktion angepasst sind", um zu vermeiden, dass sich Vögel oberhalb der Hochspannungsisolatoren auf den Hochspannungsmasten niederlassen, ihr Geschäft verrichten und so die Hochspannungsisolatoren verschmutzen. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass durch entsprechende Vorrichtungen Erdschlüsse und Erdkurzschlüsse nur in überschaubaren Umfang reduziert werden können.Since the occurrence of an electric arc on the high-voltage insulators due to directly impacting or deposited bird droppings - especially in combination with moisture - has been identified as a cause for the occurrence of earth faults and earth faults, the technical specification of the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC / TS 60815-1, for example, suggests : 200 - Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators for use under pollution conditions - Part 1: Terms, information and general principles before "... attaching deterrents or bird rods that are adapted to the local fauna and structure" in order to avoid that birds perch on the high-voltage pylons above the high-voltage insulators, do their business and so pollute the high-voltage insulators. However, it has been shown that ground faults and ground faults can only be reduced to a manageable extent by using appropriate devices.

Auch sind Schutzvorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen unmittelbar am Hochspannungsmast oberhalb der Hochspannungsisolatoren auf den Masttraversen Überdachungen vorgesehen werden, die zum Fernhalten von Vogeldreck von den Hochspannungsisolatoren ausgebildet sind. Auch wenn über entsprechende Überdachungen die Verschmutzung der Hochspannungsisolatoren deutlich reduziert werden kann, weisen die Überdachungen gemäß dem Stand der Technik einige Nachteile auf. So sind die Kosten für die Beschaffung und die Montage der Überdachungen erheblich, die Maststatik insbesondere bei Eis, Schnee und Starkwind wird negativ beeinflusst und Wartungsarbeiten an den Masttraversen und den Hochspannungsisolatoren werden erschwert.Protective devices are also known in which canopies are provided directly on the high-voltage pylon above the high-voltage insulators on the mast traverses, which for the Keep bird droppings away from the high-voltage insulators. Even if the soiling of the high-voltage insulators can be significantly reduced by means of appropriate roofs, the roofs according to the prior art have some disadvantages. The costs for the procurement and installation of the canopies are considerable, the mast statics, especially in ice, snow and strong winds, are negatively influenced and maintenance work on the mast cross members and the high-voltage insulators are made more difficult.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hochspannungsisolator mit Lichtbogenschutzring zu schaffen, bei der die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteile nicht mehr oder nur noch in vermindertem Umfang auftreten.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a high-voltage insulator with an arc protection ring in which the disadvantages known from the prior art no longer occur or only occur to a reduced extent.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch einen Hochspannungsisolator gemäß dem Hauptanspruch. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved by a high-voltage insulator according to the main claim. Advantageous further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Demnach betrifft die Erfindung einen Hochspannungsisolator umfassend einen Langstabisolator mit einem Schaft und daran angeordneten kreisförmigen Schirmen, einer Isolatorkappe am oberen Ende des Langstabisolators zur Befestigung des Hochspannungsisolators an einem Hochspannungsmast und einem, die Isolatorkappe oder den der Isolatorkappe nächstliegenden Teil des Langstabisolators umgebenden Lichtbogenschutzring, wobei wenigstens der oberste, der Isolatorkappe nächstliegende Schirm des Langstabisolators als Schutzschirm für die anderen Schirme ausgebildet ist, wobei der maximale Durchmesser der anderen Schirme wenigstens 30 mm kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Lichtbogenschutzrings, der Durchmesser des wenigstens einen Schutzschirms wenigstens 10 mm kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Lichtbogenschutzrings und der Durchmesser des wenigstens einen Schutzschirms wenigstens 20 mm größer ist als der maximale Durchmesser der anderen Schirme.Accordingly, the invention relates to a high-voltage insulator comprising a long-rod insulator with a shaft and circular shields arranged thereon, an insulator cap at the upper end of the long-rod insulator for fastening the high-voltage insulator to a high-voltage pylon and an arc protection ring surrounding the insulator cap or the part of the long-rod insulator closest to the insulator cap, with at least the uppermost screen of the long rod insulator closest to the insulator cap is designed as a protective screen for the other screens, the maximum diameter of the other screens being at least 30 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring, the diameter of the at least one protective screen being at least 10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring and the diameter of the at least one protective screen is at least 20 mm larger than the maximum diameter of the other screens.

Erfindungsgemäß ist demnach vorgesehen, wenigstens einen der am Langstabisolator vorgesehenen kreisförmigen Schirme - nämlich wenigstens den der Isolatorkappe nächstliegende und damit oberste Schirm - als Schutzschirm für die anderen Schirme auszugestalten, wobei die Funktionalität des Isolators oder des Lichtbogenschutzrings nicht eingeschränkt werden soll. Mit "anderen Schirmen" sind dabei diejenigen Schirme eines Langstabisolators bezeichnet, die nicht als Schutzschirme oder einem Schutzschirm entsprechend ausgebildet sind.According to the invention it is therefore provided that at least one of the circular screens provided on the long rod insulator - namely at least the one closest to the insulator cap and thus the uppermost screen - be designed as a protective screen for the other screens, whereby the functionality of the insulator or the arc protection ring should not be restricted. "Other shields" are those shields of a long rod insulator that are not designed as protective shields or a protective shield.

Der wenigstens eine als Schutzschirm ausgestaltete Schirm des Langstabisolators soll dabei einen um wenigsten 20 mm größeren Radius aufweisen als die anderen Schirme, wobei insbesondere bei alternierenden Durchmessern der anderen Schirme auf den größten Durchmesser der anderen Schirme abgestellt wird. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass durch einen entsprechend größeren Durchmesser des Schutzschirmes bereits ein ausreichender Schutz gegenüber Verschmutzung der darunterliegenden anderen Schirme mit Vogeldreck erreicht werden kann.The at least one shield of the long rod insulator designed as a protective shield should have a radius that is at least 20 mm larger than the other shields, with the largest diameter of the other shields being used in particular with alternating diameters of the other shields. It has been shown that a correspondingly larger diameter of the protective screen can already provide adequate protection against soiling of the other screens underneath with bird droppings.

Der auf einem Schutzschirm gelandete Vogeldreck kann bei Regen, der aufgrund des größeren Durchmessers insbesondere auf die als Schutzschirme ausgebildeten Schirme auftritt, abgewaschen werden, sodass ein Selbstreinigungseffekt auftritt. Dies gilt insbesondere für den obersten, als Schutzschirm ausgestalteten Schirm des Langstabisolators. Dabei ist aufgrund des um wenigstens 20 mm größeren Durchmessers der Schirme sichergestellt, dass der von denen als Schutzschirme ausgestalteten Schirmen abgelöste Vogeldreck nicht auf den darunterliegenden anderen Schirmen landet.The bird droppings landed on a protective screen can be washed off in the event of rain, which, due to the larger diameter, occurs in particular on the screens designed as protective screens, so that a self-cleaning effect occurs. This applies in particular to the uppermost shield of the long rod insulator designed as a protective shield. Due to the diameter of the screens which is at least 20 mm larger, it is ensured that the bird droppings detached from the screens designed as protective screens do not land on the other screens below.

Indem erfindungsgemäß weiterhin vorgesehen ist, dass der Durchmesser des wenigstens einen als Schutzschirm ausgebildeten Schirm um wenigstens 10 mm kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Lichtbogenschutzrings, wird sichergestellt, dass weder der Lichtbogenschutz beeinträchtigt noch die als Schutzschirme ausgestalteten Schirme beim Auftreten eines Lichtbogens beschädigt werden. Insbesondere wenn nur der oberste Schirm des Isolators als Schutzschirm ausgebildet ist, kann ein Abstand von 10 mm zwischen Schirm und Schutzring ausreichend sein, da aufgrund der sich aus der unmittelbaren Nähe zwischen Schirm und Schutzring in axialer Richtung des Langstabisolators ergebenden Geometrie bei Auftreten eines Lichtbogens mit einem Fußpunkt am Lichtbogenschutzring dieser Schirm ausreichend vom Lichtbogen beabstandet ist und keine Beschädigungen zu erwarten sind. Die anderen Schirme sind aufgrund des um wenigstens 30 mm gegenüber dem Innendurchmesser des Lichtbogenschutzringes geringeren Durchmessers ebenfalls ausreichend vor Beschädigungen durch einen Lichtbogen geschützt.By further providing according to the invention that the diameter of the at least one screen designed as a protective screen is at least 10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring, it is ensured that neither the arc protection is impaired nor the shields designed as protective shields are damaged in the event of an arc. In particular, if only the top screen of the insulator is designed as a protective screen, a distance of 10 mm between the screen and the protective ring may be sufficient, since due to the geometry resulting from the close proximity between the screen and the protective ring in the axial direction of the long rod insulator, when an arc occurs a base point on the arc protection ring, this screen is sufficiently spaced from the arc and no damage is to be expected. The other shields are also adequately protected from damage by an arc due to their diameter, which is at least 30 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring.

Es ist bevorzugt, wenn der Durchmesser des wenigstens einen Schutzschirms wenigstens 17,5 mm und/oder höchstens 42,5 mm kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Lichtbogenschutzrings. Durch die genannte Untergrenze wird dabei sichergestellt, dass neben den obersten Schirm auch andere als Schutzschirme ausgebildete Schirme ausreichend vor Beschädigungen durch einen evtl. auftretenden Lichtbogen geschützt sind. Durch die maximale Durchmesserdifferenz von 42,5 mm wird sichergestellt, dass sich der eine Fußpunkt eines evtl. an dem Langstabisolator entstehender Lichtbogen unmittelbar auf den Lichtbogen-Schutzring bewegt.It is preferred if the diameter of the at least one protective screen is at least 17.5 mm and / or at most 42.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring. The mentioned lower limit ensures that, in addition to the uppermost screen, other screens designed as protective screens are also adequately protected from damage by a possible arc. The maximum difference in diameter of 42.5 mm ensures that one of the base points of any arc that may arise on the long rod insulator moves directly onto the arc protection ring.

Vorzugsweise ist der Durchmesser des wenigstens einen Schutzschirms höchstens 40 mm größer als der maximale Durchmesser der anderen Schirme. Ein um maximal 40 mm größerer Durchmesser der Schutzschirme ist ausreichend, um die anderen Schirme vor der Ablagerung von Vogeldreck zu schützen und bei Regen eine leitfähige Benetzung der anderen Schirme mit einem Gemisch aus Wasser und Vogeldreck zu verhindern. Gleichzeitig kann durch eine entsprechende Begrenzung der Durchmesserdifferenz in der Regel erreicht werden, dass die Armaturen zur Befestigung des Hochspannungsisolators sowie der Lichtbogenschutzring gegenüber einem Isolator gemäß dem Stand der Technik mit vergleichbaren Isolationseigenschaften unverändert bleiben kann.The diameter of the at least one protective screen is preferably at most 40 mm larger than the maximum diameter of the other screens. A maximum diameter of 40 mm for the protective screens is sufficient to protect the other screens from the build-up of bird droppings and to prevent conductive wetting of the other screens with a mixture of water and bird droppings when it rains. At the same time can through a corresponding limitation of the difference in diameter can usually be achieved so that the fittings for fastening the high-voltage insulator and the arc protection ring can remain unchanged compared to an insulator according to the prior art with comparable insulation properties.

Erfindungsgemäß ist der unterste, von der Isolatorkappe am weitesten entfernte Schirm entsprechend einem Schutzschirm ausgebildet. Auch wenn dieser unterste Schirm gegenüber den anderen Schirmen keine Schutzwirkung gegen Vogeldreck entfalten kann, ist eine Ausgestaltung entsprechend einem Schutzschirm - also insbesondere mit vergleichbarem Durchmesser - vorteilhaft für Transport und Lagerung des Hochspannungsisolators bzw. dessen Langstabisolators.According to the invention, the lowermost screen, which is furthest away from the insulator cap, is designed in accordance with a protective screen. Even if this bottom screen cannot protect against bird droppings compared to the other screens, a configuration corresponding to a protective screen - that is, in particular with a comparable diameter - is advantageous for transporting and storing the high-voltage insulator or its long-rod insulator.

Erfindungsgemäß ist weiter wenigstens ein nicht an einem Ende des Langstabisolators befindlicher Schirm als Schutzschirm ausgebildet. Indem ein innenliegender Schirm des Langstabisolators als Schutzschirm ausgeführt ist - also einen mit den anderen Schutzschirmen vergleichbaren oder gleichen Durchmesser aufweist -, kann die Gefahr des Durchbrechens des Langstabisolators bei Transport und Lagerung in horizontaler Lage weiter reduziert werden. Insbesondere bei langen Isolatoren kann ein innenliegender Schutzschirm auch die darunterliegenden Schirme vor Verschmutzung von oben, die nicht bereits durch den obersten Schutzschirm abgehalten wurde, schützen. Wenigstens zwei benachbarte andere Schirme des Langstabisolators können unterschiedliche Ausladungen haben. Das Alternieren von Schirmdurchmessern beschränkt sich dann nicht mehr nur auf Paarungen von Schutzschirmen und anderen Schirmen, sondern umfasst ausdrücklich auch wenigstens zwei benachbarte andere Schirme. Durch unterschiedliche Ausladungen jeweils benachbarter Schirme kann die Kriechstrecke über den Isolator verlängert werden.According to the invention, at least one screen that is not located at one end of the long rod insulator is also designed as a protective screen. Since an internal shield of the long rod insulator is designed as a protective shield - that is, it has a diameter that is comparable or the same as the other protective shields - the risk of the long rod insulator breaking through during transport and storage in a horizontal position can be further reduced. In the case of long insulators in particular, an internal protective screen can also protect the screens underneath from contamination from above, which has not already been prevented by the uppermost protective screen. At least two other adjacent screens of the long rod insulator can have different projections. The alternation of screen diameters is then no longer limited to pairings of protective screens and other screens, but also expressly includes at least two adjacent other screens. The creepage distance across the insulator can be extended by different projections of adjacent screens.

Der Langstabisolator kann wenigstens zehn, vorzugsweise wenigstens fünfzehn Schirme umfassen und/oder aus Keramik oder glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff sein. Insbesondere kann der Langstabisolator gemäß den Normen DIN EN 61466/2 (Verbund-Langstabisolator) oder DIN 48006/2 (Langstabisolator) ausgebildet sein, wobei die als Schutzschirm ausgebildeten Schirme Abwandlungen von diesen Normen darstellen. Die einzelnen Schirme des Langstabisolators können an ihrer Außenkante umlaufende Tropfkanten aufweisen. Der Hochspannungsisolator kann auch an seinem unteren Ende einen Lichtbogenschutzring aufweisen.The long rod insulator can comprise at least ten, preferably at least fifteen screens and / or be made of ceramic or glass fiber reinforced plastic. In particular, the long rod insulator can be designed in accordance with the standards DIN EN 61466/2 (composite long rod insulator) or DIN 48006/2 (long rod insulator), the shields designed as protective shields being modifications of these standards. The individual screens of the long rod insulator can have peripheral drip edges on their outer edge. The high-voltage insulator can also have an arc protection ring at its lower end.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand vorteilhafter Ausführungsformen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beispielhaft beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
ein nicht erfindungsgemäßes Beispiel eines Hochspannungsisolators mit Lichtbogenschutzring; und
Figur 2:
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungsisolators mit Lichtbogenschutzring.
The invention will now be described by way of example on the basis of advantageous embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Figure 1:
an example not according to the invention of a high-voltage insulator with an arc protection ring; and
Figure 2:
an embodiment of a high-voltage insulator according to the invention with an arc protection ring.

In Figur 1 ist ein Beispiel eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungsisolators 1 dargestellt.In Figure 1 an example of a high-voltage insulator 1 not according to the invention is shown.

Der Hochspannungsisolator 1 umfasst einen Langstabisolator 10, der an seinem oberen Ende mit einer Isolatorkappe 2 verbunden ist. Über diese als Gabelkappe ausgestaltete Isolatorkappe 2 lässt sich der Hochspannungsisolator 1 bspw. an einer Traverse eines Hochspannungsmasts befestigten. An dem unteren Ende des Langstabisolators 10 ist ebenfalls eine als Gabelkappe ausgestaltete Isolatorkappe 2' vorgesehen. An dieser unteren Isolatorkappe 2' kann die Hochspannungsleitung befestigt werden. Um die Isolatorkappen 2, 2' ist jeweils ein Lichtbogenschutzring 3, 3' angeordnet, welche die jeweiligen Enden des Langstabisolators 10 umgeben. Die Lichtbogenschutzringe 3, 3' sind dabei als Metallringe ausgebildet, die im Falle eines Lichtbogens über den Hochspannungsisolator Fußpunkte bilden können, über den der Lichtbogenstrom in die Erde abgeleitet wird. Dabei können die beiden Lichtbogenschutzringe 3, 3' Hornableiter aufweisen, um selbstverlöschend zu sein.The high-voltage insulator 1 comprises a long rod insulator 10, which is connected at its upper end to an insulator cap 2. The high-voltage insulator 1 can be fastened, for example, to a crossbeam of a high-voltage pylon via this insulator cap 2, which is designed as a fork cap. At the lower end of the long rod insulator 10, an insulator cap 2 'designed as a fork cap is also provided. The high-voltage line can be attached to this lower insulator cap 2 '. An arc protection ring 3, 3 'is arranged around the insulator caps 2, 2' and surrounds the respective ends of the long rod insulator 10. The arc protection rings 3, 3 'are designed as metal rings which, in the event of an arc, can form base points via the high-voltage insulator, via which the arc current is diverted into the earth. The two arc protection rings 3, 3 'can have horn arresters in order to be self-extinguishing.

Der Langstabisolator 10 ist aus Keramik gefertigt und umfasst einen Schaft 11 und daran angeordnete kreisförmige Schirme 12. Im dargestellten Beispiel sind zwanzig Schirme 12 vorgesehen. Der Langstabisolator 10 und damit auch die Schirme 12 sind im Wesentlichen gemäß der Norm DIN 48006/2 ausgeführt, wobei sämtliche Schirme 12 an ihrer Außenkante umlaufende Tropfkanten 13 aufweisen. In der Folge kann es sich auch bei den Isolatorkappen 2, 2' und den Lichtbogenschutzringen 3, 3' ebenfalls um standardisierte Bauteile handeln.The long rod insulator 10 is made of ceramic and comprises a shaft 11 and circular screens 12 arranged thereon. In the example shown, twenty screens 12 are provided. The long rod insulator 10 and thus also the screens 12 are designed essentially in accordance with the DIN 48006/2 standard, all screens 12 having peripheral drip edges 13 on their outer edge. As a result, the insulator caps 2, 2 'and the arc protection rings 3, 3' can also be standardized components.

Abweichend von der genannten Norm ist jedoch der oberste, also der oberen Isolatorkappe 2 nächstliegende Schirm 12 des Langstabisolators 10 als Schutzschirm 12' ausgestaltet. Während die anderen, nicht als Schutzschirme ausgebildeten Schirme 12" einen maximalen Durchmesser aufweisen, der um ca. 37,5 mm kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser der Lichtbogenschutzringe 3, 3' ist der Durchmesser des Schutzschirmes 12' nur um ca. 17,5 mm kleiner als der Innendurchmesser des oberen Lichtbogenschutzringes 3. Der Durchmesser des Schutzschirms 12' ist somit um ca. 20 mm größer als der maximale Durchmesser der anderen Schirme 12".In deviation from the cited standard, however, the uppermost screen 12 of the long rod insulator 10, that is to say closest to the upper insulator cap 2, is designed as a protective screen 12 '. While the other screens 12 ″, which are not designed as protective screens, have a maximum diameter which is approx. 37.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection rings 3, 3 ', the diameter of the protective screen 12' is only approx. 17.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the upper arc protection ring 3. The diameter of the protective screen 12 'is thus approximately 20 mm larger than the maximum diameter of the other screens 12 ".

Durch die Ausgestaltung des obersten Schirms 12 des Langstabisolators 10 als Schutzschirm 12' werden die darunter liegenden anderen Schirme 12" vor Vogeldreck geschützt. Gleichzeitig wird die Funktionalität der Lichtbogenschutzringe 3, 3' in keiner Weise eingeschränkt.By designing the uppermost screen 12 of the long rod insulator 10 as a protective screen 12 ', the other screens 12 "below are protected from bird droppings. At the same time, the functionality of the arc protection rings 3, 3 'is not restricted in any way.

In Figur 2 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungsisolators 1 dargestellt. Der Hochspannungsisolator 1 gleicht dabei in weiten Teilen demjenigen aus Figur 1, weshalb auf die obigen Ausführungen verwiesen wird. Lediglich der Langstabisolator 10 ist, wie nachfolgend erläutert, von dem Beispiel gemäß Figur 1 abweichend ausgeführt.In Figure 2 an embodiment of a high-voltage insulator 1 according to the invention is shown. The high-voltage insulator 1 largely compensates for that Figure 1 , which is why reference is made to the statements above. Only the long rod insulator 10 is, as explained below, according to the example Figure 1 executed differently.

Der Langstabisolator 10 ist erneut aus Keramik gefertigt und umfasst einen Schaft 11 und daran angeordnete kreisförmige Schirme 12, wobei jedoch grundsätzlich jeweils benachbarte Schirme 12 unterschiedliche Ausladungen bzw. Durchmesser haben. Die Schirme 12 sind jeweils analog zur Norm DIN 48006/2 ausgeführt und weisen - wenn auch in Figur 2 nicht explizit dargestellt - jeweils eine Tropfkante 13 (vgl. Figur 1) auf. Der oberste, der oberen Isolatorkappe 2 nächstliegende Schirm 12 des Langstabisolators 10 und ein mittig und somit nicht am Ende des Langstabisolators 10 befindlicher Schirm 12 sind jeweils als Schutzschirm 12', der unterste, der unteren Isolatorkappe 2' nächstliegende Schirm entsprechend einem Schutzschirm 12' ausgestaltet. Die fraglichen Schirme 12' weisen einen Durchmesser auf, der um ca. 17,5 mm kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser der beiden Lichtbogenschutzringe 3, 3'. Gleichzeitig ist der Durchmesser dieser Schirme 12 um ca. 20 mm größer als der maximale Durchmesser derjenigen Schirme 12", die nicht als Schutzschirm 12' oder entsprechend einem Schutzschirm 12' ausgestaltet sind. Somit ergibt sich bei den größeren der nicht als Schutzschirme 12' ausgebildeten anderen Schirme 12" ein gegenüber dem Innendurchmesser der Lichtbogenschutzringen 3, 3' um ca. 37,5 mm kleinerer Durchmesser, während die kleineren der anderen Schirme im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel um ca. 47,5 mm kleiner sind als der genannte Innendurchmesser.The long rod insulator 10 is again made of ceramic and comprises a shaft 11 and circular screens 12 arranged thereon, although in principle each adjacent screens 12 have different projections or diameters. The screens 12 are each designed analogously to the DIN 48006/2 standard and have - albeit in Figure 2 not explicitly shown - one drip edge 13 each (cf. Figure 1 ) on. The uppermost screen 12 of the long rod insulator 10, which is closest to the upper insulator cap 2, and a screen 12 located in the middle and therefore not at the end of the long rod insulator 10 are each designed as a protective screen 12 '; the lowest screen, which is closest to the lower insulator cap 2', is designed as a protective screen 12 ' . The screens 12 'in question have a diameter which is approximately 17.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the two arc protection rings 3, 3'. At the same time, the diameter of these screens 12 is approximately 20 mm larger than the maximum diameter of those screens 12 ″ that are not configured as protective screens 12 'or correspondingly as protective screens 12'. Thus, the larger ones result in those that are not configured as protective screens 12 ' other screens 12 ″ have a diameter that is approximately 37.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection rings 3, 3 ′, while the smaller of the other screens shown in FIG Embodiment are about 47.5 mm smaller than the named inner diameter.

Die Schutzschirme 12` am oberen Ende sowie in der Mitte des Langstabisolators 10 bieten gegenüber den jeweils darunterliegenden Schirmen 12" einen Schutz vor Verschmutzung, insbesondere durch Vogeldreck. Der entsprechend einem Schutzschirm 12' ausgebildete unterste Schirm 12 des Langstabisolators 10 erleichtert zusammen mit den anderen Schutzschirmen 12' im Wesentlichen den Transport und die Lagerung des Langstabisolators 10 in horizontaler Lage, insbesondere auch bevor die Isolatorkappen 2, 2'am Langstabisolator 10 angebracht werden.The protective screens 12 'at the upper end and in the middle of the long rod insulator 10 offer protection against soiling, in particular from bird droppings, compared to the screens 12 "below 12 ′ essentially the transport and storage of the long rod insulator 10 in a horizontal position, in particular also before the insulator caps 2, 2 ′ are attached to the long rod insulator 10.

Claims (6)

  1. High-voltage insulator (1) comprising a long rod-type insulator (10) with a shaft (11) and at least ten circular shields (12) arranged thereon, an insulator cap (2) at the upper end of the long rod-type insulator (10) for fastening the high-voltage insulator (1) to a high-voltage mast, and an arc protection ring (3) which surrounds the insulator cap (2) or that portion of the long rod-type insulator (10) that is situated closest to the insulator cap (2),
    characterized in that
    the topmost shield (12) of the long rod-type insulator (10) that is situated closest to the insulator cap (2), the lowermost shield (12) that is situated furthest away from the insulator cap (2) at the upper end of the long rod-type insulator (10) and a shield (12) not located at an end of the long rod-type insulator (10) are each designed as a protective shield (12'), wherein the maximum diameter of the other shields (12") not designed as a protective shield (12') is at least 30 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring (3), the diameter of the protective shields (12') is at least 10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring (3) and the diameter of the protective shields (12') is at least 20 mm larger than the maximum diameter of the other shields (12").
  2. High-voltage insulator according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the diameter of the protective shields (12') is at least 17.5 mm and/or at most 42.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the arc protection ring (3).
  3. High-voltage insulator according to either of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the diameter of the protective shields (12') is at most 40 mm larger than the maximum diameter of the other shields (12") .
  4. High-voltage insulator according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    at least two neighbouring other shields (12) of the long rod-type insulator (10) have different overhangs.
  5. High-voltage insulator according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the long rod-type insulator (10) comprises at least fifteen shields.
  6. High-voltage insulator according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the long rod-type insulator (10) is made of ceramic or glass-fibre reinforced plastic.
EP17808504.9A 2016-12-06 2017-12-06 High voltage isolator with arc protection ring Active EP3552219B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP16202324.6A EP3333858A1 (en) 2016-12-06 2016-12-06 High voltage isolator with arc protection ring
PCT/EP2017/081606 WO2018104353A1 (en) 2016-12-06 2017-12-06 High-voltage insulator having an arc protection ring

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EP3552219B1 true EP3552219B1 (en) 2021-05-19

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EP3827891B1 (en) 2019-11-28 2022-02-16 Carl Freudenberg KG Filter element with conductive edge band and filter arrangement comprising such a filter element
CN112259305B (en) * 2020-10-12 2022-03-25 江西省萍乡市南坑高压电瓷有限公司 Self-cleaning type nano glaze porcelain umbrella-shaped insulator and use method thereof

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JP3217525B2 (en) * 1993-02-10 2001-10-09 古河電気工業株式会社 Deterioration prevention device for polymer insulator
CN1255821C (en) * 2003-10-16 2006-05-10 武汉市德赛电力设备有限公司 Unit serial compound insulator
CN2872557Y (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-02-21 南方电网技术研究中心 Double-ring closed equalizing protector for ultra-high voltage synthetic insulator
CN201298408Y (en) * 2008-11-29 2009-08-26 河南省电力公司焦作供电公司 A birds droppings proofing insulator
CN201336189Y (en) * 2008-12-26 2009-10-28 中国西电电气股份有限公司 Plus or minus 500kV direct current rod post porcelain insulator
CN201498279U (en) * 2009-08-28 2010-06-02 江苏祥源电气设备有限公司 Enlarged umbrella composite insulator
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EP3333858A1 (en) 2018-06-13
US20190392965A1 (en) 2019-12-26
EP3552219A1 (en) 2019-10-16
WO2018104353A1 (en) 2018-06-14
CN110050312A (en) 2019-07-23

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