EP3549404B1 - Method and system for a flicker-free light dimmer in an electricity distribution network - Google Patents
Method and system for a flicker-free light dimmer in an electricity distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- EP3549404B1 EP3549404B1 EP17876154.0A EP17876154A EP3549404B1 EP 3549404 B1 EP3549404 B1 EP 3549404B1 EP 17876154 A EP17876154 A EP 17876154A EP 3549404 B1 EP3549404 B1 EP 3549404B1
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- lamps
- electrical supply
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- light intensity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
- H05B45/12—Controlling the intensity of the light using optical feedback
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
- H05B39/04—Controlling
- H05B39/041—Controlling the light-intensity of the source
- H05B39/044—Controlling the light-intensity of the source continuously
- H05B39/048—Controlling the light-intensity of the source continuously with reverse phase control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
- H05B45/59—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits for reducing or suppressing flicker or glow effects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/357—Driver circuits specially adapted for retrofit LED light sources
- H05B45/3574—Emulating the electrical or functional characteristics of incandescent lamps
- H05B45/3575—Emulating the electrical or functional characteristics of incandescent lamps by means of dummy loads or bleeder circuits, e.g. for dimmers
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to systems and methods for altering and correcting the electrical signal of an alternating voltage which influences the illumination intensity of an electronic lamp such as light emitting diode (LED) lamps with or without regulation circuit.
- the invention also relates to all other fields of control application where segments of the electric wave coming from the power supply network are withdrawn to control an electrical equipment which regulates a function or a method such as the speed of an electric motor.
- LED lamp manufacturers For issues of backward compatibility with incandescent bulbs, LED lamp manufacturers generally integrate electronic circuits to determine the conduction angle of the power supply in order to vary the light intensity. Unlike the incandescent bulb, the light intensity of the LED lamp varies greatly with very small variation in the amplitude of the electrical signal, especially near its ignition point. The result is that at low intensity, the slightest disturbance or variation in the electrical signal feeding the LED lamp creates stressful flickering effects for humans and animals.
- a popular method of varying the light intensity is using the TRIAC control.
- the flicker of low intensity lamps is often produced by the activation of the trigger of the TRIAC in the area where the amplitude of the electrical signal is below the conduction voltage of the LEDs or when the residual energy accumulated in the various electrical components is restored or superimposed on the mains voltage.
- This disturbance is further amplified by the length of conductor which distributes the energy to the lamps or when the number of lamps connected to the same source is large.
- U.S. Patent No. US 2015/181682 A1 discloses a method of maintaining power to the switch controller by draining current from the circuit to supply power to the controller when the switch is open (inactive) and therefore the controller is inactive.
- US 2012/056553 A1 describes a circuit plugging into a dimmer and being configured to receive a signal from said dimmer.
- the circuit includes a load and a switch.
- the circuit also includes a drain circuit which is activated near the zero crossing to give a load to the dimmer and reset a delay circuit of the dimmer.
- the drain circuit is activated to control the current received by the load.
- U.S. Patent No. US 2016/081149 A1 describes a control system for a semiconductor lamp connected to a trailing edge cut-off dimmer switch. The system allows cycles of interrupting and conduction of current with the switch while the energy accumulated in a capacitor is at its maximum to increase efficiency. The start of cycles can be determined by a minimum current threshold or even after the zero crossing.
- the invention is defined by a control method for adjusting the flicker-free light intensity of one or more lamps in accordance with claim 1 and a control system for adjusting the flicker-free light intensity of one or more lamps. or more lamps according to claim 16.
- Preferred embodiments are defined by the dependent claims.
- the invention generally consists in providing a signal conditioner capable of filtering, converting, segmenting or generally realizing a waveform from an electrical source into an electrical power signal for an electrical device, such as an LED lamp. , so that the reading of the electrical signal which the device in fact can make it possible to perform a function practically free from variation induced by fluctuations in the source.
- an active load rapidly absorbing residual power line energy is applied when the conditioner cuts power to the apparatus.
- the energy dissipated by the active load during the conduction phase is almost zero and is limited to the consumption of electronic components which control this circuit.
- a method for eliminating flicker from one or more LED lamps on a power distribution network includes synchronizing at zero crossing of the mains supply voltage of electrical distribution, power the LED lamps when the mains voltage is above the switch-on threshold of the lamp LEDs and cut off the power supply to the LED lamps.
- the method may also include, upon disconnecting the power, draining the residual energy accumulated in the LED lamp.
- the LED light can also be activated using an electronic switch.
- the method may also include a step of pre-charging energy into the LED lamp before activating the LED lamp.
- the method also includes rectifying the power supply to store said energy in capacitors in order to return energy in a controlled fashion to the LED lamps.
- the restitution of the energy can take the form of a sine wave, a trapezoidal wave and / or a complex cyclic wave varying in time.
- the method comprises detecting the intensity of the light emitted by the LED lamp and according to the intensity of the light emitted by the LED lamp, monitoring the voltage sent to the LED lamp in order to '' obtain a predetermined and stable light intensity.
- a system for eliminating flicker from one or more LED lamps on a power distribution network generally includes at least one switch connected to the LED lamp, an active current drain circuit, a controller configured to synchronize to zero crossing of the supply voltage of the electrical distribution network, the controller being configured to close the switch when the mains voltage is above the threshold for switching on the lamp LEDs, open the switch to switch off the LED lamp according to the required intensity and activate the drainage circuit.
- the controller can also be configured to activate the drain circuit when the switch opens.
- the system may also include an electrical wave zero crossing detection circuit connected to the controller and / or a feedback circuit for correcting the output signal supplied to the LED lamp.
- the feedback circuit may include a light intensity detector. This light intensity detector may be an optical detector configured to convert the light emitted by the lamp into an electrical signal proportional to the light intensity.
- the system also includes a current limiting circuit and / or a power supply rectifier system.
- the power supply rectifier system may include one or more capacitors configured to store energy and return it in a controlled manner to the LED lamps.
- the capacitor (s) may be configured to output energy in the form of a sine wave, a trapezoidal wave and / or a time varying complex cyclic wave.
- the system may include an overload protection circuit, a short circuit protection circuit, and / or a current meter connected to the LED lamp.
- the system 2 here called the conditioner 2, receives an electric power supply from an alternating source 1.
- the conditioner applies transformations to the electric wave to restore it to a device 4.
- the device 4 can be a lamp, a motor. or any other device that converts the electrical signal from its power supply into some function such as light, motive force, movement, etc.
- the circuit illustrated in Figure 2 typically operates with an AC alternating voltage where the current flowing through switch 6 is bidirectional.
- the second circuit shown in Figure 3 has a diode bridge 3a which rectifies the AC voltage of the network into a full-wave waveform where the current flowing through switch 6 is unidirectional.
- the upstream filtration and protection circuit 5 aims to protect the electronic components against network overvoltages and aims to limit the emissions conducted on the electrical network.
- a network voltage zero crossing detection circuit 10 enables the main controller 11 to synchronize itself on each start of the network voltage cycle.
- a brightness setpoint produced by a user interface or by an external electric circuit initiates a sequence of activation of the switch 6 as a function of time in order to allow the control of the intensity of the LED lamps 4.
- a "snubber” type circuit 8 allows absorb the energy stored in the inductor of the LED lamp network wiring and protect switch 6 against overvoltages.
- An active “bleeder” type circuit 9 makes it possible to drain or drain the energy of the “snubber” type circuit 8 as well as the residual energy stored in the components of the LED lamp network in order to guarantee a precise and controlled transition from switching off the switch 6.
- the system can include an overload protection circuit 12 and protection against short-circuits on start-up 13 typically installed using, for example, a current-voltage converter 7.
- This type circuit 13 generally makes it possible to protect the electronic and electrical components of the control circuit against a current overload and makes it possible to limit the thermal dissipation of the components.
- the system can also include a detection circuit, here expressed by a light intensity detector 14, generally aimed at allowing feedback aimed at correcting the output signal supplying, in this example, the LED lamps.
- the Figure 6 illustrates a circuit similar to the main switching circuit of the Figure 5 but having a DC power supply from a rectified full-wave wave.
- the circuit typically includes a main controller 11 configured to control the activation of switch 5c and / or 6c via a galvanically isolated circuit 5a and MOSFET control circuits 5b and / or 6b.
- a main controller 11 configured to control the activation of switch 5c and / or 6c via a galvanically isolated circuit 5a and MOSFET control circuits 5b and / or 6b.
- optical isolators 5a and / or 6a may be used in this circuit.
- other components such as magnetic, capacitive, “hall effect” or RF isolators could be used.
- the switch 5c and / or 6c can comprise one or more MOSFETs and / or other components such as bipolar transistors or IGBTs.
- MOSFETs mounted or connected in parallel is also possible and makes it possible to produce a very low resistance power switch which considerably reduces the losses of electrical power.
- Such a switching circuit generally aims to reduce the size of the heat sink until it is removed if the equivalent thermal resistance allows it.
- Circuit 14 is generally composed of an optical detector 11a.
- the optical detector 11a generally converts the light emitted by the LED lamps into an electrical signal proportional to the light intensity.
- the electrical signal is then amplified by a transimpedance amplifier 11b to an acceptable level in order to be converted into a digital value by the analog-to-digital converter 11d.
- a photodiode 11a is used in this embodiment of circuit 14.
- other optical converters such as a phototransistor, a photoelectric cell or a solar cell could also be used.
- the analog-to-digital converter 11d could be replaced by an oscillator with its pulse width modulation (PWM) controlled by the output of the amplifier 11b and coupled to a logic input of the main controller 11.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the active “bleeder” 9 generally aims to absorb part of the residual energy restored by the wiring inductance of the LED lamps which is stored in the “snubber” 8 and the residual energy also coming from the other electronic components on it. line. This absorption typically allows a cleaner cut-off of each activation cycle of the switch 6 and generally makes it possible to prevent this energy from being consumed by the lamps.
- One or more clear cuts during each cycle of the network aims to properly control the LED lamps which have circuits for temporal wavefront detections as control signals in "dimmer" mode.
- the active “bleeder” circuit 9 typically comprises a resistive load 7d and / or 8d which is switched on in parallel with the LED lamps by means of a switch 7c8c when the switch 6 is open.
- MOSFETS 7c and / or 8c can be used to activate the resistive load 7d and / or 8d.
- other components such as bipolar transistors or IGBTs can be used in this circuit 9.
- the main controller 11 controls the activation of the switch 7c and / or 8c via a circuit with galvanic isolation 7a and / or 8a and MOSFET control circuits 7b and / or 8b.
- optical isolators 7a and / or 8a can be used in this circuit 9 but other components such as magnetic, capacitive, "hall effect” or RF isolators can be substituted.
- the Switch 6 and switch 7c and / or 8c activation sequence may be 180 degrees out of phase but may also include a different sequence which allows better control of the LED lamps.
- a current limiting circuit 12 comprising an integrator generally makes it possible to remove the fuse and to protect the power switches 6 against excessive loads.
- An embodiment of the current limiting circuit 12 is shown in Figure 9 and can in particular operate in alternating current mode or in direct current mode with a rectified full-wave wave.
- the measurement of the current in the switch 6 is typically done using a current-voltage converter 7, preferably a low value resistor.
- the current measurement circuit 7 can also include a current transformer or a “hall effect” sensor.
- the output of the current converter 7 is generally directed to an amplifier 9b whose output drives a variable current source 9c whose intensity is proportional to the current flowing in the switch 6.
- a current integrator formed by the current source 9c , the capacitor 9d and the switch 9e make it possible to integrate the waveform of the current flowing in the circuit of the LED lamps.
- the output of the integrator is compared to a reference voltage using comparator 9f.
- Exceeding the threshold on comparator 9f will cut off the power supply to the LED lamps using switch 6. This cut is intended to protect the electronic components.
- the zero crossing of the power supply purges the charge of the capacitor 9d.
- the current limiting circuit 12 is typically galvanically isolated using a galvanic isolating circuit 9a.
- circuit 12 may comprise optical isolators (9a) or even other components such as magnetic, capacitive, “hall effect” or RF isolators. Circuit 12 could also include an alarm indicating an overload directed to main controller 11 for processing.
- a protection circuit against short-circuits on start-up 13 generally makes it possible to avoid an overload on the electrical and electronic components in the event of incorrect connection by the user.
- a preferred embodiment of a protection circuit 13 is illustrated at Figure 10 and operates, in particular, in alternating current or direct current mode with a rectified full-wave wave.
- the measurement of the current in the switch 6 is typically done using a current-voltage converter 7, preferably a low value resistor. Without being limited thereto, the current measuring circuit 7 can also include a current transformer or a “hall” sensor. effect ”.
- the output of the current converter 7 is generally directed to an amplifier 10b followed by a comparator 10c and a D flip-flop 10d.
- the maximum intensity of the current flowing in the switch 6 is typically limited by the opening of the switch 6 when there is an overshoot on each half-cycle of the mains voltage in alternating mode or on each half-cycle of the rectified mains voltage in full-wave mode.
- the zero crossing of the power supply resets the D flip-flop 10d to zero.
- the short-circuit protection circuit 13 is generally galvanically isolated by means of an optical isolator circuit 10a.
- optical isolators 10a are used in this circuit.
- other components such as magnetic, capacitive, “hall effect” or RF isolators can be used.
- An alarm indicating a short circuit on start-up can be directed to the main controller 11 for processing.
- the detection of the zero crossing of the power supply 10 is carried out with a level detector having a clear and precise discrimination of the network voltage.
- An embodiment of the zero crossing detection circuit 10 is shown in Figure 4 .
- the supply voltage of the AC network charges a capacitor 4c to a limit voltage determined by the clipping circuit 4b.
- the comparator 4d is activated when the network voltage generally falls below the threshold determined by the reference voltage accumulated in the capacitor 4c. Without limitation, the output of comparator 4d can activate the LED of galvanic isolator 4a which transmits the zero crossing signal to the main controller 11.
- circuit 10 may also include an optical isolator. In other embodiments, circuit 10 could include other components such as magnetic, capacitive, “hall effect” or RF isolators.
- the activation of the switches 6 can be out of phase by a few microseconds in order to aim to reduce the instantaneous energy demand coming from the electrical network and thus reduce the drop in supply voltage which can influence the behavior of the load 4.
- configurations eliminate flicker from LED lamps due to fluctuations in the power grid supply by rectifying the power supply for storage in capacitor banks for storage. returned in a controlled manner to the lamps.
- the electrical restitution can then take different forms including, for example, a constant voltage, a sinusoidal form of which the peak amplitude and the frequency are controlled, a trapezoidal modulation which allows a better constant of the intensity than the sinusoidal form while maintaining slow transitions which reduce conducted emissions and electromagnetic radiation.
- the proposed restitution circuit consists of an ON / OFF modulator whose useful cycle (PWM) varies in time all along the cyclic period. This waveform is then filtered using a passive or active low-pass filter in order to retain the DC component. The variation of the duty cycle modulates the amplitude of the DC component to form a complex cyclic wave which is transmitted to the circuit of the LED lamps.
- PWM useful cycle
- control method generally aims to offer several advantages including, among others, in many cases, better functional stability at low current of the device 4 and a lower current draw than in the central band mode ( Figure 14 ) and "leading-edge" ( Figure 13 ).
- the control method generally consists in positioning the moment of activation of the electronic switch 6 when the alternating voltage reaches a predetermined amplitude in the modus operandi of the apparatus.
- the quantity of energy transmitted to the device 4 is generally determined by the duration of the activation of the electronic switch 6.
- the progressive increase in energy is typically transferred to the device and in the following manner: at the minimum value, the electronic switch is activated for example at N2 and deactivation at N3. Then gradually, from N2 to N4, from N2 to N5, until the conduction window reaches N2 to N8. After that, the increase continues by increasing the conduction period from N1 to N8. Energy transmission is total when conduction is from (N0) to N8.
- the regression of the transmitted energy is done inversely to the progression either: (N0) to N8, N1 to N8, N2 to N8, N2 to N7, N2 to N6, up to the minimum conduction time of N2 to N3.
- the time interval between N0, N1, N2 ... N8 is indicative only and is adapted depending on the target device.
- the control algorithm may allow multiple cycles to switch each segment within the LED conduction zone.
- activation can first be done at P1 when the network voltage exceeds the predetermined threshold of the first series of LEDs. The intensity is then gradually increased by delaying the first cut P2.
- a second pulse centered on the full voltage of the line is activated. Eventually, the second pulse merges with the first when P2 and P3 meet. Finally, P1 and P4 move towards their respective zero crossing P5 to obtain a full wave.
- the control algorithm may allow a gradual charging of the input capacitive reactance of the lamp using a rising rising edge that limits the inrush of the load current during the voltage rise time.
- the first cycle is activated first in D1 when the network voltage crosses zero and ends in D2 below the LED activation threshold.
- the time interval between D1 and D2 is dedicated to the charging of the capacitive reactance of the lamp, in this interval, the light intensity of the lamp is zero.
- a second conduction cycle is triggered when the mains voltage is higher than the conduction voltage of the LEDs, this cycle allows the activation of the LED segment of the lamp.
- the firing point of the LED segment is located at D3 and its intensity is controlled by the duration of the cycle starting at D3 and ending at D4.
- the increase in light intensity is generally done gradually by increasing the duration of the conduction of the second cycle until reaching point D5.
- the activation of the load cycle of the capacitive reactance is preferably made at the zero crossing D1 of the network voltage but can also be activated at any time in the interval D1 to D2.
- the method makes it possible to achieve, without being limited thereto, all of the shapes presented using preprogrammed modes in order to produce the waveform adapted to the circuit of the lamp and to the topology of the installation.
- the method makes it possible to define any particular waveform made up from the voltage of the electric mains.
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Description
La présente invention concerne de manière générale les systèmes et méthodes permettant d'altérer et de corriger le signal électrique d'une tension alternative qui influence l'intensité de l'éclairage d'une lampe électronique telle des lampes à diode électroluminescent (DEL) avec ou sans circuit de régulation. L'invention concerne aussi tous autres domaines d'application de contrôle où des segments de l'onde électrique provenant du réseau d'alimentation sont retirés pour commander un équipement électrique qui régule une fonction ou un procédé tel la vitesse d'un moteur électrique.The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for altering and correcting the electrical signal of an alternating voltage which influences the illumination intensity of an electronic lamp such as light emitting diode (LED) lamps with or without regulation circuit. The invention also relates to all other fields of control application where segments of the electric wave coming from the power supply network are withdrawn to control an electrical equipment which regulates a function or a method such as the speed of an electric motor.
Pour des questions de rétrocompatibilité avec les ampoules incandescentes, les manufacturiers de lampes DEL intègre généralement des circuits électroniques permettant de déterminer l'angle de conduction de l'alimentation afin de faire varier l'intensité lumineuse. Contrairement à l'ampoule incandescente, l'intensité lumineuse de la lampe DEL varie grandement pour de très faible variation d'amplitude du signal électrique, spécialement près de son point d'allumage. La résultante est qu'à faible intensité, la moindre perturbation ou variation du signal électrique alimentant la lampe DEL crée des effets de scintillement stressant pour les humains et les animaux.For issues of backward compatibility with incandescent bulbs, LED lamp manufacturers generally integrate electronic circuits to determine the conduction angle of the power supply in order to vary the light intensity. Unlike the incandescent bulb, the light intensity of the LED lamp varies greatly with very small variation in the amplitude of the electrical signal, especially near its ignition point. The result is that at low intensity, the slightest disturbance or variation in the electrical signal feeding the LED lamp creates stressful flickering effects for humans and animals.
Une méthode populaire pour faire varier l'intensité lumineuse utilise le contrôle à TRIAC. Le scintillement des lampes à faible intensité est souvent produit par l'activation de la gâchette du TRIAC dans la zone où l'amplitude du signal électrique est en-dessous de la tension de conduction des DEL ou lorsque l'énergie résiduelle cumulée dans les divers composants électriques est restituée ou superposée à la tension du secteur. Cette perturbation est davantage amplifiée par la longueur de conducteur qui distribue l'énergie aux lampes ou lorsque le nombre de lampes raccordées à une même source est important. Le brevet Américain No.
Ainsi, il y a des besoins pour des méthodes améliorées de contrôle visant généralement à limiter l'effet de scintillement des lampes ou un système d'éclairage et visant à accéder à des niveaux d'intensités d'éclairages plus faible que les méthodes populaires utilisées.Thus, there is a need for improved control methods generally aimed at limiting the flickering effect of lamps or a lighting system and aimed at accessing lower light intensity levels than the popular methods used. .
L'invention est définie par une méthode de contrôle permettant d'ajuster l'intensité lumineuse sans scintillement d'une ou plusieurs lampes en accord avec la revendication 1 et un système de contrôle permettant d'ajuster l'intensité lumineuse sans scintillement d'une ou de plusieurs lampes en accord avec la revendication 16. Des modes de réalisation préférés sont définis par les revendications dépendantes.The invention is defined by a control method for adjusting the flicker-free light intensity of one or more lamps in accordance with
L'invention consiste généralement à créer un conditionneur de signal capable de filtrer, convertir, segmenter ou de généralement réaliser une forme d'onde provenant d'une source électrique en un signal électrique d'alimentation pour un appareil électrique, tel une lampe aux DEL, de façon à ce que la lecture du signal électrique qu'en fait l'appareil puisse permettre de réaliser une fonction pratiquement exempte de variation induite par les fluctuations de la source.The invention generally consists in providing a signal conditioner capable of filtering, converting, segmenting or generally realizing a waveform from an electrical source into an electrical power signal for an electrical device, such as an LED lamp. , so that the reading of the electrical signal which the device in fact can make it possible to perform a function practically free from variation induced by fluctuations in the source.
Dans un autre aspect de l'invention, une charge active absorbant rapidement l'énergie résiduelle de la ligne électrique est appliquée lorsque le conditionneur coupe l'alimentation de l'appareil. Contrairement à une charge passive qui dissipe typiquement une quantité élevée d'énergie durant la phase de conduction des interrupteurs électroniques, l'énergie dissipée par la charge active lors de la phase de conduction est quasi nulle et se limite à la consommation des composants électroniques qui contrôlent ce circuit.In another aspect of the invention, an active load rapidly absorbing residual power line energy is applied when the conditioner cuts power to the apparatus. Unlike a passive load which typically dissipates a high amount of energy during the conduction phase of electronic switches, the energy dissipated by the active load during the conduction phase is almost zero and is limited to the consumption of electronic components which control this circuit.
Dans un autre aspect de l'invention, une méthode pour éliminer le scintillement d'une ou plusieurs lampes à DEL sur un réseau de distribution électrique est décrite. La méthode comprend synchroniser au passage à zéro de la tension d'alimentation du réseau de distribution électrique, alimenter les lampes à DEL lorsque la tension du réseau est au-dessus du seuil d'allumage des DEL de la lampe et couper l'alimentation des lampes à DEL.In another aspect of the invention, a method for eliminating flicker from one or more LED lamps on a power distribution network is disclosed. The method includes synchronizing at zero crossing of the mains supply voltage of electrical distribution, power the LED lamps when the mains voltage is above the switch-on threshold of the lamp LEDs and cut off the power supply to the LED lamps.
La méthode peut également comprendre, lors de la coupure de l'alimentation, de vider l'énergie résiduelle accumulée dans la lampe à DEL. La lampe à DEL peut également être activée à l'aide d'un interrupteur électronique.The method may also include, upon disconnecting the power, draining the residual energy accumulated in the LED lamp. The LED light can also be activated using an electronic switch.
Dans un aspect supplémentaire, la méthode peut également comprendre une étape de pré-chargement d'énergie dans la lampe à DEL avant d'activer la lampe à DEL.In a further aspect, the method may also include a step of pre-charging energy into the LED lamp before activating the LED lamp.
Autrement, la méthode comprend aussi le redressement de l'alimentation électrique afin d'emmagasiner ladite énergie dans des condensateurs afin de restituer l'énergie de façon contrôlée vers les lampes à DEL. La restitution de l'énergie peut prendre la forme d'une onde sinusoïdale, d'une onde trapézoïdale et/ou une onde cyclique complexe variant de manière temporelle.Otherwise, the method also includes rectifying the power supply to store said energy in capacitors in order to return energy in a controlled fashion to the LED lamps. The restitution of the energy can take the form of a sine wave, a trapezoidal wave and / or a complex cyclic wave varying in time.
Dans un autre aspect de l'invention, la méthode comprend détecter l'intensité de la lumière émise par la lampe à DEL et selon l'intensité de la lumière émise par la lampe DEL, contrôler la tension envoyée à la lampe à DEL afin d'obtenir une intensité lumineuse prédéterminée et stable.In another aspect of the invention, the method comprises detecting the intensity of the light emitted by the LED lamp and according to the intensity of the light emitted by the LED lamp, monitoring the voltage sent to the LED lamp in order to '' obtain a predetermined and stable light intensity.
Dans un aspect de l'invention, un système pour éliminer le scintillement d'une ou plusieurs lampes à DEL sur un réseau de distribution électrique est décrit. Le système comprend généralement au moins un interrupteur connecté à la lampe à DEL, un circuit de drainage actif du courant, un contrôleur configuré pour se synchroniser au passage à zéro de la tension d'alimentation du réseau de distribution électrique, le contrôleur étant configuré pour fermer l'interrupteur lorsque la tension du réseau est au-dessus du seuil d'allumage des DEL de la lampe, ouvrir l'interrupteur pour éteindre la lampe à DEL en fonction de l'intensité demandée et activer le circuit de drainage. Le contrôleur peut également être configuré pour activer le circuit de drainage lorsque l'interrupteur ouvre.In one aspect of the invention, a system for eliminating flicker from one or more LED lamps on a power distribution network is disclosed. The system generally includes at least one switch connected to the LED lamp, an active current drain circuit, a controller configured to synchronize to zero crossing of the supply voltage of the electrical distribution network, the controller being configured to close the switch when the mains voltage is above the threshold for switching on the lamp LEDs, open the switch to switch off the LED lamp according to the required intensity and activate the drainage circuit. The controller can also be configured to activate the drain circuit when the switch opens.
Le système peut aussi comprendre un circuit de détection du passage à zéro de l'onde électrique connecté au contrôleur et/ou un circuit de rétroaction permettant de corriger le signal de sortie alimentant la lampe à DEL. Le circuit de rétroaction peut comprendre un détecteur d'intensité lumineuse. Ce détecteur d'intensité lumineuse peut être un détecteur optique configuré pour convertir la lumière émise par la lampe en un signal électrique proportionnel à l'intensité lumineuse.The system may also include an electrical wave zero crossing detection circuit connected to the controller and / or a feedback circuit for correcting the output signal supplied to the LED lamp. The feedback circuit may include a light intensity detector. This light intensity detector may be an optical detector configured to convert the light emitted by the lamp into an electrical signal proportional to the light intensity.
Dans d'autres aspects de l'invention, le système comprend également un circuit limiteur de courant et/ou un système de redressement de l'alimentation électrique. Le système de redressement de l'alimentation électrique peut comprendre un ou plusieurs condensateurs configurés pour emmagasiner l'énergie et la restituer de manière contrôlée vers les lampes à DEL. Le ou les condensateurs peuvent être configurés pour restituer l'énergie sous forme d'une onde sinusoïdale, d'une onde trapézoïdale et/ou d'une onde cyclique complexe variant de manière temporelle.In other aspects of the invention, the system also includes a current limiting circuit and / or a power supply rectifier system. The power supply rectifier system may include one or more capacitors configured to store energy and return it in a controlled manner to the LED lamps. The capacitor (s) may be configured to output energy in the form of a sine wave, a trapezoidal wave and / or a time varying complex cyclic wave.
Dans des aspects additionnels, le système peut comprendre un circuit de protection contre les surcharges, un circuit de protection contre les courts-circuits et/ou un mesureur de courant connecté à la lampe à DEL.In additional aspects, the system may include an overload protection circuit, a short circuit protection circuit, and / or a current meter connected to the LED lamp.
Les caractéristiques de la présente invention qui sont considérées comme nouvelles et inventives seront décrites avec plus de détails dans les revendications présentées ci-après.The features of the present invention which are considered new and inventive will be described in more detail in the claims presented hereinafter.
Les avantages, objectifs et caractéristiques de la présente invention seront plus facilement observables en se référant à la description détaillée suivante qui sera faite à l'aide des figures dans lesquelles :
- La
figure 1 illustre le résumé de l'invention. - La
figure 2 illustre le schéma bloc du circuit électronique alimenté par une tension alternative du réseau électrique. - La
figure 3 illustre le schéma bloc du circuit électronique alimenté par une tension DC double alternance. - La
figure 4 illustre le circuit de détection de passage par zéro de l'alimentation du secteur électrique. - La
figure 5 illustre le circuit de commutation alimenté par une tension alternative du réseau électrique. - La
figure 6 illustre le circuit de commutation alimenté par une tension DC double alternance. - La
figure 7 illustre le circuit de <bleeder> actif alimenté par une tension alternative du réseau électrique. - La
figure 8 illustre le circuit de <bleeder> actif alimenté par une tension DC double alternance. - La
figure 9 illustre le circuit de protection contre les surcharges. - La
figure 10 illustre le circuit de détection de court-circuit au démarrage. - La
figure 11 illustre le circuit de rétroaction optique pour stabiliser l'intensité lumineuse. - La
figure 12 illustre le mode de contrôle de type « trailing edge ». - La
figure 13 illustre le mode de contrôle de type « leading edge ». - La
figure 14 illustre le mode de contrôle de type bande centrale. - La
figure 15 illustre le mode de contrôle de type bande décentrée. - La
figure 16 illustre le mode de contrôle de type peigne. - La
figure 17 illustre le mode de contrôle de type double bande. - La
figure 18 illustre le mode de contrôle de type avance de charge
- The
figure 1 illustrates the summary of the invention. - The
figure 2 illustrates the block diagram of the electronic circuit supplied by an alternating voltage from the electrical network. - The
figure 3 illustrates the block diagram of the electronic circuit supplied by a full-wave DC voltage. - The
figure 4 illustrates the circuit for detecting the zero crossing of the mains power supply. - The
figure 5 illustrates the switching circuit supplied by an alternating voltage from the electrical network. - The
figure 6 illustrates the switching circuit supplied by a full-wave DC voltage. - The
figure 7 illustrates the active <bleeder> circuit supplied by an alternating voltage from the electrical network. - The
figure 8 illustrates the active <bleeder> circuit powered by a full-wave DC voltage. - The
figure 9 illustrates the overload protection circuit. - The
figure 10 illustrates the short circuit detection circuit on startup. - The
figure 11 illustrates the optical feedback circuit to stabilize light intensity. - The
figure 12 illustrates the “trailing edge” type control mode. - The
figure 13 illustrates the “leading edge” type control mode. - The
figure 14 illustrates the center strip type control mode. - The
figure 15 illustrates the off-center tape type control mode. - The
figure 16 illustrates the comb-type control mode. - The
figure 17 illustrates the dual band type control mode. - The
figure 18 illustrates the load advance type control mode
Une nouvelle méthode et un système pour gradateur de lumière sans scintillement sur un réseau d'alimentation alternatif seront décrits ci-après. Même si l'invention sera décrite en prenant pour exemple une ou plusieurs incarnations préférées, il est important de comprendre que ces incarnations préférées sont utilisées afin d'illustrer l'invention et non afin d'en limiter la portée.A new method and system for a flicker-free light dimmer on an AC power supply network will be described below. Even though the invention will be described by taking as an example one or more preferred embodiments, it is important to understand that these preferred embodiments are used in order to illustrate the invention and not in order to limit its scope.
En référence à la
En se référant maintenant aux
En se référant maintenant à la
En se référant maintenant à la
Le « bleeder » actif 9 vise généralement à absorber une partie de l'énergie résiduelle restaurée par l'inductance de câblage des lampes à DEL qui s'emmagasine dans le « snubber » 8 et l'énergie résiduelle provenant aussi des autres composants électroniques sur la ligne. Cette absorption permet typiquement une coupure plus franche de chaque cycle d'activation de l'interrupteur 6 et permet généralement d'éviter que cette énergie soit consommée par les lampes. Une ou des coupures franches durant chaque cycle du réseau vise à bien contrôler les lampes à DEL qui possèdent des circuits de détections temporelles de front d'onde à titre de signaux de commande en mode « dimmer ».The active “bleeder” 9 generally aims to absorb part of the residual energy restored by the wiring inductance of the LED lamps which is stored in the “snubber” 8 and the residual energy also coming from the other electronic components on it. line. This absorption typically allows a cleaner cut-off of each activation cycle of the
En se référant maintenant à la
En se référant aux
Un circuit de protection contre les courts-circuits au démarrage 13 permet généralement d'éviter une surcharge sur les composantes électrique et électronique en cas de mauvais branchement de l'utilisateur. Une incarnation préférée d'un circuit de protection 13 est illustrée à la
La détection du passage par zéro de l'alimentation électrique 10 se fait avec un détecteur de niveau ayant une discrimination franche et précise de la tension réseau. Une incarnation du circuit de détection de passage par zéro 10 est illustrée à la
Dans des incarnations où le système comprend deux sorties et plus, l'activation des interrupteurs 6 peut être déphasée de quelques microsecondes afin de viser à réduire la demande d'énergie instantanée provenant du réseau électrique et ainsi réduire la baisse de tension d'alimentation qui peut influencer le comportement de la charge 4.In embodiments where the system comprises two or more outputs, the activation of the
Dans d'autre incarnations de l'invention, des configurations permettent d'éliminer le scintillement des lampes à DEL due aux fluctuations de l'alimentation du réseau électrique en redressant l'alimentation électrique pour l'emmagasiner dans des banques de condensateurs afin de la restituée de façon contrôlée vers les lampes.In other embodiments of the invention, configurations eliminate flicker from LED lamps due to fluctuations in the power grid supply by rectifying the power supply for storage in capacitor banks for storage. returned in a controlled manner to the lamps.
La restitution électrique peut alors prendre différentes formes dont par exemple, une tension constante, une forme sinusoïdale dont l'amplitude crête et la fréquence sont contrôlées, une modulation trapézoïdale qui permet une meilleure constante de l'intensité que la forme sinusoïdale tout en maintenant des transitions lentes qui réduisent les émissions conduites et les radiations électromagnétiques.The electrical restitution can then take different forms including, for example, a constant voltage, a sinusoidal form of which the peak amplitude and the frequency are controlled, a trapezoidal modulation which allows a better constant of the intensity than the sinusoidal form while maintaining slow transitions which reduce conducted emissions and electromagnetic radiation.
Le circuit de restitution proposé est constitué d'un modulateur ON/OFF dont le cycle utile (PWM) varie de façon temporelle toutes au long de la période cyclique. Cette forme d'onde est ensuite filtrée à l'aide d'un filtre passe bas passif ou actif afin de conserver la composante continue. La variation du cycle utile module l'amplitude de la composante continue pour former une onde cyclique complexe qui est transmisse au circuit des lampes à DEL.The proposed restitution circuit consists of an ON / OFF modulator whose useful cycle (PWM) varies in time all along the cyclic period. This waveform is then filtered using a passive or active low-pass filter in order to retain the DC component. The variation of the duty cycle modulates the amplitude of the DC component to form a complex cyclic wave which is transmitted to the circuit of the LED lamps.
En se référant maintenant à la
La méthode de contrôle consiste généralement à positionner l'instant d'activation de l'interrupteur électronique 6 lorsque la tension alternative atteint une amplitude prédéterminée dans le modus operandi de l'appareil. La quantité d'énergie transmise à l'appareil 4 est généralement déterminée par la durée de l'activation de l'interrupteur électronique 6. En se référant à la
Dans des incarnations où la lampe est composée de multiples segments de DEL en parallèle, l'algorithme de contrôle peut permettre de multiples cycles afin de commuter chaque segment dans la zone de conduction des DEL. Comme illustré à la
Dans des incarnations typiques d'une lampe à DEL fabriquée avec une réactance capacitive élevée en entrée, l'algorithme de contrôle peut permettre une charge progressive de la réactance capacitive d'entrée de la lampe à l'aide d'un front montant progressif qui limite l'appel du courant de charge durant le temps de montée de la tension. En se référant maintenant à la
Typiquement, la méthode permet de réaliser, sans s'y limiter, l'ensemble des formes présentées en utilisant des modes préprogrammés afin de produire la forme d'onde adapté au circuit de la lampe et à la topologie de l'installation.Typically, the method makes it possible to achieve, without being limited thereto, all of the shapes presented using preprogrammed modes in order to produce the waveform adapted to the circuit of the lamp and to the topology of the installation.
En plus des modes de contrôle définies précédemment, la méthode permet de définir n'importe quelle forme d'onde particulière constituée à partir de la tension du secteur électrique.In addition to the control modes defined previously, the method makes it possible to define any particular waveform made up from the voltage of the electric mains.
Bien qu'elle ait été décrite à l'aide d'une ou plusieurs incarnations préférées, il faut bien comprendre que la présente invention peut être utilisée, employée et/ou incarnée dans une multitude d'autres formes. Ainsi, les revendications qui suivent doivent être interprétées de façon à inclure ces différentes formes tout en restant à l'extérieur des limites fixées par l'art antérieur.Although it has been described using one or more preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention can be used, employed and / or embodied in a multitude of other forms. Thus, the claims which follow must be interpreted so as to include these different forms while remaining outside the limits fixed by the prior art.
Claims (25)
- A control method for adjusting the light intensity without flickering of one or more lamps (4), the one or more lamps (4) being supplied by an AC electrical distribution network (1), each of the lamps (4) including one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and a device (2) allowing the variation of the light intensity of the LEDs according to the electrical supply , characterized in that the method comprises the execution of a sequence at each ½ cycle of the electric supply, the sequence comprising:interrupting the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) one or more times per cycle;activating the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) one or more times per cycle, wherein the duration of an activation is a conduction period; andapplying a load configured to absorb residual energy applied to the supply of the of the one or more lamps (4) following one or more electrical supply interruptions.
- The control method of claim 1, the sequence further comprising a step for pre-loading energy in the one or more lamps (4) before activating the one or more lamps (4).
- The control method of claim 1, the sequence further comprising delaying the absorption of residual energy following the one or more electrical supply interruptions.
- The control method of claim 1 further comprising:storing the energy from the electrical supply; andrestituting the stored energy to the one or more lamps (4).
- The control method of claim 4, wherein the restitution of the stored energy to the one or more lamps (4) is in the form of a sinusoidal wave.
- The control method of claim 4, wherein the restitution of the stored energy to the one or more lamps (4) is in the form of a trapezoidal wave.
- The control method of claim 4, wherein the restitution of the stored energy to the one or more lamps (4) is in the form of a complex time-varying cyclic wave.
- The control method of any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:measuring the surrounding light intensity; andin accordance with the measured surrounding light intensity, controlling the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) to obtain a predetermined light intensity.
- The control method of any one of claims 1 to 8, the sequence further comprising for each half-cycle of the electrical supply starting when the voltage of the electrical supply is zero:activating the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) to adjust the conduction period at the peak of the voltage of the electrical network,wherein the conduction period duration is a function of the desired light intensity.
- The control method of any one of claims 1 to 8, the sequence further comprising for each half-cycle of the electrical supply starting when the voltage of the supply is zero:interrupting the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) until the voltage of the electrical network reaches a voltage at least equal to a minimum activation threshold of the one or more lamps (4); andactivating the electrical supply until the conduction period duration allows the desired light intensity to be reached.
- The control method of claim 10, wherein in the case where the activation of the electrical supply does not allow the conduction period to reach the desired light intensity before the end of a cycle, the sequence comprises activating the electrical supply before the voltage is at least equal to the minimum activation threshold of the one or more lamps (4) until the end of the cycle.
- The control method of any one of claims 1 to 8, the sequence further comprising for each half-cycle of the electrical supply starting when the voltage of the supply is zero:
activating and then interrupting the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) several times in order to subdivide the half-cycle of the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) into several on and off conduction periods according to a ratio, the ratio being the conduction time divided by the non-conduction time, the multiplication of the ratio by the supply voltage defining an intermediate voltage for achieving a desired light intensity. - The control method of any one of claims 1 to 8, the sequence further comprising for each half-cycle of the electrical supply starting when the voltage of the supply is zero:activating the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) until the voltage of the half-cycle is just below a minimum activation threshold of the one or more lamps (4);momentarily interrupting the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) until the moment when the voltage of the electrical network exceeds the activation threshold of the one or more lamps (4); andactivating the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) for a duration of the half-cycle corresponding to the desired average light intensity.
- The control method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein each lamp (4) comprises a plurality of segments of one or more LEDs, each segment being activated at a voltage threshold, the sequence comprising for each half-cycle of the electrical supply beginning when the supply voltage is zero:
interrupting the electrical supply until the half-cycle voltage exceeds the activation threshold of a first LED segment:activating the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) for a duration until the desired intensity of the first segment is reached; andrepeating the preceeding steps for all the other segments of the lamps (4). - The control method of any one of claims 1 to 14, the method further comprising for each half-cycle of the electrical supply beginning when the voltage is zero, dephasing the one or more activations of the electrical supply of the lamps (4) with respect to an instantaneous energy demand from another electrical component on the electrical power network.
- A control system (2) for adjusting the light intensity without flickering of one or more lamps (4), the one or more lamps (4) being supplied by an AC electrical distribution network, each of the lamps (4) including one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and a device allowing the variation of the light intensity of the LEDs according to the level of the electrical supply, the control system (2) comprising:at least one switch (6, 9e) connected to the one or more lamps (4);an active current bleeder circuit (9) connected to the one or more lamps (4) including a load (7d, 8d), the load (7d, 8d) allowing the absorption of residual energy present on the electrical supply of the one or more lamps (4) following one or more activation of the switch (6, 9e);a controller (11) configured to execute;closing the switch (6, 9e) one or more time per cycle of the electrical supply to the one or more lamps (4);opening the switch (6, 9e) one or more time per cycle of the electrical supply to the one or more lamps (4); andactivating the active bleeder circuit (9) following one or more openings of the switch (6, 9e).
- The system (2) of claim 16, further comprising closing the switch (6, 9e) when the supplied voltage is greater than the lighting threshold of the one or more lamps (4).
- The system (2) of claim 16 or 17, wherein the opening of the switch (6, 9e) is performed when the light intensity reaches a desired light intensity setpoint.
- The system (2) of any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the control system (2) further comprises a feedback circuit (14) for correcting the supply of the one or more lamps (4) according to the measured light intensity.
- The system (2) of claim 19, wherein the feedback circuit (14) further comprises a light intensity sensor (14) configured to convert the light emitted by the one or more lamps (4) into a value proportional to the light intensity.
- The system (2) of any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein the system (2) further comprises a current limiting circuit (12), the current limiting circuit (12) being configured to measure the power supplied to the one or more lamps (4) and to open the at least one switch (6, 9e) when the measured electrical power exceeds the electrical capacity of the system (2).
- The system (2) of any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein the system further comprises one or more capacitors (4c, 9d) configured to store energy and restore it in a controlled manner to the lamps (4).
- The system (2) of claim 22, wherein the system (2) restitutes the energy stored in the one or more capacitors (4c, 9d) in the form of a sinusoidal wave.
- The system (2) of claim 22, wherein the system (2) restitutes the energy stored in the one or more capacitors (4c, 9d) in the form of a trapezoidal wave.
- The system (2) of claim 22, wherein the system (2) restitutes the energy stored in the one or more capacitors (4c, 9d) in the form a complex time-varying cyclic wave.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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CA2950054A CA2950054A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Method and system for light dimmer without flickering on an alternative supply network |
PCT/CA2017/051444 WO2018098583A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Method and system for a flicker-free light dimmer in an electricity distribution network |
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EP3549404A4 EP3549404A4 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
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-
2017
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- 2017-11-30 CA CA3114573A patent/CA3114573A1/en active Pending
- 2017-11-30 WO PCT/CA2017/051444 patent/WO2018098583A1/en active Search and Examination
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CA2950054A1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
CA3045546C (en) | 2021-05-11 |
US11723125B2 (en) | 2023-08-08 |
US20200008278A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
CA3114573A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
EP3549404A1 (en) | 2019-10-09 |
WO2018098583A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
CA3045546A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
EP3549404A4 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
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