Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
  • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
  • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
  • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
  • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
  • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
  • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
  • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
  • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
  • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
  • H02K9/14—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
  • H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
  • H02K9/227—Heat sinks

Definitions

• the field of the present invention is that of electrical machines, preferably rotating, such as generators or motors. More particularly, these electrical machines are intended to be installed on vehicles, especially automobiles, such as road vehicles or trains. These electrical machines are for example used to set the vehicle in motion.
• Rotating electrical machines such as generators or motors comprise a stator and a rotor. Coils forming coils are mounted on the stator and, for example, permanent magnets are attached to the rotor.
• the rotor is rotatable by means of a shaft. When the electric machine is a generator, the rotational movement of the rotor facing the stator coils can generate electrical energy and when the electric machine is a motor, rotating the rotor through the coils generates mechanical energy.
• the first part delimits at least one internal chamber and comprises at least one means for placing in communication a medium surrounding the sleeve and the internal chamber.
• the invention allows both to create a fluid passage between the sleeve and the shaft of the electric machine so as to cool an inner portion of the sleeve, and correlatively an internal volume of the shaft of the electric machine.
• the passage of the fluid allows convection cooling of the sleeve and the shaft of the electrical machine to which it is connected.
• the communication means allow to create a passage for the cooling fluid, so as to allow a circulation of cooling fluid between the surrounding environment of the sleeve located outside thereof and the internal chamber of the muff.
• the first part comprises a plurality of torque transfer walls delimiting the internal chamber, of which at least two adjacent torque transfer walls are separated by at least one means of communication.
• the torque transfer walls ensure the transmission of the force while delimiting the internal chamber.
• the communication means is at least one notch.
• At least one torque transfer wall comprises a shoulder configured to form a longitudinal abutment with respect to the shaft.
• the shoulder is provided on an inner face of the torque transfer wall.
• the inner face being the face of the sleeve located in or facing the inner chamber.
• the inner face is the face of the sleeve being located closest to the axis of rotation of the sleeve.
• At least one torque transfer wall extends longitudinally along an axis of rotation of the sleeve and from a base of the sleeve.
• the torque transfer walls are regularly distributed angularly about an axis of rotation of the sleeve, an angular sector for a number N of torque transfer walls being equal to 360 / N. For example, if the sleeve includes four transfer walls torque, the angular sector is equal to 90 degrees, so each torque transfer wall is arranged every 90 degrees.
• the second part takes the form of a journal extending along an axis of rotation of the sleeve adapted to receive a rotation bearing of the electric machine.
• the sleeve is made of steel. Thus, the sleeve can transfer the torque and support the rotational bearings while being lightened by the presence of the communication means.
• the at least one communication means opens radially from the first portion relative to an axis of rotation of the sleeve.
• the communication means takes the form of a radial notch extending in an angular sector around the axis of rotation of the sleeve.
• the invention also relates to a hollow shaft for an electric machine comprising:
• a central portion configured to receive a rotor of the electric machine
• At least one end portion configured to cooperate with at least one sleeve, characterized in that at least one end portion comprises on an outer periphery at least one groove for cooperating with the sleeve.
• the shaft comprises at least one longitudinal rib extending inside the internal volume and parallel to an axis of rotation of the shaft.
• the shaft is made of aluminum.
• the aluminum hollow shaft has good heat transfer properties and offers ease of manufacture, especially for extrusion manufacturing.
• the invention also relates to an assembly for an electric machine, characterized in that it comprises at least one sleeve as defined above and a hollow shaft such as than previously defined and whose internal volume is in communication with the internal chamber of the sleeve.
• the groove of the shaft cooperates with a contact portion of the torque transfer wall of the sleeve.
• four grooves on the outer periphery of the shaft cooperate with four torque transfer walls of the sleeve.
• the cooperation of throats and torque transfer walls is understood as an assembly.
• the torque transfer walls of the sleeve are assembled with the grooves of the shaft by crimping, brazing, pressing or gluing.
• the contact portion of the torque transfer wall is housed in the groove.
• An outer face of at least one torque transfer wall of the sleeve is flush with an outer surface of the shaft.
• the outer face is the face of the sleeve located in the surrounding environment of the sleeve. In other words, the outer face is the face of the sleeve furthest from the axis of rotation of the sleeve.
• the outer surface is the surface of the tree located in the surrounding environment of the tree. In other words, the outer surface is the surface of the shaft farthest from the axis of rotation of the shaft.
• the axis of rotation of the sleeve and the axis of rotation of the shaft are here combined. Thus, once assembled, the assembly does not present external asperities at their joint junction.
• An inner face of at least one torque transfer wall of the sleeve is flush with an inner surface of the shaft.
• the inner face is the face of the sleeve located in the inner chamber. In other words, the inner face is the face of the sleeve being located closest to the axis of rotation of the sleeve.
• the inner surface is the surface of the tree located in the internal volume of the tree. In other words, the inner surface is the surface of the shaft closest to the axis of rotation of the shaft.
• the invention also relates to an electric machine characterized in that it comprises at least one sleeve as defined above or a tree as defined above or an assembly as previously defined. According to one embodiment, the electric machine is cooled by a cooling fluid passing at least by the means of communication of the sleeve.
• FIG. 1 is a side view of a sleeve according to the present invention
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the sleeve according to the present invention
• FIG. 3 is a front view of the sleeve according to the present invention.
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an assembly according to the present invention comprising a shaft cooperating with two sleeves of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 4;
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a hollow shaft according to the present invention.
• FIG. 7 is a partial section of an electric machine according to the invention equipped with the assembly of Figure 4.
• the relative notions such as “internal” or “external” are defined with respect to an axis of rotation R.
• the axis of rotation R is defined as the axis around which the sleeve and the shaft rotate. .
• the notion of "internal” according to this reference means that the element considered is located or is directed radially towards the inside of the sleeve and / or the shaft, while approaching the axis of rotation R, whereas the notion of "external” according to this reference means that the element considered is located or is directed radially outwardly of the sleeve and / or the shaft, away from the axis of rotation R.
• a longitudinal axis is defined as the axis in which the sleeve and / or the shaft extends in its length, the longitudinal axis and the axis of rotation R then being merged.
• Figure 1 shows a sleeve 1 comprising a first portion 3 configured to cooperate with an electric machine shaft and a second portion 5 configured to cooperate with a rotational bearing of the electric machine.
• a base 9 is formed between the first part 3 and the second part 5 and connects them, the base forming part of the first part 3 and / or the second part 5.
• the sleeve 1 comprising the first part 3, the base 9 and the second part 5 are monobloc, preferably from the same material.
• the first part 3 of the sleeve 1 comprises torque transfer walls 8.
• the torque transfer walls 8 are separated from each other by communication means 6.
• the communication connection means 6 are example notches, a notch corresponding to a notch, that is to say a removal of material of a portion of the sleeve 1 resulting from a molding or machining.
• two adjacent torque transfer walls 8, that is to say each located in the immediate vicinity of one another, are separated by a single notch 6a.
• each communication means 6 open radially relative to the axis of rotation R of the sleeve 1. More particularly, each communication means 6 is delimited by an angular sector originating on the axis of rotation R of the sleeve 1. and being delimited by two straight lines radial to the axis of rotation R of the sleeve 1.
• the first part 3 extends over a length less than a length of the second part 5.
• the second part 5 may be shorter than the first part 3 in order to to ensure a connection with a bearing or a rotational bearing or be longer than the first part 3 to provide a mechanical connection with a gearbox, for example.
• the outer diameter of the base 9 is identical to the outer diameter of a circle in which the transfer walls 8 are inscribed.
• the diameter of the second portion 5 is smaller than the diameter of the first portion 3.
• An outer face of the second part is an area capable of carrying a rotation means, such as a bearing as evoked below.
• the communication means 6, in particular in the form of a notch, extends longitudinally, forming here a cut-out in a ring which forms the first part 3.
• FIG. 2 shows that all of the torque transfer walls 8, here four in number, delimit an internal chamber 4.
• the internal chamber 4 communicates with the surrounding medium of the sleeve 1 via the means of setting in communication 6.
• four notches 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d make it possible to create four passages for a cooling fluid between the surrounding medium of the sleeve 1 and the internal chamber 4.
• These cooling fluid passages allow to convection cooling the sleeve 1 and the shaft of the electrical machine to which the sleeve is connected.
• the communication means 6 may take any other form than notches while allowing a circulation of the cooling fluid between the surrounding environment of the sleeve 1 and the internal chamber 4.
• each wall transfer of torque 8 has an outer face 80 coincides with at least a portion of an outer face 90 of the base 9.
• the torque transfer walls 8 are located at the outer periphery of the base 9 and the outer faces 80 of the torque transfer walls 8 are flush with the perimeter of the base 9.
• the outer faces 80, 90 of the torque transfer walls 8 and the base 9 are the faces located in the surrounding environment of the sleeve 1. Otherwise said, the outer faces 80, 90 of the torque transfer walls 8 and the base 9 are the faces furthest from the axis of rotation R of the sleeve 1.
• Each torque transfer wall 8 extends longitudinally along the axis of rotation R of the sleeve 1 from the base 9 of the sleeve 1, opposite to the second portion 5 with respect to the base 9.
• base 9 being of cylindrical shape
• the torque transfer walls 8 are distributed angularly around the axis of rotation R, for example in a regular manner.
• the angular distribution or angular sector for a number N of torque transfer walls 8 corresponds to 360 / N.
• each torque transfer wall 8 is disposed every 90 degrees of the base 9 around the axis of rotation R.
• the torque transfer walls 8 extend peripherally on the base 9 in a circular curvature C rotating around the axis of rotation R.
• the circular curvature C here follows the outer perimeter of the base 9.
• each torque transfer wall 8 comprises at least one shoulder 82 forming a longitudinal stop against which the shaft of the electric machine is supported.
• This shoulder 82 is formed on an internal face 84 of the torque transfer wall 8.
• the inner face 84 is here the face of the torque transfer wall 8 which delimits the internal chamber 4.
• the inner face 84 is the face of the wall of torque transfer 8 being located closer to the axis of rotation R of the sleeve 1.
• Such a shoulder 82 is formed by a reduction in the thickness of the torque transfer wall 8, at its free end, of so as to form a bottom wall 83 against which the shaft is able to come into abutment, this bottom wall 83 being an embodiment of the longitudinal stop.
• Such a shoulder 82 has a curved shape and is bordered by a curved face of a torque transfer wall 8.
• This curved face is intended to come into contact with the shaft and extends peripherally along the wall
• This curved face forms a contact portion 85 intended to cooperate with the shaft.
• This contact portion 85 extends from a free end of the torque transfer wall 8 to the bottom wall 83.
• the second portion 5 of the sleeve 1 takes the form of a journal 50 which extends from the base 9 along the axis of rotation R of the sleeve 1 and in a direction opposite to the walls
• This trunnion 50 is configured to cooperate with a rotation bearing of the electric machine.
• the sleeve 1 provides the mechanical connection between the shaft of an electric machine and the rotation bearing of the electric machine.
• the second part 5, here taking the form of a pin 50 is full. By this is meant that the second part 5 is not hollow, that it does not include an orifice or a chamber. This makes it possible to mechanically strengthen the sleeve 1.
• the sleeve 1 is for example made of metal.
• the sleeve 1 is made of steel.
• the steel forms a good compromise to allow both the sleeve 1 to transfer the torque, to support the rotational bearings and to be hollowed out to allow the flow of cooling fluid from its external environment to the internal chamber 4 through the means of setting in communication 6, and vice versa.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 show an assembly 10 for an electrical machine comprising a shaft 2 on which two sleeves 1 are mounted, in particular at each longitudinal end of this shaft 2.
• the external faces 80, 90 respectively of the transfer walls torque 8 and the base 9 of the sleeve 1 are flush with an outer surface 20 of the shaft 2.
• the assembly 10 does not have external asperities.
• the inner faces 84 of the torque transfer walls 8 of the sleeve 1 are flush with an internal surface 21 of the shaft 2.
• four grooves 23 (visible in FIG. on the outer periphery of the shaft 2 each cooperate with the four torque transfer walls 8 of the sleeve 1, more precisely with the contact portion 85 of the torque transfer walls 8 formed by the curved face which borders the shoulder 82
• the co-operation of the grooves 23 and the contact portions 85 form an assembly connecting the sleeve 1 to the shaft 2.
• the contact portions 85 of the sleeve 1 are assembled with the grooves 23 of the shaft 2 by crimping, soldering, pressing or gluing.
• the contact portion 85 of the torque transfer wall 8 is housed in the groove 23.
• the bottom wall 83 of the shoulder 82 is in abutment against an end wall 25 of the shaft 2, as is apparent from FIG. 5. It is thus generated a longitudinal position of the sleeve 1 with respect to the shaft 2, in the form of a longitudinal stop.
• an abutment can intervene by a support between an end face 15 of the sleeve 1 and a flank 27 which delimits the groove 23 in a radial plane, as can be seen in FIG. 6.
• the shaft 2 is hollow and comprises an internal volume 28 allowing the passage for the cooling fluid from the inner chamber 4 of the first sleeve 1 to another internal chamber 4 of the second sleeve 1.
• the shaft 2, visible in Figure 6, comprises a central portion 22 configured to receive an electric machine rotor and end portions 24 on which the sleeves 1 can be mounted to form the assembly 10.
• the portions of ends 24 comprise on an outer periphery the grooves 23 intended to cooperate with the sleeve 1. More specifically, the grooves 23 have a shape complementary to the contact portions 85 and open on the end wall 25 of the shaft 2. This wall end 25 extends in a radial plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation R.
• the grooves 23 extend longitudinally along the axis of rotation R.
• the length of the grooves 23 corresponds substantially to the length of the contact portions 85 of the sleeve 1.
• the circular end wall here has a diameter identical to a diameter of the base 9.
• the grooves 23 extend peripherally in a curvature similar to the circular curvature C, around the axis of rotation R, the curvature C in this case the perimeter of the end wall 25.
• the width of the grooves 23 corresponds substantially to the width of the contact portions 85 of the sleeve 1.
• the shaft 2 comprises in its internal volume 28 ribs 26 which extend therein. These ribs 26 extend longitudinally parallel to the axis of rotation R of the shaft 2, between each of the longitudinal ends of the shaft 2. These ribs 26 also extend radially about the axis of rotation R These ribs 26 increase the contact surface between the inner wall of the shaft 2 and the cooling fluid circulating in the internal volume 28. They therefore act as heat sinks and thus participate in a complementary manner to the cooling of the electric machine. .
• the shaft is made of a metallic material.
• the shaft 2 is preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
• aluminum in addition to having good heat transfer properties, provides ease of manufacture of the shaft 2, in particular for extrusion manufacturing.
• the cooling fluid which circulates in the passages formed by the communication means 6 of the sleeve 1, and then by the hollow shaft 2, may just as well be a liquid as a gas.
• FIG. 7 shows an electric machine 100 comprising the assembly 10.
• the electric machine 100 comprises, in addition to the two sleeves 1 and the shaft 2, a rotor 101 which can be rotated by the shaft 2, as well as a stator 102.
• An air gap 103 exists between the stator 102 and the rotor 101 forming a second cooling fluid passage for cooling the electric machine 100.
• the stator 102 is formed by a stack of laminations on which windings are mounted forming a plurality of coils (not shown here).
• the coils have coil heads and each coil head protrudes longitudinally from the stack of the stator laminations 102, along the axis of rotation R of the sleeve 1.
• Each stator plate 102 may optionally comprise at least one fin of cooling 104 from its outer periphery and thus allowing cooling of the outer face of the stator 102, especially when the electric machine 100 comprises a third cooling fluid passage for cooling.
• the electric machine 100 may comprise at least one flange 105 disposed at a longitudinal end of the stator 102.
• the electric machine 100 comprises two flanges 105 each disposed at a longitudinal end of the stator 102.
• Each flange 105 maintains the shaft 2 rotating the rotor 101 via the sleeve 1 and the rotational bearing 106, the latter may for example be a ball bearing.
• the electrical machine 100 further comprises a liner 107 covering the flanges 105 and the stator 102.
• the overlap is along the axis of rotation R of the rotor 1, in which the electric machine 100 also extends.
• the liner 107 is also not pressed against the cooling fins 104 of the stator 102. This contributes to the third passage of cooling fluid, in particular by allowing a circulation of the latter between the cooling fins 104 and the liner 107.
• a propeller 108 may be placed at a longitudinal end of the electric machine 100.
• the propeller 108 When the electric machine 100 comprises two flanges 105, the propeller 108 is positioned against one of these two flanges 108 and can be rotated through the journal 50 of the sleeve 1.
• the flange 105 for receiving the propeller 108 comprises spacers defining peripherally and transversely to the rotation axis R of the openings allowing the circulation of the air flow in the electrical machine 100.
• the opposite flange 105 can itself t be open in order to allow an air outlet to the outside of the electrical machine 100, or be closed in order to generate a flow of U-shaped fluid, for example a flow of air, in the electric machine 100.
• a closed flange In the case of a closed flange, it comprises peripheral openings for the circulation of the U-shaped air flow, thus allowing the air to form a loop loop inside the electrical machine 100 and then out the side where is located the propeller 108, in particular by the impulse thereof.
• the helix may be configured to be rotated by an electric actuator independent of the electric machine.
• independent means that the electric actuator is mechanically independent of the electric machine.
• the electric actuator of the propeller 108 is fixed on the flange 105 of the electric machine 100, in particular by being placed between the flange 105 and the propeller 108.
• a flow of air flows in the electric machine 100 in a first direction, that is to say in a direction where the air is moving away from the propeller 108 and towards the inside of the machine. electric machine 100.
• This air flow circulates, for example, in the first fluid passages formed through the sleeves 1 via the communication means 6, thereby cooling the sleeve 1 by passing through the internal chamber 4 and then through the tree 2 of the electric machine 100 circulating in the internal volume 28, for example along the longitudinal ribs 26.
• This air flow then flows into the inner chamber 4 of the opposite sleeve 1 and can then flow into the air gap 103 situated between the rotor 101 and the stator 102 or take the third fluid passage located between the sleeve 107 and the stator 102, the third passage in which the fins 104 of the stator 102 extend.
• the flow of air can exit directly from the electrical machine following a so-called "I" circulation parallel to the axis of rotation R of the rotor 101 of the machine 100.
• the air flow can be entering the electrical machine 100 while circulating along the outer face of the stator 102, then return to the propeller 108 through the sleeves 1 and the shaft 2.
• the invention described according to its various embodiments thus makes it possible to derive an important performance from an electric propulsion machine of a vehicle, in particular an automobile, while maintaining a limited space requirement which makes it possible to dispose the electric machine on the vehicle and to limit its weight. At the same size or weight, the performance of the electric machine is increased because its cooling is reinforced.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
• Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=57860971

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2016
  • 2016-09-21 FR FR1658872A patent/FR3056356B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2017
  • 2017-09-06 EP EP17768849.6A patent/EP3516755A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-09-06 CN CN201780058362.8A patent/CN109937519A/zh active Pending
  • 2017-09-06 US US16/334,292 patent/US10978930B2/en active Active
  • 2017-09-06 WO PCT/FR2017/052358 patent/WO2018055253A1/fr unknown
  • 2017-09-06 JP JP2019536706A patent/JP2019533422A/ja active Pending

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