EP3508393B1 - Connecting device for connecting a base element to a support, system, a method of assembly and use - Google Patents

Connecting device for connecting a base element to a support, system, a method of assembly and use Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3508393B1
EP3508393B1 EP18214795.9A EP18214795A EP3508393B1 EP 3508393 B1 EP3508393 B1 EP 3508393B1 EP 18214795 A EP18214795 A EP 18214795A EP 3508393 B1 EP3508393 B1 EP 3508393B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
receiving element
latching
connecting device
support
Prior art date
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Application number
EP18214795.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3508393A1 (en
Inventor
Karol Dydo
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Alstom Transportation Germany GmbH
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Bombardier Transportation GmbH
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Publication of EP3508393A1 publication Critical patent/EP3508393A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/10—Floors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a connection device for connecting a floor element to a carrier, comprising a latching element with a latching projection and a receiving element with a receptacle for at least partially positively receiving the latching projection.
  • the present invention relates to a system comprising a floor element and a carrier, as well as an assembly method for connecting a floor element to a carrier.
  • the invention relates to the use of a connection device according to the invention.
  • connection device for connecting a floor element to a carrier.
  • a main function of a floor structure consisting of floor elements and connecting devices, in particular in rail vehicles, is to enable the passenger to stand securely and move safely within the passenger compartment.
  • the floor structure must ensure that the loads occurring during driving are dissipated into the car body structure and at the same time the passenger compartment is insulated with regard to acoustic and thermal disturbances.
  • a floor element typically comprises at least one floor panel. Insulating materials for thermal and acoustic decoupling of the passenger compartment are placed between the floor panels and the car body. A floor covering can be subsequently applied to the installed floor panels.
  • the connection devices therefore establish the connection between the car body, in particular the beams of the car body, and the floor, in particular the floor panels.
  • the connection devices in particular are of particularly great importance when realizing the requirements mentioned above.
  • connection device must be designed to be sufficiently mechanically resilient and enable precise fine adjustment of the floor elements so that the floor is sufficiently flat in terms of passenger safety and easy cleaning and, in particular, has no gaps or edges between the floor elements.
  • connection device should realize the highest possible decoupling of the vibrations between the car body and the floor in order to achieve a high level of comfort for the passengers.
  • cost- and time-saving assembly it must be possible to lay a floor with as little assembly effort as possible and at the same time a short assembly time.
  • connection devices must not cause the floor to build up too high due to their overall height, so that the passenger compartment is as large as possible on the one hand and, on the other hand, barrier-free entry at a platform edge is made possible, for example.
  • connection devices which are installed in a correspondingly high number, should not be too heavy in order to enable the most energy-efficient operation of vehicles.
  • connection device which allows tolerance compensation and an exchange of individual floor elements.
  • a floor element is screwed to a slot nut, which is inserted in a slot strip, by means of a cover element that is attached to the upper side of the floor element.
  • this connection device has the disadvantage that a screw connection through the floor covering is necessary, which on the one hand leads to a longer assembly time and on the other hand does not allow a continuous, level floor covering.
  • tolerance compensation in a connection device for a floor can be achieved by inserting spacers separate from the connection element between a connection element glued to the underside of a floor element and the carrier. Due to the structural deviations occurring in the floor area during shell construction, the Height tolerances differ from support point to support point of the floor slab, so that an individual compensation is only possible if the spacers are dimensioned and manufactured accordingly. This means a lot of time. In addition, these deviations are usually only detected during assembly, so that the assembly time increases significantly in some cases. In addition, the intended adhesive connection with the resulting drying times increases the assembly time significantly. It is also no longer possible to change the tolerance compensation afterwards.
  • connection devices In addition to the increased installation effort with less flexible tolerance compensation, these known connection devices also have the disadvantage that vibrations can be transmitted from the carrier to the floor element.
  • connection device of DD 288 130 additionally includes vibration-damping molded pieces, but this at the expense of a greatly increased overall height, so that the usable space in a vehicle cabin is reduced.
  • shims to compensate for tolerances means that any adjustment that may be necessary cannot be carried out with sufficient reliability and precision, or a correspondingly large number of shims have to be manufactured and kept available individually, resulting in increased production costs and time during assembly.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular of providing a connection device, a system, a use and an assembly method for connecting a floor element to a carrier at least partially eliminate or reduce the disadvantages of the prior art, that is to say, in particular with the shortest possible assembly time, to enable high mechanical stability and a high level of comfort (in terms of possible tolerance compensation and the vibration damping behavior).
  • connection device for connecting a floor element to a support, comprising a latching element with a latching projection and a receiving element with a receptacle for at least partially positively receiving the latching projection, in that the receiving element has a vibration damper for Having reduction in the transmission of vibrations to the floor element, and that the receiving element is designed for leveling height deviations and for leveling height deviations comprises a continuously adjustable leveling mechanism.
  • the receiving element according to the invention is itself designed for tolerance compensation or leveling, without making it necessary to exchange components, such as shims or washers for tolerance compensation.
  • components of this type can also be used, for example to compensate for very large height deviations.
  • the receiving element is already designed to level certain height deviations without having to replace a component.
  • the receiving element can be used to level height deviations in the millimeter range (e.g. of at least 5 mm) educated. This can be done in particular by means of a leveling mechanism, as will be described in more detail below.
  • connection between the latching element and the receiving element is at least a form-fit, for example only a form-fit, but the connection can optionally also be a non-positive (frictional) connection.
  • the latching projection can in particular be designed to extend radially and circumferentially on the latching element.
  • the receptacle has a geometry that corresponds in particular to the latching projection of the latching element for positively locking receptacle. It is conceivable that the latching element and/or the receiving element (at least in some areas) have a certain flexibility.
  • connection device that is to say in particular the latching element and the receiving element, are preferably designed to be essentially rotationally symmetrical, so that the orientation of the individual components during assembly is irrelevant.
  • the latching element is inserted or pushed into the receptacle of the receiving element, for example in an insertion direction (for example in the direction of gravity). For example, it is only necessary to insert or slide in one direction until the latching projection is received in the receptacle in a form-fitting manner.
  • the vibration damper reduces the transmission of vibrations, ie mechanical vibrations, and preferably also impacts and/or shocks, from the carrier to the floor element.
  • the vibration damper is preferably a passive component.
  • the vibration damper is designed for vibration damping due to its material properties.
  • the locking element can be fastened or fastened to the base element and the receiving element can be fastened or fastened to the carrier, with the positive recording of the locking projection in the recording a mechanical Connection between the floor element and the carrier can be produced or produced.
  • connection device the latching projection and the receptacle form a clip connection which is in particular detachable.
  • a clip connection is understood to mean, in particular, a connection in which an assembly resistance is overcome by means of a specific, required compressive force or assembly force (in the direction of insertion) and the locking element is brought into the receptacle, in particular without having to use a tool for this purpose.
  • connection of a floor element to a support as a clip connection enables a short assembly time. It was recognized that with a clip connection it is possible to achieve the necessary mechanical stability and the precise adjustment with a single connection device despite the low overall height.
  • the clip connection has the advantage that the outer area of the receiving element has little or no mechanical actuating surface for the mechanical connection between the carrier and the floor element and is instead available for other functions (for example setting a level).
  • the receiving element has a flexible material in the region of the receptacle for the latching projection, at least in sections, and is designed in such a way that the receiving element engages behind the latching projection for the positive connection after the latching element has been at least partially pushed into the receptacle of the receiving element.
  • the receiving element engages behind the locking projection by means of a circumferential overhang.
  • connection device according to the invention, the receptacle of the receiving element has an inner shape that is essentially complementary to the latching projection.
  • This special configuration of the connection device according to the invention achieves in particular a further stabilization of the connection and improves the transmission of force between the floor element and the carrier.
  • the vibration damper of the receiving element comprises a flexible element, in particular made of an elastomer (for example a rubber element), the flexible element preferably providing the accommodation of the receiving element. Due to the fact that the receiving element comprises a flexible element, in particular a rubber element, the overall height of the connection device according to the invention can be further reduced, with good vibration damping and power transmission being ensured at the same time. It is therefore not necessary to provide two separate components for vibration damping and for receiving the latching projection of the latching element. Rather, it was recognized that a flexible element can simultaneously serve as a vibration damper (or part thereof) and as a receptacle for the latching projection. In particular, the material rubber is used for this purpose, which can be used particularly advantageously here due to its physical properties.
  • the receiving element for leveling out height deviations comprises a Leveling mechanism, which preferably comprises a threaded connection.
  • a leveling mechanism is understood to mean a mechanism which, in particular, enables fine adjustment or tolerance compensation.
  • a bearing surface of a floor can rest on an upper edge of the receiving element, while an opposite side of the receiving element rests on a support surface.
  • the height of the receiving element can thus correspond to the distance between the floor and the carrier.
  • the height of the receiving element can be adjusted by the leveling mechanism.
  • the position of the upper edge of the receiving element in relation to a carrier surface on which the receiving element is arranged can be changed.
  • the leveling mechanism allows, through a (preferably mechanical) actuation, to level different height deviations.
  • the leveling mechanism can thus be placed in at least a first state (e.g. a fully retracted state) for leveling a first height deviation and a second state (e.g. a fully extended state) for leveling a second height deviation.
  • the leveling mechanism for leveling different height deviations can be adjusted steplessly (in particular between the first and the second state), which can be achieved in particular by the threaded connection.
  • the leveling mechanism preferably allows a height adjustment of at least 5 mm, preferably at least 8 mm. This means in particular that the (vertical) position of the upper edge of the receiving element in relation to a support surface can be adjusted by these values.
  • the threaded connection allows the adjusting body and the base body to be displaced relative to one another (in the vertical direction).
  • the threaded connection preferably has a fine thread (i.e. a thread with a smaller thread pitch than a standard thread), such as a metric fine thread in accordance with DIN 13-2 or ISO 261 or a Whitworth or US thread in the inch system in accordance with the UTF standard.
  • the receiving element comprises a base body and an adjusting body to form the leveling mechanism, the base body in particular having an external thread and the adjusting body having an internal thread to form a threaded connection of the leveling mechanism. Due to the leveling, the overall height of the receiving element can be continuously adjusted. This configuration of the leveling mechanism allows a particularly low overall height to be achieved.
  • the adjusting body is preferably accessible from the outside, so that the receiving element can be adjusted for leveling different height deviations. This is particularly advantageous with the realization of a clip connection that does not require any adjusting means or the like that are accessible from the outside to establish the connection.
  • the base body and/or the adjusting body and optionally a cover of the receiving element form a receiving area for the vibration damper.
  • a bearing bush also has the advantage that the movement space of the vibration damper can be predefined or restricted by the adjacent surfaces of the bearing bush. In this way, the damping or elastic deformation of the vibration damper can be essentially restricted to a vertical direction.
  • Base bodies, adjusting bodies and/or covers screwed together via threads can together form a form-fitting receiving area for the vibration damper, in which the vibration damper is received in a form-fitting manner.
  • the vibration damper can thus be held reliably without having to use adhesive connections. This simplifies one Disassembly and replacement of worn vibration dampers of the connection device.
  • the leveling mechanism can be integrated into the receiving element.
  • the leveling mechanism can preferably be arranged on the circumference of the receiving element in order to be able to transmit tilting moments more reliably.
  • a thread between the base body and the adjusting body can be used for leveling.
  • the thread between the base body and the adjusting body can also be used to limit the receiving area and for levelling.
  • the vibration damper preferably rests on a support surface provided by the adjusting body.
  • the vibration damper is preferably accommodated coaxially by the base body, adjusting body and/or cover. This means that in the case of the rotationally symmetrical design of the components, which is preferred in this respect, their axis of rotation coincides.
  • the latching element is made at least in sections from plastic or metal.
  • Plastic can be used to advantage here due to its flexibility and low price, while the use of metal can be advantageous especially if pre-assembled floor panels are to be reused or if the floor panels are expected to be removed and reassembled, for example for maintenance purposes.
  • the above-mentioned object is also achieved by a system comprising a floor element, a carrier and a connection device according to the invention, wherein the floor element can be connected or is connected to the carrier with the connection device.
  • a floor element here comprises, for example, at least one or consists of a floor panel.
  • connection devices can also be used on one floor element in order to enable optimum load transfer between the floor element and the carrier.
  • a single floor element can be connected to the carrier with one or more (for example at least two, three, four, five or more) connection devices.
  • One or more floor elements then form (possibly together with an additional floor covering) a floor, for example of a rail vehicle.
  • the locking element of the connection device is preferably attached or can be attached to the base element and the receiving element of the connection device to the carrier.
  • the floor element is a preassembled floor element, in particular a floor panel, with (at least) one latching element preferably being arranged on one side of the floor element and a floor covering being arranged on an opposite side of the floor element.
  • a latching element is arranged on one side (in the intended use, the underside, ie the side opposite the floor covering or facing away from the passenger compartment) of the floor panel.
  • the floor covering is arranged on the opposite side (when used as intended, the upper side, ie the side opposite the latching element or the side facing the passenger compartment).
  • a preassembled floor element is to be understood in particular as a floor element which is provided with a floor covering and a corresponding part (for example the latching element) of the connection device.
  • a pre-assembled floor element is ready for use after it has been connected to the carrier and does not require any further assembly steps.
  • This configuration enables a particularly time-saving Installation, since a floor element in particular is already completely laid after it has been attached to the support with leveling, without a floor covering having to be glued later.
  • the pre-assembled floor element can also already be provided with insulating material, which is used for thermal and/or acoustic insulation, so that the degree of pre-assembly is further increased and the assembly time is thus further reduced.
  • the latching element comprises fastening means for fastening to the floor element, wherein the latching element can be or is fastened to the floor element in particular in such a way that the floor element provides a substantially planar surface on the side opposite the latching element.
  • the level surface enables the passenger to move safely within the passenger compartment and at the same time simplifies cleaning of the floor since the floor covering can be provided here without interruption and level on the surface of the floor element.
  • the fastening means comprises a countersunk screw, the countersunk head being countersunk in an opening in the floor element and being covered by a floor covering arranged on the floor element.
  • a screw enables a particularly strong connection between the connection device and the floor element, so that on the one hand good load transfer is ensured and on the other hand the floor element is joined so firmly that a passenger can move safely on it.
  • the proposed use of a countersunk screw allows a floor covering to be attached to the top of the floor element, which increases the degree of pre-assembly of the floor element and thus further reduces the installation time of a floor, because there is no need to subsequently apply a floor covering.
  • the overall height from the carrier top to the top edge of the receiving element is at most 4 cm, preferably at most 3.2 cm.
  • this overall height can be reduced to less than 3 cm, preferably less than 2.5 cm.
  • Such a flat overall height makes it possible, in particular, to further enlarge the usable passenger compartment.
  • the overall height from the underside of the carrier to the top edge of the floor covering is at most 10 cm, preferably at most 8 cm, more preferably at most 6.5 cm.
  • Such a flat overall height makes it possible, in particular, to further enlarge the usable passenger compartment.
  • a connection device according to the invention or a system according to the invention is used for a floor construction of a rail vehicle.
  • a floor structure comprising one or more systems according to the invention or connection elements according to the invention can provide a floor, for example of a rail vehicle, which is easy to assemble and also offers the passenger a high level of comfort thanks to the finely adjusted, leveled and vibration-damped floor elements and at the same time optimum load transfer from the floor to the chassis is achieved.
  • the above-mentioned object is also achieved with an assembly method for connecting a floor element to a carrier with a connection device according to the invention, comprising: fastening the locking element to the floor element, fastening the receiving element to the carrier, leveling of height differences using the Recording element, and connecting the bottom element to the carrier by the Latching projection is at least partially fixed in a form-fitting manner in the receptacle of the receiving element.
  • the locking element can be fastened to the floor element in particular as part of pre-assembly, ie the provision of a pre-assembled floor element.
  • the receiving element can be leveled. If several connection devices are provided and thus several receiving elements are to be fastened to the carrier, some or all of the receiving elements are preferably first fastened to the carrier and then the fastened receiving elements are leveled. Finally, the floor element can be connected to the carrier via the connection device (or the connection devices).
  • connection device 2 comprises a latching element 4 and a receiving element 6.
  • connection device 2 The components of the system 1 that do not belong to the connection device 2, in particular a floor element 8 designed as a floor plate 8, a floor covering 10 arranged thereon and a carrier 12 connected to the receiving element 6, have been drawn in with dashed lines for the sake of clarity.
  • the pre-assembled floor element 8 is designed here as a floor plate 8 which, due to the pre-assembly carried out, is already provided with the floor covering 10 and the latching element 4 of the connection device 2 which is mechanically stably connected to the floor plate 8 .
  • the latching element 4 comprises a countersunk screw 4.1 in the base element 8 as the fastening means 4.1.
  • the locking element 4 has a locking projection 4.2, which preferably consists of a plastic material.
  • the receiving element 6 is fastened to the carrier 12 by means of a washer and a hexagon nut 14 .
  • the receiving element 6 comprises a base body 6.1, an adjusting body 6.2, a rubber bushing 6.3, which acts as a vibration damper 6.3, and a cover 6.4.
  • the rubber bushing 6.3 has a receptacle 6.3.1 for the locking element 4 or the locking projection 4.2.
  • the rubber bushing 6.3 is fixed by connecting (screwing) the cover 6.4 to the adjusting body 6.2.
  • the latching projection 4.2 and the receptacle 6.3.1 of the rubber bushing 6.3 form a clip connection.
  • connection device 2 that is, both the locking element 4 and the receiving element 6 are here in Substantially rotationally symmetrical.
  • Locking element 4 and receiving element 6 are arranged coaxially about axis A (corresponds to the longitudinal axis of countersunk screw 4.1).
  • the base body 6.1 and the adjusting body 6.2 are in contact via a fine thread 6.5.
  • Adjusting body 6.2 and base body 6.1 form a leveling mechanism.
  • the adjusting body 6.2 has an actuation surface (hexagonal cross-section) on the outside in the horizontal direction where it has the fine thread 6.5 on its inside, so that the relative displacement of the adjusting body 6.2 and the base body 6.1 enables simple height compensation, for example using a commercially available wrench can be carried out.
  • the leveling is preferably carried out before the base element 8 with the locking element 4 is placed on the receiving element 6 . Due to the leveling, the overall height h 1 from the upper side of the carrier 12 to the upper edge of the receiving element 6 can be continuously adjusted between 2.4 and 3.2 cm. Overall, however, the overall height h 2 from the underside of the carrier 12 to the upper edge of the floor covering 10 can be less than 6 cm.
  • the adjusting body 6.2 and thus the upper edge of the rubber bushing 6.3 are then set to the required height by turning the external hexagonal cross-section using a wrench via the fine thread 6.5.
  • connection devices 2 are preferably used in order to enable optimal load transfer between the floor element 8 and the carrier 12 .
  • a floor element 8 can have a plurality of pre-assembled latching elements 4 along a line, in particular at regular intervals.
  • the carrier 12 then has the associated receiving elements 6, as shown by way of example in 2 shown.
  • locking elements 4 are pre-assembled on the base plate 8 at defined intervals by means of countersunk screws 4.1.
  • the floor covering 10 is then glued to the floor panel 8 .
  • each receiving element 6 has a hexagonal cross-section on the outside for the subsequent leveling, which enables the bearing surface provided by the vibration damper 6.3 to be adjusted upwards or downwards via a fine thread 6.5.
  • the preassembled base plate 8 is mounted by the locking elements 4 are partially pressed into the respective receptacle 6.3.1 of the rubber bushing 6.3, which also serves as a vibration damper 6.3.
  • the rubber bushing 6.3 thus enables the preassembled floor element 8 to be locked and also ensures that the vibrations of the carrier 12 are dampened.
  • a possible dismantling can be achieved analogously by loosening the clip connections, for example by first removing the floor covering 10 at the points where connection devices 2 are attached and then loosening the clip connection by loosening the countersunk screws 4.1. The base plate 8 can then be removed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Anbindungsvorrichtung zur Anbindung eines Bodenelements an einen Träger, umfassend ein Rastelement mit einem Rastvorsprung und ein Aufnahmeelement mit einer Aufnahme zum zumindest teilweisen formschlüssigen Aufnehmen des Rastvorsprungs. Darüber hinaus betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein System umfassend ein Bodenelement und einen Träger, sowie ein Montageverfahren zur Anbindung eines Bodenelements an einen Träger. Schließlich betrifft die Erfindung eine Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung.The present invention relates to a connection device for connecting a floor element to a carrier, comprising a latching element with a latching projection and a receiving element with a receptacle for at least partially positively receiving the latching projection. In addition, the present invention relates to a system comprising a floor element and a carrier, as well as an assembly method for connecting a floor element to a carrier. Finally, the invention relates to the use of a connection device according to the invention.

Das Dokument EP 2 399 797 A1 offenbart eine Anbindungsvorrichtung zur Anbindung eines Bodenelementes an einen Träger.The document EP 2 399 797 A1 discloses a connection device for connecting a floor element to a carrier.

Eine Hauptfunktion eines Fußbodenaufbaus, bestehend aus Bodenelementen, und Anbindungsvorrichtungen, insbesondere bei Schienenfahrzeugen besteht darin, zum einem dem Passagier einen sicheren Stand und sichere Fortbewegung innerhalb des Fahrgastraums zu ermöglichen. Zum anderen muss der Fußbodenaufbau gewährleisten, dass die im Fahrbetrieb auftretenden Lasten in die Wagenkastenstruktur abgeleitet werden und gleichzeitig eine Isolierung des Fahrgastraums hinsichtlich akustischer und thermischer Störgrößen realisiert wird.A main function of a floor structure, consisting of floor elements and connecting devices, in particular in rail vehicles, is to enable the passenger to stand securely and move safely within the passenger compartment. On the other hand, the floor structure must ensure that the loads occurring during driving are dissipated into the car body structure and at the same time the passenger compartment is insulated with regard to acoustic and thermal disturbances.

Ein Bodenelement umfasst hierbei typischerweise zumindest eine Bodenplatte. Isoliermaterialen zur thermischen und akustischen Entkoppelung des Fahrgastraums werden zwischen Bodenplatten und Wagenkasten eingebracht. Ein Bodenbelag kann nachträglich auf die montierten Bodenplatten aufgebracht werden. Die Anbindungsvorrichtungen stellen daher die Verbindung zwischen dem Wagenkasten, insbesondere den Trägern des Wagenkastens, und dem Fußboden, insbesondere den Bodenplatten, her. Gerade den Anbindungsvorrichtungen kommt bei der Realisierung der oben angesprochenen Anforderungen eine besonders hohe Bedeutung zu.In this case, a floor element typically comprises at least one floor panel. Insulating materials for thermal and acoustic decoupling of the passenger compartment are placed between the floor panels and the car body. A floor covering can be subsequently applied to the installed floor panels. The connection devices therefore establish the connection between the car body, in particular the beams of the car body, and the floor, in particular the floor panels. The connection devices in particular are of particularly great importance when realizing the requirements mentioned above.

Zunächst muss eine Anbindungsvorrichtung ausreichend mechanisch belastbar aufgebaut sein und eine präzise Feinjustage der Bodenelemente ermöglichen, damit der Fußboden im Sinne der Fahrgastsicherheit sowie einer einfachen Reinigungsmöglichkeit ausreichend eben ist und insbesondere keine Lücken oder Kanten zwischen den Bodenelementen aufweist. Zudem sollte die Anbindungsvorrichtung eine möglichst hohe Entkopplung der Vibrationen zwischen Wagenkasten und Fußboden realisieren, um einen hohen Komfort für die Fahrgäste zu erreichen. Weiterhin muss im Sinne einer kosten- und zeitsparenden Montage das Verlegen eines Fußbodens mit möglichst geringem Montageaufwand bei gleichzeitig geringer Montagezeit ermöglicht werden. Daneben dürfen die Anbindungsvorrichtungen durch ihre Bauhöhe keinen zu hohen Aufbau des Fußbodens bewirken, damit der Fahrgastraum einerseits möglichst groß ist und andererseits beispielsweise ein barrierefreier Einstieg an einer Bahnsteigkante ermöglicht wird. Schließlich sollten die Anbindungsvorrichtungen, welche in entsprechend hoher Anzahl verbaut werden, nicht zu schwer sein, um einen möglichst energiesparenden Betrieb von Fahrzeugen zu ermöglichen.First of all, a connection device must be designed to be sufficiently mechanically resilient and enable precise fine adjustment of the floor elements so that the floor is sufficiently flat in terms of passenger safety and easy cleaning and, in particular, has no gaps or edges between the floor elements. In addition, the connection device should realize the highest possible decoupling of the vibrations between the car body and the floor in order to achieve a high level of comfort for the passengers. Furthermore, in terms of cost- and time-saving assembly, it must be possible to lay a floor with as little assembly effort as possible and at the same time a short assembly time. In addition, the connection devices must not cause the floor to build up too high due to their overall height, so that the passenger compartment is as large as possible on the one hand and, on the other hand, barrier-free entry at a platform edge is made possible, for example. Finally, the connection devices, which are installed in a correspondingly high number, should not be too heavy in order to enable the most energy-efficient operation of vehicles.

Um eine schnelle und kostensparende Montage von Bodenelementen, insbesondere im Schienenfahrzeugbau, zu gewährleisten, kommen vermehrt vormontierte Bodenplatten zum Einsatz. So ist beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2010 036 516 A1 eine Anbindungsvorrichtung bekannt, die einen Toleranzausgleich und einen Austausch einzelner Bodenelemente ermöglicht. Hierbei wird ein Bodenelement mittels eines Abdeckelement, dass an der Oberseite des Bodenelements angebracht ist, mit einem Nutenstein verschraubt, der in einer Nutleiste eingebracht ist. Diese Anbindungsvorrichtung hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass eine Verschraubung durch den Bodenbelag notwendig ist, was einerseits zu einer längeren Montagezeit führt und andererseits keinen durchgängigen, ebenen Bodenbelag ermöglicht.In order to ensure a quick and cost-saving assembly of floor elements, especially in rail vehicle construction, pre-assembled floor panels are increasingly being used. For example, from the DE 10 2010 036 516 A1 a connection device is known, which allows tolerance compensation and an exchange of individual floor elements. In this case, a floor element is screwed to a slot nut, which is inserted in a slot strip, by means of a cover element that is attached to the upper side of the floor element. However, this connection device has the disadvantage that a screw connection through the floor covering is necessary, which on the one hand leads to a longer assembly time and on the other hand does not allow a continuous, level floor covering.

Nach der DE 200 02 265 U1 kann ein Toleranzausgleich bei einer Anbindungsvorrichtung für einen Fußboden dadurch erreicht werden, dass vom Verbindungselement separate Abstandshalter zwischen einen auf die Unterseite eines Bodenelements geklebten Verbindungselement und dem Träger eingebracht werden. Durch die beim Rohbau im Bodenbereich auftretenden Bauabweichungen sind die Höhentoleranzen von Auflagerpunkt zu Auflagerpunkt der Fußbodenplatte unterschiedlich, sodass ein individueller Ausgleich nur möglich wird, wenn die Abstandhalter entsprechend dimensioniert und hergestellt werden. Dies bedeutet einen hohen Zeitaufwand. Zudem werden diese Abweichungen im Regelfall erst bei der Montage festgestellt, sodass sich die Montagezeit teils deutlich erhöht. Dazu erhöht insbesondere die vorgesehen Klebeverbindung mit dadurch bedingten Trocknungszeiten die Montagezeit weiter deutlich. Auch ist eine Änderung des Toleranzausgleichs im Nachhinein nicht mehr möglich.After DE 200 02 265 U1 For example, tolerance compensation in a connection device for a floor can be achieved by inserting spacers separate from the connection element between a connection element glued to the underside of a floor element and the carrier. Due to the structural deviations occurring in the floor area during shell construction, the Height tolerances differ from support point to support point of the floor slab, so that an individual compensation is only possible if the spacers are dimensioned and manufactured accordingly. This means a lot of time. In addition, these deviations are usually only detected during assembly, so that the assembly time increases significantly in some cases. In addition, the intended adhesive connection with the resulting drying times increases the assembly time significantly. It is also no longer possible to change the tolerance compensation afterwards.

Neben dem erhöhten Montageaufwand bei wenig flexiblem Toleranzausgleich, haben diese bekannten Anbindungsvorrichtungen zudem den Nachteil, dass Vibrationen vom Träger auf das Bodenelement übertragen werden können.In addition to the increased installation effort with less flexible tolerance compensation, these known connection devices also have the disadvantage that vibrations can be transmitted from the carrier to the floor element.

Auch aus der WO 00/76822 A1 und der DD 288 130 sind jeweils Anbindungsvorrichtungen bekannt, die einen Toleranzausgleich mittels des Austauschs von separaten Komponenten (Beilagen) vorsehen, wobei die Anbindungsvorrichtung der DD 288 130 zusätzlich schwingungsdämpfende Formstücke umfasst, dies allerdings auf Kosten einer stark erhöhten Bauhöhe, sodass der nutzbare Platz in einer Fahrzeugkabine reduziert wird. Zudem führt die Verwendung von Beilagen zum Toleranzausgleich dazu, dass eine möglicherweise notwendige Justage nicht ausreichend zuverlässig und präzise erfolgen kann bzw. eine entsprechend hohe Anzahl von Beilagen individuell hergestellt und vorgehalten werden müssen und somit ein erhöhter Herstellungsaufwand und Zeitaufwand bei der Montage entsteht.Also from the WO 00/76822 A1 and the DD 288 130 are each known connection devices that provide a tolerance compensation by means of the exchange of separate components (inserts), the connection device of DD 288 130 additionally includes vibration-damping molded pieces, but this at the expense of a greatly increased overall height, so that the usable space in a vehicle cabin is reduced. In addition, the use of shims to compensate for tolerances means that any adjustment that may be necessary cannot be carried out with sufficient reliability and precision, or a correspondingly large number of shims have to be manufactured and kept available individually, resulting in increased production costs and time during assembly.

Schließlich ist aus DE 10 2010 041 196 B4 bekannt, Fußbodenelemente auf Auflageelementen zu lagern, die mittels Clipsen mit einem Untergestell eines Schienenfahrzeugs verbundenen sind. Nachteilig an dieser Verbindung ist jedoch, dass die Fußbodenelemente nicht nivelliert werden können und auch eine Übertragung von Vibrationen nicht gedämpft wird.Finally it's over DE 10 2010 041 196 B4 It is known to store floor elements on support elements which are connected to an underframe of a rail vehicle by means of clips. The disadvantage of this connection, however, is that the floor elements cannot be leveled and the transmission of vibrations is not dampened.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Nachteile aus dem Stand der Technik zu beseitigen und insbesondere eine Anbindungsvorrichtung, ein System, eine Verwendung und ein Montageverfahren zur Anbindung eines Bodenelements an einen Träger zur Verfügung zu stellen, die die Nachteile des Stands der Technik zumindest teilweise beseitigen oder reduzieren, das heißt insbesondere bei einer möglichst geringen Montagezeit, eine hohe mechanische Stabilität und einen hohen Komfort (in Hinblick auf einen möglichen Toleranzausgleich und das Schwingungsdämpfungsverhalten) zu ermöglichen.Based on this prior art, the present invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular of providing a connection device, a system, a use and an assembly method for connecting a floor element to a carrier at least partially eliminate or reduce the disadvantages of the prior art, that is to say, in particular with the shortest possible assembly time, to enable high mechanical stability and a high level of comfort (in terms of possible tolerance compensation and the vibration damping behavior).

Gemäß einer ersten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Anbindungsvorrichtung zur Anbindung eines Bodenelements an einen Träger, umfassend ein Rastelement mit einem Rastvorsprung und ein Aufnahmeelement mit einer Aufnahme zum zumindest teilweisen formschlüssigen Aufnehmen des Rastvorsprungs, dadurch gelöst, dass das Aufnahmeelement einen Schwingungsdämpfer zur Reduzierung der Übertragung von Vibrationen auf das Bodenelement aufweist, und dass das Aufnahmeelement zur Nivellierung von Höhenabweichungen ausgebildet ist und zur Nivellierung von Höhenabweichungen einen stufenlos einstellbaren Nivellierungsmechanismus umfasst.According to a first teaching of the present invention, this object is achieved by a connection device for connecting a floor element to a support, comprising a latching element with a latching projection and a receiving element with a receptacle for at least partially positively receiving the latching projection, in that the receiving element has a vibration damper for Having reduction in the transmission of vibrations to the floor element, and that the receiving element is designed for leveling height deviations and for leveling height deviations comprises a continuously adjustable leveling mechanism.

Erfindungsgemäß wurde erkannt, dass es möglich ist, gleichzeitig die notwendige mechanische Stabilität, die präzise Justage bei trotzdem geringer Bauhöhe und Vibrationsdämpfung mit einer einzigen Anbindungsvorrichtung zu realisieren. Vorteilhafterweise ist also das erfindungsgemäße Aufnahmeelement selbst zum Toleranzausgleich bzw. Nivellieren ausgebildet, ohne einen Austausch von Komponenten, wie beispielsweise Beilagen oder Unterlegscheiben für den Toleranzausgleich, notwendig zu machen. Gleichwohl können derartige Komponenten zusätzlich eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise um sehr starke Höhenabweichungen auszugleichen. Allerdings ist das Aufnahmeelement bereits, ohne eine Komponente auszutauschen zu müssen, dazu ausgebildet, gewisse Höhenabweichungen zu nivellieren. Beispielsweise kann ist das Aufnahmeelement zur Nivellierung von Höhenabweichungen im Millimeterbereich (beispielsweise von zumindest 5 mm) ausgebildet. Dies kann insbesondere mittels eines Nivellierungsmechanismus erfolgen, wie im Folgenden noch genauer beschrieben wird.According to the invention, it was recognized that it is possible to achieve the necessary mechanical stability, the precise adjustment while still having a low overall height and vibration damping with a single connection device. Advantageously, therefore, the receiving element according to the invention is itself designed for tolerance compensation or leveling, without making it necessary to exchange components, such as shims or washers for tolerance compensation. However, components of this type can also be used, for example to compensate for very large height deviations. However, the receiving element is already designed to level certain height deviations without having to replace a component. For example, the receiving element can be used to level height deviations in the millimeter range (e.g. of at least 5 mm) educated. This can be done in particular by means of a leveling mechanism, as will be described in more detail below.

Die Verbindung zwischen Rastelement und Aufnahmeelement ist hierbei zumindest formschlüssig, beispielsweise ausschließlich formschlüssig, optional kann die Verbindung aber auch zusätzlich kraftschlüssig (reibschlüssig) sein. Der Rastvorsprung kann insbesondere radial ausgreifend und umlaufend am Rastelement ausgebildet sein. Die Aufnahme weist zur formschlüssigen Aufnahme insbesondere eine zum Rastvorsprung des Rastelements korrespondierende Geometrie auf. Es ist denkbar, dass das Rastelement und/oder das Aufnahmeelement (zumindest bereichsweise) eine gewisse Flexibilität aufweisen.The connection between the latching element and the receiving element is at least a form-fit, for example only a form-fit, but the connection can optionally also be a non-positive (frictional) connection. The latching projection can in particular be designed to extend radially and circumferentially on the latching element. The receptacle has a geometry that corresponds in particular to the latching projection of the latching element for positively locking receptacle. It is conceivable that the latching element and/or the receiving element (at least in some areas) have a certain flexibility.

Die Anbindungsvorrichtung, das heißt insbesondere das Rastelement und das Aufnahmeelement, sind vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet, sodass die Ausrichtung der einzelnen Komponenten bei der Montage keine Rolle spielt. Das Rastelement wird beispielsweise in eine Einführrichtung (etwa in Schwerkraftrichtung) in die Aufnahme des Aufnahmeelements eingeführt oder eingeschoben. Beispielsweise ist lediglich ein Einführen oder Einschieben in die eine Richtung erforderlich bis der Rastvorsprung formschlüssig in der Aufnahme aufgenommen ist.The connection device, that is to say in particular the latching element and the receiving element, are preferably designed to be essentially rotationally symmetrical, so that the orientation of the individual components during assembly is irrelevant. The latching element is inserted or pushed into the receptacle of the receiving element, for example in an insertion direction (for example in the direction of gravity). For example, it is only necessary to insert or slide in one direction until the latching projection is received in the receptacle in a form-fitting manner.

Der Schwingungsdämpfer reduziert dabei eine Übertragung von Vibrationen, das heißt mechanischen Schwingungen, und vorzugsweise auch von Stößen und/oder Erschütterungen, von dem Träger auf das Bodenelement. Der Schwingungsdämpfer ist vorzugsweise ein passives Bauelement. Beispielsweise ist der Schwingungsdämpfer aufgrund seiner Materialeigenschaft zur Schwingungsdämpfung ausgebildet.The vibration damper reduces the transmission of vibrations, ie mechanical vibrations, and preferably also impacts and/or shocks, from the carrier to the floor element. The vibration damper is preferably a passive component. For example, the vibration damper is designed for vibration damping due to its material properties.

In einer Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung, ist das Rastelement an dem Bodenelement befestigbar oder befestigt und das Aufnahmeelement ist an dem Träger befestigbar oder befestigt, wobei durch die formschlüssige Aufnahme des Rastvorsprungs in der Aufnahme eine mechanische Verbindung zwischen dem Bodenelement und dem Träger herstellbar oder hergestellt ist. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass die Nivellierung vorteilhaft am bereits am Träger befestigten Aufnahmeelement vor der Montage des Bodenelements und unabhängig vom Bodenelement durchgeführt werden kann. Zudem kann eine stabile Verbindung zwischen Aufnahmeelement und Träger und damit zwischen Bodenelement und Träger ermöglicht werden.In one embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, the locking element can be fastened or fastened to the base element and the receiving element can be fastened or fastened to the carrier, with the positive recording of the locking projection in the recording a mechanical Connection between the floor element and the carrier can be produced or produced. The result of this is that the leveling can advantageously be carried out on the receiving element already fastened to the carrier before the floor element is installed and independently of the floor element. In addition, a stable connection between the receiving element and the carrier and thus between the floor element and the carrier can be made possible.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung, bilden der Rastvorsprung und die Aufnahme eine insbesondere wiederlösbare Clipsverbindung. Unter einer Clipsverbindung wird insbesondere eine Verbindung verstanden, bei der mittels einer bestimmten, erforderlichen Druckkraft bzw. Montagekraft (in Einführrichtung) ein Montagewiderstand überwunden wird und das Rastelement in die Aufnahme gebracht wird, insbesondere ohne hierfür ein Werkzeug einsetzten zu müssen.According to a further embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, the latching projection and the receptacle form a clip connection which is in particular detachable. A clip connection is understood to mean, in particular, a connection in which an assembly resistance is overcome by means of a specific, required compressive force or assembly force (in the direction of insertion) and the locking element is brought into the receptacle, in particular without having to use a tool for this purpose.

Durch die Anbindung eines Bodenelements an einen Träger als Clipsverbindung wird eine geringe Montagezeit ermöglicht. Es wurde erkannt, dass es mit einer Clipsverbindung möglich ist, die notwendige mechanische Stabilität und die präzise Justage bei trotzdem geringer Bauhöhe mit einer einzigen Anbindungsvorrichtung zu realisieren. Insbesondere hat die Clipsverbindung den Vorteil, dass der Außenbereich des Aufnahmeelements keine oder eine geringere mechanische Betätigungsfläche für die mechanische Verbindung zwischen Träger und Bodenelement aufweist und stattdessen für andere Funktionen (beispielsweise das Einstellen einer Nivellierung) zur Verfügung steht.The connection of a floor element to a support as a clip connection enables a short assembly time. It was recognized that with a clip connection it is possible to achieve the necessary mechanical stability and the precise adjustment with a single connection device despite the low overall height. In particular, the clip connection has the advantage that the outer area of the receiving element has little or no mechanical actuating surface for the mechanical connection between the carrier and the floor element and is instead available for other functions (for example setting a level).

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung weist das Aufnahmeelement im Bereich der Aufnahme für den Rastvorsprung zumindest abschnittsweise ein flexibles Material auf und ist derart ausgebildet, dass das Aufnahmeelement den Rastvorsprung zur formschlüssigen Verbindung nach einem zumindest teilweisen Einschieben des Rastelements in die Aufnahme des Aufnahmeelements hintergreift. Beispielsweise hintergreift das Aufnahmeelement den Rastvorsprung mittels eines umlaufenden Überstands. Diese Ausgestaltung bewirkt eine kompakte Bauform bei geringem Kraftaufwand und geringer Montagezeit und ermöglicht gleichzeitig eine besonders stabile Verbindung. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das flexible Material des Aufnahmeelements gleichzeitig den Schwingungsdämpfer (oder einen Teil hiervon) bildet, was im Folgenden noch beschrieben wird.In a further embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, the receiving element has a flexible material in the region of the receptacle for the latching projection, at least in sections, and is designed in such a way that the receiving element engages behind the latching projection for the positive connection after the latching element has been at least partially pushed into the receptacle of the receiving element. For example, the receiving element engages behind the locking projection by means of a circumferential overhang. This configuration results in a compact design with little effort and little assembly time and at the same time enables a particularly stable connection. It is particularly advantageous if the flexible material of the receiving element simultaneously forms the vibration damper (or a part thereof), which will be described below.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung weist die Aufnahme des Aufnahmeelements eine zum Rastvorsprung im Wesentlichen komplementäre Innenform auf. Durch diese spezielle Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung wird insbesondere eine weitere Stabilisierung der Verbindung erreicht und der Kraftübertrag zwischen Bodenelement und Träger verbessert.According to a further embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, the receptacle of the receiving element has an inner shape that is essentially complementary to the latching projection. This special configuration of the connection device according to the invention achieves in particular a further stabilization of the connection and improves the transmission of force between the floor element and the carrier.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung umfasst der Schwingungsdämpfer des Aufnahmeelements ein flexibles Element, insbesondere aus einem Elastomer (beispielsweise ein Gummielement), wobei das flexible Element vorzugsweise die Aufnahme des Aufnahmeelements bereitstellt. Dadurch, dass das Aufnahmeelement ein flexibles Element, insbesondere ein Gummielement, umfasst, kann die Bauhöhe der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung weiter reduziert werden, wobei gleichzeitig eine gute Vibrationsdämpfung und Kraftübertragung gewährleistet wird. Es müssen also nicht etwa zwei separate Bauteile zur Schwingungsdämpfung und zur Aufnahme des Rastvorsprungs des Rastelements vorgesehen werden. Vielmehr wurde erkannt, dass ein flexibles Element gleichzeitig als Schwingungsdämpfer (oder Teil hiervon) und als Aufnahme für den Rastvorsprung dienen kann. Insbesondere kommt hierfür der Werkstoff Gummi zum Einsatz der aufgrund seiner physikalischen Eigenschaften hier besonders vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden kann.According to a further embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, the vibration damper of the receiving element comprises a flexible element, in particular made of an elastomer (for example a rubber element), the flexible element preferably providing the accommodation of the receiving element. Due to the fact that the receiving element comprises a flexible element, in particular a rubber element, the overall height of the connection device according to the invention can be further reduced, with good vibration damping and power transmission being ensured at the same time. It is therefore not necessary to provide two separate components for vibration damping and for receiving the latching projection of the latching element. Rather, it was recognized that a flexible element can simultaneously serve as a vibration damper (or part thereof) and as a receptacle for the latching projection. In particular, the material rubber is used for this purpose, which can be used particularly advantageously here due to its physical properties.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung umfasst das Aufnahmeelement zur Nivellierung von Höhenabweichungen einen Nivellierungsmechanismus, welcher vorzugsweise eine Gewindeverbindung umfasst. Unter einem Nivellierungsmechanismus wird hierbei ein Mechanismus verstanden, der insbesondere eine Feinjustage bzw. einen Toleranzausgleich ermöglicht. Im montierten Zustand kann eine Auflagefläche eines Fußbodens an einer Oberkante des Aufnahmeelementes aufliegen, während eine gegenüberliegende Seite des Aufnahmeelementes auf einer Trägeroberfläche aufliegt. Die Höhe des Aufnahmeelementes kann somit dem Abstand zwischen Fußboden und Träger entsprechen. Durch den Nivellierungsmechanismus kann insbesondere die Höhe des Aufnahmeelements eingestellt werden. Insbesondere kann die Lage Oberkante des Aufnahmeelements in Bezug auf eine Trägeroberfläche, auf dem das Aufnahmeelement angeordnet ist, verändert werden. Insbesondere ermöglicht der Nivellierungsmechanismus durch eine (vorzugsweise mechanische) Betätigung,unterschiedliche Höhenabweichungen zu nivellieren. Der Nivellierungsmechanismus kann somit zumindest in einen ersten Zustand (beispielsweise ein vollständig eingefahrener Zustand) zur Nivellierung einer ersten Höhenabweichung und in einen zweiten Zustand (beispielsweise ein vollständig ausgefahrener Zustand) zur Nivellierung einer zweiten Höhenabweichung gebracht werden. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Nivellierungsmechanismus zur Nivellierung unterschiedlicher Höhenabweichungen stufenlos (insbesondere zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Zustand) einstellbar, was insbesondere durch die Gewindeverbindung erreicht werden kann. Der Nivellierungsmechanismus erlaubt hierbei vorzugsweise einen Höhenausgleich von mindestens 5 mm, vorzugsweise mindestens 8 mm. Das heißt insbesondere, dass die (vertikale) Lage der Oberkante des Aufnahmeelements in Bezug auf eine Trägeroberfläche um diese Werte verstellt werden kann. Vorzugsweise wird hierbei ein Toleranzausgleich mittels einer Gewindeverbindung erreicht. Durch die Gewindeverbindung können Stellkörper und Grundkörper relativ zueinander (in vertikaler Richtung) verschoben werden. Die Gewindeverbindung weist bevorzugt ein Feingewinde (das heißt ein Gewinde mit einer kleineren Gewindesteigung als Regelgewinde) auf, etwa ein metrisches Feingewinde gemäß DIN 13-2 oder ISO 261 oder auch ein Whitworth- oder US-Gewinde im Zollsystem nach UTF Standard.In a further embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, the receiving element for leveling out height deviations comprises a Leveling mechanism, which preferably comprises a threaded connection. In this context, a leveling mechanism is understood to mean a mechanism which, in particular, enables fine adjustment or tolerance compensation. In the assembled state, a bearing surface of a floor can rest on an upper edge of the receiving element, while an opposite side of the receiving element rests on a support surface. The height of the receiving element can thus correspond to the distance between the floor and the carrier. In particular, the height of the receiving element can be adjusted by the leveling mechanism. In particular, the position of the upper edge of the receiving element in relation to a carrier surface on which the receiving element is arranged can be changed. In particular, the leveling mechanism allows, through a (preferably mechanical) actuation, to level different height deviations. The leveling mechanism can thus be placed in at least a first state (e.g. a fully retracted state) for leveling a first height deviation and a second state (e.g. a fully extended state) for leveling a second height deviation. According to the invention, the leveling mechanism for leveling different height deviations can be adjusted steplessly (in particular between the first and the second state), which can be achieved in particular by the threaded connection. The leveling mechanism preferably allows a height adjustment of at least 5 mm, preferably at least 8 mm. This means in particular that the (vertical) position of the upper edge of the receiving element in relation to a support surface can be adjusted by these values. Tolerance compensation is preferably achieved here by means of a threaded connection. The threaded connection allows the adjusting body and the base body to be displaced relative to one another (in the vertical direction). The threaded connection preferably has a fine thread (i.e. a thread with a smaller thread pitch than a standard thread), such as a metric fine thread in accordance with DIN 13-2 or ISO 261 or a Whitworth or US thread in the inch system in accordance with the UTF standard.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung umfasst das Aufnahmeelement einen Grundkörper und einen Stellkörper zur Bildung des Nivellierungsmechanismus, wobei insbesondere der Grundkörper ein Außengewinde und der Stellkörper ein Innengewinde zur Bildung einer Gewindeverbindung des Nivellierungsmechanismus aufweist. Durch die Nivellierung kann die Bauhöhe des Aufnahmeelements stufenlos eingestellt werden. Durch diese Ausgestaltung des Nivellierungsmechanismus kann eine besonders geringe Bauhöhe erreicht werden. Der Stellkörper ist dabei bevorzugt von außen zugänglich, sodass über diesen das Aufnahmeelement zur Nivellierung unterschiedlicher Höhenabweichungen eingestellt werden kann. Dies ist insbesondere mit der Realisierung einer Clipsverbindung, welche keine von außen zugänglichen Stellmittel oder ähnliches zur Herstellung der Verbindung benötigt, vorteilhaft.According to a further embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, the receiving element comprises a base body and an adjusting body to form the leveling mechanism, the base body in particular having an external thread and the adjusting body having an internal thread to form a threaded connection of the leveling mechanism. Due to the leveling, the overall height of the receiving element can be continuously adjusted. This configuration of the leveling mechanism allows a particularly low overall height to be achieved. The adjusting body is preferably accessible from the outside, so that the receiving element can be adjusted for leveling different height deviations. This is particularly advantageous with the realization of a clip connection that does not require any adjusting means or the like that are accessible from the outside to establish the connection.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung bilden der Grundkörper und/oder der Stellkörper und optional ein Deckel des Aufnahmeelements einen Aufnahmebereich für den Schwingungsdämpfer. Hierdurch wird vorteilhaftweise eine weitere Verringerung der Bauhöhe bei stabiler Lagerung des Schwingungsdämpfers der Anbindungsvorrichtung erreicht, da Grundkörper, Stellkörper und/oder Deckel (sofern vorgesehen) zusammen eine Lagerbuchse bilden. Eine Lagerbuchse hat zudem den Vorteil, dass der Bewegungsraum des Schwingungsdämpfers durch die angrenzenden Flächen der Lagerbuchse vordefiniert bzw. beschränkt werden kann. So kann die Dämpfung oder elastische Verformung des Schwingungsdämpfers im Wesentlichen auf eine vertikale Richtung beschränkt werden.According to a further embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, the base body and/or the adjusting body and optionally a cover of the receiving element form a receiving area for the vibration damper. This advantageously achieves a further reduction in the overall height with stable mounting of the vibration damper of the connection device, since the base body, adjusting body and/or cover (if provided) together form a bearing bush. A bearing bush also has the advantage that the movement space of the vibration damper can be predefined or restricted by the adjacent surfaces of the bearing bush. In this way, the damping or elastic deformation of the vibration damper can be essentially restricted to a vertical direction.

Miteinander über Gewinde verschraubte Grundkörper, Stellkörper und/oder Deckel können gemeinsam einen formschlüssigen Aufnahmebereich für den Schwingungsdämpfer bilden, in welchem der Schwingungsdämpfer formschlüssig aufgenommen ist. Somit kann der Schwingungsdämpfer zuverlässig gehalten sein, ohne dass Klebeverbindungen verwendet werden müssen. Dies vereinfacht eine Demontage und den Austausch verschlissener Schwingungsdämpfer der Anbindungsvorrichtung.Base bodies, adjusting bodies and/or covers screwed together via threads can together form a form-fitting receiving area for the vibration damper, in which the vibration damper is received in a form-fitting manner. The vibration damper can thus be held reliably without having to use adhesive connections. This simplifies one Disassembly and replacement of worn vibration dampers of the connection device.

Der Nivellierungsmechanismus kann in das Aufnahmeelement integriert sein. Der Nivellierungsmechanismus kann bevorzugt am Umfang des Aufnahmeelementes angeordnet sein, um Kippmomente zuverlässiger übertragen zu können. In einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung kann ein Gewinde zwischen Grundkörper und Stellkörper der Nivellierung dienen. Das Gewinde zwischen Grundkörper und Stellkörper kann zugleich einer Begrenzung des Aufnahmebereichs und der Nivellierung dienen.The leveling mechanism can be integrated into the receiving element. The leveling mechanism can preferably be arranged on the circumference of the receiving element in order to be able to transmit tilting moments more reliably. In an expedient embodiment, a thread between the base body and the adjusting body can be used for leveling. The thread between the base body and the adjusting body can also be used to limit the receiving area and for levelling.

Bevorzugt liegt der Schwingungsdämpfer auf einer durch den Stellkörper bereitgestellten Auflagefläche auf. Dabei ist der Schwingungsdämpfer vorzugsweise koaxial von dem Grundkörper, Stellkörper und/oder Deckel aufgenommen. Das heißt, dass bei der insoweit bevorzugten rotationssymmetrischen Ausführung der Komponenten deren Rotationsachse übereinstimmt.The vibration damper preferably rests on a support surface provided by the adjusting body. In this case, the vibration damper is preferably accommodated coaxially by the base body, adjusting body and/or cover. This means that in the case of the rotationally symmetrical design of the components, which is preferred in this respect, their axis of rotation coincides.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung ist das Rastelement zumindest abschnittsweise aus Plastik oder Metall hergestellt. Plastik kann hierbei durch seine Flexibilität und geringen Preis vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden, während der Einsatz von Metall gerade bei einer möglichen Wiederverwendung von vormontierten Bodenplatten bzw. einem erwarteten Abnehmen und Wiedermontieren der Bodenplatten etwa zu wartungszwecken vorteilhaft sein kann.In a further embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, the latching element is made at least in sections from plastic or metal. Plastic can be used to advantage here due to its flexibility and low price, while the use of metal can be advantageous especially if pre-assembled floor panels are to be reused or if the floor panels are expected to be removed and reassembled, for example for maintenance purposes.

Gemäß einer zweiten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben genannte Aufgabe auch durch ein System umfassend ein Bodenelement, einen Träger und eine erfindungsgemäße Anbindungsvorrichtung gelöst, wobei das Bodenelement mit der Anbindungsvorrichtung an den Träger anbindbar oder angebunden ist. Ein Bodenelement umfasst hierbei beispielsweise zumindest eine oder besteht aus einer Bodenplatte. Das erfindungsgemäße System ermöglicht durch die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungselements eine lastoptimierte und vibrationsgedämpfte Bereitstellung eines Fußbodens mit einer besonders flachen Bauhöhe, wobei eine geringe Montagezeit erreicht werden kann.According to a second teaching of the present invention, the above-mentioned object is also achieved by a system comprising a floor element, a carrier and a connection device according to the invention, wherein the floor element can be connected or is connected to the carrier with the connection device. A floor element here comprises, for example, at least one or consists of a floor panel. The system according to the invention enables a load-optimized and through the use of the connection element according to the invention vibration-damped provision of a floor with a particularly flat overall height, with a short assembly time can be achieved.

Bei größeren Bodenelementen können auch mehrere Anbindungsvorrichtungen an einem Bodenelement eingesetzt werden, um einen optimalen Lastübertrag zwischen Bodenelement und Träger zu ermöglichen. So kann ein einzelnes Bodenelement beispielsweise mit einer oder mehreren [beispielsweise zumindest zwei, drei, vier, fünf oder mehr) Anbindungsvorrichtungen mit dem Träger verbunden werden. Eine oder mehrere Bodenelemente bilden dann (eventuell zusammen mit einem zusätzlichen Bodenbelag) einen Fußboden beispielsweise eines Schienenfahrzeugs.In the case of larger floor elements, several connection devices can also be used on one floor element in order to enable optimum load transfer between the floor element and the carrier. For example, a single floor element can be connected to the carrier with one or more (for example at least two, three, four, five or more) connection devices. One or more floor elements then form (possibly together with an additional floor covering) a floor, for example of a rail vehicle.

Dabei ist, wie bereits ausgeführt, das Rastelement der Anbindungsvorrichtung vorzugsweise an dem Bodenelement und das Aufnahmeelement der Anbindungsvorrichtung an dem Träger befestigt oder befestigbar.As already stated, the locking element of the connection device is preferably attached or can be attached to the base element and the receiving element of the connection device to the carrier.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Systems ist das Bodenelement ein vormontiertes Bodenelement, insbesondere eine Bodenplatte, wobei vorzugsweise auf einer Seite des Bodenelements (zumindest) ein Rastelement angeordnet ist und auf einer gegenüberliegenden Seite des Bodenelements ein Bodenbelag angeordnet ist. Gemäß dieser Ausgestaltung ist an der einen Seite (bei der bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendung die Unterseite, also die dem Bodenbelag gegenüberliegende bzw. vom Fahrgastraum abgewandte Seite) der Bodenplatte ein Rastelement angeordnet. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite (bei der bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendung die Oberseite, also die dem Rastelement gegenüberliegende bzw. dem Fahrgastraum zugewandte Seite) ist der Bodenbelag angeordnet. Unter einem vormontierten Bodenelement ist insbesondere ein Bodenelement zu verstehen, welches mit einen Bodenbelag und einem entsprechenden Teil (zum Beispiels dem Rastelement) der Anbindungsvorrichtung versehen ist. Insbesondere ist ein vormontiertes Bodenelement damit nach der Verbindung mit dem Träger gebrauchsfertig und bedarf keiner weiteren Montageschritte. Diese Ausgestaltung ermöglicht eine besonders zeitsparende Montage, da insbesondere ein Bodenelement nach dem Anbinden an den Träger mit Nivellierung schon fertig verlegt ist, ohne dass nachträglich noch ein Bodenbelag geklebt werden müsste. Vorteilhafterweise kann das vormontierte Bodenelement auch schon mit Isoliermaterial versehen sein, das zur thermischen und/oder akustischen Isolierung dient, sodass der Vormontagegrad weiter erhöht und somit die Montagezeit weiter reduziert wird.According to a further embodiment of the system according to the invention, the floor element is a preassembled floor element, in particular a floor panel, with (at least) one latching element preferably being arranged on one side of the floor element and a floor covering being arranged on an opposite side of the floor element. According to this embodiment, a latching element is arranged on one side (in the intended use, the underside, ie the side opposite the floor covering or facing away from the passenger compartment) of the floor panel. The floor covering is arranged on the opposite side (when used as intended, the upper side, ie the side opposite the latching element or the side facing the passenger compartment). A preassembled floor element is to be understood in particular as a floor element which is provided with a floor covering and a corresponding part (for example the latching element) of the connection device. In particular, a pre-assembled floor element is ready for use after it has been connected to the carrier and does not require any further assembly steps. This configuration enables a particularly time-saving Installation, since a floor element in particular is already completely laid after it has been attached to the support with leveling, without a floor covering having to be glued later. Advantageously, the pre-assembled floor element can also already be provided with insulating material, which is used for thermal and/or acoustic insulation, so that the degree of pre-assembly is further increased and the assembly time is thus further reduced.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Systems umfasst das Rastelement Befestigungsmittel zur Befestigung an dem Bodenelement, wobei das Rastelement insbesondere derart an dem Bodenelement befestigbar oder befestigt ist, dass das Bodenelement auf der dem Rastelement gegenüberliegenden Seite eine im Wesentlichen plane Oberfläche bereitstellt. Durch die plane Oberfläche wird dem Passagier eine sichere Fortbewegung innerhalb des Fahrgastraums ermöglicht und gleichzeitig die Reinigung des Fußbodens vereinfacht, da hier der Bodenbelag unterbrechungsfrei und plan auf der Oberfläche des Bodenelements vorgesehen sein kann.According to a further embodiment of the system according to the invention, the latching element comprises fastening means for fastening to the floor element, wherein the latching element can be or is fastened to the floor element in particular in such a way that the floor element provides a substantially planar surface on the side opposite the latching element. The level surface enables the passenger to move safely within the passenger compartment and at the same time simplifies cleaning of the floor since the floor covering can be provided here without interruption and level on the surface of the floor element.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Systems umfasst das Befestigungsmittel eine Senkkopfschraube, wobei der Senkkopf in einer Öffnung des Bodenelements versenkt ist und von einem auf dem Bodenelement angeordneten Bodenbelag abgedeckt ist. Die Verwendung einer Schraube ermöglicht eine besonders feste Verbindung zwischen der Anbindungsvorrichtung und dem Bodenelement, sodass einerseits eine gute Lastübertragung gewährleistet wird und andererseits das Bodenelement so fest gefügt ist, dass ein Passagier sich sicher darauf bewegen kann. Insbesondere ermöglicht die vorgesehene Verwendung einer Senkkopfschraube, dass ein Bodenbelag auf der Oberseite des Bodenelements angebracht werden kann, was den Vormontagegrad des Bodenelements erhöht und damit die Montagezeit eines Fußbodens weiter reduziert, weil auf das nachträgliche Aufbringen eines Bodenbelags verzichtet werden kann.According to a further embodiment of the system according to the invention, the fastening means comprises a countersunk screw, the countersunk head being countersunk in an opening in the floor element and being covered by a floor covering arranged on the floor element. The use of a screw enables a particularly strong connection between the connection device and the floor element, so that on the one hand good load transfer is ensured and on the other hand the floor element is joined so firmly that a passenger can move safely on it. In particular, the proposed use of a countersunk screw allows a floor covering to be attached to the top of the floor element, which increases the degree of pre-assembly of the floor element and thus further reduces the installation time of a floor, because there is no need to subsequently apply a floor covering.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Systems beträgt die Bauhöhe von der Trägeroberseite bis zur Oberkante des Aufnahmeelements (insbesondere auch im vollständig ausgefahrenen Zustand) höchstens 4 cm, bevorzugt höchstens 3,2 cm. Im vollständig eingefahrenen Zustand kann sich diese Bauhöhe bis auf unter 3 cm, vorzugsweise unter 2,5 cm reduzieren. Durch eine derart flache Bauhöhe wird insbesondere eine weitere Vergrößerung des nutzbaren Fahrgastraums ermöglicht.According to a further embodiment of the system according to the invention, the overall height from the carrier top to the top edge of the receiving element (in particular also in the fully extended state) is at most 4 cm, preferably at most 3.2 cm. When fully retracted, this overall height can be reduced to less than 3 cm, preferably less than 2.5 cm. Such a flat overall height makes it possible, in particular, to further enlarge the usable passenger compartment.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Systems beträgt die Bauhöhe von der Trägerunterseite bis zur Oberkante des Bodenbelags (insbesondere auch im vollständig ausgefahrenen Zustand) höchstens 10 cm, bevorzugt höchstens 8 cm, weiter bevorzugt höchstens 6,5 cm. Durch eine derart flache Bauhöhe wird insbesondere eine weitere Vergrößerung des nutzbaren Fahrgastraums ermöglicht.In another embodiment of the system according to the invention, the overall height from the underside of the carrier to the top edge of the floor covering (in particular also when fully extended) is at most 10 cm, preferably at most 8 cm, more preferably at most 6.5 cm. Such a flat overall height makes it possible, in particular, to further enlarge the usable passenger compartment.

Gemäß einer weiteren Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben genannte Aufgabe auch dadurch gelöst, dass eine erfindungsgemäße Anbindungsvorrichtung oder ein erfindungsgemäßes System für eine Fußbodenkonstruktion eines Schienenfahrzeugs verwendet wird. Insbesondere kann ein Fußbodenaufbau umfassend ein oder mehrere erfindungsgemäße Systeme oder erfindungsgemäße Anbindungselemente einen Fußboden, beispielsweise eines Schienenfahrzeugs, zur Verfügung stellen, der einfach zu montieren ist und zudem durch die feinjustierten, gegeneinander nivellierten und schwingungsgedämpften Bodenelementen dem Passagier einen hohen Komfort bietet und wobei gleichzeitig eine optimale Lastübertragung vom Fußboden auf das Fahrgestell erreicht wird.According to a further teaching of the present invention, the above-mentioned object is also achieved in that a connection device according to the invention or a system according to the invention is used for a floor construction of a rail vehicle. In particular, a floor structure comprising one or more systems according to the invention or connection elements according to the invention can provide a floor, for example of a rail vehicle, which is easy to assemble and also offers the passenger a high level of comfort thanks to the finely adjusted, leveled and vibration-damped floor elements and at the same time optimum load transfer from the floor to the chassis is achieved.

Gemäß einer weiteren Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben genannte Aufgabe auch mit einem Montageverfahren zur Anbindung eines Bodenelements an einen Träger mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung gelöst, umfassend: Befestigen des Rastelements an dem Bodenelement, Befestigen des Aufnahmeelements an dem Träger, Nivellieren von Höhenunterschieden mittels des Aufnahmeelements, und Anbinden des Bodenelements an dem Träger, indem der Rastvorsprung zumindest teilweise formschlüssig in der Aufnahme des Aufnahmeelements fixiert wird. Durch dieses Montageverfahren kann in einfacher und zeitsparender Weise ein Fußboden mit gegeneinander nivellierten und schwingungsgedämpften Bodenelementen montiert werden, der eine optimale Lastübertragung vom Fußboden auf das Fahrgestellt und dem Passagier einen hohen Komfort bietet.According to a further teaching of the present invention, the above-mentioned object is also achieved with an assembly method for connecting a floor element to a carrier with a connection device according to the invention, comprising: fastening the locking element to the floor element, fastening the receiving element to the carrier, leveling of height differences using the Recording element, and connecting the bottom element to the carrier by the Latching projection is at least partially fixed in a form-fitting manner in the receptacle of the receiving element. With this assembly method, a floor with leveled and vibration-damped floor elements can be assembled in a simple and time-saving manner, which offers optimal load transfer from the floor to the chassis and the passenger a high level of comfort.

Das Befestigen des Rastelements an dem Bodenelement kann insbesondere im Rahmen einer Vormontage, also dem Bereitstellen eines vormontierten Bodenelements erfolgen. Nach dem Befestigen des Aufnahmeelements an dem Träger, kann ein Nivellieren des Aufnahmeelements erfolgen. Sind mehrere Anbindungsvorrichtungen vorgesehen und damit mehrere Aufnahmeelemente an dem Träger zu befestigen, werden vorzugsweise zunächst einige oder alle Aufnahmeelemente an dem Träger befestigt, und anschließend eine Nivellierung der befestigten Aufnahmeelemente durchgeführt. Schließlich kann ein Anbinden des Bodenelements über die Anbindungsvorrichtung (oder die Anbindungsvorrichtungen) an dem Träger erfolgen.The locking element can be fastened to the floor element in particular as part of pre-assembly, ie the provision of a pre-assembled floor element. After the receiving element has been fastened to the carrier, the receiving element can be leveled. If several connection devices are provided and thus several receiving elements are to be fastened to the carrier, some or all of the receiving elements are preferably first fastened to the carrier and then the fastened receiving elements are leveled. Finally, the floor element can be connected to the carrier via the connection device (or the connection devices).

Die zuvor und im Folgenden beschriebenen unterschiedlichen Aspekte der Erfindung und ihre Ausgestaltungen sollen dabei auch in ihrer Kombination miteinander offenbart verstanden werden.The different aspects of the invention and their configurations described above and below should also be understood as disclosed in their combination with one another.

Im Weiteren soll die Erfindung anhand von einem Ausführungsbeispiel in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. Die Zeichnung zeigt in

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems mit einem Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Darstellung des Systems aus Fig. 1 mit fünf auf dem Träger befestigten Anbindungsvorrichtungen, wobei die Bodenelemente mit Bodenbelag nicht dargestellt sind.
The invention is to be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing. The drawing shows in
1
a cross section of an embodiment of a system according to the invention with an embodiment of a connection device according to the invention,
2
A perspective view of the system 1 with five connection devices fastened to the carrier, the floor elements with floor covering not being shown.

Anhand der Fig. 1 und 2 soll im Folgenden zudem ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Montageverfahrens beschrieben werden. In Fig. 1 ist ein Querschnitt eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems 1 mit einem Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Anbindungsvorrichtung 2 dargestellt. Die Anbindungsvorrichtung umfasst hier ein Rastelement 4 und ein Aufnahmeelement 6.Based on 1 and 2 an exemplary embodiment of the assembly method according to the invention will also be described below. In 1 a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a system 1 according to the invention is shown with an exemplary embodiment of a connection device 2 according to the invention. The connection device here comprises a latching element 4 and a receiving element 6.

Die nicht zur Anbindungsvorrichtung 2 gehörenden Bauteile des Systems 1, insbesondere ein als Bodenplatte 8 ausgebildetes Bodenelement 8, ein hierauf angeordneter Bodenbelag 10 und ein mit dem Aufnahmeelement 6 verbundener Träger 12 wurden der Übersichtlichkeit halber gestrichelt eingezeichnet.The components of the system 1 that do not belong to the connection device 2, in particular a floor element 8 designed as a floor plate 8, a floor covering 10 arranged thereon and a carrier 12 connected to the receiving element 6, have been drawn in with dashed lines for the sake of clarity.

Das vormontierte Bodenelement 8 ist hier als Bodenplatte 8 ausgebildet, welche aufgrund der durchgeführten Vormontage bereits mit dem Bodenbelag 10 sowie dem mechanisch stabil mit der Bodenplatte 8 verbundenen Rastelement 4 der Anbindungsvorrichtung 2 versehen ist. Zur Verbindung mit der Bodenplatte 8 umfasst das Rastelement 4 als Befestigungsmittel 4.1 eine in dem Bodenelement 8 versenkte Senkkopfschraube 4.1. Zur Verbindung mit dem Aufnahmeelement 6 der Anbindungsvorrichtung 2 weist das Rastelement 4 einen Rastvorsprung 4.2 auf, der vorzugsweise aus einem Plastikmaterial besteht.The pre-assembled floor element 8 is designed here as a floor plate 8 which, due to the pre-assembly carried out, is already provided with the floor covering 10 and the latching element 4 of the connection device 2 which is mechanically stably connected to the floor plate 8 . For connection to the base plate 8, the latching element 4 comprises a countersunk screw 4.1 in the base element 8 as the fastening means 4.1. For connection to the receiving element 6 of the connection device 2, the locking element 4 has a locking projection 4.2, which preferably consists of a plastic material.

Mittels einer Unterlegscheibe und einer Sechskantmutter 14 ist das Aufnahmeelement 6 mit dem Träger 12 befestigt. Das Aufnahmeelement 6 umfasst einen Grundkörper 6.1, einen Stellkörper 6.2, eine Gummibuchse 6.3, welche als Schwingungsdämpfer 6.3 fungiert, und einen Deckel 6.4. Als Gegenstück zum Rastvorsprung 4.2 weist die Gummibuchse 6.3 eine Aufnahme 6.3.1 für das Rastelement 4 bzw. den Rastvorsprung 4.2 auf. Durch Verbindung (Verschraubung) des Deckels 6.4 mit dem Stellkörper 6.2 wird die Gummibuchse 6.3 fixiert. Der Rastvorsprung 4.2 und die Aufnahme 6.3.1 der Gummibuchse 6.3 bilden dabei eine Clipsverbindung. Die Anbindungsvorrichtung 2, das heißt sowohl das Rastelement 4 als auch das Aufnahmeelement 6 sind hier im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet. Rastelement 4 und Aufnahmeelement 6 sind dabei koaxial um Achse A (entspricht der Längsachse der Senkkopfschraube 4.1) angeordnet.The receiving element 6 is fastened to the carrier 12 by means of a washer and a hexagon nut 14 . The receiving element 6 comprises a base body 6.1, an adjusting body 6.2, a rubber bushing 6.3, which acts as a vibration damper 6.3, and a cover 6.4. As a counterpart to the locking projection 4.2, the rubber bushing 6.3 has a receptacle 6.3.1 for the locking element 4 or the locking projection 4.2. The rubber bushing 6.3 is fixed by connecting (screwing) the cover 6.4 to the adjusting body 6.2. The latching projection 4.2 and the receptacle 6.3.1 of the rubber bushing 6.3 form a clip connection. The connection device 2, that is, both the locking element 4 and the receiving element 6 are here in Substantially rotationally symmetrical. Locking element 4 and receiving element 6 are arranged coaxially about axis A (corresponds to the longitudinal axis of countersunk screw 4.1).

Der Grundkörper 6.1 und der Stellkörper 6.2 stehen über ein Feingewinde 6.5 in Kontakt. Stellkörper 6.2 und Grundkörper 6.1 bilden dabei einen Nivellierungsmechanismus. Zur Nivellierung weist der Stellkörper 6.2 dort, wo er an seiner Innenseite das Feingewinde 6.5 aufweist, an der Außenseite in horizontaler Richtung eine Betätigungsfläche (Sechskant-Querschnitt) auf, sodass durch Relatiwerschiebung von Stellkörper 6.2 und Grundkörper 6.1 ein einfacher Höhenausgleich etwa mittels eines handelsüblichen Schraubenschlüssels durchgeführt werden kann. Die Nivellierung wird vorzugsweise durchgeführt, bevor das Bodenelement 8 mit dem Rastelement 4 auf das Aufnahmeelement 6 aufgesetzt wird. Durch die Nivellierung kann letztendlich die Bauhöhe h1 von der Oberseite des Trägers 12 bis zur Oberkante des Aufnahmeelements 6 zwischen 2,4 und 3,2 cm stufenlos eingestellt werden. Insgesamt kann dabei aber die Bauhöhe h2 von der Unterseite des Trägers 12 bis zur Oberkante des Bodenbelags 10 weniger als 6 cm betragen.The base body 6.1 and the adjusting body 6.2 are in contact via a fine thread 6.5. Adjusting body 6.2 and base body 6.1 form a leveling mechanism. For leveling purposes, the adjusting body 6.2 has an actuation surface (hexagonal cross-section) on the outside in the horizontal direction where it has the fine thread 6.5 on its inside, so that the relative displacement of the adjusting body 6.2 and the base body 6.1 enables simple height compensation, for example using a commercially available wrench can be carried out. The leveling is preferably carried out before the base element 8 with the locking element 4 is placed on the receiving element 6 . Due to the leveling, the overall height h 1 from the upper side of the carrier 12 to the upper edge of the receiving element 6 can be continuously adjusted between 2.4 and 3.2 cm. Overall, however, the overall height h 2 from the underside of the carrier 12 to the upper edge of the floor covering 10 can be less than 6 cm.

Hierzu wird zunächst festgestellt, auf welche Höhe die durch die Gummibuchse 6.3 gebildete Oberkante des Aufnahmeelements 6 eingestellt werden muss, damit ein ebener Fußboden entsteht. Daraufhin wird der Stellkörper 6.2 und damit die Oberkante der Gummibuchse 6.3 durch Drehen über den außenseitigen Sechskant-Querschnitt mittels eines Schraubenschlüssels über das Feingewinde 6.5 auf die erforderliche Höhe eingestellt.For this purpose, it is first determined to what height the upper edge of the receiving element 6 formed by the rubber bushing 6.3 must be set in order to create a level floor. The adjusting body 6.2 and thus the upper edge of the rubber bushing 6.3 are then set to the required height by turning the external hexagonal cross-section using a wrench via the fine thread 6.5.

Nach der Höheneinstellung der Anbindungsvorrichtung 2 wird lediglich noch das vormontierte Bodenelement 8 mit dem darauf angeordneten Bodenbelag 10 und mit dem Rastelement 4 montiert, indem das Rastelement 4 teilweise in die Aufnahme 6.3.1 der Gummibuchse 6.3 eingeführt wird, sodass durch den Rastvorsprung 4.2 eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit der Gummibuchse 6.3 entsteht, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Damit ist die Montage des entsprechenden Systems 1 abgeschlossen, ohne dass weitere Arbeitsschritte, wie das Herstellen von Beilagen erfolgen müssten. Der Fußboden ist fertig montiert und einsatzbereit, ohne dass Trockenzeiten aufgrund eines nun erst zu montierenden Bodenbelags abgewartet werden müssten.After the height of the connecting device 2 has been adjusted, only the pre-assembled floor element 8 with the floor covering 10 arranged on it and with the locking element 4 is fitted by inserting the locking element 4 partially into the receptacle 6.3.1 of the rubber bushing 6.3, so that the locking projection 4.2 creates a positive connection Connection with the rubber bushing 6.3 is made as in 1 shown. This completes the assembly of the corresponding system 1 without the need for further work steps, such as the production of inserts. The floor is fully assembled and ready for use, without having to wait for drying times due to a floor covering that has yet to be assembled.

Insbesondere bei größeren Bodenelementen werden bevorzugt mehrere der Anbindungsvorrichtungen 2 eingesetzt, um einen optimalen Lastübertrag zwischen Bodenelement 8 und Träger 12 zu ermöglichen. Beispielweise kann ein Bodenelement 8 entlang einer Linie in insbesondere regelmäßigen Abständen mehrere vormontierte Rastelemente 4 aufweisen. Dementsprechend weist der Träger 12 dann die dazugehörigen Aufnahmeelemente 6 auf, wie beispielhaft in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Hierbei werden mittels Senkschrauben 4.1 in definierten Abständen Rastelemente 4 an die Bodenplatte 8 vormontiert. Anschließend wird der Bodenbelag 10auf die Bodenplatte 8 geklebt.In the case of larger floor elements in particular, several of the connection devices 2 are preferably used in order to enable optimal load transfer between the floor element 8 and the carrier 12 . For example, a floor element 8 can have a plurality of pre-assembled latching elements 4 along a line, in particular at regular intervals. Accordingly, the carrier 12 then has the associated receiving elements 6, as shown by way of example in 2 shown. Here, locking elements 4 are pre-assembled on the base plate 8 at defined intervals by means of countersunk screws 4.1. The floor covering 10 is then glued to the floor panel 8 .

Wie oben ausgeführt weist jedes Aufnahmeelement 6 für die anschließende Nivellierung außenseitig einen Sechskant-Querschnitt auf, welche eine Aufbeziehungsweise Abwärtsverstellung der durch den Schwingungsdämpfer 6.3 bereitgestellten Auflagefläche über ein Feingewinde 6.5 ermöglicht. Weisen die in Fig. 2 beispielhaft dargestellten fünf Aufnahmeelemente 6 ein einheitliches Niveau auf, wird die vormontierte Bodenplatte 8 montiert, indem die Rastelemente 4 teilweise in die jeweilige Aufnahme 6.3.1 der gleichzeitig als Schwingungsdämpfer 6.3 dienenden Gummibuchse 6.3 hineingedrückt werden. Die Gummibuchse 6.3 ermöglicht somit eine Arretierung des vormontierten Bodenelements 8 und stellt zudem eine Dämpfung der Vibrationen des Trägers 12 sicher.As stated above, each receiving element 6 has a hexagonal cross-section on the outside for the subsequent leveling, which enables the bearing surface provided by the vibration damper 6.3 to be adjusted upwards or downwards via a fine thread 6.5. show the in 2 five receiving elements 6 shown as an example on a uniform level, the preassembled base plate 8 is mounted by the locking elements 4 are partially pressed into the respective receptacle 6.3.1 of the rubber bushing 6.3, which also serves as a vibration damper 6.3. The rubber bushing 6.3 thus enables the preassembled floor element 8 to be locked and also ensures that the vibrations of the carrier 12 are dampened.

Eine eventuelle Demontage kann analog durch Lösen der Clipsverbindungen erzielt werden, beispielsweise indem zunächst der Bodenbelag 10 an den Stellen, an denen Anbindungsvorrichtungen 2 angebracht sind, entfernt wird und anschließend die Clipsverbindung durch Lösen der Senkkopfschrauben 4.1 gelöst wird. Die Bodenplatte 8 kann anschließend entnommen werden.A possible dismantling can be achieved analogously by loosening the clip connections, for example by first removing the floor covering 10 at the points where connection devices 2 are attached and then loosening the clip connection by loosening the countersunk screws 4.1. The base plate 8 can then be removed.

Durch das System 1 kann im Ergebnis eine zeitsparende Montage eines ebenen Fußbodens erreicht werden.As a result of the system 1, a time-saving assembly of a level floor can be achieved.

Claims (18)

  1. Connecting device for connecting a floor element (8) to a support (12), comprising
    - a latching element (4) with a latching projection (4.2) and
    - a receiving element (6) with a receptacle (6.3.1) for at least partially receiving the latching projection (4.2) in a positive-locking manner, characterised
    - in that the receiving element (6) has a vibration damper (6.3) for reducing the transmission of vibrations to the floor element (8), and
    - in that the receiving element (6) is designed for levelling height deviations and comprises a continuously adjustable levelling mechanism for levelling height deviations.
  2. Connecting device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that the latching element (4) can be fastened or is fastened to the floor element (8) and the receiving element (6) can be fastened or is fastened to the support (12), wherein a mechanical connection can be produced or is produced between the floor element (8) and the support (12) by the positive-locking reception of the latching projection (4.2) in the receptacle (6.3.1).
  3. Connecting device according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that the latching projection (4.2) and the receptacle (6.3.1) form an in particular releasable clip connection.
  4. Connecting device according to one of the claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that the receiving element (6), in the region of the receptacle (6.3.1) for the latching projection (4.2), consists at least in sections of a flexible material and is designed in such a way that the receiving element (6) engages behind the latching projection (4.2) for positive-locking connection after at least partial insertion of the latching element (4) into the receptacle (6.3.1) of the receiving element (6).
  5. Connecting device according to one of the claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that the receptacle (6.3.1) of the receiving element (6) has an internal shape substantially complementary to the latching projection (4.2).
  6. Connecting device according to one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterised in that the vibration damper (6.3) of the receiving element (6) comprises a flexible element, in particular made of an elastomer, the flexible element preferably providing the receptacle (6.3.1) of the receiving element (6).
  7. Connecting device according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterised in that the levelling mechanism comprises a threaded connection (6.5).
  8. Connecting device according to claim 7,
    characterised in that the receiving element (6) comprises a base body (6.1) and an adjusting body (6.2) for forming the levelling mechanism, wherein in particular the base body (6.1) has an external thread and the adjusting body (6.2) has an internal thread for forming a threaded connection (6.5) of the levelling mechanism.
  9. Connecting device according to claim 8,
    characterised in that the base body (6.1) and/or the adjusting body (6.2) and optionally a cover (6.4) of the receiving element (6.4) form a receiving area (6.3.1) for the vibration damper (6.3).
  10. Connecting device according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterised in that the latching element (4) is made at least in sections of plastic or metal.
  11. System comprising
    - a floor element (8),
    - a support (12) and
    - a connecting device (2) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the floor element (8) can be connected or is connected to the support (12) by the connecting device (2).
  12. System according to claim 11,
    characterised in that the floor element (8) is a pre-assembled floor element (8), in particular a floor plate, wherein preferably on one side of the floor element (8) a latching element (4) is arranged and on an opposite side of the floor element (8) a floor covering (10) is arranged.
  13. System according to claim 11 or 12,
    characterised in that the latching element (4) comprises fastening means (4.1) for fastening to the floor element (8), wherein the latching element (4) in particular can be fastened or is fastened to the floor element (8) in such a way that the floor element (8) provides a substantially plane surface on the side opposite the latching element (4).
  14. System according to claim 13,
    characterised in that the fastening means (4.1) comprises a countersunk head screw, the countersunk head being countersunk in an opening of the floor element (8) and covered by a floor covering (10) arranged on the floor element (8).
  15. System according to one of claims 11 to 14,
    characterised in that the construction height (h1) from the upper side of the support to the upper edge of the receiving element (6) is at most 4 cm, preferably at most 3.2 cm.
  16. System according to one of claims 11 to 15,
    characterised in that the construction height (h2) from the lower side of the support to the upper edge of the floor covering (10) is at most 10 cm, preferably at most 8 cm, further preferably at most 6.5 cm.
  17. Use of a connecting device (2) according to one of claims 1 to 10 or of a system (1) according to one of claims 11 to 16 for a floor structure of a rail vehicle.
  18. Assembly method for connecting a floor element (8) to a support (12) with a connecting device (2) according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:
    - fastening the latching element (4) to the floor element (8),
    - fastening the receiving element (6) to the support (12),
    - levelling height differences by means of the receiving element (6), and
    - connecting the floor element (8) to the support (12) by at least partially fixing the latching projection (4.2) in a positive-locking manner in the receptacle (6.3.1) of the receiving element (6).
EP18214795.9A 2018-01-03 2018-12-20 Connecting device for connecting a base element to a support, system, a method of assembly and use Active EP3508393B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018100069.3A DE102018100069A1 (en) 2018-01-03 2018-01-03 Connecting device for connecting a floor element to a carrier, system, assembly method and use

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3508393A1 EP3508393A1 (en) 2019-07-10
EP3508393B1 true EP3508393B1 (en) 2022-06-22

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EP18214795.9A Active EP3508393B1 (en) 2018-01-03 2018-12-20 Connecting device for connecting a base element to a support, system, a method of assembly and use

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DE (1) DE102018100069A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112046513B (en) * 2020-09-08 2022-01-25 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Floor mounting seat supporting structure, floor supporting component and double-layer rail transit vehicle
FR3114793B1 (en) * 2020-10-06 2023-04-21 Speedinnov Decoupling assembly for a floor of a public transport vehicle, and associated mounting method
CN113788038A (en) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-14 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 Rail vehicle floor supporting seat

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD288130A5 (en) 1989-09-29 1991-03-21 Veb Fahrzeugruestung Berlin,De ELASTIC FLOOR FIXING, ESPECIALLY FOR HIGH-SPEED AND COMFORT TRAVEL VEHICLES
WO2000055510A1 (en) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-21 Siemens Sgp Verkehrstechnik Gmbh Height-adjustable support arranged between two parallel plates
DE19927006C2 (en) 1999-06-09 2001-05-10 Daimler Chrysler Ag Flooring for vehicles, in particular rail vehicles for the transportation of people
DE20002265U1 (en) 2000-02-09 2000-04-06 DWA Deutsche Waggonbau GmbH, 12526 Berlin Floor structure for vehicles, in particular rail vehicles
JP4476179B2 (en) * 2005-06-08 2010-06-09 日本車輌製造株式会社 Railcar floor structure
KR100822393B1 (en) * 2006-06-22 2008-04-15 이만익 Floor frame system with improved operation
DE102008034307A1 (en) * 2008-07-23 2010-02-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rail vehicle with height compensation for a floor panel
ES2622472T3 (en) * 2010-06-22 2017-07-06 Constellium Valais Sa Elastic joint element intended for floating assembly of an interior floor, interior floor panel equipped with a plurality of elastic joint elements and floating assembly process of a floor
DE102010036516B4 (en) 2010-07-20 2014-09-18 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Floor for vehicles and kit for a floor with a floor rail with a hollow profile
DE102010041196B4 (en) 2010-09-22 2014-09-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rail vehicle with floor support element
CN205632916U (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-10-12 烟台中集来福士海洋工程有限公司 Floor that this floor was supported is supported and uses on floor

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EP3508393A1 (en) 2019-07-10
DE102018100069A1 (en) 2019-07-04

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