EP3507232B1 - Grue à tour - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3507232B1
EP3507232B1 EP17765080.1A EP17765080A EP3507232B1 EP 3507232 B1 EP3507232 B1 EP 3507232B1 EP 17765080 A EP17765080 A EP 17765080A EP 3507232 B1 EP3507232 B1 EP 3507232B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tower
crane
counterboom
boom
accordance
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP17765080.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3507232A1 (fr
Inventor
Eric Konijn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
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Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
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Publication of EP3507232A1 publication Critical patent/EP3507232A1/fr
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Publication of EP3507232B1 publication Critical patent/EP3507232B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/28—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
    • B66C23/283—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of assembled elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/54—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with pneumatic or hydraulic motors, e.g. for actuating jib-cranes on tractors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
    • B66C23/76—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib and movable to take account of variations of load or of variations of length of jib

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tower crane, in particular a tower crane, with a crane tower composed of several tower pieces, with a main boom arranged on the crane tower top and with a counter-jib.
  • Tower cranes are often used for particularly high lifting heights and heavy loads.
  • the construction of wind turbines in particular requires large lifting heights and high load capacities. It is desirable to install the hubs of wind turbines at ever greater heights for efficiency reasons. However, the maximum possible installation height is limited by the available lifting equipment.
  • the object of the present invention is to show a new crane structure that allows larger loads and greater lifting heights, but such a crane should, if possible, not be connected to the structure and its transport and assembly should be as easy and quick as possible.
  • US 2003/183594 A1 discloses the preamble of claim 1. This task is solved by a tower crane according to the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the tower crane are the subject of the dependent subclaims following the main claim.
  • a tower crane in particular a tower crane, particularly preferably a top slewing crane, is proposed with a crane tower composed of several tower pieces, at the top of which a main boom and a counter-jib are arranged.
  • the novel tower crane is characterized in that a main hoist rope is guided on the main boom to pick up the load and at least one counter-jib hoist rope is guided over the counter-jib to pick up a balancing weight.
  • a load to be lifted is usually picked up via the main hoist rope.
  • the counter-boom hoist rope of the counter-jib is used to ballast the crane with the necessary compensation or counter-ballast for the desired load lift. This is preferably done by accommodating conventional counter-ballast elements or plates, which no longer have to be laboriously mounted on the counter-boom, but can be easily picked up from the base using the counter-boom lifting cable.
  • the design according to the invention allows the center of gravity of the counter-ballast to be positioned significantly lower during crane operation, which, among other things, brings significant advantages in the dimensioning of the crane, so that ultimately higher lifting heights and larger load capacities can be achieved.
  • the counterweight that is to be lifted on the counter boom must be adjusted using the load lift.
  • the optimal rule is that the load picked up by the main boom multiplied by the distance of the load pick-up point (crane hook of the main boom) to the center of the tower corresponds to the product of the balance weight and the distance of the pick-up point (crane hook of the counter-jib) to the center of the tower.
  • the counterweight is picked up using the counter-boom hoist rope preferably via a load hook, but alternative load-carrying devices are also conceivable.
  • the crane tower can ideally be designed as a top-slewing crane.
  • the crane tower can be supported on the ground using an undercarriage or a connecting piece embedded in concrete.
  • the counter-jib is arranged in a luffing manner on the tower top of the crane.
  • a luffing storage of the main boom on the crane tower is also conceivable. Thanks to the luffing main boom, the corresponding lifting height can be variably adjusted or the distance of the load picked up from the crane tower can be changed.
  • the luffing counter-jib it is also possible to flexibly adjust the distance between the counter-ballast weight and the crane tower, resulting in a particularly flexible ballast option for the entire tower crane.
  • the crane tower comprises at least one climbing piece that allows the crane tower to be lengthened or shortened during crane operation.
  • the climbing piece one or more additional tower pieces can be attached or removed from the top of the tower during crane operation, allowing the crane tower to grow as construction progresses.
  • at least the counter-jib or the main boom, preferably both booms are mounted on the climbing piece so that it can be rocked.
  • the climbing piece represents the top of the crane tower during crane operation.
  • the climbing piece can be rotated about a vertical axis of rotation relative to the remaining tower pieces of the crane tower.
  • a corresponding rotary bearing in the climbing piece enables rotational movement relative to the tower over the entire length of the tower.
  • one or more consoles are mounted on the side of the climbing piece. It is particularly preferred to mount one or more consoles on the front and back of the tower crane or the climbing piece, i.e. on the side surfaces of the climbing piece lying transversely to the rocking plane.
  • Such consoles can also be designed to accommodate one or more drive units of the crane. Corresponding drive units are used, for example, to drive the lifting winches installed on the boom system and/or the slewing gear and/or climbing drive of the climbing piece. Additionally or alternatively, one or more control boxes for controlling the built-in hydraulics or electrics of the crane can be installed in at least one of the consoles. It is also conceivable to accommodate one or more hydraulic tanks within the consoles.
  • the climbing piece can ideally be displaced in the vertical direction by means of a hydraulic drive, particularly preferably by means of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • a hydraulic drive particularly preferably by means of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • one or more stops are provided per tower section so that the assembled Tower has a plurality of preferably equally spaced stops in the axial direction.
  • the main boom and/or counter boom can be guyed using separate bracing.
  • the luffing angle of the boom can preferably be adjusted via the respective guy wiring, which can ideally be operated using a winch.
  • at least two guy stands are provided on the climbing piece, each guy stand being connected to the corresponding guy wiring of the main boom or the counter-jib.
  • one guy stand is connected to a guy line of the main boom, while the second guy stand is connected to a guy line of the counter boom.
  • At least one, preferably all guy stands are pivotally mounted on the consoles of the climbing piece.
  • the guy frame of the main boom is pivotally mounted on the console accommodating the main boom.
  • the additional guy frame of the counter-jib which is pivotally attached to the console for storing the counter-jib.
  • the guy stands can be connected to one another via a length-adjustable connection, in particular stranding.
  • the length-adjustable connection allows the angle of the respective guy frames to be adjusted.
  • the length adjustment of the connecting stranding of the guy stands can preferably be done using a lifting winch.
  • alternative adjustment drives are conceivable.
  • the main boom and/or counter-jib can be luffed downwards so that they rest almost parallel to the side of the crane tower. This is preferably done by lowering the respective guy cables and correspondingly lengthening the cable connecting the guy frames. As a result, both booms are pivoted downwards towards the crane tower until they are almost parallel to it.
  • This crane state represents a particularly advantageous decommissioning position of the crane in order to reduce its area exposed to wind as much as possible to reduce. This makes it possible to leave the crane erected even at higher wind speeds.
  • the move into the decommissioning position is preferably carried out by first lowering the two guy strands until the main boom and counter-jib are luffed as flat as possible, i.e. both booms are in an almost horizontal position. In this state, the bolting between the guy frames is then loosened and the stranding is extended accordingly so that the two booms pivot downwards towards the crane tower.
  • At least one auxiliary boom can be arranged on the counter-jib; an additional auxiliary boom is preferably pivotably mounted on the outer tip of the counter-jib.
  • at least one auxiliary hoist rope is guided over the auxiliary boom.
  • the hoist rope of the counter-jib is temporarily guided over the auxiliary jib for use.
  • the design with a separate auxiliary hoist rope for the auxiliary boom is preferred.
  • the auxiliary boom ideally serves to hold one or more tower pieces in order to be able to insert them into the climbing piece for the climbing process of the crane tower.
  • the counter-jib and auxiliary jib can be pivoted in such a way that the auxiliary hoist rope or the tower piece picked up thereby can be moved to a position above the climbing piece.
  • the counter-jib is positioned almost vertically and the auxiliary jib is pivoted over the top of the tower.
  • At least one collar can be mounted around the crane tower.
  • the at least one collar provides corresponding assembly points for connecting one or more bracings, which start from the collar in the direction of any fixation points on the crane base or a crane undercarriage.
  • This additional bracing of the crane tower allows the maximum lifting height or crane tower length to be increased.
  • the bracing used preferably consists at least partially of rope and/or sheet metal material.
  • the crane according to the invention comprises a crane tower 1 composed of several tower pieces 11.
  • the crane tower 1 is supported on the ground by means of an undercarriage 2.
  • an undercarriage 2 As an alternative to the undercarriage, a concrete-encased connecting piece (not shown) could also be used.
  • a rotatable and climbable climbing piece 3 is mounted around the tower 1 at the top of the tower.
  • the climbing piece 3 is vertical along the tower 1 by means of a or more hydraulic cylinders 31 can be moved.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 31 is supported in suitable stops 12 of the tower 1. Using the rotating climbing piece, the crane becomes a top slewing device.
  • Two consoles 4, 5 are mounted on both sides of the climbing piece 3, in which the drive units, control boxes and hydraulic tanks of the crane are installed.
  • the console 5 attached to the front of the climbing piece 3 accommodates the main boom 6, which is mounted on the console 5 in a rockerable manner in the bearing point 51.
  • the main boom 6 is assembled from several boom pieces 61 and therefore has a variable length.
  • a hoist winch 62 is mounted on the main boom 6 for storing and operating the hoist rope 63, to which the load hook 64 is attached to pick up the load.
  • the counter-jib 7 is pivotally mounted on the console 4 at the bearing point 41. which is mounted on the back of the climbing piece 3.
  • a lifting winch 72 is also mounted on the counter boom 7, on which the additional lifting rope 73 is stored.
  • the load hook 74 is actuated with the lifting rope 73.
  • the counter boom 7 serves to balance the load absorbed by the main boom 6. In this way, a complex assembly of the ballast weight on the counter-jib is no longer necessary; instead, the ballast elements can simply be picked up via the crane hook 74. This method allows a lower center of gravity for the entire crane.
  • an auxiliary boom 8 is mounted on the counter-boom 7 and is pivotably mounted at the tip of the counter-boom 7.
  • the auxiliary boom 8 also has its own lifting winch 81 with lifting rope 82 and load hook 83.
  • the Auxiliary boom 8 can be hydraulically adjusted relative to the counter boom 7 via the cylinder 84.
  • the auxiliary boom 8 is used, among other things, for “climbing", which will be discussed later in the description of the climbing process.
  • guy stands 9, 10 are pivotably mounted on both consoles 4, 5.
  • the trestles 9, 10 are connected by means of a connection 11 and serve to move the booms 6, 7 into an “out of service position”. This process will also be described in detail later.
  • the trestles 9, 10 can be moved by means of a lifting winch 91 and a lifting cable 92, i.e. they can be pivoted relative to the consoles 4, 5.
  • the trestles 9, 10 are connected to one another.
  • the main boom 6 is connected to the trestle 10 by means of the guying 65.
  • the length of the bracing 65 can be adjusted using a cable winch, whereby the horizontal distance between the load hook 64 and tower 1 can be changed.
  • the main boom rotates around the bearing point 51 and a rocking movement of the boom 6 occurs.
  • This also applies to the counter-jib 7, which is connected to the trestle 9 by means of bracing 75.
  • the counter-jib 7 is rocked around the bearing point 41 and the horizontal distance between the load hook 74 and tower 1 changes.
  • the climbing process proceeds as follows.
  • a new tower section 11a is lifted with the auxiliary boom 8 and load hook 83 ( Figure 2 ).
  • the distance between the load hook 83 and the center of the tower is reduced.
  • the auxiliary boom 8 is designed like a portal, the tower section 11a is "rocked" by the auxiliary boom 8 and placed above the remaining tower 1 ( Figure 3 ).
  • the tower piece 11a can be mounted in the area of the climbing piece 3 on the top lattice piece of the crane tower 1 ( Figure 3 ).
  • the climbing piece can be done 3 use the hydraulic cylinder 31 to push up the entire unit ( Figure 4 ).
  • a collar 13 is mounted around the tower 1, as shown in Figure 5 is shown.
  • a bracing 14 is mounted between the collar 13 and the base points 21 of the undercarriage 2.
  • the bracing 14 usually consists of rope or sheet material and is prestressed. Since the crane is now more stable, the crane can be raised with additional tower pieces 11.
  • the crane If the crane is to be temporarily taken out of operation, it is placed in a special "out of service position" in order to reduce the resulting wind attack area of the entire crane structure as much as possible. This means that the crane can be set up even at higher wind speeds.
  • To do this first extend the two boom bracings 65, 75 in order to rock the main and counter booms 6, 7 as flat as possible (see Fig. Figure 6 ). For static reasons, the arms 6, 7 should assume a horizontal position.
  • the connection 11 between the trestles 9, 10 is then released and by further lowering the hoist rope 92 using the hoist winch 91, the position of the trestles 9, 10 and thus the position of the booms 6, 7 are changed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Grue à tour, en particulier grue à tour pivotante, comportant une flèche principale (6) disposée au sommet de la tour ainsi qu'une contre-flèche (7), dans laquelle sont guidés, par le biais de la flèche principale (6), au moins un câble de levage principal (63) pour la réception de charge et, par le biais de la contre-flèche (7), au moins un câble de levage de contre-flèche (73) pour la réception d'un contrepoids,
    dans laquelle sont montés, sur la flèche principale (6), un treuil de levage (62) destiné à stocker et actionner le câble de levage principal (63) auquel est accroché le crochet porte-charge (64) destiné à recevoir la charge et, sur la contre-flèche (7), un treuil de levage (72), sur lequel est stocké l'autre câble de levage de contre-flèche (73) destiné à actionner le crochet porte-charge (74),
    caractérisée en ce que
    la grue à tour comporte une tour de grue (1) assemblée à partir de plusieurs éléments de tour, en ce que la tour de grue (1) comprend au moins un élément grimpant (3) sur lequel la contre-flèche (7) et/ou la flèche principale (6) sont reçues de manière à pouvoir basculer et en ce qu'une ou plusieurs consoles (4, 5) sont montées latéralement sur l'élément grimpant (3), de préférence respectivement une console sur le côté avant et sur le côté arrière de l'élément grimpant situés dans le plan de basculement, la flèche principale (6) et/ou la contre-flèche (6) étant montées pivotantes sur lesdites consoles.
  2. Grue à tour selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un élément de lest destiné au lestage de la contre-flèche (7) peut être reçu par le biais du câble de levage de contre-flèche (73).
  3. Grue à tour selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la contre-flèche (7) et de préférence la flèche principale (6) sont disposées au sommet de la tour de manière à pouvoir basculer.
  4. Grue à tour selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément grimpant (3) peut être déplacé dans la direction verticale au moyen d'un vérin hydraulique, le vérin hydraulique pouvant de préférence être soutenu dans des butées de la tour de grue (1) ménagées à cet effet.
  5. Grue à tour selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un ou plusieurs ensembles d'entraînement et/ou coffrets de commande et/ou réservoirs hydrauliques sont installés à l'intérieur d'au moins une des consoles (4, 5).
  6. Grue à tour selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins deux chevalets de haubanage sont ménagés sur l'élément grimpant (3), au moins un chevalet de haubanage (10) étant relié à un câblage de haubanage (65) de la flèche principale (6) et au moins un autre chevalet de haubanage (9) étant relié à un câblage de haubanage (75) de la contre-flèche (7), un chevalet de haubanage étant de préférence respectivement monté rotatif sur une console de l'élément en treillis, le chevalet de haubanage (10) de la flèche principale (6) étant de manière particulièrement préférée monté sur la console recevant la flèche principale (6) et le chevalet de haubanage (9) de la contre-flèche (7) sur la console recevant la contre-flèche (7).
  7. Grue à tour selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que les chevalets de haubanage (9, 10) sont reliés l'un à l'autre par le biais d'une liaison réglable en longueur, de préférence un câblage.
  8. Grue à tour selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la flèche principale (6) et la contre-flèche (7) peuvent être basculées vers le bas de manière à s'appliquer latéralement contre la tour de grue (1) presque parallèlement à celle-ci, de préférence en abaissant les câblages de haubanage respectifs et allongeant le câblage reliant les chevalets de haubanage (6, 7).
  9. Grue à tour selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément grimpant (3) comprend un palier rotatif pour faire tourner l'élément grimpant sur un axe de rotation vertical par rapport à la grue de tour (1).
  10. Grue à tour selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une fléchette (8) est ménagée sur la contre-flèche (7), la fléchette (8) étant en particulier montée pivotante sur la pointe de la contre-flèche, au moins un câble de levage de fléchette étant guidé par le biais de la fléchette.
  11. Grue à tour selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que le câble de levage de fléchette ou la pointe de la fléchette peuvent être pivotés par le biais de l'élément grimpant de la tour de grue afin d'insérer un ou plusieurs éléments en treillis reçus au moyen du câble de levage de fléchette (82) dans l'élément grimpant.
  12. Grue à tour selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisée en ce que la fléchette (8) peut être pivotée par rapport à la contre-flèche (7) au moyen d'au moins un entraînement, en particulier au moins un vérin hydraulique (84).
  13. Grue à tour selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une collerette (13) est ou peut être montée autour de la tour de grue (1), un haubanage (14) peut être tendu entre d'éventuels points de fixation de la base de grue ou du boggie de grue et la collerette (13), ledit haubanage étant de préférence constitué au moins en partie de matériau en câble et/ou en tôle.
EP17765080.1A 2016-09-15 2017-09-12 Grue à tour Active EP3507232B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016011179.8A DE102016011179A1 (de) 2016-09-15 2016-09-15 Turmkran
PCT/EP2017/001077 WO2018050278A1 (fr) 2016-09-15 2017-09-12 Grue à tour

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3507232A1 EP3507232A1 (fr) 2019-07-10
EP3507232B1 true EP3507232B1 (fr) 2024-02-28

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EP17765080.1A Active EP3507232B1 (fr) 2016-09-15 2017-09-12 Grue à tour

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10934140B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3507232B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109803915B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016011179A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018050278A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019101305A1 (de) * 2019-01-18 2020-07-23 Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh Modulare Schlitzwandfräse
CN111762699A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-13 中建三局集团有限公司 一种安全型塔式起重机及其实施方法
CN113264459A (zh) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-17 湖南三一塔式起重机械有限公司 塔式起重机及其顶升配平方法
CN117185151B (zh) * 2023-09-15 2024-07-02 惠州市国祥粮食加工有限公司 一种室外用粮食吊运装置

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US20030183594A1 (en) * 2002-03-26 2003-10-02 Manuel Torres Martinez Crane for the assembly of wind turbines and assembly procedure
JP2008030905A (ja) * 2006-07-28 2008-02-14 Ishikawajima Transport Machinery Co Ltd クライミングクレーン

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DE102016011179A1 (de) 2018-03-15
US20190256330A1 (en) 2019-08-22
WO2018050278A1 (fr) 2018-03-22
CN109803915A (zh) 2019-05-24
US10934140B2 (en) 2021-03-02
EP3507232A1 (fr) 2019-07-10

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