EP3504017B1 - Coloured curable composition for additive manufacturing processes, 3-dim composite article and use thereof - Google Patents
Coloured curable composition for additive manufacturing processes, 3-dim composite article and use thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3504017B1 EP3504017B1 EP17755625.5A EP17755625A EP3504017B1 EP 3504017 B1 EP3504017 B1 EP 3504017B1 EP 17755625 A EP17755625 A EP 17755625A EP 3504017 B1 EP3504017 B1 EP 3504017B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dye
- curable composition
- dim
- moiety
- composition
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 149
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 61
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- JNELGWHKGNBSMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N xanthone Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 JNELGWHKGNBSMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DVBBISJAJQFOCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphtho[1,2-h]quinoline-1,2-dione Chemical group C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(N=CC(C1=O)=O)=C1C=C2 DVBBISJAJQFOCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical group [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001644 phenoxazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 88
- -1 acryloxy" group Chemical group 0.000 description 48
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 27
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 14
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 101150050192 PIGM gene Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 6
- HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 5
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 5
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 5
- HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 4
- SVTDYSXXLJYUTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N disperse red 9 Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC SVTDYSXXLJYUTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- LJFWQNJLLOFIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N solvent violet 13 Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(O)C2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O LJFWQNJLLOFIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-trimethylphenanthrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C2C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1C MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IBABXJRXGSAJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(2,6-diethyl-4-methylanilino)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C)=CC(CC)=C1NC(C=1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=11)=CC=C1NC1=C(CC)C=C(C)C=C1CC IBABXJRXGSAJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical group C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [phenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphoryl]-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical group CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical class O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ULYAQFDBACQQGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexylamino)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(NCC(CC)CCCC)=CC=C2NCC(CC)CCCC ULYAQFDBACQQGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCQDPIXQTSYZJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(butylamino)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(NCCCC)=CC=C2NCCCC OCQDPIXQTSYZJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUUJTYPMICHIEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(ethylamino)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(NCC)=CC=C2NCC JUUJTYPMICHIEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZKIVUFFTMWIBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-bis(4-methylanilino)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC(NC=3C=CC(C)=CC=3)=C1C2=O ZKIVUFFTMWIBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWQIGAJDKXZJTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(cyclohexylamino)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1NC1CCCCC1 BWQIGAJDKXZJTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005968 1-Decanol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYQASEVIBPSPMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HYQASEVIBPSPMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C=C LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- INQDDHNZXOAFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C INQDDHNZXOAFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3,5,5-trimethyl-6-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxycarbonylamino]hexyl]carbamoyloxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CNC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C UEKHZPDUBLCUHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 2
- VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZNJMLVCIZGWSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3',6'-bis(diethylamino)spiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(N(CC)CC)C=C1OC1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C21 DZNJMLVCIZGWSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OALHHIHQOFIMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3',6'-dihydroxy-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodo-3h-spiro[2-benzofuran-1,9'-xanthene]-3-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 OALHHIHQOFIMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl Chemical group [CH2]CCO QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMPCGOAFZFKBGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-(4-methyliminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-n,n-dimethylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(=NC)C=CC1=C(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 AMPCGOAFZFKBGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHWGFJBTMHEZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-prop-2-enoyloxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCOC(=O)C=C JHWGFJBTMHEZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VJUKWPOWHJITTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 81-39-0 Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C2C3=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C3=CC(=O)N2C VJUKWPOWHJITTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXAFJUDTZSMEFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Celestin blue B Chemical compound [Cl-].CCN(CC)c1ccc2nc3c(cc(O)c(O)c3[o+]c2c1)C(N)=O VXAFJUDTZSMEFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- FHNINJWBTRXEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sudan III Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 FHNINJWBTRXEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQHMGFSAURFQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-hydroxy-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C OQHMGFSAURFQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DBZJJPROPLPMSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoeosin Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C21 DBZJJPROPLPMSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ADAUKUOAOMLVSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallocyanin Chemical compound [Cl-].OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C2=[O+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 ADAUKUOAOMLVSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- VKWNTWQXVLKCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-1-[(4-phenyldiazenylphenyl)diazenyl]naphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound CCNC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 VKWNTWQXVLKCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NRBKWAQSLYBVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N solvent red 26 Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N=NC1=CC(C)=C(N=NC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2O)C=C1C NRBKWAQSLYBVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MDDUHVRJJAFRAU-YZNNVMRBSA-N tert-butyl-[(1r,3s,5z)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-5-(2-diphenylphosphorylethylidene)-4-methylidenecyclohexyl]oxy-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=C)\C1=C/CP(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MDDUHVRJJAFRAU-YZNNVMRBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- YNXCGLKMOXLBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolan-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CCCO1 YNXCGLKMOXLBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DMDPGPKXQDIQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOC DMDPGPKXQDIQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113115 polyethylene glycol 200 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005650 polypropylene glycol diacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003847 radiation curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- RCTGMCJBQGBLKT-PAMTUDGESA-N scarlet red Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1\N=N\C(C=C1C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=C(O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C12 RCTGMCJBQGBLKT-PAMTUDGESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940033816 solvent red 27 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MUTNCGKQJGXKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tamibarotene Chemical compound C=1C=C2C(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)C2=CC=1NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 MUTNCGKQJGXKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003509 tertiary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A61C7/12—Brackets; Arch wires; Combinations thereof; Accessories therefor
- A61C7/14—Brackets; Fixing brackets to teeth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08F220/20—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or phenols, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate or glycerol mono-(meth)acrylate
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- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coloured curable composition for use in an additive manufacturing process.
- the curable composition comprises at least 2 dyes, wherein one dye has a light absorption maximum within a wave length range from 400 to 530 nm and the other dye has a light absorption maximum within a wave length range from 540 to 650 nm.
- the curable composition facilitates the production of 3-dim article with high accuracy. Once processed, the cured composition has an essentially deep coloured, nearly black appearance.
- Additive manufacturing processes are becoming increasingly popular for producing 3-dim articles in various areas of technology, including the dental and orthodontic area.
- the curable compositions used for producing the 3-dim articles typically contain a curable resin, a photo initiator, a high boiling additive and a dye.
- WO 2014/078537 A1 (Sun et al. ) describes a three-dimensional fabrication material system for producing dental products.
- the composition for making a three-dimensional dental prosthesis comprises a mixture of (meth)acrylate, an inorganic filler, an organic filler, a silicone-acrylic-based rubber impact modifier, pigments and light initiators.
- WO 2013/153183 A2 (Wachter et al. ) describes a composite resin composition and method for producing dental components by means of stereo-lithography.
- the composite resin composition contains a) at least one poly-reactive binder, b) a first photopolymerization initiator with an absorption maximum at a wavelength of less than 400 nm, c) a second photo polymerization initiator with an absorption maximum of at least 400 nm, and d) an absorber with an absorption maximum at a wavelength of less than 400 nm for the SLA production of a dental formed component on the basis of a composite resin.
- US 2008/0287564 A1 describes a biocompatible, low-viscosity radiation-curable formulation for producing medical products, in particular adaptive ear pieces, otoplastic parts, shells or ear parts, by means of PNP methods or stereolithographic methods, wherein the critical energy to penetration depth is adjusted by adding small quantities of anaerobic inhibitors such as phenothiazine or DPPH.
- US 2014/0072712 A1 (Xu ) describes opaque inks for use with a three dimensional printing system comprising 10-95 wt.% polymerizable component and 3-25 wt.% nonreactive wax component.
- Another issue relates to the orientation of the 3-dim article on the building platform during the manufacturing process.
- the 3-dim article typically has to have a certain orientation on the building platform.
- the 3-dim article should have sufficient strength after having been processed in an additive manufacturing process.
- the curable composition can be incinerated without leaving residues.
- At least one of the above objects can be achieved by the curable composition described in the present text and the claims.
- the present invention features a composition comprising a coloured curable composition for use in an additive manufacturing process, the composition comprising
- the invention relates to a process of producing the curable composition as described in the present text and the claims.
- kits of parts and a cartridge containing the curable composition described in the present text and the claims are disclosed.
- the invention features a process of producing a 3-dim composite article by an additive manufacturing technique as described in the present text.
- the invention is also directed to a 3-dim composite article obtained or obtainable according to such a process.
- a further aspect of the invention is directed to a process of producing a 3-dim cast article comprising the steps of
- a “hardenable component or material” or “polymerizable component” is any component which can be cured or solidified in the presence of a photo initiator by radiation-induced polymerization.
- a hardenable component may contain only one, two, three or more polymerizable groups.
- Typical examples of polymerizable groups include unsaturated carbon groups, such as a vinyl group being present i.a. in a (methyl)acrylate group.
- a “photo initiator” is a substance being able to start or initiate the curing process of a hardenable composition in the presence of radiation, in particular light (wave length from 300 to 700 nm).
- a "monomer” is any chemical substance which can be characterized by a chemical formula, bearing polymerizable groups (including (meth)acrylate groups) which can be polymerized to oligomers or polymers thereby increasing the molecular weight.
- the molecular weight of monomers can usually simply be calculated based on the chemical formula given.
- (meth)acryl is a shorthand term referring to "acryl” and/or "methacryl".
- a “curing, hardening or setting reaction” is used interchangeable and refers to a reaction wherein physical properties such as viscosity and hardness of a composition changes over the time due to a chemical reaction between the individual components.
- the term "dental or orthodontic article” means any article which is to be used in the dental or orthodontic field, especially for producing a dental restoration, orthodontic devices, a tooth model and parts thereof.
- dental articles include crowns, bridges, inlays, onlays, veneers, facings, copings, crown and bridged framework, implants, abutments, dental milling blocks, monolithic dental restorations and parts thereof.
- Examples of orthodontic articles include brackets, buccal tubes, cleats and buttons and parts thereof.
- a dental or orthodontic article should not contain components which are detrimental to the patient's health and thus free of hazardous and toxic components being able to migrate out of the dental or orthodontic article.
- a "transparent material” lets light pass through according to Snell's law (classical law of refraction). So, a picture can be seen in its details through a platelet of a transparent material.
- a "translucent material” lets light partially permeate through although it is not fully transparent, i.e. showing a significant volume scattering of the transmitted light.
- the reciprocal property of translucency is opacity (O).
- Opacity can be measured by various means: in transmission, in remission, and in remission using the contrast ratio method.
- additive manufacturing means processes used to make 3-dimensional articles.
- An example of an additive manufacturing technique is stereolithography (SLA) in which successive layers of material are laid down and radiation cured under computer control.
- SLA stereolithography
- the articles can be of almost any shape or geometry and are produced from a 3-dimensional model or other electronic data source.
- Other examples of additive manufacturing processes or techniques include 3d-printing.
- Ambient conditions mean the conditions which the composition described in the present text is usually subjected to during storage and handling.
- Ambient conditions may, for example, be a pressure of 900 to 1100 mbar, a temperature of 10 to 40 °C and a relative humidity of 10 to 100 %. In the laboratory ambient conditions are typically adjusted to 20 to 25 °C and 1000 to 1025 mbar.
- a composition is "essentially or substantially free of' a certain component, if the composition does not contain said component as an essential feature. Thus, said component is not wilfully added to the composition either as such or in combination with other components or ingredient of other components.
- a composition being essentially free of a certain component usually does not contain that component at all. However, sometimes the presence of a small amount of the said component is not avoidable e.g. due to impurities contained in the raw materials used.
- additive(s) means one additive and more additives (e.g. 2, 3, 4, etc.).
- the curable composition described in the present text provides a number of advantageous features.
- the curable composition has a specific colouration and is well suited for being processed by an additive manufacturing process like SLA-printing.
- the curable composition can be processed in an additive manufacturing process applying wave lengths in the range from 365 to 405 nm independent from the devices used for conducting the manufacturing process (e.g. whether it is a digital light processing process ("DLP") or a wiper process, i.e. a process using a scraper).
- DLP digital light processing process
- wiper process i.e. a process using a scraper
- curable composition described in the present text can be processed essentially on any kind of additive manufacturing equipment using light curing.
- the curable composition and the 3-dim articles produced therefrom are completely combustible. That is, after a burn-out process no residues are left which may negatively influence a later casting process (so-called “lost wax process” or “investment casting process”).
- the curable composition facilitates the building of precise structures, even if the structures are small (e.g. have a size below 10 mm in each dimension.
- the particular composition of different dyes allows to control the penetration of light (in particular UV-light) into the curable and cured composition. By doing the risk of over-curing or curing of non-desired regions of the curable composition can be reduced.
- a deep purple colourized UV light curable (meth)acrylate based resin composition is useful for the production of accurate 3-dim printed articles.
- the printed articles appears to have a black surface.
- One important process step is the manual removal or separation of the support geometry from the desired 3-dim article.
- remaining printing artefacts or support structure elements can not only be easily visually detected but also easily removed from the 3-dim article, e.g. by shaping, milling, grinding or polishing means. It has been observed that the dust produced by the removal process is brighter than the underneath surface of the 3-dim article. Thus, the practitioner can easily determine on which parts of the surface of the 3-dim article a removal process has been done. It was found that this effect can be enhanced if the particle size of the dust is reduced. This is advantageous also if the shape of the 3-dim article should be adapted for other reasons.
- curable composition described in the present text provides the practitioner with more freedom how to orient the 3-dim article to be produced on the building platform of an additive manufacturing machine (in particular SLA printer).
- the 3-dim articles can be produced in essentially any desired orientation, e.g. vertical or horizontal without negatively affecting the accuracy of the printing results to a non-acceptable extent. This can help to produce more 3-dim articles at the same time as more 3-dim articles can be arranged on the building platform.
- the curable composition described in the present text can be characterized by one or more of the following properties:
- the viscosity of the curable composition should not be too high. A sufficiently low viscosity may facilitate the production of filigree parts.
- the curable composition is essentially neutral, i.e. the pH value - if brought in contact with water - is typically within a range from 6-8.
- the curable composition Due to the absence of inorganic fillers and pigments, the curable composition is fully combustible. That is, essentially no residues are left if the composition is heated to a temperature of 600 to 900 °C.
- the curable composition Due to the presence of at least two dyes which show absorption bands in the visible spectrum, the curable composition is deeply coloured, i.e. it has a low transparency. This facilitates the controlling of the light during the printing process. However, the curable composition is typically not opaque.
- the curable composition described in the present text is much more coloured. This allows the production of 3-dim composite articles being deeply coloured as well.
- the resin of the chemical composition comprises one or more radiation curable components, one or more photo initiators and a dye composition comprising at least one dye D1 having a light absorption band in the blue/green spectral range and at least one dye D2 having a light absorption band in the green/yellow spectral range. Further, the dye(s) may have additional absorption bands in the UV region of the spectral range.
- the radiation curable components can be characterized by one or more of the following features:
- a low viscosity can facilitate the production process of the curable composition and may be beneficial for dissolving the other components contained in the composition.
- the curable resin composition may comprise one or more radiation curable components as part of a resin composition.
- the curable resin composition may comprise at least two, three or four different kinds of radiation curable components.
- the radiation curable components typically comprise a backbone to which the radiation curable moieties are attached or bonded.
- the radiation curable components typically comprise one or more (meth)acrylate(s) moieties as reactive group(s) or moiety.
- the radiation curable component(s) comprise a backbone and reactive groups, wherein the radiation curable component(s) is typically characterized by one or more of the following features:
- the (meth)acrylate(s) have free radically active functional groups and includes monomers, oligomers, and polymers having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups.
- the number of polymerizable groups can be in a range of 2 to 6 or even higher. In many embodiments, the number of polymerizable groups is in a range of 2 to 5 or 2 to 4.
- the polymerizable groups are typically (meth)acryloyl groups.
- Exemplary monomers with two (meth)acryloyl groups include 1,2-ethanediol diacrylate, 1,3-propanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,12-dodecanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, butylene glycol diacrylate, bisphenol A diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polypropylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene/polypropylene copolymer diacrylate, polybutadiene di(meth)acrylate, propoxylated glycerin tri(meth)acrylate, and neopentylglycol hydroxypivalate diacrylate modified caprolactone.
- Exemplary monomers with three or four (meth)acryloyl groups include, but are not limited to, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (e.g., commercially available under the trade designation TMPTA-N from Cytec Industries, Inc. (Smyrna, GA, USA) and under the trade designation SR-351 from Sartomer (Exton, PA, USA)), pentaerythritol triacrylate (e.g., commercially available under the trade designation SR-444 from Sartomer), ethoxylated (3) trimethylolpropane triacrylate (e.g., commercially available under the trade designation SR-454 from Sartomer), ethoxylated (4) pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (e.g., commercially available under the trade designation SR-494 from Sartomer), tris(2-hydroxyethylisocyanurate) triacrylate (e.g., commercially available under the trade designation SR-368 from Sartomer), a mixture
- Exemplary monomers with five or six (meth)acryloyl groups include, but are not limited to, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate (e.g., commercially available under the trade designation SR-399 from Sartomer) and a hexa-functional urethane acrylate (e.g., commercially available under the trade designation CN975 from Sartomer).
- the radiation curable component is a polar monomer.
- polar monomer refers to a monomer having a free radical polymerizable group and a polar group.
- the polar group is non-acidic and often contains a hydroxyl group, a primary amido group, a secondary amido group, a tertiary amido group, an amino group, or an ether group (i.e., a group containing at least one alkylene-oxyalkylene group of formula -R-O-R- where each R is an alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms).
- Suitable optional polar monomers having a hydroxyl group include, but are not limited to, hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates (e.g., 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, and 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate), and hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylamides (e.g., 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide or 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylamide), ethoxylated hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate (e.g., monomers commercially available from Sartomer (Exton, PA, USA) under the trade designation CD570, CD571, and CD572), and aryloxy substituted hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates (e.g., 2-hydroxy-2-phenoxypropyl (meth)acrylate).
- hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates e.g., 2-hydroxyethyl
- Exemplary polar monomers with a primary amido group include (meth)acrylamide.
- Exemplary polar monomers with secondary amido groups include, but are not limited to, N-alkyl (meth)acrylamides such as N-methyl (meth)acrylamide, N-ethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-isopropyl (meth)acrylamide, N-tert-octyl (meth)acrylamide, and N-octyl (meth)acrylamide.
- Exemplary polar monomers with a tertiary amido group include, but are not limited to, N-vinyl caprolactam, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, (meth)acryloyl morpholine, and N,N-dialkyl (meth)acrylamides such as N,N-dimethyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-diethyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dipropyl (meth)acrylamide, and N,N-dibutyl (meth)acrylamide.
- Polar monomers with an amino group include various N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates and N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides.
- Examples include, but are not limited to, N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-diethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, and N,N-diethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide.
- Exemplary polar monomers with an ether group include, but are not limited to, alkoxylated alkyl (meth)acrylates such as ethoxyethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, and 2-ethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate; and poly(alkylene oxide) (meth)acrylates such as poly(ethylene oxide) (meth)acrylates, and poly(propylene oxide) (meth)acrylates.
- the poly(alkylene oxide) acrylates are often referred to as poly(alkylene glycol) (meth)acrylates.
- These monomers can have any suitable end group such as a hydroxyl group or an alkoxy group. For example, when the end group is a methoxy group, the monomer can be referred to as methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (meth)acrylate.
- Suitable alkyl (meth)acrylates that can be used can have an alkyl group with a linear, branched, or cyclic structure.
- suitable alkyl (meth)acrylates include, but are not limited to, methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, n-pentyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methylbutyl (meth)acrylate, n-hexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 4-methyl-2-pentyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methylhexyl (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, isooctyl (meth)acrylate
- methacrylic esters mentioned in US 4,795,823 such as bis[3 [4]-methacryl-oxymethyl-8(9)-tricyclo[5.2.1.0 2,6 ]decylmethyl triglycolate.
- Bis-GMA 2,2-bis-4(3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenylpropane
- TEGDMA triethylene glycol dimethacrylate
- di(meth)acrylates of bishydroxymethyltricyclo-(5.2.1.0 2,6 )decane are particularly suitable.
- the radiation curable components are typically present in the following amounts:
- the curable composition described in the present text comprises a photo initiator.
- the nature and structure of the photoinitiator is not particularly limited, either, unless the desired result cannot be achieved.
- the photo initiator(s) can typically be characterized by one or more of the following features:
- the photo initiator typically absorbs light in the blue spectral range, e.g. in the range from 300 to 450 nm. This range typically overlaps with the additional absorption range(s) of dye D1 and/or dye D2.
- the photo initiator should be soluble in in the radiation curable components of the curable resin composition described in the present text and/or the high boiling additive(s) described in the further text below.
- the photo initiator is capable of generating free radicals for polymerization upon exposure to light energy having a wavelength between 300 and 450 nm.
- photoiniators according to type (a) typically contain an alpha-diketon e.g. a moiety selected from benzophenone, xanthone or quinone in combination with an aliphatic amine.
- alpha-diketon e.g. a moiety selected from benzophenone, xanthone or quinone in combination with an aliphatic amine.
- photoinitiators according to type (b) typically contain a moiety selected form benzoin ether, acetophenon, benzoyl oxime or acyl phosphine.
- a particularly suitable class of photo initiators include the class of acylphosphine oxides, as described e.g. in US 4,737,593 .
- Preferred acylphosphine oxides are those in which the R 9 and R 10 groups are phenyl or lower alkyl- or lower alkoxy-substituted phenyl.
- R 9 and R 10 groups are phenyl or lower alkyl- or lower alkoxy-substituted phenyl.
- lower alkyl and lower alkoxy is meant such groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Exemplary UV initiators include 1-hydroxycyclohexyl benzophenone (available, for example, under the trade designation "IRGACURE 184" from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp., Tarrytown, NY), 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl) ketone (available, for example, under the trade designation "IRGACURE 2529” from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp.), 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone (available, for example, under the trade designation "DAROCURE D111” from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp. and bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylposphineoxide (available, for example, under the trade designation "IRGACURE 819" from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp.).
- IRGACURE 184" from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp., Tarrytown, NY
- 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl) ketone available, for example
- the acylphosphine oxide is bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenyl phosphine oxide (IRGACURE TM 819, Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Tarrytown, NY).
- Tertiary amine reducing agents may be used in combination with an acylphosphine oxide.
- Illustrative tertiary amines include ethyl 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoate and N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
- phosphine oxide photoinitiators capable of free-radical initiation when irradiated at wavelengths of greater than 400 nm to 1200 nm include a 25:75 mixture, by weight, of bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2,4,4-trimethylpentyl phosphine oxide and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one (IRGACURE TM 1700, Ciba Specialty Chemicals), 2-benzyl-2-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)-1-butanone (IRGACURE TM 369, Ciba Specialty Chemicals), bis( ⁇ 5-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl)-bis(2,6-difluoro-3-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl) titanium (IRGACURE TM 784 DC, Ciba Specialty Chemicals), a 1:1 mixture, by weight, of bis(2,6-
- photoinitiators comprising an alpha, beta-triketon moiety or comprising an alpha-diketon dialkyl ketal moiety.
- the photoinitiator(s) is typically present in the following amounts:
- the curable composition described in the present text comprises an organic dye composition.
- the dye composition comprises at least two different dyes D1 and D2.
- the organic dye does typically not contain elements or ions other than alkaline metal ions (e.g. Li, Na, K), earth alkaline metal ions (e.g. Mg, Ca), C, N, O, H, S, P, halogen (F, Cl, Br). That is, the organic dye molecule does typically not contain any heavy metal ions (e.g. metal ions having an atomic mass above 40 or above 45.
- alkaline metal ions e.g. Li, Na, K
- earth alkaline metal ions e.g. Mg, Ca
- C N, O, H, S, P, halogen (F, Cl, Br)
- halogen F, Cl, Br
- Dyes which can be used include those containing a moiety selected form azo groups and/or aromatic (hetero) cycles or other systems with delocalized pi-electrons. In particular dyes useful for colouring food were found to be useful.
- Dye D1 has a light absorption maximum within a wave length range from 400 to 530 nm.
- dye D1 can be further characterized by at least one or more of the following features:
- dye 1 may also have a light absorption band within a wave length range from 300 to 450 nm, that is, in the UV region.
- Such an absorption can be advantageous as it corresponds or overlaps essentially with the emission band(s) of the light of the devices which are used for the additive manufacturing technique.
- a combination of light absorption in the regions 300 to 450 nm and 450 to 650 nm was found to be particular useful.
- dye D1 shows a light absorption band in the same range of the electromagnetic spectrum where the photo initiator shows light absorption as well.
- Dye D1 is typically soluble in organic solvents and also in the curable resin composition.
- dye D1 comprises an anthraquinone moiety and can thus be characterized as anthraquinone dye.
- dye D1 comprises an azo moiety and can thus be characterized as azo dye.
- dye D1 comprises a naphthoquinolinedione moiety and can thus be characterized as naphthoquinolinedione dye.
- dye D1 comprises a xanthenone moiety and can thus be characterized as xanthenone dye.
- dye D1 comprises an isoquinoline moiety and can thus be characterized as isoquinoline dye.
- dye D1 is C.I. Solvent Red 111 (e.g. Solvaperm TM Red PFS; CAS 82-38-2 ).
- dye D1 examples include Solvent Red 168 ( CAS 71832-19-4 , anthraquinone dye), Solvent Red 49 ( CAS 509-34-2 , xanthenone dye), Solvent Red 140 ( CAS 15905-32-5 , xanthenone dye), Pigment Red 112 ( CAS 6535-46-2 , azo dye), Pigment Red 149 ( CAS 4948-15-6 , perylene dye), Solvent Red 19 ( CAS 6368-72-5 , azo dye), Solvent Red 23 ( CAS 85-86-9 , azo dye), Solvent Red 24 ( CAS 85-83-6 , azo dye), Solvent Red 26 ( CAS 4477-79-6 , azo dye), Solvent Red 27 ( CAS 1320-06-5 , azo dye), Solvent Red 43 ( CAS 15086-94-9 , xanthenone dye), Solvent Red 52 ( CAS 81-39-0 , isoquinoline dione dye) and mixtures thereof.
- Dye D1 is typically present in the following amounts:
- Dye D2 shows a light absorption maximum within a wave length range from 540 to 650 nm. Thus, dye D2 absorbs light in the green-yellow part of the spectrum (e.g. 500 to 650 nm).
- dye D2 can be further characterized by at least one or more of the following features:
- dye 2 may also have a light absorption band at a wave length range from 300 to 450 nm, that is in the UV region.
- Such an absorption can be advantageous as it corresponds or overlaps essentially with the emission band(s) of the light of the devices which are used for the additive manufacturing technique.
- a combination of light absorption in the region 300 to 450 nm and 500 to 650 nm was found to be particular useful.
- dye D2 shows light absorption within a wave length range from 300 to 400 nm having an intensity being at least 20% compared to the intensity of the light absorption within a wave length range from 540 to 650 nm.
- Dye D2 is typically soluble in organic solvents and also in the curable resin composition.
- dye D2 comprises an anthraquinone moiety and can thus be characterized as anthraquinone dye.
- dye D2 comprises an azo moiety and can thus be characterized as azo dye.
- dye D2 comprises a triphenylmethane moiety and can thus be characterized as triphenylmethane dye.
- dye D2 comprises a phenoxazine moiety and can thus be characterized as phenoxazine dye.
- dye D2 is C.I. Solvent Violet 13 (e.g. Macrolex TM Violett B, CAS 81-48-1 ).
- dye D2 include C.I. Solvent Blue 97, Solvent Blue 35 ( CAS 17354-14-2 , anthraquinone dye), Solvent Blue 36 ( CAS 14233-37-5 , anthraquinone dye), Solvent Blue 58 ( CAS 29887-08-9 , anthraquinone dye), Solvent Blue 59 ( CAS 6994-46-3 , anthraquinone dye), Solvent Blue 97 ( CAS 32724-62-2 , anthraquinone dye), Solvent Blue 128 ( CAS 18038-99-8 , anthraquinone dye), Mordant Blue 14 ( CAS 1562-90-9 , phenoxazine dye), Gallocyanine ( CAS 1562-85-2 , phenoxazine dye), Disperse Violet 26 ( CAS 6408-72-6 , anthraquinone dye), Solvent Violet 8 ( CAS 52080-58-7 , triphenylmethane dye), Solvent Violet
- Dye D2 is typically present in the following amounts:
- the ratio of dye D1 to dye D2 in the curable composition is typically in the range from 0.1 : 1 to 3: 1 or from 0.25 : 1 to 3 : 1 or 1 : 1 to 3 : 1 or from 1 : 1 to 2 : 1 or from 1.1 : 1 to 3 : 1 with respect to weight.
- dye D1 is used in excess compared to dye D2.
- the curable composition described in the present text may also comprise one or more additive(s), including high boiling additive(s), stabilizer(s), or mixtures thereof.
- the curable composition for use in the additive manufacturing process described in the present text may also comprise one or more high boiling additives.
- the nature and structure of the high boiling additive is not particularly limited unless the desired result cannot be achieved.
- the high boiling additive(s) can be characterized by at least one or more, sometimes all of the following parameters:
- a high boiling additive with a boiling point above 100 or above 200 or above 250 or above 300°C can be beneficial for the mixing process of the curable composition.
- a high boiling additive with a molecular weight and/or viscosity in the above range can be beneficial as it may help to adjust the viscosity of the curable composition.
- using a high boiling additive may help to facilitate the burn-out process, in case the 3-dim article obtained is used for producing another 3-dim article by an investment casting process as described below.
- the high boiling additive is often an alcohol or a glycol or polyglycol, mono-ether glycol or mono-ether polyglycol, di-ether glycol or di-ether polyglycol, ether ester glycol or ether ester polyglycol, carbonate, ester or a polycaprolactone.
- the organic high boiling point additives usually have one or more polar groups.
- the organic high boiling point additive does not have a polymerizable group; that is, the organic high boiling point additive is free of a group that can undergo free radical polymerization. Further, no component of the high boiling point additive medium has a polymerizable group that can undergo free radical polymerization.
- Suitable glycols or polyglycols, mono-ether glycols or mono-ether polyglycols, di-ether glycols or di-ether polyglycols, and ether ester glycols or ether ester polyglycols are often of the following formula: R 1 O-(R 2 O) n -R 1
- each R 1 independently is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or acyl.
- Suitable alkyl groups often have 1 to 10 carbon atoms, 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Suitable aryl groups often have 6 to 10 carbon atoms and are often phenyl or phenyl substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Suitable acyl groups are often of formula -(CO)R a where R a is an alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 2 carbon atoms, or 1 carbon atom.
- the acyl is often an acetyl group (i.e. -C(O)CH 3 ).
- each R 2 is typically an alkylene group such as ethylene or propylene.
- the variable n is at least 1 and can be in a range of 1 to 10, 1 to 6, 1 to 4, or 1 to 3.
- glycols or polyglycols of the above formula have two R 1 groups equal to hydrogen.
- glycols include, but are not limited to, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol.
- Mono-ether glycols or mono-ether polyglycols of the above formula have a first R 1 group equal to hydrogen and a second R 1 group equal to alkyl or aryl.
- mono-ether glycols or mono-ether polyglycols include, but are not limited to, ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and tripropylene glycol monobutyl
- Di-ether glycols or di-ether polyglycols of the above formula have two R1 group equal to alkyl or aryl.
- Examples of di-ether glycols or di-ether polyglycols include, but are not limited to, ethylene glycol dipropyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, dipropylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and pentaethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
- Ether ester glycols or ether ester polyglycols of the above formula have a first R1 group equal to an alkyl or aryl and a second R1 group equal to an acyl.
- ether ester glycols or ether ester polyglycols include, but are not limited to, ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, and diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate.
- R 3 is hydrogen or an alkyl such as an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or 1 carbon atom. Examples include ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate.
- Suitable are also polycaprolactones, in particular polycaprolactones having a molecular mass in the range from 200 to 1,000 or from 300 to 800 or 400 to 600 g/mol.
- Polycaprolactones are typically the reaction products of caprolactone with diols or triols.
- diols include butanediol, hexanediol, diethylene glycol.
- a typical example of a triol includes trimethylolpropane.
- high boiling point additives which can be used include: mono alcohols (e.g. C 6 to C 12 alcohols, including primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols), poly alcohols (e.g. diethylene glycol ethyl ether (Carbitol TM ), hexanediol, octanediol, decanediol, dodecanediol), and mixtures thereof.
- mono alcohols e.g. C 6 to C 12 alcohols, including primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols
- poly alcohols e.g. diethylene glycol ethyl ether (Carbitol TM ), hexanediol, octanediol, decanediol, dodecanediol
- high boiling additives are sometimes preferred: polyethylene glycol, polycaprolactone, 1-decanol, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
- suitable high boiling additives may also include low boiling alcohols (below 100°C; like methanol, ethanol, propanol) and mixtures thereof or preferably the same high boiling additive(s) described above.
- the high boiling additive(s) is typically present in the following amounts:
- the curable composition described in the present text comprises one or more stabilizer(s).
- the nature and structure of the stabilizer(s) is not particularly limited, either, unless the desired result cannot be achieved.
- a stabilizer may extend the shelf life of the curable composition, help prevent undesired side reactions, and adjust the polymerization process of the radiation curable component(s) present in the curable composition.
- Adding one or more stabilizer(s) to the curable composition may further help to improving the accuracy or detail resolution of the surface of the 3-dim article to be produced.
- stabilizer(s) may help to enhance the resolution and accuracy of the SLA process by attenuating or avoiding unwanted scattering effects, as well as increase the shelf life of the curable composition.
- Stabilizer(s) which can be used often comprise a phenol moiety.
- stabilizer(s) which can be used include: p-methoxyphenol (MOP), hydroquinone monomethylether (MEHQ), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol (BHT; Ionol), phenothiazine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) and mixtures thereof.
- MOP p-methoxyphenol
- MEHQ hydroquinone monomethylether
- BHT 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol
- TEMPO 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl radical
- the stabilizer(s) is present in the following amounts:
- the curable composition described in the present text does typically not comprise either or all of the following components:
- curable composition described in the present text is essentially free of either or all of the above components.
- the curable composition described in the present text comprises:
- the curable composition described in the present text is typically produced by combining the respective components and mixing them.
- a speed mixer can be used, if desired.
- the production is typically carried out under save-light conditions.
- the curable composition described in the present text is typically stored in container.
- Suitable containers include vessels, foil bags, cartridges, etc.
- the volume of the respective containers is not particularly limited, but is typically in a range from 10 to 200,000 ml or from 500 to 10,000 ml.
- the curable composition described in the present text can also be provided as a kit of parts comprising the curable composition and an instruction of use.
- the instruction of use typically describes under what conditions the curable composition should be used.
- the invention is also directed to a process of producing a 3-dim composite article, the process comprising the step of processing the curable composition described in the present text as construction material in an additive manufacturing process, in particular by stereolithography.
- Such a process typically comprises the following steps:
- Such a process comprises the step of applying radiation to the surface of a radiation curable material, wherein the radiation is applied only to those parts of the surface which will later form a part of the article to be produced.
- Radiation can be applied by using e.g. a laser beam or by mask-image projection.
- a mask-image projection based stereolithographie process MIP-SL is sometimes preferred, as it allows a more rapid manufacturing of the article.
- a MIP-SL process can be described as follows:
- Projecting the mask image on the radiation curable material can be done either top-down or bottom-up with respect to the orientation of the vat.
- Using the bottom-up technique can be beneficial as less radiation curable material is needed.
- curable composition described in the present text is in particular useful for processing it in a mask-image projection stereolithography process using the bottom-up projection technique.
- the invention is also directed to 3-dim composite article obtained or or obtainable according to the process of the present text.
- the obtained 3-dim composite article has a black colour.
- the black colour is basically caused by the presence of the dyes D1 and D2 absorbing a huge part of the visible electromagnetic spectrum.
- the black colour of the 3-dim composite article facilitates the visual inspection of the surface of the 3-dim composite article and also allows an easy determination of parts which belong to the desired 3-dim composite article and parts which are produced during the additive manufacturing process either by purpose as support structure or by accident, e.g. due to light scattering.
- the invention is also directed to a process of producing a 3-dim cast article, the process comprising the steps of:
- An investment material which can be used includes gypsum.
- Casting materials which can be used include metals like gold, silver, platinum, dental alloys based on either or all of the elements chromium, cobalt and molybdenum, like Wironit TM , and mixtures thereof.
- Such a process can be used for producing 3-dim cast articles having the shape of dental articles, orthodontic articles or other small parts including jewellery.
- the curable composition described in the present text can also be used for making parts for model making, in particular for making 3-dim articles having small dimensions, e.g. 0.5 to 100 mm or 0.5 to 50 mm or 0.5 to 10 mm in x, y and/or z-direction.
- the light transmission can be measured using a Color i7 spherical spectrophotometer (available from x-rite Inc., Grand Rapids, MI, USA).
- test specimen is printed in the shape of a cuboid with approximate dimensions: edge length of 30 ⁇ 0.5mm and thickness of 1 ⁇ 0.05mm and processed as described in the present text.
- the spectrometer parameters are: D65 illuminant (light source; day light; 6,500 K) and 10° observer.
- the white and black background is determined as followed: for the black background the sphere is closed and thereby no light is detected by the sensors of the Color i7.
- white or 100% D65 light
- the specimen is placed with a sample holder between sphere and lens of the Color i7. The specimen is thereby directly placed onto the aperture of the sphere. Transmission (%T) is calculated using the Software Color iControl V7.5.10.
- the colour in transmission can be measured by using a spherical spectrophotometer Colour i7 (available from x-rite Inc., Grand Rapids, MI, USA).
- the configuration of the spectrophotometer Color i7 according to the method for determining light transmission is used.
- test specimen is printed in the shape of a cuboid with approximate dimensions: edge length of 30 ⁇ 0.5mm and thickness of 5 ⁇ 0.05mm and processed as described in the present text.
- Colour values L ⁇ , a ⁇ , b ⁇ , C ⁇ and h° (Hue) are calculated by the software of the Color i7. The calculation of these values are according to the CIE standards.
- C ⁇ is the vector of a ⁇ and b ⁇ and can be seen as a summary of them.
- h° (Hue) describes the place of colour within a 360° circle. Values around 0° indicate a red colour. Values between 300° and 360° indicate a purple or a transition between a purple and red colour.
- a chroma (C ⁇ ) of 0 indicates a colourless object.
- the light absorption spectrum can be determined by using a spectrophotometer Spectramax 190 (available from Molecular Devices LLC., Sunnyvale, CA, USA). As cuvette a multicuvette is used like Microtest 96-Well 370 ⁇ l Clear Plate (available from BD Biosciences Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). 200 ⁇ l of mentioned resin solutions are placed into one of the 96 cuvettes and put into the Spectromax 190. The spectrum is recorded between 200nm and 800nm in 1nm steps.
- Spectramax 190 available from Molecular Devices LLC., Sunnyvale, CA, USA.
- As cuvette a multicuvette is used like Microtest 96-Well 370 ⁇ l Clear Plate (available from BD Biosciences Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). 200 ⁇ l of mentioned resin solutions are placed into one of the 96 cuvettes and put into the Spectromax 190. The spectrum is recorded between 200nm and 800nm in 1nm steps.
- the viscosity can be measured using a Physica Rheometer MCR 301 device with a plate/cone system (diameter 25 mm and angle 1°) and a slit of 0.05 mm.
- the viscosity values (Pas) can be recorded at 23 °C for each shear rate (starting from 0.1 1/s to 100 1/s in 50 exponential increasing steps). For each shear rate, a delay of 5 s is typically used before collecting data. Also the viscosity values can be recorded at a constant shear of 10 1/s and an increasing temperature ramp (starting at 23°C to 60°C in 0.74°C steps). The above mentioned method of measurement corresponds essentially to DIN 53018-1.
- the measurement of the pH-value can be achieved by means known by the person skilled in art.
- the resin can be dispersed in de-ionized water and an instrument like Metrohm TM 826 can be used.
- an instrument like Metrohm TM 826 can be used.
- wet (water) pH sensitive paper or wet (water) pH sensitive sticks can be used if resins are not coloured.
- the printing accuracy can be determined by visually inspecting the obtained 3-dim articles by using the following protocol.
- the 3-dim articles were inspected in normal room lighting in front of a white background (regular white printing paper) using Binocular magnifiers for spectacles at a magnification of 2.75x (Fa Fino).
- the visual inspection is categorized using the following criteria: Rating Criteria ++ All structures and every detail very good visible, very good contrast and/or opacity . + All structures and details visible, contrast and/or opacity sufficient. - Structures visible, details partially not clearly visible, contrast and/or opacity too low. - - Structures and details not clearly visible, contrast and/or opacity not sufficient.
- the respective curable composition (e.g. about 20 ml) was placed in the printing vat of a S30 3D-Printer (Rapid Shape GmbH, Heimsheim, Germany).
- the CAD data for the 3-dim article to be printed was loaded into the system.
- For testing the printing accuracy the CAD data of a set of orthodontic brackets was used.
- the 3-dim article was removed from the printing vat, cleaned with iso-propanole in an ultra-sonic bath for 5min and then postcured for 90sec. in an Otoflash G171 (NK Optik GmbH, Baierbrunn, Germany) without N 2 flooding.
- Photographs of printed samples are shown in Figs. 1 to 4 .
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP16185635 | 2016-08-25 | ||
PCT/US2017/046690 WO2018038954A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2017-08-14 | Coloured curable composition for additive manufacturing processes, 3-dim composite article and use thereof |
Publications (2)
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EP3504017A1 EP3504017A1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
EP3504017B1 true EP3504017B1 (en) | 2022-03-30 |
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EP17755625.5A Active EP3504017B1 (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2017-08-14 | Coloured curable composition for additive manufacturing processes, 3-dim composite article and use thereof |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11583373B2 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP3504017B1 (pt) |
JP (1) | JP7117291B2 (pt) |
CN (1) | CN109641264A (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2018038954A1 (pt) |
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EP3271155B1 (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2020-09-30 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Method of additive manufacturing using photoregulated radical polymerization |
JP7174721B2 (ja) | 2017-06-20 | 2022-11-17 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 積層造形プロセス用の放射線硬化性組成物 |
DE102018119079A1 (de) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-06 | Redios-Tec Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Dentalbauteils |
EP3877180A4 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2022-12-14 | Utility Global, Inc. | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING A FUEL CELL |
US11611097B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2023-03-21 | Utility Global, Inc. | Method of making an electrochemical reactor via sintering inorganic dry particles |
US11603324B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2023-03-14 | Utility Global, Inc. | Channeled electrodes and method of making |
US11761100B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2023-09-19 | Utility Global, Inc. | Electrochemical device and method of making |
US11539053B2 (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2022-12-27 | Utility Global, Inc. | Method of making copper electrode |
WO2020112316A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-06-04 | Utility Global, Inc. | System and method for integrated deposition and heating |
WO2020118059A1 (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-11 | Polyone Corporation | Composition for protecting light sensitive materials |
JP2022548851A (ja) | 2019-09-12 | 2022-11-22 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 装置、システム、物品を後硬化させる方法及び後硬化された物品 |
JPWO2021149520A1 (pt) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | ||
CN111471133A (zh) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-07-31 | 兰州市口腔医院 | 一种生物基牙科3d打印光固化树脂配方 |
US20230348667A1 (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2023-11-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Investment Casting Compositions and Methods |
US20240157642A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2024-05-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Additive manufacturing apparatus including two light engines and a light altering structure and a method of additive manufacturing a three-dimensional object |
CN115873174B (zh) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-11-10 | 明澈生物科技(苏州)有限公司 | 一种双光子3d打印光敏组合物 |
WO2024156716A1 (en) | 2023-01-23 | 2024-08-02 | Medizinische Hochschule Hannover | Anti-entpd3 chimeric antigen receptor |
EP4403580A1 (en) | 2023-01-23 | 2024-07-24 | Medizinische Hochschule Hannover | Anti-entpd3 chimeric antigen receptor |
WO2024165859A1 (en) | 2023-02-07 | 2024-08-15 | Quell Therapeutics Limited | Culture method for treg cells |
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US4071124A (en) | 1976-08-26 | 1978-01-31 | Price Donald L | Electrical power supply method and system for open pit mining equipment |
DE3443221A1 (de) | 1984-11-27 | 1986-06-05 | ESPE Fabrik pharmazeutischer Präparate GmbH, 8031 Seefeld | Bisacylphosphinoxide, ihre herstellung und verwendung |
DE3607331A1 (de) | 1986-03-06 | 1987-09-10 | Espe Pharm Praep | (meth)acrylsaeureester und ihre verwendung zur herstellung von dentalmassen |
AU717137B2 (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 2000-03-16 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Borate coinitiators for photopolymerization |
JP2003507499A (ja) | 1999-08-13 | 2003-02-25 | デルタメド・メディツィーンプロドュクテ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | 可視光を用いて架橋する組成物およびその使用 |
CN1261471C (zh) * | 1999-10-19 | 2006-06-28 | 阿克佐诺贝尔公司 | 辐射固化的热熔组合物及其应用方法 |
US7300619B2 (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2007-11-27 | Objet Geometries Ltd. | Compositions and methods for use in three dimensional model printing |
US6569373B2 (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2003-05-27 | Object Geometries Ltd. | Compositions and methods for use in three dimensional model printing |
DE102004050868A1 (de) | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-20 | Dreve Otoplastik Gmbh | Niedrigviskose, strahlungshärtbare Formulierung zur Herstellung von Ohrpassstücken |
US8334025B2 (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2012-12-18 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Antimony-free photocurable resin composition and three dimensional article |
EP2133064A1 (en) | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Initiator system containing a diarylalkylamine derivate, hardenable composition and use thereof |
CN102366818A (zh) | 2011-09-23 | 2012-03-07 | 无锡市凯杰铸造有限公司 | 一种集装箱用全自动锁锁壳的消失模铸造方法 |
EP2751618B1 (de) | 2012-04-11 | 2019-05-29 | Ivoclar Vivadent AG | Kompositharz-zusammensetzung und deren verwendung, verfahren zur herstellung dentaler bauteile mittels stereolithographie |
US9657186B2 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2017-05-23 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Opaque inks and applications thereof |
CA3081240A1 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2014-05-22 | Dentsply International Inc. | Three-dimensional fabricating material systems for producing dental products |
JP6688737B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-18 | 2020-04-28 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 接着剤結合組成物及びその使用 |
WO2015126666A1 (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2015-08-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Dental composition and use thereof |
JP6648371B2 (ja) | 2014-06-10 | 2020-02-14 | 株式会社リコー | インク、印刷物 |
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- 2017-08-14 WO PCT/US2017/046690 patent/WO2018038954A1/en unknown
- 2017-08-14 CN CN201780052377.3A patent/CN109641264A/zh active Pending
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CN109641264A (zh) | 2019-04-16 |
WO2018038954A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
US20190201171A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
JP7117291B2 (ja) | 2022-08-12 |
US11583373B2 (en) | 2023-02-21 |
EP3504017A1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
JP2019528197A (ja) | 2019-10-10 |
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