EP3503144A1 - Device for interrupting an electric current - Google Patents

Device for interrupting an electric current Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3503144A1
EP3503144A1 EP18208629.8A EP18208629A EP3503144A1 EP 3503144 A1 EP3503144 A1 EP 3503144A1 EP 18208629 A EP18208629 A EP 18208629A EP 3503144 A1 EP3503144 A1 EP 3503144A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pusher
cage
stop
braking zone
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18208629.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3503144B1 (en
Inventor
David Couzon
José Garcia
Ludovic Crotto
Sylvain Battail
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3503144A1 publication Critical patent/EP3503144A1/en
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Publication of EP3503144B1 publication Critical patent/EP3503144B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/30—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock, e.g. by balancing of armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H01H73/045—Bridging contacts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for breaking an electric current and a switching device comprising this cut-off device.
  • Embodiments of the invention apply more particularly to switching devices intended to be installed in power supply lines of electric motors.
  • circuit breakers or contactors which make it possible to interrupt the flow of an electric current in an electrical installation, by means of separable electrical contacts.
  • the apparatus comprises one or more cut-off devices, each associated with an electrical phase.
  • Each comprises movable contacts displaceable relative to fixed contacts which are connected to the electrical installation.
  • the patent EP 0 556 109 B1 describes an example of a cutoff device.
  • a movable pusher is movable in translation relative to a fixed cage integral with the body of the electrical apparatus.
  • the pusher is provided with a movable electrical contact which carries electrical contact pads arranged opposite corresponding contact pads formed on upstream and downstream fixed electrical contacts.
  • a movable rudder coupled with a trigger mechanism of the device, presses the pusher away from the fixed contacts. Conversely, to allow the flow of current, the lifter releases the pusher, which moves under the action of an elastic return member, until the contact pads touch. The moving contact then allows the passage of a current between the fixed contacts.
  • a disadvantage is that, once released by the rudder, the pusher violently hits the fixed contacts at the end of its displacement, because the spring releases more mechanical energy than before. This increases the risk of bouncing of the pusher against the fixed contacts, which may lead to a failure to close the cut-off device. This also causes premature wear of the contact pads, which reduces the life of the device.
  • the invention more particularly intends to remedy, by proposing a device for breaking an electrical current with separable contacts capable of operating with currents of high intensity, while exhibiting reliability and durability. satisfactory.
  • the tab is used to brake the pusher before the moving contact reaches the fixed contacts.
  • the contacting of the fixed and mobile contacts is less abrupt, which avoids damaging the contact pads and limits the risk of rebound of the pusher.
  • the stop prevents the pusher from hitting the rudder when it reaches the end of the race, which further reduces the risk of rebounds.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for breaking an electric current, such as a circuit-breaker or a contactor, comprising at least one device for breaking an electrical current with separable contacts, as described above.
  • the figure 1 represents a portion of an apparatus for breaking an electric current, containing a cut-off device 2 of an electric current with separable contacts and cut in air.
  • the switchgear is a circuit breaker or a contactor.
  • the device 2 is adapted to be used with an electric current of high intensity, for example greater than or equal to 75 A or 80 A.
  • the switchgear is used in a power supply line of electric motors, also called motor start line.
  • the use of the device 2 is particularly advantageous in the motor starter lines, since the recent evolutions of certain types of AC electric motors make the feed currents involved more important, in particular because of currents of electricity. call whose intensity is much higher than that of the nominal current, for example up to ten or seventeen times higher.
  • the device 2 is however not limited to this type of use and other uses are possible.
  • the switchgear comprises a housing, for example molded polymer, inside which the device 2 is housed.
  • the other components of this switchgear are well known and are not illustrated or described in more detail.
  • the switchgear has several electrical poles, to be associated with a polyphase electrical installation.
  • the cutoff device comprises as many copies of the device 2 as poles, each associated with an electrical phase.
  • the switchgear may have only one pole and therefore only one device 2. In the following, to simplify the description, a single device 2 is described.
  • the device 2 comprises an upstream fixed electrical contact 4 and a fixed downstream electrical contact 6, isolated from one another and intended to be connected to an electrical installation.
  • the conductors 4 and 6 are curved metal bars.
  • upstream and downstream are given here for illustrative purposes and the role of the contacts 4 and 6 may, alternatively, be permuted.
  • the contacts 4 and 6 each carry an electrical contact pad, respectively denoted 8 and 10, made of an electrically conductive material, such as silver.
  • the device 2 also comprises a cage 12 and a movable contact holder 14, also called pusher 14 in what follows.
  • the pusher 14 and has an oblong shape.
  • the cage 12 is secured to a body of the cutting apparatus. It delimits a receiving cavity within which the pusher 14 is received.
  • the receiving cavity extends from the bottom of the cage 12 to a distal end that faces the fixed contacts 4 and 6.
  • the cage 12 allows a reversible displacement of the pusher 14 in translation relative to a fixed longitudinal axis X14.
  • the pusher 14 remains at least partly in the receiving cavity during its movement.
  • the cage 12 has side walls parallel to the axis X14 and provided with guide means to ensure this translational movement.
  • the receiving cavity is delimited by the side walls and by the bottom of the cage 12.
  • the pusher 14 comprises a movable contact 16, also called contact bridge 16, made of an electrically conductive material, for example in the form of a flat blade, which in this example is disposed perpendicularly to the axis X14.
  • the movable contact 16 is provided with contact pads 18 and 20 arranged opposite, respectively, contact pads 8 and 10. It is therefore understood that the pads 8 and 10 are aligned with the pads 18 and 20, respectively, parallel to the X14 axis.
  • the device 2 is thus switchable, by displacement of the pusher 14 along the axis X14, between a closed state, in which the movable contact 16 provides electrical conduction between the fixed contacts 4 and 6 by contacting the pellets 8, 10, 18, 20 and an open state, in which the movable contact 16 is kept at a distance from the fixed contacts 6 and 8.
  • the pusher 14 comprises a body 22 on which the contact 16 is mounted.
  • the body 22 is provided with a rigid protrusion extending parallel to the axis X 14 and forming a distal end 24 of the pusher 14.
  • the opposite end 26 pusher 14 is connected to an elastic return member 28 integral with the body of the apparatus, for example fixed on a bottom of the cage 12.
  • the member 28 is adapted to exert a force that pushes the pusher 14 towards the fixed contacts 4 and 6, that is to say away from the bottom of the cage 12. This force is here directed parallel to the X14 axis.
  • the member 28 is a contact pressure spring.
  • the spring 28 is here a compression spring type helical.
  • the reference 30 designates a mechanical lifter which is coupled to a mechanism for controlling and / or triggering the electrical apparatus.
  • the lifter 30 presses the protrusion 24, so as to push the pusher 14 towards the bottom of the cage, by opposing the restoring force of the member 28 and overlying it.
  • the lifter 30 moves away from the pusher 14 so as to release it and allow its deployment under the action of the member 28.
  • the spreader 30 is pivotally mounted with respect to an armature of the cut-off device, to move between a bearing position on the protrusion 24 and a position remote from the protrusion 24.
  • the device 2 may also include an arc extinction chamber, not shown here.
  • the device 2 comprises a cap 40 which overcomes the cage 12.
  • the cap 40 defines a housing which extends, along the axis X14, the cavity of the cage 12 in which the pusher 14 is received.
  • the "receiving cavity” thus designates the internal volume delimited jointly by the cage 12 and the cap 40 and within which the pusher 14 moves.
  • the cut-off device comprises three poles, and therefore three copies of the device 2.
  • the coping 40 illustrated is part of a room comprising several similar caps, intended to be used in devices 2 of the cut-off apparatus next to that illustrated.
  • the cap 40 may be independent of the caps belonging to the other devices 2 of the switchgear.
  • the cap 40 comprises a braking zone 42 and a stop 44, more particularly visible on the figure 5 .
  • the braking zone 42 and the stop 44 are made in one piece with the cap 40.
  • the braking zone 42 is adapted to slow the displacement of the pusher 14 when it deploys towards the fixed contacts 4, 6 after reaching a so-called approach position upstream of the contacts 4, 6. "Upstream” is here defined for the direction of movement of the pusher 14 during closure of the device 2.
  • the zone 42 forms a restriction which locally reduces the internal dimensions of the cross section of the receiving cavity, this section being perpendicular to the axis X14.
  • the section of the cavity is larger than the cross section of the body 22, so that the body 22 of the pusher 14 is not constantly in contact with the internal faces of the cavity of the cavity. reception, except possibly at the level of translation guide means.
  • the section of the cavity is narrowed, so as to be of the same size as the section of the body 22, so that the body 22 is in direct contact with the zone 42.
  • the friction between the body 22 and the zone 42 makes it possible to brake the pusher 14.
  • the height of the cavity is equal to the height of the body 22.
  • the zone 42 is dimensioned accordingly.
  • the zone 42 is formed by an addition of material, here in the form of a tab or protrusion, which may be rigid or partially deformable, formed on an inner face of the receiving cavity and projecting towards the inside the receiving cavity.
  • the zone 42 is formed on a lower inner face 46 of the receiving cavity.
  • the face 46 is opposite an upper inner face 47 of the cavity.
  • the braking zone 42 is here made of polymer material, for example plastic.
  • the zone 42 is arranged to deflect the pusher 14 perpendicularly to the axis X14, so that it comes into contact with the opposite face 47 of the cavity. This increases the friction between the pusher 14 and the cage 12 and further slows the pusher 14.
  • the zone 42 has for this purpose an inclined plane 48 which extends towards the opposite face 47. More specifically, the base of the inclined plane 48 is in contact with the face 46 and the plane 48 is inclined so as to move closer to the face 47 as one advances along the axis X14 towards the distal end of the cavity.
  • the zone 42 may be formed on the face 47.
  • the zone 42 is formed on the side face of the receiving cavity, that is to say a face parallel to the section plane of the figure 5 .
  • the position of the stop 44 and the shape of the inclined plane 48 are modified accordingly.
  • the zone 42 extends over a length L whose precise value is chosen as a function of the dimensions of the pusher 14 and the characteristics of the return member 28, which themselves depend on the current rating of the device 1. illustrative example, for a device with a gauge of 13 to 80 amperes, the length L is equal to 1.5 mm. The length L is measured parallel to the axis X14.
  • Area 42 extends here to the distal end of the cavity.
  • the stop 44 is arranged to stop the translational movement of the pusher 14 when it reaches the end of the race, once the contact is established between the fixed contacts and the movable contact.
  • the stop 44 extends projecting with respect to the interior of the cavity.
  • the abutment 44 is here rigid. It is disposed at the distal end of the cavity, on the cap 40.
  • the stop 44 is disposed on the face 47 opposite the zone 42 with respect to the axis X14. More specifically, it is disposed vertically above the end of the zone 42.
  • the pusher 14 can move in an overtravel between the position in which the contacts 4, 6 and 16 touch each other, in the case where the pellets 8, 10, 18 and 20 have a nominal thickness, and the position in which it is stopped by the stop 14. This allows to take into account that during the life of the device 2, the pellets 8, 10, 18, 20 erode naturally so that their thickness decreases and becomes lower than the nominal thickness. This avoids being in a situation where the movement of the pusher 14 is stopped prematurely.
  • the zone 42 and the stop 44 are placed on a cap 40 distinct from the cage 12 without having to modify the structure of the cage 12.
  • the zone 42 and the stop 44 can therefore be added to existing device ranges without having to modify their architecture.
  • the cap 40 is an integral part of the cage 12 instead of being a separate part.
  • the zone 42 and the stop 44 are formed directly on the cage 12.
  • the cap 40 is made of a polymeric material, such as plastic. It is preferably manufactured by molding, which makes it possible to form the zone 42 and the stop 44 in one piece with the rest of the cap 40. The same goes for the cage 12 when the zone 42 and the stop 44 are provided on it.
  • the device 2 is open, as illustrated on the figure 2 .
  • the rudder 30 presses the end 24 and keeps the pusher 14 in a retracted position where the return member 28 is compressed.
  • the pellets 8, 18 and 10, 20 are separated. No current flows.
  • the lifter 30 is moved to its remote position, in which it no longer bears on the end 24.
  • the pusher 14 begins to deploy, that is to say to move in translation, in the illustrated direction by the arrow F1 on the figure 3 . In doing so, it approaches the end of the housing, until the body 22 comes into contact with the zone 42. The pusher 14 has then reached its approach position.
  • the pusher 14 continues to move, but it is slowed because of the friction due to the contact between the body 22 and the zone 42. However, it reaches the contact position.
  • the pellets 8, 18 and 10, 20 come into contact with each other.
  • the electrical contact is established.
  • Device 2 is closed. This contact is made without sudden shock or excessive mechanical stress of the device 2, due to the reduced speed of the pusher 14.
  • the zone 42 does not completely prevent the pusher 14 from continuing to move.
  • the pusher 14 continues to move until reaching the stop 44, which stops its movement. This prevents the end 24 pusher 14 to hit the rudder 30 which is in its remote position.
  • the pusher 14 stops in its end position.
  • the zone 42 dampens and brakes the pusher before the movable contact 16 reaches the fixed contacts 4, 6.
  • the contacting of the fixed contacts 4, 6 with the movable contact 16 is less abrupt, which avoids damaging the contact pads 8, 10, 18, 20 and limit the risk of rebound pusher 14.
  • the stop 44 prevents the pusher 14 to hit the rudder 30 when it reaches the end of the race, which further reduces the risk of rebounds .
  • the device 2 is therefore able to operate with high intensity currents, in particular up to 80 A or more, while having satisfactory reliability and durability.
  • the zone 42 and the stop 44 do not prevent the switching of the device 2 between the open and closed states.
  • the zone 42 and the stop 44 are easy to manufacture and to implement.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Ce dispositif de coupure d'un courant électrique comprend :
- des contacts électriques fixes (4, 6) et mobile (16) ;
- une cage (12) et un poussoir mobile apte à se déplacer en translation par rapport à la cage, la cage délimitant une cavité de réception à l'intérieur de laquelle le poussoir est reçu, le contact mobile étant monté sur le poussoir, le déplacement du poussoir permettant de commuter le dispositif de coupure ;
- un organe de rappel élastique (28) qui rappelle le poussoir vers sa position déployée.This device for breaking an electric current comprises:
- Fixed (4, 6) and movable (16) electrical contacts;
- A cage (12) and a movable pusher adapted to move in translation relative to the cage, the cage defining a receiving cavity within which the pusher is received, the movable contact being mounted on the pusher, the displacement of the pusher for switching the cut-off device;
- An elastic return member (28) which recalls the pusher to its deployed position.

Le dispositif de coupure comporte en outre, disposée à une extrémité distale de la cavité de réception :
- une zone de freinage (42) formant une restriction qui réduit localement les dimensions de la cavité de réception, afin de ralentir le poussoir ;
- une butée (44) pour arrêter le mouvement du poussoir.

Figure imgaf001
The cutoff device further comprises, disposed at a distal end of the receiving cavity:
- A braking zone (42) forming a restriction which locally reduces the dimensions of the receiving cavity, to slow down the pusher;
- A stop (44) to stop the movement of the pusher.
Figure imgaf001

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de coupure d'un courant électrique et un appareil de coupure comportant ce dispositif de coupure.The present invention relates to a device for breaking an electric current and a switching device comprising this cut-off device.

Des modes de mise en oeuvre de l'invention s'appliquent plus particulièrement aux appareils de coupure destinés à être installés dans des lignes d'alimentation de moteurs électriques.Embodiments of the invention apply more particularly to switching devices intended to be installed in power supply lines of electric motors.

On connaît des appareils de coupure d'un courant électrique, tels que des disjoncteurs ou des contacteurs, qui permettent d'interrompre la circulation d'un courant électrique dans une installation électrique, au moyen de contacts électriques séparables. Selon que l'appareil est destiné à être utilisé dans une installation électrique monophasée ou polyphasée, il comprend un ou plusieurs dispositifs de coupure, chacun associé à une phase électrique. Chacun comprend des contacts mobiles déplaçables par rapport à des contacts fixes qui sont raccordés à l'installation électrique.There are known devices for breaking an electric current, such as circuit breakers or contactors, which make it possible to interrupt the flow of an electric current in an electrical installation, by means of separable electrical contacts. Depending on whether the apparatus is intended to be used in a single-phase or multi-phase electrical installation, it comprises one or more cut-off devices, each associated with an electrical phase. Each comprises movable contacts displaceable relative to fixed contacts which are connected to the electrical installation.

Le brevet EP 0 556 109 B1 décrit un exemple d'un dispositif de coupure. Un poussoir mobile est déplaçable en translation par rapport à une cage fixe solidaire du corps de l'appareil électrique. Le poussoir est muni d'un contact électrique mobile qui porte des pastilles de contact électriques disposées en regard de pastilles de contact correspondantes ménagées sur des contacts électriques fixes amont et aval.The patent EP 0 556 109 B1 describes an example of a cutoff device. A movable pusher is movable in translation relative to a fixed cage integral with the body of the electrical apparatus. The pusher is provided with a movable electrical contact which carries electrical contact pads arranged opposite corresponding contact pads formed on upstream and downstream fixed electrical contacts.

Pour interrompre le courant, un palonnier mobile, couplé à un mécanisme de déclenchement de l'appareil, appuie sur le poussoir pour l'éloigner des contacts fixes. Inversement, pour autoriser la circulation du courant, le palonnier libère le poussoir, qui se déplace sous l'action d'un organe de rappel élastique, jusqu'à ce que les pastilles de contact se touchent. Le contact mobile autorise alors le passage d'un courant entre les contacts fixes.To interrupt the current, a movable rudder, coupled with a trigger mechanism of the device, presses the pusher away from the fixed contacts. Conversely, to allow the flow of current, the lifter releases the pusher, which moves under the action of an elastic return member, until the contact pads touch. The moving contact then allows the passage of a current between the fixed contacts.

Ce dispositif de coupure a longtemps donné satisfaction. Mais il n'est plus adapté pour certains usages contemporains, notamment lorsqu'un courant électrique d'intensité élevée est requis. En effet, dans un tel cas, le dimensionnement mécanique du dispositif doit être modifié. En particulier, l'organe de rappel doit emmagasiner plus d'énergie pour augmenter le seuil de répulsion des contacts lors de la fermeture du dispositif.This cut-off device has long been satisfactory. But it is no longer suitable for some contemporary uses, especially when a high intensity electric current is required. Indeed, in such a case, the mechanical dimensioning of the device must be modified. In particular, the return member must store more energy to increase the repulsive threshold of the contacts during closure of the device.

Un inconvénient est que, une fois libéré par le palonnier, le poussoir vient percuter violemment les contacts fixes à l'issue de son déplacement, du fait que le ressort libère plus d'énergie mécanique qu'auparavant. Cela augmente le risque de rebondissement du poussoir contre les contacts fixes, pouvant conduire à un défaut de fermeture du dispositif de coupure. Cela entraîne aussi une usure prématurée des pastilles de contact, ce qui réduit la durée de vie du dispositif.A disadvantage is that, once released by the rudder, the pusher violently hits the fixed contacts at the end of its displacement, because the spring releases more mechanical energy than before. This increases the risk of bouncing of the pusher against the fixed contacts, which may lead to a failure to close the cut-off device. This also causes premature wear of the contact pads, which reduces the life of the device.

C'est à ces inconvénients qu'entend plus particulièrement remédier l'invention, en proposant un dispositif de coupure d'un courant électrique à contacts séparables, apte à fonctionner avec des courants d'intensité élevée, tout en présentant une fiabilité et une durabilité satisfaisantes.It is to these drawbacks that the invention more particularly intends to remedy, by proposing a device for breaking an electrical current with separable contacts capable of operating with currents of high intensity, while exhibiting reliability and durability. satisfactory.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un dispositif de coupure d'un courant électrique à contacts séparables pour un appareil de coupure d'un courant électrique, tel qu'un disjoncteur ou un contacteur, ce dispositif de coupure comprenant :

  • des contacts électriques fixes et un contact électrique mobile ;
  • une cage et un poussoir mobile apte à se déplacer en translation par rapport à la cage selon un axe de déplacement, la cage délimitant une cavité de réception à l'intérieur de laquelle le poussoir est reçu, le contact électrique mobile étant monté sur le poussoir, le déplacement du poussoir le long de l'axe de déplacement entre une position déployée et une position rétractée permettant de commuter le dispositif de coupure, respectivement, entre un état électriquement fermé et un état électriquement ouvert ;
  • un organe de rappel élastique qui rappelle le poussoir vers sa position déployée ;
le dispositif de coupure comporte en outre, disposée à une extrémité distale de la cavité de réception :
  • une zone de freinage formant une restriction qui réduit localement les dimensions internes de la section transversale de la cavité de réception, afin de ralentir le poussoir lorsqu'il se déplace vers sa position déployée ;
  • une butée pour arrêter le mouvement de translation du poussoir, la butée étant ménagée à l'opposé de la zone de freinage.
To this end, the invention relates to a device for switching off an electric current with separable contacts for a device for breaking an electric current, such as a circuit-breaker or a contactor, this breaking device comprising:
  • fixed electrical contacts and a movable electrical contact;
  • a cage and a movable pusher adapted to move in translation relative to the cage along an axis of displacement, the cage defining a receiving cavity within which the pusher is received, the movable electrical contact being mounted on the pusher moving the pusher along the axis of displacement between an extended position and a retracted position for switching the cutoff device, respectively, between an electrically closed state and an electrically open state;
  • an elastic return member which recalls the pusher towards its deployed position;
the cut-off device further comprises, disposed at a distal end of the receiving cavity:
  • a restriction braking zone which locally reduces the internal dimensions of the cross section of the receiving cavity, to slow down the pusher as it moves to its deployed position;
  • a stop to stop the translational movement of the pusher, the stop being arranged opposite the braking zone.

La patte permet de freiner le poussoir avant que le contact mobile atteigne les contacts fixes. La mise en contact des contacts fixes et mobile est moins brutale, ce qui évite d'endommager les pastilles de contact et limite le risque de rebond du poussoir. La butée empêche le poussoir de percuter le palonnier lorsqu'il arrive en fin de course, ce qui réduit encore plus le risque de rebonds.The tab is used to brake the pusher before the moving contact reaches the fixed contacts. The contacting of the fixed and mobile contacts is less abrupt, which avoids damaging the contact pads and limits the risk of rebound of the pusher. The stop prevents the pusher from hitting the rudder when it reaches the end of the race, which further reduces the risk of rebounds.

Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, un tel dispositif de coupure peut incorporer une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou suivant toute combinaison techniquement admissible :

  • La zone de freinage est formée par un ajout de matière, en forme de patte ou d'excroissance, ménagée sur une face intérieure de la cavité de réception et faisant saillie vers l'intérieur de la cavité de réception.
  • La zone de freinage est agencée pour dévier le poussoir perpendiculairement à l'axe de déplacement, pour que le poussoir entre en contact avec la face opposée de la cavité de réception.
  • La zone de freinage comporte un plan incliné qui s'étend vers la face opposée pour dévier le poussoir.
  • Le dispositif comporte une coiffe qui surmonte la cage et qui délimite un logement prolongeant le logement délimité par la cage, la zone de freinage et la butée étant ménagées sur la coiffe.
  • La zone de freinage et la butée sont réalisées d'un seul tenant avec la coiffe par moulage.
  • La zone de freinage et la butée sont réalisées d'un seul tenant avec la cage.
  • La zone de freinage est réalisée en matériau polymère, par exemple en plastique.
According to advantageous but non-compulsory aspects of the invention, such a cut-off device may incorporate one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in any technically permissible combination:
  • The braking zone is formed by adding material, tab-shaped or protruding, formed on an inner face of the receiving cavity and projecting inwardly of the receiving cavity.
  • The braking zone is arranged to deflect the pusher perpendicular to the axis of displacement so that the pusher contacts the opposite face of the receiving cavity.
  • The braking zone has an inclined plane which extends towards the opposite face to deflect the pusher.
  • The device comprises a cap which overcomes the cage and which delimits a housing extending the housing defined by the cage, the braking zone and the stop being formed on the cap.
  • The braking zone and the stop are made in one piece with the cap by molding.
  • The braking zone and the stop are made in one piece with the cage.
  • The braking zone is made of polymer material, for example plastic.

Selon un autre aspect, l'invention concerne un appareil de coupure d'un courant électrique, tel qu'un disjoncteur ou un contacteur, comprenant au moins un dispositif de coupure d'un courant électrique à contacts séparables, tel que décrit précédemment.According to another aspect, the invention relates to an apparatus for breaking an electric current, such as a circuit-breaker or a contactor, comprising at least one device for breaking an electrical current with separable contacts, as described above.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, d'un mode de réalisation d'un appareil de coupure d'un courant électrique comportant un dispositif de coupure, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une illustration schématique et partielle, selon une vue éclatée, d'un appareil de coupure comportant un dispositif de coupure d'un courant électrique conforme à des modes de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • les figures 2 à 4 sont des illustrations schématiques, selon une vue en coupe, du dispositif de coupure de la figure 1 dans différentes positions d'utilisation ;
  • la figure 5 est une illustration schématique, selon une vue rapprochée, de la portion V du dispositif de coupure de la figure 4.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the description which follows, of an embodiment of an apparatus for breaking an electric current comprising a cut-off device. , given solely by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic and partial illustration, in an exploded view, of a switchgear device comprising a device for breaking an electric current according to embodiments of the invention;
  • the Figures 2 to 4 are schematic illustrations, in a sectional view, of the cut-off device of the figure 1 in different positions of use;
  • the figure 5 is a diagrammatic illustration, in a close-up view, of the portion V of the cut-off device of the figure 4 .

La figure 1 représente une portion d'un appareil de coupure d'un courant électrique, contenant un dispositif de coupure 2 d'un courant électrique à contacts séparables et à coupure dans l'air.The figure 1 represents a portion of an apparatus for breaking an electric current, containing a cut-off device 2 of an electric current with separable contacts and cut in air.

Par exemple, l'appareil de coupure est un disjoncteur ou un contacteur.For example, the switchgear is a circuit breaker or a contactor.

De préférence, le dispositif 2 est adapté pour être utilisé avec un courant électrique d'intensité élevée, par exemple supérieure ou égale à 75 A ou à 80 A.Preferably, the device 2 is adapted to be used with an electric current of high intensity, for example greater than or equal to 75 A or 80 A.

A titre d'exemple illustratif, l'appareil de coupure est utilisé dans une ligne d'alimentation de moteurs électriques, aussi nommée ligne de départ moteur.As an illustrative example, the switchgear is used in a power supply line of electric motors, also called motor start line.

L'utilisation du dispositif 2 est particulièrement avantageuse dans les lignes de départ moteur, car les évolutions récentes de certains types de moteurs électriques à courant alternatif font que les courants d'alimentation mis en jeu peuvent être plus importants, notamment à cause de courants d'appel dont l'intensité est fortement supérieure à celle du courant nominal, par exemple jusqu'à dix ou dix-sept fois supérieure. Le dispositif 2 n'est cependant pas limité à ce type d'utilisation et d'autres usages sont possibles.The use of the device 2 is particularly advantageous in the motor starter lines, since the recent evolutions of certain types of AC electric motors make the feed currents involved more important, in particular because of currents of electricity. call whose intensity is much higher than that of the nominal current, for example up to ten or seventeen times higher. The device 2 is however not limited to this type of use and other uses are possible.

L'appareil de coupure comprend un boîtier, par exemple en polymère moulé, à l'intérieur duquel est logé le dispositif 2. Les autres constituants de cet appareil de coupure sont bien connus et ne sont pas illustrés ni décrits plus en détail.The switchgear comprises a housing, for example molded polymer, inside which the device 2 is housed. The other components of this switchgear are well known and are not illustrated or described in more detail.

Selon des modes de mise en oeuvre, l'appareil de coupure comporte plusieurs pôles électriques, pour être associé à une installation électrique polyphasée. Dans ce cas, l'appareil de coupure comporte autant d'exemplaires du dispositif 2 que de pôles, chacun étant associé à une phase électrique. En variante, l'appareil de coupure peut ne comporter qu'un seul pôle et donc qu'un seul dispositif 2. Dans ce qui suit, pour simplifier la description, un seul dispositif 2 est décrit.According to embodiments, the switchgear has several electrical poles, to be associated with a polyphase electrical installation. In this case, the cutoff device comprises as many copies of the device 2 as poles, each associated with an electrical phase. Alternatively, the switchgear may have only one pole and therefore only one device 2. In the following, to simplify the description, a single device 2 is described.

Comme illustré aux figures 1 à 5, le dispositif 2 comporte un contact électrique fixe amont 4 et un contact électrique fixe aval 6, isolés l'un de l'autre et destinés à être raccordés à une installation électrique. Dans l'exemple illustré, les conducteurs 4 et 6 sont des barres métalliques recourbées.As illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 the device 2 comprises an upstream fixed electrical contact 4 and a fixed downstream electrical contact 6, isolated from one another and intended to be connected to an electrical installation. In the example illustrated, the conductors 4 and 6 are curved metal bars.

Les termes « amont » et « aval » sont ici donnés à titre illustratif et le rôle des contacts 4 et 6 peut, en variante, être permuté.The terms "upstream" and "downstream" are given here for illustrative purposes and the role of the contacts 4 and 6 may, alternatively, be permuted.

Les contacts 4 et 6 portent chacun une pastille de contact électrique, respectivement notée 8 et 10, réalisée en un matériau électriquement conducteur, tel que l'argent.The contacts 4 and 6 each carry an electrical contact pad, respectively denoted 8 and 10, made of an electrically conductive material, such as silver.

Le dispositif 2 comporte également une cage 12 ainsi qu'un porte-contact mobile 14, aussi nommé poussoir 14 dans ce qui suit. Dans cet exemple, le poussoir 14 et présente une forme oblongue.The device 2 also comprises a cage 12 and a movable contact holder 14, also called pusher 14 in what follows. In this example, the pusher 14 and has an oblong shape.

La cage 12 est solidaire d'un corps de l'appareil de coupure. Elle délimite une cavité de réception à l'intérieur de laquelle le poussoir 14 est reçu. La cavité de réception s'étend depuis le fond de la cage 12 jusqu'à une extrémité distale qui fait face aux contacts fixes 4 et 6.The cage 12 is secured to a body of the cutting apparatus. It delimits a receiving cavity within which the pusher 14 is received. The receiving cavity extends from the bottom of the cage 12 to a distal end that faces the fixed contacts 4 and 6.

La cage 12 autorise un déplacement réversible du poussoir 14 en translation par rapport à un axe longitudinal fixe X14. Le poussoir 14 reste au moins en partie dans la cavité de réception lors de son déplacement.The cage 12 allows a reversible displacement of the pusher 14 in translation relative to a fixed longitudinal axis X14. The pusher 14 remains at least partly in the receiving cavity during its movement.

Par exemple, la cage 12 comporte des parois latérales parallèles à l'axe X14 et munies de moyens de guidage permettant d'assurer ce mouvement de translation. Dans l'exemple illustré, la cavité de réception est délimitée par les parois latérales et par le fond de la cage 12.For example, the cage 12 has side walls parallel to the axis X14 and provided with guide means to ensure this translational movement. In the illustrated example, the receiving cavity is delimited by the side walls and by the bottom of the cage 12.

Le poussoir 14 comporte un contact mobile 16, aussi nommé pont de contact 16, réalisé en un matériau électriquement conducteur, par exemple en forme de lame plate, qui dans cet exemple est disposée perpendiculairement à l'axe X14.The pusher 14 comprises a movable contact 16, also called contact bridge 16, made of an electrically conductive material, for example in the form of a flat blade, which in this example is disposed perpendicularly to the axis X14.

Le contact mobile 16 est pourvu de pastilles de contact 18 et 20 disposées en regard, respectivement, des pastilles de contact 8 et 10. On comprend donc que les pastilles 8 et 10 sont alignées avec les pastilles 18 et 20, respectivement, parallèlement à l'axe X14.The movable contact 16 is provided with contact pads 18 and 20 arranged opposite, respectively, contact pads 8 and 10. It is therefore understood that the pads 8 and 10 are aligned with the pads 18 and 20, respectively, parallel to the X14 axis.

Le dispositif 2 est ainsi commutable, par déplacement du poussoir 14 le long de l'axe X14, entre un état fermé, dans lequel le contact mobile 16 assure une conduction électrique entre les contacts fixes 4 et 6 par contact des pastilles 8, 10, 18, 20 et un état ouvert, dans lequel le contact mobile 16 est maintenu à distance des contacts fixe 6 et 8.The device 2 is thus switchable, by displacement of the pusher 14 along the axis X14, between a closed state, in which the movable contact 16 provides electrical conduction between the fixed contacts 4 and 6 by contacting the pellets 8, 10, 18, 20 and an open state, in which the movable contact 16 is kept at a distance from the fixed contacts 6 and 8.

Le poussoir 14 comporte un corps 22 sur lequel est monté le contact 16. Le corps 22 est muni d'une excroissance rigide s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe X14 et formant une extrémité distale 24 du poussoir 14. L'extrémité opposée 26 du poussoir 14 est connectée à un organe de rappel élastique 28 solidaire du corps de l'appareil, par exemple fixé sur un fond de la cage 12.The pusher 14 comprises a body 22 on which the contact 16 is mounted. The body 22 is provided with a rigid protrusion extending parallel to the axis X 14 and forming a distal end 24 of the pusher 14. The opposite end 26 pusher 14 is connected to an elastic return member 28 integral with the body of the apparatus, for example fixed on a bottom of the cage 12.

L'organe 28 est adapté pour exercer une force qui repousse le poussoir 14 en direction des contacts fixes 4 et 6, c'est-à-dire en l'éloignant du fond de la cage 12. Cette force est ici dirigée parallèlement à l'axe X14.The member 28 is adapted to exert a force that pushes the pusher 14 towards the fixed contacts 4 and 6, that is to say away from the bottom of the cage 12. This force is here directed parallel to the X14 axis.

Par exemple, l'organe 28 est un ressort de pression de contact. Le ressort 28 est ici un ressort à compression de type hélicoïdal.For example, the member 28 is a contact pressure spring. The spring 28 is here a compression spring type helical.

La référence 30 désigne un palonnier mécanique qui est couplé à un mécanisme de commande et/ou de déclenchement de l'appareil électrique.The reference 30 designates a mechanical lifter which is coupled to a mechanism for controlling and / or triggering the electrical apparatus.

Pour fermer le dispositif 2, le palonnier 30 appuie sur l'excroissance 24, de manière à repousser le poussoir 14 vers le fond de la cage, en s'opposant à la force de rappel de l'organe 28 et en la surmontant. Pour ouvrir le dispositif 2, le palonnier 30 s'éloigne du poussoir 14 de manière à le libérer et à autoriser son déploiement sous l'action de l'organe 28.To close the device 2, the lifter 30 presses the protrusion 24, so as to push the pusher 14 towards the bottom of the cage, by opposing the restoring force of the member 28 and overlying it. To open the device 2, the lifter 30 moves away from the pusher 14 so as to release it and allow its deployment under the action of the member 28.

A titre d'exemple, le palonnier 30 est monté pivotant par rapport à une armature de l'appareil de coupure, pour se déplacer entre une position d'appui sur l'excroissance 24 et une position éloignée de l'excroissance 24.By way of example, the spreader 30 is pivotally mounted with respect to an armature of the cut-off device, to move between a bearing position on the protrusion 24 and a position remote from the protrusion 24.

De façon connue, le dispositif 2 peut également comporter une chambre d'extinction d'arc électrique, non illustrée ici.In known manner, the device 2 may also include an arc extinction chamber, not shown here.

Le dispositif 2 comporte une coiffe 40 qui surmonte la cage 12. La coiffe 40 délimite un logement qui prolonge, le long de l'axe X14, la cavité de la cage 12 dans laquelle le poussoir 14 est reçu. Dans ce qui suit, la « cavité de réception » désigne donc le volume interne délimité conjointement par la cage 12 et par la coiffe 40 et à l'intérieur duquel le poussoir 14 se déplace.The device 2 comprises a cap 40 which overcomes the cage 12. The cap 40 defines a housing which extends, along the axis X14, the cavity of the cage 12 in which the pusher 14 is received. In what follows, the "receiving cavity" thus designates the internal volume delimited jointly by the cage 12 and the cap 40 and within which the pusher 14 moves.

Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 1, l'appareil de coupure comporte trois pôles, et donc trois exemplaires du dispositif 2. La coiffe 40 illustrée fait partie d'une pièce comprenant plusieurs coiffes analogues, destinées à être utilisées dans des dispositifs 2 de l'appareil de coupure voisins de celui illustré. Toutefois, d'autres façons de réaliser la coiffe 40 sont possibles. En particulier, la coiffe 40 peut être indépendante des coiffes appartenant aux autres dispositifs 2 de l'appareil de coupure.In the example shown in figure 1 , the cut-off device comprises three poles, and therefore three copies of the device 2. The coping 40 illustrated is part of a room comprising several similar caps, intended to be used in devices 2 of the cut-off apparatus next to that illustrated. However, other ways of making the cap 40 are possible. In particular, the cap 40 may be independent of the caps belonging to the other devices 2 of the switchgear.

La coiffe 40 comporte une zone de freinage 42 et une butée 44, plus particulièrement visibles sur la figure 5.The cap 40 comprises a braking zone 42 and a stop 44, more particularly visible on the figure 5 .

Par exemple, la zone de freinage 42 et la butée 44 sont réalisées d'un seul tenant avec la coiffe 40.For example, the braking zone 42 and the stop 44 are made in one piece with the cap 40.

La zone de freinage 42 est adaptée pour ralentir le déplacement du poussoir 14 lorsqu'il se déploie vers les contacts fixes 4, 6 après qu'il ait atteint une position dite d'approche située en amont des contacts 4, 6. L'expression « amont » est ici définie pour le sens du déplacement du poussoir 14 lors de la fermeture du dispositif 2.The braking zone 42 is adapted to slow the displacement of the pusher 14 when it deploys towards the fixed contacts 4, 6 after reaching a so-called approach position upstream of the contacts 4, 6. "Upstream" is here defined for the direction of movement of the pusher 14 during closure of the device 2.

Plus précisément, la zone 42 forme une restriction qui réduit localement les dimensions internes de la section transversale de la cavité de réception, cette section étant perpendiculaire à l'axe X14. En fait, en dehors de la zone 42, la section de la cavité est plus grande que la section transversale du corps 22, de sorte que le corps 22 du poussoir 14 n'est pas constamment en contact avec les faces internes de la cavité de réception, sauf éventuellement au niveau de moyens de guidage en translation.Specifically, the zone 42 forms a restriction which locally reduces the internal dimensions of the cross section of the receiving cavity, this section being perpendicular to the axis X14. In fact, outside the zone 42, the section of the cavity is larger than the cross section of the body 22, so that the body 22 of the pusher 14 is not constantly in contact with the internal faces of the cavity of the cavity. reception, except possibly at the level of translation guide means.

Au niveau de la zone 42, la section de la cavité est rétrécie, de sorte à être de même taille que la section du corps 22, pour que le corps 22 soit en contact direct avec la zone 42. Le frottement entre le corps 22 et la zone 42 permet de freiner le poussoir 14. Par exemple, la hauteur de la cavité est égale à la hauteur du corps 22. La zone 42 est dimensionnée en conséquence.At the zone 42, the section of the cavity is narrowed, so as to be of the same size as the section of the body 22, so that the body 22 is in direct contact with the zone 42. The friction between the body 22 and the zone 42 makes it possible to brake the pusher 14. For example, the height of the cavity is equal to the height of the body 22. The zone 42 is dimensioned accordingly.

Selon des modes de réalisation, la zone 42 est formée par un ajout de matière, ici en forme de patte ou d'excroissance, pouvant être rigide ou partiellement déformable, ménagée sur une face intérieure de la cavité de réception et faisant saillie vers l'intérieur de la cavité de réception.According to embodiments, the zone 42 is formed by an addition of material, here in the form of a tab or protrusion, which may be rigid or partially deformable, formed on an inner face of the receiving cavity and projecting towards the inside the receiving cavity.

Par exemple, la zone 42 est ménagée sur une face intérieure inférieure 46 de la cavité de réception. La face 46 est opposée à une face intérieure supérieure 47 de la cavité.For example, the zone 42 is formed on a lower inner face 46 of the receiving cavity. The face 46 is opposite an upper inner face 47 of the cavity.

La zone de freinage 42 est ici réalisée en matériau polymère, par exemple en plastique.The braking zone 42 is here made of polymer material, for example plastic.

Avantageusement, la zone 42 est agencée pour dévier le poussoir 14 perpendiculairement à l'axe X14, pour qu'il entre en contact avec la face 47 opposée de la cavité. Cela augmente les frottements entre le poussoir 14 et la cage 12 et freine encore plus le poussoir 14.Advantageously, the zone 42 is arranged to deflect the pusher 14 perpendicularly to the axis X14, so that it comes into contact with the opposite face 47 of the cavity. This increases the friction between the pusher 14 and the cage 12 and further slows the pusher 14.

Par exemple, la zone 42 comporte à cet effet un plan incliné 48 qui s'étend vers la face opposée 47. Plus précisément, la base du plan incliné 48 est en contact avec la face 46 et le plan 48 est incliné de façon à se rapprocher de la face 47 au fur et à mesure que l'on s'avance le long de l'axe X14 vers l'extrémité distale de la cavité.For example, the zone 42 has for this purpose an inclined plane 48 which extends towards the opposite face 47. More specifically, the base of the inclined plane 48 is in contact with the face 46 and the plane 48 is inclined so as to move closer to the face 47 as one advances along the axis X14 towards the distal end of the cavity.

En variante, la zone 42 peut être formée sur la face 47. Selon une autre variante, la zone 42 est formée sur face latérale de la cavité de réception, c'est-à-dire une face parallèle au plan de coupe de la figure 5. Dans ces variantes, la position de la butée 44 et la forme du plan incliné 48 sont modifiées en conséquence.Alternatively, the zone 42 may be formed on the face 47. According to another variant, the zone 42 is formed on the side face of the receiving cavity, that is to say a face parallel to the section plane of the figure 5 . In these variants, the position of the stop 44 and the shape of the inclined plane 48 are modified accordingly.

La zone 42 s'étend sur une longueur L dont la valeur précise est choisie en fonction des dimensions du poussoir 14 et des caractéristiques de l'organe de rappel 28, qui dépendent elles-mêmes du calibre en courant du dispositif 1. A titre d'exemple illustratif, pour un appareil de calibre de 13 à 80 Ampères, la longueur L est égale à 1,5mm. La longueur L est mesurée parallèlement à l'axe X14.The zone 42 extends over a length L whose precise value is chosen as a function of the dimensions of the pusher 14 and the characteristics of the return member 28, which themselves depend on the current rating of the device 1. illustrative example, for a device with a gauge of 13 to 80 amperes, the length L is equal to 1.5 mm. The length L is measured parallel to the axis X14.

La zone 42 s'étend ici jusqu'à l'extrémité distale de la cavité.Area 42 extends here to the distal end of the cavity.

La butée 44 est agencée pour arrêter le mouvement de translation du poussoir 14 lorsqu'il arrive en bout de course, une fois que le contact est établi entre les contacts fixes et le contact mobile. La butée 44 s'étend en saillie par rapport à l'intérieur de la cavité. La butée 44 est ici rigide. Elle est disposée à l'extrémité distale de la cavité, sur la coiffe 40.The stop 44 is arranged to stop the translational movement of the pusher 14 when it reaches the end of the race, once the contact is established between the fixed contacts and the movable contact. The stop 44 extends projecting with respect to the interior of the cavity. The abutment 44 is here rigid. It is disposed at the distal end of the cavity, on the cap 40.

Dans cet exemple, la butée 44 est disposée sur la face 47 à l'opposé de la zone 42 par rapport à l'axe X14. Plus précisément, elle est disposée à l'aplomb de l'extrémité terminale de la zone 42.In this example, the stop 44 is disposed on the face 47 opposite the zone 42 with respect to the axis X14. More specifically, it is disposed vertically above the end of the zone 42.

On comprend donc que le poussoir 14 peut se déplacer selon une surcourse entre la position dans laquelle les contacts 4, 6 et 16 se touchent, dans le cas où les pastilles 8, 10, 18 et 20 ont une épaisseur nominale, et la position dans laquelle il est arrêté par la butée 14. Cela permet notamment de tenir compte qu'au cours de la vie du dispositif 2, les pastilles 8, 10, 18, 20 s'érodent naturellement de sorte que leur épaisseur diminue et devient inférieure à l'épaisseur nominale. On évite ainsi de se trouver dans une situation où le mouvement du poussoir 14 est arrêté prématurément.It is therefore understood that the pusher 14 can move in an overtravel between the position in which the contacts 4, 6 and 16 touch each other, in the case where the pellets 8, 10, 18 and 20 have a nominal thickness, and the position in which it is stopped by the stop 14. This allows to take into account that during the life of the device 2, the pellets 8, 10, 18, 20 erode naturally so that their thickness decreases and becomes lower than the nominal thickness. This avoids being in a situation where the movement of the pusher 14 is stopped prematurely.

Avantageusement, la zone 42 et la butée 44 sont placées sur une coiffe 40 distincte de la cage 12 sans avoir à modifier la structure de la cage 12. La zone 42 et la butée 44 peuvent donc être ajoutées sur des gammes de dispositifs existants sans avoir à modifier leur architecture.Advantageously, the zone 42 and the stop 44 are placed on a cap 40 distinct from the cage 12 without having to modify the structure of the cage 12. The zone 42 and the stop 44 can therefore be added to existing device ranges without having to modify their architecture.

Dans des variantes non illustrées, la coiffe 40 est partie intégrante de la cage 12 au lieu d'être une pièce séparée. En d'autres termes, la zone 42 et la butée 44 sont ménagées directement sur la cage 12.In non-illustrated variants, the cap 40 is an integral part of the cage 12 instead of being a separate part. In other words, the zone 42 and the stop 44 are formed directly on the cage 12.

Selon certains modes de mise en oeuvre, la coiffe 40 est réalisée en un matériau polymère, tel que du plastique. Elle est de préférence fabriquée par moulage, ce qui permet de former la zone 42 et la butée 44 d'un seul tenant avec le reste de la coiffe 40. Il en va de même pour la cage 12 lorsque la zone 42 et la butée 44 sont ménagées sur celle-ci.According to some embodiments, the cap 40 is made of a polymeric material, such as plastic. It is preferably manufactured by molding, which makes it possible to form the zone 42 and the stop 44 in one piece with the rest of the cap 40. The same goes for the cage 12 when the zone 42 and the stop 44 are provided on it.

Un exemple de fonctionnement du dispositif 2 est maintenant illustré en référence aux figures 2 à 4, pour montrer les positions successives du poussoir 14 lors de la fermeture du dispositif 2, c'est-à-dire lorsque le dispositif 2 est commuté depuis l'état ouvert vers l'état fermé.An example of operation of the device 2 is now illustrated with reference to Figures 2 to 4 to show the successive positions of the pusher 14 during closure of the device 2, that is to say when the device 2 is switched from the open state to the closed state.

Initialement, le dispositif 2 est ouvert, comme illustré sur la figure 2. Le palonnier 30 appuie sur l'extrémité 24 et maintient le poussoir 14 dans une position rétractée où l'organe de rappel 28 est comprimé. Les pastilles 8, 18 et 10, 20 sont séparées. Aucun courant ne circule.Initially, the device 2 is open, as illustrated on the figure 2 . The rudder 30 presses the end 24 and keeps the pusher 14 in a retracted position where the return member 28 is compressed. The pellets 8, 18 and 10, 20 are separated. No current flows.

Ensuite, le palonnier 30 est déplacé vers sa position éloignée, dans laquelle il n'appuie plus sur l'extrémité 24. Le poussoir 14 commence à se déployer, c'est-à-dire à se déplacer en translation, dans le sens illustré par la flèche F1 sur la figure 3. Ce faisant, il se rapproche de l'extrémité du logement, jusqu'à ce que le corps 22 arrive en contact avec la zone 42. Le poussoir 14 a alors atteint sa position d'approche.Then, the lifter 30 is moved to its remote position, in which it no longer bears on the end 24. The pusher 14 begins to deploy, that is to say to move in translation, in the illustrated direction by the arrow F1 on the figure 3 . In doing so, it approaches the end of the housing, until the body 22 comes into contact with the zone 42. The pusher 14 has then reached its approach position.

Le poussoir 14 continue à se déplacer, mais il est ralenti à cause des frottements dus au contact entre le corps 22 et la zone 42. Il atteint cependant la position de contact.The pusher 14 continues to move, but it is slowed because of the friction due to the contact between the body 22 and the zone 42. However, it reaches the contact position.

Les pastilles 8, 18 et 10, 20 entrent en contact l'une avec l'autre. Le contact électrique est établi. Le dispositif 2 est fermé. Cette mise en contact est faite sans choc brutal ni sollicitation mécanique excessive du dispositif 2, du fait de la vitesse réduite du poussoir 14.The pellets 8, 18 and 10, 20 come into contact with each other. The electrical contact is established. Device 2 is closed. This contact is made without sudden shock or excessive mechanical stress of the device 2, due to the reduced speed of the pusher 14.

Toutefois, dans cet exemple, la zone 42 n'empêche pas complètement le poussoir 14 de poursuivre son déplacement. Le poussoir 14 continue de se déplacer jusqu'à atteindre la butée 44, qui arrête son mouvement. Cela empêche notamment l'extrémité 24 du poussoir 14 de percuter le palonnier 30 qui est dans sa position éloignée. Le poussoir 14 s'arrête dans sa position de fin de course.However, in this example, the zone 42 does not completely prevent the pusher 14 from continuing to move. The pusher 14 continues to move until reaching the stop 44, which stops its movement. This prevents the end 24 pusher 14 to hit the rudder 30 which is in its remote position. The pusher 14 stops in its end position.

Ainsi, la zone 42 amortit et freine le poussoir avant que le contact mobile 16 atteigne les contacts fixes 4, 6. La mise en contact des contacts fixes 4, 6 avec le contact mobile 16 est moins brutale, ce qui évite d'endommager les pastilles de contact 8, 10, 18, 20 et limite le risque de rebond du poussoir 14. La butée 44 empêche le poussoir 14 de percuter le palonnier 30 lorsqu'il arrive en fin de course, ce qui réduit encore plus le risque de rebonds.Thus, the zone 42 dampens and brakes the pusher before the movable contact 16 reaches the fixed contacts 4, 6. The contacting of the fixed contacts 4, 6 with the movable contact 16 is less abrupt, which avoids damaging the contact pads 8, 10, 18, 20 and limit the risk of rebound pusher 14. The stop 44 prevents the pusher 14 to hit the rudder 30 when it reaches the end of the race, which further reduces the risk of rebounds .

Le dispositif 2 est donc apte à fonctionner avec des courants d'intensité élevée, pouvant notamment atteindre jusqu'à 80 A ou plus, tout en présentant une fiabilité et une durabilité satisfaisantes. En particulier, la zone 42 et la butée 44 n'empêchent pas la commutation du dispositif 2 entre les états ouvert et fermé. De surcroît, la zone 42 et la butée 44 sont faciles à fabriquer et à mettre en oeuvre.The device 2 is therefore able to operate with high intensity currents, in particular up to 80 A or more, while having satisfactory reliability and durability. In particular, the zone 42 and the stop 44 do not prevent the switching of the device 2 between the open and closed states. In addition, the zone 42 and the stop 44 are easy to manufacture and to implement.

Les modes de réalisation et les variantes envisagés ci-dessus peuvent être combinés entre eux pour générer de nouveaux modes de réalisation.The embodiments and alternatives contemplated above may be combined with one another to generate new embodiments.

Claims (9)

Dispositif de coupure (2) d'un courant électrique à contacts séparables pour un appareil de coupure d'un courant électrique, tel qu'un disjoncteur ou un contacteur, ce dispositif de coupure (2) comprenant : - des contacts électriques fixes (4, 6) et un contact électrique mobile (16) ; - une cage (12) et un poussoir (14) mobile apte à se déplacer en translation par rapport à la cage (12) selon un axe de déplacement (X14), la cage (12) délimitant une cavité de réception à l'intérieur de laquelle le poussoir (14) est reçu, le contact électrique mobile (16) étant monté sur le poussoir (14), le déplacement du poussoir (14) le long de l'axe de déplacement (X14) entre une position déployée et une position rétractée permettant de commuter le dispositif de coupure (2), respectivement, entre un état électriquement fermé et un état électriquement ouvert ; - un organe de rappel élastique (28) qui rappelle le poussoir (14) vers sa position déployée ; le dispositif de coupure (2) comportant en outre, disposée à une extrémité distale de la cavité de réception : - une zone de freinage (42) formant une restriction qui réduit localement les dimensions internes de la section transversale de la cavité de réception, afin de ralentir le poussoir (14) lorsqu'il se déplace vers sa position déployée ; - une butée (44) pour arrêter le mouvement de translation du poussoir (14). le dispositif de coupure (2) étant caractérisé en ce que la butée (44) est ménagée à l'opposé de la zone de freinage (42).Device for disconnecting (2) an electric current with separable contacts for a device for breaking an electric current, such as a circuit-breaker or a contactor, this breaking device (2) comprising: - fixed electrical contacts (4, 6) and a movable electrical contact (16); - A cage (12) and a pusher (14) movable able to move in translation relative to the cage (12) along a displacement axis (X14), the cage (12) defining a receiving cavity inside. of which the pusher (14) is received, the movable electrical contact (16) being mounted on the pusher (14), the movement of the pusher (14) along the axis of displacement (X14) between an extended position and a retracted position for switching the breaking device (2), respectively, between an electrically closed state and an electrically open state; - An elastic return member (28) which recalls the pusher (14) to its deployed position; the cutoff device (2) further comprising, disposed at a distal end of the receiving cavity: - a braking zone (42) forming a restriction which locally reduces the internal dimensions of the cross section of the receiving cavity, in order to slow down the pusher (14) as it moves towards its deployed position; - A stop (44) to stop the translational movement of the pusher (14). the cut-off device (2) being characterized in that the stop (44) is arranged opposite the braking zone (42). Dispositif de coupure (2) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone de freinage (42) est formée par un ajout de matière, en forme de patte ou d'excroissance, ménagée sur une face intérieure (46) de la cavité de réception et faisant saillie vers l'intérieur de la cavité de réception.Cut-off device (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the braking zone (42) is formed by adding material, in the form of a tab or protrusion, formed on an inner face (46) of the cavity receiving and protruding inwardly of the receiving cavity. Dispositif de coupure (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la zone de freinage (42) est agencée pour dévier le poussoir (14) perpendiculairement à l'axe de déplacement (X14), pour que le poussoir (14) entre en contact avec la face (47) opposée de la cavité de réception.Cutoff device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the braking zone (42) is arranged to deflect the pusher (14) perpendicularly to the axis of displacement (X14) so that the pusher (14) contacts the opposite face (47) of the receiving cavity. Dispositif de coupure (2) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la zone de freinage (42) comporte un plan incliné (48) qui s'étend vers la face opposée (47) pour dévier le poussoir (14).Cutoff device (2) according to claim 3, characterized in that the braking zone (42) comprises an inclined plane (48) which extends towards the opposite face (47) to deflect the pusher (14). Dispositif de coupure (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une coiffe (40) qui surmonte la cage (12) et qui délimite un logement prolongeant le logement délimité par la cage (12), la zone de freinage (42) et la butée (44) étant ménagées sur la coiffe (40).Cutoff device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a cap (40) which overcomes the cage (12) and which delimits a housing extending the housing defined by the cage (12), the braking zone (42) and the stop (44) being provided on the cap (40). Dispositif de coupure (2) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la zone de freinage (42) et la butée (44) sont réalisées d'un seul tenant avec la coiffe (40) par moulage.Cut-off device (2) according to claim 5, characterized in that the braking zone (42) and the stop (44) are formed in one piece with the cap (40) by molding. Dispositif de coupure (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la zone de freinage (42) et la butée (44) sont réalisées d'un seul tenant avec la cage (12).Cut-off device (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the braking zone (42) and the stop (44) are formed in one piece with the cage (12). Dispositif de coupure (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la zone de freinage (42) est réalisée en matériau polymère, par exemple en plastique.Cutoff device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the braking zone (42) is made of polymer material, for example plastic. Appareil de coupure d'un courant électrique, tel qu'un disjoncteur ou un contacteur, comprenant au moins un dispositif de coupure (2) d'un courant électrique à contacts séparables, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de coupure (2) est selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Apparatus for breaking an electric current, such as a circuit-breaker or a contactor, comprising at least one switching device (2) for an electric current with separable contacts, characterized in that the breaking device (2) is according to any one of the preceding claims.
EP18208629.8A 2017-11-28 2018-11-27 Device for interrupting an electric current Active EP3503144B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1761250A FR3074355B1 (en) 2017-11-28 2017-11-28 ELECTRIC CURRENT CUT-OFF DEVICE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3503144A1 true EP3503144A1 (en) 2019-06-26
EP3503144B1 EP3503144B1 (en) 2020-10-14

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EP (1) EP3503144B1 (en)
CN (1) CN109841431B (en)
FR (1) FR3074355B1 (en)

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EP1073084A2 (en) * 1999-07-29 2001-01-31 ABBPATENT GmbH Arrangement of switch contacts for a circuit breaker
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3074355A1 (en) 2019-05-31
CN109841431A (en) 2019-06-04
CN109841431B (en) 2022-09-02
FR3074355B1 (en) 2020-12-18
EP3503144B1 (en) 2020-10-14

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