EP3492655A1 - Rubber wheel roller for compacting soil and method for controlling an irrigation system of a rubber wheel - Google Patents
Rubber wheel roller for compacting soil and method for controlling an irrigation system of a rubber wheel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3492655A1 EP3492655A1 EP18000923.5A EP18000923A EP3492655A1 EP 3492655 A1 EP3492655 A1 EP 3492655A1 EP 18000923 A EP18000923 A EP 18000923A EP 3492655 A1 EP3492655 A1 EP 3492655A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- temperature
- wheels
- temperature sensor
- chassis part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
- E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
- E01C19/238—Wetting, cleaning or heating rolling elements, e.g. oiling, wiping, scraping
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
- E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
- E01C19/26—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil self-propelled or fitted to road vehicles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
- E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
- E01C19/27—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil with elastically-deformable rolling elements, e.g. pneumatic tyres
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rubber wheel roller for compacting a soil, in particular for asphalt compaction. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for controlling a sprinkler system of a rubber wheel roller.
- Generic Gummiradwalzen are typically used for soil compaction and especially in road construction for asphalt compaction. These are self-propelled construction machines, which usually have a machine frame, a drive motor and a drive motor driven chassis with a front chassis part and a rear chassis part. Typically, at least one chassis part comprises at least two juxtaposed wheels with treads.
- the wheels are usually made of an elastic material, such as a rubber material. During the driving over of the ground, the elastic properties of the wheels result in a kneading or rolling effect which results in a particularly good pore closure on the surface of the layer to be compacted when generic rubber wheel rollers are used.
- the operator of the rubber wheel must therefore estimate or observe when the asphalt material threatens to adhere to the wheels no longer. Once the wheels are sufficiently heated, then the sprinkler system can be switched off. If this happens too early, there is a risk of damaging the asphalt layer by detaching pieces stuck to the wheels. However, if the operator shuts down the sprinkler too late, too much release agent is consumed unnecessarily.
- the solution should be as inexpensive as possible.
- the solution succeeds in a Gummiradwalze mentioned above in that a temperature sensor is present, which is designed and arranged such that it determines the temperature of at least one wheel, in particular the running surface of the wheel.
- a basic idea of the present invention is therefore to directly determine the temperature of the wheel and in particular the contact surface of the wheel to the ground, that is the tread.
- the temperature is now determined directly at the point where the adhesion of the asphalt material threatens.
- Particularly suitable for use with the invention are contactless, for example optical, temperature sensors. These can be arranged in the vicinity of the wheels, for example in the wheel arch of the rubber wheel roller, and from there they can be aligned with the running surface of the wheel.
- the arrangement does not have to be in the immediate vicinity of the wheel, but it is only important that the temperature sensor is arranged so that the wheel to be measured is in its measuring field.
- at least one measuring point of the temperature sensor must lie on the wheel, in particular on the running surface of the wheel.
- the temperature of the tread of the wheel is a quantity more directly related to the adhesion of asphalt material than merely the temperature of the ground, since the latter does not provide information about the heating state of the rubber wheel itself.
- the measured temperature of the wheel, in particular the running surface of the wheel can be displayed to the operator of the rubber wheel roller, which makes it much more accurate to estimate whether or not adhesion of asphalt material is still to be feared.
- the operator can therefore adapt the switching on and / or off of the sprinkler system much more precisely to the actual need for sprinkling, as a result of which a total of separating agents is saved.
- the sprinkler system is fully automatically controlled by a control unit which accesses the temperature value of at least the temperature sensor for controlling the sprinkler system, in particular for switching on and / or switching off the sprinkler.
- the temperature sensor is an optical temperature sensor with a measuring field and at least one measuring point.
- the temperature sensor may thus be designed as a thermal imaging or infrared camera.
- the temperature sensor comprises an infrared sensor array, or the temperature sensor is designed as an infrared sensor array.
- An infrared sensor array is a measuring device with which the temperature of several measuring points can be determined at the same time.
- An infrared sensor array can be considered, for example, as an infrared camera with only a few pixels or pixels representing the measuring points.
- an infrared sensor array can have 16 ⁇ 4 pixels or measuring points.
- a temperature scanner can also be used. This essentially has only a single measuring point, but directs it alternately to at least two points of a rubber wheel and / or at least one point in each case on at least two rubber wheels.
- Rubber wheel rollers usually have a plurality of juxtaposed wheels.
- the wheels may have different temperatures.
- the Gummiradwalze partially drive on an already cooled asphalt stripe and partly on a hot asphalt stripe, whereby the respective hot or cold asphalt coming into contact with the wheels have different temperatures.
- the optical temperature sensor is designed and arranged such that the measuring field comprises at least one measuring point on at least two wheels, in particular on the running surface of the respective wheel.
- the at least two wheels can be arranged next to one another, for example.
- it may be, for example, two adjacent wheels, which are arranged transversely to the direction of the rubber wheel on the left or the right outer side of the chassis part.
- the wheels arranged transversely to the working direction often have a different temperature to the wheels arranged further inwardly next to the outer wheels. This is because the wheels located further inside are already shielded from the environment by the outer wheels. It is therefore to be expected especially between these wheels with a temperature difference.
- the optical temperature sensor is designed and arranged such that the measuring field comprises at least one measuring point on each wheel of the respective chassis part, in particular on the running surface of the respective wheel.
- the temperature of each wheel of the chassis part is determined by the temperature sensor. This information can then be displayed to the operator or used directly to control the sprinkler, for example, as will be described in more detail below.
- the temperature data for each individual wheel is known, it can be decided particularly efficiently whether the sprinkler system has to be activated or deactivated, depending on which wheel is traveling at what temperature on the hot asphalt material. In this embodiment also comes the advantage of using an infrared sensor array especially for carrying.
- An infrared sensor array can be arranged on the rubber wheel roller, for example in the wheel arch of the chassis part or on a provided for this chassis part thermal apron or its holder, that the temperature of each wheel of the chassis part is measured by the temperature sensor. At least one pixel of the measuring field therefore lies on each one of the wheels. In this way, with only a single temperature sensor, the temperature of all wheels of the chassis part can be determined.
- the solution according to the invention is therefore particularly cost-effective, since it is not necessary, for example, to use a separate temperature sensor for each individual wheel to be measured.
- the invention can also be used to advantage in rubber wheeled rollers, in which both the front chassis part and the rear chassis part has wheels.
- a total of two optical temperature sensors are present, wherein an optical temperature sensor determines the temperature of at least one wheel of the front chassis part and the other optical temperature sensor determines the temperature of at least one wheel of the rear chassis part.
- the two temperature sensors each determine the temperature of all arranged in the respective chassis part wheels.
- This information can be used by the operator of the rubber wheel roller, who is shown the corresponding measurement results, in order to realize a particularly efficient control of the sprinkler system.
- Both temperature sensors are particularly preferably designed in each case as an infrared sensor array or temperature scanner.
- a display device is provided, via which the operator can see the temperatures of the wheels which are determined by the temperature sensor. The operator can therefore decide on the basis of the wheel temperature, whether a sprinkling with release agent by the sprinkler is necessary to prevent adhesion of asphalt on the wheels.
- the control unit is designed to independently control the sprinkler system based on the measured values of the temperature sensor, in particular at least to activate and / or deactivate. This can be done in addition or alternatively to the presence of a display device. It is thus provided that the control unit directly controls the sprinkler system automatically on the basis of the temperatures of the wheels measured by the temperature sensor or the temperature sensors, without the operator having to additionally act for this purpose.
- the control unit activates the sprinkler when the temperature of the at least one wheel is below a predetermined threshold.
- the control unit may deactivate the sprinkler if the temperature of the wheel is above or below the predetermined threshold.
- different threshold values can be preset here. Typical threshold values are for example in the range from 60 ° C to 110 ° C, in particular at 80 ° C. The concrete appropriate threshold depends on the softening point of the bitumen grade used in the bituminous mixture.
- the rubber wheel roller or the above-mentioned control unit is selectively switchable to a "rolling mode” and / or “sprinkling mode", in particular to prevent that during normal driving outside the rolling operation, ie when the ground and the Wheels are cold, the sprinkler system is automatically activated by the control unit.
- the control unit is designed to irrigate the wheels arranged on the outside of a working direction separately from or between them Steering wheel wheels.
- the sprinkler is at the same time designed such that it can sprinkle the transversely to the direction of the outside wheels arranged independently of the other wheels of a chassis part. As already indicated, it sometimes happens that the wheels of a chassis part lying transversely to the working direction are colder than those lying between these wheels.
- the control unit stops the irrigation of the inside wheels, while the transverse to the direction of the outside wheels of the chassis part are further sprinkled until they have reached the necessary temperature.
- the control unit be so designed to control the irrigation of each individual wheel independently of the remaining wheels.
- the sprinkler system is designed such that the irrigation of each individual wheel can be activated or deactivated independently of the other wheels.
- the sprinkler on a spray bar which has its own spray nozzle for each wheel, each spray nozzle has its own valve, which is individually controlled by the control unit. In this way, the control unit can respond to any asymmetry in the temperatures of the wheels individually.
- the control unit activates the sprinkling at those wheels whose temperature is below a predetermined threshold, while the control unit deactivates the sprinkling of those wheels whose temperature is above a predetermined threshold.
- the above-mentioned thresholds can be used. Due to the control of the irrigation of each individual wheel independently of the other wheels, the sprinkling with separating agent is actually carried out only at those wheels and in the temperature range in which adhesion of the asphalt material to the wheels is possible. The release agent is thus used very efficiently and greatly reduces the consumption of the release agent.
- the temperature sensor is designed and arranged such that in addition to the temperature of the at least one wheel, the temperature of the soil is also determined. In other words, at least one measuring point of the measuring field of the temperature sensor is located on the ground, so that its temperature can be measured by the temperature sensor.
- an infrared sensor array which has sufficient pixels or measuring points to cover all the wheels of a chassis part as well as the ground and to determine the respective temperatures. It is particularly preferred if, in addition to the temperature of each wheel, the temperature of that floor section over which this wheel travels is also determined. For each wheel of the rubber wheel so two temperatures are measured, which correspond once to the running surface of the wheel and once the surface coming into contact with this tread surface.
- the temperature of the soil can then be taken into account by the control unit in the control of the sprinkler system.
- the control unit is designed to activate the sprinkler through the sprinkler system when the temperature of the floor is above a threshold value, and to deactivate the sprinkler system when the temperature difference between floor and wheel falls below a predetermined threshold value.
- This procedure is preferably hierarchical, specifically such that only with previously activated sprinkler, i. "warm soil", which would trigger an activation of the sprinkler system on the basis of the temperature, due to the determined temperature of the soil above a threshold value, the determined temperature difference is used for deactivation.
- the threshold for the temperature of the soil or of the asphalt layer, above which the sprinkler system is activated by the control unit is for example between 40 ° C and 80 ° C, for example 55 ° C.
- the automatic activation and deactivation of the sprinkler system prevents the sprinkling from being switched on too late and the asphalt material from adhering to the wheels is. In addition, it prevents the unnecessary use of the irrigation emulsion, although there is no danger of buildup.
- a device for, in particular optical, detection of the outer surface of at least one rubber wheel for example a digital camera
- image processing software it can be used to determine whether or not adhesions actually occur.
- This information can also be displayed to the operator of the rubber wheel roller and / or be used to control the control unit of the sprinkler, for example when the driver sets manually at least one threshold value.
- control unit is adapted to the previously activated irrigation by the sprinkler to turn off automatically when the determined temperature of the soil is below a threshold value. So if the asphalt material has already cooled so far that no sticking to the wheels of the rubber wheel roller is more to be feared, the previously activated sprinkler system is automatically deactivated and thus unnecessary consumption of release agent is prevented.
- This switching off also preferably relates to the sprinkling of each individual wheel individually based on the temperature of that floor section over which the corresponding wheel travels.
- control unit is designed to stop the irrigation by the activated sprinkler system when the temperature difference between the ground and the wheel falls below a predetermined threshold. In this way, separating agent is saved when an adhesion of the asphalt material to the wheel due to cooling of the material by the contact of the wheel is no longer to be feared.
- the above-described control of the sprinkler system for each individual wheel of the rubber wheel roller is done individually and independently of the other wheels or by the sprinkling of the other wheels of the rubber wheel roller.
- the irrigation of a wheel thus depends only on the temperature of the wheel and the temperature of the soil, in particular that floor portion over which this wheel travels, and the temperature difference between the wheel and the floor or this floor section.
- the decision as to whether a wheel is sprayed with separating agent is made by the control unit on the basis of the measured values of the temperature sensor, which measures the temperature of the affected wheel. For this, the operator of the rubber wheel roller does not have to give any more control commands.
- the irrigation is therefore automatically controlled by the control unit according to objectively determined needs of the individual wheel.
- the temperature sensor must be arranged in such a way that at least the wheels to be measured and optionally the ground are in its measuring field.
- the temperature sensor may be arranged in the wheel arch of the rubber wheel roller.
- the temperature sensor should be arranged so that it is spared as possible from the harsh working conditions within the wheel house. It is therefore preferred that the temperature sensor is arranged in the upper half, preferably in the upper third, more preferably in the upper quarter, most preferably in the upper fifth and at best at the upper vertex of a wheel well.
- the temperature sensor reset in a shaft or a sensor view shaft, which opens into the wheel arch and from which the temperature sensor has a free field of view the wheels to be measured and possibly the ground. Due to the offset of the temperature sensor in a shaft, this is additionally protected against negative environmental influences.
- a blow-off device can be provided which prevents the temperature sensor, in particular the infrared temperature sensor, from becoming dirty.
- the solution of the problem initially set also succeeds with a method for controlling a sprinkler of a Gummiradwalze, in particular a Gummiradwalze described above, comprising the steps of: determining the temperature of at least one wheel, in particular the tread of the wheel, by a temperature sensor and controlling the sprinkling of at least a wheel through the sprinkler on the basis of the measured values of the temperature sensor by a control unit.
- All of the features, advantages and effects outlined above for the rubber wheel roller likewise apply in a figurative sense to the method according to the invention.
- the corresponding threshold values also correspond to the above-mentioned values. It is therefore only referred to avoid repetition of the above statements.
- the method comprises at least one of the following steps: determining the temperature of at least two wheels, in particular the running surface of the respective wheel, by means of a temperature sensor; Determining the temperature of all wheels of the respective chassis part, in particular the running surface of the respective wheel, by a temperature sensor; Determining the temperature of all the wheels of the front and rear chassis parts, in particular the running surface of the respective wheel, by a respective temperature sensor for the front chassis part and the rear chassis part; Controlling the sprinkling of wheels arranged on the outside of a working direction separately from the wheel or wheels located between these wheels; Controlling the irrigation of each individual wheel independently of the remaining wheels; Determining the temperature of the soil; Activating the irrigation by the sprinkler when the temperature of the soil is above a threshold and / or the temperature difference between soil and wheel exceeds a predetermined threshold; and deactivating the sprinkler irrigation when the temperature of the soil is below a threshold; and / or deactivating the irrigation by the sprinkler, when the temperature difference between ground and wheel falls below a
- FIG. 1 shows the rubber roller 1 in side view and FIG. 2 in front view.
- the rubber wheel 1 comprises a driver's station 2 and a machine frame 3, which is supported by a chassis with a front chassis part 5 and a rear chassis part 6.
- the chassis parts 5, 6 each have arranged in wheel arches 9 wheels 7, with which the rubber wheel 1 moves over the bottom 8 to be compacted.
- the energy required for this purpose is provided by a drive motor 4, for example a diesel internal combustion engine.
- a drive motor 4 for example a diesel internal combustion engine.
- working direction a the forward direction of travel of the rubber wheel roller 1 is referred to herein, although the rubber wheel roller 1 can also compress the ground 8 when working in reverse direction.
- the show Figures 1 and 2 one arranged on the front chassis part 5 and the rear chassis part 6 temperature sensor 11 whose measuring field - as explained in more detail later - the wheels 7, in particular their treads 16 (FIG. FIG. 2 ), and includes the floor 8.
- a sprinkler 10 with a spray bar 25 which extends transversely to the direction of a and is designed such that all wheels 7 of the respective chassis part 5, 6 can be sprayed with a release agent.
- the control of the sprinkler systems 10 is carried out by the control unit 12 on the basis of the measured values of the temperature sensors 11.
- FIG. 3 shows the essential parts of the invention of the rubber roller 1 in a plan view.
- the rubber wheel 1 of the embodiment has four juxtaposed wheels 7 in the front Chassis part 5 and also four wheels 7 in the rear chassis part 6, which are each arranged in a wheel arch 9.
- the wheels 7 of the front chassis part 5 are arranged offset transversely to the direction of operation a relative to the wheels 7 of the rear chassis part 6 in order to ensure a uniform compression of the bottom 8 in a crossing of the rubber wheel 1.
- Both the front chassis 5 and the rear chassis 6 has a sprinkler system 10.
- the sprinkler 10 includes a spray bar 25 which extends transversely to the direction of operation a and on which at least one irrigation nozzle 14 is arranged for each wheel 7.
- a liquid release agent are applied to the tread 16 of the respective wheel 7.
- a tank 17 is provided on the rubber wheel 1, which is connected to the sprinkler 10 and supplies them with release agent.
- the connection of the sprinkler 10 to the tank 17 is in FIG. 3 illustrated only for the sprinkler system 10 of the rear chassis part 6.
- the sprinkler system 10, the front chassis part 5, however, is connected to a tank 17 for release agent. This may be the same tank 17, which is also connected to the sprinkler 10 of the rear chassis part 6, or to a separate tank 17th
- each sprinkler nozzle 14 of the spray bar 25 has its own controllable valve which can be opened or closed by the control unit 12.
- Each individual valve of a sprinkler nozzle 14 can be individually and individually, so independently of all other valves, controlled by the control unit 12 and opened or closed.
- the control unit 12 thus decides for each individual wheel 7 whether this wheel 7 must be sprinkled with separating agent in the current operating mode or not. To make this decision, the control unit 12 uses the measurement results of the temperature sensors 11 zoom. As in FIG.
- the temperature sensor 11 for the front chassis part 5 is arranged in the wheel arch 9 of the front chassis part 5. It can either be arranged on the machine frame 3 or on a support for a thermal apron of the chassis part (not shown) or on the thermal apron itself.
- the temperature sensor 11 of the rear chassis part 6 is seen from the wheel housing 9, offset from the interior of the rubber wheel 1 out. In particular, the temperature sensor 11 is arranged in a shaft 26, which is designed to be optically open to the rear chassis part 6.
- the temperature sensor 11 out of the shaft 26 has a free field of view, in particular in the infrared range, on the wheels 7 of the chassis part and the bottom 8.
- the offset of the temperature sensor 11 to the machine center ensures that the measuring angle required to span a sufficiently large measuring field 13 of the temperature sensor 11, is smaller.
- the temperature sensor 11 is protected by the shaft 26 and is not damaged, for example, by possibly thrown around in the wheel arch 9 Asphaltbrocken.
- the arrangement of the temperature sensors 11 in FIG. 3 is just an example. Thus, both temperature sensors 11 may be arranged in the wheel arch 9 or in a shaft 26, as indicated by way of example for the two chassis parts 5, 6.
- the measuring field 13 of the temperature sensor 11 comprises a plurality of measuring points 15 and pixels.
- the temperature sensor 11, which is designed as an infrared sensor array has a measuring field 13 of 16 ⁇ 4 measuring points 15. Similar to a thermal imaging camera, the temperature sensor 11 thus determines or measures the temperature of an object on which the respective measuring point 15 is located. The measuring field 13 is thus, so to speak, the field of view of the temperature sensor 11.
- the extension of the measuring field 13 is in particular from a synopsis of Figures 3 and 4 out. How out FIG. 3
- the temperature sensor 11 is designed and arranged such that the measuring field 13 covers all the wheels 7 of the respective chassis part 5, 6.
- at least one measuring point 15 lies completely on the running surface 16 of each individual wheel 7 of this chassis part 5, 6.
- the measuring field 13 of the temperature sensor 11 thus extends transversely to the working direction a at least over all running surfaces 16 of the wheels 7. In this way it is ensured that the temperature sensor 11 can assign the respective wheel 7 to at least one measuring point 15, so that the temperature of each wheel 7 can be determined.
- FIG. 4 shows a side view of a wheel 7 of the front chassis part 5. Also shown are the temperature sensor 11 and seen from this perspective expansion of the measuring field 13.
- the measuring field 13 of the temperature sensor 11 comprises both the wheel 7 and the base 8.
- the temperature sensor 11 is designed and arranged such that within its measuring field 13 both at least one measuring point 15 completely on the running surface 16 of at least one individual wheel 7 and in particular each one Rades 7 of the corresponding chassis part 5, 6 (in FIG. 4 Example of the front chassis part 5), as well as at least one measuring point 15 completely on the ground 8, that is to say on the asphalt layer to be compacted. Overall, therefore, the temperatures of all the wheels 7 of the rubber wheel 1 and the bottom 8 can be determined via the two temperature sensors 11.
- the temperature sensor 11 determines the temperature of the bottom 8 for each wheel 7 individually.
- each measuring point 15, which is located on a wheel 7, in particular on the running surface 16 of the wheel 7, a measuring point 15 are assigned to the floor 8, wherein the measuring point 15 for the bottom 8 and the measuring point 15 for the wheel. 7 lie in a common vertical plane, which is aligned parallel to the direction of a.
- the temperature sensor 11 determines both the temperature of the wheel 7 and the temperature of the bottom 8 or of that floor section over which this wheel 7 travels. In this way, a temperature difference to the bottom 8 can be measured or determined individually for each wheel 7 individually. It is thus optimal for the temperature sensor 11 to determine for each wheel 7 both the temperature of the wheel 7 itself and the temperature of the bottom 8 or bottom section driven over by this wheel 7.
- control unit 12 This information is used by the control unit 12 to control the sprinklers 10.
- the control unit 12 is designed to carry out the method 18, whose flowchart in FIG FIG. 6 is shown.
- step 19 of the method 18 the determination of the wheel temperatures.
- the temperature of all wheels 7 of the rubber wheel 1 via a single temperature sensor 11 per chassis part 5, 6 is determined.
- the temperature of the bottom 8 is also determined in step 11 by at least one of the temperature sensors 11.
- each temperature of a wheel 7 measured by the temperature sensor 11 can be assigned a temperature of the floor 8 over which this wheel 7 travels.
- the sprinkler 10 is then controlled by the control unit 12.
- the control may include different control commands.
- the control unit 12 activates the sprinkling of this wheel 7 via the sprinkler 14 according to step 22.
- a predetermined threshold for example, a threshold of 10 ° C
- the control unit 12 deactivates the sprinkler 10, and in particular the sprinkling of that wheel 7, which runs over that bottom portion whose temperature is below the threshold, according to step 23.
- the sprinkling is deactivated according to step 24 "and in particular the sprinkling of that wheel 7, which no longer has a sufficient temperature difference to that floor section, which is run over by this wheel 7.
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- Road Paving Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Gummiradwalze (1) zur Verdichtung eines Bodens (8), insbesondere zur Asphaltverdichtung, mit einem Maschinenrahmen (3), einem Antriebsmotor (4), einem vom Antriebsmotor (4) angetriebenen Fahrwerk mit einem vorderen Fahrwerksteil (5) und einem hinteren Fahrwerksteil (6), wobei wenigstens ein Fahrwerksteil (5, 6) wenigstens zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Räder (7) mit Laufflächen (16) umfasst, wenigstens einer Berieselungsanlage (10) für die Räder (7) des Fahrwerksteils (5, 6), die dazu ausgebildet ist, ein flüssiges Trennmittel auf die Laufflächen der Räder (7) auszubringen, und einer Steuereinheit (12) zur Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage (10), wobei ein Temperatursensor (11) vorhanden ist, der derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass er die Temperatur wenigstens eines Rades (7), insbesondere der Lauffläche (16) des Rades (7), bestimmt. Offenbart wird darüber hinaus ein Verfahren (18) zur Steuerung einer Berieselungsanlage (10) einer derartigen Gummiradwalze (1). Rubber wheeled roller (1) for compacting a floor (8), in particular for asphalt compaction, comprising a machine frame (3), a drive motor (4), a chassis driven by the drive motor (4), with a front chassis part (5) and a rear chassis part (6 ), wherein at least one chassis part (5, 6) at least two juxtaposed wheels (7) with running surfaces (16), at least one sprinkler (10) for the wheels (7) of the chassis part (5, 6), which is designed for this purpose to apply a liquid separating agent to the running surfaces of the wheels (7), and a control unit (12) for controlling the sprinkler (10), wherein a temperature sensor (11) is provided, which is arranged and arranged such that it at least one temperature Wheel (7), in particular the running surface (16) of the wheel (7) determined. In addition, a method (18) is disclosed for controlling a sprinkler (10) of such a rubber roller (1).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gummiradwalze zur Verdichtung eines Bodens, insbesondere zur Asphaltverdichtung. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Berieselungsanlage einer Gummiradwalze.The invention relates to a rubber wheel roller for compacting a soil, in particular for asphalt compaction. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for controlling a sprinkler system of a rubber wheel roller.
Gattungsgemäße Gummiradwalzen werden typischerweise zur Bodenverdichtung und insbesondere im Straßenbau zur Asphaltverdichtung eingesetzt. Es handelt sich um selbstfahrende Baumaschinen, die üblicherweise einen Maschinenrahmen, einen Antriebsmotor und ein vom Antriebsmotor angetriebenes Fahrwerk mit einem vorderen Fahrwerksteil und einem hinteren Fahrwerksteil aufweisen. Typischerweise umfasst wenigstens ein Fahrwerksteil wenigstens zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Räder mit Laufflächen. Die Räder sind normalerweise aus einem elastischen Material, beispielsweise einem Gummimaterial, hergestellt. Während des Überfahrens des Bodens ergibt sich durch die elastischen Eigenschaften der Räder ein Knet- beziehungsweise Walkeffekt, durch den es beim Einsatz von gattungsgemäßen Gummiradwalzen zu einem besonders guten Porenschluss an der Oberfläche der zu verdichtenden Schicht kommt.Generic Gummiradwalzen are typically used for soil compaction and especially in road construction for asphalt compaction. These are self-propelled construction machines, which usually have a machine frame, a drive motor and a drive motor driven chassis with a front chassis part and a rear chassis part. Typically, at least one chassis part comprises at least two juxtaposed wheels with treads. The wheels are usually made of an elastic material, such as a rubber material. During the driving over of the ground, the elastic properties of the wheels result in a kneading or rolling effect which results in a particularly good pore closure on the surface of the layer to be compacted when generic rubber wheel rollers are used.
Insbesondere im Straßenbau ist es üblich, das zu verdichtende Asphaltmaterial mit den Gummiradwalzen zu überfahren, während das Asphaltmaterial noch heiß ist. Aufgrund der erhöhten Temperatur ist die Viskosität der Bindemittelanteile der Asphaltschicht, beispielsweise des Bitumens, noch niedrig genug, so dass eine ausreichende Verdichtung erzielt werden kann. Mit abnehmender Temperatur des Asphalts wird dieser dagegen viskoser und damit schlechter verdichtbar. Ein bekanntes Problem bei der Asphaltverdichtung mit Gummiradwalzen ist, dass das heiße Asphaltmaterial aufgrund der vorstehend beschriebenen Eigenschaft an kalten Rädern der Gummiradwalzen haftet. Insbesondere zu Beginn der Arbeiten, wenn die Räder noch deutlich kälter sind als das Asphaltmaterial, kommt es daher immer wieder dazu, dass Asphaltmaterial an den Gummirädern hängenbleibt, wodurch Unebenheiten in der fertigen Asphaltschicht entstehen können. Im Laufe der Arbeiten erwärmen sich dann die Räder, bis der Temperaturunterschied zwischen den Rädern und dem Asphaltmaterial so klein ist, dass das Material nicht mehr an den Rädern hängenbleibt.In particular, in road construction, it is customary to run over the asphalt material to be compacted with the rubber wheel rollers, while the asphalt material is still hot. Due to the elevated temperature, the viscosity of the binder components of the asphalt layer, for example bitumen, is still low enough so that sufficient compaction can be achieved. With decreasing temperature of the asphalt, however, this becomes more viscous and thus less compactable. A known problem in asphalt compaction with rubber wheel rollers is that the hot asphalt material adheres to cold wheels of the rubber wheel rollers due to the property described above. Especially at the beginning of the work, when the wheels are still significantly colder than the asphalt material, It therefore always comes back to asphalt material stuck to the rubber wheels, which can cause bumps in the finished asphalt layer. As the work progresses, the wheels then heat up until the temperature difference between the wheels and the asphalt material is so small that the material no longer gets caught on the wheels.
Um dem Anhaften von Asphaltmaterial an den Rädern entgegenzuwirken, ist es zum einen bekannt, Abstreifer an den Gummirädern vorzusehen, die anhaftendes Asphaltmaterial mechanisch entfernen. Darüber hinaus ist es bekannt, eine Berieselungsanlage für die Räder einzusetzen, die dazu ausgebildet ist, ein flüssiges Trennmittel, beispielsweise lösemittelfreies, wasserverdünnbares Trennmittel, auf die Laufflächen der Räder auszubringen. Typischerweise ist ebenfalls eine Steuereinheit zur Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage vorhanden. Durch das Benetzen der Räder mit dem Trennmittel kann ein Anhaften des Asphaltmaterials von vorneherein verhindert werden. Hierfür müssen allerdings große Mengen des Trennmittels auf der Gummiradwalze mitgeführt werden. Darüber hinaus muss das Trennmittel nachgefüllt werden, sobald der auf der Gummiradwalze mitgeführte Vorrat verbraucht ist. Es wird daher versucht, das Trennmittel möglichst sparsam und nur dann auf die Laufflächen der Räder auszubringen, wenn dies tatsächlich notwendig ist.In order to counteract the adhesion of asphalt material to the wheels, it is known on the one hand to provide scrapers on the rubber wheels which mechanically remove adhering asphalt material. Moreover, it is known to use a sprinkler for the wheels, which is adapted to apply a liquid release agent, for example, solvent-free, water-dilutable release agent, on the running surfaces of the wheels. Typically, there is also a control unit for controlling the sprinkler system. By wetting the wheels with the release agent, adhesion of the asphalt material can be prevented from the outset. For this, however, large amounts of the release agent must be carried on the rubber wheel. In addition, the release agent must be refilled as soon as the stored on the rubber wheel roller supply is consumed. It is therefore attempted to apply the release agent as sparingly as possible and only on the running surfaces of the wheels, if this is actually necessary.
Um den Verbrauch an Trennmittel in der Praxis zu minimieren, muss der Bediener der Gummiradwalze also abschätzen oder beobachten, wann das Asphaltmaterial nicht mehr an den Rädern zu haften droht. Sobald die Räder ausreichend erwärmt sind, kann dann die Berieselungsanlage abgeschaltet werden. Erfolgt dies zu früh, so besteht die Gefahr, die Asphaltschicht durch das Herauslösen von an den Rädern haftenden Stücken zu beschädigen. Schaltet der Bediener die Berieselungsanlage allerdings zu spät ab, so wird unnötig zu viel Trennmittel verbraucht. Um dem Bediener einen Anhaltspunkt zur Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage zu geben, ist es im Stand der Technik bekannt, die Temperatur des Bodens zu bestimmen. Auf diese Weise kann der Bediener besser abschätzen, wie lange er den Boden bearbeiten muss, bis sich die Räder ausreichend erwärmt haben. Auch mit der Messung der Bodentemperatur ist die Entscheidung des Bedieners, die Berieselungsanlage abzuschalten, allerdings weiterhin sehr subjektiv, so dass zum einen Beschädigungen an der Asphaltschicht drohen und zum anderen zu viel Trennmittel verbraucht wird.In order to minimize the consumption of release agent in practice, the operator of the rubber wheel must therefore estimate or observe when the asphalt material threatens to adhere to the wheels no longer. Once the wheels are sufficiently heated, then the sprinkler system can be switched off. If this happens too early, there is a risk of damaging the asphalt layer by detaching pieces stuck to the wheels. However, if the operator shuts down the sprinkler too late, too much release agent is consumed unnecessarily. In order to give the operator an indication of control of the sprinkler, it is known in the art to determine the temperature of the soil. In this way, the operator can better estimate how long he has to work the ground until the wheels have warmed up sufficiently. Even with the measurement of the ground temperature, the decision of the operator to turn off the sprinkler system, however, remains very subjective, so threaten on the one hand damage to the asphalt layer and on the other hand too much release agent is consumed.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, den Verbrauch an Trennmittel zu reduzieren und gleichzeitig die Gefahr einer Beschädigung der zu verdichtenden Bodenschicht zu verringern. Insbesondere ist es die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Möglichkeit anzugeben, wie die Entscheidung darüber, eine Berieselungsanlage im Arbeitsbetrieb an- oder abzuschalten, objektiver getroffen werden kann. Gleichzeitig soll die Lösung möglichst kostengünstig sein.It is therefore the object of the present invention to reduce the consumption of release agent while reducing the risk of damaging the soil layer to be compacted. In particular, it is the object of the invention to provide a way in which the decision to turn on or off a sprinkler system during operation can be made more objectively. At the same time, the solution should be as inexpensive as possible.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt mit der Gummiradwalze und dem Verfahren gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The solution of this problem is achieved with the rubber wheel and the method according to the independent claims. Preferred developments are specified in the dependent claims.
Konkret gelingt die Lösung bei einer eingangs genannten Gummiradwalze dadurch, dass ein Temperatursensor vorhanden ist, der derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass er die Temperatur wenigstens eines Rades, insbesondere der Lauffläche des Rades, bestimmt. Ein Grundgedanke der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es also, direkt die Temperatur des Rades und insbesondere der Kontaktfläche des Rades zum Boden, sprich der Lauffläche, zu bestimmen. Damit wird die Temperatur nunmehr direkt an der Stelle ermittelt, an der ein Anhaften des Asphaltmaterials droht. Zum Einsatz mit der Erfindung eignen sich vor allem kontaktlose, beispielsweise optische, Temperatursensoren. Diese können in der Nähe der Räder, beispielsweise im Radkasten der Gummiradwalze, angeordnet sein und von dort auf die Lauffläche des Rades ausgerichtet werden. Dabei muss die Anordnung nicht in unmittelbarer Nähe zum Rad erfolgen, sondern es ist lediglich wichtig, dass der Temperatursensor so angeordnet ist, dass sich das zu messende Rad in seinem Messfeld befindet. Mit anderen Worten muss mindestens ein Messpunkt des Temperatursensors auf dem Rad, insbesondere auf der Lauffläche des Rades, liegen. Die Temperatur der Lauffläche des Rades ist eine Größe, die direkter mit dem Anhaften von Asphaltmaterial zusammenhängt als lediglich die Temperatur des Bodens, da letztere keine Information über den Erwärmungszustand des Gummirades selbst zur Verfügung stellt. Die gemessene Temperatur des Rades, insbesondere der Lauffläche des Rades, kann dem Bediener der Gummiradwalze angezeigt werden, wodurch dieser deutlich genauer abschätzen kann, ob derzeit noch ein Anhaften von Asphaltmaterial zu befürchten ist oder nicht. Der Bediener kann daher das Ein- und/oder Ausschalten der Berieselungsanlage deutlich genauer an den tatsächlichen Bedarf einer Berieselung anpassen, wodurch insgesamt Trennmittel eingespart wird. Genauso denkbar und vom Umfang der Erfindung mit umfasst ist es, dass ergänzend oder alternativ die Berieselungsanlage vollautomatisch von einer Steuereinheit gesteuert wird, die auf den Temperaturwert wenigstens des Temperatursensors zur Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage zurückgreift, insbesondere zum An- und/oder Abschalten der Berieselung.Specifically, the solution succeeds in a Gummiradwalze mentioned above in that a temperature sensor is present, which is designed and arranged such that it determines the temperature of at least one wheel, in particular the running surface of the wheel. A basic idea of the present invention is therefore to directly determine the temperature of the wheel and in particular the contact surface of the wheel to the ground, that is the tread. Thus, the temperature is now determined directly at the point where the adhesion of the asphalt material threatens. Particularly suitable for use with the invention are contactless, for example optical, temperature sensors. These can be arranged in the vicinity of the wheels, for example in the wheel arch of the rubber wheel roller, and from there they can be aligned with the running surface of the wheel. In this case, the arrangement does not have to be in the immediate vicinity of the wheel, but it is only important that the temperature sensor is arranged so that the wheel to be measured is in its measuring field. In other words, at least one measuring point of the temperature sensor must lie on the wheel, in particular on the running surface of the wheel. The temperature of the tread of the wheel is a quantity more directly related to the adhesion of asphalt material than merely the temperature of the ground, since the latter does not provide information about the heating state of the rubber wheel itself. The measured temperature of the wheel, in particular the running surface of the wheel, can be displayed to the operator of the rubber wheel roller, which makes it much more accurate to estimate whether or not adhesion of asphalt material is still to be feared. The operator can therefore adapt the switching on and / or off of the sprinkler system much more precisely to the actual need for sprinkling, as a result of which a total of separating agents is saved. It is equally conceivable and encompassed by the scope of the invention that, additionally or alternatively, the sprinkler system is fully automatically controlled by a control unit which accesses the temperature value of at least the temperature sensor for controlling the sprinkler system, in particular for switching on and / or switching off the sprinkler.
Grundsätzlich kann jeder geeignete, insbesondere kontaktlose messende, Temperatursensor für die Erfindung eingesetzt werden. Bevorzugt ist es, dass der Temperatursensor ein optischer Temperatursensor mit einem Messfeld und zumindest einem Messpunkt ist. Beispielsweise kann der Temperatursensor also als Wärmebild- beziehungsweise Infrarotkamera ausgebildet sein. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst der Temperatursensor ein Infrarot-Sensor-Array, beziehungsweise ist der Temperatursensor als Infrarot-Sensor-Array ausgebildet. Ein Infrarot-Sensor-Array ist ein Messgerät, mit dem gleichzeitig die Temperatur mehrerer Messpunkte bestimmt werden kann. Ein Infrarot-Sensor-Array kann beispielsweise als Infrarotkamera mit nur wenigen Bildpunkten beziehungsweise Pixeln betrachtet werden, die die Messpunkte darstellen. Beispielsweise kann ein Infrarot-Sensor-Array 16x4 Pixel beziehungsweise Messpunkte aufweisen. Andere Auflösungen sind allerdings auch möglich und erfindungsgemäß einsetzbar. Ergänzend oder alternativ kann auch auf einen Temperaturscanner zurückgegriffen werden. Dieser weist im Wesentlichen nur einen einzigen Messpunkt auf, richtet diesen aber alternierend auf wenigstens zwei Stellen eines Gummirades und/oder wenigstens jeweils eine Stelle an wenigstens zwei Gummirädern.In principle, any suitable, in particular contactless, measuring, temperature sensor can be used for the invention. It is preferred that the temperature sensor is an optical temperature sensor with a measuring field and at least one measuring point. For example, the temperature sensor may thus be designed as a thermal imaging or infrared camera. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the temperature sensor comprises an infrared sensor array, or the temperature sensor is designed as an infrared sensor array. An infrared sensor array is a measuring device with which the temperature of several measuring points can be determined at the same time. An infrared sensor array can be considered, for example, as an infrared camera with only a few pixels or pixels representing the measuring points. By way of example, an infrared sensor array can have 16 × 4 pixels or measuring points. However, other resolutions are also possible and can be used according to the invention. Additionally or alternatively, a temperature scanner can also be used. This essentially has only a single measuring point, but directs it alternately to at least two points of a rubber wheel and / or at least one point in each case on at least two rubber wheels.
Gummiradwalzen weisen üblicherweise mehrere nebeneinander angeordnete Räder auf. Je nach Betriebssituation der Gummiradwalze können die Räder unterschiedliche Temperaturen aufweisen. Beispielsweise kann die Gummiradwalze teilweise auf einem bereits erkalteten Asphaltstreifen und teilweise auf einem noch heißen Asphaltstreifen fahren, wodurch die jeweils mit dem heißen beziehungsweise kalten Asphalt in Kontakt tretenden Räder unterschiedliche Temperaturen aufweisen. Um auch über derartige unterschiedliche Temperaturverhältnisse Informationen zu erhalten, ist es bevorzugt, dass der optische Temperatursensor derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass das Messfeld jeweils zumindest einen Messpunkt auf wenigstens zwei Rädern, insbesondere auf der Lauffläche des jeweiligen Rades, umfasst. Die wenigstens zwei Räder können beispielsweise nebeneinander angeordnet sein. Darüber hinaus kann es sich beispielsweise um zwei nebeneinanderliegende Räder handeln, die quer zur Arbeitsrichtung der Gummiradwalze auf der linken oder der rechten äußeren Seite des Fahrwerksteiles angeordnet sind. Insbesondere die quer zur Arbeitsrichtung ganz außen angeordneten Räder weisen oftmals eine unterschiedliche Temperatur zu den weiter innen neben den äußeren Rädern angeordneten Rädern auf. Dies liegt daran, dass die weiter innen liegenden Räder bereits durch die äußeren Räder von der Umgebung abgeschirmt werden. Es ist daher besonders zwischen diesen Rädern mit einem Temperaturunterschied zu rechnen.Rubber wheel rollers usually have a plurality of juxtaposed wheels. Depending on the operating situation of the rubber wheel roller, the wheels may have different temperatures. For example, the Gummiradwalze partially drive on an already cooled asphalt stripe and partly on a hot asphalt stripe, whereby the respective hot or cold asphalt coming into contact with the wheels have different temperatures. In order to obtain information about such different temperature conditions, it is preferred that the optical temperature sensor is designed and arranged such that the measuring field comprises at least one measuring point on at least two wheels, in particular on the running surface of the respective wheel. The at least two wheels can be arranged next to one another, for example. In addition, it may be, for example, two adjacent wheels, which are arranged transversely to the direction of the rubber wheel on the left or the right outer side of the chassis part. In particular, the wheels arranged transversely to the working direction often have a different temperature to the wheels arranged further inwardly next to the outer wheels. This is because the wheels located further inside are already shielded from the environment by the outer wheels. It is therefore to be expected especially between these wheels with a temperature difference.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn der optische Temperatursensor derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass das Messfeld zumindest einen Messpunkt auf jedem Rad des jeweiligen Fahrwerksteiles, insbesondere auf der Lauffläche des jeweiligen Rades, umfasst. Auf diese Weise wird die Temperatur jedes einzelnen Rades des Fahrwerksteiles vom Temperatursensor bestimmt. Diese Informationen können dann beispielsweise dem Bediener angezeigt oder direkt zur Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage eingesetzt werden, wie nachstehend noch näher beschrieben wird. Sind die Temperaturdaten zu jedem einzelnen Rad bekannt, so kann besonders effizient entschieden werden, ob die Berieselungsanlage aktiviert oder deaktiviert werden muss, je nachdem, welches Rad mit welcher Temperatur auf dem heißen Asphaltmaterial fährt. Bei dieser Ausführungsform kommt ebenfalls der Vorteil des Einsatzes eines Infrarot-Sensor-Arrays besonders zum Tragen. Ein Infrarot-Sensor-Array kann derart an der Gummiradwalze angeordnet werden, beispielsweise im Radkasten des Fahrwerksteiles oder an einer für diesen Fahrwerksteil vorgesehenen thermischen Schürze oder deren Halterung, dass die Temperatur jedes einzelnen Rades des Fahrwerksteiles vom Temperatursensor messbar ist. Zumindest ein Pixel des Messfeldes liegt daher auf jedem einzelnen der Räder. Auf diese Weise kann mit nur einem einzigen Temperatursensor die Temperatur sämtlicher Räder des Fahrwerksteils bestimmt werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist daher besonders kostengünstig, da nicht beispielsweise für jedes einzelne zu messende Rad ein eigener Temperatursensor eingesetzt werden muss.It is very particularly preferred if the optical temperature sensor is designed and arranged such that the measuring field comprises at least one measuring point on each wheel of the respective chassis part, in particular on the running surface of the respective wheel. In this way, the temperature of each wheel of the chassis part is determined by the temperature sensor. This information can then be displayed to the operator or used directly to control the sprinkler, for example, as will be described in more detail below. If the temperature data for each individual wheel is known, it can be decided particularly efficiently whether the sprinkler system has to be activated or deactivated, depending on which wheel is traveling at what temperature on the hot asphalt material. In this embodiment also comes the advantage of using an infrared sensor array especially for carrying. An infrared sensor array can be arranged on the rubber wheel roller, for example in the wheel arch of the chassis part or on a provided for this chassis part thermal apron or its holder, that the temperature of each wheel of the chassis part is measured by the temperature sensor. At least one pixel of the measuring field therefore lies on each one of the wheels. In this way, with only a single temperature sensor, the temperature of all wheels of the chassis part can be determined. The solution according to the invention is therefore particularly cost-effective, since it is not necessary, for example, to use a separate temperature sensor for each individual wheel to be measured.
Die Erfindung kann auch vorteilhaft bei Gummiradwalzen eingesetzt werden, bei denen sowohl der vordere Fahrwerksteil als auch der hintere Fahrwerksteil Räder aufweist. In diesem Fall ist es bevorzugt, dass insgesamt zwei optische Temperatursensoren vorhanden sind, wobei ein optischer Temperatursensor die Temperatur wenigstens eines Rades des vorderen Fahrwerksteils bestimmt und der andere optische Temperatursensor die Temperatur wenigstens eines Rades des hinteren Fahrwerksteils bestimmt. Insbesondere bestimmen die beiden Temperatursensoren jeweils die Temperatur sämtlicher im jeweiligen Fahrwerksteil angeordneter Räder. Insgesamt wird somit durch den Einsatz von nur zwei Temperatursensoren an der Gummiradwalze erreicht, dass die Temperatur von sämtlichen Rädern bestimmbar ist. Diese Informationen kann der Bediener der Gummiradwalze, dem die entsprechenden Messergebnisse angezeigt werden, nutzen, um eine besonders effiziente Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage zu realisieren. Beide Temperatursensoren sind dabei besonders bevorzugt jeweils als Infrarot-Sensor-Array oder Temperaturscanner ausgebildet.The invention can also be used to advantage in rubber wheeled rollers, in which both the front chassis part and the rear chassis part has wheels. In this case, it is preferable that a total of two optical temperature sensors are present, wherein an optical temperature sensor determines the temperature of at least one wheel of the front chassis part and the other optical temperature sensor determines the temperature of at least one wheel of the rear chassis part. In particular, the two temperature sensors each determine the temperature of all arranged in the respective chassis part wheels. Overall, it is thus achieved by the use of only two temperature sensors on the rubber wheel, that the temperature of all wheels can be determined. This information can be used by the operator of the rubber wheel roller, who is shown the corresponding measurement results, in order to realize a particularly efficient control of the sprinkler system. Both temperature sensors are particularly preferably designed in each case as an infrared sensor array or temperature scanner.
Wie schon angedeutet kann es vorgesehen sein, dass eine Anzeigeeinrichtung vorhanden ist, über die dem Bediener die Temperaturen der Räder, die vom Temperatursensor bestimmt werden, anzeigbar sind. Der Bediener kann daher aufgrund der Radtemperatur entscheiden, ob eine Berieselung mit Trennmittel durch die Berieselungsanlage notwendig ist um ein Anhaften von Asphalt an den Rädern zu verhindern. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist es allerdings vorgesehen, dass die Steuereinheit dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselungsanlage anhand der Messwerte des Temperatursensors selbstständig zu steuern, insbesondere zumindest zu aktivieren und/oder zu deaktivieren. Dies kann ergänzend oder alternativ zu dem Vorhandensein einer Anzeigeeinrichtung erfolgen. Es ist also vorgesehen, dass die Steuereinheit direkt die Berieselungsanlage automatisch anhand der von dem Temperatursensor beziehungsweise den Temperatursensoren gemessenen Temperaturen der Räder steuert, ohne dass der Bediener hierzu zusätzlich tätig werden muss. Auf diese Weise wird der letzte subjektive Einfluss bei der Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage eliminiert und gleichzeitig der Bediener der Gummiradwalze entlastet, so dass er sich auf andere Tätigkeiten des Verdichtungsprozesses konzentrieren kann. Beispielsweise aktiviert die Steuereinheit die Berieselungsanlage, wenn die Temperatur des wenigstens einen Rades unter einem vorbestimmten Schwellenwert liegt. Darüber hinaus kann die Steuereinheit die Berieselungsanlage deaktivieren, wenn die Temperatur des Rades über einem oder dem vorgegebenen Schwellenwert liegt. Je nach verwendetem Asphaltmaterial können hier unterschiedliche Schwellenwerte voreingestellt werden. Typische Schwellenwerte liegen beispielsweise im Bereich von 60 °C bis 110 °C, insbesondere bei 80 °C. Der konkrete geeignete Schwellenwert ist vom Erweichungspunkt der im Asphaltmischgut verwendeten Bitumensorte abhängig. Weiter bevorzugt ist es hier vorgesehen, dass die Gummiradwalze bzw. die vorstehend genannte Steuereinheit wahlweise in einen "Walzmodus" und/oder "Berieselungsmodus" schaltbar ist, insbesondere um zu verhindern, dass im normalen Fahrbetrieb außerhalb des Walzbetriebs, d.h. wenn der Boden und die Räder kalt sind, die Berieselungsanlage automatisch von der Steuereinheit aktiviert wird.As already indicated, it can be provided that a display device is provided, via which the operator can see the temperatures of the wheels which are determined by the temperature sensor. The operator can therefore decide on the basis of the wheel temperature, whether a sprinkling with release agent by the sprinkler is necessary to prevent adhesion of asphalt on the wheels. According to a preferred embodiment, however, it is provided that the control unit is designed to independently control the sprinkler system based on the measured values of the temperature sensor, in particular at least to activate and / or deactivate. This can be done in addition or alternatively to the presence of a display device. It is thus provided that the control unit directly controls the sprinkler system automatically on the basis of the temperatures of the wheels measured by the temperature sensor or the temperature sensors, without the operator having to additionally act for this purpose. In this way, the last subjective influence in the control of the sprinkler system is eliminated and at the same time the Relieves the operator of the rubber roller, so that he can concentrate on other activities of the compaction process. For example, the control unit activates the sprinkler when the temperature of the at least one wheel is below a predetermined threshold. In addition, the control unit may deactivate the sprinkler if the temperature of the wheel is above or below the predetermined threshold. Depending on the asphalt material used, different threshold values can be preset here. Typical threshold values are for example in the range from 60 ° C to 110 ° C, in particular at 80 ° C. The concrete appropriate threshold depends on the softening point of the bitumen grade used in the bituminous mixture. Further preferably, it is provided here that the rubber wheel roller or the above-mentioned control unit is selectively switchable to a "rolling mode" and / or "sprinkling mode", in particular to prevent that during normal driving outside the rolling operation, ie when the ground and the Wheels are cold, the sprinkler system is automatically activated by the control unit.
Insbesondere dann, wenn die Temperatur von mehr als einem Rad innerhalb eines Fahrwerksteiles vom Temperatursensor bestimmt wird, ist es bevorzugt, dass dann diese zusätzliche Information ebenfalls zur Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage genutzt wird. So ist es beispielsweise bevorzugt, dass mehr als zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Räder im vorderen Fahrwerksteil und/oder im hinteren Fahrwerksteil angeordnet sind, und dass die Steuereinheit dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselung der quer zu einer Arbeitsrichtung außen angeordneten Räder getrennt von dem oder den zwischen diesen Rädern liegenden Rädern zu steuern. Zweckmäßigerweise ist gleichzeitig die Berieselungsanlage derart ausgebildet, dass sie die quer zur Arbeitsrichtung außen angeordneten Räder unabhängig von den anderen Rädern eines Fahrwerksteiles berieseln kann. Wie bereits angedeutet, kommt es vor, dass die quer zur Arbeitsrichtung außen liegenden Räder eines Fahrwerksteiles kälter sind als diejenigen, die zwischen diesen Rädern liegen. Dies liegt daran, dass die außen angeordneten Räder von der Außenumgebung stärker abgekühlt werden. Während die innenliegenden Räder daher bereits die notwendige Temperatur erreicht haben, so dass auf eine Berieselung dieser Räder verzichtet werden kann, muss diese bei den äußeren Rädern fortgesetzt werden. Damit die bereits heißen inneren Räder allerdings nicht umsonst berieselt werden, stellt die Steuereinheit die Berieselung der innen liegenden Räder ab, während die quer zur Arbeitsrichtung außen liegenden Räder des Fahrwerksteils weiter berieselt werden, bis auch diese die notwendige Temperatur erreicht haben.In particular, when the temperature of more than one wheel within a chassis part is determined by the temperature sensor, it is preferred that then this additional information is also used to control the sprinkler. For example, it is preferred that more than two adjacently arranged wheels are arranged in the front chassis part and / or in the rear chassis part, and that the control unit is designed to irrigate the wheels arranged on the outside of a working direction separately from or between them Steering wheel wheels. Conveniently, the sprinkler is at the same time designed such that it can sprinkle the transversely to the direction of the outside wheels arranged independently of the other wheels of a chassis part. As already indicated, it sometimes happens that the wheels of a chassis part lying transversely to the working direction are colder than those lying between these wheels. This is because the outside wheels are more cooled by the outside environment. Therefore, while the inner wheels have already reached the necessary temperature, so that can be dispensed with a sprinkling of these wheels, this must be continued at the outer wheels. However, so that the already hot inner wheels are not sprinkled in vain, the control unit stops the irrigation of the inside wheels, while the transverse to the direction of the outside wheels of the chassis part are further sprinkled until they have reached the necessary temperature.
Insbesondere in dem Fall, in dem über den oder die Temperatursensoren die Temperaturen sämtlicher Räder der Gummiradwalze bestimmt werden, ist es bevorzugt, dass die Steuereinheit derart ausgebildet, dass sie die Berieselung jedes einzelnen Rades unabhängig von den restlichen Rädern steuert. Entsprechend ist selbstverständlich auch die Berieselungsanlage derart ausgebildet, dass die Berieselung jedes einzelnen Rades unabhängig von den anderen Rädern aktivierbar oder deaktivierbar ist. Beispielsweise weist die Berieselungsanlage einen Sprühbalken auf, der für jedes Rad eine eigene Sprühdüse aufweist, wobei jede Sprühdüse ein eigenes Ventil aufweist, welches von der Steuereinheit einzeln ansteuerbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann die Steuereinheit auf jegliche Asymmetrie in den Temperaturen der Räder individuell eingehen. Egal wie die Temperatur der Räder untereinander verteilt ist, aktiviert die Steuereinheit die Berieselung jeweils bei denjenigen Rädern, deren Temperatur unter einem vorbestimmten Schwellenwert liegt, während die Steuereinheit die Berieselung derjeniger Räder deaktiviert, deren Temperatur oberhalb eines vorbestimmten Schwellenwertes liegt. Auch hier können die bereits vorstehend genannten Schwellenwerte zum Einsatz kommen. Aufgrund der Steuerung der Berieselung jedes einzelnen Rades unabhängig von den anderen Rädern wird die Berieselung mit Trennmittel tatsächlich nur bei denjenigen Rädern und in demjenigen Temperaturbereich durchgeführt, in dem ein Anhaften des Asphaltmaterials an den Rädern möglich ist. Das Trennmittel wird dadurch besonders effizient genutzt und der Verbrauch des Trennmittels stark reduziert.In particular, in the case in which the temperatures of all the wheels of the rubber wheel roller are determined via the temperature sensor or sensors, it is preferred that the control unit be so designed to control the irrigation of each individual wheel independently of the remaining wheels. Accordingly, of course, the sprinkler system is designed such that the irrigation of each individual wheel can be activated or deactivated independently of the other wheels. For example, the sprinkler on a spray bar, which has its own spray nozzle for each wheel, each spray nozzle has its own valve, which is individually controlled by the control unit. In this way, the control unit can respond to any asymmetry in the temperatures of the wheels individually. No matter how the temperature of the wheels is distributed among each other, the control unit activates the sprinkling at those wheels whose temperature is below a predetermined threshold, while the control unit deactivates the sprinkling of those wheels whose temperature is above a predetermined threshold. Again, the above-mentioned thresholds can be used. Due to the control of the irrigation of each individual wheel independently of the other wheels, the sprinkling with separating agent is actually carried out only at those wheels and in the temperature range in which adhesion of the asphalt material to the wheels is possible. The release agent is thus used very efficiently and greatly reduces the consumption of the release agent.
Grundsätzlich ist es bereits aufgrund der gemessenen Temperatur der Räder möglich, die Genauigkeit der Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage und damit die Effizienz des Trennmittelverbrauches zu erhöhen. Wie eingangs erläutert, haftet das Asphaltmaterial dann an den Rädern an, wenn das heiße Asphaltmaterial durch die kalten Räder abgekühlt und damit die Viskosität erhöht wird. Ein wesentlicher Faktor für das Anhaften des Asphaltmaterials besteht also in der Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Boden beziehungsweise dem Asphaltmaterial und den Rädern der Gummiradwalze. Es ist daher bevorzugt, dass der Temperatursensor derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass neben der Temperatur des wenigstens einen Rades ebenfalls die Temperatur des Bodens bestimmbar ist. Mit anderen Worten liegt mindestens ein Messpunkt des Messfeldes des Temperatursensors auf dem Boden, so dass dessen Temperatur vom Temperatursensor messbar ist. Auch dies lässt sich beispielsweise vorteilhaft mittels eines Infrarot-Sensor-Arrays erreichen, das ausreichend Pixel beziehungsweise Messpunkte aufweist, um sowohl sämtliche Räder eines Fahrwerksteiles als auch den Boden abzudecken und die jeweiligen Temperaturen zu bestimmen. Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn zusätzlich zur Temperatur eines jeden Rades ebenfalls die Temperatur desjenigen Bodenabschnittes bestimmt wird, über den dieses Rad fährt. Für jedes Rad der Gummiradwalze werden also zwei Temperaturen gemessen, die einmal der Lauffläche des Rades und einmal der mit dieser Lauffläche in Kontakt tretenden Bodenfläche entsprechen.Basically, it is already possible due to the measured temperature of the wheels to increase the accuracy of the control of the sprinkler and thus the efficiency of the release agent consumption. As explained above, the asphalt material then adheres to the wheels when the hot asphalt material is cooled by the cold wheels and thus the viscosity is increased. An important factor for the adherence of the asphalt material thus consists in the temperature difference between the soil or the asphalt material and the wheels of the rubber wheel. It is therefore preferred that the temperature sensor is designed and arranged such that in addition to the temperature of the at least one wheel, the temperature of the soil is also determined. In other words, at least one measuring point of the measuring field of the temperature sensor is located on the ground, so that its temperature can be measured by the temperature sensor. This, too, can advantageously be achieved, for example, by means of an infrared sensor array which has sufficient pixels or measuring points to cover all the wheels of a chassis part as well as the ground and to determine the respective temperatures. It is particularly preferred if, in addition to the temperature of each wheel, the temperature of that floor section over which this wheel travels is also determined. For each wheel of the rubber wheel so two temperatures are measured, which correspond once to the running surface of the wheel and once the surface coming into contact with this tread surface.
Auch die Temperatur des Bodens kann sodann von der Steuereinheit bei der Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage berücksichtigt werden. So ist es beispielsweise bevorzugt, dass die Steuereinheit dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselung durch die Berieselungsanlage zu aktivieren, wenn die Temperatur des Bodens oberhalb eines Schwellenwertes liegt, und die Berieselungsanlage zu deaktivieren, wenn die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Boden und Rad einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert unterschreitet. Diese Vorgehensweise erfolgt bevorzugt hierarchisch, konkret derart, dass nur bei vorher aktivierter Berieselungsanlage, d.h. "warmen Boden", der für sich von der Temperatur her eine Aktivierung der Berieselungsanlage auslösen würde, aufgrund der ermittelten Temperatur des Bodens oberhalb eines Schwellenwertes die ermittelte Temperaturdifferenz zur Deaktivierung genutzt wird. Der Schwellenwert für die Temperatur des Bodens beziehungsweise der Asphaltschicht, oberhalb dessen die Berieselungsanlage von der Steuereinheit aktiviert wird, liegt beispielsweise zwischen 40 °C und 80 °C, beispielsweise bei 55 °C. Die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Boden beziehungsweise Asphaltschicht und Rad, bei deren Unterschreiten die Berieselung durch die Steuereinheit deaktiviert wird, liegt beispielsweise zwischen 10 °C und 50 °C, beispielsweise bei 20 °C. Auch diese Werte können je nach verwendetem Asphaltmaterial variieren und hängen von der vorliegenden Bodentemperatur ab. Bei einer Temperatur, die nur knapp über der Einschalttemperatur der Berieselungsanlage liegt, darf die Reifentemperatur nicht wesentlich niedriger als die Bodentemperatur sein. Bei sehr hohen Asphalttemperaturen z.B. 130 °C genügt unter Umständen bereits eine Reifentemperatur von 80 °C, um Anhaftungen zu vermeiden. Durch die automatische Aktivierung und Deaktivierung der Berieselungsanlage, insbesondere für jedes einzelne Rad und unter Berücksichtigung der Temperatur desjenigen Bodenabschnittes, über den dieses Rad fährt, wird verhindert, dass die Berieselung zu spät angeschaltet wird und es bereits zu einem Anhaften von Asphaltmaterial an den Rädern gekommen ist. Zusätzlich wird verhindert, dass unnötig Berieselungsemulsion verwendet wird, obwohl keine Gefahr von Anhaftungen besteht.The temperature of the soil can then be taken into account by the control unit in the control of the sprinkler system. Thus, for example, it is preferred that the control unit is designed to activate the sprinkler through the sprinkler system when the temperature of the floor is above a threshold value, and to deactivate the sprinkler system when the temperature difference between floor and wheel falls below a predetermined threshold value. This procedure is preferably hierarchical, specifically such that only with previously activated sprinkler, i. "warm soil", which would trigger an activation of the sprinkler system on the basis of the temperature, due to the determined temperature of the soil above a threshold value, the determined temperature difference is used for deactivation. The threshold for the temperature of the soil or of the asphalt layer, above which the sprinkler system is activated by the control unit, is for example between 40 ° C and 80 ° C, for example 55 ° C. The temperature difference between soil or asphalt layer and wheel, below which the irrigation is deactivated by the control unit, for example, lies between 10 ° C and 50 ° C, for example at 20 ° C. These values may also vary depending on the asphalt material used and depend on the prevailing soil temperature. At a temperature just above the switch-on temperature of the sprinkler system, the tire temperature must not be much lower than the floor temperature. At very high asphalt temperatures, e.g. 130 ° C may already be sufficient for a tire temperature of 80 ° C, to avoid buildup. The automatic activation and deactivation of the sprinkler system, in particular for each individual wheel and taking into account the temperature of the floor section over which this wheel travels, prevents the sprinkling from being switched on too late and the asphalt material from adhering to the wheels is. In addition, it prevents the unnecessary use of the irrigation emulsion, although there is no danger of buildup.
Ergänzend oder alternativ kann es auch vorgesehen sein, dass eine Einrichtung zur, insbesondere optischen, Erfassung der Außenoberfläche wenigstens eines Gummirades, beispielsweise eine Digitalkamera, vorgesehen ist. Mit dieser kann mithilfe einer geeigneten Bildverarbeitungssoftware zusätzliche ermittelt werden, ob tatsächlich Anhaftungen auftreten oder nicht. Auch diese Information kann dem Bediener der Gummiradwalze angezeigt und/oder zur Steuerung der Steuereinheit der Berieselungsanlage genutzt werden, beispielsweise bei einer manuellen Festlegung wenigstens eines Schwellenwertes durch den Fahrer.Additionally or alternatively, it can also be provided that a device for, in particular optical, detection of the outer surface of at least one rubber wheel, for example a digital camera, is provided. With the help of suitable image processing software, it can be used to determine whether or not adhesions actually occur. This information can also be displayed to the operator of the rubber wheel roller and / or be used to control the control unit of the sprinkler, for example when the driver sets manually at least one threshold value.
Um die Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage weiter zu verbessern, ist es bevorzugt, dass die Steuereinheit dazu ausgebildet ist, die vorher aktivierte Berieselung durch die Berieselungsanlage selbsttätig dann abzustellen, wenn die ermittelte Temperatur des Bodens unterhalb eines Schwellenwertes liegt. Ist das Asphaltmaterial also bereits so weit abgekühlt, dass kein Anhaften an den Rädern der Gummiradwalze mehr zu befürchten ist, so wird automatisch die vormals aktivierte Berieselungsanlage deaktiviert und damit unnötiger Verbrauch von Trennmittel verhindert. Auch dieses Abschalten bezieht sich bevorzugt auf die Berieselung jedes einzelnen Rades individuell anhand der Temperatur desjenigen Bodenabschnittes, über das das entsprechende Rad fährt.In order to further improve the control of the sprinkler, it is preferred that the control unit is adapted to the previously activated irrigation by the sprinkler to turn off automatically when the determined temperature of the soil is below a threshold value. So if the asphalt material has already cooled so far that no sticking to the wheels of the rubber wheel roller is more to be feared, the previously activated sprinkler system is automatically deactivated and thus unnecessary consumption of release agent is prevented. This switching off also preferably relates to the sprinkling of each individual wheel individually based on the temperature of that floor section over which the corresponding wheel travels.
Darüber hinaus kann ebenfalls vorgesehen sein, dass die Steuereinheit dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselung durch die aktivierte Berieselungsanlage dann abzustellen, wenn die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Boden und Rad einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert unterschreitet. Auch auf diese Weise wird Trennmittel eingespart, wenn ein Anhaften des Asphaltmaterials am Rad aufgrund eines Abkühlens des Materials durch die Berührung des Rades nicht mehr zu befürchten ist.In addition, it can also be provided that the control unit is designed to stop the irrigation by the activated sprinkler system when the temperature difference between the ground and the wheel falls below a predetermined threshold. In this way, separating agent is saved when an adhesion of the asphalt material to the wheel due to cooling of the material by the contact of the wheel is no longer to be feared.
Insbesondere erfolgt die vorstehend beschriebene Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage für jedes einzelne Rad der Gummiradwalze individuell und unabhängig von den anderen Rädern beziehungsweise von der Berieselung der anderen Räder der Gummiradwalze. Die Berieselung eines Rades hängt also lediglich von der Temperatur dieses Rades und der Temperatur des Bodens, insbesondere desjenigen Bodenabschnittes, über den dieses Rad fährt, sowie der Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Rad und dem Boden beziehungsweise dieses Bodenabschnittes ab. Die Entscheidung darüber, ob ein Rad mit Trennmittel berieselt wird, wird von der Steuereinheit anhand der Messwerte des Temperatursensors, der die Temperatur des Betroffenen Rades misst, getroffen. Hierfür muss der Bediener der Gummiradwalze überhaupt keine Steuerbefehle mehr abgeben. Die Berieselung wird daher je nach objektiv festgestelltem Bedarf des einzelnen Rades automatisch von der Steuereinheit gesteuert.In particular, the above-described control of the sprinkler system for each individual wheel of the rubber wheel roller is done individually and independently of the other wheels or by the sprinkling of the other wheels of the rubber wheel roller. The irrigation of a wheel thus depends only on the temperature of the wheel and the temperature of the soil, in particular that floor portion over which this wheel travels, and the temperature difference between the wheel and the floor or this floor section. The decision as to whether a wheel is sprayed with separating agent is made by the control unit on the basis of the measured values of the temperature sensor, which measures the temperature of the affected wheel. For this, the operator of the rubber wheel roller does not have to give any more control commands. The irrigation is therefore automatically controlled by the control unit according to objectively determined needs of the individual wheel.
Wie schon erwähnt, muss der Temperatursensor derart angeordnet sein, dass sich zumindest die zu messenden Räder und gegebenenfalls der Boden in seinem Messfeld befinden. Beispielsweise kann der Temperatursensor im Radkasten der Gummiradwalze angeordnet sein. Darüber hinaus muss allerdings beachtet werden, dass der Temperatursensor derart angeordnet sein sollte, dass er von den rauen Arbeitsbedingungen innerhalb des Radkastens möglichst verschont bleibt. Es ist daher bevorzugt, dass der Temperatursensor in der oberen Hälfte, bevorzugt im oberen Drittel, besonders bevorzugt im oberen Viertel, ganz besonders bevorzugt im oberen Fünftel und bestenfalls am oberen Scheitelpunkt eines Radkastens angeordnet ist. Darüber hinaus ist es beispielsweise ebenfalls möglich, den Temperatursensor zurückgesetzt in einem Schacht bzw. einen Sensorsichtschacht anzuordnen, der in den Radkasten mündet und von dem aus der Temperatursensor ein freies Blickfeld auf die zu messenden Räder und gegebenenfalls den Boden hat. Durch den Versatz des Temperatursensors in einen Schacht wird dieser zusätzlich vor negativen Umwelteinflüssen geschützt. Unterstützend kann eine Freiblasvorrichtung vorgesehen sein, die verhindert, dass der Temperatursensor, insbesondere Infrarot-Temperatursensor, verschmutzt.As already mentioned, the temperature sensor must be arranged in such a way that at least the wheels to be measured and optionally the ground are in its measuring field. For example, the temperature sensor may be arranged in the wheel arch of the rubber wheel roller. In addition, however, it should be noted that the temperature sensor should be arranged so that it is spared as possible from the harsh working conditions within the wheel house. It is therefore preferred that the temperature sensor is arranged in the upper half, preferably in the upper third, more preferably in the upper quarter, most preferably in the upper fifth and at best at the upper vertex of a wheel well. In addition, it is also possible, for example, to arrange the temperature sensor reset in a shaft or a sensor view shaft, which opens into the wheel arch and from which the temperature sensor has a free field of view the wheels to be measured and possibly the ground. Due to the offset of the temperature sensor in a shaft, this is additionally protected against negative environmental influences. As supportive, a blow-off device can be provided which prevents the temperature sensor, in particular the infrared temperature sensor, from becoming dirty.
Die Lösung der eingangs gestellten Aufgabe gelingt ebenfalls mit einem Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Berieselungsanlage einer Gummiradwalze, insbesondere einer vorstehend beschriebenen Gummiradwalze, umfassend die Schritte: Bestimmen der Temperatur wenigstens eines Rades, insbesondere der Lauffläche des Rades, durch einen Temperatursensor und Steuern der Berieselung des wenigstens einen Rades durch die Berieselungsanlage anhand der Messwerte des Temperatursensors durch eine Steuereinheit. Sämtliche vorstehend zur Gummiradwalze ausgeführten Merkmale, Vorteile und Wirkungen gelten ebenfalls im übertragenen Sinne für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren. Auch die entsprechenden Schwellenwerte entsprechen den vorstehend genannten Werten. Es wird daher lediglich zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die vorstehenden Ausführungen Bezug genommen.The solution of the problem initially set also succeeds with a method for controlling a sprinkler of a Gummiradwalze, in particular a Gummiradwalze described above, comprising the steps of: determining the temperature of at least one wheel, in particular the tread of the wheel, by a temperature sensor and controlling the sprinkling of at least a wheel through the sprinkler on the basis of the measured values of the temperature sensor by a control unit. All of the features, advantages and effects outlined above for the rubber wheel roller likewise apply in a figurative sense to the method according to the invention. The corresponding threshold values also correspond to the above-mentioned values. It is therefore only referred to avoid repetition of the above statements.
Insbesondere umfasst das Verfahren wenigstens einen der folgenden Schritte: Bestimmen der Temperatur von wenigstens zwei Rädern, insbesondere der Lauffläche des jeweiligen Rades, durch einen Temperatursensor; Bestimmen der Temperatur von allen Rädern des jeweiligen Fahrwerksteils, insbesondere der Lauffläche des jeweiligen Rades, durch einen Temperatursensor; Bestimmen der Temperatur von allen Rädern des vorderen und des hinteren Fahrwerksteils, insbesondere der Lauffläche des jeweiligen Rades, durch jeweils einen Temperatursensor für den vorderen Fahrwerksteil und den hinteren Fahrwerksteil; Steuern der Berieselung von quer zu einer Arbeitsrichtung außen angeordneten Rädern getrennt von dem oder den zwischen diesen Rädern liegenden Rädern; Steuern der Berieselung jedes einzelnen Rades unabhängig von den restlichen Rädern; Bestimmen der Temperatur des Bodens; Aktivieren der Berieselung durch die Berieselungsanlage, wenn die Temperatur des Bodens oberhalb eines Schwellenwertes liegt und/oder die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Boden und Rad einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert überschreitet; und Deaktivieren der Berieselung durch die Berieselungsanlage, wenn die Temperatur des Bodens unterhalb eines Schwellenwertes liegt; und/oder Deaktivieren der Berieselung durch die Berieselungsanlage, wenn die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Boden und Rad einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert unterschreitet.In particular, the method comprises at least one of the following steps: determining the temperature of at least two wheels, in particular the running surface of the respective wheel, by means of a temperature sensor; Determining the temperature of all wheels of the respective chassis part, in particular the running surface of the respective wheel, by a temperature sensor; Determining the temperature of all the wheels of the front and rear chassis parts, in particular the running surface of the respective wheel, by a respective temperature sensor for the front chassis part and the rear chassis part; Controlling the sprinkling of wheels arranged on the outside of a working direction separately from the wheel or wheels located between these wheels; Controlling the irrigation of each individual wheel independently of the remaining wheels; Determining the temperature of the soil; Activating the irrigation by the sprinkler when the temperature of the soil is above a threshold and / or the temperature difference between soil and wheel exceeds a predetermined threshold; and deactivating the sprinkler irrigation when the temperature of the soil is below a threshold; and / or deactivating the irrigation by the sprinkler, when the temperature difference between ground and wheel falls below a predetermined threshold.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der in den Figuren gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:
- Figur 1:
- eine Seitenansicht einer Gummiradwalze;
- Figur 2:
- eine Frontansicht einer Gummiradwalze;
- Figur 3:
- eine Draufsicht auf Teile des Maschinenrahmens, des Fahrwerks und der Berieselungsanlage;
- Figur 4:
- eine Seitenansicht eines Rades mit Berieselungsanlage und Temperatursensor;
- Figur 5:
- einen Temperatursensor und dessen Messfeld; und
- Figur 6:
- ein Ablaufdiagramm des Verfahrens.
- FIG. 1:
- a side view of a Gummiradwalze;
- FIG. 2:
- a front view of a rubber wheel roller;
- FIG. 3:
- a plan view of parts of the machine frame, the chassis and the sprinkler system;
- FIG. 4:
- a side view of a wheel with sprinkler and temperature sensor;
- FIG. 5:
- a temperature sensor and its measuring field; and
- FIG. 6:
- a flowchart of the method.
Gleiche beziehungsweise gleich wirkende Bauteile sind mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen beziffert. Sich wiederholende Bauteile sind nicht in allen Figuren gesondert bezeichnet.The same or equivalent components are numbered with the same reference numerals. Repetitive components are not designated separately in all figures.
Die
Wichtig an der Berieselungsanlage 10 ist, dass die Steuereinheit 12 dafür vorgesehen ist, die Berieselung der Laufflächen 16 der Räder 7 durch die einzelnen Berieselungsdüsen 14 zu steuern. Dafür ist zum einen die Steuereinheit 12 mit der Berieselungsanlage 10 steuerungstechnisch verbunden, wie in
Die Funktion der Temperatursensoren 11 und die Form des Messfeldes 13 beziehungsweise Sichtfeldes der Temperatursensoren 11, das ebenfalls bereits in
Diese Informationen werden von der Steuereinheit 12 genutzt, um die Berieselungsanlagen 10 zu steuern. Insbesondere ist die Steuereinheit 12 zur Durchführung des Verfahrens 18 ausgebildet, dessen Ablaufdiagramm in
Alles in allem wird auf diese Weise eine effiziente und objektive Steuerung der Berieselungsanlagen 10 durch die Steuereinheit 12 anhand der Messwerte der Temperatursensoren 11 bereitgestellt, die sämtliche subjektiven Einflüsse aus der Steuerung der Berieselungsanlagen 10 entfernt. Die Erfindung führt daher zu einer besonders exakten Steuerung der Berieselungsanlage 10, die zum einen garantiert, dass die zu verdichtenden Bodenschichten nicht durch das Anhaften von Material an den Rädern 7 der Gummiradwalze 1 beschädigt werden, und zum anderen zu einem besonders sparsamen und effektiven Einsatz des Trennmittels führt. Es wird daher insgesamt weniger Trennmitteln verbraucht, wodurch beispielsweise weniger Zeit aufgewendet werden muss, um den Vorratsbehälter für Trennmitteln nachzufüllen. Die Erfindung erhöht daher insgesamt die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Gummiradwalze 1.All in all, an efficient and objective control of the
Claims (15)
dass ein Temperatursensor (11) vorhanden ist, der derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass er die Temperatur wenigstens eines Rades (7), insbesondere der Lauffläche (16) des Rades (7), bestimmt.Rubber roller (1) for compacting a floor (8), in particular for asphalt compaction, with
that a temperature sensor (11) is provided which is constructed and arranged such that it determines the temperature of at least one wheel (7), in particular the running surface (16) of the wheel (7).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Temperatursensor (11) ein optischer Temperatursensor (11) mit einem Messfeld (13) und zumindest einem Messpunkt (15) ist und insbesondere ein Infrarot-Sensor-Array umfasst.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the temperature sensor (11) is an optical temperature sensor (11) with a measuring field (13) and at least one measuring point (15) and comprises in particular an infrared sensor array.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der optische Temperatursensor (11) derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass das Messfeld (13) jeweils zumindest einen Messpunkt (15) auf wenigstens zwei Rädern (7), insbesondere auf der Lauffläche (16) des jeweiligen Rades (7), umfasst.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to claim 2,
characterized,
is that the optical temperature sensor (11) constructed and arranged that the measuring field (13) in each case at least one measuring point (15) on at least two wheels (7), especially on the running surface (16) of the respective wheel (7), comprising.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der optische Temperatursensor (11) derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass das Messfeld (13) zumindest einen Messpunkt (15) auf jedem Rad (7) des jeweiligen Fahrwerksteils (5, 6), insbesondere auf der Lauffläche (16) des jeweiligen Rades (7), umfasst.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to one of claims 2 or 3,
characterized,
is that the optical temperature sensor (11) constructed and arranged that the measuring field (13) at least one measuring point (15) on each wheel (7) of the respective suspension member (5, 6), and in particular the running surface (16) of the respective wheel (7).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass sowohl der vordere Fahrwerksteil (5) als auch der hintere Fahrwerksteil (6) Räder (7) aufweist, und dass insgesamt zwei optische Temperatursensoren (11) vorhanden sind, wobei ein optischer Temperatursensor (11) die Temperatur wenigstens eines Rades (7) des vorderen Fahrwerksteils (5) bestimmt und der andere optische Temperatursensor (11) die Temperatur wenigstens eines Rades (7) des hinteren Fahrwerksteils (6) bestimmt.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4,
characterized,
that both the front chassis part (5) and the rear chassis part (6) wheels (7), and that a total of two optical temperature sensors (11) are present, wherein an optical temperature sensor (11) the temperature of at least one wheel (7) of the determines the front chassis part (5) and the other optical temperature sensor (11) determines the temperature of at least one wheel (7) of the rear chassis part (6).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Steuereinheit (12) dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselungsanlage (10) anhand der Messwerte des Temperatursensors (11) zu steuern.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the control unit (12) is designed to control the sprinkler system (10) on the basis of the measured values of the temperature sensor (11).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mehr als zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Räder (7) im vorderen Fahrwerksteil (5) und/oder im hinteren Fahrwerksteil (6) angeordnet sind, und dass die Steuereinheit (12) dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselung der quer zu einer Arbeitsrichtung (a) außen angeordneten Räder (7) getrennt von dem oder den zwischen diesen Rädern (7) liegenden Rädern (7) zu steuern.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to claim 6,
characterized,
in that more than two adjacently arranged wheels (7) are arranged in the front chassis part (5) and / or in the rear chassis part (6), and in that the control unit (12) is designed to irrigate the spray transversely to a working direction (a) on the outside arranged wheels (7) separated from the or between these wheels (7) lying wheels (7) to control.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Steuereinheit (12) dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselung jedes einzelnen Rades (7) unabhängig von den restlichen Rädern (7) zu steuern.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to one of claims 6 or 7,
characterized,
in that the control unit (12) is designed to control the irrigation of each individual wheel (7) independently of the remaining wheels (7).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Temperatursensor (11) derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass neben der Temperatur des wenigstens einen Rades (7) ebenfalls die Temperatur des Bodens (8) bestimmbar ist.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
is that the temperature sensor (11) constructed and arranged such that, besides the temperature of the at least one wheel (7) also the temperature of the bottom (8) is determinable.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Steuereinheit (12) dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselung durch die Berieselungsanlage (10) zu aktivieren, wenn die Temperatur des Bodens (8) oberhalb eines Schwellenwertes liegt und die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Boden (8) und Rad (7) einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert überschreitet.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to claim 9,
characterized,
in that the control unit (12) is designed to activate the irrigation by the sprinkler (10) when the temperature of the floor (8) is above a threshold value and the temperature difference between floor (8) and wheel (7) exceeds a predetermined threshold ,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Steuereinheit (12) dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselung durch die Berieselungsanlage (10) abzustellen, wenn die Temperatur des Bodens (8) unterhalb eines Schwellenwertes liegt.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to one of claims 9 or 10,
characterized,
in that the control unit (12) is designed to stop the irrigation through the sprinkler (10) when the temperature of the floor (8) is below a threshold value.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Steuereinheit (12) dazu ausgebildet ist, die Berieselung durch die Berieselungsanlage (10) abzustellen, wenn die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Boden (8) und Rad (7) einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert unterschreitet.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to one of claims 9 to 11,
characterized,
in that the control unit (12) is designed to stop the irrigation through the sprinkler system (10) if the temperature difference between the floor (8) and the wheel (7) falls below a predetermined threshold value.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Temperatursensor (11) in der oberen Hälfte, bevorzugt im oberen Drittel, besonders bevorzugt im oberen Viertel, ganz besonders bevorzugt im oberen Fünftel und bestenfalls am oberen Scheitelpunkt eines Radkastens (9) angeordnet ist.Rubber wheel roller (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the temperature sensor (11) is arranged in the upper half, preferably in the upper third, particularly preferably in the upper quarter, most preferably in the upper fifth, and at best at the upper vertex of a wheel well (9).
gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens einen der folgenden Schritte:
characterized by at least one of the following steps:
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102017011146.4A DE102017011146A1 (en) | 2017-12-01 | 2017-12-01 | Rubber wheel roller for compacting a floor and method for controlling a sprinkler system of a rubber wheel roller |
Publications (2)
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EP3492655A1 true EP3492655A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
EP3492655B1 EP3492655B1 (en) | 2021-04-14 |
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EP18000923.5A Active EP3492655B1 (en) | 2017-12-01 | 2018-11-27 | Rubber wheel roller for compacting soil and method for controlling an irrigation system of a rubber wheel |
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US (1) | US10669676B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3492655B1 (en) |
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DE102019000966A1 (en) | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-13 | Bomag Gmbh | Outlet nozzle, mobile soil cultivation machine, in particular soil cultivation machine or sweeper, and method for operating an outlet nozzle of a sprinkler system of a mobile soil cultivation machine |
US20210140126A1 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-13 | Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. | Fluid spray system |
DE102020003682A1 (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | Bomag Gmbh | SOIL COMPACTION DEVICE FOR COMPACTING A SUBSTRATE LAYER, ASPHALT ROLLER AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A SOIL COMPACTION DEVICE |
CN111827041B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2021-12-31 | 重庆交通建设(集团)有限责任公司 | Smoke-inhibiting flame-retardant construction method of environment-friendly modified asphalt |
CN114703721A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-05 | 江苏顺联工程建设有限公司 | Small-size road roller is used in town road repair |
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EP3181753A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-21 | Hamm AG | Soil compactor and method for compacting a soil |
EP3258013A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-20 | BOMAG GmbH & Co. OHG | Roller for asphalt compaction, in particular rubber wheel roller, and method for spraying a rubber wheel of a roller for asphalt compaction |
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US2430781A (en) * | 1943-11-19 | 1947-11-11 | William H Phalor | Fluid distributing apparatus |
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US6827524B2 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-12-07 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Controller for a compacting vehicle wetting system |
US20080292401A1 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Heated drum compactor machine and method |
US8636443B2 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2014-01-28 | Caterpillar Paying Products Inc. | Compactor having electronically controlled liquid dispensing mechanism, system, and method |
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US9139964B2 (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-09-22 | Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. | System for adjusting the pressure and temperature of a compacting member |
DE102014216439A1 (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-02-25 | Hamm Ag | compactor |
DE102014216440A1 (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-02-25 | Hamm Ag | compactor |
DE102016007170A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-14 | Bomag Gmbh | Pneumatic roller |
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- 2017-12-01 DE DE102017011146.4A patent/DE102017011146A1/en active Pending
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EP3181753A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-21 | Hamm AG | Soil compactor and method for compacting a soil |
EP3258013A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-20 | BOMAG GmbH & Co. OHG | Roller for asphalt compaction, in particular rubber wheel roller, and method for spraying a rubber wheel of a roller for asphalt compaction |
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US10669676B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 |
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DE102017011146A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
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