EP3489505A1 - Injector valve needle - Google Patents

Injector valve needle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3489505A1
EP3489505A1 EP18204271.3A EP18204271A EP3489505A1 EP 3489505 A1 EP3489505 A1 EP 3489505A1 EP 18204271 A EP18204271 A EP 18204271A EP 3489505 A1 EP3489505 A1 EP 3489505A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
needle
valve needle
valve
head
additional piece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18204271.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3489505B1 (en
Inventor
Thierry Thibault
Nicolas Rodier
Matthieu LACOTTE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
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Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3489505A1 publication Critical patent/EP3489505A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3489505B1 publication Critical patent/EP3489505B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
    • F02M51/0642—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto
    • F02M51/0653—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto the valve being an elongated body, e.g. a needle valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9053—Metals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector provided with a device for reinforcing the valve member of the injector.
  • a fuel injector conventionally comprises a valve member or commonly called a valve needle controlled in opening and closing depending on the pressure in a control chamber, which pressure is a function of the position of a control solenoid valve.
  • the needle is slidable within a bore of a nozzle body, wherein one end of the needle is sealingly provided with a nozzle seat provided on an inner surface of the bore of the nozzle body. nozzle to control the supply of fuel through the injection holes in the wall of the nozzle body.
  • a plurality of injection is performed during a running cycle of the engine.
  • This multiple injections process also known as a multiple injection strategy, involves multiple injections during an engine operating cycle and for each engine cylinder.
  • the quantity of fuel injected being a function of the pressure prevailing in the nozzle body of the injector and the opening time of the injector, it is observed, during a second injection, that the actual injection quantity is different from that desired. The development of the engine is then difficult to achieve.
  • a fuel injector 100 of the prior art in this example is a diesel fuel injector comprising an actuator 112, a prior art valve needle 114, a nozzle body 116, a control valve assembly 120, an injector body 118 and a nut 122.
  • the nozzle body 116, the control valve assembly 120 and the actuator 112 are held together by the nut 122.
  • the valve needle 114 of the art prior slide in a cylindrical bore of the nozzle body 116.
  • the valve needle 114 of the prior art has a natural vibration frequency F114 which is calculated in the recessed mode on a valve seat arranged in the nozzle body 116.
  • the natural frequency F114 has a value of the order of 26.7 kHz.
  • the needle has a mass of about 2.2 grams.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a solution that overcomes these disadvantages by carrying out a better control of the quantity injected with a very weak hydraulic separation between two successive injections allowing an improvement of the combustion.
  • the present invention proposes to solve these problems by a valve needle of a fuel injector extending along a longitudinal axis between a needle head and a needle tip, the valve needle having a the natural frequency of vibration of at least 1.3 less than the natural vibration frequency of a valve needle of the prior art adapted to be arranged in the fuel injector.
  • the density of the valve needle of the invention is homogeneous from the needle head to the tip needle.
  • the valve needle further comprises an additional piece added in the vicinity of the needle head.
  • the additional piece has a mass of at least 1.5 grams.
  • the additional piece may be an inner screw sleeve.
  • the additional piece is a material with a density greater than 7, for example steel or tungsten carbide.
  • the density of the valve needle is heterogeneous from the needle head to the needle tip.
  • the density of the needle head is greater than the density of the needle tip of the valve needle.
  • the valve needle comprises the additional piece and a needle spring.
  • the needle spring is attached at a first end to the valve needle and at a second end to the additional piece.
  • An injector comprises a nozzle assembly comprising a valve needle made according to one of the preceding embodiments, the valve needle being adapted to slide in a bore of a nozzle body.
  • top-down orientation is chosen arbitrarily and, words and phrases such as "above, below, above, below, up, down " can be used without any intention to limit the invention.
  • FIG 2 there is described an embodiment of the invention relating to a fuel injector 10, here a diesel injector although the invention is fully transposable to a gas injector or any other fuel.
  • a fuel injector 10 here a diesel injector
  • the invention is fully transposable to a gas injector or any other fuel.
  • the description will detail the elements of the invention and will remain more succinct and general as to the surrounding elements.
  • the injector 10 extends along a longitudinal axis X and comprises from bottom to top, according to the conventional and non-limiting sense of the figures, a nozzle assembly comprising a valve member 14 also called valve needle 14 arranged in a body of nozzle 16, a control valve assembly 20 arranged in a valve body, an actuator 12 arranged in an actuator body.
  • the valve needle 14 is arranged axially slidably in a longitudinal cylindrical bore of the nozzle body 16.
  • the nozzle assembly, the control valve assembly 20 and the actuator 12 are held together by a nut 22.
  • the valve needle 14 of the fuel injector 10 extends along a longitudinal axis X from a first end forming a head 28 to a second end forming a tip 30.
  • the valve needle 14 has a natural vibration frequency F14 of at least 1.3 lower than the natural vibration frequency F114 of the valve needle 114 of the prior art.
  • the valve needle 114 of the prior art as described above is included in the state of the art prior to this invention.
  • the valve needle 14 has a natural frequency F14 of vibration.
  • the valve needle 114 of the prior art has a natural vibration frequency F114.
  • the natural frequency F114 of the valve needle 114 of the injector 100 has a value of about 26.7 kHz.
  • the valve needle 14 includes a first upper zone located at The first upper zone of the valve needle 14 has a mass of at least 1.5 grams more than a second lower zone in the vicinity of the tip 30 of the valve needle.
  • the valve needle 14 can be urged by a force in the closing direction of the valve needle 14 by means of a return spring 26.
  • the valve needle 14 comprises an additional piece 24.
  • the mass of the additional piece 24 is between 1.8 grams and 3.5 grams. In the example shown in the figure 3 the mass of the additional piece 24 is about 1.5 grams ,.
  • the total mass of the needle 14 and the additional piece 24 is between 4 grams and 5.7 grams.
  • the valve needle 14 and the additional piece 24 are arranged in a control chamber of the injector.
  • the mass needle 114 of the prior art shown in FIG. figure 1 vibrates at the natural frequency F114 and the mass hand 14 at a natural frequency F14 with the additional piece 24.
  • the density of the valve needle 14 is homogeneous from the valve needle head 28 to the valve needle tip 30.
  • the additional piece 24 has a mass of at least 1.5 grams.
  • the material of the additional piece 24 may be mercury or a material with a density greater than 7, for example steel or tungsten carbide.
  • the natural frequency F14 of the valve needle 14 with the additional piece 24 made of tungsten carbide is of the order of 15KHz and steel 18 KHz.
  • the additional piece 24 may be an inner screw sleeve which is arranged on a complementary external threaded portion of the head 28 of the Vannel needle 4.
  • the additional piece 24 is an internally threaded ring (not shown) adapted to complement each other around the external thread (not shown) of the head 28 of the valve needle 14.
  • the density of the valve needle is heterogeneous from the needle head 28 to the needle tip, the density of the needle head 28 of the needle valve is greater than the density of the needle tip.
  • the valve needle head 28 comprises a bore with an internal thread in its lower part.
  • the tip 30 of the valve needle comprises in its upper part a screw head which complements complementarily the bore of the head 28 of the valve needle 14.
  • the head 28 of the valve needle 14 comprises in its lower part a screw head which fits within a threaded bore arranged in the upper part of the tip 30 of the valve needle.
  • the Figures 4 and 7 mainly describe the valve needle 14.
  • figure 1 vibrates at the natural frequency F114 and the mass needle 14 has a natural frequency F14.
  • the head 28 of the valve needle 14 has a mass of at least 1.5 grams greater than the tip 30 of the valve needle 14.
  • the material of the head may be a material with a density greater than 7, for example steel or tungsten carbide.
  • the valve needle 14 includes the additional piece 24 and a needle spring 34.
  • the needle spring 34 is attached at a first end to the valve needle 14 and at a second end to the additional piece 24.
  • the valve needle 14 is homogeneous from the valve needle head 28 to the valve needle tip 30.
  • the mass of the additional piece 24 has a mass of between 0.5 gram and 2 grams and the stiffness of the needle spring 34 is between 1000 and 4000 N / mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Afin de réduire les émissions et d'améliorer les performances des moteurs à combustion interne par injection, on réalise une pluralité d'injection lors d'un cycle de fonctionnement du moteur. L'objet de la présente invention est de fournir une solution en effectuant un meilleur contrôle de la quantité injectée avec une séparation hydraulique très faible entre deux injections successives permettant une amélioration de la combustion. Une aiguille de vanne (14) d'un injecteur de carburant (10) s'étend le long d'un axe longitudinal (X) entre une tête d'aiguille (28) et une pointe d'aiguille (30). L'aiguille de vanne (14) a une fréquence propre (F14) de vibration d'au moins 1,3 inférieure à la fréquence propre (F114) de vibration d'une aiguille de vanne (114) de l'art antérieur adaptée à être agencée dans l'injecteur de carburant. Une des possibilités est que l'aiguille de vanne (14) comprenne une pièce additionnelle (24) ajoutée au voisinage de la tête d'aiguille (28).In order to reduce emissions and improve the performance of internal combustion injection engines, a plurality of injections are carried out during an engine operating cycle. The object of the present invention is to provide a solution by better controlling the quantity injected with a very low hydraulic separation between two successive injections allowing an improvement in combustion. A valve needle (14) of a fuel injector (10) extends along a longitudinal axis (X) between a needle head (28) and a needle tip (30). The valve needle (14) has a natural frequency (F14) of vibration of at least 1.3 lower than the natural frequency (F114) of vibration of a valve needle (114) of the prior art adapted to be arranged in the fuel injector. One possibility is that the valve needle (14) includes an additional part (24) added in the vicinity of the needle head (28).

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

L'invention est relative à un injecteur de carburant pourvu d'un dispositif de renforcement du membre de vanne de l'injecteur.The invention relates to a fuel injector provided with a device for reinforcing the valve member of the injector.

ARRIERE-PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUE DE L'INVENTIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Un injecteur de carburant comprend classiquement un membre de vanne ou appelé communément une aiguille de vanne pilotée en ouverture et en fermeture en fonction de la pression régnant dans une chambre de contrôle, laquelle pression est fonction de la position d'une électrovanne de contrôle. L'aiguille est coulissante à l'intérieur d'un alésage d'un corps de buse, dans lequel une extrémité de l'aiguille est agencée de manière étanche avec un siège de buse prévu sur une surface interne de l'alésage du corps de buse afin de contrôler l'alimentation en carburant au travers des trous d'injection situés dans la paroi du corps de buse.A fuel injector conventionally comprises a valve member or commonly called a valve needle controlled in opening and closing depending on the pressure in a control chamber, which pressure is a function of the position of a control solenoid valve. The needle is slidable within a bore of a nozzle body, wherein one end of the needle is sealingly provided with a nozzle seat provided on an inner surface of the bore of the nozzle body. nozzle to control the supply of fuel through the injection holes in the wall of the nozzle body.

Afin de réduire les émissions et d'améliorer les performances des moteurs à combustion interne par injection, on réalise une pluralité d'injection lors d'un cycle de fonctionnement du moteur. Ce processus d'injections multiples, également appelé stratégie d'injection multiple, consiste à réaliser de multiples injections pendant un cycle de fonctionnement d'un moteur et pour chaque cylindre du moteur.In order to reduce the emissions and to improve the performance of the internal combustion engines by injection, a plurality of injection is performed during a running cycle of the engine. This multiple injections process, also known as a multiple injection strategy, involves multiple injections during an engine operating cycle and for each engine cylinder.

La quantité de carburant injecté étant fonction de la pression régnant dans le corps de buse de l'injecteur et de la durée d'ouverture de l'injecteur, on observe, lors d'une deuxième injection, que la quantité d'injection réelle est différente de celle souhaitée. La mise au point du moteur est alors difficile à réaliser.The quantity of fuel injected being a function of the pressure prevailing in the nozzle body of the injector and the opening time of the injector, it is observed, during a second injection, that the actual injection quantity is different from that desired. The development of the engine is then difficult to achieve.

Comme décrit dans la figure 1, un injecteur de carburant 100 de l'art antérieur est dans cet exemple un injecteur de carburant diesel comprenant un actionneur 112, une aiguille de vanne 114 de l'art antérieur, un corps de buse 116, un ensemble de vanne de contrôle 120, un corps porte injecteur 118 et un écrou 122. Le corps de buse 116, l'ensemble de vanne de contrôle 120 et l'actionneur 112 sont maintenus ensemble par l'écrou 122. L'aiguille de vanne 114 de l'art antérieur coulisse dans un alésage cylindrique du corps de buse 116.As described in figure 1 a fuel injector 100 of the prior art in this example is a diesel fuel injector comprising an actuator 112, a prior art valve needle 114, a nozzle body 116, a control valve assembly 120, an injector body 118 and a nut 122. The nozzle body 116, the control valve assembly 120 and the actuator 112 are held together by the nut 122. The valve needle 114 of the art prior slide in a cylindrical bore of the nozzle body 116.

L'aiguille de vanne 114 de l'art antérieur a une fréquence propre F114 de vibration qui est calculé dans le mode encastré sur un siège de valve agencé dans le corps de buse 116. La fréquence propre F114 a une valeur de l'ordre de 26,7 kHz. L'aiguille a une masse d'environ 2,2 grammes.The valve needle 114 of the prior art has a natural vibration frequency F114 which is calculated in the recessed mode on a valve seat arranged in the nozzle body 116. The natural frequency F114 has a value of the order of 26.7 kHz. The needle has a mass of about 2.2 grams.

Actuellement, on ajuste la quantité de carburant injectée lors d'une deuxième injection de carburant au moyen d'un logiciel implémenté dans l'unité de contrôle moteur incorporant un modèle physique ou des cartes issues de la mise en au point du moteur. De plus le délai d'ouverture de la deuxième injection varie à cause de la vibration de l'aiguille de vanne 114 de l'art antérieur. En effet après l'injection de la première injection, l'aiguille de vanne 114 vibre sur le siège de vanne du corps de buse 116 et quand la deuxième injection commence :

  • si la masse supérieure de l'aiguille de vanne 114 est dans un mouvement de vibration avec une vitesse positive, c'est-à-dire une vitesse vers le haut selon la figure 1, cela donnera donc un faible délai d'ouverture de la deuxième injection,
  • si la masse supérieure de l'aiguille de vanne 114 est dans un mouvement de vibration avec une vitesse négative, c'est-à-dire une vitesse vers le bas selon la figure 1, cela donnera donc un long délai d'ouverture de la deuxième injection.
Currently, the amount of fuel injected during a second fuel injection is adjusted by means of software implemented in the engine control unit incorporating a physical model or maps resulting from the engine tuning. In addition, the opening time of the second injection varies because of the vibration of the valve needle 114 of the prior art. Indeed after the injection of the first injection, the valve needle 114 vibrates on the valve seat of the nozzle body 116 and when the second injection begins:
  • if the upper mass of the valve needle 114 is in a vibration movement with a positive speed, i.e. an upward speed according to the figure 1 , this will give a short opening time of the second injection,
  • if the upper mass of the valve needle 114 is in a vibration movement with a negative velocity, i.e. a downward velocity according to the figure 1 this will give a long opening time of the second injection.

L'objet de la présente invention est de fournir une solution qui résout ces inconvénients en effectuant un meilleur contrôle de la quantité injectée avec une séparation hydraulique très faible entre deux injections successives permettant une amélioration de la combustion.The object of the present invention is to provide a solution that overcomes these disadvantages by carrying out a better control of the quantity injected with a very weak hydraulic separation between two successive injections allowing an improvement of the combustion.

RESUME DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention se propose de résoudre ces problèmes par un aiguille de vanne d'un injecteur de carburant s'étendant le long d'un axe longitudinal entre une tête d'aiguille et une pointe d'aiguille, l'aiguille de vanne ayant une fréquence propre de vibration d'au moins 1,3 inférieure à la fréquence propre de vibration d'une aiguille de vanne de l'art antérieur adaptée à être agencée dans l'injecteur de carburant. L'aiguille de vanne a un ratio = F114/F14 qui est supérieure à 1,3 où la fréquence propre de l'aiguille de vanne de l'art antérieur est d'environ 26,7 kHz. Dans un premier mode de réalisation la densité de l'aiguille de vanne de l'invention est homogène de la tête d'aiguille à la pointe d'aiguille. L'aiguille de vanne comprend de plus une pièce additionnelle ajoutée au voisinage de la tête d'aiguille. La pièce additionnelle a une masse d'au moins 1,5 grammes. La pièce additionnelle peut être un manchon à vis intérieure. La pièce additionnelle est un matériau avec une densité supérieure à 7, par exemple l'acier ou le carbure de tungstène.The present invention proposes to solve these problems by a valve needle of a fuel injector extending along a longitudinal axis between a needle head and a needle tip, the valve needle having a the natural frequency of vibration of at least 1.3 less than the natural vibration frequency of a valve needle of the prior art adapted to be arranged in the fuel injector. The valve needle has a ratio = F114 / F14 which is greater than 1.3 where the natural frequency of the valve needle of the prior art is about 26.7 kHz. In a first embodiment the density of the valve needle of the invention is homogeneous from the needle head to the tip needle. The valve needle further comprises an additional piece added in the vicinity of the needle head. The additional piece has a mass of at least 1.5 grams. The additional piece may be an inner screw sleeve. The additional piece is a material with a density greater than 7, for example steel or tungsten carbide.

Dans une alternative du premier mode de réalisation la densité de l'aiguille de vanne est hétérogène de la tête d'aiguille à la pointe d'aiguille. La densité de la tête de l'aiguille est supérieure à la densité de la pointe d'aiguille de l'aiguille de vanne.In an alternative of the first embodiment the density of the valve needle is heterogeneous from the needle head to the needle tip. The density of the needle head is greater than the density of the needle tip of the valve needle.

Dans un deuxième mode de réalisation, l'aiguille de vanne comprend la pièce additionnelle et un ressort d'aiguille. Le ressort d'aiguille est fixé à une première extrémité à l'aiguille de vanne et à une deuxième extrémité à la pièce additionnelle.In a second embodiment, the valve needle comprises the additional piece and a needle spring. The needle spring is attached at a first end to the valve needle and at a second end to the additional piece.

Un injecteur comprend un ensemble de buse comprenant une aiguille de vanne réalisée selon l'un des modes de réalisations précédents, l'aiguille de vanne étant adaptée à coulisser dans un alésage d'un corps de buse.An injector comprises a nozzle assembly comprising a valve needle made according to one of the preceding embodiments, the valve needle being adapted to slide in a bore of a nozzle body.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

D'autres caractéristiques, buts et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit, et en regard des dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatif et sur lesquels:

  • La figure 1 est un injecteur en coupe selon l'art antérieur.
  • La figure 2 est un injecteur en coupe selon un premier mode de réalisation.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe agrandie de l'aiguille de vanne et du corps de buse d'un injecteur selon un premier mode de réalisation.
  • Les figures 4, 5, 6 et 7 sont des vues en coupe de l'aiguille de vanne selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • La figure 8 est un vue en coupe de l'aiguille de vanne selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention
  • La figure 9 représente les graphes de débit de carburant et d'activation de l'actionneur pour deux injections consécutives.
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, and with reference to the appended drawings given by way of non-limiting example and in which:
  • The figure 1 is a sectional injector according to the prior art.
  • The figure 2 is a sectional injector according to a first embodiment.
  • The figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the valve needle and the nozzle body of an injector according to a first embodiment.
  • The Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are sectional views of the valve needle according to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • The figure 8 is a sectional view of the valve needle according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • The figure 9 represents the fuel flow and actuator activation graphs for two consecutive injections.

DESCRIPTION DES MODES DE REALISATION PREFERESDESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Pour faciliter et clarifier la description qui suit, l'orientation de haut en bas est choisi arbitrairement et, les mots et expressions tels que "ci-dessus, dessous, dessus, dessous, haut, bas ..." peuvent être utilisés sans aucune intention de limiter l'invention.To facilitate and clarify the following description, the top-down orientation is chosen arbitrarily and, words and phrases such as "above, below, above, below, up, down ..." can be used without any intention to limit the invention.

Selon la figure 2, est décrit un mode de réalisation de l'invention se rapportant à un injecteur 10 de carburant, ici un injecteur diesel bien que l'invention soit intégralement transposable à un injecteur essence ou de tout autre carburant. La description détaillera les éléments de l'invention et restera plus succincte et générale quant aux éléments environnants.According to figure 2 , there is described an embodiment of the invention relating to a fuel injector 10, here a diesel injector although the invention is fully transposable to a gas injector or any other fuel. The description will detail the elements of the invention and will remain more succinct and general as to the surrounding elements.

L'injecteur 10 s'étend selon un axe longitudinal X et comprend de bas en haut, selon le sens conventionnel et non limitatif des figures, un ensemble de buse comprenant un membre de vanne 14 appelé aussi aiguille de vanne 14 agencée dans un corps de buse 16, un ensemble de vanne de contrôle 20 agencé dans un corps de vanne, un actionneur 12 agencé dans un corps d'actionneur. L'aiguille de vanne 14 est agencée axialement coulissante dans un alésage cylindrique longitudinal du corps de buse 16. L'ensemble de buse, l'ensemble de vanne de contrôle 20 et l'actionneur 12 sont maintenus ensemble par un écrou 22.The injector 10 extends along a longitudinal axis X and comprises from bottom to top, according to the conventional and non-limiting sense of the figures, a nozzle assembly comprising a valve member 14 also called valve needle 14 arranged in a body of nozzle 16, a control valve assembly 20 arranged in a valve body, an actuator 12 arranged in an actuator body. The valve needle 14 is arranged axially slidably in a longitudinal cylindrical bore of the nozzle body 16. The nozzle assembly, the control valve assembly 20 and the actuator 12 are held together by a nut 22.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention et comme décrit dans la figure 3, l'aiguille de vanne 14 de l'injecteur 10 de carburant s'étend le long d'un axe longitudinal X allant d'une première extrémité formant une tête 28 à une deuxième extrémité formant une pointe 30. L'aiguille de vanne 14 a une fréquence propre F14 de vibration d'au moins 1,3 inférieure à la fréquence propre F114 de vibration de l'aiguille de vanne 114 de l'art antérieur. L'aiguille de vanne 114 de l'art antérieur telle que décrit précédemment est compris dans l'état de la technique antérieure à cette invention. L'aiguille de vanne 14 a une fréquence propre F14 de vibration. L'aiguille de vanne 114 de l'art antérieur a une fréquence propre F114 de vibration. La fréquence propre F114 de l'aiguille de vanne 114 de l'injecteur 100 a une valeur d'environ 26,7 kHz. L'aiguille de vanne 14 de l'invention a un ratio de fréquence qui est défini ainsi :
- Ratio = F114/F14 qui est supérieure à 1,3.In a first embodiment of the invention and as described in the figure 3 , the valve needle 14 of the fuel injector 10 extends along a longitudinal axis X from a first end forming a head 28 to a second end forming a tip 30. The valve needle 14 has a natural vibration frequency F14 of at least 1.3 lower than the natural vibration frequency F114 of the valve needle 114 of the prior art. The valve needle 114 of the prior art as described above is included in the state of the art prior to this invention. The valve needle 14 has a natural frequency F14 of vibration. The valve needle 114 of the prior art has a natural vibration frequency F114. The natural frequency F114 of the valve needle 114 of the injector 100 has a value of about 26.7 kHz. The valve needle 14 of the invention has a frequency ratio which is defined as:
- Ratio = F114 / F14 which is greater than 1.3.

Dans le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention et selon la figure 3, l'aiguille de vanne 14 comprend une première zone supérieure située au voisinage de la tête 28. La première zone supérieure de l'aiguille de vanne 14 a une masse d'au moins 1,5 grammes de plus qu'une deuxième zone inférieure au voisinage de la pointe 30 de l'aiguille de vanne. L'aiguille de vanne 14 peut être sollicité par une force dans la direction de fermeture de l'aiguille de vanne 14 au moyen d'un ressort de rappel 26. Comme décrit dans les figures 3, 5 et 6, l'aiguille de vanne 14 comprend une pièce additionnelle 24. La masse de la pièce additionnelle 24 est compris entre 1,8 grammes et 3,5 grammes. Dans l'exemple représenté dans la figure 3 la masse de la pièce additionnelle 24 est d'environ 1.5 grammes,. La masse totale de l'aiguille 14 et de la pièce additionnelle 24 est compris entre 4 grammes et 5,7 grammes. L'aiguille de vanne 14 et la pièce additionnelle 24 sont agencées dans une chambre de contrôle de l'injecteur. L'aiguille de masse 114 de l'art antérieur représenté dans la figure 1 vibre à la fréquence propre F114 et l'aiguille de masse 14 à une fréquence propre F14 avec la pièce additionnelle 24.In the first embodiment of the invention and according to the figure 3 , the valve needle 14 includes a first upper zone located at The first upper zone of the valve needle 14 has a mass of at least 1.5 grams more than a second lower zone in the vicinity of the tip 30 of the valve needle. The valve needle 14 can be urged by a force in the closing direction of the valve needle 14 by means of a return spring 26. As described in FIGS. figures 3 , 5 and 6 , the valve needle 14 comprises an additional piece 24. The mass of the additional piece 24 is between 1.8 grams and 3.5 grams. In the example shown in the figure 3 the mass of the additional piece 24 is about 1.5 grams ,. The total mass of the needle 14 and the additional piece 24 is between 4 grams and 5.7 grams. The valve needle 14 and the additional piece 24 are arranged in a control chamber of the injector. The mass needle 114 of the prior art shown in FIG. figure 1 vibrates at the natural frequency F114 and the mass hand 14 at a natural frequency F14 with the additional piece 24.

L'aiguille de vanne 14 a la caractéristique suivante :

  • Ratio = F114/F14 est supérieur à 1, 3,
  • masse de la pièce additionnelle 24 est compris entre 1,8 grammes et 3,5 grammes.
The valve needle 14 has the following characteristic:
  • Ratio = F114 / F14 is greater than 1, 3,
  • mass of the additional piece 24 is between 1.8 grams and 3.5 grams.

La densité de l'aiguille de vanne 14 est homogène de la tête 28 d'aiguille de vanne à la pointe 30 d'aiguille de vanne. La pièce additionnelle 24 a une masse d'au moins 1,5 grammes. Le matériau de la pièce additionnelle 24 peut être du mercure ou un matériau avec une densité supérieure à 7, par exemple l'acier ou le carbure de tungstène. La fréquence propre F14 de l'aiguille de vanne 14 avec la pièce additionnelle 24 réalisée en carbure de tungstène est de l'ordre de 15KHz et en acier de 18 KHz. Comme décrit dans la figure 5, la pièce additionnelle 24 peut être un manchon à vis intérieure qui vient s'agencer sur une partie complémentaire à filetage extérieure de la tête 28 de l'aiguille de vannel4. Selon la figure 6, la pièce additionnelle 24 est une bague à filetage intérieur (non représenté) adaptée pour s'agencer complémentairement autour du filetage extérieure (non représenté) de la tête 28 de l'aiguille de vanne 14.The density of the valve needle 14 is homogeneous from the valve needle head 28 to the valve needle tip 30. The additional piece 24 has a mass of at least 1.5 grams. The material of the additional piece 24 may be mercury or a material with a density greater than 7, for example steel or tungsten carbide. The natural frequency F14 of the valve needle 14 with the additional piece 24 made of tungsten carbide is of the order of 15KHz and steel 18 KHz. As described in figure 5 , the additional piece 24 may be an inner screw sleeve which is arranged on a complementary external threaded portion of the head 28 of the Vannel needle 4. According to figure 6 , the additional piece 24 is an internally threaded ring (not shown) adapted to complement each other around the external thread (not shown) of the head 28 of the valve needle 14.

Dans une alternative au premier mode de réalisation et comme décrit dans les figures 4 et 7, la densité de l'aiguille de vanne est hétérogène de la tête 28 d'aiguille à la pointe 30 d'aiguille, la densité de la tête 28 de l'aiguille de vanne est supérieure à la densité de la pointe 30 d'aiguille. Dans la figure 4, la tête 28 de l'aiguille de vanne comprend un alésage avec un filetage intérieur dans sa partie inférieure. La pointe 30 de l'aiguille de vanne comprend dans sa partie supérieure une tête de vis qui s'agence complémentairement à l'alésage de la tête 28 de l'aiguille de vanne 14. Dans la figure 7, la tête 28 de l'aiguille de vanne 14 comprend dans sa partie inférieure une tête de vis qui s'agence à l'intérieur d'un alésage fileté agencé dans la partie supérieure de la pointe 30 de l'aiguille de vanne. Les figures 4 et 7 décrivent principalement l'aiguille de vanne 14. L'aiguille de masse 114 de l'art antérieur décrit dans la figure 1 vibre à la fréquence propre F114 et l'aiguille de masse 14 a une fréquence propre F14. L'aiguille de vanne 14 a la caractéristique suivante :
-Ratio = F114/F14 est supérieur à 1, 3.
La tête 28 de l'aiguille de vanne 14 a une masse d'au moins 1,5 grammes supérieure à la pointe 30 de l'aiguille de vanne 14. Le matériau de la tête peut être un matériau avec une densité supérieure à 7, par exemple l'acier ou le carbure de tungstène.In an alternative to the first embodiment and as described in the Figures 4 and 7 the density of the valve needle is heterogeneous from the needle head 28 to the needle tip, the density of the needle head 28 of the needle valve is greater than the density of the needle tip. In the figure 4 , the valve needle head 28 comprises a bore with an internal thread in its lower part. The tip 30 of the valve needle comprises in its upper part a screw head which complements complementarily the bore of the head 28 of the valve needle 14. figure 7 , the head 28 of the valve needle 14 comprises in its lower part a screw head which fits within a threaded bore arranged in the upper part of the tip 30 of the valve needle. The Figures 4 and 7 mainly describe the valve needle 14. The mass needle 114 of the prior art described in FIG. figure 1 vibrates at the natural frequency F114 and the mass needle 14 has a natural frequency F14. The valve needle 14 has the following characteristic:
-Ratio = F114 / F14 is greater than 1, 3.
The head 28 of the valve needle 14 has a mass of at least 1.5 grams greater than the tip 30 of the valve needle 14. The material of the head may be a material with a density greater than 7, for example steel or tungsten carbide.

Dans un deuxième mode de réalisation et comme décrit dans la figure 8, l'aiguille de vanne 14 comprend la pièce additionnelle 24 et un ressort d'aiguille 34. Le ressort d'aiguille 34 est fixé à une première extrémité à l'aiguille de vanne 14 et à une deuxième extrémité à la pièce additionnelle 24. L'aiguille de vanne 14 est homogène de la tête 28 d'aiguille de vanne à la pointe 30 d'aiguille de vanne. Dans un exemple de ce deuxième mode de réalisation, la masse de la pièce additionnelle 24 a une masse compris entre 0.5 gramme et 2 grammes et la raideur du ressort d'aiguille 34 est compris entre 1000 et 4000 N/mm.In a second embodiment and as described in the figure 8 the valve needle 14 includes the additional piece 24 and a needle spring 34. The needle spring 34 is attached at a first end to the valve needle 14 and at a second end to the additional piece 24. The valve needle 14 is homogeneous from the valve needle head 28 to the valve needle tip 30. In an example of this second embodiment, the mass of the additional piece 24 has a mass of between 0.5 gram and 2 grams and the stiffness of the needle spring 34 is between 1000 and 4000 N / mm.

Dans ce chapitre nous allons décrire le fonctionnement de l'injecteur 10. Comme décrit dans les figures 2 et 9, une première impulsion électrique 1 est envoyée à l'actionneur 12. Ainsi l'actionneur 12 est électriquement alimenté, il attire une armature magnétique et une tige de vanne qui sont fixés ensemble, ce qui ouvre le canal d'évacuation (non représenté) et permet au carburant enfermé dans la chambre de contrôle de s'évacuer vers un circuit à basse pression (non représenté). Alors la pression diminue dans la chambre de contrôle et l'aiguille de vanne 14 se déplace dans l'alésage du corps de buse 16 vers une position ouverte dans laquelle la pointe 30 de l'aiguille de vanne 14 s'éloigne du siège du corps de buse 16. Par voie de conséquence l'injecteur 10 injecte une première quantité injectée de carburant 6 dans une chambre de combustion. Puis une deuxième impulsion électrique 2 séparée de la première impulsion électrique 1 d'une séparation électrique 3 est envoyée à l'actionneur 12. Ainsi l'injecteur 10 injecte une deuxième quantité injectée 7 dans la chambre de combustion. La deuxième quantité injectée 7 est contrôlable. La deuxième quantité injectée 7 a un délai d'ouverture 5 qui peut varier à cause de la vibration de l'aiguille de vanne 14. Lorsque séparant la première quantité injectée 6 et la deuxième quantité injectée 7 comme décrit dans la figure 9 alors la deuxième quantité injectée 7 peut être contrôlable. Cela est obtenu par l'invention qui consiste à ajouter une masse de l'ordre de 1,5 gramme au voisinage de la tête 28 de l'aiguille de vanne 14 comme il décrit dans les modes de réalisation ci-dessus. En fait lorsque la première quantité injectée 6 est injectée, l'aiguille de vanne 14 vibre sur le siège du corps de buse 16 et quand la deuxième quantité injectée 7 commence à être injectée, deux cas de figures se présentent qui sont :

  • Si la masse supérieure de l'aiguille est dans un mouvement de vibration avec une vitesse positive (vitesse vers le haut), la masse supérieure essaie donc d'ouvrir l'injecteur 10. Cela donnera donc un faible délai d'ouverture 5 de l'injection de la deuxième quantité injectée 7.
  • A l'inverse, si la masse supérieure est dans un mouvement vibratoire avec une vitesse négative (vitesse vers le bas), cette dernière comprime donc l'aiguille de vanne 14 sur le siège du corps de vanne 16. Cela se traduira par une augmentation du délai d'ouverture 5 de l'injection de la deuxième quantité injectée 7.
In this chapter we will describe the operation of the injector 10. As described in figures 2 and 9 a first electrical pulse 1 is sent to the actuator 12. Thus the actuator 12 is electrically powered, it attracts a magnetic armature and a valve stem which are fixed together, which opens the evacuation channel (not shown) and allows the fuel enclosed in the control chamber to discharge to a low pressure circuit (not shown). Then the pressure decreases in the control chamber and the valve needle 14 moves in the bore of the nozzle body 16 to an open position wherein the tip 30 of the valve needle 14 moves away from the seat of the nozzle body 16. As a consequence the injector 10 injects a first injected amount of fuel 6 into a combustion chamber. Then a second electrical pulse 2 separated from the first electrical pulse 1 of an electrical separation 3 is sent to the actuator 12. Thus the injector 10 injects a second injected quantity 7 into the combustion chamber. The second injected quantity 7 is controllable. The second injected quantity 7 has an opening delay 5 which can vary because of the vibration of the valve needle 14. When separating the first injected quantity 6 and the second injected quantity 7 as described in FIG. figure 9 then the second injected quantity 7 can be controllable. This is achieved by the invention of adding a mass of the order of 1.5 gram in the vicinity of the head 28 of the valve needle 14 as described in the embodiments above. In fact when the first injected quantity 6 is injected, the valve needle 14 vibrates on the seat of the nozzle body 16 and when the second injected quantity 7 begins to be injected, two situations occur which are:
  • If the upper mass of the needle is in a vibration movement with a positive speed (upward speed), the upper mass therefore tries to open the injector 10. This will therefore give a short opening time 5 injection of the second injected quantity 7.
  • Conversely, if the upper mass is in a vibratory movement with a negative speed (downward speed), the latter then compresses the valve needle 14 to the seat of the valve body 16. This will result in an increase the opening time 5 of the injection of the second injected quantity 7.

LISTE DES REFERENCES UTILISEESLIST OF REFERENCES USED

1010
injecteurinjector
1212
actionneuractuator
1414
aiguille de vannevalve needle
1616
corps de busenozzle body
1818
corps porte injecteurinjector body
2020
ensemble vanne de contrôlecontrol valve assembly
2222
écrounut
2424
pièce additionnelleadditional room
2626
ressort de rappelspring
2828
tête d'aiguille de vannevalve needle head
3030
pointe d'aiguille de vannevalve needle tip
3232
corps d'aiguille de vannevalve needle body
3434
ressort d'aiguilleneedle spring
100100
injecteurinjector
112112
actionneuractuator
114114
aiguille de vannevalve needle
116116
corps de busenozzle body
118118
corps porte injecteurinjector body
120120
ensemble de vanne de contrôlecontrol valve assembly
122122
écrounut
XX
Axe longitudinalLongitudinal axis
F14F14
fréquence de vibration de l'aiguille de vanne 14vibration frequency of the valve needle 14
F114F114
fréquence de vibration de l'aiguille de vanne 114vibration frequency of the valve needle 114
11
première impulsion électriquefirst electrical impulse
22
deuxième impulsion électriquesecond electrical impulse
33
séparation électriqueelectrical separation
44
délai d'ouverture de la première injectionopening time of the first injection
55
délai d'ouverture de la deuxième injectionopening time of the second injection
66
première quantité injectéefirst quantity injected
77
deuxième quantité injectéesecond quantity injected

Claims (6)

Aiguille de vanne (14) d'un injecteur de carburant (10) s'étendant le long d'un axe longitudinal (X) entre une tête d'aiguille (28) et une pointe d'aiguille (30), la densité de l'aiguille de vanne (14) étant homogène de la tête d'aiguille (28) à la pointe d'aiguille (30) et l'aiguille de vanne (14) comprenant une pièce additionnelle (24) ajoutée au voisinage de la tête d'aiguille (28), la pièce additionnelle (24) ayant une masse d'au moins 1,5 grammes de sorte que l'aiguille de vanne (14) ait une fréquence propre (F14) de vibration avec un ratio = F114/F14 supérieure à 1,3 où la fréquence propre (FI 14) est d'environ 26,7 kHz et correspond à la fréquence propre (F114) de vibration d'une aiguille de vanne (114) de l'art antérieur adaptée à être agencée dans l'injecteur de carburant.A valve needle (14) of a fuel injector (10) extending along a longitudinal axis (X) between a needle head (28) and a needle tip (30), the density of the valve needle (14) being homogeneous from the needle head (28) to the needle tip (30) and the valve needle (14) comprising an additional piece (24) added in the vicinity of the head needle (28), the additional piece (24) having a mass of at least 1.5 grams so that the valve needle (14) has a natural frequency (F14) of vibration with a ratio = F114 / F14 greater than 1.3 where the natural frequency (FI 14) is approximately 26.7 kHz and corresponds to the natural frequency (F114) of vibration of a valve needle (114) of the prior art adapted to be arranged in the fuel injector. Aiguille de vanne (14) selon la revendication 1,
dans laquelle la densité de l'aiguille de vanne (14) est hétérogène de la tête d'aiguille (28) à la pointe d'aiguille (30), la densité de la tête de l'aiguille (28) est supérieure à la densité de la pointe d'aiguille (30).Valve needle (14) according to claim 1,
wherein the density of the valve needle (14) is heterogeneous from the needle head (28) to the needle tip (30), the density of the needle head (28) is greater than the density of the needle tip (30). Aiguille de vanne (14) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pièce additionnelle (24) est un manchon à vis intérieure.Valve needle (14) according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional piece (24) is an inner screw sleeve. Aiguille de vanne (14) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'aiguille de vanne (14) comprend la pièce additionnelle (24) et un ressort d'aiguille (34), le ressort d'aiguille (34) étant fixé à une première extrémité à l'aiguille de vanne (14) et à une deuxième extrémité à la pièce additionnelle (24).A valve needle (14) according to claim 1, wherein the valve needle (14) comprises the additional piece (24) and a needle spring (34), the needle spring (34) being attached to a needle first end to the valve needle (14) and at a second end to the additional piece (24). Aiguille de vanne (14) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la pièce additionnelle (24) est un matériau avec une densité supérieure à 7, par exemple l'acier ou le carbure de tungstène.Valve needle (14) according to claim 4, characterized in that the additional piece (24) is a material with a density greater than 7, for example steel or tungsten carbide. Injecteur (10) comprenant un ensemble de buse comprenant une aiguille de vanne (14) réalisée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, l'aiguille de vanne (14) étant adaptée à coulisser dans un alésage d'un corps de buse (16).An injector (10) comprising a nozzle assembly comprising a valve needle (14) made according to any one of the preceding claims, the valve needle (14) being adapted to slide in a bore of a nozzle body (16).
EP18204271.3A 2017-11-23 2018-11-05 Injector valve needle Active EP3489505B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR1761103A FR3073904B1 (en) 2017-11-23 2017-11-23 INJECTOR VALVE NEEDLE

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2926217A1 (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector for IC engine - has plate type closing spring to reduce weight of moving parts
US5465907A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-11-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines
EP1045135A2 (en) * 1999-04-13 2000-10-18 Hitachi, Ltd. Fuel-injection valve
US20080237367A1 (en) * 2006-01-23 2008-10-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic liquid delivery device
DE102009001325A1 (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Long nozzle needle for fuel injector of common rail injection system of motor vehicle, has valve piston part and nozzle needle part that limit hollow area within hollow cylinder that accommodates medium for damping vibration
WO2014186892A1 (en) * 2013-05-21 2014-11-27 Westport Power Inc. Fuel injector
DE102015221790A1 (en) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetically actuated valve and method for producing a valve needle for an electromagnetically operable valve

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2926217A1 (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector for IC engine - has plate type closing spring to reduce weight of moving parts
US5465907A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-11-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines
EP1045135A2 (en) * 1999-04-13 2000-10-18 Hitachi, Ltd. Fuel-injection valve
US20080237367A1 (en) * 2006-01-23 2008-10-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ultrasonic liquid delivery device
DE102009001325A1 (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Long nozzle needle for fuel injector of common rail injection system of motor vehicle, has valve piston part and nozzle needle part that limit hollow area within hollow cylinder that accommodates medium for damping vibration
WO2014186892A1 (en) * 2013-05-21 2014-11-27 Westport Power Inc. Fuel injector
DE102015221790A1 (en) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetically actuated valve and method for producing a valve needle for an electromagnetically operable valve

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FR3073904A1 (en) 2019-05-24
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