EP3488082A1 - Steam turbine with flow shield - Google Patents
Steam turbine with flow shieldInfo
- Publication number
- EP3488082A1 EP3488082A1 EP17735115.2A EP17735115A EP3488082A1 EP 3488082 A1 EP3488082 A1 EP 3488082A1 EP 17735115 A EP17735115 A EP 17735115A EP 3488082 A1 EP3488082 A1 EP 3488082A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- turbine
- steam
- housing
- space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
- F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steam turbine with a multi-part turbine housing.
- Steam turbines are turbomachines designed to convert the enthalpy of steam into kinetic energy.
- Conventional steam turbines have a turbine housing, which surrounds a flow space for the passage of steam.
- a rotationally mounted turbine shaft is arranged with a plurality of blades, which are held in the form of successively arranged blade rings on the turbine shaft.
- vane rings which are each preceded by a blade ring and held on the turbine housing.
- a group of a vane ring with associated rotor rim is also referred to as a turbine stage.
- the steam releases some of its internal energy, which is converted via the rotor into rotational energy of the turbine shaft.
- a relaxation of the steam takes place, so that the pressure and temperature of the steam are reduced when flowing through the steam turbine after each turbine stage.
- the turbine housing is thus exposed to a temperature gradient between a steam inlet and a steam outlet. This leads, in particular in compact steam turbines, to a very high load on the turbine housing.
- Steam turbines have in special embodiments a high-pressure section and a medium-pressure section and / or low-pressure section.
- such steam turbines may have a heating device for the intermediate overheating of the steam, so that, for example, steam leaving the high-pressure section is prevented from heating. direction is heated before it is supplied to the subsequent turbine sections. It may be provided that in each case between two turbine sections such a heater is arranged.
- a heater is arranged in each case between two turbine sections.
- severe temperature fluctuations occur along a turbine longitudinal axis of the steam turbine.
- the temperature in the high-pressure section drops in a gradual manner, then increases abruptly in the transitional region due to the reheating.
- a region of the turbine housing which is arranged adjacent to an outflow of the high-pressure section and an inflow of the following medium-pressure section or low-pressure section, is exposed to particularly pronounced temperature differences, particularly in the case of compact steam turbines.
- turbine housings are better for the sake of clarity
- Turbine housings often have a lower housing part and an upper housing part.
- the turbine housing can also have a plurality of housing segments along the turbine longitudinal axis, so that the high-pressure section and the medium-pressure section are arranged, for example, in different housing segments.
- the connection is often made by screwing flanges of the housing parts or housing segments.
- the object is achieved by a steam turbine, which has a plurality
- Turbine housing parts having turbine housing which surrounds a flow space along a turbine longitudinal axis.
- the turbine housing has a housing wall, wherein a separating joint is formed between two adjacent turbine housing parts.
- at least one flow shield is arranged on a housing wall side of the housing wall facing the flow space, which shields a wall section of the housing wall from a flow of the flow space. Between the flow shield and the wall portion of the housing wall, a gap is formed, wherein in at least one region of the intermediate space has an opening to the flow space. A fluid-communicating connection of the intermediate space with the flow space is formed via this opening.
- the turbine housing preferably has at least two
- the turbine housing has a housing lower part and a housing upper part, which along a turbine longitudinal axis in each case in at least two
- the turbine housing has a housing wall that is impermeable to steam. Between two adjacent turbine housing parts in each case a parting line is formed.
- the turbine housing has a housing wall that is impermeable to steam. Between two adjacent turbine housing parts in each case a parting line is formed.
- Turbine housing parts at least one flange over which these are connected to each other, in particular screwed. By screwing are neighboring
- Turbine housing parts pressed together and thus sealed the parting line.
- a sealing device such as e.g. a sealing ring is arranged in the parting line.
- the turbine housing is formed along the turbine longitudinal axis and surrounding it.
- the turbine housing surrounds a flow space.
- a turbine shaft with rotor blade rings is rotatably mounted.
- the turbine housing preferably has at least one guide vane ring, which is assigned to at least one rotor blade ring of the turbine shaft.
- the flow space is designed for the passage of steam. In this case, the steam is deflected by the vanes and thus meets in an optimized angle of attack on the blades.
- At least one flow shield is arranged on a housing wall side facing the flow space of the housing wall.
- the flow shield shields a wall section of the housing wall from a flow, in particular a steam mass flow, in the flow space.
- shielding means a deflection of the flow, so that the steam can strike the screened wall section with a changed flow direction and / or reduced flow velocity.
- shielding does not mean that the wall section is completely insulated from the vapor, so that contact with the vapor is no longer possible.
- the flow shield is preferably formed plate-shaped and more preferably adapted to a curvature of the turbine housing to exert the least possible influence on the remaining flowing through the flow space steam flow.
- the turbine housing is preferably designed such that the turbine wall and the flow shield form an optimized flow space that is optimized for the flow of the turbine stages.
- the turbine housing preferably has a slight cross-sectional enlargement in the area of the flow shield in order to compensate for a reduction of the flow volume volume caused by the flow shield.
- the flow control For this purpose, at least partially from the housing wall
- At least one spacer is arranged between the flow shield and the housing wall.
- the flow shield is screwed to the housing wall, but may also be welded or riveted thereto.
- a spacer is preferably formed as a hollow cylinder surrounding a screw of the screw. The attachment of the flow shield to the housing wall is preferably designed to be heat-movable in order to avoid stresses between the flow shield and the housing wall due to different thermal expansions.
- the intermediate space has an opening to the flow space.
- a fluid-communicating connection of the intermediate space with the flow space is established via the opening.
- the opening is formed on a side of the space facing in a flow direction of the steam.
- the gap is closed against the flow direction of the vapor.
- the opening is preferably formed as a gap between the flow shield and the housing wall.
- the opening may be formed as a bore or channel, in particular in the flow shield. Through the opening it is achieved that steam can pass from the other flow space into the intermediate space.
- the steam turbine according to the invention has the advantage over conventional steam turbines that with simple means and a thermal load of the turbine housing in the field of flow shielding is reduced cost. A temperature gradient of the housing is thus considerably reduced. In this way, during operation of the steam turbine, fewer stresses are generated in the turbine housing, which occur as opening forces at the parting lines. As a result, a maximum load capacity and efficiency of the steam turbine can be improved with unchanged size.
- the flow shield may be provided in a steam turbine, that the flow shield extends in the circumferential direction of the housing wall only over a partial peripheral region of the housing wall.
- the flow shield it is preferable for the flow shield to extend at least on parts of the turbine housing which are exposed to particularly large temperature differences and / or particularly high temperatures compared with other areas of the turbine housing. In this way it can be ensured that the steam turbine only at the areas of the turbine housing has a flow shield, which are exposed to a special thermal load to thus relieve these areas of the turbine housing. A relief of these areas by reducing the steam mass flow and / or a steam temperature is thus no longer necessary.
- the flow shielding shields the parting line and a region of the housing wall surrounding the parting line from the flow.
- An area around the parting line is a structural weak point of the turbine housing and is particularly susceptible to thermal stress, in particular a high temperature gradient, since this can cause the parting line opening forces at the parting line due to different thermal expansions.
- a targeted shielding of the parting line or a region around the parting line thus has the advantage that a thermal and mechanical stress on the parting line or the fastening joint holding together the fastening means can thereby be reduced by simple means.
- the flow shield extends in the circumferential direction by 1.5 times to 6 times a Trennfu- genflansch Hold a Trennfugenflansches the steam turbine. At a parting line adjacent turbine housing parts each have a Trennfugenflansch over which the
- Turbine housing parts are interconnected, e.g. screwed.
- the Trennfugenflansch has a Trennfugenflansch Battle in the longitudinal direction of a connecting screw for connecting the Trennfugenflansche.
- a thermal load on the turbine housing is particularly disadvantageous.
- an extension of the flow shield by 1.5 times to 6 times the Trennfugenflanschwait this is particularly advantageous.
- the flow shield has at least two flow shield parts adjacent to one another
- Turbine housing parts are arranged.
- the flow shields are thus each held on other turbine housing parts and can be easily mounted on the turbine housing parts prior to assembly of the turbine housing.
- mountability of the steam turbine is improved.
- the flow shields are arranged on the turbine housing parts in such a way that, when the turbine housing is assembled, at least two flow shields form a common flow shield.
- the flow shield is arranged in a flow space region of the flow space in which the flow space has a maximum temperature gradient. In these areas of the flow space, a load on the turbine housing is particularly great due to different thermal expansions. Due to the flow shield, these areas are replaced by a reduced temperature Relief and associated lower thermal expansion relieved.
- the flow shield has a closure region in the flow direction, wherein the gap has a reduced height in the closure region.
- the opening is formed in the termination area and consequently has an opening height which corresponds to the height of the intermediate space in the termination area.
- the steam turbine has at least one steam feed, which is designed for the direct supply of steam into the intermediate space.
- the steam supply can be formed, for example, as a channel in the housing wall or as an independent line.
- the steam supply is arranged so as to bring the steam as close as possible to the parting line before it can spread within the space.
- About a corresponding nozzle of the steam, for example, in the direction of parting line can be introduced into the intermediate space.
- a steam inlet of the steam feed of the parting line is arranged adjacent.
- the steam feed is preferably formed,
- Such a steam supply has the advantage that the temperature gradient on the turbine housing can be further reduced by simple means.
- the turbine housing is thus exposed to lower loads, so that, for example, a less resilient or less expensive turbine housing can be used for the steam turbine.
- the aufschlagung the steam turbine with steam such as steam mass flow and / or steam temperature, increases and thus the efficiency of the steam turbine can be improved.
- the steam supply connects a portion of the flow space, which is arranged in the flow direction in front of the flow shield, fluidkommuniz-generating with the intermediate space.
- a region of the steam turbine which is arranged upstream of the flow shield, a turbine stage, ie an adjacent region.
- a region of the steam turbine which is arranged upstream of the flow shield, a turbine stage, ie an adjacent region.
- the actuator for adjusting a steam mass flow.
- the actuator is designed for example as a valve.
- An adjustability of the steam mass flow has the advantage that a temperature transition to the turbine housing in the area of the flow shield can be controlled. If, for example, it is determined, in particular by means of an infrared camera, that the turbine housing is too cold in the region of the flow shield, the actuator can be opened, thus increasing the steam mass flow which penetrates into the intermediate space. Similarly, the actuator can be at least partially closed when the turbine housing in the field of flow shielding has too high a temperature to throttle the steam mass flow and thus to reduce a temperature exchange with the housing wall.
- the steam engine according to the invention may have a control device.
- the actuator is designed to completely suppress the steam mass flow.
- a side of the flow shield facing the housing wall has at least one guide element which is designed to guide a steam mass flow within the intermediate space.
- the guide element may for example be designed as a wall, which preferably extends between the housing wall and the flow shield and preferably contacts both the housing wall and the flow shield along its course.
- the guide element may be formed, for example, as a diverting element for the purpose of redirecting the steam mass flow once. Alternatively, that is
- Guide element e.g. formed like a labyrinth.
- the guide element is designed to divert the steam mass flow in the direction of the parting line.
- a guide element has the advantage that a flow direction of the steam mass flow in the intermediate space can be defined in order to optimize a heat exchange between the steam mass flow and the housing wall. Further, by means of the guide element, the steam mass flow directed into the intermediate space can be directed in a direction in which heating by the steam mass flow is particularly advantageous, such as e.g. in an area around a parting line.
- the flow shield has a lower coefficient of thermal conduction than the turbine housing. This is particularly advantageous at high temperature differences of the turbine stage, behind which the flow shield is arranged. Through the flow shield, a heat exchange with the gap is thus reduced and the housing wall thereby thermally relieved.
- FIG. 1 shows in a side view transversely to the flow direction a preferred embodiment of a steam turbine according to the invention
- Figure 2 in a side view transverse to the flow direction of a section of the steam turbine of Figure 1
- Embodiment of a steam turbine according to the invention Embodiment of a steam turbine according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a preferred embodiment of a steam turbine 1 according to the invention in a side view transverse to a flow direction 13 of a working fluid or a steam mass flow of the steam turbine 1.
- the steam turbine 1 has a turbine longitudinal axis 4 extending in the flow direction 13 and a turbine housing 2, which is composed of four turbine housing parts 2 a.
- the turbine housing parts 2 a each have a separating-joint flange 12 extending in the flow direction 13 and a circumferential seal flange 12 extending in the circumferential direction around the turbine longitudinal axis 4, with a joint-joint flange height 11.
- the turbine housing parts 2a are screwed together via the parting line flanges 12.
- Trennfugenflanschen 12 each have a parting line 6 is formed.
- the turbine housing 2 has a housing wall 5, which extends over the turbine housing parts 2a.
- the turbine housing 2 surrounds a flow space 3 for passing the working fluid or steam mass flow.
- FIG. 2 shows a section of a lower part of the steam turbine 1 from FIG. 1 in a sectional illustration.
- a parallel to the turbine longitudinal axis 4 extending parting line 6 adjacent a flow shield 7 is arranged, the wall portion 5a relative to the remaining flow space 3.
- the flow shield 7 extends in the circumferential direction of the steam turbine 1 via a Partial peripheral region 10.
- a flow shield 7 is also arranged according to an upper part of the steam turbine 1, not shown in this figure.
- a gap 8 is formed between the flow shield 7 and the wall Section 5a.
- the intermediate space 8 is connected in fluid communication with the flow space 3 via an opening 9.
- the flow shield 7 is arranged in the flow direction 13 directly behind a guide vane carrier 19.
- a plurality of steam feeds 16 for supplying a steam mass flow in the space 7 are arranged.
- steam from the flow space 3 from an area in front of the guide blade carrier 19 to the gap 8 can be fed.
- the steam feeds 16 each have an actuator 17.
- a plurality of guide elements 18 are arranged in order to divert the steam mass flow fed via the steam feeds 16 or to guide them in the direction of the dividing section 6. Via the opening 9, a vapor exchange between the intermediate space 8 and the flow space 3 can take place.
- FIG. 3 shows a section of the turbine housing 2 of the steam turbine 1 in a side view as well as in the flow direction 13.
- the flow shield 7 is formed of two shielding parts 7a, each shielding part 7a being disposed on a turbine shell part 2a, e.g. on an upper housing part and a
- the gap 7 has in this embodiment an opening 9, which faces downward. In the region of the opening 9, the intermediate space has a height 7 which is smaller than in other areas of the intermediate space 7.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL17735115T PL3488082T3 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2017-07-04 | Steam turbine with flow shield |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016215795.7A DE102016215795A1 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-08-23 | Steam turbine with flow shield |
PCT/EP2017/066550 WO2018036696A1 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2017-07-04 | Steam turbine with flow shield |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3488082A1 true EP3488082A1 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
EP3488082B1 EP3488082B1 (en) | 2021-09-29 |
Family
ID=59276764
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17735115.2A Active EP3488082B1 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2017-07-04 | Steam turbine with flow shield |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11274572B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3488082B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6925413B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109642474B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016215795A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3488082T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018036696A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL97874C (en) | ||||
GB510505A (en) | 1938-01-27 | 1939-08-02 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in casings for elastic fluid turbines |
JPS5537681Y2 (en) | 1976-12-27 | 1980-09-04 | ||
US4219201A (en) | 1978-05-24 | 1980-08-26 | Carrier Corporation | Sealing assembly |
JPS57212307A (en) | 1981-06-24 | 1982-12-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Damping device for thermal stress on casing |
CN1004016B (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1989-04-26 | 苏舍兄弟有限公司 | The cylindrical outer casing of turbo machine |
JPH04111501U (en) | 1991-03-13 | 1992-09-28 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Steam turbine thermal shield device |
WO1999000620A1 (en) | 1997-06-25 | 1999-01-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for connecting pipe sections |
JP3593481B2 (en) | 1999-11-17 | 2004-11-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Heat insulation plate mounting device |
EP1162347A1 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2001-12-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Steam turbine with a splitted casing |
US20040191488A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2004-09-30 | Thomas Berndt | Component, method for coating a component, and powder |
EP1555329A1 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2005-07-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Workpiece with internal compressive stresses, method and apparatus for producing internal compressive stresses |
EP2119878A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Steam turbine with partitioned inner casing |
DE102008045657B4 (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2014-11-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus and method for reducing the pressure on a parting line between at least two boundary parts |
EP2915960A1 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Sealing assembly for sealing a gap between two components lying flat next to each other at room temperature |
US10012389B2 (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2018-07-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Case with integral heat shielding |
DE102017211295A1 (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-01-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Steam turbine and method of operating the same |
-
2016
- 2016-08-23 DE DE102016215795.7A patent/DE102016215795A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-07-04 JP JP2019510916A patent/JP6925413B2/en active Active
- 2017-07-04 EP EP17735115.2A patent/EP3488082B1/en active Active
- 2017-07-04 WO PCT/EP2017/066550 patent/WO2018036696A1/en unknown
- 2017-07-04 US US16/326,440 patent/US11274572B2/en active Active
- 2017-07-04 PL PL17735115T patent/PL3488082T3/en unknown
- 2017-07-04 CN CN201780052169.3A patent/CN109642474B/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3488082B1 (en) | 2021-09-29 |
DE102016215795A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
US20210310375A1 (en) | 2021-10-07 |
JP6925413B2 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
PL3488082T3 (en) | 2022-01-31 |
CN109642474A (en) | 2019-04-16 |
JP2019525074A (en) | 2019-09-05 |
CN109642474B (en) | 2022-05-13 |
US11274572B2 (en) | 2022-03-15 |
WO2018036696A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
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