EP3480350A1 - Knitted fabric comprising areas with different cushioning properties and a method of making same - Google Patents
Knitted fabric comprising areas with different cushioning properties and a method of making same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3480350A1 EP3480350A1 EP17200286.7A EP17200286A EP3480350A1 EP 3480350 A1 EP3480350 A1 EP 3480350A1 EP 17200286 A EP17200286 A EP 17200286A EP 3480350 A1 EP3480350 A1 EP 3480350A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- knitted fabric
- layers
- knitted
- regions
- areas
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
- D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
- D04B1/123—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material with laid-in unlooped yarn, e.g. fleece fabrics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
- A43B1/02—Footwear characterised by the material made of fibres or fabrics made therefrom
- A43B1/04—Footwear characterised by the material made of fibres or fabrics made therefrom braided, knotted, knitted or crocheted
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/18—Resilient soles
- A43B13/181—Resiliency achieved by the structure of the sole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/18—Resilient soles
- A43B13/187—Resiliency achieved by the features of the material, e.g. foam, non liquid materials
- A43B13/188—Differential cushioning regions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
- A43B17/003—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined characterised by the material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
- A43B17/10—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined specially adapted for sweaty feet; waterproof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
- A43B17/10—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined specially adapted for sweaty feet; waterproof
- A43B17/102—Moisture absorbing socks; Moisture dissipating socks
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
- D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
- D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/10—Physical properties porous
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
- D10B2403/01—Surface features
- D10B2403/011—Dissimilar front and back faces
- D10B2403/0113—One surface including hollow piping or integrated straps, e.g. for inserts or mountings
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
- D10B2403/01—Surface features
- D10B2403/011—Dissimilar front and back faces
- D10B2403/0114—Dissimilar front and back faces with one or more yarns appearing predominantly on one face, e.g. plated or paralleled yarns
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
- D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
- D10B2403/023—Fabric with at least two, predominantly unlinked, knitted or woven plies interlaced with each other at spaced locations or linked to a common internal co-extensive yarn system
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
- D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
- D10B2501/041—Gloves
Definitions
- knits with damping properties have been used for some time.
- Examples of such knits are covers for motor vehicle seats, joint bandages, knitted garments with padded joint areas, and increasingly also shoes with knitted tops.
- the padded areas are realized by spacer knits.
- the shoe area describes the DE 10 2016 102 792 A1 a shoe upper, which is produced in some areas as a spacer fabric and whose cushioning effect is determined by the choice of the pile thread.
- weft threads can be incorporated into one of the knitted layers in order to be able to control the elasticity of the shoe upper in certain areas.
- the two fabric layers are always spaced apart by the pile threads and also against each other. This is not desirable in all applications of knitwear with cushioning properties.
- a sole as a spacer fabric, at least the function of an insole can not be achieved by a spacer fabric.
- the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a knitted fabric that can be equipped at any point with any damping properties, with areas are also possible in which no or only a very low attenuation is present.
- the knitted fabric is said to be particularly suitable for the production of soles for shoes, but can also be used for other applications.
- a knitted fabric having regions with different damping properties in particular a shoe sole, which is designed as a two-ply knitted fabric and on whose courses in at least one section at least one weft thread is inserted, wherein the knit layers in areas with none or low attenuation and are not interconnected in areas of higher attenuation.
- the degree of damping of the regions of the knitted fabric can essentially be determined by the number of successive rows of stitches with weft insert, in which the knit layers are not connected to one another. If the two fabric layers are not connected to one another in many successive courses, then a large number of weft threads lie in the pocket or tube formed between the fabric layers and can thereby push the two fabric layers apart in this cavity. This works all the better, the more voluminous the weft threads are.
- the weft thread or at least one of the weft threads may be a filling thread, in particular a textured multifilament thread. This type of threads are very thin under tension and can therefore be processed properly on a knitting machine. If the tension decreases and / or the thread material is subjected to heat and / or moisture, then these threads take up several times their own Diameter. They are therefore very well able to produce the required damping properties in the desired areas of the knitted fabric.
- the weft threads can each extend over the entire length of the rows of stitches. If within a course a range should have little or no damping properties, in this area of the rows of stitches, the two knit layers can be connected to each other, so that by the weft no unwanted Volumenrymoi damping effect.
- the knitted fabric may therefore have courses in which the knitted layers are not connected to one another via a plurality of adjacent stitches and are connected to one another before and / or after that by one or more stitches or tuck loops. In this way, any desired shaped damping areas can be incorporated into the fabric.
- By joining the two knitted layers over the entire length of the stitch row it is also possible to produce sections in the knitted fabric which have no or very little damping properties over the entire width of the knitted fabric despite the weft thread being inserted.
- the knit layers may preferably always be connected, so that even in courses without mutual connection of the knit layers results in a self-contained, tubular knit fabric.
- the weft threads can then also be set in a simple manner at the edges of the knit fabric at this.
- a weft thread can be inserted on each or at least every other stitch row in the at least one section of the knitted fabric.
- the knit layers can be made of the same or a different thread material.
- one of the knit layers can be made of a thermoplastic material. This material can be melted after completion of the knitted fabric. The subsequent curing results in a rigid and dimensionally stable layer.
- this is advantageous.
- the melting and hardening can in principle produce a combination of an insole and an insole.
- the hardened lower knit layer forms the insole, while the upper knit layer forms the insole together with the damping regions. Two soles of a shoe can thus be produced by a single knit.
- the knit layers is knitted with threads of different colors.
- a visible side of the knitted fabric can be provided with any desired color patterns, which are also resistant to abrasion, which is particularly advantageous in the design of the knit as a sole.
- the areas can different attenuation properties have any contours, in particular rectangular, round or triangular contours. The areas can thus be optimally adapted to the intended use of the knitted fabric. But it can be achieved by shaping the attenuation ranges but also purely optical effects.
- a two-ply knitted fabric can be produced which has tubes or pockets of any shape and size and at any points of the knitted fabric between the knitted layers.
- the pockets or tubes are filled only by weft threads, but not by connecting threads between the knit layers.
- steps a. and b By repeating steps a. and b. In the height repeat of the knitted fabric and over the width of the knitted fabric, areas with little or no damping can be produced. In these areas, the two knit layers are tightly connected. The weft threads develop here no volume-increasing effect, so that these areas are dimensionally stable and have no or only a slight attenuation.
- a textured multifilament yarn is inserted as a weft thread, which increases by appropriate treatment in such a volume that fill in those areas where the two knitted layers are not connected to each other, the one or more wefts fill the voids between the fabric layers ,
- one of the knit layers can be knitted with a thermoplastic thread material. This is particularly advantageous if the knitted fabric is to have a dimensionally stable and non-elastic side, as is desired, for example, in the case of a sole.
- a fabric 100 in the form of a shoe sole In the view from above, an upper knit layer 1 of the double-surface knitted fabric 100 can be seen.
- This fabric layer 1 has regions 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 with different damping properties and / or shapes.
- the area 50 has the greatest damping effect and the area 30 has the lowest.
- This partial section through the knitted fabric 100 shows the regions 20, 30, 10 of different damping.
- the lower knitted layer 2 can be seen in this sectional view.
- this fabric layer has been made of a thermoplastic material which has been melted after knitting and has become dimensionally stable and stiff by the subsequent curing. For this reason, the damping areas 10, 20, 30 bulge only upwards, since only the upper knit layer 1 is still elastic.
- the knit layers 1 and 2 are only in each case also off Fig. 1 Apparent courses 10.1, 20.1, 30.1, interconnected.
- the courses 30.1 are more closely spaced than the courses 20.1 and these in turn narrower as the courses 10.1. This results in that the damping regions 10 are more voluminous than the regions 20 and these in turn are more bulky than the regions 30.
- the distance between the connecting mesh rows 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 determines how many weft threads 15 in each of the forming between the knit layers 1 and 2 Pockets or tubes are inserted and thus can fill the volume between the fabric layers 1 and 2.
- Fig. 3a - 3c now describe a principle method with which a fabric 100 can be formed with different attenuation ranges 10 to 50.
- a start stitch row is knitted on the needles A - Z of a front needle bed V and the needles A - Z of a back needle bed H.
- a weft thread S is placed on the stitches formed in row R0.
- a row of stitches on the front needle bed V on needles A - Z is formed with another knitting system in the same carriage direction from right to left, before in series R3 with a third knitting system while maintaining the carriage direction on a row of stitches on the rear needle bed H. the needles a - z is generated.
- the rows of stitches R1 - R3 can then be repeated several times to get over the entire width of the fabric 100 to create extending damping range.
- step R6 a course of stitches is formed on the back needle bed H on all needles a - z.
- the tuck loops formed in step R5 are knitted on the needles p - z of the rear needle bed.
- a weft thread S is inserted again before a row of stitches is formed on the front needle bed V on all needles A - Z in row R8. Subsequently, in row R9, forming a course on the back needle bed H on all needles a - z. In row R10, a weft thread S is inserted again. Then, in row R11, a row of stitches is formed on the front needle bed V with the needles A - Z, and tying loops are formed with the needles A - Z of the rear needle bed H. In the course R11 thus the two knit layers 1 and 2 are connected together.
- the stitch row R11 therefore shows one of the connecting stitch rows 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 by way of example.
- the row of stitches R11 closes all previous areas of attenuation caused by weft insertion and non-joining of the two Knitted layers 1 and 2 have emerged from.
- row R12 the tuck loops on the rear needle bed H are then knitted with the needles a-z of the rear needle bed H.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
- Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
Abstract
Ein Gestrick (100) mit Bereichen (10 - 50) mit unterschiedlichen Dämpfungseigenschaften, insbesondere eine Schuhsohle (100), das als zweilagiges Gestrick (1. 2) ausgebildet ist und auf dessen Maschenreihen (R0, R5) in wenigstens einem Abschnitt mindestens ein Schussfaden (S) eingelegt ist, wobei die Gestricklagen (1, 2) in Bereichen (10.1, 20.1, 30.1) mit keiner oder geringer Dämpfung miteinander verbunden sind und in Bereichen (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) mit einer höheren Dämpfung nicht miteinander verbunden sind.A knitted fabric (100) having regions (10-50) with different damping properties, in particular a shoe sole (100) designed as a two-ply knitted fabric (1.2) and on whose courses (R0, R5) at least one weft yarn in at least one section (S) is inserted, wherein the knit layers (1, 2) in areas (10.1, 20.1, 30.1) are connected to each other with little or no damping and not in areas (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) with a higher attenuation connected to each other.
Description
Sowohl im Bekleidungsbereich als auch im Bereich technischer Textilien werden bereits seit Längerem Gestricke mit Dämpfungseigenschaften eingesetzt. Beispiele solcher Gestricke sind Überzüge für Kraftfahrzeugsitze, Gelenkbandagen, gestrickte Kleidungsstücke mit gepolsterten Gelenkbereichen und zunehmend auch Schuhe mit gestrickten Oberteilen. In der Regel werden die Polsterbereiche durch Abstandsgestricke realisiert. Im Schuhbereich beschreibt die
Insbesondere bei Schuhen sind jedoch nicht nur gepolsterte Bereiche im Schuhoberteil, sondern ganz besonders auch im Sohlenbereich erwünscht. Es ist daher bereits in der
Bei einem Abstandsgestrick sind die beiden Gestricklagen stets durch die Polfäden voneinander beabstandet und auch gegeneinander verschiebbar. Dies ist nicht in allen Anwendungsfällen von Gestricken mit Dämpfungseigenschaften wünschenswert. Insbesondere bei der Ausgestaltung einer Sohle als Abstandsgestrick kann zumindest die Funktion einer Brandsohle durch ein Abstandsgestrick nicht erreicht werden.In a spacer fabric, the two fabric layers are always spaced apart by the pile threads and also against each other. This is not desirable in all applications of knitwear with cushioning properties. In particular, in the embodiment of a sole as a spacer fabric, at least the function of an insole can not be achieved by a spacer fabric.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Gestrick bereitzustellen, das an beliebigen Stellen mit beliebigen Dämpfungseigenschaften ausgestattet werden kann, wobei auch Bereiche möglich sind, in denen keinerlei oder nur eine äußerst geringe Dämpfung vorhanden ist. Das Gestrick soll sich insbesondere zur Herstellung von Sohlen für Schuhe eignen, jedoch auch für andere Anwendungen einsetzen lassen.The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a knitted fabric that can be equipped at any point with any damping properties, with areas are also possible in which no or only a very low attenuation is present. The knitted fabric is said to be particularly suitable for the production of soles for shoes, but can also be used for other applications.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Gestrick mit Bereichen mit unterschiedlichen Dämpfungseigenschaften, insbesondere einer Schuhsohle, das als zweilagiges Gestrick ausgebildet ist und auf dessen Maschenreihen in wenigstens einem Abschnitt mindestens ein Schussfaden eingelegt ist, wobei die Gestricklagen in Bereichen mit keiner oder geringer Dämpfung miteinander verbunden sind und in Bereichen mit einer höheren Dämpfung nicht miteinander verbunden sind.The object is achieved by a knitted fabric having regions with different damping properties, in particular a shoe sole, which is designed as a two-ply knitted fabric and on whose courses in at least one section at least one weft thread is inserted, wherein the knit layers in areas with none or low attenuation and are not interconnected in areas of higher attenuation.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Gestrick sind keine Polfäden vorhanden. Dies bedeutet, dass in denjenigen Bereichen in denen die Gestricklagen nicht miteinander verbunden sind, ausschließlich die Schussfäden den Hohlraum zwischen den Gestricklagen ausfüllen. In den anderen Bereichen sind dagegen die Gestricklagen fest miteinander verbunden und daher nicht gegeneinander verschiebbar. Das Gestrick kann daher Bereiche unterschiedlicher Dämpfungseigenschaften und auch Bereiche mit praktisch keiner Dämpfung und hoher Formstabilität aufweisen. Diese Eigenschaften lassen sich mit einem Abstandsgestrick nicht erreichen. Außerdem ist ein Abstandsgestrick durch das Einstricken der Polfäden in der Herstellung aufwendiger.In the knitted fabric according to the invention no pile threads are present. This means that in those areas in which the knit layers are not connected to each other, only the weft threads fill the cavity between the knit layers. In the other areas, however, the knit layers are firmly connected and therefore not against each other. The fabric can therefore have areas of different damping properties and also areas with virtually no damping and high dimensional stability. These properties can not be achieved with a spacer fabric. In addition, a spacer knit by the knitting of the pile threads in the production is more complicated.
Der Dämpfungsgrad der Bereiche des Gestricks kann dabei im Wesentlichen von der Anzahl aufeinanderfolgender Maschenreihen mit Schussfadeneinlage, in denen die Gestricklagen nicht miteinander verbunden sind, bestimmt werden. Sind in vielen aufeinanderfolgenden Maschenreihen die beiden Gestricklagen nicht miteinander verbunden, so liegen eine Vielzahl von Schussfäden in der zwischen den Gestricklagen ausgebildeten Tasche oder Röhre und können dadurch in diesem Hohlraum die beiden Gestricklagen auseinanderdrücken. Dies gelingt umso besser, je voluminöser die Schussfäden sind. Vorzugsweise kann daher der Schussfaden oder mindestens einer der Schussfäden ein Füllfaden, insbesondere ein texturierter Multifilamentfaden, sein. Diese Art von Fäden sind unter Zugspannung sehr dünn und können daher einwandfrei auf einer Strickmaschine verarbeitet werden. Lässt die Zugspannung nach und/oder wird das Fadenmaterial mit Wärme und/oder Feuchtigkeit beaufschlagt, so nehmen diese Fäden ein Mehrfaches ihres Durchmessers an. Sie sind daher sehr gut in der Lage, die erforderlichen Dämpfungseigenschaften in den gewünschten Bereichen des Gestricks herzustellen.The degree of damping of the regions of the knitted fabric can essentially be determined by the number of successive rows of stitches with weft insert, in which the knit layers are not connected to one another. If the two fabric layers are not connected to one another in many successive courses, then a large number of weft threads lie in the pocket or tube formed between the fabric layers and can thereby push the two fabric layers apart in this cavity. This works all the better, the more voluminous the weft threads are. Preferably, therefore, the weft thread or at least one of the weft threads may be a filling thread, in particular a textured multifilament thread. This type of threads are very thin under tension and can therefore be processed properly on a knitting machine. If the tension decreases and / or the thread material is subjected to heat and / or moisture, then these threads take up several times their own Diameter. They are therefore very well able to produce the required damping properties in the desired areas of the knitted fabric.
Zur Vereinfachung der Fertigung des Gestricks können sich die Schussfäden jeweils über die gesamte Länge der Maschenreihen erstrecken. Wenn innerhalb einer Maschenreihe ein Bereich keine oder nur geringe Dämpfungseigenschaften haben soll, können in diesem Bereich der Maschenreihen die beiden Gestricklagen miteinander verbunden werden, sodass durch den Schussfaden kein unerwünschter Volumenbeziehungsweise Dämpfungseffekt entsteht.To simplify the production of the knitted fabric, the weft threads can each extend over the entire length of the rows of stitches. If within a course a range should have little or no damping properties, in this area of the rows of stitches, the two knit layers can be connected to each other, so that by the weft no unwanted Volumenbeziehungsweise damping effect.
Das Gestrick kann daher Maschenreihen aufweisen, in denen die Gestricklagen über mehrere benachbarte Maschen nicht miteinander verbunden und davor und/oder danach durch eine oder mehrere Maschen oder Fanghenkel miteinander verbunden sind. Auf diese Weise lassen sich beliebig geformte Dämpfungsbereiche in das Gestrick einarbeiten. Durch Verbinden der beiden Gestricklagen über die gesamte Länge der Maschenreihe können auch Abschnitte im Gestrick erzeugt werden, die trotz eingelegtem Schussfaden über die gesamte Breite des Gestricks keine oder nur sehr geringe Dämpfungseigenschaften aufweisen.The knitted fabric may therefore have courses in which the knitted layers are not connected to one another via a plurality of adjacent stitches and are connected to one another before and / or after that by one or more stitches or tuck loops. In this way, any desired shaped damping areas can be incorporated into the fabric. By joining the two knitted layers over the entire length of the stitch row, it is also possible to produce sections in the knitted fabric which have no or very little damping properties over the entire width of the knitted fabric despite the weft thread being inserted.
An den Rändern des Gestricks können die Gestricklagen jedoch vorzugsweise stets verbunden sein, sodass sich auch in Maschenreihen ohne gegenseitige Verbindung der Gestricklagen ein in sich geschlossenes, schlauchförmiges Gestrick ergibt. Die Schussfäden lassen sich dann ebenfalls auf einfache Weise an den Rändern des Gestricks an diesem festlegen.However, at the edges of the knitted fabric, the knit layers may preferably always be connected, so that even in courses without mutual connection of the knit layers results in a self-contained, tubular knit fabric. The weft threads can then also be set in a simple manner at the edges of the knit fabric at this.
Um auch sehr hohe Dämpfungseigenschaften in den verschiedenen Bereichen des Gestricks erhalten zu können, kann in dem wenigstens einen Abschnitt des Gestricks ein Schussfaden auf jeder oder mindestens jeder zweiten Maschenreihe eingelegt sein. Es ist jedoch selbstverständlich auch möglich, in einem Bereich, in dem die beiden Gestricklagen nicht miteinander verbunden sind, eine unterschiedliche Anzahl von Schussfäden beziehungsweise Schussfäden mit anderen Volumeneigenschaften einzulegen, um die Dämpfung in diesem Bereich zu regeln.In order to be able to obtain very high damping properties in the various regions of the knitted fabric, a weft thread can be inserted on each or at least every other stitch row in the at least one section of the knitted fabric. However, it is of course also possible to insert a different number of weft threads or weft threads with different volume properties in an area in which the two knitted layers are not connected to one another, in order to regulate the damping in this area.
Weiter können die Gestricklagen aus dem gleichen oder aus einem unterschiedlichen Fadenmaterial gefertigt sein. Insbesondere kann eine der Gestricklagen aus einem thermoplastischen Material gefertigt sein. Dieses Material kann nach Fertigstellung des Gestricks angeschmolzen werden. Durch das anschließende Aushärten entsteht eine steife und formstabile Schicht. Insbesondere bei der Ausbildung des Gestricks als Sohle ist dies von Vorteil. Indem die untere Gestricklage aus einem solchen thermoplastischen Material hergestellt wird, lässt sich durch das Aufschmelzen und Erhärten im Prinzip eine Kombination aus einer Brandsohle und einer Einlegesohle herstellen. Die ausgehärtete untere Gestricklage bildet die Brandsohle, während die obere Gestricklage zusammen mit den Dämpfungsbereichen die Einlegesohle bildet. Durch ein einziges Gestrick können somit zwei Sohlen eines Schuhs hergestellt werden.Furthermore, the knit layers can be made of the same or a different thread material. In particular, one of the knit layers can be made of a thermoplastic material. This material can be melted after completion of the knitted fabric. The subsequent curing results in a rigid and dimensionally stable layer. In particular, in the formation of the knitted fabric as a sole, this is advantageous. By making the lower knit layer from such a thermoplastic material, the melting and hardening can in principle produce a combination of an insole and an insole. The hardened lower knit layer forms the insole, while the upper knit layer forms the insole together with the damping regions. Two soles of a shoe can thus be produced by a single knit.
Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn zumindest eine der Gestricklagen mit Fäden unterschiedlicher Farbe gestrickt ist. Auf diese Weise lässt sich eine Sichtseite des Gestricks mit beliebigen Farbmustern versehen, die außerdem abriebfest ist, was insbesondere bei der Ausgestaltung des Gestricks als Sohle von Vorteil ist. Außerdem können die Bereiche unterschiedlicher Dämpfungseigenschaften beliebige Konturen aufweisen, insbesondere rechteckige, runde oder dreieckförmige Konturen. Die Bereiche lassen sich somit optimal dem Einsatzzweck des Gestricks anpassen. Es können über die Formgebung der Dämpfungsbereiche aber auch rein optische Effekte erzielt werden.Further advantages arise when at least one of the knit layers is knitted with threads of different colors. In this way, a visible side of the knitted fabric can be provided with any desired color patterns, which are also resistant to abrasion, which is particularly advantageous in the design of the knit as a sole. In addition, the areas can different attenuation properties have any contours, in particular rectangular, round or triangular contours. The areas can thus be optimally adapted to the intended use of the knitted fabric. But it can be achieved by shaping the attenuation ranges but also purely optical effects.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gestricks mit Bereichen mit unterschiedlichen Dämpfungseigenschaften, insbesondere einer Schuhsohle, auf einer Flachstrickmaschine mit mindestens zwei Nadelbetten und mindestens einem Stricksystem, das gekennzeichnet ist durch die Schritte:
- a. Bilden einer Maschenreihe auf dem vorderen und hinteren Nadelbett;
- b. Einlegen eines Schussfades;
- c. Wiederholen der Schritte a. und b. oder
- d. Bilden von Maschen auf nur einem der Nadelbetten über die gesamte Länge der Maschenreihe oder nur in einem oder mehreren Abschnitten der Maschenreihe und zwischen den Abschnitten auch Bilden von Fanghenkeln oder Maschen auf dem anderen Nadelbett;
- e. Bilden einer Maschenreihe auf dem anderen Nadelbett.
- a. Forming a course on the front and back needle bed;
- b. Inserting a weft thread;
- c. Repeat steps a. and b. or
- d. Forming stitches on only one of the needle beds over the entire length of the course or only in one or more sections of the course and between the sections also forming tacks or stitches on the other needle bed;
- e. Make a course on the other needle bed.
Durch dieses Verfahren lässt sich ein zweilagiges Gestrick herstellen, das Röhren oder Taschen beliebiger Form und Größe und an beliebigen Stellen des Gestricks zwischen den Gestricklagen aufweist. Die Taschen oder Röhren werden nur von Schussfäden, nicht jedoch durch Verbindungsfäden zwischen den Gestricklagen ausgefüllt.By this method, a two-ply knitted fabric can be produced which has tubes or pockets of any shape and size and at any points of the knitted fabric between the knitted layers. The pockets or tubes are filled only by weft threads, but not by connecting threads between the knit layers.
Durch mehrfaches Wiederholen der Schritte a. und b. im Höhenrapport des Gestricks und über die Breite des Gestricks können Bereiche ohne oder nur geringer Dämpfung hergestellt werden. In diesen Bereichen sind die beiden Gestricklagen dicht miteinander verbunden. Die Schussfäden entfalten hier keine volumenvergrößernde Wirkung, sodass diese Bereiche formstabil sind und keine oder nur eine geringfügige Dämpfung aufweisen.By repeating steps a. and b. In the height repeat of the knitted fabric and over the width of the knitted fabric, areas with little or no damping can be produced. In these areas, the two knit layers are tightly connected. The weft threads develop here no volume-increasing effect, so that these areas are dimensionally stable and have no or only a slight attenuation.
Durch mehrfaches Wiederholen der Reihenfolge der Schritte b., d. und e. können dagegen Bereiche mit hoher Dämpfung im Höhenrapport des Gestricks und über die Breite oder Teilbereiche der Breite des Gestricks hergestellt werden. Es werden in jeder Maschenreihe Schussfäden eingelegt, aber die Gestricklagen nicht miteinander verbunden. Es bilden sich damit Taschen oder Röhren im Gestrick aus, die von den Schussfäden ausgefüllt werden können.By repeating the order of steps b., D. and e. In contrast, areas with high attenuation in the height repeat of the knitted fabric and over the width or partial areas of the width of the knitted fabric can be produced. Weft threads are inserted in each course, but the knit layers are not connected. It thus forms pockets or tubes in the knitted fabric, which can be filled by the weft threads.
Dabei ist es von Vorteil, wenn als Schussfaden ein texturierter Multifilamentfaden eingelegt wird, der durch eine entsprechende Behandlung derart an Volumen zunimmt, dass in denjenigen Bereichen, in denen die beiden Gestricklagen nicht miteinander verbunden sind, der oder die Schussfäden die Hohlräume zwischen den Gestricklagen ausfüllen.It is advantageous if a textured multifilament yarn is inserted as a weft thread, which increases by appropriate treatment in such a volume that fill in those areas where the two knitted layers are not connected to each other, the one or more wefts fill the voids between the fabric layers ,
Weiter kann eine der Gestricklagen mit einem thermoplastischen Fadenmaterial gestrickt werden. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn das Gestrick eine formstabile und nicht elastische Seite aufweisen soll, wie dies beispielsweise bei einer Sohle gewünscht wird.Further, one of the knit layers can be knitted with a thermoplastic thread material. This is particularly advantageous if the knitted fabric is to have a dimensionally stable and non-elastic side, as is desired, for example, in the case of a sole.
Nachfolgend wird ein erfindungsgemäßes Gestrick für ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung mit Bezug auf die Zeichnung am Beispiel einer gestrickten Fußsohle näher erläutert.Hereinafter, an inventive knitted fabric for a method according to the invention for its production with reference to the drawing using the example of a knitted sole is explained in more detail.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Ansicht von oben auf eine gestrickte Sohle;
- Fig. 2
- einen Teilschnitt durch das Gestrick aus
Fig. 1 entlang der Linie II-II; - Fig. 3a - 3c
- eine Fadenverlauf-Darstellung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Gestricks mit unterschiedlichen Dämpfungsbereichen.
- Fig. 1
- a top view of a knitted sole;
- Fig. 2
- a partial section through the knitted fabric
Fig. 1 along the line II-II; - Fig. 3a - 3c
- a threadline representation of a method for producing a knit fabric with different damping areas.
In
Wie die Schnittdarstellung aus
Die
In
In Reihe R4 erfolgt nach einer Schlittenumkehr das Einlegen eines weiteren Schussfadens S. In Reihe R5 wird sodann eine Maschenreihe auf dem vorderen Nadelbett V auf Nadeln A - Z gebildet. Gleichzeitig werden Fanghenkel auf Nadeln p - z des hinteren Nadelbetts H erzeugt. In diesem Bereich werden daher die beiden Gestricklagen 1 und 2 miteinander verbunden. Dies bedeutet, dass der zuvor durch Wiederholung der Maschenreihen R1 - R3 gebildete Dämpfungsbereich im Nadelbereich p - z durch eine Verbindungsteilmaschenreihe geschlossen ist. Im Bereich der Nadeln a - o wird der Dämpfungsbereich dagegen in Maschenstäbchenrichtung fortgeführt.In row R4, following a carriage reversal, another weft thread S is inserted. In row R5, a row of stitches is then formed on the front needle bed V on needles A-Z. At the same time tuck loops are produced on needles p - z of the rear needle bed H. In this area, therefore, the two
In Reihe R6 wird eine Maschenreihe auf dem hinteren Nadelbett H auf allen Nadeln a - z gebildet. Dabei werden die im Schritt R5 gebildeten Fanghenkel auf den Nadeln p - z des hinteren Nadelbetts abgestrickt.In row R6, a course of stitches is formed on the back needle bed H on all needles a - z. In this case, the tuck loops formed in step R5 are knitted on the needles p - z of the rear needle bed.
In Reihe R7 erfolgt ein erneutes Einlegen eines Schussfadens S, bevor in Reihe R8 eine Maschenreihe auf dem vorderen Nadelbett V auf allen Nadeln A - Z gebildet wird. Anschließend folgt in Reihe R9 das Bilden einer Maschenreihe auf dem hinteren Nadelbett H auf allen Nadeln a - z. In Reihe R10 wird erneut ein Schussfaden S eingelegt. Sodann wird in Reihe R11 eine Maschenreihe auf dem vorderen Nadelbett V mit den Nadeln A - Z gebildet und mit den Nadeln a - z des hinteren Nadelbetts H Fanghenkel gebildet. In der Maschenreihe R11 werden somit die beiden Gestricklagen 1 und 2 miteinander verbunden. Die Maschenreihe R11 zeigt daher eine der Verbindungsmaschenreihen 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 beispielhaft. Die Maschenreihe R11 schließt alle vorangegangenen Dämpfungsbereiche, die durch Schussfadeneinlage und Nichtverbinden der beiden Gestricklagen 1 und 2 entstanden sind, ab. In Reihe R12 werden dann noch die Fanghenkel auf dem hinteren Nadelbett H mit den Nadeln a - z des hinteren Nadelbetts H abgestrickt.In row R7, a weft thread S is inserted again before a row of stitches is formed on the front needle bed V on all needles A - Z in row R8. Subsequently, in row R9, forming a course on the back needle bed H on all needles a - z. In row R10, a weft thread S is inserted again. Then, in row R11, a row of stitches is formed on the front needle bed V with the needles A - Z, and tying loops are formed with the needles A - Z of the rear needle bed H. In the course R11 thus the two
Durch die Wahl, wo im Höhenrapport des Gestricks und in welchen Nadelbereichen einer Maschenreihe die beiden auf dem vorderen und hinteren Nadelbett gebildeten Gestricklagen miteinander verbunden werden, können beliebig geformte und unterschiedlich stark dämpfende Dämpfungsbereiche 10 - 50 gebildet werden.By choosing where in the height repeat of the knitted fabric and in which needle areas of a row of stitches the two knit layers formed on the front and rear needle bed are connected to each other, arbitrarily shaped and differently strongly damping damping areas 10 - 50 can be formed.
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (2)
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EP17200286.7A EP3480350A1 (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Knitted fabric comprising areas with different cushioning properties and a method of making same |
CN201811319509.7A CN109998216B (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2018-11-07 | Knitted fabric with zones having different cushioning properties |
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EP17200286.7A EP3480350A1 (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Knitted fabric comprising areas with different cushioning properties and a method of making same |
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Cited By (2)
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EP3681323A4 (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2021-04-21 | Mmi-Ipco, Llc | "power air" insulating fabric |
IT202100008042A1 (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-01 | Essepi Srl | PADDED KNITTED FABRIC AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THIS FABRIC |
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CN106120137B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2017-08-25 | 福建省晋江市华宇织造有限公司 | Warp-knitted spacer fabric composite sole |
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- 2017-11-07 EP EP17200286.7A patent/EP3480350A1/en active Pending
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US20100154256A1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | Nike, Inc. | Article Of Footwear Having An Upper Incorporating A Knitted Component |
DE102013100497A1 (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2013-07-25 | Funke Stickerei Gmbh | Textile spacer knitted fabric with a massaging effect and process for producing such knitted spacer fabrics |
DE102013207156A1 (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-23 | Adidas Ag | Shoe, in particular a sports shoe |
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IT202100008042A1 (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-01 | Essepi Srl | PADDED KNITTED FABRIC AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THIS FABRIC |
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CN109998216B (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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