EP3462122B1 - Packaging for detonators - Google Patents
Packaging for detonators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3462122B1 EP3462122B1 EP18196036.0A EP18196036A EP3462122B1 EP 3462122 B1 EP3462122 B1 EP 3462122B1 EP 18196036 A EP18196036 A EP 18196036A EP 3462122 B1 EP3462122 B1 EP 3462122B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- packaging
- inner layer
- metal
- panels
- outer layer
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000287107 Passer Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
- F42B39/14—Explosion or fire protection arrangements on packages or ammunition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a packaging for an explosive initiation system, also known as a detonator. More particularly, the present invention relates to a package for the transport of a plurality of non-electric detonators which can be transported by plane in the same package and with other packages of the same type in the same cargo.
- a so-called “non-electric” detonator is of the type comprising a metallic tubular element, in particular made of aluminum, forming a casing of the cartridge or cylindrical case type, containing an explosive product which constitutes the detonation device proper (also called “detonator cap”) connected with shock wave transmission tube (“shock tube”) also called wave guide tube, namely plastic tube containing an explosive intended to remotely transmit the pyrotechnic signal to the detonator.
- shock tube also called wave guide tube
- This plastic guide tube has a reduced diameter, generally no more than 5 mm and can be several tens of meters, being installed on the surface to transmit a pyrotechnic signal to initiate the explosive of the detonator contained in the said metallic tubular element.
- Said metallic tubular element is generally installed in a blasthole containing an explosive or explosive primer cartridge (also called a “booster”); said metallic tubular element being of greater diameter than the guide tube but of shorter length, generally a few tens of millimeters, more particularly no more than 20mm. Due to the great length and relative flexibility of the guide tubes, these detonators are conditioned by being helically wound in several circular turns on themselves.
- an explosive or explosive primer cartridge also called a “booster”
- the explosive contained in the guide tube is in very small quantity, of the order of a few micrograms, and is not dangerous. Thus, once the pyrotechnic signal has been initiated, it does not destroy the guide tube in which it is packaged. This plastic tube then generates no effect towards the external environment. On the other hand, the explosive contained in the metallic detonator, in particular a composition of lead azide and PETN, under the effect of the pyrotechnic signal transmitted by the guide tube releases an energy which destroys the metallic tubular element in which it is packaged. with projection of particles and metallic fragments of said metallic tubular element.
- Both electric and non-electric detonators are used to initiate explosives from the bottom or entrance of the blasthole, including explosives loaded in the blast hole. hole most often by pumping viscous product, in aggregate quarries or cement works or for work in tunnels and for cutting rocks in mining operations or even for surface mining operations or to be used for pulling underground (caving fire, for example).
- reinforced non-electric detonators make it possible to initiate explosive materials which are difficult to initiate.
- a system of non-electric detonators makes it possible to fire several sizes underground with a single detonator, without having to lay an electric line which would require a large electric current, and without using an explosor capable of generating this large electric current.
- the use of non-electric detonators also makes it possible to connect all detonators to the point of initiation, much faster and more easily compared to a process of connecting electric detonators which is long and complicated.
- So-called "surface and downhole” non-electric detonators are also used, intended in particular for quarries and surface mines, made up of downhole detonators and surface fittings which make it possible to impose a set time. delay between the initiation of the various downhole detonators, as well as extending and branching the wiring by connecting with other surface fittings.
- the surface fittings are placed in plastic connection blocks which allow the detonators to be connected with a maximum of 6 shock wave transmission tubes which initiate the detonators and protect the tubes against bursts of a detonator.
- Detonators placed at the bottom of the hole are characterized by a long delay interval, in order to avoid damage to the blasting network during the detonation of blastholes.
- the transport of dangerous and / or flammable products is governed by classifications of international safety rules and standards, in particular issued by the UN (United Nations Organization). More precisely to satisfy the so-called “1.4S” classification, which authorizes the transport by plane of dangerous products, in particular explosives, in the same packaging and with other packaging of the same type of products, in the same cargo, it is required that the effects, in the event of ignition or initiation, do not propagate outside the packaging and, where appropriate, do not give rise to blast effects or projections such as projections of fragments, which may interfere with fire fighting and the intervention of personnel for the application of urgent measures.
- a UN test known as a “series 6 test” (in particular tests 6.a, 6.b, 6.c and 6.d), requires that the packaging meets these criteria under temperature conditions up to 'at 1000 ° C resulting from fire or explosion.
- GB 2447554 a packaging for explosive articles, in particular fireworks, comprising an internal layer suitable for being disposed at the level of the ends of the article, and an outer layer suitable for being disposed around the inner layer.
- the aim of the present invention is therefore to provide packaging more suitable for transporting an explosive detonator which is lighter and less expensive and which meets the criteria required for this so-called 1.4S classification and the so-called "6" series of tests, and thus allows the transport by air of a plurality of non-electric detonators in the same packaging without risk of explosion propagation to other packaging of the same type in the same cargo.
- Another object of the present invention is to be able to transport the detonators on land close to packaging of explosives in the same land cargo which may generate a risk of explosion and fire of test 6c which may involve the complete destruction of the packaging. detonators which could give rise to effects which could hamper fire-fighting and the intervention of personnel for the application of urgent measures.
- the detonators include small metal tubular elements which can give rise to a projection of the metal fragments thereof in the event of an explosion or fire, or even to a projection of said whole metal tubular elements in the event of disintegration of said packaging.
- the assembly consisting of said two internal and external layers is preferably placed in a support packaging, in particular a cardboard box.
- An advantageous technical effect of said inner layer is to avoid metal-metal contact between the metal mesh of the outer layer and a said metal envelope contained in the packaging, which contact could cause mechanical damage or even above all sparks that could generate an explosion.
- the metallic constitution of the outer layer guarantees resistance to temperature conditions of at least 1000 ° C required by the tests referred to above.
- the packaging according to the present invention can be relatively light and inexpensive because it is also advantageous in that the said inner and outer layers can allow the gas generated by an explosion to pass through the said packaging.
- said absorbent internal layer is formed by 6 solid rectangular panels which are independent of one another arranged against the walls of said external layer forming a parallelepipedal metal cage itself consisting of metal mesh panels connected to each other by metal clips, said panels of said inner layer being of suitable dimensions to allow their insertion into the metal cage while leaving space between the panels when placed against the walls of the different sides of the metal cage.
- This configuration facilitates the production of said packaging on the one hand, and on the other hand, allows a space to be left between the adjacent panels of said inner layer, in practice of a few millimeters for rectangular panels of 200 to 400mm, said space allowing the gas generated by an explosion to pass through said packaging.
- the space between the adjacent panels of said inner layer is less than the dimension of said meshes of the mesh of the outer layer.
- said absorbent inner layer consists of an inorganic material, preferably a fibrous material, preferably at least 4 mm thick; in particular from 4 to 40 mm thick.
- said internal absorbent layer is formed by solid rigid panels of multilayer cardboard, said multilayer cardboard consisting of several sheets of cardboard compressed against each other, said multilayer cardboard being of fire-resistant grade.
- said rigid panels of said internal layer have a thickness of at least 4 mm and a basis weight of at least 2000 g / m2.
- said absorbent internal layer consists of panels of rock wool, in particular with a density of between 35 and 75 kg / m 3.
- said outer layer is a metal mesh of steel rods or wires 1 to 2 mm in diameter and whose meshes have a dimension of 5 to 25 mm.
- This type of mesh is well suited to the retention of metal envelopes of conventional non-electric detonators on the market.
- said package contains from 5 to 100 detonators each comprising a tubular aluminum element, forming an envelope of the cartridge type or cylindrical case, containing an explosive product at the end of a plastic waveguide tube containing an explosive intended to transmit the pyrotechnic signal at a distance, each plastic guide tube being wound on itself and each detonator being packaged in a plastic bag.
- the detonators comprise a so-called cylindrical metal casing 5 to 10 mm in diameter and 10 to 100 mm long and a guide tube 2 to 5 mm in external diameter and 10 to 100 m long.
- the assembly consisting of the two said internal and external layers is placed in a packaging support in particular a cardboard box, preferably the sides of which have dimensions of 250 to 500mm.
- a packaging according to the present invention could also be used advantageously for the packaging of electric detonators and electronic detonators.
- the package 1 comprises a cardboard packaging box 4 intended to conceal the contents of the package and to serve as a support for identification elements of the contents of the detonators 10 contained in the box.
- the cardboard constituting the cardboard box 4 is a usual packaging cardboard consisting of three flat sheets of cardboard enclosing two corrugated sheets of 120 g / m 2 each interposed between two flat sheets.
- the outer flat sheets having a basis weight of 160 g / m 2 and the internal flat sheet between the two corrugated sheets have a basis weight of 85 g / m 2 .
- This cardboard box 4 closes the two following external and internal technical layers of the packaging.
- the metal rods constituting the wire mesh have a diameter of 16 gauge (1.29mm) and the 2-1 mesh of the wire mesh is 1/2 "x1 / 2" (12.7 x 12.7 mm).
- the absorbent inner layer 3 consists of 6 independent panels of three types 3a, 3b and 3c of suitable dimensions to allow their insertion into the metal cage 2 while leaving a space between the panels once placed against the walls of the different sides. of the metal cage 2.
- the small side panels 3a are 280 x 210 mm in size
- the side sides and bottom sides 3b are 380 x 280 mm in size
- the cover 3c is 371 x 280 mm in size.
- These panels 3a, 3b and 3c consist of a laminated bleached cardboard with a grammage of 2750 g / m 2 and a thickness of 4 mm marketed by the company Preston holding & Packaging limited (UK).
- Package 1 contains the coiled detonators 10, arranged with the coiling plane parallel to the short side 3a.
- Each tube 10b of the detonator is wound such that the terminal metal casing 10a of the detonating cartridge is disposed on the internal side of the coil (not visible on the figure 4 ).
- the different detonators are packaged by number of 5 in sachets and the various sachets arranged side by side are here in number of 10.
- top cover panel 2b of wire trellis comes over the cover panel 3c of absorbent laminated cardboard after filling the cage 2 with the detonators 10.
- the edges of the cover of the wire mesh panel 2b are connected to the upper edges of the side sides 2a1 - 2a4 by metal clips (not shown). Thus, the metal cage remains entirely metal to resist fire.
- tests were carried out with surface or downhole detonators ("in hole”), for example those marketed by the company NiTROERG SA (PL) under the references NITRONEL comprising a metal casing (“detonator cap”) containing PETN as a secondary explosive and a primary explosive of lead azide and a "DT-NITROTUBE” type guide tube.
- the metal casing (“detonator cap”) has a length of 50 to 100 mm and a diameter of 5 to 10 mm, and to contain 500 to 1000 mg of explosive.
- the plastic guide tube has a length of 10 to 100m meters at a rate of 10-20 mg / m, 2-5mm outer diameter and 1-2 mmm inner diameter containing 5-15 g PETN / m.
- These non-electric detonators are able to initiate ignition with a variable delay, in particular from milliseconds to half a second or even more for surface detonators.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un emballage de système d'amorçage d'explosif aussi dénommé détonateur. Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne un emballage pour le transport d'une pluralité de détonateurs non électriques qui puissent être transportés en avion dans le même emballage et avec d'autres emballages du même type dans la même cargaison.The present invention relates to a packaging for an explosive initiation system, also known as a detonator. More particularly, the present invention relates to a package for the transport of a plurality of non-electric detonators which can be transported by plane in the same package and with other packages of the same type in the same cargo.
Un détonateur dit « non électrique » est du type comprenant un élément tubulaire métallique notamment en aluminium, formant une enveloppe du type cartouche ou étui cylindrique, contenant un produit explosif qui constitue le dispositif de détonation proprement dit (aussi dénommé « detonator cap ») reliée à tube à transmission d'onde de choc (« shock tube ») aussi dénommé tube guide d'onde , à savoir tube en plastique contenant un explosif destiné à transmettre à distance le signal pyrotechnique au détonateur. Ce tube guide en plastique est de diamètre réduit, en général pas plus de 5 mm et peut faire plusieurs dizaine de mètres, étant installé en surface pour transmettre un signal pyrotechnique d'amorçage de l'explosif du détonateur contenu dans le dit élément tubulaire métallique. Le dit élément tubulaire métallique est en général installé dans un trous de mine contenant un explosif ou cartouche d'amorçage d'explosif (aussi dénommé « booster »); le dit élément tubulaire métallique étant de plus grand diamètre que le tube guide mais de plus petite longueur, en général de quelques dizaine de millimètres, plus particulièrement pas plus de 20mm. De par la grande longueur et relative souplesse des tubes guide, ces détonateurs sont conditionnés en étant enroulés hélicoïdalement en plusieurs tours circulaires sur eux même.A so-called “non-electric” detonator is of the type comprising a metallic tubular element, in particular made of aluminum, forming a casing of the cartridge or cylindrical case type, containing an explosive product which constitutes the detonation device proper (also called “detonator cap”) connected with shock wave transmission tube ("shock tube") also called wave guide tube, namely plastic tube containing an explosive intended to remotely transmit the pyrotechnic signal to the detonator. This plastic guide tube has a reduced diameter, generally no more than 5 mm and can be several tens of meters, being installed on the surface to transmit a pyrotechnic signal to initiate the explosive of the detonator contained in the said metallic tubular element. . Said metallic tubular element is generally installed in a blasthole containing an explosive or explosive primer cartridge (also called a “booster”); said metallic tubular element being of greater diameter than the guide tube but of shorter length, generally a few tens of millimeters, more particularly no more than 20mm. Due to the great length and relative flexibility of the guide tubes, these detonators are conditioned by being helically wound in several circular turns on themselves.
L'explosif contenu dans le tube guide est en très faible quantité, de l'ordre de quelques microgrammes, et n'est pas dangereux. Ainsi, une fois amorcé le signal pyrotechnique, celui-ci ne détruit pas le tube guide dans lequel il est conditionné. Ce tube en plastique ne génère alors aucun effet vers l'environnement extérieur. En revanche, l'explosif contenu dans le détonateur métallique, notamment une composition d'azoture de plomb et PETN, sous l'effet du signal pyrotechnique transmis par le tube guide libère une énergie qui détruit l'élément tubulaire métallique dans lequel il est conditionné avec projection des particules et fragments métalliques dudit l'élément tubulaire métallique.The explosive contained in the guide tube is in very small quantity, of the order of a few micrograms, and is not dangerous. Thus, once the pyrotechnic signal has been initiated, it does not destroy the guide tube in which it is packaged. This plastic tube then generates no effect towards the external environment. On the other hand, the explosive contained in the metallic detonator, in particular a composition of lead azide and PETN, under the effect of the pyrotechnic signal transmitted by the guide tube releases an energy which destroys the metallic tubular element in which it is packaged. with projection of particles and metallic fragments of said metallic tubular element.
On utilise des détonateurs électriques et non-électriques pour amorcer les matières explosives à partir du fond ou de l'entrée du trou de mine, y compris les matières explosives chargées dans le trou le plus souvent par pompage de produit visqueux , dans les carrières de granulats ou cimenterie ou pour les travaux dans les tunnels et pour l'abattage des roches dans des exploitations minières voire pour les exploitations minières à ciel ouvert ou encore pour être utilisés pour tirer sous terre (tir de foudroyage, par exemple). En outre les détonateurs non-électriques renforcés permettent d'amorcer des matières explosives difficiles à amorcer. Un système de détonateurs non-électriques permet de tirer plusieurs tailles sous terre avec un seul détonateur, sans avoir à poser une ligne électrique qui nécessiterait un important courant électrique, et sans utiliser un exploseur capable de générer cet important courant électrique. L'utilisation des détonateurs non-électriques permet aussi de raccorder tous les détonateurs au point d'amorçage, beaucoup plus rapidement et plus facilement en comparaison avec un processus de raccordement des détonateurs électriques qui est long et compliqué.Both electric and non-electric detonators are used to initiate explosives from the bottom or entrance of the blasthole, including explosives loaded in the blast hole. hole most often by pumping viscous product, in aggregate quarries or cement works or for work in tunnels and for cutting rocks in mining operations or even for surface mining operations or to be used for pulling underground (caving fire, for example). In addition, reinforced non-electric detonators make it possible to initiate explosive materials which are difficult to initiate. A system of non-electric detonators makes it possible to fire several sizes underground with a single detonator, without having to lay an electric line which would require a large electric current, and without using an explosor capable of generating this large electric current. The use of non-electric detonators also makes it possible to connect all detonators to the point of initiation, much faster and more easily compared to a process of connecting electric detonators which is long and complicated.
On utilise aussi des détonateurs non-électriques dits « de surface et de fond de trou » destinés en particulier aux carrières et aux mines à ciel ouvert, composés de détonateurs de fond de trou et de raccords de surface qui permettent d'imposer un temps de retard entre l'amorçage des différents détonateurs de fond de trou, ainsi que prolonger et ramifier le câblage par le raccordement avec d'autres raccords de surface. Les raccords de surface sont placés dans des blocs de connexion en plastique qui permettent de raccorder les détonateurs avec, au maximum, 6 tubes à transmission d'ondes de choc qui amorcent les détonateurs et de protéger les tubes contre les éclats d'un détonateur. Les détonateurs placés au fond du trou se caractérisent par un long intervalle de retard, afin d'éviter l'endommagement du réseau de tir pendant la détonation des trous de mine.So-called "surface and downhole" non-electric detonators are also used, intended in particular for quarries and surface mines, made up of downhole detonators and surface fittings which make it possible to impose a set time. delay between the initiation of the various downhole detonators, as well as extending and branching the wiring by connecting with other surface fittings. The surface fittings are placed in plastic connection blocks which allow the detonators to be connected with a maximum of 6 shock wave transmission tubes which initiate the detonators and protect the tubes against bursts of a detonator. Detonators placed at the bottom of the hole are characterized by a long delay interval, in order to avoid damage to the blasting network during the detonation of blastholes.
Le transport de produits dangereux et/ou inflammables est régi par des classifications de règles et normes internationales de sécurité, notamment édictées par l'ONU (Organisation des Nations Unies). Plus précisément pour satisfaire la classification dite « 1.4S », qui autorise le transport en avion de produits dangereux, notamment explosifs, dans un même emballage et avec d'autres emballages du même type de produits, dans le même cargaison, il est requis que les effets, en cas de mise à feu ou d'amorçage, ne se propagent pas à l'extérieur de l'emballage et le cas échéant ne donnent pas lieu à des effets de souffle ou de projections tels que des projections de fragments, pouvant gêner la lutte contre l'incendie et l'intervention de personnels pour l' application des mesures urgentes. Un test de l'ONU dit « test de séries 6» (en particulier les tests 6.a, 6.b, 6.c et 6.d), requière que l'emballage satisfasse ces critères dans des conditions de température allant jusqu'à 1000°C résultant d'un feu ou explosion.The transport of dangerous and / or flammable products is governed by classifications of international safety rules and standards, in particular issued by the UN (United Nations Organization). More precisely to satisfy the so-called “1.4S” classification, which authorizes the transport by plane of dangerous products, in particular explosives, in the same packaging and with other packaging of the same type of products, in the same cargo, it is required that the effects, in the event of ignition or initiation, do not propagate outside the packaging and, where appropriate, do not give rise to blast effects or projections such as projections of fragments, which may interfere with fire fighting and the intervention of personnel for the application of urgent measures. A UN test known as a “series 6 test” (in particular tests 6.a, 6.b, 6.c and 6.d), requires that the packaging meets these criteria under temperature conditions up to 'at 1000 ° C resulting from fire or explosion.
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Le but de la présente invention est donc de fournir un emballage plus adapté au transport de détonateur d'explosif qui soit plus léger et moins couteux et qui remplisse les critères requis pour cette classification dite 1.4S et des séries de tests dit « 6 », et permette ainsi le transport par avion d'une pluralité de détonateurs non électriques dans le même emballage sans risque de propagation d'explosion à d'autres emballages du même type dans la même cargaison.The aim of the present invention is therefore to provide packaging more suitable for transporting an explosive detonator which is lighter and less expensive and which meets the criteria required for this so-called 1.4S classification and the so-called "6" series of tests, and thus allows the transport by air of a plurality of non-electric detonators in the same packaging without risk of explosion propagation to other packaging of the same type in the same cargo.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de pouvoir transporter à terre les détonateurs à proximité d'emballage d'explosifs dans la même cargaison terrestre pouvant générer un risque d'explosion et de feu du test 6c pouvant impliquer la destruction complète de l'emballage de détonateurs pouvant donner lieu à des effets pouvant gêner la lutte contre l'incendie et l'intervention de personnels pour l'application des mesures urgentes.Another object of the present invention is to be able to transport the detonators on land close to packaging of explosives in the same land cargo which may generate a risk of explosion and fire of test 6c which may involve the complete destruction of the packaging. detonators which could give rise to effects which could hamper fire-fighting and the intervention of personnel for the application of urgent measures.
Le problème spécifique de l'emballage et du transport de détonateur tient en ce que les détonateurs comprennent des éléments tubulaires métalliques de petites tailles qui peuvent donner lieu à une projection des fragments métalliques de ceux-ci en cas d'explosion ou incendie, voire à une projection de dits éléments tubulaires métalliques entiers en cas de désintégration dudit emballage.The specific problem of the packaging and transport of the detonator is that the detonators include small metal tubular elements which can give rise to a projection of the metal fragments thereof in the event of an explosion or fire, or even to a projection of said whole metal tubular elements in the event of disintegration of said packaging.
Pour ce faire, la présente invention fournit un emballage apte à contenir une pluralité de détonateurs non électriques du type comprenant une enveloppe métallique, notamment sous forme de cartouche cylindrique, remplie d'un explosif apte à détruire lesdites enveloppes métalliques, ledit emballage comprenant des parois constituées d'au moins une couche externe et une couche interne avec :
- -ladite couche externe constituée d'un treillis métallique en acier dont les mailles sont aptes retenir les projections aléatoires desdites enveloppes métalliques entières en cas de destruction de ladite couche interne,
- - ladite couche interne constituée d'une couche interne absorbante apte à (a) empêcher le contact physique de ladite couche externe avec lesdites enveloppes métalliques aptes à être contenues dans l'emballage et (b) absorber des fragments desdites enveloppes métalliques contenues dans ledit emballage, en cas d'explosion dans ledit emballage entraînant une destruction de ladite enveloppe métallique, et
ladite couche externe et ladite couche interne étant aptes à laisser passer le gaz généré par une explosion dans ledit emballage.
- said outer layer consisting of a steel wire mesh, the meshes of which are able to retain the random projections of said entire metal envelopes in the event of destruction of said internal layer,
- - said inner layer consisting of an absorbent inner layer capable of (a) preventing physical contact of said outer layer with said metallic envelopes capable of being contained in the packaging and (b) absorbing fragments of said metallic envelopes contained in said packaging, in the event of an explosion in said packaging resulting in destruction of said metallic envelope, and
said outer layer and said inner layer being able to pass the gas generated by an explosion into said packaging.
En pratique, afin de permettre d'y apposer des étiquettes d'identifications du contenu de l'emballage, l'ensemble constitué des deux dites couches interne et externe est de préférence placé dans un conditionnement support notamment une boite en carton.In practice, in order to allow labels to identify the contents of the packaging to be affixed thereto, the assembly consisting of said two internal and external layers is preferably placed in a support packaging, in particular a cardboard box.
Un effet technique avantageux de la dite couche interne est d'éviter le contact métal- métal entre le treillis métallique de la couche externe et une dite enveloppe métallique contenue dans l'emballage, lequel contact pourrait causer des dégradations mécaniques voire surtout des étincelles pouvant générer une explosion.An advantageous technical effect of said inner layer is to avoid metal-metal contact between the metal mesh of the outer layer and a said metal envelope contained in the packaging, which contact could cause mechanical damage or even above all sparks that could generate an explosion.
La constitution métallique de la couche externe garantit une résistance aux conditions température d'au moins 1000°C requis par les tests visés ci-dessus.The metallic constitution of the outer layer guarantees resistance to temperature conditions of at least 1000 ° C required by the tests referred to above.
L'emballage selon la présente invention peut être relativement léger et peu couteux car est aussi avantageux en ce que les dites couches interne et externe peuvent laisser passer le gaz générer par une explosion dans le dit emballage.The packaging according to the present invention can be relatively light and inexpensive because it is also advantageous in that the said inner and outer layers can allow the gas generated by an explosion to pass through the said packaging.
Selon l'invention, ladite couche interne absorbante est formée par 6 panneaux pleins rectangulaires indépendants entre eux disposés contre les parois de ladite couche externe formant une cage métallique parallélépipédique constituée elle-même de panneaux de treillis métallique reliés entre eux par des attaches métalliques, lesdits panneaux de ladite couche interne étant de dimensions adaptées pour permettre leur insertion dans la cage métallique tout en ménageant un espace entre les panneaux une fois mis en place contre les parois des différents côtés de la cage métallique.According to the invention, said absorbent internal layer is formed by 6 solid rectangular panels which are independent of one another arranged against the walls of said external layer forming a parallelepipedal metal cage itself consisting of metal mesh panels connected to each other by metal clips, said panels of said inner layer being of suitable dimensions to allow their insertion into the metal cage while leaving space between the panels when placed against the walls of the different sides of the metal cage.
Cette configuration facilite la réalisation du dit emballage d'une part, et d'autre part, permet de ménager un espace entre les panneaux adjacents de la dite couche interne, en pratique de quelques millimètres pour des panneaux rectangulaires de 200 à 400mm, le dit espace permettant de laisser passer le gaz généré par une explosion dans le dit emballage.This configuration facilitates the production of said packaging on the one hand, and on the other hand, allows a space to be left between the adjacent panels of said inner layer, in practice of a few millimeters for rectangular panels of 200 to 400mm, said space allowing the gas generated by an explosion to pass through said packaging.
De préférence, l'espace entre les panneaux adjacents de la dite couche interne est inférieure à la dimension des dites mailles du treillis de le couche externe.Preferably, the space between the adjacent panels of said inner layer is less than the dimension of said meshes of the mesh of the outer layer.
Plus particulièrement, la dite couche interne absorbante est constituée par un matériau minéral, de préférence un matériau fibreux, de préférence d'au moins 4mm d'épaisseur; notamment de 4 à 40 mm d'épaisseur.More particularly, said absorbent inner layer consists of an inorganic material, preferably a fibrous material, preferably at least 4 mm thick; in particular from 4 to 40 mm thick.
Selon une variante préférée de réalisation, la dite couche interne absorbante est constituée par des panneaux pleins rigides de carton multicouche, ledit carton multicouche étant constitué de plusieurs feuilles de carton compressées les unes contre les autres, le dit carton multicouche étant de grade anti-feu.According to a preferred variant embodiment, said internal absorbent layer is formed by solid rigid panels of multilayer cardboard, said multilayer cardboard consisting of several sheets of cardboard compressed against each other, said multilayer cardboard being of fire-resistant grade. .
Plus particulièrement, les dits panneaux rigides de dite couche interne présentent une épaisseur d'au moins 4 mm et un grammage d'au moins 2000g/m2.More particularly, said rigid panels of said internal layer have a thickness of at least 4 mm and a basis weight of at least 2000 g / m2.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la dite couche interne absorbante est constituée par des panneaux de laine de roche, en particulier de densité comprise entre 35 et 75 kg/m3.According to another embodiment, said absorbent internal layer consists of panels of rock wool, in particular with a density of between 35 and 75 kg / m 3.
Plus particulièrement encore, la dite couche externe est d'un treillis métallique de tiges ou fils d'acier de 1 à 2 mm de diamètre et dont les mailles présentent une dimension de 5 à 25 mm.More particularly still, said outer layer is a metal mesh of steel rods or
Ce type de treillis est bien adapté à la rétention d'enveloppes métalliques de détonateurs non électriques usuels du commerce.This type of mesh is well suited to the retention of metal envelopes of conventional non-electric detonators on the market.
Plus particulièrement encore, le dit emballage contient de 5 à 100 détonateurs comprenant chacun un élément tubulaire en aluminium, formant une enveloppe du type cartouche ou étui cylindrique, contenant un produit explosif à l'extrémité d'un tube guide d'onde en plastique contenant un explosif destiné à transmettre à distance le signal pyrotechnique, chaque tube guide en plastique étant enroulé sur lui-même et chaque détonateur étant conditionné dans un sachet en plastique.More particularly still, said package contains from 5 to 100 detonators each comprising a tubular aluminum element, forming an envelope of the cartridge type or cylindrical case, containing an explosive product at the end of a plastic waveguide tube containing an explosive intended to transmit the pyrotechnic signal at a distance, each plastic guide tube being wound on itself and each detonator being packaged in a plastic bag.
Plus particulièrement encore, les détonateurs comprennent une dite enveloppe métallique cylindrique de 5 à 10 mm de diamètre et 10 à 100mm de long et un tube guide de 2 à 5 mm de diamètre externe et 10 à 100m de long.More particularly still, the detonators comprise a so-called cylindrical metal casing 5 to 10 mm in diameter and 10 to 100 mm long and a
Plus particulièrement encore, l'ensemble constitué des deux dites couches interne et externe est placé dans un conditionnement support notamment une boite en carton, de préférence dont les côtés présentent des dimensions de 250 à 500mm.More particularly still, the assembly consisting of the two said internal and external layers is placed in a packaging support in particular a cardboard box, preferably the sides of which have dimensions of 250 to 500mm.
Un emballage selon la présente invention pourra aussi être utilisé avantageusement pour l'emballage de détonateurs électriques et détonateurs électroniques.A packaging according to the present invention could also be used advantageously for the packaging of electric detonators and electronic detonators.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront mieux à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, faite de manière illustrative et non limitative, en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :
- la
figure 1 représente un détonateur avec les deux parties : enveloppe métallique 10a sous forme de cartouche cylindrique, remplie d'un explosif en terminaison du tube de guide d'onde 10b enroulé, - la
figure 2 représente les deux parties d'une cage parallélépipédique en treillis métallique comprenant un panneau de couvercle indépendant 2b et un panneau de treillis métallique avantpliage 2a destinée à former les cinq autres côtés d'une dite cage parallélépipédique après pliage; et - les
figures 3 à 8 représentent les différents stades de montage des différentes couches et éléments constitutifs d'unemballage 1 tel que décrit ci-après.
- the
figure 1 represents a detonator with the two parts:metal casing 10a in the form of a cylindrical cartridge, filled with an explosive at the end of thecoiled waveguide tube 10b, - the
figure 2 shows the two parts of a parallelepipedal wire mesh cage comprising anindependent cover panel 2b and a pre-foldingwire mesh panel 2a intended to form the other five sides of a said parallelepipedic cage after folding; and - the
figures 3 to 8 represent the different stages of assembly of the different layers and constituent elements of apackage 1 as described below.
Dans le mode de réalisation usuel décrit sur les
Les côtés de cette boite parallélépipédique présentent les dimensions suivantes :
- les parois de fond et de couvercle : 396x252 mm,
- les parois latérales des grands côtés : 396 mm x 295 mm, et
- les parois latérales des petits côtés : 295 mm x 252 mm.
- the bottom and cover walls: 396x252 mm,
- the side walls of the long sides: 396 mm x 295 mm, and
- the side walls of the short sides: 295 mm x 252 mm.
Le carton constitutif de la boite en carton 4 est un carton usuel d'emballage constitué de trois feuilles planes en carton enserrant deux feuilles ondulées de 120 g/m2 intercalées chacune entre deux feuilles planes. Les feuilles planes externes présentant un grammage de 160g/m2 et la feuille plane interne entre les deux feuilles ondulées présentent un grammage de 85 g/m2.The cardboard constituting the
Cette boite en carton 4 referme les deux couches techniques externes et internes suivantes de l'emballage.This
La couche externe 2 est constituée par pliage d'une feuille de treillis métallique 2a tel que représentée sur la
- les petits côtés 2a1 et 2a4 pliés au niveau des lignes de pliages 2-2 par rapport au côté de fond 2a5, présentant les dimensions de L2 = 215 mm x L3 = 280 mm, et
- les grands côtés 2a2 et 2a3 pliés au niveau des lignes de pliages 2-3 par rapport au côté de fond 2a5, présentant les dimensions L1 = 384 mm x L2 = 215 mm, et
- les parois de fond 2a et couvercle indépendant 2b présentant les dimensions L1 = 384 mm x L3 = 280 mm.
- the short sides 2a1 and 2a4 folded at the level of the fold lines 2-2 with respect to the bottom side 2a5, having the dimensions of L2 = 215 mm x L3 = 280 mm, and
- the long sides 2a2 and 2a3 folded at the level of the fold lines 2-3 with respect to the bottom side 2a5, having the dimensions L1 = 384 mm x L2 = 215 mm, and
- the
bottom walls 2a andindependent cover 2b having the dimensions L1 = 384 mm x L3 = 280 mm.
Les tiges métalliques constitutives du treillis métallique présentent un diamètre d'un 16 gauge (1.29mm) et la maille 2-1 du treillis métallique est de 1/2"x1/2" (12,7 x 12,7 mm).The metal rods constituting the wire mesh have a diameter of 16 gauge (1.29mm) and the 2-1 mesh of the wire mesh is 1/2 "x1 / 2" (12.7 x 12.7 mm).
La couche interne absorbante 3 est constituée par 6 panneaux indépendants de trois types 3a, 3b et 3c de dimensions adaptées pour permettre leur insertion dans la cage métallique 2 tout en ménageant un espace entre les panneaux une fois mis en place contre les parois des différents côtés de la cage métallique 2.The absorbent inner layer 3 consists of 6 independent panels of three
Les petits panneaux latéraux 3a sont de dimension de 280 x 210 mm, les côtés latéraux et côtés de fond 3b sont de dimension 380 x 280 mm, et le couvercle 3c est de dimension 371 x 280 mm.The
Ces panneaux 3a, 3b et 3c sont constitués d'un carton blanchi laminé de grammage de 2750 g/m2 et épaisseur de 4mm commercialisé par la Société Preston holding & Packaging limited (UK).These
L'emballage 1 contient les détonateurs 10 enroulés, disposés avec le plan d'enroulement parallèle au petit côté 3a. Chaque tube 10b du détonateur est enroulé tel que l'enveloppe métallique 10a terminale de la cartouche détonante soit disposée du côté interne de l'enroulement (non visible sur la
Les différents détonateurs sont conditionnés par nombre de 5 dans des sachets et les différents sachets disposés côte à côte sont ici au nombre de 10.The different detonators are packaged by number of 5 in sachets and the various sachets arranged side by side are here in number of 10.
Le panneau de couvercle supérieur 2b de treilles métallique vient par-dessus le panneau de couvercle 3c en carton laminé absorbant après remplissage de la cage 2 avec les détonateurs 10.The
Les bords du couvercle du panneau de treillis métallique 2b sont reliés aux bords supérieurs des côtés latéraux 2a1 - 2a4 par des attaches métalliques (non représentées). Ainsi, la cage métallique reste entièrement métallique pour résister au feu.The edges of the cover of the
Des tests ont été réalisés avec des détonateurs de surface ou de fond de trou (« in hole ») par exemple ceux commercialisés par la société NiTROERG SA (PL) sous les références NITRONEL comprenant une enveloppe métallique (« detonator cap ») contenant du PETN comme explosif secondaire et un explosif primaire d'azoture de plomb et un tube de guidage de type « DT-NITROTUBE ». L'enveloppe métallique (« detonator cap ») présente une longueur de 50 à 100 mm et un diamètre de 5 à 10 mm, et pour contenir de 500 à 1000 mg d'explosif. Le tube de guidage en plastique présente une longueur 10 à 100m mètres à raison de 10-20 mg/m, 2-5mm de diamètre externe et 1-2 mmm de diamètre interne contenant de 5-15 g PETN/m. Ces détonateurs non électriques sont aptes à amorcer un allumage avec un retard variables notamment de la milliseconde à la demi-seconde voire davantage pour les détonateurs de surface.Tests were carried out with surface or downhole detonators ("in hole"), for example those marketed by the company NiTROERG SA (PL) under the references NITRONEL comprising a metal casing ("detonator cap") containing PETN as a secondary explosive and a primary explosive of lead azide and a "DT-NITROTUBE" type guide tube. The metal casing (“detonator cap”) has a length of 50 to 100 mm and a diameter of 5 to 10 mm, and to contain 500 to 1000 mg of explosive. The plastic guide tube has a length of 10 to 100m meters at a rate of 10-20 mg / m, 2-5mm outer diameter and 1-2 mmm inner diameter containing 5-15 g PETN / m. These non-electric detonators are able to initiate ignition with a variable delay, in particular from milliseconds to half a second or even more for surface detonators.
Des essais comparatifs ont été réalisés avec 5 détonateurs dans l'emballage en initiant l'amorçage du détonateur central. Les 4 autres détonateurs ont explosé avec des retards différents en fonction de la longueur de tube guide du détonateur, avec une simple couche interne absorbante constituée soit d'une pluralité de panneaux en carton renforcés par trois couches doubles alvéoles du type du carton d'emballage, soit par des plaques de 50mm d'épaisseur de laine de roche de densité comprise entre 39 et 70 kg/m3, soit par des cartons laminés épais du type décrit ci-dessus. Ces essais permettent d'établir que la couche interne absorbante peut être perforée par les projections de l'enveloppe métallique du détonateur ayant explosé détériorant la boite externe en carton, et ce même si la majorité des éclats sont retenus par la couche absorbante. En revanche, en présence d'une couche externe de treillis métallique, l'emballage externe en carton est toujours préservé intact sans qu'aucune enveloppe métallique de détonateur ne puisse causer des dégâts de l'emballage externe, comme c'était le cas dans les essais comparatifs en l'absence de couche externe de treillis métallique.Comparative tests were carried out with 5 detonators in the package by initiating the priming of the central detonator. The other 4 detonators exploded with different delays depending on the length of the detonator guide tube, with a single internal absorbent layer consisting of either a plurality of cardboard panels reinforced by three double cell layers of the type of the packaging carton , either by 50 mm thick plates of rock wool with a density of between 39 and 70 kg / m3, or by thick laminated cardboards of the type described above. These tests make it possible to establish that the absorbent inner layer can be perforated by projections from the metal casing of the detonator having exploded, damaging the outer cardboard box, and this even if the majority of the fragments are retained by the absorbent layer. On the other hand, in the presence of an outer layer of wire mesh, the outer cardboard packaging is always preserved intact without any metal casing of the detonator can cause damage to the outer packaging, as was the case in comparative tests in the absence of an outer layer of metal mesh.
Claims (10)
- Packaging (1) able to contain a plurality of non-electric detonators (10) of the type comprising a metal shell (10a), in particular in the form of a cylindrical cartridge, filled with an explosive able to destroy said metal shells, said packaging comprising walls consisting of at least one outer layer (2) and one inner layer (3) with:- said outer layer (2) consisting of a steel metal mesh whose meshes (2-1) are able to retain the random projections of said entire metal shells (10a) in the event of destruction of said inner layer,- said inner layer (3) consisting of an absorbent inner layer able to (a) prevent physical contact between said outer layer and said metal shells (10a) able to be contained in the packaging and (b) absorb fragments of said metal shells able to be contained in said packaging, in the event of an explosion in said packaging resulting in destruction of said metal shells (10a), and- said outer layer and said inner layer being able to allow the gas generated by an explosion inside said packaging to pass through,
said absorbent inner layer (3) being formed by 6 independent rectangular solid panels (3a, 3b, 3c) disposed against the walls (2a1-2a5, 2b) of said outer layer (2) forming a parallelepipedal metal cage itself consisting of metal mesh panels connected together by metal fasteners, said panels of said inner layer being of dimensions adapted to allow their insertion into the metal cage while leaving a space between the panels once they have been placed against the walls of the various sides of the metal cage. - Packaging as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the space between adjacent panels (3a, 3b, 3c) of said inner layer is smaller than the dimension of said meshes (2-1) of the mesh of the outer layer (2).
- Packaging as claimed in one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said absorbent inner layer consists of a mineral material, preferably fibrous material.
- Packaging as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that said absorbent inner layer (2) consists of rigid solid panels of multilayer cardboard consisting of several sheets of cardboard compressed against each other, said cardboard being of fire-resistant grade.
- Packaging as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said rigid panels of said inner layer have a thickness of at least 4 mm and a weight of at least 2000 g/m2.
- Packaging as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that said absorbent inner layer consists of rock wool panels.
- Packaging as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said outer layer is of a metal mesh of steel rods or wires having a diameter of 1 to 2 mm and a mesh (3a) size of 5 to 25 mm.
- Packaging as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said detonator comprises an aluminum tubular element, forming a shell of the cartridge or cylindrical case type, containing an explosive product at the end of a plastic waveguide tube containing an explosive for remotely transmitting the pyrotechnic signal, each plastic waveguide tube being coiled and each detonator being packaged in a plastic bag.
- Packaging as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that it is able to contain 5 to 100 said detonators comprising said aluminum tubular element and one said plastic waveguide tube.
- Packaging as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the assembly consisting of the two said inner and outer layers is placed in a support packaging (4), in particular a cardboard box, preferably whose sides have dimensions of 250 to 500 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1759049A FR3071918A1 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | PACKAGING OF DETONATORS |
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EP3462122A1 EP3462122A1 (en) | 2019-04-03 |
EP3462122B1 true EP3462122B1 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
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EP18196036.0A Active EP3462122B1 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2018-09-21 | Packaging for detonators |
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EP (1) | EP3462122B1 (en) |
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Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB0704824D0 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2007-04-18 | Fireworks Internat Ltd | Packaging apparatus |
DE102010004744A1 (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2011-12-15 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Transport container for airbags in particular |
DE102012006040A1 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-04 | Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg | Packaging for shaped charges |
-
2017
- 2017-09-29 FR FR1759049A patent/FR3071918A1/en active Pending
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2018
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EP3462122A1 (en) | 2019-04-03 |
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