EP3459758A1 - Valuable document, method for producing same and printer - Google Patents
Valuable document, method for producing same and printer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3459758A1 EP3459758A1 EP18000744.5A EP18000744A EP3459758A1 EP 3459758 A1 EP3459758 A1 EP 3459758A1 EP 18000744 A EP18000744 A EP 18000744A EP 3459758 A1 EP3459758 A1 EP 3459758A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- effect pigments
- curing
- pigments
- value document
- selective curing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/369—Magnetised or magnetisable materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
- B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
- B05D3/065—After-treatment
- B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/20—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by magnetic fields
- B05D3/207—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by magnetic fields post-treatment by magnetic fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
- B05D5/065—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/373—Metallic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
- B42D25/387—Special inks absorbing or reflecting ultraviolet light
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a value document, in particular a banknote, and a document of value obtainable by the method.
- the invention further relates to a printing device suitable for carrying out the method.
- Data carriers such as valuables or identity documents, or other valuables, such as branded articles, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carriers and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
- Security elements with viewing-angle-dependent effects play a special role in the authentication of authenticity since they can not be reproduced even with the most modern copiers.
- the security elements are thereby equipped with optically variable elements that give the viewer a different image impression under different viewing angles and, for example, show a different color or brightness impression and / or another graphic motif depending on the viewing angle.
- Magnetically orientable effect pigments are commercially available, for example, under the trade name OVMI® from SICPA (the abbreviation OVMI stands for the term "optically variable magnetic ink").
- the pigments typically have a platelet-like structure and are in the form of a layer composite, often comprising two layers of optical effect layers and one in between embedded magnetic layer includes.
- metallic-reflecting layers as well as color-shifting layer systems, eg with an absorber / dielectric / reflector structure, are suitable.
- the embedded magnetic layer is usually invisible, but is required to align the pigments.
- the pigments dissolved in a printing ink are printed on a carrier substrate, for example banknote paper or a polymeric banknote substrate.
- a carrier substrate for example banknote paper or a polymeric banknote substrate.
- the ink is still liquid, so that the platelet-shaped pigments within the color matrix surrounding the pigments are still freely movable.
- an external magnetic field is applied in which the pigments align themselves, the pigments typically being arranged parallel to the field lines due to the shape anisotropy.
- the color matrix surrounding the effect pigments is cured either by UV radiation or by the application of heat, so that the effect pigments are immobilized in the aligned state.
- an optically variable effect such as a light reflection that runs along the tilting direction when tilting the printing technology security element obtained.
- various optically variable effects can be realized.
- FIG. 1 shows a paper substrate with a printable security feature based on OVMI pigments, with selective cure in two separate steps is carried out.
- the region (a) is selectively cured with a laser while applying a first magnetic field, while the remaining pigments in the region (b) remain freely movable.
- the selectively cured area can carry image information in the form of a border or projection.
- the magnetic particle ink reaches a second magnet.
- the still freely moving particles in region (b) align themselves in the stray field of the second magnet and are subsequently cured by means of a UV flood exposure.
- the regions (a) and (b) now carry different orientations of the magnetic particles contained therein. This procedure is in the Scriptures EP 2 468 423 A1 described.
- the EP 2 468 423 A1 describes the selective curing of a magnetic ink via the use of a laser or several lasers in the sense of an array, wherein the lasers are used either as focused or defocused point lasers or as line lasers. It describes resolutions ("projection of the laser beam") from 1.59mm to 9.5mm. Due to the very rough, minimal line width of 1.59 mm, there are inevitably disadvantages in terms of design choice. Thus, in the course of the laser treatment, only a very rough image information in the area (a) of FIG. 1 be introduced. Motives with fine weights can not be realized. Furthermore, the areas (a) and (b) of the FIG.
- this line widths of at most 200 microns, preferably less than 100 microns, more preferably less than 80 microns, are needed so that the individual lines are no longer visible to the human eye and the viewer gets the impression he sees a homogeneous picture. Accordingly, based on the state of the art so-called flip effects or overlapping pumping and running effects can not be realized.
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved production method for a security feature based on magnetically orientable effect pigments. In particular, finer resolutions should be achieved.
- the resolution or line width refers to the projected pixel size or line width of the light source at the location of the ink printed on the value document substrate and based on magnetically orientable effect pigments or OVMI pigments.
- selective curing is to be understood as meaning that a specific or selected area of the printed ink is cured, in particular in order in this way to produce a region with information content and / or a particular optically variable effect.
- the UV radiation is preferably a directed UV radiation.
- the value document substrate provided in step a) is in particular a paper substrate, a plastic substrate, a film / paper / foil composite substrate (see, for example, US Pat WO 2006/066431 A1 ) or a paper / foil / paper composite substrate (see eg WO 2004/028825 A2 ).
- the invention furthermore relates to a printing device for carrying out the production method according to the invention, comprising a device for providing a value document substrate, a device for printing the value document substrate with an ink based on magnetically orientable effect pigments or OVMI pigments, a device for orienting or Aligning the magnetically orientable effect pigments by means of a first magnetic field and means for selectively curing the color matrix surrounding the magnetically-oriented effect pigments by UV radiation or by laser radiation in a first region of the printed ink such that the effect pigments are immobilized in the aligned state, wherein the curing is at a resolution or linewidth, respectively less than 1.59 mm, preferably less than 800 ⁇ m.
- the printing device has a selective cure device that is adapted to perform the liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) technique, or the selective cure device comprises an absorption mask or a micro-mirror actuator (DMD) or a micromirror actuator (DMD) LCD or a diffractive optical element (DOE) or a lens array.
- the selective cure device comprises an absorption mask or a micro-mirror actuator (DMD) or a micromirror actuator (DMD) LCD or a diffractive optical element (DOE) or a lens array.
- DMD micro-mirror actuator
- DMD micromirror actuator
- DOE diffractive optical element
- the printing device additionally has a device for generating a second magnetic field deviating from the first magnetic field, which is suitable for non-immobilized, magnetically orientable effect pigments in a second region, which has not yet been irradiated, outside the first region of the printed image Orient or align printing ink.
- the printing device is preferably a screen printing device or screen printing machine.
- One embodiment is based on the use of an absorption mask.
- the simplest way to form a light beam is based on the use of a mask which is opaque with respect to the wavelength used.
- a mask which is opaque with respect to the wavelength used.
- this may e.g. a metallic grid or a metallic form, in particular based on aluminum, chromium, iron or the like.
- the mask is coated in a suitable material thickness, in particular greater than 200 nm, onto a transparent substrate, e.g. Glass, applied.
- Another embodiment is based on the use of a micromirror actuator or DMD.
- Typical parameters are about 4 million pixels with a diagonal of 0.7 inches.
- a micro-mirror actuator is based on a mirror array, ie a matrix-like arrangement of individual elements, wherein each individual element includes a tiltable reflecting surface with an edge length of a few micrometers.
- Each micromirror can be controlled flexibly by the force of electrostatic fields. The orientation of each mirror can be changed within a second up to 5000 times.
- light from a strong UV lamp or a laser can be deflected or reflected in such a way that an image (in the sense of an intensity modulation) is projected in the plane of the magnetic ink and selectively hardens in a pixel-selective manner.
- projection lenses or other optical means can additionally be used.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the selective curing of a color layer with OVMI pigments, wherein the micromirror actuator (DMD, 2D array) reflects the incident radiation and generates a freely selectable intensity modulation on the substrate plane. Illustrated is the single-shot method. Optionally existing optics between the micromirror actuator and the color layer with OVMI pigments is not shown.
- FIG. 3 Figure 1 illustrates a line-based, selective cure of a color layer with OVMI pigments in the form of a circle by means of a 1D DMD array, in which the mirrors continuously change their pitch as the substrate passes underneath.
- Another embodiment is based on the use of an LCoS ("Liquid Crystal on Silicon", translated into German: liquid crystals on [a] silicon [substrate]), in particular in reflection.
- LCoS Liquid Crystal on Silicon
- Typical parameters are a chip size with a diagonal of 15.5 mm, an image size of 1920 x 1080 pixels, a reflectivity of 74% and a contrast ratio greater than 5000: 1.
- an LCoS can be used. This includes a silicon foil (acts as a reflector), a thin layer of liquid crystal based thereon, and a thin glass sheet.
- a silicon foil acts as a reflector
- a thin layer of liquid crystal based thereon in contrast to the micromirrors of the DMD, in the case of the LCoS liquid crystal molecules are driven by an electrical voltage. The orientation of the latter determines whether or not light can successfully pass the polarizer again, i. whether light is reflected or absorbed by the LCoS.
- the LCoS requires polarized light and thus a higher output power of the light source. Again, a 1D design or a 2D design of the chip is possible.
- an LCoS can be used not only in reflection but also in transmission.
- Another embodiment is based on the use of an LCD or a liquid crystal display, in particular in transmission.
- An LCD in contrast to LCoS, has two polarizers and is transmitted in transmission, i. without reflection layer, operated. According to the orientation of the liquid crystal, it changes the polarization of the light and decides whether or not light can pass through the second polarizer.
- LCD, LCoS and DMD are electronic "switchable" masks, so to speak.
- DOE diffractive optical element
- Diffractive optical elements are glass substrates to which microstructures are applied by lithographic techniques. Through different optical path lengths (in particular by height variations or by refractive index variations) of the sub-beams, phase modulations occur in them, resulting in interference patterns which generate amplitude modulations by constructive and destructive superimposition.
- the intensity patterns of a laser beam - after transmission through the DOE - manipulate and the beam can be shaped accordingly.
- high-quality DOEs have high transmission values and efficiency values, i. they only slightly reduce the power of the input intensity.
- Another embodiment is based on the use of a microlens array.
- each microlens illuminates the incident light at a point below the lens plane.
- a checkerboard-like curing of the magnetic ink could thus be realized.
- 1D lenticular screens e.g., cylindrical lenses
- variable grids can be produced when illuminating a lens array by varying the size and / or the spacings and / or the shape and / or the regularity of the individual lenses.
- FIG. 6 shows a lens array in combination with a UV flood exposure for the checkerboard curing of a color layer with OMVI pigments.
- the method according to the invention offers numerous advantages over the prior art.
- various optical effects are known, which can be achieved by means of magnetic alignment of pigments and subsequent radiation curing.
- the possibility of combining several different effects by selective radiation curing So far, however, only macroscopic surfaces (namely with a resolution greater than 1.6 mm) can be used for such combinations.
- many microscopic surfaces in particular with a resolution of less than 200 ⁇ m must be combined (or “nested") with one another, so that no disturbing rasters are visible. This is possible when using one or more of the techniques described herein. For example, flip effects can be realized where some effect is visible from one viewing angle area on the whole footprint of the security feature, and another effect is visible from another viewing angle area on the whole footprint of the security feature.
- various motion effects can be seamlessly combined.
- the nesting mechanism works as follows:
- This effect (a) is only at a viewing angle of e.g. 45 ° to see.
- the remaining free area is occupied with an effect (b) which is only at an angle of e.g. -45 ° can be seen.
- the rasterization or interleaving of the two effects is not recognizable. Now, for the viewer, the effect (a) appears over the entire surface at 45 ° and the effect (b) over the entire surface at below -45 °.
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wertdokuments, insbesondere eine Banknote, umfassend a) das Bereitstellen eines Wertdokumentsubstrats; b) das Bedrucken des Wertdokumentsubstrats mit einer auf magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmenten bzw. OVMI-Pigmenten basierenden Druckfarbe; c) solange die aufgedruckte Druckfarbe noch flüssig ist, das Orientieren bzw. Ausrichten der magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmente mittels eines ersten Magnetfelds; d) das selektive Aushärten der die magnetisch orientierten Effektpigmente umgebenden Farbmatrix durch UV-Strahlung oder durch Laserstrahlung in einem ersten Bereich der aufgedruckten Druckfarbe, sodass die Effektpigmente im ausgerichteten Zustand immobilisiert werden, wobei das Aushärten mit einer Auflösung bzw. einer Linienbreite von weniger als 1,59 mm, bevorzugt weniger als 800 µm, erfolgt.The invention relates to a method for producing a value document, in particular a banknote, comprising a) providing a value document substrate; b) printing the value document substrate with an ink based on magnetically orientable effect pigments or OVMI pigments; c) while the printed ink is still liquid, orienting or aligning the magnetically orientable effect pigments by means of a first magnetic field; d) the selective curing of the color matrix surrounding the magnetically oriented effect pigments by UV radiation or by laser radiation in a first region of the printed ink so that the effect pigments are immobilized in the aligned state, the curing having a resolution or a line width of less than 1 , 59 mm, preferably less than 800 microns, takes place.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wertdokuments, insbesondere eine Banknote, und ein nach dem Verfahren erhältliches Wertdokument. Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Druckvorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for producing a value document, in particular a banknote, and a document of value obtainable by the method. The invention further relates to a printing device suitable for carrying out the method.
Datenträger, wie etwa Wert- oder Ausweisdokumente, oder andere Wertgegenstände, wie etwa Markenartikel, werden zur Absicherung oft mit Sicherheitselementen versehen, die eine Überprüfung der Echtheit der Datenträger gestatten und die zugleich als Schutz vor unerlaubter Reproduktion dienen. Eine besondere Rolle bei der Echtheitsabsicherung spielen Sicherheitselemente mit betrachtungswinkelabhängigen Effekten, da diese selbst mit modernsten Kopiergeräten nicht reproduziert werden können. Die Sicherheitselemente werden dabei mit optisch variablen Elementen ausgestattet, die dem Betrachter unter unterschiedlichen Betrachtungswinkeln einen unterschiedlichen Bildeindruck vermitteln und beispielsweise je nach Betrachtungswinkel einen anderen Farb- oder Helligkeitseindruck und/oder ein anderes graphisches Motiv zeigen.Data carriers, such as valuables or identity documents, or other valuables, such as branded articles, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carriers and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction. Security elements with viewing-angle-dependent effects play a special role in the authentication of authenticity since they can not be reproduced even with the most modern copiers. The security elements are thereby equipped with optically variable elements that give the viewer a different image impression under different viewing angles and, for example, show a different color or brightness impression and / or another graphic motif depending on the viewing angle.
Im Stand der Technik sind Sicherheitsmerkmale zur Absicherung von Wertdokumenten, insbesondere Banknoten, bekannt, die magnetisch orientierbare Effektpigmente enthalten. Magnetisch orientierbare Effektpigmente sind z.B. kommerziell unter dem Handelsnamen OVMI® der Firma SICPA erhältlich (die Abkürzung OVMI steht für den Begriff "optically variable magnetic ink"). Die Pigmente besitzen typischerweise einen plättchenförmigen Aufbau und liegen in Form eines Schichtverbunds vor, der häufig zwei Lagen optischer Effektschichten und eine dazwischen eingebettete magnetische Schicht beinhaltet. Mit Bezug auf die optischen Effektschichten kommen metallisch-spiegelnde Schichten ebenso wie farbschiebende Schichtsysteme, z.B. mit einem Absorber/Dielektrikum/Reflektor-Aufbau, infrage. Die eingebettete Magnetschicht ist in der Regel nicht sichtbar, ist aber zur Ausrichtung der Pigmente erforderlich.Security features for securing value documents, in particular banknotes, which contain magnetically orientable effect pigments are known in the prior art. Magnetically orientable effect pigments are commercially available, for example, under the trade name OVMI® from SICPA (the abbreviation OVMI stands for the term "optically variable magnetic ink"). The pigments typically have a platelet-like structure and are in the form of a layer composite, often comprising two layers of optical effect layers and one in between embedded magnetic layer includes. With regard to the optical effect layers, metallic-reflecting layers as well as color-shifting layer systems, eg with an absorber / dielectric / reflector structure, are suitable. The embedded magnetic layer is usually invisible, but is required to align the pigments.
Die in einer Druckfarbe gelösten Pigmente werden auf ein Trägersubstrat, zum Beispiel Banknotenpapier oder ein polymeres Banknotensubstrat, gedruckt. Unmittelbar nach dem Druck ist die Farbe noch flüssig, sodass die plättchenförmigen Pigmente innerhalb der die Pigmente umgebenden Farbmatrix noch frei beweglich sind. Anschließend wird ein externes Magnetfeld angelegt, in dem sich die Pigmente ausrichten, wobei sich die Pigmente infolge der Form-Anisotropie typischerweise parallel zu den Feldlinien anordnen. In diesem Zustand wird die die Effektpigmente umgebende Farbmatrix entweder durch UV-Strahlung oder durch Zufuhr von Wärme ausgehärtet, sodass die Effektpigmente im ausgerichteten Zustand immobilisiert werden. Für einen Beobachter entsteht auf diese Weise ein optisch variabler Effekt, beispielsweise ein Lichtreflex, der beim Kippen des drucktechnisch erhaltenen Sicherheitselements entlang der Kipp-Richtung verläuft. Je nach angelegtem Magnetfeld lassen sich verschiedene optisch variable Effekte realisieren.The pigments dissolved in a printing ink are printed on a carrier substrate, for example banknote paper or a polymeric banknote substrate. Immediately after printing, the ink is still liquid, so that the platelet-shaped pigments within the color matrix surrounding the pigments are still freely movable. Subsequently, an external magnetic field is applied in which the pigments align themselves, the pigments typically being arranged parallel to the field lines due to the shape anisotropy. In this state, the color matrix surrounding the effect pigments is cured either by UV radiation or by the application of heat, so that the effect pigments are immobilized in the aligned state. For an observer arises in this way an optically variable effect, such as a light reflection that runs along the tilting direction when tilting the printing technology security element obtained. Depending on the applied magnetic field, various optically variable effects can be realized.
Ausgehend von dem oben beschriebenen Verfahren können Magnetfarbbereiche gemäß dem Stand der Technik auch in zwei separaten Schritten gehärtet werden, um komplexere Effekte und/oder Bildinformationen zu realisieren. Die
Die
Bedingt durch eine endliche Anzahl an Laserquellen lassen sich zudem keine großflächigen Bereiche mit unterschiedlicher Intensitätsverteilung im Single-Shot-Verfahren aushärten. Ein Linien-basiertes und/oder Punkt-basiertes Aushärten limitiert die Prozessgeschwindigkeit.Due to a finite number of laser sources, it is also not possible to cure large areas with different intensity distribution in a single-shot process. Line-based and / or point-based curing limits the process speed.
Ausgehend vom oben zitierten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein verbessertes Herstellungsverfahren für ein auf magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmenten basierendes Sicherheitsmerkmal bereitzustellen. Insbesondere sollen feinere Auflösungen erzielt werden.Based on the above-cited prior art, the object of the invention is to provide an improved production method for a security feature based on magnetically orientable effect pigments. In particular, finer resolutions should be achieved.
Diese Aufgabe wird auf Grundlage der im unabhängigen Anspruch definierten Merkmalskombination gelöst.This object is achieved on the basis of the feature combination defined in the independent claim.
Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
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1. (Erster Aspekt der Erfindung) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wertdokuments, insbesondere eine Banknote, umfassend
- a) das Bereitstellen eines Wertdokumentsubstrats;
- b) das Bedrucken des Wertdokumentsubstrats mit einer auf magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmenten bzw. OVMI-Pigmenten basierenden Druckfarbe;
- c) solange die aufgedruckte Druckfarbe noch flüssig ist, das Orientieren bzw. Ausrichten der magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmente mittels eines ersten Magnetfelds;
- d) das selektive Aushärten der die magnetisch orientierten Effektpigmente umgebenden Farbmatrix durch UV-Strahlung oder durch Laserstrahlung in einem ersten Bereich der aufgedruckten Druckfarbe, sodass die Effektpigmente im ausgerichteten Zustand immobilisiert werden, wobei das Aushärten mit einer Auflösung bzw. einer Linienbreite von weniger als 1,59 mm, bevorzugt weniger als 800 µm, erfolgt.
- a) providing a value document substrate;
- b) printing the value document substrate with an ink based on magnetically orientable effect pigments or OVMI pigments;
- c) while the printed ink is still liquid, orienting or aligning the magnetically orientable effect pigments by means of a first magnetic field;
- d) the selective curing of the magnetically oriented effect pigments surrounding color matrix by UV radiation or by laser radiation in a first region of the printed ink, so that the effect pigments are immobilized in the aligned state, wherein the curing with a resolution or a line width of less than 1.59 mm, preferably less than 800 microns, he follows.
Die Auflösung bzw. Linienbreite bezieht sich auf die projizierte Pixelgröße bzw. Linienbreite der Lichtquelle am Ort der auf das Wertdokumentsubstrat aufgedruckten, auf magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmenten bzw. OVMI-Pigmenten basierenden Druckfarbe.The resolution or line width refers to the projected pixel size or line width of the light source at the location of the ink printed on the value document substrate and based on magnetically orientable effect pigments or OVMI pigments.
Der Begriff "selektives Aushärten" ist so zu verstehen, dass ein bestimmter bzw. selektierter Bereich der aufgedruckten Druckfarbe ausgehärtet wird, insbesondere um auf diese Weise einen Bereich mit Informationsgehalt und/oder einem besonderen optisch variablen Effekt zu erzeugen.The term "selective curing" is to be understood as meaning that a specific or selected area of the printed ink is cured, in particular in order in this way to produce a region with information content and / or a particular optically variable effect.
Die UV-Strahlung ist bevorzugt eine gerichtete UV-Strahlung.The UV radiation is preferably a directed UV radiation.
Das im Schritt a) bereitgestellte Wertdokumentsubstrat ist insbesondere ein Papiersubstrat, ein Kunststoffsubstrat, ein Folie/ Papier/ Folie-Verbundsubstrat (siehe z.B. die
Gemäß einer Variante handelt es sich bei dem im Schritt a) bereitgestellten Wertdokumentsubstrat um ein Foliensubstrat zur Herstellung von Sicherheitsstreifen, Sicherheitsfäden oder Sicherheits-Patches bzw. Sicherheitsetiketten, die zur Absicherung von Wertdokumenten, z.B. Banknoten, geeignet sind.
- 2. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach
Absatz 1, zusätzlich umfassend- e) den Schritt, in dem das erhaltene Wertdokumentsubstrat einem zweiten, vom ersten Magnetfeld abweichenden Magnetfeld ausgesetzt wird, um auf diese Weise noch nicht immobilisierte, magnetisch orientierbare Effektpigmente in einem bislang noch nicht bestrahlten, zweiten Bereich außerhalb des ersten Bereichs der aufgedruckten Druckfarbe zu orientieren bzw. auszurichten; und
- f) das Aushärten der die magnetisch orientierten Effektpigmente umgebenden Farbmatrix im zweiten Bereich der aufgedruckten Druckfarbe durch Strahlung, insbesondere UV-Strahlung, sodass die Effektpigmente im ausgerichteten Zustand immobilisiert werden.
Insbesondere kann auf diese Weise ein mit magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmenten bedrucktes Wertdokumentsubstrat bereitgestellt werden, das in einem ersten Bereich der Druckschicht einen ersten optischen Effekt (bzw. ersten optisch variablen Effekt) aufweist und in einem zweiten Bereich der Druckschicht einen vom ersten optischen Effekt(bzw. ersten optisch variablen Effekt) abweichenden zweiten optischen Effekt (bzw. zweiten optisch variablen Effekt) aufweist. - 3. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach
Absatz 1 oder 2, wobei das selektive Aushärten im Schritt d) durch Verwenden einer Absorptionsmaske oder eines Mikrospiegelaktors (DMD) oder einer LCoS(Liquid Crystal on Silicon)-Technik oder einer LCD oder eines diffraktiven optischen Elements (DOE) oder eines Linsenarrays erfolgt. - 4. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1 bis 3, wobei das selektive Aushärten im Schritt d) in einem Single-Shot-Verfahren erfolgt.
Im Single-Shot-Verfahren kann ein 2D-Array verwendet werden. Insbesondere wird hierbei ein 2D-DMD, eine LCoS(Liquid Crystal on Silicon)-Technik oder eine LCD verwendet. - 5. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1 bis 4, wobei das selektive Aushärten im Schritt d) ein linienbasiertes Härten ist.
Beim linienbasierten Härten kann ein 1D-Array verwendet werden. Insbesondere wird hierbei ein 1D-DMD, eine LCoS(Liquid Crystal on Silicon)-Technik oder eine LCD verwendet. - 6. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1bis 5, wobei das selektive Aushärten im Schritt d) mittels einer LCoS(Liquid Crystal on Silicon)-Technik erfolgt, insbesondere in Reflexion. - 7. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1bis 5, wobei das selektive Aushärten im Schritt d) mittels einer LCD erfolgt. - 8. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1bis 5, wobei das selektive Aushärten im Schritt d) durch Verwenden eines diffraktiven optischen Elements (DOE), insbesondere in Verbindung mit Laserstrahlung, erfolgt. - 9. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1bis 5, wobei das selektive Aushärten im Schritt d) durch Verwenden eines Mikrolinsenarrays, insbesondere in Verbindung mit einer gerichteten UV-(Flut)Belichtung, erfolgt. - 10. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1 bis 9, wobei das selektive Aushärten der die magnetisch orientierten Effektpigmente umgebenden Farbmatrix im Schritt d), und gegebenenfalls im Schritt f), so erfolgt, dass die Effektpigmente im ausgerichteten Zustand immobilisiert werden und auf diese Weise einen optisch variablen Effekt erzeugen.
Der optisch variable Effekt ist z.B. ein Lichtreflex, der beim Kippen des erhaltenen Wertdokuments entlang der Kipp-Richtung erfolgt.
Im Falle, dass die Schritte e) und f) zwingend sind, können zwei Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen optisch variablen Effekten erhalten werden. - 11. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1 bis 10, wobei mittels des selektiven Aushärtens der die magnetisch orientierten Effektpigmente umgebenden Farbmatrix eine Bildinformation in Form von Zeichen oder einer Codierung, oder in Form eines Musters, einer Umrandung oder einer Projektion, erzeugt wird. - 12. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1 bis 11, wobei mittels des selektiven Aushärtens der die magnetisch orientierten Effektpigmente umgebenden Farbmatrix ineinander verschachtelte Bildbereiche erzeugt werden, die jeweils eine Auflösung bzw. eine Linienbreite von weniger als 200 µm, bevorzugt weniger als 100 µm und insbesondere bevorzugt weniger als 80 µm, aufweisen.
Die Auflösung bzw. Linienbreite bezieht sich auf die projizierte Pixelgröße bzw. Linienbreite der Lichtquelle am Ort der auf das Wertdokumentsubstrat aufgedruckten, auf magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmenten bzw. OVMI-Pigmenten basierenden Druckfarbe. - 13. (Zweiter Aspekt der Erfindung) Wertdokument, insbesondere eine Banknote, erhältlich durch das Verfahren nach einem der
Absätze 1 bis 12.
Das Wertdokument kann weiter im Besonderen eine Papierbanknote, Polymerbanknote oder Folienverbundbanknote, oder eine Ausweiskarte oder eine Passdatenseite sein. - 14. (Dritter Aspekt der Erfindung) Druckvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der
Absätze 1 bis 12, umfassend eine Einrichtung für das Bereitstellen eines Wertdokumentsubstrats, eine Einrichtung für das Bedrucken des Wertdokumentsubstrats mit einer auf magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmenten bzw. OVMI-Pigmenten basierenden Druckfarbe, einer Einrichtung für das Orientieren bzw. Ausrichten der magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmente mittels eines ersten Magnetfelds und einer Einrichtung für das selektive Aushärten der die magnetisch orientierten Effektpigmente umgebenden Farbmatrix durch UV-Strahlung oder durch Laserstrahlung in einem ersten Bereich der aufgedruckten Druckfarbe, sodass die Effektpigmente im ausgerichteten Zustand immobilisiert werden, wobei das Aushärten mit einer Auflösung bzw. einer Linienbreite von wenigerals 1,59 mm, bevorzugt weniger als 800 µm, erfolgt. - 15. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Druckvorrichtung nach Absatz 14, wobei die Einrichtung für das selektive Aushärten eine an die Durchführung der LCoS(Liquid Crystal on Silicon)-Technik angepasste Einrichtung ist oder die Einrichtung für das selektive Aushärten eine Absorptionsmaske oder einen Mikrospiegelaktor (DMD) oder eine LCD oder ein diffraktives optisches Element (DOE) oder einen Linsenarrays aufweist.
- 16. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Druckvorrichtung nach Absatz 14 oder 15, wobei die Druckvorrichtung weiterhin eine Einrichtung für das Erzeugen eines zweiten, vom ersten Magnetfeld abweichenden Magnetfelds aufweist, das dazu geeignet ist, noch nicht immobilisierte, magnetisch orientierbare Effektpigmente in einem bislang noch nicht bestrahlten, zweiten Bereich außerhalb des ersten Bereichs der aufgedruckten Druckfarbe zu orientieren bzw. auszurichten.
- 17. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Druckvorrichtung nach einem der Absätze 14 bis 16, wobei die Druckvorrichtung eine Siebdruckvorrichtung ist.
- 2. (Preferred embodiment) Method according to
paragraph 1, additionally comprising- e) the step in which the resulting value document substrate is exposed to a second magnetic field deviating from the first magnetic field so as to orient non-immobilized, magnetically orientable effect pigments in a second region, which has not yet been irradiated, outside the first region of the printed ink or to align; and
- f) the curing of the color matrix surrounding the magnetically oriented effect pigments in the second region of the printed ink by radiation, in particular UV radiation, so that the effect pigments are immobilized in the aligned state.
In particular, a value document substrate printed with magnetically orientable effect pigments can be provided in this way, which has a first optical effect (or first optically variable effect) in a first region of the printing layer and a first optical effect (or first optical effect) in a second region of the printing layer. first optically variable effect) deviating second optical effect (or second optically variable effect). - 3. (Preferred Embodiment) Method according to
1 or 2, wherein the selective curing in step d) is accomplished by using an absorption mask or a micro-mirror actuator (DMD) or LCoS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) technique or LCD or diffractive optical element (DOE) or a lens array.paragraph - 4. (Preferred embodiment) The method according to any one of
paragraphs 1 to 3, wherein the selective curing in step d) takes place in a single-shot method.
In the single-shot method, a 2D array can be used. In particular, a 2D-DMD, an LCoS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) technique or an LCD is used here. - 5. (Preferred Embodiment) A method according to any one of
paragraphs 1 to 4, wherein the selective cure in step d) is a line-based cure.
For line-based curing, a 1D array can be used. In particular, a 1D DMD, an LCoS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) technique or an LCD is used here. - 6. (Preferred embodiment) Method according to one of
paragraphs 1 to 5, wherein the selective curing in step d) takes place by means of an LCoS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) technique, in particular in reflection. - 7. (Preferred Embodiment) The method according to any one of
paragraphs 1 to 5, wherein the selective curing in step d) is performed by means of an LCD. - 8. (Preferred Embodiment) Method according to one of
paragraphs 1 to 5, wherein the selective curing in step d) takes place by using a diffractive optical element (DOE), in particular in conjunction with laser radiation. - 9. (Preferred Embodiment) A method according to any one of
paragraphs 1 to 5, wherein the selective curing in step d) is performed by using a microlens array, in particular in conjunction with a directed UV (flood) exposure. - 10. (Preferred embodiment) Method according to one of
paragraphs 1 to 9, wherein the selective curing of the color matrix surrounding the magnetically oriented effect pigments in step d), and optionally in step f), takes place in such a way that the effect pigments are immobilized in the aligned state and create an optically variable effect in this way.
The optically variable effect is, for example, a light reflection which takes place when tilting the resulting value document along the tilting direction.
In the case where steps e) and f) are mandatory, two areas with different optically variable effects can be obtained. - 11. (Preferred embodiment) Method according to one of
paragraphs 1 to 10, wherein by means of the selective curing of the color matrix surrounding the magnetically oriented effect pigments generates image information in the form of characters or a coding, or in the form of a pattern, a border or a projection becomes. - 12. (Preferred Embodiment) Method according to one of the
paragraphs 1 to 11, wherein by means of the selective curing of the color matrix surrounding the magnetically oriented effect pigments, nested image areas are generated which each have a resolution or a resolution Line width of less than 200 microns, preferably less than 100 microns and more preferably less than 80 microns, have.
The resolution or line width refers to the projected pixel size or line width of the light source at the location of the ink printed on the value document substrate and based on magnetically orientable effect pigments or OVMI pigments. - 13. (Second aspect of the invention) Value document, in particular a banknote, obtainable by the method according to one of the
paragraphs 1 to 12.
The value document may further be in particular a paper banknote, polymer banknote or composite film banknote, or an identity card or a passport data page. - 14. (Third aspect of the invention) A printing apparatus for performing the method according to any one of
paragraphs 1 to 12, comprising means for providing a value document substrate, means for printing the value document substrate with an ink based on magnetically orientable effect pigments or OVMI pigments a device for orienting or aligning the magnetically orientable effect pigments by means of a first magnetic field and a device for the selective curing of the color matrix surrounding the magnetically oriented effect pigments by UV radiation or by laser radiation in a first region of the printed ink, so that the effect pigments in aligned state, wherein the curing with a resolution or a line width of less than 1.59 mm, preferably less than 800 microns, takes place. - 15. (Preferred Embodiment) A printing device according to paragraph 14, wherein the selective curing device is a device adapted to perform the LCoS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) technique, or the selective cure device is an absorption mask or micro-mirror actuator (DMD). or an LCD or a diffractive optical element (DOE) or a lens array.
- 16. (Preferred Embodiment) A printing apparatus according to paragraph 14 or 15, wherein the printing apparatus further comprises means for generating a second magnetic field deviating from the first magnetic field suitable for not yet immobilized magnetically orientable effect pigments in a hitherto unirradiated one to orient or align the second area outside the first area of the printed ink.
- 17. (Preferred Embodiment) A printing apparatus according to any one of paragraphs 14 to 16, wherein the printing apparatus is a screen printing apparatus.
Ausführliche Beschreibung der bevorzugten AusführungsformenDetailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
In der vorliegenden Beschreibung wird anstelle der Formulierung "magnetisch orientierbare Effektpigmente" die Abkürzung OVMI-Pigmente verwendet.In the present specification, instead of the phrase "magnetically orientable effect pigments", the abbreviation OVMI pigments is used.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur partiellen bzw. bereichsweisen Härtung magnetischer Farbe, bei dem sich die Intensitätsverteilung einer starken UV-Lampe oder eines Lasers individuell anpassen lässt, um die magnetische Farbe im Single-Shot-Modus oder im Modus des linienförmigen Abfahrens härten zu können und vorzugweise Auflösungen von weniger als 1,6mm zu ermöglichen. Zur selektiven Härtung z.B. des in der
- Option 1) Verwendung einer Absorptionsmaske.
- Option 2) Verwendung eines Mikrospiegelaktors (sogenannter "Digital Micromirror Device", hierfür wird nachstehend auch die Abkürzung DMD verwendet).
- Option 1) Use of an absorption mask.
- Option 2) Use of a micro-mirror actuator (so-called "Digital Micromirror Device", for which the abbreviation DMD is used below).
Der Mikrospiegelaktor ist ein mikroelektromechanisches Bauelement zur dynamischen Modulation von Licht. Insbesondere kann ein Flächenlichtmodulator verwendet werden. Hierbei erfolgt die Modulation des Lichts über eine Spiegelmatrix. Weiter im Besonderen kann eine der folgenden Einrichtungen zur Anwendung kommen:
- LCoS ("Liquid Crystal on Silicon", übersetzt ins Deutsche: Flüssigkristalle auf [einem] Silizium[substrat]) insbesondere in Reflexion;
- LCD bzw. eine Flüssigkristallanzeige, insbesondere in Transmission;
- DOE bzw. ein diffraktives optisches Element;
- ein Linsenarray.
- LCoS ("Liquid Crystal on Silicon", translated into German: liquid crystals on [a] silicon [substrate]), especially in reflection;
- LCD or a liquid crystal display, in particular in transmission;
- DOE or a diffractive optical element;
- a lens array.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist weiterhin eine Druckvorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahrens, umfassend eine Einrichtung für das Bereitstellen eines Wertdokumentsubstrats, eine Einrichtung für das Bedrucken des Wertdokumentsubstrats mit einer auf magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmenten bzw. OVMI-Pigmenten basierenden Druckfarbe, einer Einrichtung für das Orientieren bzw. Ausrichten der magnetisch orientierbaren Effektpigmente mittels eines ersten Magnetfelds und einer Einrichtung für das selektive Aushärten der die magnetisch orientierten Effektpigmente umgebenden Farbmatrix durch UV-Strahlung oder durch Laserstrahlung in einem ersten Bereich der aufgedruckten Druckfarbe, sodass die Effektpigmente im ausgerichteten Zustand immobilisiert werden, wobei das Aushärten mit einer Auflösung bzw. einer Linienbreite von weniger als 1,59 mm, bevorzugt weniger als 800 µm, erfolgt.The invention furthermore relates to a printing device for carrying out the production method according to the invention, comprising a device for providing a value document substrate, a device for printing the value document substrate with an ink based on magnetically orientable effect pigments or OVMI pigments, a device for orienting or Aligning the magnetically orientable effect pigments by means of a first magnetic field and means for selectively curing the color matrix surrounding the magnetically-oriented effect pigments by UV radiation or by laser radiation in a first region of the printed ink such that the effect pigments are immobilized in the aligned state, wherein the curing is at a resolution or linewidth, respectively less than 1.59 mm, preferably less than 800 μm.
Es wird bevorzugt, dass die Druckvorrichtung eine Einrichtung für das selektive Aushärten aufweist, die eine an die Durchführung der LCoS(Liquid Crystal on Silicon)-Technik angepasste Einrichtung ist oder die Einrichtung für das selektive Aushärten eine Absorptionsmaske oder einen Mikrospiegelaktor (DMD) oder eine LCD oder ein diffraktives optisches Element (DOE) oder einen Linsenarrays aufweist.It is preferred that the printing device has a selective cure device that is adapted to perform the liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) technique, or the selective cure device comprises an absorption mask or a micro-mirror actuator (DMD) or a micromirror actuator (DMD) LCD or a diffractive optical element (DOE) or a lens array.
Weiterhin wird bevorzugt, dass die Druckvorrichtung zusätzlich eine Einrichtung für das Erzeugen eines zweiten, vom ersten Magnetfeld abweichenden Magnetfelds aufweist, das dazu geeignet ist, noch nicht immobilisierte, magnetisch orientierbare Effektpigmente in einem bislang noch nicht bestrahlten, zweiten Bereich außerhalb des ersten Bereichs der aufgedruckten Druckfarbe zu orientieren bzw. auszurichten.It is further preferred that the printing device additionally has a device for generating a second magnetic field deviating from the first magnetic field, which is suitable for non-immobilized, magnetically orientable effect pigments in a second region, which has not yet been irradiated, outside the first region of the printed image Orient or align printing ink.
Die Druckvorrichtung ist vorzugsweise eine Siebdruckvorrichtung bzw. Siebdruckmaschine.The printing device is preferably a screen printing device or screen printing machine.
Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele sowie Vorteile der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren erläutert, bei deren Darstellung auf eine maßstabs- und proportionsgetreue Wiedergabe verzichtet wurde, um die Anschaulichkeit zu erhöhen.Further exemplary embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained below with reference to the figures, in the representation of which a representation true to scale and proportion has been dispensed with in order to increase the clarity.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein Wertdokumentsubstrat, z.B. ein Papiersubstrat zur Herstellung von Banknoten, das mit einer auf OVMI-Pigmenten basierenden Druckfarbe bedruckt ist, wobei das Aushärten der Druckschicht in zwei separaten Schritten erfolgt;
- Fig. 2
- die selektive Härtung einer Farbschicht mit OVMI-Pigmenten, wobei der Mikrospiegelaktor (DMD, 2D-Array) die eintreffende Strahlung reflektiert und eine frei wählbare Intensitätsmodulation auf der Substratebene erzeugt;
- Fig. 3
- eine linienbasierte, selektive Härtung einer Farbschicht mit OVMI-Pigmenten in Form eines Kreises mittels eines 1D-DMD Arrays, indem die Spiegel kontinuierlich ihre Steigung verändern, während das Substrat darunter durchfährt;
- Fig. 4
- die Beleuchtung eines 2D-DOE mit kohärenter Strahlung, um die Farbschicht mit OVMI-Pigmenten entsprechend dem Beugungsbild auszuhärten;
- Fig. 5
- ein DOE zur Erzeugung einer spezifischen Intensitätsmodulation zur Bildkodierung;
- Fig. 6
- ein Linsenarray in Kombination mit einer UV-Flutbelichtung zur schachbrettartigen Aushärtung einer Farbschicht mit OMVI-Pigmenten.
- Fig. 1
- a value document substrate, eg a paper substrate for producing banknotes, which is printed with an ink based on OVMI pigments, the curing of the printing layer taking place in two separate steps;
- Fig. 2
- the selective curing of a color layer with OVMI pigments, wherein the micromirror actuator (DMD, 2D array) reflects the incident radiation and generates a freely selectable intensity modulation on the substrate plane;
- Fig. 3
- a line-based, selective hardening of a color layer with OVMI pigments in the form of a circle by means of a 1D-DMD array, in which the mirrors continuously change their pitch as the substrate passes underneath;
- Fig. 4
- illuminating a 2D DOE with coherent radiation to cure the color layer with OVMI pigments according to the diffraction pattern;
- Fig. 5
- a DOE for generating a specific intensity modulation for image coding;
- Fig. 6
- a lens array in combination with a UV flood exposure for the checkerboard curing of a color layer with OMVI pigments.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel basiert auf der Verwendung einer Absorptionsmaske.One embodiment is based on the use of an absorption mask.
Die einfachste Möglichkeit zur Formung eines Lichtstrahls basiert auf der Benutzung einer Maske, die mit Bezug auf die verwendete Wellenlänge opak wirkt. Im Falle von UV-Licht kann dies z.B. ein metallisches Raster oder eine metallische Form sein, insbesondere auf Basis von Aluminium, Chrom, Eisen oder dergleichen. Die Maske wird in einer geeigneten Materialdicke, die insbesondere größer als 200 nm ist, auf ein transparentes Substrat, z.B. Glas, aufgebracht.The simplest way to form a light beam is based on the use of a mask which is opaque with respect to the wavelength used. In the case of UV light, this may e.g. a metallic grid or a metallic form, in particular based on aluminum, chromium, iron or the like. The mask is coated in a suitable material thickness, in particular greater than 200 nm, onto a transparent substrate, e.g. Glass, applied.
Von Nachteil bei der Verwendung einer Maske ist jedoch der Beugungseffekt unter Laserbestrahlung, die zu einem Ausschmieren der Maske in der OVMI-Ebene führt.The disadvantage of using a mask, however, is the diffraction effect under laser irradiation, which results in masking of the mask in the OVMI plane.
Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel basiert auf der Verwendung eines Mikrospiegelaktors bzw. DMD.Another embodiment is based on the use of a micromirror actuator or DMD.
Typische Parameter sind dabei etwa 4 Millionen Bildpunkte bei einer Diagonalen von 0,7 Zoll.Typical parameters are about 4 million pixels with a diagonal of 0.7 inches.
Ein Mikrospiegelaktor basiert auf einem Spiegelarray, d.h. eine matrixförmige Anordnung von Einzelelementen, wobei jedes Einzelelement eine verkippbare spiegelnde Fläche mit einer Kantenlänge von wenigen Mikrometern beinhaltet. Jeder Mikrospiegel lässt sich dabei flexibel über die Kraftwirkung von elektrostatischen Feldern ansteuern. Die Ausrichtung jedes Spiegels lässt sich dabei innerhalb einer Sekunde bis zu 5000-mal wechseln.A micro-mirror actuator is based on a mirror array, ie a matrix-like arrangement of individual elements, wherein each individual element includes a tiltable reflecting surface with an edge length of a few micrometers. Each micromirror can be controlled flexibly by the force of electrostatic fields. The orientation of each mirror can be changed within a second up to 5000 times.
Abhängig von der Ausrichtung des Spiegelarrays kann Licht einer starken UV-Lampe oder eines Lasers so abgelenkt bzw. reflektiert werden, dass ein Bild (im Sinne einer Intensitätsmodulation) in der Ebene der Magnetfarbe projiziert wird und dort Pixel-selektiv aushärtet. Um das Projektionsbild zu fokussieren, zu verkleinern oder zu vergrößern, können zusätzlich Projektionslinsen oder andere optische Mittel eingesetzt werden.Depending on the orientation of the mirror array, light from a strong UV lamp or a laser can be deflected or reflected in such a way that an image (in the sense of an intensity modulation) is projected in the plane of the magnetic ink and selectively hardens in a pixel-selective manner. In order to focus, reduce or enlarge the projection image, projection lenses or other optical means can additionally be used.
Zur Umsetzung ist sowohl ein Single-Shot-Verfahren mit einem 2D-DMD, der das ganze Bild in der Ebene abbildet, als auch ein linienbasiertes Härten mit einem 1D-DMD möglich, bei dem unter kontinuierlicher Spiegeländerung das Bild linienweise "geschrieben wird", während das Substrat bzw. die OVMI-Farbe unter dem DMD hindurchläuft.For implementation, both a single-shot method with a 2D DMD, which images the entire image in the plane, as well as a line-based hardening with a 1D DMD possible, in which under continuous mirror change, the image is "written", while the substrate or OVMI paint passes under the DMD.
DMD bzw. Mikrospiegelaktoren gewährleisten Auflösungen deutlich unterhalb von 1,6mm und sind mit Durchmessern von mehreren Zentimetern größer als konventionelle, auf OVMI-Pigmenten basierende, drucktechnisch erhaltene Sicherheitsmerkmale. Es wäre somit denkbar, jedes OVMI-Pigment direkt mittels eines DMD ohne weitere optische Mittel zu belichten und dabei Linienstärken im Bereich von Mikrometern zu erreichen.DMD and micromirror actuators ensure resolutions well below 1.6 mm and, with diameters of several centimeters, are larger than conventional OVMI-based, print-based security features. It would thus be conceivable to expose any OVMI pigment directly by means of a DMD without further optical means and thereby achieve line thicknesses in the micrometer range.
Die
Die
Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel basiert auf der Verwendung eines LCoS ("Liquid Crystal on Silicon", übersetzt ins Deutsche: Flüssigkristalle auf [einem] Silizium[substrat]), insbesondere in Reflexion.Another embodiment is based on the use of an LCoS ("Liquid Crystal on Silicon", translated into German: liquid crystals on [a] silicon [substrate]), in particular in reflection.
Typische Parameter sind eine Chipgröße mit einer Diagonalen von 15,5 mm, eine Bildgröße von 1920 x 1080 Pixel, eine Reflektivität von 74 % und Kontrastverhältnis größer 5000:1.Typical parameters are a chip size with a diagonal of 15.5 mm, an image size of 1920 x 1080 pixels, a reflectivity of 74% and a contrast ratio greater than 5000: 1.
Im gleichen Verfahren lässt sich ein LCoS einsetzen. Dieser beinhaltet eine Siliziumfolie (wirkt als Reflektor), eine darauf angeordnete dünne, auf Flüssigkristallen basierende Schicht und eine dünne Glasscheibe. Im Gegensatz zu den Mikrospiegeln des DMDs werden im Falle des LCoS Flüssigkristallmoleküle durch eine elektrische Spannung angesteuert. Die Ausrichtung letzterer bestimmt, ob Licht erfolgreich den Polarisator erneut passieren kann oder nicht, d.h. ob Licht vom LCoS reflektiert oder absorbiert wird. Im Gegensatz zum DMD benötigt der LCoS polarisiertes Licht und damit eine höhere Ausgangsleistung der Lichtquelle. Auch hier ist eine 1D-Auslegung oder eine 2D-Auslegung des Chips möglich.In the same procedure, an LCoS can be used. This includes a silicon foil (acts as a reflector), a thin layer of liquid crystal based thereon, and a thin glass sheet. In contrast to the micromirrors of the DMD, in the case of the LCoS liquid crystal molecules are driven by an electrical voltage. The orientation of the latter determines whether or not light can successfully pass the polarizer again, i. whether light is reflected or absorbed by the LCoS. In contrast to the DMD, the LCoS requires polarized light and thus a higher output power of the light source. Again, a 1D design or a 2D design of the chip is possible.
Weiterhin kann ein LCoS nicht nur in Reflexion, sondern auch in Transmission eingesetzt werden.Furthermore, an LCoS can be used not only in reflection but also in transmission.
Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel basiert auf der Verwendung eines LCD bzw. einer Flüssigkristallanzeige, insbesondere in Transmission.Another embodiment is based on the use of an LCD or a liquid crystal display, in particular in transmission.
Eine LCD besitzt im Gegensatz zu LCoS zwei Polarisatoren und wird in Transmission, d.h. ohne Reflexionsschicht, betrieben. Entsprechend der Ausrichtung des Flüssigkristalls ändert dieser die Polarisation des Lichts und entscheidet hierbei, ob Licht den zweiten Polarisator passieren kann oder nicht.An LCD, in contrast to LCoS, has two polarizers and is transmitted in transmission, i. without reflection layer, operated. According to the orientation of the liquid crystal, it changes the polarization of the light and decides whether or not light can pass through the second polarizer.
LCD, LCoS und DMD sind sozusagen elektronisch "schaltbare" Masken.LCD, LCoS and DMD are electronic "switchable" masks, so to speak.
Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel basiert auf der Verwendung eines diffraktiven optischen Elements (DOE).Another embodiment is based on the use of a diffractive optical element (DOE).
Diffraktive optische Elemente sind Glasträger, auf die durch lithographische Verfahren Mikrostrukturen aufgebracht werden. In ihnen kommt es durch unterschiedliche optische Weglängen (insbesondere durch Höhenvariationen oder durch Brechungsindexvariationen) der Teilstrahlen zu Phasenmodulationen, wodurch Interferenzmuster entstehen, die durch konstruktive und destruktive Überlagerung Amplitudenmodulationen erzeugen. So lassen sich durch geschickte Auslegung die Intensitätsmuster eines Laserstrahls - nach Transmission durch das DOE - manipulieren und der Strahl kann entsprechend geformt werden. Dabei weisen DOEs hoher Güte hohe Transmissionswerte und Wirkungsgradwerte auf, d.h. sie reduzieren die Leistung der Eingangsintensität nur wenig.Diffractive optical elements are glass substrates to which microstructures are applied by lithographic techniques. Through different optical path lengths (in particular by height variations or by refractive index variations) of the sub-beams, phase modulations occur in them, resulting in interference patterns which generate amplitude modulations by constructive and destructive superimposition. Thus, by skillful design, the intensity patterns of a laser beam - after transmission through the DOE - manipulate and the beam can be shaped accordingly. In this case, high-quality DOEs have high transmission values and efficiency values, i. they only slightly reduce the power of the input intensity.
Entsprechend dem Design des DOE können zahlreiche Weisen der Aushärtung realisiert werden:
- a) Punktuelles, periodisches Beugungsmuster zur Verschachtelung eines Bereichs (a) und eines Bereichs (b) durch die
Verwendung von 2D-Gittern (sieheFigur 4 , die die Beleuchtung eines 2D-DOE mit kohärenter Strahlung zeigt, um die Farbschicht mit OVMI-Pigmenten entsprechend dem Beugungsbild auszuhärten). - b) Beugungsbilder individualisierter Form zur Aushärtung eines Bereichs (a) in entsprechender Form (siehe
, die ein DOE zur Erzeugung einer spezifischen Intensitätsmodulation zur Bildkodierung zeigt).Figur 5 - c) 1D-Gitter zur Erzeugung von Linienrastern. Das 1D-Gitter lässt sich z.B. so auslegen, dass das Beugungsbild einem Linienraster parallel zur Bahnrichtung bzw. Substratrichtung entspricht, was einen kontinuierlichen Aushärtungsprozess ermöglicht.
- a) Pointed, periodic diffraction pattern for interleaving a region (a) and a region (b) by the use of 2D gratings (please refer
FIG. 4 showing the illumination of a 2D DOE with coherent radiation to cure the color layer with OVMI pigments according to the diffraction pattern). - b) Diffraction images of individualized form for curing a region (a) in appropriate form (see
FIG. 5 showing a DOE for generating a specific intensity modulation for image coding). - c) 1D grid for generating line screens. The 1D grid can be designed, for example, so that the diffraction pattern corresponds to a line grid parallel to the web direction or substrate direction, which allows a continuous curing process.
Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel basiert auf der Verwendung eines Mikrolinsenarrays.Another embodiment is based on the use of a microlens array.
Mithilfe eines Mikrolinsenarrays kann in Kombination mit einer gerichteten UV-Flutbelichtung eine schnelle, großflächige und örtlich-selektive Aushärtung der Magnetfarbe erzielt werden. So fokussiert z.B. unter senkrechtem Einfall jede Mikrolinse das auftreffende Licht in einem Punkt unterhalb der Linsenebene. Bei periodischer Anordnung der Linsen ließe sich so eine schachbrettartige Aushärtung der Magnetfarbe realisieren. Des Weiteren können 1D-Linsenraster (z.B. Zylinderlinsen) zur Erzeugung von linienartig ausgehärteten Bereichen verwendet werden, die einen kontinuierliche Beleuchtung ermöglichen würden.With the help of a microlens array, in combination with a directed UV flood exposure, a fast, large area and locally selective curing of the magnetic ink can be achieved. So, for example, Under normal incidence, each microlens illuminates the incident light at a point below the lens plane. With periodic arrangement of the lenses, a checkerboard-like curing of the magnetic ink could thus be realized. Furthermore, 1D lenticular screens (e.g., cylindrical lenses) can be used to create line-like cured areas that would allow for continuous illumination.
Generell lassen sich variable Raster bei der Beleuchtung eines Linsenarrays erzeugen, indem die Größe und/oder die Abstände und/oder die Form und/oder die Regelmäßigkeit der einzelnen Linsen variiert wird.In general, variable grids can be produced when illuminating a lens array by varying the size and / or the spacings and / or the shape and / or the regularity of the individual lenses.
Die
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bietet gegenüber dem Stand der Technik zahlreiche Vorteile. Im Stand der Technik sind verschiedene optische Effekte bekannt, die sich mittels Magnetausrichtung von Pigmenten und anschließender Strahlungshärtung erzielen lassen. Weiterhin bekannt ist die Möglichkeit, mehrere verschiedene Effekte durch selektive Strahlungshärtung miteinander zu kombinieren. Bisher können aber nur makroskopische Flächen (nämlich mit einer Auflösung größer als 1,6 mm) für derartige Kombinationen verwendet werden. Um verschiedene Effekte gleichzeitig und am gleichen Ort sichtbar zu machen, müssen aber viele mikroskopische Flächen (insbesondere mit einer Auflösung von weniger als 200 µm) miteinander kombiniert (bzw. "verschachtelt") werden, damit keine störenden Raster sichtbar sind. Dies ist möglich, wenn eine oder mehrere der hierin beschriebenen Techniken angewandt werden. So können zum Beispiel Flip-Effekte realisiert werden, bei denen ein gewisser Effekt aus einem Betrachtungswinkelbereich auf der ganzen Grundfläche des Sicherheitsmerkmals sichtbar ist, und ein anderer Effekt aus einem anderen Betrachtungswinkelbereich auf der ganzen Grundfläche des Sicherheitsmerkmals sichtbar ist. Auch können verschiedene Bewegungseffekte nahtlos miteinander kombiniert werden.The method according to the invention offers numerous advantages over the prior art. In the prior art, various optical effects are known, which can be achieved by means of magnetic alignment of pigments and subsequent radiation curing. Also known is the possibility of combining several different effects by selective radiation curing. So far, however, only macroscopic surfaces (namely with a resolution greater than 1.6 mm) can be used for such combinations. In order to visualize different effects simultaneously and at the same location, however, many microscopic surfaces (in particular with a resolution of less than 200 μm) must be combined (or "nested") with one another, so that no disturbing rasters are visible. This is possible when using one or more of the techniques described herein. For example, flip effects can be realized where some effect is visible from one viewing angle area on the whole footprint of the security feature, and another effect is visible from another viewing angle area on the whole footprint of the security feature. Also, various motion effects can be seamlessly combined.
Der Verschachtelungsmechanismus funktioniert dabei wie folgt:The nesting mechanism works as follows:
Unterhalb des Auflösungslimits des Auges wird ein gewisser Anteil der OVMI-Fläche - in Form eines Schachbrettmusters oder Linienmusters - mit einem Effekt (a) belegt.Below the resolution limit of the eye, a certain proportion of the OVMI area - in the form of a checkerboard pattern or line pattern - is given an effect (a).
Dieser Effekt (a) ist nur unter einem Betrachtungswinkel von z.B. 45° zu sehen. Die restliche freie Bereich wird mit einem Effekt (b) belegt, der nur unter einem Winkel von z.B. -45° zu sehen ist. Mit dem menschlichen Auge ist die Rasterung bzw. Verschachtelung der beiden Effekte ineinander nicht erkennbar. Nun erscheint dem Betrachter unter 45° der Effekt (a) ganzflächig und unter -45° der Effekt (b) ganzflächig.This effect (a) is only at a viewing angle of e.g. 45 ° to see. The remaining free area is occupied with an effect (b) which is only at an angle of e.g. -45 ° can be seen. With the human eye, the rasterization or interleaving of the two effects is not recognizable. Now, for the viewer, the effect (a) appears over the entire surface at 45 ° and the effect (b) over the entire surface at below -45 °.
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