EP3455574A1 - Thermal battery with encapsulated phase-change material - Google Patents

Thermal battery with encapsulated phase-change material

Info

Publication number
EP3455574A1
EP3455574A1 EP17715243.6A EP17715243A EP3455574A1 EP 3455574 A1 EP3455574 A1 EP 3455574A1 EP 17715243 A EP17715243 A EP 17715243A EP 3455574 A1 EP3455574 A1 EP 3455574A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
thermal battery
bars
plies
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP17715243.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kamel Azzouz
Patrick Boisselle
Véronique MONNET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Publication of EP3455574A1 publication Critical patent/EP3455574A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0041—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having parts touching each other or tubes assembled in panel form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0131—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0132—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by slats, tie-rods, articulated or expandable rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0135—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by grids having only one tube per closed grid opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0004—Particular heat storage apparatus
    • F28D2020/0021—Particular heat storage apparatus the heat storage material being enclosed in loose or stacked elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2240/00—Spacing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of thermal batteries and more specifically that of thermal batteries comprising a phase change material.
  • Thermal batteries are generally used for heating the passenger compartment, in particular in electric and hybrid vehicles or for preheating a heat transfer fluid in a thermal management circuit.
  • the thermal batteries can also be used for preheating the engine oil or the automatic gearbox oil of internal combustion engine vehicles.
  • a thermal battery with a phase change material generally comprises an enclosure forming a reservoir inside which is placed the phase change material generally in encapsulated form, in particular in the form of tubes forming a bundle.
  • the performance of the thermal battery is dependent on the amount of phase change material that it can contain, ie the number of tubes present in the beam, but also the contact surface between the fluid passing through the thermal battery and said tubes. .
  • the tubes must therefore be kept at a distance from each other so that the fluid passing through the thermal battery can circulate. However, the tubes must also be quite close to each other in order to integrate the most phase change material within the thermal battery for the latter to be effective.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to at least partially overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved thermal battery.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a thermal battery comprising an enclosure comprising an inlet and a fluid outlet and comprising, within it, a bundle comprising tubes of encapsulated phase-change material, the bundle being formed by a stack of tubesheets, webs having tubes arranged parallel to each other and being connected by webs of spacers and holding, said webs having on at least one of their faces individual housing, separated from each other by a side wall, each housing being able to receive a tube.
  • the bars allow a great modularity in the design of the thermal batteries, but also allow a reduction of the production costs.
  • the use of such strips allows a good maintenance and good organization of the tubes together so as to form a beam and limiting the pressure losses of the fluid passing through.
  • the spacing between the tubes within a sheet is defined by the width of the side wall between two housings.
  • the housing has a shape complementary to the shape of the tubes and an insertion opening smaller than the diameter of the tubes so that said tubes can be clipped into the housing.
  • the successive webs of strips are staggered on planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the tubes.
  • the strips between two successive layers do not overlap and allow the fluid to flow between the tubes without there being too much pressure loss.
  • the successive webs of webs are grouped in two parallel planes and separated by a distance at least greater than the width of the webs.
  • the beam is contained in a frame.
  • the frame comprises flanges surrounding the bundle and external struts connecting said flanges.
  • the flanges comprise grooves in which are inserted bars.
  • the plies comprise internal spacers between the bars.
  • the layers are flat.
  • the beam is cylindrical and the plies are curved and concentric.
  • the bars comprise housings on two of their opposite faces, so as to maintain two superimposed layers, the spacing between said layers being defined by the thickness of the wall of said strips separating the housings located on both sides of the bars.
  • the housing on one side of the bars and the housing on the other side of said bars are arranged in staggered rows.
  • the bars comprise housings on only one of their faces.
  • the tubes of two successive layers are staggered, the tubes of the upper layer resting on the side wall of the strip of the lower layer, the spacing between the tubes of said layers being defined by the height of said side wall.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic representation in exploded perspective of a thermal battery
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation in longitudinal section of the thermal battery of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of a stack of layers
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation in perspective of a tube bundle
  • FIG. 5 shows a diagrammatic representation in exploded perspective of a bundle of tubes
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective representation of a bar portion according to a first embodiment
  • FIGS. 7a and 7b show respectively transverse and longitudinal diagrammatic representations of a superposition of webs with bars of FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation in perspective of the assembly of the bundle of tubes with a flange
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic perspective representation of a bar portion according to a second embodiment
  • FIGS. 10a and 10b show respectively transverse and longitudinal diagrammatic representations of a stack of webs with bars of FIG. 9,
  • Figure 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of a stack of webs according to an alternative embodiment.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 show a schematic representation of a thermal battery 1 having an enclosure 2 in which flows a fluid between an inlet 2a and a fluid outlet 2b.
  • the thermal battery 1 comprises within the chamber 2 a beam 3 composed of 3 'tubes of phase change material.
  • the tubes 3 'of the bundle 3 are arranged parallel to each other.
  • Beam 3 can for example be inserted into the chamber 2 through an opening 2c. Said opening 2c is closed after insertion of the beam 3 by a cover 2d.
  • the beam 3 is arranged parallel to the fluid flow flow inside the chamber 2.
  • the tubes 3 'of phase change material comprise a tubular wall, preferably made of plastic, for example polycarbonate, at the inside which is disposed a phase change material.
  • the tubular wall is sealed to the ends of the tubes 3 '.
  • the bundle 3 is formed by a stack of layers 4 of tubes 3 '.
  • These plies 4 comprise tubes 3 'placed parallel to each other and connected by spacer bars 5 and holding.
  • the bars 5 may be rectilinear as shown in Figure 3.
  • the sheets 4 are then flat and can be stacked on top of each other.
  • the length L of the webs 5 of a web 4 determines the width thereof and it is thus possible to vary the shape of the beam 3 by modulating the length L of the webs 5 and thus the width of the webs 4 between them.
  • An example of a beam 3 of generally cylindrical shape is thus illustrated in Figures 1 to 5.
  • Other forms of the beam 3, for example parallelepipedal, are however quite possible and imaginable.
  • the bars 5 are illustrated in greater detail in FIGS. 6 to 7b.
  • Said strips 5 comprise on at least one of their faces, individual housings 50, separated from each other by a side wall 51.
  • the housings 50 are intended to each receive a tube 3 'so as to form the sheet 4.
  • the spacing between the tubes 3 'within a sheet 4 is defined in particular by the width Lp of the side wall 51 between two housings 50.
  • the housings 50 may have a shape complementary to the shape of said tubes 3' and have an insertion opening 52 less than the diameter of the tubes 3 'so that said tubes 3' can be clipped into the housings 50.
  • the lateral walls 51 are then elastic and can deform and move away from each other to allow the insertion of a tube 3 'in the housing 50. Once the tube 3' inserted, the side walls 51 return to their initial position and partially enclose the tube 3 'to block it.
  • the bars 5 comprise closed housings 50 in which the tubes 3 'are threaded.
  • the bars 5 may, for example, be overmolded around the tubes 3 'so as to form the plies 4.
  • the strips 5 are preferably made of plastic and may be made of a long ribbon which will be cut to the desired length L as a function of the shape and size of the thermal battery 1.
  • the bars 5 thus allow a great modularity in the design of thermal batteries, but also allow a reduction in production costs.
  • the use of such strips 5 allows good maintenance and good organization of the tubes 3 'between them so as to form a beam 3 and limiting the pressure losses of the fluid passing through.
  • the bars 5 may comprise housing 50 on two of their opposite faces.
  • a bar 5 can thus hold the tubes 3 'of two superposed sheets 4, one on each of its faces.
  • the spacing between the plies 4 is then defined by the thickness E of the wall of said strips 5 separating said housings 50 located on either side of the bars 5.
  • the housings 50 on one side of the bars 5 and the housings 50 on the other side of said bars 5 are arranged in staggered rows.
  • staggered arrangement in the present case and in the remainder of the application, is meant a repetitive arrangement of elements, line by line, where every other line is offset from a certain portion, in particular by half of an element, with respect to the line that precedes or follows it.
  • the strips 5 of successive layers 4 are preferably arranged in staggered rows parallel to each other and perpendicular to the tubes 3 ', as shown in Figure 7b.
  • the bars 5 between two successive layers 4 do not overlap and allow the fluid, whose flow is represented by two black arrows, to flow between the tubes 3 'without there being too much pressure loss.
  • the webs 5 of successive webs 4 can be grouped in two parallel planes and separated by a distance D at least greater than the width Lb of the webs 5 so that the webs 5 are not contiguous and thus allow the flow of fluid as shown in Figure 7b.
  • Said bars 5 then form a holding unit 6.
  • the beam 3 may comprise several holding units 6. These holding assemblies 6 are also visible in FIGS. 2 and 5.
  • the bars are also visible in FIGS. 8 to 10b.
  • a bar 5 can hold the tubes 3 'only of a single sheet 4.
  • the tubes 3' of two successive sheets 4 are arranged in staggered rows as shown in Figure 10a, to facilitate the flow of fluid and also to optimize the number of tubes 3 '.
  • the tubes 3 'of the upper ply 4 can thus rest on the side wall 51 of the bar 5 of the lower ply 4.
  • the spacing between the tubes 3 'of said plies 4 is then defined by the height Hp of said side wall 51 corresponding to the distance between the base and the end of said side wall 51.
  • the bars 5 between two successive layers 4 do not overlap and allow the fluid, whose flow is represented by two black arrows, to flow between the tubes 3 'without there being too much pressure loss.
  • the bars 5 can be grouped in two parallel planes and separated by a distance D at least greater than the width Lb of the bars 5 so that the bars 5 are not contiguous and thus allow fluid circulation as shown in Figure 7b. Said bars 5 then form a holding unit 6.
  • the beam 3 may comprise several holding units 6. These holding assemblies 6 are also visible in FIGS. 2 and 5.
  • the bundle 3 comprises at least one holding assembly 6 at each of its ends and at least one intermediate holding assembly 6 between said ends. This allows a constant spacing of the plies 4 between them and therefore a constant spacing of the tubes 3 'over the entire length of the beam 3.
  • the beam 3 comprises a total of four sets 6 of maintenance.
  • the beam 3 may also comprise, within the plies 4, inner struts 41, visible in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • These internal struts 41 may more particularly be solid and rigid tubes made of plastic or metal material and which may in particular take the place of a tube 3 'in a sheet 4 and thus clipper in the housing 50 of the bars 5.
  • These internal spacers 41 stiffen the plies 4 and also to maintain the bars
  • the internal struts 41 make it possible to maintain the cohesion of the holding assemblies 6 and to maintain the spacing between them.
  • the internal struts 41 may comprise grooves 42, corresponding to a narrowing of the cross section. the internal spacer 41. These grooves 42 are inserted into the housings 50 of the bars 5. As a result, all translation movements of said bars 5 along the tubes 3 'and relative to each other are blocked.
  • the beam 3 is preferably contained in a frame 7 as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 4 and 5. This frame 7 makes it possible in particular to consolidate the shaping of the beam 3 as well as its holding. In addition, the frame 7 makes it possible to provide a certain rigidity to the beam 3.
  • the frame 7 may in particular comprise flanges 70 surrounding the beam 3 transversely and external struts 71 connecting said flanges 70.
  • the flanges 70 and the external struts 71 can be made of metal and / or plastic material.
  • the flanges 70 may also comprise grooves 701 in which the bars 5 are inserted. These grooves 701 more particularly allow a connection of said bars 5 with the frame 7 in order to keep said bars 5 in place in position. more because they can be clipped to the tubes 3 'and in addition to the possible presence of internal spacers 41. When the plies 4 are flat, it is the ends of the various bars 5 which are inserted into the grooves 701. The flanges 70 may then comprise at least two parallel grooves 701 and be positioned at the level of the holding assemblies 6.
  • the half-beams can for example be assembled and fixed together for example by means of male / female fasteners present at the flanges 70.
  • the plies 4 can be curved and stacked concentrically so as to form a cylindrical beam 3, as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the production of a bundle 3 by stacking 4 flat sheets is preferable.
  • the use of a frame 7 makes it possible in particular to maintain the curvature of said plies 4 as well as the cylindrical shape of the bundle 3.
  • the bars 5 do not include housing 50 only on one of their faces, it is the back, that is to say the portion not bearing housing 50, the bars 5 of the outer ply 4 which is inserted into the grooves 701 of the flanges 70.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a thermal battery comprising an enclosure (2) containing a bundle (3) having tubes (3') made of an encapsulated phase-change material, the bundle (3) being obtained by stacking layers of tubes (3'), said layers comprising tubes (3') in a mutually parallel arrangement and connected by spacer and retaining bars (5), which bars (5) comprise, on at least one of their surfaces, individual recesses separated from each other by a sidewall, each recess being capable of receiving a tube (3').

Description

Batterie thermique à matériau à changement de phase encapsulé  Thermal battery with encapsulated phase change material
La présente invention concerne le domaine des batteries thermiques et plus précisément celui des batteries thermiques comportant un matériau à changement de phase. The present invention relates to the field of thermal batteries and more specifically that of thermal batteries comprising a phase change material.
Les batteries thermiques sont généralement utilisées pour le chauffage de l'habitacle, notamment dans des véhicules électriques et hybrides ou alors pour le préchauffage d'un fluide caloporteur dans un circuit de gestion thermique. Les batteries thermiques peuvent également être utilisées pour le préchauffage de l'huile moteur ou de l'huile de boîte de transmission automatique de véhicules à moteur à combustion interne. Thermal batteries are generally used for heating the passenger compartment, in particular in electric and hybrid vehicles or for preheating a heat transfer fluid in a thermal management circuit. The thermal batteries can also be used for preheating the engine oil or the automatic gearbox oil of internal combustion engine vehicles.
Une batterie thermique à matériau à changement de phase comporte généralement une enceinte formant un réservoir à l'intérieur duquel est placé le matériau à changement de phase généralement sous forme encapsulée, notamment sous forme de tubes formant un faisceau. Les performances de la batterie thermique sont dépendantes de la quantité de matériau à changement de phase qu'elle peut contenir, soit le nombre de tubes présents dans le faisceau, mais également de la surface de contact entre le fluide traversant la batterie thermique et lesdits tubes. Les tubes doivent donc être maintenus à une certaine distance les uns des autres afin que le fluide traversant la batterie thermique puisse circuler. Cependant, les tubes doivent être également assez proches les uns des autres afin d'intégrer le plus de matériau à changement de phase au sein de la batterie thermique pour que cette dernière soit efficace. A thermal battery with a phase change material generally comprises an enclosure forming a reservoir inside which is placed the phase change material generally in encapsulated form, in particular in the form of tubes forming a bundle. The performance of the thermal battery is dependent on the amount of phase change material that it can contain, ie the number of tubes present in the beam, but also the contact surface between the fluid passing through the thermal battery and said tubes. . The tubes must therefore be kept at a distance from each other so that the fluid passing through the thermal battery can circulate. However, the tubes must also be quite close to each other in order to integrate the most phase change material within the thermal battery for the latter to be effective.
Il est connu par exemple de maintenir les tubes de matériau à changement de phase à une certaine distance les uns des autres au moyen d'entretoises ou alors au moyen d'un matériau poreux de type mousse, pouvant être traversé par un fluide. Cependant ces solutions sont généralement coûteuses et difficiles à mettre en place dans un processus industriel ou alors génèrent de fortes pertes de charges du fluide, ce qui entraîne une baisse de l'efficacité de la batterie thermique. It is known, for example, to keep the tubes of phase-change material at a distance from each other by means of spacers or else by means of a porous foam-type material that can be traversed by a fluid. However, these solutions are generally expensive and difficult to implement in an industrial process or then generate high pressure losses of the fluid, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the thermal battery.
Un des buts de la présente invention est donc de remédier au moins partiellement aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur et de proposer une batterie thermique améliorée. An object of the present invention is therefore to at least partially overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved thermal battery.
La présente invention concerne donc une batterie thermique comportant une enceinte comprenant une entrée et une sortie de fluide et comprenant en son sein un faisceau comportant des tubes de matériau à changement de phase encapsulé, le faisceau étant réalisé par un empilement de nappes de tubes, lesdites nappes comportant des tubes disposés parallèles entre eux et étant reliés par des barrettes d'entretoises et de maintien, lesdites barrettes comportant sur au moins une de leurs faces des logements individuels, séparés les uns des autres par une paroi latérale, chaque logement pouvant recevoir un tube. The present invention therefore relates to a thermal battery comprising an enclosure comprising an inlet and a fluid outlet and comprising, within it, a bundle comprising tubes of encapsulated phase-change material, the bundle being formed by a stack of tubesheets, webs having tubes arranged parallel to each other and being connected by webs of spacers and holding, said webs having on at least one of their faces individual housing, separated from each other by a side wall, each housing being able to receive a tube.
Les barrettes permettent une grande modularité dans la conception des batteries thermiques, mais également permettent une réduction des coûts de production. De plus l'utilisation de telles barrettes permet un bon maintien et une bonne organisation des tubes entre eux de sorte à former un faisceau et ce en limitant les pertes de charge du fluide le traversant.  The bars allow a great modularity in the design of the thermal batteries, but also allow a reduction of the production costs. In addition the use of such strips allows a good maintenance and good organization of the tubes together so as to form a beam and limiting the pressure losses of the fluid passing through.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'écartement entre les tubes au sein d'une nappe est défini par la largeur de la paroi latérale entre deux logements. According to one aspect of the invention, the spacing between the tubes within a sheet is defined by the width of the side wall between two housings.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les logements ont une forme complémentaire à la forme des tubes et une ouverture d'insertion inférieure au diamètre des tubes de sorte que lesdits tubes puissent se clipper dans les logements. According to another aspect of the invention, the housing has a shape complementary to the shape of the tubes and an insertion opening smaller than the diameter of the tubes so that said tubes can be clipped into the housing.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les barrettes de nappes successives sont disposées en quinconce sur des plans parallèles entre eux et perpendiculaires aux tubes. Ainsi, les barrettes entre deux nappes successives ne se chevauchent pas et permettent au fluide de circuler entre les tubes sans qu'il y ait une perte de charge trop importante. Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les barrettes de nappes successives sont regroupées sur deux plans parallèles et séparés d'une distance au moins supérieure à la largeur des barrettes. According to another aspect of the invention, the successive webs of strips are staggered on planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the tubes. Thus, the strips between two successive layers do not overlap and allow the fluid to flow between the tubes without there being too much pressure loss. According to another aspect of the invention, the successive webs of webs are grouped in two parallel planes and separated by a distance at least greater than the width of the webs.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le faisceau est contenu dans un cadre. According to another aspect of the invention, the beam is contained in a frame.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le cadre comporte des brides entourant le faisceau et des entretoises externes reliant lesdites brides. According to another aspect of the invention, the frame comprises flanges surrounding the bundle and external struts connecting said flanges.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les brides comportent des rainures dans lesquelles viennent s'insérer des barrettes. According to another aspect of the invention, the flanges comprise grooves in which are inserted bars.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les nappes comportent des entretoises internes entre les barrettes. Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les nappes sont planes. According to another aspect of the invention, the plies comprise internal spacers between the bars. According to another aspect of the invention, the layers are flat.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le faisceau est cylindrique et les nappes sont courbes et concentriques. Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les barrettes comportent des logements sur deux de leurs faces opposées, de sorte à maintenir deux nappes superposées, l'espacement entre lesdites nappes étant défini par l'épaisseur de la paroi desdites barrettes séparant les logements situés de part et d'autre des barrettes. Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les logements sur une face des barrettes et les logements sur l'autre face desdites barrettes sont disposés en quinconce. According to another aspect of the invention, the beam is cylindrical and the plies are curved and concentric. According to another aspect of the invention, the bars comprise housings on two of their opposite faces, so as to maintain two superimposed layers, the spacing between said layers being defined by the thickness of the wall of said strips separating the housings located on both sides of the bars. According to another aspect of the invention, the housing on one side of the bars and the housing on the other side of said bars are arranged in staggered rows.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les barrettes comportent des logements sur une seule de leurs faces. According to another aspect of the invention, the bars comprise housings on only one of their faces.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les tubes de deux nappes successives sont disposés en quinconce, les tubes de la nappe supérieure reposant sur la paroi latérale de la barrette de la nappe inférieure, l'espacement entre les tubes desdites nappes étant défini par la hauteur de ladite paroi latérale. According to another aspect of the invention, the tubes of two successive layers are staggered, the tubes of the upper layer resting on the side wall of the strip of the lower layer, the spacing between the tubes of said layers being defined by the height of said side wall.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée à titre d'exemple illustratif et non limitatif, et des dessins annexés parmi lesquels : Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description, given by way of illustrative and nonlimiting example, and the appended drawings among which:
- la figure 1 montre une représentation schématique en perspective éclatée d'une batterie thermique,  FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic representation in exploded perspective of a thermal battery,
la figure 2 montre une représentation schématique en coupe longitudinale de la batterie thermique de la figure 1,  FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation in longitudinal section of the thermal battery of FIG. 1,
la figure 3 montre une représentation schématique en coupe transversale d'un empilement de nappes,  FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of a stack of layers,
la figure 4 montre une représentation schématique en perspective d'un faisceau de tubes,  FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation in perspective of a tube bundle,
la figure 5 montre une représentation schématique en perspective éclatée d'un faisceau de tubes,  FIG. 5 shows a diagrammatic representation in exploded perspective of a bundle of tubes,
- la figure 6 montre une représentation schématique en perspective d'une portion de barrette selon un premier mode de réalisation, les figures 7a et 7b montrent des représentations schématiques respectivement transversale et longitudinale d'une superposition de nappes avec des barrettes de la figure 6, FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective representation of a bar portion according to a first embodiment, FIGS. 7a and 7b show respectively transverse and longitudinal diagrammatic representations of a superposition of webs with bars of FIG. 6,
la figure 8 montre une représentation schématique en perspective de l'assemblage du faisceau de tubes avec une bride,  FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation in perspective of the assembly of the bundle of tubes with a flange,
la figure 9 montre une représentation schématique en perspective d'une portion de barrette selon un deuxième mode de réalisation,  FIG. 9 shows a schematic perspective representation of a bar portion according to a second embodiment,
les figures 10a et 10b montrent des représentations schématiques respectivement transversale et longitudinale d'un empilement de nappes avec des barrettes de la figure 9,  FIGS. 10a and 10b show respectively transverse and longitudinal diagrammatic representations of a stack of webs with bars of FIG. 9,
la figure 11 montre une représentation schématique en coupe transversale d'un empilement de nappes selon un mode de réalisation alternatif.  Figure 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of a stack of webs according to an alternative embodiment.
Sur les différentes figures, les éléments identiques portent les mêmes numéros de référence. In the different figures, the identical elements bear the same reference numbers.
Les réalisations suivantes sont des exemples. Bien que la description se réfère à un ou plusieurs modes de réalisation, ceci ne signifie pas nécessairement que chaque référence concerne le même mode de réalisation, ou que les caractéristiques s'appliquent seulement à un seul mode de réalisation. De simples caractéristiques de différents modes de réalisation peuvent également être combinées pour fournir d'autres réalisations. The following achievements are examples. Although the description refers to one or more embodiments, this does not necessarily mean that each reference relates to the same embodiment, or that the features apply only to a single embodiment. Simple features of different embodiments may also be combined to provide other embodiments.
Les figures 1 et 2 montrent une représentation schématique d'une batterie thermique 1 comportant une enceinte 2 dans laquelle circule un fluide entre une entrée 2a et une sortie 2b de fluide. La batterie thermique 1 comporte au sein de l'enceinte 2 un faisceau 3 composé de tubes 3' de matériau à changement de phase. Les tubes 3' du faisceau 3 sont disposés parallèlement les uns par rapport aux autres. Le faisceau 3 peut par exemple être inséré dans l'enceinte 2 au travers d'une ouverture 2c. Ladite ouverture 2c est refermée après insertion du faisceau 3 par un couvercle 2d. Figures 1 and 2 show a schematic representation of a thermal battery 1 having an enclosure 2 in which flows a fluid between an inlet 2a and a fluid outlet 2b. The thermal battery 1 comprises within the chamber 2 a beam 3 composed of 3 'tubes of phase change material. The tubes 3 'of the bundle 3 are arranged parallel to each other. Beam 3 can for example be inserted into the chamber 2 through an opening 2c. Said opening 2c is closed after insertion of the beam 3 by a cover 2d.
Le faisceau 3 est disposé parallèlement au flux de circulation du fluide à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 2. Les tubes 3' de matériau à changement de phase comportent une paroi tubulaire de préférence en matière plastique, par exemple en polycarbonate, à l'intérieur de laquelle est disposé un matériau à changement de phase. La paroi tubulaire est fermée de façon étanche aux extrémités des tubes 3'. Comme le montrent plus en détail les figures 3 et 4, le faisceau 3 est réalisé par un empilement de nappes 4 de tubes 3'. Ces nappes 4 comportent des tubes 3' placés parallèlement entre eux et reliés par des barrettes 5 d'entretoise et de maintien. The beam 3 is arranged parallel to the fluid flow flow inside the chamber 2. The tubes 3 'of phase change material comprise a tubular wall, preferably made of plastic, for example polycarbonate, at the inside which is disposed a phase change material. The tubular wall is sealed to the ends of the tubes 3 '. As is shown in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, the bundle 3 is formed by a stack of layers 4 of tubes 3 '. These plies 4 comprise tubes 3 'placed parallel to each other and connected by spacer bars 5 and holding.
Les barrettes 5 peuvent être rectilignes comme illustré sur la figure 3. Les nappes 4 sont alors planes et peuvent être empilées les unes sur les autres. La longueur L des barrettes 5 d'une nappe 4 détermine la largeur de celle-ci et il est possible ainsi de faire varier la forme du faisceau 3 en modulant la longueur L des barrettes 5 et donc la largeur des nappes 4 entre elles. Un exemple d'un faisceau 3 de forme générale cylindrique est ainsi illustré aux figures 1 à 5. D'autres formes du faisceau 3, par exemple parallélépipédiques, sont cependant tout à fait possibles et imaginables. The bars 5 may be rectilinear as shown in Figure 3. The sheets 4 are then flat and can be stacked on top of each other. The length L of the webs 5 of a web 4 determines the width thereof and it is thus possible to vary the shape of the beam 3 by modulating the length L of the webs 5 and thus the width of the webs 4 between them. An example of a beam 3 of generally cylindrical shape is thus illustrated in Figures 1 to 5. Other forms of the beam 3, for example parallelepipedal, are however quite possible and imaginable.
Les barrettes 5 sont illustrées plus en détail aux figures 6 à 7b. Lesdites barrettes 5 comportent sur au moins une de leur faces, des logements 50 individuels, séparés les uns des autres par une paroi latérale 51. Les logements 50 sont destinés à recevoir chacun un tube 3' de sorte à former la nappe 4. L'écartement entre les tubes 3' au sein d'une nappe 4 est notamment défini par la largeur Lp de la paroi latérale 51 entre deux logements 50. The bars 5 are illustrated in greater detail in FIGS. 6 to 7b. Said strips 5 comprise on at least one of their faces, individual housings 50, separated from each other by a side wall 51. The housings 50 are intended to each receive a tube 3 'so as to form the sheet 4. The spacing between the tubes 3 'within a sheet 4 is defined in particular by the width Lp of the side wall 51 between two housings 50.
Pour un bon maintien des tubes 3', les logements 50 peuvent avoir une forme complémentaire de la forme desdits tubes 3' et avoir une ouverture 52 d'insertion inférieure au diamètre des tubes 3' de sorte que lesdits tubes 3' puissent se clipper dans les logements 50. Les parois latérales 51 sont alors élastiques et peuvent se déformer et s'écarter l'une de l'autre pour permettre l'insertion d'un tube 3' dans le logement 50. Une fois le tube 3' inséré, les parois latérales 51 retrouvent leur position initiale et enserrent partiellement le tube 3' pour le bloquer. For a good hold of the tubes 3 ', the housings 50 may have a shape complementary to the shape of said tubes 3' and have an insertion opening 52 less than the diameter of the tubes 3 'so that said tubes 3' can be clipped into the housings 50. The lateral walls 51 are then elastic and can deform and move away from each other to allow the insertion of a tube 3 'in the housing 50. Once the tube 3' inserted, the side walls 51 return to their initial position and partially enclose the tube 3 'to block it.
Il est également possible d'imaginer que les barrettes 5 comportent des logements 50 fermés dans lesquels les tubes 3' sont enfilés. Les barrettes 5 peuvent par exemple être surmoulées autour des tubes 3' de sorte à former les nappes 4. Les barrettes 5 sont de préférence réalisées en matière plastique et peuvent être fabriquées en un long ruban qui sera découpé à la longueur L désirée en fonction de la forme et de la taille de la batterie thermique 1. It is also possible to imagine that the bars 5 comprise closed housings 50 in which the tubes 3 'are threaded. The bars 5 may, for example, be overmolded around the tubes 3 'so as to form the plies 4. The strips 5 are preferably made of plastic and may be made of a long ribbon which will be cut to the desired length L as a function of the shape and size of the thermal battery 1.
Les barrettes 5 permettent ainsi une grande modularité dans la conception des batteries thermiques, mais également permettent une réduction des coûts de production. De plus l'utilisation de telles barrettes 5 permet un bon maintien et une bonne organisation des tubes 3' entre eux de sorte à former un faisceau 3 et ce en limitant les pertes de charge du fluide le traversant. Selon un premier mode de réalisation illustré aux figures 6 à 7b, les barrettes 5 peuvent comporter des logements 50 sur deux de leurs faces opposées. Une barrette 5 peut ainsi maintenir les tubes 3' de deux nappes 4 superposées, une sur chacune de ses faces. L'espacement entre les nappes 4 est alors défini par l'épaisseur E de la paroi desdites barrettes 5 séparant lesdits logements 50 situés de part et d'autre des barrettes 5. De préférence, pour faciliter l'écoulement du fluide et également pour optimiser le nombre de tubes 3', les logements 50 sur une face des barrettes 5 et les logements 50 sur l'autre face desdites barrettes 5 sont disposés en quinconce. The bars 5 thus allow a great modularity in the design of thermal batteries, but also allow a reduction in production costs. In addition the use of such strips 5 allows good maintenance and good organization of the tubes 3 'between them so as to form a beam 3 and limiting the pressure losses of the fluid passing through. According to a first embodiment illustrated in Figures 6 to 7b, the bars 5 may comprise housing 50 on two of their opposite faces. A bar 5 can thus hold the tubes 3 'of two superposed sheets 4, one on each of its faces. The spacing between the plies 4 is then defined by the thickness E of the wall of said strips 5 separating said housings 50 located on either side of the bars 5. Preferably, to facilitate the flow of the fluid and also to optimize the number of tubes 3 ', the housings 50 on one side of the bars 5 and the housings 50 on the other side of said bars 5 are arranged in staggered rows.
Par disposé en quinconce, on entend dans le cas présent et dans le reste de la demande, une disposition répétitive d'éléments, ligne à ligne, où une ligne sur deux est en décalage d'une certaine portion, notamment de la moitié d'un élément, par rapport à la ligne qui la précède ou qui la suit. By staggered arrangement, in the present case and in the remainder of the application, is meant a repetitive arrangement of elements, line by line, where every other line is offset from a certain portion, in particular by half of an element, with respect to the line that precedes or follows it.
Les barrettes 5 de nappes 4 successives sont de préférence disposées en quinconce sur des plans parallèles entre eux et perpendiculaires aux tubes 3', comme illustré sur la figure 7b. Ainsi, les barrettes 5 entre deux nappes 4 successives ne se chevauchent pas et permettent au fluide, dont le flux est représenté par deux flèches noires, de circuler entre les tubes 3' sans qu'il y ait une perte de charge trop importante. The strips 5 of successive layers 4 are preferably arranged in staggered rows parallel to each other and perpendicular to the tubes 3 ', as shown in Figure 7b. Thus, the bars 5 between two successive layers 4 do not overlap and allow the fluid, whose flow is represented by two black arrows, to flow between the tubes 3 'without there being too much pressure loss.
Du fait qu'une barrette 5 maintient deux nappes 4 superposées, toutes les nappes 4 sont maintenues ensemble ce qui permet de maintenir à cohésion et la forme du faisceau 3.  Because a strip 5 holds two superposed layers 4, all the layers 4 are held together, which makes it possible to maintain cohesion and the shape of the bundle 3.
De préférence, sur une section transversale du faisceau 3, les barrettes 5 de nappes 4 successives peuvent être regroupées sur deux plans parallèles et séparés d'une distance D au moins supérieure à la largeur Lb des barrettes 5 afin que les barrettes 5 ne soient pas accolées et ainsi permettre la circulation du fluide comme illustré à la figure 7b. Lesdites barrettes 5 forment alors un ensemble 6 de maintien. Sur sa longueur, le faisceau 3 peut comporter plusieurs ensembles 6 de maintien. Ces ensembles 6 de maintien sont également visibles sur les figures 2 et 5. Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation illustré aux figures 8 à 10b, les barrettes Preferably, on a cross section of the bundle 3, the webs 5 of successive webs 4 can be grouped in two parallel planes and separated by a distance D at least greater than the width Lb of the webs 5 so that the webs 5 are not contiguous and thus allow the flow of fluid as shown in Figure 7b. Said bars 5 then form a holding unit 6. Along its length, the beam 3 may comprise several holding units 6. These holding assemblies 6 are also visible in FIGS. 2 and 5. According to a second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 10b, the bars
5 peuvent ne comporter des logements 50 que sur une seule de leurs faces. A contrario du premier mode de réalisation, une barrette 5 ne peut maintenir les tubes 3' que d'une seule nappe 4. De préférence, dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, les tubes 3' de deux nappes 4 successives sont disposés en quinconce comme le montre la figure 10a, afin de faciliter l'écoulement du fluide et également pour optimiser le nombre de tubes 3'. Les tubes 3' de la nappe 4 supérieure peuvent ainsi reposer sur la paroi latérale 51 de la barrette 5 de la nappe 4 inférieure. L'espacement entre les tubes 3' desdites nappes 4 est alors défini par la hauteur Hp de ladite paroi latérale 51 correspondant à la distance entre la base et l'extrémité de ladite paroi latérale 51. Au même titre que pour le premier mode de réalisation, les barrettes 5 de nappes5 may have housing 50 on only one of their faces. In contrast to the first embodiment, a bar 5 can hold the tubes 3 'only of a single sheet 4. Preferably, in this second embodiment, the tubes 3' of two successive sheets 4 are arranged in staggered rows as shown in Figure 10a, to facilitate the flow of fluid and also to optimize the number of tubes 3 '. The tubes 3 'of the upper ply 4 can thus rest on the side wall 51 of the bar 5 of the lower ply 4. The spacing between the tubes 3 'of said plies 4 is then defined by the height Hp of said side wall 51 corresponding to the distance between the base and the end of said side wall 51. As for the first embodiment, the webs 5 of webs
4 successives sont de préférence disposées en quinconce sur des plans parallèles entre eux et perpendiculaires aux tubes 3', comme illustré sur la figure 10b. Ainsi, les barrettes 5 entre deux nappes 4 successives ne se chevauchent pas et permettent au fluide, dont le flux est représenté par deux flèches noires, de circuler entre les tubes 3' sans qu'il y ait une perte de charge trop importante. De même, sur une section transversale du faisceau 3, les barrettes 5 peuvent être regroupées sur deux plans parallèles et séparés d'une distance D au moins supérieure à la largeur Lb des barrettes 5 afin que les barrettes 5 ne soient pas accolées et ainsi permettre la circulation du fluide comme illustré à la figure 7b. Lesdites barrettes 5 forment alors un ensemble 6 de maintien. Sur sa longueur, le faisceau 3 peut comporter plusieurs ensembles 6 de maintien. Ces ensembles 6 de maintien sont également visibles sur les figures 2 et 5. 4 successive are preferably arranged in staggered rows parallel to each other and perpendicular to the tubes 3 ', as shown in Figure 10b. Thus, the bars 5 between two successive layers 4 do not overlap and allow the fluid, whose flow is represented by two black arrows, to flow between the tubes 3 'without there being too much pressure loss. Similarly, on a cross section of the beam 3, the bars 5 can be grouped in two parallel planes and separated by a distance D at least greater than the width Lb of the bars 5 so that the bars 5 are not contiguous and thus allow fluid circulation as shown in Figure 7b. Said bars 5 then form a holding unit 6. Along its length, the beam 3 may comprise several holding units 6. These holding assemblies 6 are also visible in FIGS. 2 and 5.
De préférence, le faisceau 3 comporte au moins un ensemble 6 de maintien au niveau de chacune de ses extrémités et au moins un ensemble 6 de maintien intermédiaire entre lesdites extrémités. Cela permet un écartement constant des nappes 4 entre-elles et donc un espacement constant des tubes 3' sur toute la longueur du faisceau 3. Sur l'exemple présenté aux figures 1, 2, 4 et 6, le faisceau 3 comporte un total de quatre ensembles 6 de maintien. Preferably, the bundle 3 comprises at least one holding assembly 6 at each of its ends and at least one intermediate holding assembly 6 between said ends. This allows a constant spacing of the plies 4 between them and therefore a constant spacing of the tubes 3 'over the entire length of the beam 3. In the example shown in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 6, the beam 3 comprises a total of four sets 6 of maintenance.
Le faisceau 3 peut également comporter, au sein même des nappes 4, des entretoises internes 41, visibles sur les figures 4 et 5. Ces entretoises internes 41 peuvent être plus particulièrement des tubes pleins et rigides réalisés en matière plastique ou métallique et qui peuvent notamment prendre la place d'un tube 3' dans une nappe 4 et donc se clipper dans les logements 50 des barrettes 5. Ces entretoises internes 41 permettent de rigidifier les nappes 4 et également de maintenir les barrettesThe beam 3 may also comprise, within the plies 4, inner struts 41, visible in FIGS. 4 and 5. These internal struts 41 may more particularly be solid and rigid tubes made of plastic or metal material and which may in particular take the place of a tube 3 'in a sheet 4 and thus clipper in the housing 50 of the bars 5. These internal spacers 41 stiffen the plies 4 and also to maintain the bars
5 à une certaine distance les unes des autres. De même, ces entretoises internes 41 permettent de maintenir la cohésion des ensembles 6 de maintien et de maintenir l'espacement entre eux. Au niveau des barrettes 5, les entretoises internes 41 peuvent comporter des rainures 42, correspondant à un rétrécissement de la section de l'entretoise interne 41. Ces rainures 42 sont insérées dans les logements 50 des barrettes 5. De ce fait, tous mouvements de translation desdites barrettes 5 le long des tubes 3' et les unes par rapport aux autres sont bloqués. Le faisceau 3 est de préférence contenu dans un cadre 7 comme le montrent les figures 1, 2 4 et 5. Ce cadre 7 permet notamment de consolider la mise en forme du faisceau 3 ainsi que sa tenue. De plus, le cadre 7 permet d'assurer une certaine rigidité au faisceau 3. Le cadre 7 peut notamment comporter des brides 70 entourant transversalement le faisceau 3 et des entretoises externes 71 reliant lesdites brides 70. Les brides 70 ainsi que les entretoises externes 71 peuvent être réalisées en matière métallique et/ou plastique. 5 at a certain distance from each other. Likewise, these internal struts 41 make it possible to maintain the cohesion of the holding assemblies 6 and to maintain the spacing between them. At the level of the bars 5, the internal struts 41 may comprise grooves 42, corresponding to a narrowing of the cross section. the internal spacer 41. These grooves 42 are inserted into the housings 50 of the bars 5. As a result, all translation movements of said bars 5 along the tubes 3 'and relative to each other are blocked. The beam 3 is preferably contained in a frame 7 as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 4 and 5. This frame 7 makes it possible in particular to consolidate the shaping of the beam 3 as well as its holding. In addition, the frame 7 makes it possible to provide a certain rigidity to the beam 3. The frame 7 may in particular comprise flanges 70 surrounding the beam 3 transversely and external struts 71 connecting said flanges 70. The flanges 70 and the external struts 71 can be made of metal and / or plastic material.
Comme le montre la figure 8, les brides 70 peuvent également comporter des rainures 701 dans lesquelles viennent s'insérer les barrettes 5. Ces rainures 701 permettent plus particulièrement une liaison desdites barrettes 5 avec le cadre 7 afin de maintenir lesdites barrettes 5 en place en plus du fait qu'elles puissent être clippées aux tubes 3' et en plus de l'éventuelle présence d'entretoises internes 41. Lorsque les nappes 4 sont planes, ce sont les extrémités des différentes barrettes 5 qui viennent s'insérer dans les rainures 701. Les brides 70 peuvent alors comporter au moins deux rainures 701 parallèles et être positionnées au niveau des ensembles 6 de maintien.  As shown in FIG. 8, the flanges 70 may also comprise grooves 701 in which the bars 5 are inserted. These grooves 701 more particularly allow a connection of said bars 5 with the frame 7 in order to keep said bars 5 in place in position. more because they can be clipped to the tubes 3 'and in addition to the possible presence of internal spacers 41. When the plies 4 are flat, it is the ends of the various bars 5 which are inserted into the grooves 701. The flanges 70 may then comprise at least two parallel grooves 701 and be positioned at the level of the holding assemblies 6.
Afin de faciliter le montage et la production de faisceaux 3, ces derniers peuvent être assemblés en deux demi-faisceaux qui sont accolés entre eux. Les demi-faisceaux peuvent par exemple être assemblés et fixés entre eux par exemple au moyen de dispositifs de fixation mâle/femelle présents au niveau des brides 70. In order to facilitate assembly and production of beams 3, they can be assembled into two half-beams which are placed side by side. The half-beams can for example be assembled and fixed together for example by means of male / female fasteners present at the flanges 70.
Au lieu d'être planes, les nappes 4 peuvent être courbes et empilées de façon concentrique de sorte à former un faisceau 3 cylindrique, comme illustré sur la figure 11. Toutefois, afin de limiter les contraintes sur les barrettes 5, en particulier du fait du rayon de courbure, la réalisation d'un faisceau 3 par empilement de nappes 4 planes est préférable. Lorsque les nappes 4 sont courbes et concentriques, l'utilisation d'un cadre 7 permet notamment de maintenir la courbure desdites nappes 4 ainsi que la forme cylindrique du faisceau 3. Dans ce cas de figure, et notamment lorsque les barrettes 5 ne comportent des logements 50 que sur une seule de leurs faces, c'est le dos, c'est-à-dire la partie ne portant pas de logement 50, des barrettes 5 de la nappe 4 extérieure qui vient s'insérer dans les rainures 701 des brides 70. Instead of being flat, the plies 4 can be curved and stacked concentrically so as to form a cylindrical beam 3, as shown in FIG. 11. However, in order to limit the stresses on the bars 5, in particular because of of the radius of curvature, the production of a bundle 3 by stacking 4 flat sheets is preferable. When the plies 4 are curved and concentric, the use of a frame 7 makes it possible in particular to maintain the curvature of said plies 4 as well as the cylindrical shape of the bundle 3. In this case, and particularly when the bars 5 do not include housing 50 only on one of their faces, it is the back, that is to say the portion not bearing housing 50, the bars 5 of the outer ply 4 which is inserted into the grooves 701 of the flanges 70.
Ainsi, on voit bien que du fait de l'utilisation de barrettes 5 pour former des entretoises entre les tubes 3' et les organiser en nappes 4, il est plus aisé de monter les faisceaux 3 dans le but de fabriquer des batteries thermiques 1. Thus, it is clear that because of the use of strips 5 to form spacers between the tubes 3 'and organize them in layers 4, it is easier to mount the beams 3 in order to manufacture thermal batteries 1.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Batterie thermique (1) comportant une enceinte (2) comprenant une entrée (2a) et une sortie (2b) de fluide et comprenant en son sein un faisceau (3) comportant des tubes (3') de matériau à changement de phase encapsulé, caractérisée en ce que le faisceau (3) est réalisé par un empilement de nappes (4) de tubes (3'), lesdites nappes (4) comportant des tubes (3') disposés parallèles entre eux et étant reliés par des barrettes (5) d'entretoises et de maintien, lesdites barrettes (5) comportant sur au moins une de leurs faces des logements (50) individuels, séparés les uns des autres par une paroi latérale (51), chaque logement (50) pouvant recevoir un tube (3'). 1. Thermal battery (1) comprising an enclosure (2) comprising an inlet (2a) and an outlet (2b) of fluid and comprising within it a beam (3) comprising tubes (3 ') of phase change material. encapsulated, characterized in that the beam (3) is formed by a stack of layers (4) of tubes (3 '), said plies (4) comprising tubes (3') arranged parallel to one another and being connected by strips (5) spacers and maintenance, said bars (5) having on at least one of their faces individual housing (50), separated from each other by a side wall (51), each housing (50) can receive a tube (3 ').
2. Batterie thermique (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que l'écartement entre les tubes (3') au sein d'une nappe (4) est défini par la largeur (Lp) de la paroi latérale (51) entre deux logements (50). 2. Thermal battery (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the spacing between the tubes (3 ') within a sheet (4) is defined by the width (Lp) of the side wall (51) between two dwellings (50).
3. Batterie thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les logements (50) ont une forme complémentaire à la forme des tubes (3') et une ouverture (52) d'insertion inférieure au diamètre des tubes (3') de sorte que lesdits tubes (3') puissent se clipper dans les logements (50). 3. Thermal battery (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (50) have a shape complementary to the shape of the tubes (3 ') and an opening (52) of insertion less than the diameter of the tubes (3 ') so that said tubes (3') can be clipped into the housings (50).
4. Batterie thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les barrettes (5) de nappes (4) successives sont disposées en quinconce sur des plans parallèles entre eux et perpendiculaires aux tubes (3'). 4. Thermal battery (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the strips (5) of successive layers (4) are arranged in staggered rows parallel to each other and perpendicular to the tubes (3 ').
5. Batterie thermique (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que les barrettes (5) de nappes (4) successives sont regroupées sur deux plans parallèles et séparés d'une distance (D) au moins supérieure à la largeur (Lb) des barrettes (5). 5. Thermal battery (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the strips (5) of successive layers (4) are grouped in two parallel planes and separated by a distance (D) at least greater than the width (Lb ) bars (5).
6. Batterie thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le faisceau (3) est contenu dans un cadre (7). 6. Thermal battery (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam (3) is contained in a frame (7).
Batterie thermique (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que le cadre (7) comporte des brides (70) entourant le faisceau (3) et des entretoises externes (71) reliant lesdites brides (70). Thermal battery (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the frame (7) comprises flanges (70) surrounding the beam (3) and external spacers (71) connecting said flanges (70).
Batterie thermique (1) selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les brides (70) comportent des rainures (701) dans lesquelles viennent s'insérer des barrettes (5). Thermal battery (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the flanges (70) comprise grooves (701) in which are inserted bars (5).
9. Batterie thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les nappes (4) comportent des entretoises internes (41) entre les barrettes (5). 9. Thermal battery (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the webs (4) comprise internal spacers (41) between the webs (5).
10. Batterie thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les nappes (4) sont planes. 10. Thermal battery (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plies (4) are flat.
11. Batterie thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le faisceau (3) est cylindrique et que les nappes (4) sont courbes et concentriques. 11. Thermal battery (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the beam (3) is cylindrical and that the plies (4) are curved and concentric.
12. Batterie thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les barrettes (5) comportent des logements (50) sur deux de leurs faces opposées, de sorte à maintenir deux nappes (4) superposées, l'espacement entre lesdites nappes (4) étant défini par l'épaisseur (E) de la paroi desdites barrettes (5) séparant les logements (50) situés de part et d'autre des barrettes (5). 12. Thermal battery (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bars (5) comprise recesses (50) on two of their opposite faces, so as to maintain two sheets (4) superimposed, the spacing between said plies (4) being defined by the thickness (E) of the wall of said webs (5) separating the housings (50) located on either side of the webs (5).
13. Batterie thermique (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que les logements (50) sur une face des barrettes (5) et les logements (50) sur l'autre face desdites barrettes (5) sont disposés en quinconce. 13. Thermal battery (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the housing (50) on one side of the bars (5) and the housing (50) on the other side of said bars (5) are arranged in staggered rows.
14. Batterie thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que les barrettes (5) comportent des logements (50) sur une seule de leurs faces. 14. Thermal battery (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the bars (5) comprise housing (50) on one of their faces.
15. Batterie thermique (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que les tubes (3') de deux nappes (4) successives sont disposés en quinconce, les tubes (3') de la nappe (4) supérieure reposant sur la paroi latérale (51) de la barrette (5) de la nappe (4) inférieure, l'espacement entre les tubes (3') desdites nappes (4) étant défini par la hauteur de ladite paroi latérale (51). 15. Thermal battery (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the tubes (3 ') of two successive plies (4) are arranged in staggered rows, the tubes (3') of the upper ply (4) resting on the side wall (51) of the bar (5) of the lower ply (4), the spacing between the tubes (3 ') of said plies (4) being defined by the height of said side wall (51).
EP17715243.6A 2016-03-18 2017-03-17 Thermal battery with encapsulated phase-change material Pending EP3455574A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1652311A FR3049117B1 (en) 2016-03-18 2016-03-18 THERMAL BATTERY HAVING AN ENCAPSULATED PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL
PCT/FR2017/050628 WO2017158309A1 (en) 2016-03-18 2017-03-17 Thermal battery with encapsulated phase-change material

Publications (1)

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EP3455574A1 true EP3455574A1 (en) 2019-03-20

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EP17715243.6A Pending EP3455574A1 (en) 2016-03-18 2017-03-17 Thermal battery with encapsulated phase-change material

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US (1) US20200348086A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3455574A1 (en)
KR (1) KR102189076B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3049117B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017158309A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3647707A1 (en) * 2018-11-01 2020-05-06 Perkins Engines Company Ltd Thermal energy and storage device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4616390A (en) * 1984-10-18 1986-10-14 Maccracken Calvin D Superdensity assembly method and system for plastic heat exchanger resists large buoyancy forces and provides fast melt down in phase change thermal storage
US6889751B1 (en) * 2000-10-04 2005-05-10 Modine Manufacturing Company Latent heat storage device
US7225860B2 (en) * 2005-08-03 2007-06-05 Honeywell International, Inc. Compact heat battery
WO2015024518A1 (en) * 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 上海工电能源科技有限公司 Cylindrical gradient heat accumulator and manufacturing method thereof

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KR102189076B1 (en) 2020-12-09
FR3049117B1 (en) 2018-04-27
FR3049117A1 (en) 2017-09-22
US20200348086A1 (en) 2020-11-05
KR20180122447A (en) 2018-11-12
WO2017158309A1 (en) 2017-09-21

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