EP3412840B1 - Water closet - Google Patents
Water closet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3412840B1 EP3412840B1 EP17020461.4A EP17020461A EP3412840B1 EP 3412840 B1 EP3412840 B1 EP 3412840B1 EP 17020461 A EP17020461 A EP 17020461A EP 3412840 B1 EP3412840 B1 EP 3412840B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flow path
- bowl
- azimuthal
- azimuthal angle
- flushing water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 89
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001217 buttock Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002308 calcification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
- E03D11/02—Water-closet bowls ; Bowls with a double odour seal optionally with provisions for a good siphonic action; siphons as part of the bowl
- E03D11/08—Bowls with means producing a flushing water swirl
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water closet, hereinafter referred to as toilet for short.
- Toilets with a toilet bowl, a flushing water supply for it and a waste water drain usually connected via a siphon are common and well known.
- additional functions such as shower facilities, odor extractors and the like have become the subject of further technical development.
- Toilets have a toilet body which in particular comprises a hollow shape that is open at the top, namely the toilet bowl, and is normally, although not necessarily, made of ceramic. Further technical devices can be provided in the ceramic part of the toilet body or in add-on parts or behind or under covers on the ceramic body.
- a conventional toilet body has a so-called flushing rim above or on the upper inner edge of the toilet bowl, namely a circumferential flushing water channel with downwardly pointing inlet openings for the flow of flushing water into the toilet bowl; it works like a ring-shaped shower when it comes to feeding the rinse water into the bowl.
- toilets with a rotating flushing water flow in the toilet bowl are known which, due to a largely tangential entry of the flushing water into the bowl, ensure a vortex-like flow therein before the flushing water exits through the siphon and the waste water drain.
- EP patent 2 604 761 B1 referred to the same owner, which concerns an asymmetrical and thereby a rotating movement of the flushing water generating or supporting toilet bowl inner shape. This results in good washing results with comparatively small amounts of washing water reached. In addition, it has been found that this toilet bowl works particularly quietly.
- the WO 2004/022862 A1 describes a toilet with an inlet opening for flushing water, which is followed by an upper flow path that runs around the bowl opening. There are two other deeper flow paths.
- the EP 1 847 656 A1 shows two flushing water inlet openings and flow paths adjoining them, the upper one of which also runs around the bowl opening.
- the EP 3 085 842 A1 forms the generic term and shows an inlet opening and an adjoining and completely circumferential flow path. In addition, a deeper flow path with a downward shape is provided. The upper one should distribute the rinsing water over the entire inside of the bowl and the lower one should direct the rinsing water downwards.
- the present invention is based on the object of specifying a further improved toilet bowl. This object is achieved by claim 1, which is explained in more detail below, as well as various preferred embodiments. Preferred embodiments of the device according to the invention and its use are specified in the dependent claims. The features contained therein and also the disclosure of the following description are to be understood fundamentally with regard to both categories of the invention, without always explicitly distinguishing between them.
- the shape of the bowl opening is typically similar to the approximate shape of the inside of the bowl, at least in its upper area. Therefore, it makes sense to define the longest internal dimension through the shape of the bowl opening as the longitudinal axis and a perpendicular to it as the transverse axis. In the case of typical toilet bowls, this means that the user in a typical sitting position on the toilet looks in the direction of the longitudinal axis and his shoulders run in the direction of the transverse axis. In the case of wall mounting, the longitudinal axis is typically perpendicular to the wall and the transverse axis runs parallel to it.
- overhanging shapes form undercuts which are disadvantageous in terms of production technology.
- a smaller overhang or even the avoidance of undercuts, however, are advantageous in terms of production technology.
- this in turn results in an increased risk of the described spilling over.
- a flow path in the sense of this representation is understood as a path-like surface running in the inner wall of the toilet bowl and extending outwards, that is to say in the transition to the further wall leading upwards, delimited by a concave edge and inwardly, i.e. to the wall leading further downwards and in the direction of the outlet, delimited by a convex edge.
- An edge is determined by a particularly strong curvature in a vertical section, in other words, mathematically speaking, by an extreme value of the curvature.
- Such a flow path is used to guide or at least to support a certain water flow.
- the water circles and is held against the inside wall of the bowl by centrifugal forces, but at the same time it is pulled downwards by gravity (more or less obliquely) so that variations in the shape of the inside wall of the bowl result in corresponding flow-guiding Have properties produced.
- the tangential direction of entry of the flushing water is specified by the design of the flushing water inlet, that is to say by the inlet opening and the pipe section for the flushing water that adjoins it upstream.
- Such a tangential configuration of the flushing water inlet is in itself already implemented in different forms in the prior art and usually serves the purpose of a rotating flushing water flow in the toilet bowl.
- a second or an extension of the known flow path is provided in addition to one of the EP 2 604 761 B1 known (first) flow path.
- This second or lengthened flow path is intended to prevent at least part of the flushing water from being directed too much downwardly and thus reduce or prevent the above-described “rocking”. If part of the flow through the second flow path is "held” at a certain height, there or downstream therefrom a less pronounced sagging of the total flow or also a meeting of the flow part running on and above the second or elongated flow path with a flow part running further down.
- the rotating movement of the flow in the bowl and the position of certain properties of the inside shape of the bowl should be described with an azimuthal angle that appears from a certain position in the bowl (in plan view) to the intersection of the axes, namely as an angle to the longitudinal axis.
- the point of the bowl opening closest to the wall lies on the longitudinal axis and thus at 0 ° or 180 ° azimuthal angle. Proceeding from this, there is then a lateral area in the area around 90 ° or 270 °.
- the flushing water should be directed through the inlet opening onto a (with respect to a top view) concave curvature region of the inner wall of the toilet bowl, for which purpose the inlet opening is between 80 ° and 180 ° azimuthal angle.
- the inlet opening is preferably at smaller azimuthal angles than 170 °, 160 °, 150 ° or even 140 ° and likewise preferably at least 90 °.
- the flushing water flows out in the direction of larger azimuthal angles.
- the inlet opening preferably lies in a quadrant upstream of a particularly concave curvature of the bowl opening and aims at this particularly concave point.
- the mentioned and usually particularly strongly concave curved area of the toilet bowl can be at approximately 180 °, that is, at the end point of the longitudinal axis.
- the value can also be at a slightly different azimuthal angle instead of 180 °, in particular in a range between 150 ° and 210 °, preferably 160 ° and 200 ° or 170 ° and 190 °. He does not have to fill in these angular ranges.
- Such a sinking flow part could then hit the first flow path or the first flow path part provided according to the invention, which runs at least between 90 ° and 270 ° based on the azimuthal angle and preferably adjoins the inlet opening at the bottom in order to be able to guide the water exiting therefrom .
- Preferred lower limits for the above angular range are 80 °, 70 °, 60 °, 50 °, 40 °, 30 °, 20 ° and preferred upper limits are 280 °, 290 °, 300 °, 310 °, 320 °, 330 ° and 340 °.
- a second flow path or a second flow path part is provided according to the invention, again between an outer concave and an inner convex edge and higher than the part of the first flow path corresponding to the azimuthal angle or the next adjacent part first flow path part.
- the second flow path or the second part should be provided at least between an azimuthal angle of 310 ° and 340 °.
- Preferred lower limits are 300 °, 290 °, 280 °, 270 °, 260 °, the second flow path preferably not starting at angles below 200 °.
- a preferred upper limit is 345 °, the second flow path preferably not being extended over 400 ° (that is to say over 360 ° 40 °) if it does not merge into the first flow path anyway.
- the EP 2 604 761 B1 known flow path either be lengthened, where a continuous (simultaneously first and second) flow path remains, or a second flow path is added.
- the difference is ultimately whether or not there is an interruption between the two flow paths or parts, in particular one at a 0 ° azimuthal angle, which will be discussed in more detail below.
- the term second flow path is used, this being understood as the second flow path part of the same uniform flow path for the case without interruption.
- first flow path which is a first part of the flow path without the mentioned interruption and as such (without the second part) already from the EP 2 604 761 B1 is known.
- the second flow path should therefore in particular not be completely circumferential, but only cover a limited area, namely where experience has shown that there is a particularly great risk of the water flow running along the inner wall of the bowl sinking. This applies in particular to the "fourth quadrant" (counting from 0 ° onwards with an increasing azimuthal angle).
- the second flow path at least partially supports the flushing water flow and thus prevents the already described mechanism of “reflection” from appearing too strongly on the first flow path.
- EP 3 085 842 A1 two flow paths, of which an upper one, starting from the inlet opening, circulates completely and in a closed manner, while a second separate one is lower and leads downwards.
- the previous line of argument does not depend on whether the definition of the azimuthal angle begins with the value 0 at the front or the back, whereby these terms refer to the usual sitting position of a toilet user, "back" i.e. the part of the inside of the bowl close to the bottom (on referred to the horizontal).
- the previous argument does not depend on whether the direction of rotation of the flush water flow in the toilet bowl is left or right is whether the azimuthal angle increases clockwise or counterclockwise in plan view. The more frequent and preferred case is a clockwise direction of rotation when viewed from above.
- the case is preferred that the azimuthal angle is calculated from the rear.
- the flushing water flow is out of the inlet opening onto the Concave curvature of the inside of the toilet bowl is directed towards the front (and it would be directed towards the rear if the zero point of the azimuthal angle was defined in front). Both are possible, but the variant mentioned is preferred, especially in connection with a siphon drain located more at the rear.
- the second flow path according to the invention so to speak a second or elongated shoulder in the bowl inner shape, prevented a partial sloshing of wash water out of the bowl, even with little or no undercut of the bowl inner shape at its upper edge.
- the flushing water inlet opening absolutely requires an undercut and, in this context, an "undercut-free" bowl inner shape naturally has an undercut at the inlet opening. Rather, it is about the area just below the upper edge of the inside of the bowl, i.e. where the flushing rim is located on classic toilet bowls.
- the invention basically strives for a form that is as simple as possible, easy to clean (and therefore smooth) and advantageous in terms of production technology. As already explained, an undercut-free interior bowl shape in the sense described is therefore preferred.
- a restriction to the two or to the one described flow path is preferred, that is, the waiver of further ones.
- the flow paths do not result in undercuts, at least preferably not, they complicate the shape a little and a clever design of the flushing water flow is not made easier by what the inventors consider to be an unnecessarily large number of different flow paths.
- the first flow path in particular can have a considerable extent in relation to the azimuthal angle, but this does not change the fact that it is a coherent, uniform flow path.
- the flow paths described with the present invention are intended to guide essential parts of the flushing water flow. This applies even more clearly to the first flow path than to the second, because in the second only a part, namely generally only a part flowing somewhat higher along the inner wall of the bowl, is covered by the second flow path.
- the two flow paths are in any case relatively pronounced in terms of their width, the width being understood as the dimension along the inner wall of the toilet bowl and perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the flow path, i.e. normally in relation to the local surface orientation downwards.
- Preferred minimum widths at the widest point are 12 cm for the first and 0.8 cm for the second flow path, with the following values 13 cm, 14 cm, 15 cm for the first and 0.9 cm for the second flow path, 1 cm, 1.1 cm in that order are increasingly preferred.
- the second flow path has less the task of guiding or supporting a rotating downward flow, but rather of preventing part of the water flow from sinking too much.
- it can preferably run approximately horizontally (in relation to its longitudinal direction).
- the flow path preferably slopes slightly with the direction of flow, that is to say with the azimuthal angle.
- the first flow path in turn essentially corresponds to the explanations in that already cited EP patent 2 604 761 B1 the same owner and accordingly runs downhill with increasing azimuthal angle on the one hand and rotating along the inside of the bowl on the other hand in order to support a downwardly directed and rotating flushing water flow.
- an asymmetrical inner bowl shape which, due to a lower position of the first flow path on one side than on the other side, similar to a helical shape, specifies or generates a downward movement through the inner bowl shape. Accordingly, the very good surface cleaning properties of a rotating flow in the bowl are combined with a comparatively more pronounced swing when entering the siphon. This means that the kinetic energy of the flushing water can be used twice, for example as a result of the height of the gradient compared to a cistern.
- the shape of the inside of the bowl follows the gravitational downward tendency of the water flow and avoids some of the turbulence that is caused by the water flowing down regardless of the inside shape of the bowl.
- the predominant tangential velocity component of the flushing water which is known per se and exiting the inlet opening into the bowl, relates, so to speak, to a projection of a mean flushing water path onto a horizontal plane.
- the rinse water does not exit the inlet opening in the direction of the water level in the siphon but rather transversely, whereby the exact angle in a general sense is not important and this can depend on the individual geometry of the inlet opening and the subsequent first flow path.
- the speed of the flushing water emerging from the inlet opening does not have to be exactly horizontal, but it is preferably essentially horizontal.
- the toilet according to the invention can be used with different methods of flushing water generation in terms of supplying it with a specific flushing water pressure realize, especially on a pressurized water line, i.e. without a cistern.
- a cistern is preferred because the invention allows the limited potential energy of the flushing water to be used particularly efficiently. This applies in particular to a concealed cistern in a mounting wall behind the toilet.
- the amounts of rinsing water can be kept relatively small, which has economic and ecological advantages.
- the maximum amount of rinse water is preferably below 6 I, preferably below 5.5 I and particularly preferably below 5 I.
- the flushing water flow according to the invention allows good wetting and flushing action of the surfaces of the interior bowl shape that are affected by soiling, specifically, as explained, by a rotating and thereby falling flow. Accordingly, a conventional flushing rim, which was initially compared with a shower, can be dispensed with. This makes the toilet bowl easier to manufacture, but also to clean, because classic flushing rims are particularly prone to soiling and calcification, and the underside is very difficult to reach.
- the invention offers the possibility of a smooth transition from the actual interior surfaces of the bowl to the upper edge of the bowl, that is to say the surface areas of the toilet bowl pointing upwards, in particular under a toilet seat ring.
- the (preferably single) inlet opening following the rinse water supply can be relatively high in one embodiment of the invention, in particular higher than 5 cm and, in the following sequence, increasingly preferably higher than 5.5 cm, 6 cm, 6.5 cm .
- a high inlet opening a large cross-section that is favorable to the flow can be achieved without impairing the inside shape of the bowl too much by the inlet opening, both in terms of the flow guidance and in terms of its aesthetic appearance.
- the flow cross-section of the flushing water supply is preferably relatively large.
- it can be over at least 8 cm 2 , preferably over 9 cm, along the extent of the flushing water supply inside the toilet, i.e. between including the inlet opening and the transition to pipe parts outside the actual toilet, i.e. in particular within an installation wall behind it 2 and particularly preferably over 10 cm 2 or even 11 cm 2 .
- the kinetic energy of the flushing water can be used particularly well as a result of a gradient or a line pressure.
- the second flow path maintains a certain distance from the inlet opening, specifically preferably at least 60 ° azimuthal angle, more preferably 80 °, 100 °, 120 °, 130 °. This relates to the case in which the first and second flow paths are not connected uniformly and to azimuthal angles increasing in the direction of the flow path.
- the two flow paths each form a local reduction in the otherwise prevailing inclination of the inside shape of the bowl. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, they should therefore not be present at the rear in the bowl interior shape, at least preferably with a definition of the azimuthal angle of zero at this point, that is, a flushing water flow from the inlet opening to the front. It has been found that an inner wall at the rear that runs as smoothly and steeply as possible in the middle is preferable with regard to the tendency to soiling and that this aspect justifies a limitation of the flow paths in such a way that they do not sweep over this rear center from the point of view of the inventors. Reference is made to the exemplary embodiment for illustration. In this case, the first and the second flow path are therefore separated from one another.
- the second flow path should run below a relatively steep part of the bowl interior shape. Accordingly is an angle of inclination of at least 70 ° or even 75 ° to the horizontal in this part above the second flow path is preferred, namely between 310 ° and 340 ° azimuthal angle and preferably along the entire longitudinal extent of the second flow path.
- This statement is also preferably valid for part of the length of the second flow path or for its entire length then also for the entire part of the interior bowl shape above it, up to an upper edge or rounding that forms the transition to the top of the toilet body.
- the statements on the steep wall in part of the height apply to the entire inside shape of the bowl.
- the steep walls support a good cleaning effect and a sufficient downward trend of the water flow.
- the water flow should accordingly flow into the siphon with a clear downward tendency in order to be able to rinse it out well.
- the second flow path or the second flow path part is preferably relatively high in the repeatedly mentioned angular range between 310 ° and 340 °, in particular above the first flow path (the first flow path part), insofar as this is also preferably above 270 ° azimuthal angle towards larger azimuthal angles and into the range at and above 310 ° azimuthal angles. Then the two flow paths (parts) are spaced from one another and arranged one above the other.
- the second flow path (the second flow path part) is preferably at least 3 cm higher than the first flow path (the first flow path part), with 3.5 cm, 4.0 cm, 4.5 cm, 5.0 cm being increasingly preferred as the lower limit .
- the second flow path or the second flow path part in the azimuthal angle range mentioned between 310 ° and 340 ° is preferably higher than the lower edge of the inlet opening for the rinsing water, that is to say again relatively high.
- This lower edge is preferably at least approximately at the same level as the first flow path at this point, ie the inlet opening injects the water onto the first flow path.
- the invention is preferably implemented with a toilet bowl which in any case has only a single inlet opening for flushing water in the upper area, that is to say above the first flow path.
- a toilet bowl which in any case has only a single inlet opening for flushing water in the upper area, that is to say above the first flow path.
- FIGS Figures 1 to 6 show the invention using two toilet bowls
- the first embodiment in FIGS Figures 1 to 3 is designed for the installation of a shower device of a shower toilet and the corresponding recesses and openings in the second embodiment Figures 4 to 6 are omitted. These differences are not of particular importance for the invention, but they illustrate that the invention can also be combined very favorably with a shower toilet.
- the Figures 1 and 2 show, in perspective oblique views, the toilet bowl 1 of the first exemplary embodiment with a conventional bowl opening 2, a rear-side (that is to say in FIG Figure 1 top right on the top and in Figure 2 breakthrough 3 for the installation of a shower facility (not shown) and with a lowering 4 of the upper edge of the toilet bowl at the rear part of the bowl rim around the bowl opening 2 for the passage of a shower arm (not shown) of the shower facility.
- the inner shape of the toilet bowl 1 visible through the bowl opening 2 is of interest below.
- the inlet opening 6 for the rinse water is not directed to the rear (slightly offset to the right) and to the left, as stated in the prior art, but begins laterally at about 100 ° azimuthal angle and is directed forward, i.e. towards larger azimuthal angles.
- the rinsing water is accordingly applied to the first flow path, but not when it starts (at 10 °).
- this second flow path 7 is also defined as the inner wall area between an (upper and outer) concave edge and a (lower and inner) convex edge.
- the second flow path 7 runs between approximately 250 ° and approximately 350 ° in terms of the azimuthal angle. It is also designed to be slightly sloping, with an approximate inclination (based on a center line, not shown, between the convex and concave edge) of about 5 ° in the horizontal viewing direction.
- the first flow path 5 has at z. B. 180 ° an inclination of only about 11 ° relative to the horizontal with a maximum width of 16 cm.
- the mentioned width refers to the distance between the mentioned edges (most convex and most concave line), namely as the straight distance between them along the steepest direction, i.e. the shortest distance.
- the inside walls of the bowl above and below the second flow path 7, on the other hand, are quite steep with an inclination to the horizontal of approximately 80 °, in particular also at an azimuthal angle of 0 °. How in particular Figure 3 and Figure 4 show, the bowl walls, starting from this, become even steeper towards the front and the inclination is about 89 ° at an azimuthal angle of 180 °. So it just avoids an undercut.
- the inside of the bowl thus has no undercut, in particular not on the upper edge (and of course with the exception of the inlet opening 6).
- the two flow paths 5 and 7 have a distance of about 6 cm in this embodiment, which is measured as the path width, namely between the convex edge of the upper flow path 7 and the concave edge of the lower flow path 5 and directly in the inclination of the following direction.
- the second flow path 7 is therefore significantly increased compared to the first flow path 5.
- Figure 4 shows on the one hand a side view of the rear area of the bowl interior shape and on the other hand a section through the bowl.
- the section plane runs through the sealing water level in the lowest area of the toilet bowl, which is shown with 8.
- the surfaces with a straight sectional profile in vertical section such as. B. the steep bowl inner wall above the flow paths 5 and 7, separates curved surfaces.
- the two flow paths 5 and 7 actually have a central strip which is straight in this sense and which are each followed by curved strips at the top and bottom.
- Figure 6 shows the second embodiment from FIG Figures 4 and 5 with the azimuthal angle graduation and some values.
- 0 ° corresponds to the rear center of the bowl interior shape and 180 ° to the front center.
- the azimuthal angle range defined in the claims for the flushing water inlet opening between 80 ° and 180 ° can be seen.
- the minimum range for the flow path can also be seen between 90 ° and 270 °.
- the limits of the minimum range (between 310 ° and 340 °) for the second part of the or the second flow path, according to the claim, are slightly offset clockwise from the drawn line at 300 ° and offset in the same sense next to the line at 330 ° should not extend beyond the angular range between 230 ° and 90 °.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Wasserklosett, im Folgenden kurz WC genannt.The present invention relates to a water closet, hereinafter referred to as toilet for short.
WCs mit einer WC-Schüssel, einer Spülwasserzufuhr dafür sowie einem in der Regel über einen Sifon angeschlossenen Abwasserablauf sind allgemein verbreitet und bekannt. In jüngster Zeit sind hier vor allem Zusatzfunktionen wie Duscheinrichtungen, Geruchsabsaugungen und Ähnliches Gegenstand technischer Weiterentwicklung geworden.Toilets with a toilet bowl, a flushing water supply for it and a waste water drain usually connected via a siphon are common and well known. In recent times, especially additional functions such as shower facilities, odor extractors and the like have become the subject of further technical development.
WCs weisen einen Klosettkörper auf, der insbesondere eine nach oben offene Hohlform, nämlich die WC-Schüssel, umfasst und normalerweise, wenngleich nicht zwingend, aus Keramik gefertigt ist. In dem Keramikteil des Klosettkörpers oder auch in Anbauteilen oder hinter bzw. unter Abdeckungen am Keramikkörper können weitere technische Einrichtungen vorgesehen sein.Toilets have a toilet body which in particular comprises a hollow shape that is open at the top, namely the toilet bowl, and is normally, although not necessarily, made of ceramic. Further technical devices can be provided in the ceramic part of the toilet body or in add-on parts or behind or under covers on the ceramic body.
Ein konventioneller Klosettkörper weist über bzw. am oberen Innenrand der WC-Schüssel einen sogenannten Spülrand auf, nämlich einen umlaufenden Spülwasserkanal mit nach unten weisenden Eintrittsöffnungen für die Einströmung des Spülwassers in die WC-Schüssel; er funktioniert also ähnlich einer ringförmigen Dusche, was das Zuführen des Spülwassers in die Schüssel betrifft. Außerdem sind WCs mit einer rotierenden Spülwasserströmung in der WC-Schüssel bekannt, die durch einen weitgehend tangentialen Eintritt des Spülwassers in die Schüssel für eine wirbelartige Strömung darin vor dem Austritt des Spülwassers durch den Sifon und den Abwasserablauf sorgen.A conventional toilet body has a so-called flushing rim above or on the upper inner edge of the toilet bowl, namely a circumferential flushing water channel with downwardly pointing inlet openings for the flow of flushing water into the toilet bowl; it works like a ring-shaped shower when it comes to feeding the rinse water into the bowl. In addition, toilets with a rotating flushing water flow in the toilet bowl are known which, due to a largely tangential entry of the flushing water into the bowl, ensure a vortex-like flow therein before the flushing water exits through the siphon and the waste water drain.
Zum Stand der Technik wird auf das
Die
Die
Die
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine weiter verbesserte WC-Schüssel anzugeben. Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch Anspruch 1, der im Folgenden genauso wie verschiedene bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen näher erläutert wird. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und ihrer Verwendung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Die darin enthaltenen Merkmale und auch die Offenbarung der folgenden Beschreibung sind grundsätzlich im Hinblick auf beide Erfindungskategorien zu verstehen, ohne dass hierzwischen immer im Einzelnen explizit unterschieden wird.The present invention is based on the object of specifying a further improved toilet bowl. This object is achieved by
Um die Innenform der WC-Schüssel und die Spülwasserströmung verständlich beschreiben zu können, wird von einem in Draufsicht auf die Schüsselöffnung definierten Achsenkreuz ausgegangen. Dabei wird von einer kreisrunden oder ovalen (im Sinn von länglich verzerrt rundlichen) Schüsselöffnungsform ausgegangen.In order to be able to describe the inner shape of the toilet bowl and the flushing water flow in an understandable manner, a cross axis defined in plan view of the bowl opening is assumed. A circular or oval (in the sense of elongated, distorted rounded) bowl opening shape is assumed.
Die Schüsselöffnungsform ähnelt typischerweise der ungefähren Schüsselinnenform zumindest in deren oberen Bereich deutlich. Deswegen ist es sinnvoll, als Längsachse das längste Innenmaß durch die Schüsselöffnungsform festzulegen und als Querachse eine Mittelsenkrechte dazu. Bei typischen WC-Schüsseln bedeutet das, dass der Benutzer in einer typischen Sitzposition auf dem WC in Richtung der Längsachse blickt und seine Schultern in Richtung der Querachse verlaufen. Bei Wandmontage steht dann die Längsachse typischerweise senkrecht zur Wand und die Querachse verläuft parallel dazu.The shape of the bowl opening is typically similar to the approximate shape of the inside of the bowl, at least in its upper area. Therefore, it makes sense to define the longest internal dimension through the shape of the bowl opening as the longitudinal axis and a perpendicular to it as the transverse axis. In the case of typical toilet bowls, this means that the user in a typical sitting position on the toilet looks in the direction of the longitudinal axis and his shoulders run in the direction of the transverse axis. In the case of wall mounting, the longitudinal axis is typically perpendicular to the wall and the transverse axis runs parallel to it.
In Verbindung mit zahlreichen Experimenten und Untersuchungen der Erfinder haben sich zwei wichtige Kerngedanken herauskristallisiert. Erstens ist die in
Zweitens bilden solche überhängenden Formen Hinterschnitte, die produktionstechnisch von Nachteil sind. Ein geringeres Überhängen oder gar die Vermeidung von Hinterschnitten sind produktionstechnisch hingegen von Vorteil. Daraus ergibt sich aber wiederum eine erhöhte Gefahr des geschilderten Überschwappens.Second, such overhanging shapes form undercuts which are disadvantageous in terms of production technology. A smaller overhang or even the avoidance of undercuts, however, are advantageous in terms of production technology. However, this in turn results in an increased risk of the described spilling over.
Es hat sich ferner herausgestellt, dass die ungefähr tangential zur Schüsselinnenform hereingeführte Spülwasserströmung infolge ihrer kinetischen Energie für eine begrenzte Strecke stromabwärts von der Eintrittsöffnung relativ gut an einer steilen Wand der Schüsselinnenform geführt werden kann, insbesondere an einer relativ ausgeprägt konkaven Stelle wie an den durch die Längsachse verbundenen Enden einer ovalen Schüsselform. Dann aber neigt sie zunehmend dazu, unter dem Einfluss der Schwerkraft abzufallen. Wenn ein solcher abfallender Teil der Strömung dann auf die in dem zitierten Patent beschriebene weniger geneigte Strömungsbahn trifft, kann es zu einer sich quasi aufschaukelnden Strömungsform kommen. Anders ausgedrückt wird ein solcher abfallender Strömungsteil quasi wieder nach oben reflektiert. Gerade in solchen Situationen besteht ein besonderes Risiko eines Herausspritzens, vor allem wenn die obere Kante der Schüsselinnenform nicht deutlich hinterschnitten ausgebildet ist.It has also been found that the flow of rinsing water introduced approximately tangentially to the inside of the bowl can, due to its kinetic energy, be guided relatively well for a limited distance downstream from the inlet opening on a steep wall of the inside of the bowl, in particular at a relatively pronounced concave point such as the one through the Long axis connected ends of an oval bowl shape. But then it increasingly tends to fall under the influence of gravity. If such a sloping part of the flow then meets the less inclined flow path described in the cited patent, a quasi-swaying flow shape can occur. In other words, such a sloping flow part is quasi reflected upwards again. It is precisely in such situations that there is a particular risk of splashing out, especially if the upper edge of the inner bowl shape is not clearly undercut.
Es sei in diesem Zusammenhang kurz angemerkt, dass sich eine Strömungsbahn im Sinn dieser Darstellung versteht als eine in der Innenwand der WC-Schüssel verlaufende bahnartige Fläche, die sich nach außen, also im Übergang zu der weiter nach oben führenden Wand, durch eine konkave Kante abgrenzt und nach innen, also zu der weiter nach unten und in Richtung Ausfluss führenden Wand, durch eine konvexe Kante abgrenzt. Eine Kante ist dabei durch eine besonders starke Krümmung in einem vertikalen Schnitt bestimmt, mathematisch gesprochen also durch einen Extremwert der Krümmung. Die zitierte
Eine solche Strömungsbahn dient zur Führung oder zumindest zur Unterstützung einer bestimmten Wasserströmung. Das Wasser kreist infolge des im Wesentlichen tangentialen Eintritts in das Schüsselinnere und wird dabei durch die Fliehkräfte an der Schüsselinnenwand gehalten, gleichzeitig aber durch die Schwerkraft nach (mehr oder weniger schräg) unten gezogen, so dass sich durch Variationen in der Form der Schüsselinnenwand entsprechende strömungsführende Eigenschaften herstellen lassen.Such a flow path is used to guide or at least to support a certain water flow. As a result of the essentially tangential entry into the inside of the bowl, the water circles and is held against the inside wall of the bowl by centrifugal forces, but at the same time it is pulled downwards by gravity (more or less obliquely) so that variations in the shape of the inside wall of the bowl result in corresponding flow-guiding Have properties produced.
Die tangentiale Eintrittsrichtung des Spülwassers wird durch die Gestaltung des Spülwassereintritts vorgegeben, also durch die Eintrittsöffnung und das sich daran stromaufwärts anschließende Rohrleitungsstück für das Spülwasser. Eine solche tangentiale Ausgestaltung des Spülwassereintritts ist an sich schon in unterschiedlicher Form im Stand der Technik realisiert und dient gewöhnlich dem Ziel einer rotierenden Spülwasserströmung in der WC-Schüssel.The tangential direction of entry of the flushing water is specified by the design of the flushing water inlet, that is to say by the inlet opening and the pipe section for the flushing water that adjoins it upstream. Such a tangential configuration of the flushing water inlet is in itself already implemented in different forms in the prior art and usually serves the purpose of a rotating flushing water flow in the toilet bowl.
Erfindungsgemäß ist zusätzlich zu einer aus der
Von der obigen Längs- und Querachsendefinition ausgehend sollen die rotierende Bewegung der Strömung in der Schüssel und die Position bestimmter Eigenschaften der Schüsselinnenform mit einem Azimutalwinkel beschrieben werden, der von einer bestimmten Position in der Schüssel (in Draufsicht) zum Kreuzungspunkt der Achsen in Erscheinung tritt, nämlich als Winkel zur Längsachse. Zum Beispiel liegt also der wandnächste Punkt der Schüsselöffnung auf der Längsachse und damit bei 0° oder 180° Azimutalwinkel. Davon ausgehend liegt dann ein seitlicher Bereich in der Gegend um 90° oder 270°.On the basis of the above definition of the longitudinal and transverse axes, the rotating movement of the flow in the bowl and the position of certain properties of the inside shape of the bowl should be described with an azimuthal angle that appears from a certain position in the bowl (in plan view) to the intersection of the axes, namely as an angle to the longitudinal axis. For example, the point of the bowl opening closest to the wall lies on the longitudinal axis and thus at 0 ° or 180 ° azimuthal angle. Proceeding from this, there is then a lateral area in the area around 90 ° or 270 °.
Erfindungsgemäß soll das Spülwasser durch die Eintrittsöffnung auf einen (bezüglich einer Draufsicht) konkaven Krümmungsbereich der Innenwand der WC-Schüssel gerichtet werden, wozu die Eintrittsöffnung zwischen 80° und 180° Azimutalwinkel liegt. Vorzugsweise liegt die Eintrittsöffnung bei kleineren Azimutalwinkeln als 170°, 160°, 150° oder sogar 140° und ebenfalls vorzugsweise bei mindestens 90°. Dabei strömt das Spülwasser in Richtung größerer Azimutalwinkel aus. In anderen Worten liegt die Eintrittsöffnung vorzugsweise in einem Quadranten stromaufwärts von einer besonders konkaven Krümmung der Schüsselöffnung und zielt auf diese besonders konkave Stelle. Hintergrund ist, dass bei einer besonders starken konkaven Krümmung die in Verbindung mit einer gewissen Restschräge der Schüsselinnenform (bezüglich eines Vertikalschnitts) stabilisierend wirkenden Fliehkräfte die Spülwasserströmung zunächst einmal relativ stabil durch diese Krümmung hindurchführen, wobei vorausgesetzt wird, dass sich der wesentliche Teil der Schüsselinnenform von unten nach oben etwas erweitert und eine dementsprechende Schräge vorliegt. Ausnahmen gibt es, wie oben erwähnt, typischerweise oben am Schüsselrand in Form von Hinterschnitten.According to the invention, the flushing water should be directed through the inlet opening onto a (with respect to a top view) concave curvature region of the inner wall of the toilet bowl, for which purpose the inlet opening is between 80 ° and 180 ° azimuthal angle. The inlet opening is preferably at smaller azimuthal angles than 170 °, 160 °, 150 ° or even 140 ° and likewise preferably at least 90 °. The flushing water flows out in the direction of larger azimuthal angles. In other words, the inlet opening preferably lies in a quadrant upstream of a particularly concave curvature of the bowl opening and aims at this particularly concave point. The background is that in the case of a particularly strong concave curvature, the centrifugal forces, which have a stabilizing effect in connection with a certain residual slope of the inside of the bowl (with respect to a vertical section), initially guide the flushing water flow relatively stable through this curve, whereby it is assumed that the essential part of the inside of the bowl is from Expanded a little upwards and there is a corresponding slant. There are exceptions, as mentioned above, typically at the top of the bowl rim in the form of undercuts.
Der erwähnte und im Regelfall besonders stark konkav gekrümmte Bereich der WC-Schüssel kann dabei bei ungefähr 180° liegen, also am Endpunkt der Längsachse. In Einzelfällen, z. B. Schüsselformen mit zwei stärker gekrümmten konkaven Bereichen seitlich von dieser Stelle (z. B. bei einer eckigen Grundform mit abgerundeten Ecken) kann der Wert statt bei 180° auch bei einem etwas anderen Azimutalwinkel liegen, insbesondere in einem Bereich zwischen 150° und 210°, vorzugsweise 160° und 200° oder 170° und 190°. Er muss diese Winkelbereiche dabei nicht ausfüllen.The mentioned and usually particularly strongly concave curved area of the toilet bowl can be at approximately 180 °, that is, at the end point of the longitudinal axis. In individual cases, e.g. B. Bowl shapes with two more curved concaves Areas to the side of this point (e.g. in the case of an angular basic shape with rounded corners), the value can also be at a slightly different azimuthal angle instead of 180 °, in particular in a range between 150 ° and 210 °, preferably 160 ° and 200 ° or 170 ° and 190 °. He does not have to fill in these angular ranges.
Wenn nun das Spülwasser in einen weniger gekrümmten Bereich der Schüsselöffnung gelangt, besteht zunehmend die Gefahr eines unerwünscht starken Absinkens oder eines Absinkens eines unerwünscht großen Teils.If the rinsing water now reaches a less curved area of the bowl opening, there is an increasing risk of an undesirably strong sinking or a sinking of an undesirably large part.
Ein solcher absinkender Strömungsteil könnte dann die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene erste Strömungsbahn bzw. den ersten Strömungsbahnteil treffen, die/der bezogen auf den Azimutalwinkel mindestens zwischen 90° und 270° verläuft und dabei vorzugsweise unten an die Eintrittsöffnung anschließt, um das daraus austretende Wasser führen zu können. Bevorzugte Untergrenzen für den obigen Winkelbereich sind 80°, 70°, 60°, 50°, 40°, 30°, 20° und bevorzugte Obergrenzen sind 280°, 290°, 300°, 310°, 320°, 330° und 340°.Such a sinking flow part could then hit the first flow path or the first flow path part provided according to the invention, which runs at least between 90 ° and 270 ° based on the azimuthal angle and preferably adjoins the inlet opening at the bottom in order to be able to guide the water exiting therefrom . Preferred lower limits for the above angular range are 80 °, 70 °, 60 °, 50 °, 40 °, 30 °, 20 ° and preferred upper limits are 280 °, 290 °, 300 °, 310 °, 320 °, 330 ° and 340 °.
Um das Absinken eines Teils der Strömung zu mindern, ist erfindungsgemäß eine zweite Strömungsbahn bzw. ein zweiter Strömungsbahnteil vorgesehen, und zwar erneut zwischen einer äußeren konkaven und einer inneren konvexen Kante und dabei höher als der dem Azimutalwinkel entsprechende oder nächstbenachbarte Teil der ersten Strömungsbahn / des ersten Strömungsbahnteils. Die zweite Strömungsbahn bzw. der zweite Teil soll dabei mindestens zwischen einem Azimutalwinkel von 310° und 340° vorgesehen sein. Bevorzugte Untergrenzen sind dabei 300°, 290°, 280°, 270°, 260°, wobei die zweite Strömungsbahn vorzugsweise nicht bei Winkeln unter 200° beginnt. Eine bevorzugte Obergrenze ist 345°, wobei die zweite Strömungsbahn vorzugsweise nicht über 400° (also über 360° hinweg 40°) ausgedehnt ist, wenn sie nicht ohnehin in die erste Strömungsbahn übergeht.In order to reduce the sinking of part of the flow, a second flow path or a second flow path part is provided according to the invention, again between an outer concave and an inner convex edge and higher than the part of the first flow path corresponding to the azimuthal angle or the next adjacent part first flow path part. The second flow path or the second part should be provided at least between an azimuthal angle of 310 ° and 340 °. Preferred lower limits are 300 °, 290 °, 280 °, 270 °, 260 °, the second flow path preferably not starting at angles below 200 °. A preferred upper limit is 345 °, the second flow path preferably not being extended over 400 ° (that is to say over 360 ° 40 °) if it does not merge into the first flow path anyway.
Wie schon weiter oben angedeutet, kann die aus der
Die zweite Strömungsbahn soll also insbesondere nicht vollständig umlaufend sein, sondern nur einen begrenzten Bereich abdecken, nämlich dort, wo erfahrungsgemäß eine besonders große Gefahr des Absinkens der entlang der Schüsselinnenwand laufenden Wasserströmung besteht. Dies gilt insbesondere für den "vierten Quadranten" (von 0° an mit aufsteigendem Azimutalwinkel gezählt). Wie das Ausführungsbeispiel veranschaulicht, stützt die zweite Strömungsbahn die Spülwasserströmung zumindest teilweise und verhindert damit ein zu starkes in Erscheinung treten des bereits beschriebenen Mechanismus der "Reflexion" an der ersten Strömungsbahn.The second flow path should therefore in particular not be completely circumferential, but only cover a limited area, namely where experience has shown that there is a particularly great risk of the water flow running along the inner wall of the bowl sinking. This applies in particular to the "fourth quadrant" (counting from 0 ° onwards with an increasing azimuthal angle). As the exemplary embodiment illustrates, the second flow path at least partially supports the flushing water flow and thus prevents the already described mechanism of “reflection” from appearing too strongly on the first flow path.
Im Unterschied dazu zeigt die bereits erwähnte
Die bisherige Argumentation ist nicht davon abhängig, ob man die Definition des Azimutalwinkels mit dem Wert 0 vorn oder hinten beginnen lässt, wobei diese Begriffe sich auf die übliche sitzende Position eines WC-Benutzers beziehen, "hinten" also den gesäßnahen Teil der Schüsselinnenform (auf die Horizontale bezogen) bezeichnet. Außerdem ist die bisherige Argumentation nicht davon abhängig, ob der Drehsinn der Spülwasserströmung in der WC-Schüssel links- oder rechtsdrehend ist, ob also der Azimutalwinkel in Draufsicht mit oder gegen den Uhrzeigersinn ansteigt. Der häufigere und bevorzugte Fall ist ein von oben betrachtet rechtsdrehender Rotationssinn, also im Uhrzeigersinn. Ferner ist der Fall bevorzugt, dass der Azimutalwinkel von hinten an gerechnet wird. In diesem bevorzugten Fall ist also die Spülwasserströmung aus der Eintrittsöffnung heraus auf die konkave Krümmung der WC-Schüsselinnenform vorne gerichtet (und sie wäre nach hinten gerichtet, wenn man den Nullpunkt des Azimutalwinkels vorn definiert). Beides ist möglich, aber insbesondere in Verbindung mit einem eher hinten liegenden Sifonablauf ist die genannte Variante bevorzugt.The previous line of argument does not depend on whether the definition of the azimuthal angle begins with the value 0 at the front or the back, whereby these terms refer to the usual sitting position of a toilet user, "back" i.e. the part of the inside of the bowl close to the bottom (on referred to the horizontal). In addition, the previous argument does not depend on whether the direction of rotation of the flush water flow in the toilet bowl is left or right is whether the azimuthal angle increases clockwise or counterclockwise in plan view. The more frequent and preferred case is a clockwise direction of rotation when viewed from above. Furthermore, the case is preferred that the azimuthal angle is calculated from the rear. In this preferred case, the flushing water flow is out of the inlet opening onto the Concave curvature of the inside of the toilet bowl is directed towards the front (and it would be directed towards the rear if the zero point of the azimuthal angle was defined in front). Both are possible, but the variant mentioned is preferred, especially in connection with a siphon drain located more at the rear.
Insbesondere konnte durch die erfindungsgemäße zweite Strömungsbahn, also gewissermaßen eine zweite oder verlängerte Schulter in der Schüsselinnenform, ein teilweises Herausschwappen von Spülwasser aus der Schüssel vermieden werden, und zwar selbst bei geringem oder verschwindendem Hinterschnitt der Schüsselinnenform an ihrer Oberkante. Hier ist anzumerken, dass die Spülwassereintrittsöffnung zwingend einen Hinterschnitt erfordert und in diesem Zusammenhang eine "hinterschnittfreie" Schüsselinnenform natürlich an der Eintrittsöffnung trotzdem einen Hinterschnitt hat. Es geht hier vielmehr um den Bereich knapp unter der Oberkante der Schüsselinnenform, also dort, wo bei klassischen WC-Schüsseln der Spülrand angeordnet ist.In particular, the second flow path according to the invention, so to speak a second or elongated shoulder in the bowl inner shape, prevented a partial sloshing of wash water out of the bowl, even with little or no undercut of the bowl inner shape at its upper edge. It should be noted here that the flushing water inlet opening absolutely requires an undercut and, in this context, an "undercut-free" bowl inner shape naturally has an undercut at the inlet opening. Rather, it is about the area just below the upper edge of the inside of the bowl, i.e. where the flushing rim is located on classic toilet bowls.
Die Erfindung strebt grundsätzlich eine möglichst einfache, reinigungsfreundliche (und daher glatte) und produktionstechnisch günstige Form an. Wie schon erläutert, ist daher eine im beschriebenen Sinn hinterschnittfreie Schüsselinnenform bevorzugt.The invention basically strives for a form that is as simple as possible, easy to clean (and therefore smooth) and advantageous in terms of production technology. As already explained, an undercut-free interior bowl shape in the sense described is therefore preferred.
Im gleichen Sinn ist eine Beschränkung auf die beiden bzw. die eine beschriebene Strömungsbahn bevorzugt, also der Verzicht auf weitere. Zwar ergeben sich durch die Strömungsbahnen keine Hinterschnitte, jedenfalls vorzugsweise nicht, jedoch verkomplizieren sie die Form ein wenig und wird eine geschickte Auslegung der Spülwasserströmung durch eine aus Sicht der Erfinder unnötig große Zahl verschiedener Strömungsbahnen nicht einfacher. Natürlich kann insbesondere die erste Strömungsbahn eine beträchtliche Erstreckung in Bezug auf den Azimutalwinkel haben, was aber nichts daran ändert, dass es sich um eine zusammenhängende einheitliche Strömungsbahn handelt.In the same sense, a restriction to the two or to the one described flow path is preferred, that is, the waiver of further ones. Although the flow paths do not result in undercuts, at least preferably not, they complicate the shape a little and a clever design of the flushing water flow is not made easier by what the inventors consider to be an unnecessarily large number of different flow paths. Of course, the first flow path in particular can have a considerable extent in relation to the azimuthal angle, but this does not change the fact that it is a coherent, uniform flow path.
Die mit der vorliegenden Erfindung beschriebenen Strömungsbahnen sollen wesentliche Teile der Spülwasserströmung führen. Das gilt für die erste Strömungsbahn noch deutlicher als für die zweite, weil bei der zweiten nur ein Teil, nämlich im Allgemeinen nur ein etwas höher an der Schüsselinnenwand entlang strömender Teil, von der zweiten Strömungsbahn erfasst wird. Im Unterschied zu manchen im Stand der Technik zu findenden Strukturen sind jedenfalls die beiden Strömungsbahnen relativ ausgeprägt hinsichtlich ihrer Breite, wobei die Breite sich als die Dimension entlang der Innenwand der WC-Schüssel und senkrecht zur Längserstreckung der Strömungsbahn versteht, also normalerweise in Bezug auf die lokale Flächenorientierung abwärts gerichtet. Bevorzugte Mindestbreiten an der breitesten Stelle liegen bei 12 cm für die erste und bei 0,8 cm für die zweite Strömungsbahn, wobei für die erste folgende Werte 13 cm, 14 cm, 15 cm und für die zweite Strömungsbahn folgende Werte 0,9 cm, 1 cm, 1,1 cm in dieser Reihenfolge zunehmend bevorzugt sind.The flow paths described with the present invention are intended to guide essential parts of the flushing water flow. This applies even more clearly to the first flow path than to the second, because in the second only a part, namely generally only a part flowing somewhat higher along the inner wall of the bowl, is covered by the second flow path. In contrast to some of the structures found in the prior art, the two flow paths are in any case relatively pronounced in terms of their width, the width being understood as the dimension along the inner wall of the toilet bowl and perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the flow path, i.e. normally in relation to the local surface orientation downwards. Preferred minimum widths at the widest point are 12 cm for the first and 0.8 cm for the second flow path, with the following values 13 cm, 14 cm, 15 cm for the first and 0.9 cm for the second flow path, 1 cm, 1.1 cm in that order are increasingly preferred.
Die zweite Strömungsbahn hat, wie erläutert, weniger die Aufgabe, eine rotierende Abwärtsströmung zu führen oder zu unterstützen, sondern einen Teil der Wasserströmung an einem zu starken Absinken zu hindern. Sie kann insoweit bevorzugt ungefähr horizontal verlaufen (in Bezug auf ihre Längsrichtung). Konkret kann dabei auf eine mittlere Linie zwischen den erwähnten konvexen und konkaven Kanten Bezug genommen werden (jeweils auf die Extremwerte der Krümmung bezogen), und diese Mittellinie sollte entlang der Strömungsbahn vorzugsweise einen Winkel von nicht mehr als 15° zur Horizontalen aufweisen, vorzugsweise höchstens 13°, 11°, 9°, 7°. Vorzugsweise fällt die Strömungsbahn mit der Strömungsrichtung, also dem Azimutalwinkel, leicht ab.As explained, the second flow path has less the task of guiding or supporting a rotating downward flow, but rather of preventing part of the water flow from sinking too much. In this respect, it can preferably run approximately horizontally (in relation to its longitudinal direction). Specifically, reference can be made to a middle line between the aforementioned convex and concave edges (each related to the extreme values of the curvature), and this middle line should preferably have an angle of no more than 15 ° to the horizontal along the flow path, preferably no more than 13 °, 11 °, 9 °, 7 °. The flow path preferably slopes slightly with the direction of flow, that is to say with the azimuthal angle.
Die erste Strömungsbahn wiederum entspricht im Wesentlichen den Erläuterungen in dem bereits zitierten
Dementsprechend ist diesbezüglich eine asymmetrische Schüsselinnenform vorgesehen, die durch eine tiefere Lage der ersten Strömungsbahn auf einer Seite als auf der anderen Seite ähnlich einer Schraubenlinienform eine Abwärtsbewegung durch die Schüsselinnenform vorgibt bzw. erzeugt. Dementsprechend werden die sehr guten Oberflächenreinigungseigenschaften einer rotierenden Strömung in der Schüssel kombiniert mit einem vergleichsweise ausgeprägteren Schwung beim Eintritt in den Sifon. Dadurch kann die kinetische Energie des Spülwassers, zum Beispiel in Folge der Gefällehöhe gegenüber einem Spülkasten, doppelt ausgenutzt werden. Außerdem folgt die Gestaltung der Schüsselinnenform damit der schwerkraftbedingten Abwärtstendenz der Wasserströmung und vermeidet einen Teil von Verwirbelungen, die durch ein Herabfließen des Wassers unabhängig von der Schüsselinnenform bedingt sind. Solche Verwirbelungen reduzieren die kinetische Energie des Spülwassers. Aus ähnlichen Gründen ist zum Beispiel eine an sich vorbekannte rotierende Spülwasserbewegung in der Schüssel für die Oberflächenreinigung darin wesentlich effektiver als die konventionelle Lösung mit einem klassischen Spülrand, der einen großen Teil der kinetischen Energie des aus der Spülwasserzufuhr einlaufenden Spülwassers abbaut.Correspondingly, in this regard, an asymmetrical inner bowl shape is provided which, due to a lower position of the first flow path on one side than on the other side, similar to a helical shape, specifies or generates a downward movement through the inner bowl shape. Accordingly, the very good surface cleaning properties of a rotating flow in the bowl are combined with a comparatively more pronounced swing when entering the siphon. This means that the kinetic energy of the flushing water can be used twice, for example as a result of the height of the gradient compared to a cistern. In addition, the shape of the inside of the bowl follows the gravitational downward tendency of the water flow and avoids some of the turbulence that is caused by the water flowing down regardless of the inside shape of the bowl. Such turbulence reduces the kinetic energy of the rinse water. For similar reasons, for example, a previously known rotating rinse water movement in the bowl for surface cleaning therein is much more effective than the conventional solution with a classic rinse rim, which reduces a large part of the kinetic energy of the rinse water flowing in from the rinse water supply.
Die an sich vorbekannte überwiegende Tangentialgeschwindigkeitskomponente des Spülwassers, das aus der Eintrittsöffnung in die Schüssel austritt, bezieht sich sozusagen auf eine Projektion einer mittleren Spülwasserbahn auf eine horizontale Ebene. Das Spülwasser tritt also nicht in Richtung zu dem Wasserspiegel im Sifon aus der Eintrittsöffnung aus sondern eher quer dazu, wobei es auf den genauen Winkel in einem allgemeinen Sinn nicht ankommt und dieser von der individuellen Geometrie der Eintrittsöffnung und der anschließenden ersten Strömungsbahn abhängen kann. Insbesondere muss die Geschwindigkeit des aus der Eintrittsöffnung austretenden Spülwassers keineswegs genau horizontal sein, sie ist aber vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen horizontal.The predominant tangential velocity component of the flushing water, which is known per se and exiting the inlet opening into the bowl, relates, so to speak, to a projection of a mean flushing water path onto a horizontal plane. The rinse water does not exit the inlet opening in the direction of the water level in the siphon but rather transversely, whereby the exact angle in a general sense is not important and this can depend on the individual geometry of the inlet opening and the subsequent first flow path. In particular, the speed of the flushing water emerging from the inlet opening does not have to be exactly horizontal, but it is preferably essentially horizontal.
Das erfindungsgemäße WC lässt sich mit unterschiedlichen Methoden der Spülwassererzeugung im Sinne der Versorgung mit einem bestimmten Spülwasserdruck realisieren, insbesondere an einer Druckwasserleitung, also ohne Spülkasten. Bevorzugt ist jedoch die Kombination mit einem Spülkasten, weil durch die Erfindung die begrenzte potenzielle Energie des Spülwassers daraus besonders effizient eingesetzt werden kann. Dies gilt insbesondere für einen Unterputzspülkasten in einer Montagewand hinter dem WC.The toilet according to the invention can be used with different methods of flushing water generation in terms of supplying it with a specific flushing water pressure realize, especially on a pressurized water line, i.e. without a cistern. However, the combination with a cistern is preferred because the invention allows the limited potential energy of the flushing water to be used particularly efficiently. This applies in particular to a concealed cistern in a mounting wall behind the toilet.
Insbesondere können die Spülwassermengen dank der Erfindung relativ klein gehalten werden, was ökonomische und ökologische Vorteile hat. Vorzugsweise liegt die maximale Spülwassermenge bei unter 6 I, vorzugsweise unter 5,5 I und besonders bevorzugter Weise unter 5 I.In particular, thanks to the invention, the amounts of rinsing water can be kept relatively small, which has economic and ecological advantages. The maximum amount of rinse water is preferably below 6 I, preferably below 5.5 I and particularly preferably below 5 I.
Die erfindungsgemäße Spülwasserströmung erlaubt eine gute Benetzung und Spülwirkung der verschmutzungsbetroffenen Flächen der Schüsselinnenform, und zwar wie erläutert durch eine rotierende und dabei abfallende Strömung. Dementsprechend kann auf einen konventionellen Spülrand, der eingangs mit einer Dusche verglichen wurde, verzichtet werden. Dies gestaltet die WC-Schüssel einfacher in der Herstellung, aber auch in der Reinigung, weil klassische Spülränder besonders verschmutzungs- und verkalkungsanfällig sind und darüber hinaus die Unterseite sehr schlecht zu erreichen ist. In anderen Worten bietet die Erfindung die Möglichkeit für einen glatten Übergang von den eigentlichen schüsselinneren Flächen zu der Schüsseloberkante, also den nach oben weisenden Flächenbereichen der WC-Schüssel, insbesondere unter einem WC-Sitzring.The flushing water flow according to the invention allows good wetting and flushing action of the surfaces of the interior bowl shape that are affected by soiling, specifically, as explained, by a rotating and thereby falling flow. Accordingly, a conventional flushing rim, which was initially compared with a shower, can be dispensed with. This makes the toilet bowl easier to manufacture, but also to clean, because classic flushing rims are particularly prone to soiling and calcification, and the underside is very difficult to reach. In other words, the invention offers the possibility of a smooth transition from the actual interior surfaces of the bowl to the upper edge of the bowl, that is to say the surface areas of the toilet bowl pointing upwards, in particular under a toilet seat ring.
Die bereits mehrfach erwähnte (vorzugsweise einzige) Eintrittsöffnung im Anschluss an die Spülwasserzufuhr kann bei einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung relativ hoch sein, insbesondere höher als 5 cm und in der folgenden Reihenfolge zunehmend bevorzugt höher als 5,5 cm, 6 cm, 6,5 cm. Mit einer hohen Eintrittsöffnung lässt sich ein strömungsgünstiger großer Querschnitt erreichen, ohne die Schüsselinnenform durch die Eintrittsöffnung zu sehr zu beeinträchtigen, und zwar sowohl auf die Strömungsführung als auch auf ihr ästhetisches Erscheinungsbild bezogen.The (preferably single) inlet opening following the rinse water supply, which has already been mentioned several times, can be relatively high in one embodiment of the invention, in particular higher than 5 cm and, in the following sequence, increasingly preferably higher than 5.5 cm, 6 cm, 6.5 cm . With a high inlet opening, a large cross-section that is favorable to the flow can be achieved without impairing the inside shape of the bowl too much by the inlet opening, both in terms of the flow guidance and in terms of its aesthetic appearance.
Generell ist der Strömungsquerschnitt der Spülwasserzufuhr vorzugsweise relativ groß. Insbesondere kann er bei einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung entlang der Erstreckung der Spülwasserzufuhr innerhalb des WCs, also zwischen einschließlich der Eintrittsöffnung und dem Übergang zu Leitungsteilen außerhalb des eigentlichen WCs, also insbesondere innerhalb einer Installationswand dahinter, über mindestens 8 cm2 liegen, vorzugsweise über 9 cm2 und besonders bevorzugter Weise über 10 cm2 oder sogar 11 cm2. Das gilt insbesondere für die Eintrittsöffnung. Damit kann die kinetische Energie des Spülwassers infolge eines Gefälles oder eines Leitungsdrucks besonders gut ausgenutzt werden.In general, the flow cross-section of the flushing water supply is preferably relatively large. In particular, in one embodiment of the invention, it can be over at least 8 cm 2 , preferably over 9 cm, along the extent of the flushing water supply inside the toilet, i.e. between including the inlet opening and the transition to pipe parts outside the actual toilet, i.e. in particular within an installation wall behind it 2 and particularly preferably over 10 cm 2 or even 11 cm 2 . This applies in particular to the entrance opening. In this way, the kinetic energy of the flushing water can be used particularly well as a result of a gradient or a line pressure.
Ferner ist bevorzugt, dass die zweite Strömungsbahn mit ihrem Beginn bei kleinen Azimutalwinkeln von der Eintrittsöffnung einen gewissen Abstand einhält, und zwar vorzugsweise mindestens 60° Azimutalwinkel, noch bevorzugterweise 80°, 100°, 120°, 130°. Dies bezieht sich auf den Fall, dass die erste und zweite Strömungsbahn nicht einheitlich verbunden sind und auf die Richtung von der Strömungsbahn ansteigender Azimutalwinkel.It is also preferred that the second flow path, with its beginning at small azimuthal angles, maintains a certain distance from the inlet opening, specifically preferably at least 60 ° azimuthal angle, more preferably 80 °, 100 °, 120 °, 130 °. This relates to the case in which the first and second flow paths are not connected uniformly and to azimuthal angles increasing in the direction of the flow path.
Die beiden Strömungsbahnen bilden jeweils eine lokale Verringerung der sonst vorherrschenden Neigung der Schüsselinnenform. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sollen sie daher nicht hinten in der Schüsselinnenform vorliegen, jedenfalls vorzugsweise bei einer Definition des Azimutalwinkels von Null an dieser Stelle, also einer Spülwasserströmung aus der Eintrittsöffnung nach vorne. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass eine jedenfalls in der Mitte möglichst glatt und steil durchlaufende Innenwand hinten hinsichtlich der Verschmutzungsneigung zu bevorzugen ist und dieser Aspekt aus Sicht der Erfinder eine Begrenzung der Strömungsbahnen in solcher Weise, dass sie diese hintere Mitte nicht überstreichen, rechtfertigt. Zur Illustration wird auf das Ausführungsbeispiel verwiesen. In diesem Fall sind die erste und die zweite Strömungsbahn also voneinander getrennt.The two flow paths each form a local reduction in the otherwise prevailing inclination of the inside shape of the bowl. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, they should therefore not be present at the rear in the bowl interior shape, at least preferably with a definition of the azimuthal angle of zero at this point, that is, a flushing water flow from the inlet opening to the front. It has been found that an inner wall at the rear that runs as smoothly and steeply as possible in the middle is preferable with regard to the tendency to soiling and that this aspect justifies a limitation of the flow paths in such a way that they do not sweep over this rear center from the point of view of the inventors. Reference is made to the exemplary embodiment for illustration. In this case, the first and the second flow path are therefore separated from one another.
Ferner hat sich herausgestellt, dass die zweite Strömungsbahn unterhalb eines relativ steilen Teils der Schüsselinnenform verlaufen sollte. Dementsprechend ist ein Neigungswinkel von mindestens 70° oder sogar 75° zur Horizontalen in diesem Teil über der zweiten Strömungsbahn bevorzugt, und zwar zwischen 310° und 340° Azimutalwinkel und vorzugsweise entlang der gesamten Längserstreckung der zweiten Strömungsbahn. Ebenso vorzugsweise gilt diese Aussage für einen Teil der Länge der zweiten Strömungsbahn oder für ihre gesamte Länge dann auch für den gesamten Teil der Schüsselinnenform darüber, und zwar bis zu einer oberseitigen Kante oder Abrundung, die den Übergang zur Oberseite des WC-Körpers bildet.It has also been found that the second flow path should run below a relatively steep part of the bowl interior shape. Accordingly is an angle of inclination of at least 70 ° or even 75 ° to the horizontal in this part above the second flow path is preferred, namely between 310 ° and 340 ° azimuthal angle and preferably along the entire longitudinal extent of the second flow path. This statement is also preferably valid for part of the length of the second flow path or for its entire length then also for the entire part of the interior bowl shape above it, up to an upper edge or rounding that forms the transition to the top of the toilet body.
Ferner ist eine relativ ausgeprägte Steilheit in dem bereits erwähnten mittleren hinteren Bereich der WC-Schüsselinnenform bevorzugt, und zwar mindestens hinunter bis zu dem Wasserstandsniveau im Sifon und hinauf bis zu dem erwähnten Übergang zur Schüsseloberseite. Auch hier kommen die bereits erwähnten Winkelwerte in Betracht.Furthermore, a relatively pronounced steepness is preferred in the already mentioned middle rear area of the toilet bowl inner shape, namely at least down to the water level in the siphon and up to the mentioned transition to the bowl top. The angle values already mentioned come into consideration here as well.
Schließlich ist eine solche Steilheit, erneut mit den gleichen Winkelwerten, auch besonders bevorzugt an der gegenüberliegenden Seite, also vorne mittig, und zwar unterhalb der dort vorzugsweise vorliegenden ersten Strömungsbahn (also ab der konvexen Kante abwärts) bis zum Wasserniveau im Sifon.Finally, such a steepness, again with the same angular values, is also particularly preferred on the opposite side, i.e. in the center at the front, namely below the first flow path preferably present there (i.e. from the convex edge downwards) to the water level in the siphon.
Besonders bevorzugter Weise gelten die Aussagen zur steilen Wand in einem Teil der Höhe für die gesamte Schüsselinnenform.Particularly preferably, the statements on the steep wall in part of the height apply to the entire inside shape of the bowl.
Die steilen Wände unterstützen eine gute Reinigungswirkung und einen ausreichenden Abwärtstrend der Wasserströmung. Die Wasserströmung soll dementsprechend insg. mit einer deutlichen Abwärtstendenz in den Sifon einströmen, um diesen gut ausspülen zu können.The steep walls support a good cleaning effect and a sufficient downward trend of the water flow. The water flow should accordingly flow into the siphon with a clear downward tendency in order to be able to rinse it out well.
Die zweite Strömungsbahn bzw. der zweite Strömungsbahnteil liegt in dem mehrfach genannten Winkelbereich zwischen 310° und 340° vorzugsweise relativ hoch, und zwar insbesondere über der ersten Strömungsbahn (dem ersten Ströhmungsbahnteil), soweit dieser ebenfalls vorzugsweise über 270° Azimutalwinkel hinaus zu größeren Azimutalwinkeln hin und in den Bereich bei und über 310° Azimutalwinkel verlängert ist. Dann sind die beiden Strömungsbahnen (-teile) voneinander beabstandet und übereinander angeordnet.The second flow path or the second flow path part is preferably relatively high in the repeatedly mentioned angular range between 310 ° and 340 °, in particular above the first flow path (the first flow path part), insofar as this is also preferably above 270 ° azimuthal angle towards larger azimuthal angles and into the range at and above 310 ° azimuthal angles. Then the two flow paths (parts) are spaced from one another and arranged one above the other.
Vorzugsweise liegt die zweite Strömungsbahn (der zweite Strömungsbahnteil) dabei mindestens 3 cm höher als die erste Strömungsbahn (der erste Strömungsbahnteil), wobei als Untergrenze 3,5 cm, 4,0 cm, 4,5 cm, 5,0 cm zunehmend bevorzugt sind.The second flow path (the second flow path part) is preferably at least 3 cm higher than the first flow path (the first flow path part), with 3.5 cm, 4.0 cm, 4.5 cm, 5.0 cm being increasingly preferred as the lower limit .
Unabhängig davon liegt die zweite Strömungsbahn bzw. der zweite Strömungsbahnteil in dem genannten Azimutalwinkelbereich zwischen 310° und 340° vorzugsweise höher als die Unterkante der Eintrittsöffnung für das Spülwasser, also erneut relativ hoch. Vorzugsweise ist diese Unterkante zumindest ungefähr auf gleichem Niveau wie die erste Strömungsbahn an dieser Stelle, injiziert also die Eintrittsöffnung das Wasser auf die erste Strömungsbahn.Regardless of this, the second flow path or the second flow path part in the azimuthal angle range mentioned between 310 ° and 340 ° is preferably higher than the lower edge of the inlet opening for the rinsing water, that is to say again relatively high. This lower edge is preferably at least approximately at the same level as the first flow path at this point, ie the inlet opening injects the water onto the first flow path.
Die Erfindung wird vorzugsweise mit einer WC-Schüssel realisiert, die jedenfalls im oberen Bereich, also über der ersten Strömungsbahn, nur eine einzige Eintrittsöffnung für Spülwasser aufweist. Im Stand der Technik sind durchaus Varianten mit einer Mehrzahl Eintrittsöffnungen vorhanden. Das verkompliziert den WC-Körper insgesamt deutlich und ist für gute Spüleigenschaften nicht wirklich notwendig. Vorzugsweise gilt das außerdem auch für die restliche Schüssel unter der ersten Strömungsbahn. Es wird also in diesem Sinn vorzugsweise auf Düsenöffnungen in der Nähe des Sifons verzichtet, die im Stand der Technik gelegentlich zur Verbesserung der Abflussleistung eingesetzt werden. Die Gründe sind die gleichen wie eben, wobei eine Begrenzung des Gesamtwasserverbrauchs hinzukommt.The invention is preferably implemented with a toilet bowl which in any case has only a single inlet opening for flushing water in the upper area, that is to say above the first flow path. In the prior art, there are definitely variants with a plurality of inlet openings. This significantly complicates the toilet body overall and is not really necessary for good flushing properties. This also preferably applies to the rest of the bowl under the first flow path. In this sense, it is therefore preferable to dispense with nozzle openings in the vicinity of the siphon, which are occasionally used in the prior art to improve the drainage capacity. The reasons are the same as above, with the addition of a limitation on total water consumption.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, wobei die einzelnen Merkmale auch in anderen Kombinationen erfindungswesentlich sein können und sich, wie bereits erwähnt, implizit auf alle Kategorien der Erfindung beziehen.
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undFigur 12 zeigen perspektivische Draufsichten von vorne rechts oben bzw. vorne links oben auf eine erfindungsgemäße WC-Schüssel in Graustufen zur Verdeutlichung der dreidimensionalen Form; -
zeigt eine Seitenansicht der rechten Hälfte der WC-Schüssel ausFigur 3den Figuren 1 und 2 in längsgeschnittenem Zustand; -
zeigt eine Seitenansicht, jedoch ohne Graustufen und in einem quergeschnittenen Zustand der WC-Schüssel aus denFigur 4Figuren 1 - 3 , und zwar mit Blickrichtung nach hinten und bei einem vereinfachen Ausführungsbeispiel; -
zeigt dasFigur 5Ausführungsbeispiel aus Figur 4 in nebeneinander höhengleich eingezeichneten Seitenansichten entsprechendFigur 3 , jedoch ohne Graustufen; -
zeigt in Draufsicht das AusführungsbeispielFigur 6aus den Figuren 4 und5 zusammen mit der Azimutalwinkeleinteilung, die auch zum Verständnis des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gedacht ist.
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Figure 1 and2 show perspective top views from the top right front and top left front of a toilet bowl according to the invention in gray shades to illustrate the three-dimensional shape; -
Figure 3 shows a side view of the right half of the toilet bowl from Figures 1 and 2 in a longitudinal section; -
Figure 4 FIG. 13 shows a side view, but without gray levels and in a cross-sectional state, of the toilet bowl from FIGFigures 1 - 3 , with a view towards the rear and in a simplified embodiment; -
Figure 5 shows the embodiment fromFigure 4 in side views drawn side by side at the same heightFigure 3 , but without grayscale; -
Figure 6 shows the embodiment from FIGFigures 4 and5 together with the azimuthal angle division, which is also intended for understanding the first exemplary embodiment.
Die
Die
Diese entspricht zunächst einmal qualitativ der aus der mehrfach zitierten
Abweichend von dem zitierten Stand der Technik ist allerdings hier die Eintrittsöffnung 6 für das Spülwasser nicht hinten (etwas rechts versetzt) und nach links gerichtet, wie im Stand der Technik ausgeführt, sondern beginnt seitlich bei etwa 100° Azimutalwinkel und ist nach vorne gerichtet, also zu größeren Azimutalwinkeln hin. Dementsprechend wird das Spülwasser auf die erste Strömungsbahn aufgebracht, allerdings nicht bei deren Start (bei 10°). Übrigens kann zum besseren Verständnis der hier erwähnten Azimutalwinkel auf
Ferner ist zusätzlich zu dem erwähnten Stand der Technik in der hinteren linken Ecke, also in
Die Schüsselinnenwände über und unter der zweiten Strömungsbahn 7 sind hingegen recht steil mit einer Neigung gegenüber der Horizontalen von etwa 80°, insbesondere auch bei einem Azimutalwinkel von 0°. Wie insbesondere
Insgesamt hat die Schüsselinnenform damit, wie die Figuren ebenfalls zeigen, keinen Hinterschnitt, insbesondere nicht am oberen Rand (und natürlich mit Ausnahme der Eintrittsöffnung 6).Overall, as the figures also show, the inside of the bowl thus has no undercut, in particular not on the upper edge (and of course with the exception of the inlet opening 6).
Die beiden Strömungsbahnen 5 und 7 haben in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel einen Abstand von etwa 6 cm, der so gemessen wird wie die Bahnbreite, nämlich zwischen der konvexen Kante der oberen Strömungsbahn 7 und der konkaven Kante der unteren Strömungsbahn 5 und in direkt der Neigung folgender Richtung. Die zweite Strömungsbahn 7 ist also deutlich erhöht gegenüber der ersten Strömungsbahn 5.The two
Man kann sich anhand der Figuren vorstellen, dass eine aus der Eintrittsöffnung 6 austretende Wasserströmung in Folge der Fliehkraft zu einem wesentlichen Teil entlang der steilen Schüsselinnenwand über der ersten Strömungsbahn 5 läuft und in dieser Form durch die (in vertikaler Draufsicht) konkave Schüsselinnenwand zur anderen, nämlich linken Seite gebracht wird. Die Erfahrung zeigt, dass die Wasserströmung auf der linken Seite in Folge der Schwerkraft zunehmend nach unten tendiert und dabei insbesondere auf den Teil der ersten Strömungsbahn 5 bei kleinen Azimutalwinkeln, also etwa 10° bis 90°, trifft, aber auch bereits auf den gegenüberliegenden Teil der ersten Strömungsbahn 5 bei großen Azimutalwinkeln, also etwa bei 300° bis 350°. Dies führt zu einem reflexionsartigen Strömungsverhalten, bei dem Teile des Spülwassers stark nach oben tendieren und aus der Schüssel 1 herausschwappen können.One can imagine on the basis of the figures that a water flow emerging from the
Wenn nun in Folge der zweiten Strömungsbahn 7 in dem dargestellten Azimutalwinkelbereich, insbesondere zwischen 310° und 340°, dieser Abwärtstendenz ein gewisses Hindernis entgegengestellt wird, wird das beschriebene Verhalten gedämpft oder verhindert und es lässt sich somit eine hinterschnittfreie Schüsselinnenform mit einem Strömungsverhalten des Spülwassers ohne Gefahr des Herausschwappens realisieren. Die hinsichtlich des Azimutalwinkels ausgedehnte und hinsichtlich der Neigung in Vertikalschnitten (durch den Sperrwasserstand im Abflussrohr wie in
Außerdem verdeutlicht
Claims (15)
- WC having a WC bowl (1), and an oval or round bowl opening (2), and an entry opening (6) for flushing water,
wherein, in case of an oval bowl opening (2), in the top view a longitudinal axis along a longitudinal extension of the oval bowl opening (2), namely in terms of the longest inner dimension of an inner shape of the bowl opening (2), in relation to the common seated position of a user of the WC, is directed from the front to the back, and in case of a round bowl opening (2) is analogously defined from the front to the back, and the longitudinal axis and a transverse axis, proceeding perpendicular and centrally to it as perpendicular bisector to the longitudinal axis, define a centre point and, starting from the longitudinal axis and the centre point, define an azimuthal angle, namely in that from a certain position in the bowl in the top view a connecting line is drawn to the section of these axes and the angle between this line and the longitudinal axis either in or opposite to the clockwise direction is taken as the azimuthal angle, zero being either at the front or at the back
wherein the entry opening (6) for the flushing water is directed in the direction of greater azimuthal angles, and in the top view and relative to the shape of the bowl opening (2) a tangential entry direction of the flushing water is thus given,
so that after entry into the WC bowl (1) through the entry opening (6) the flushing water flowing on an inner wall of the WC bowl (1) meets at an azimuthal angle of 150° to 210° a curvature of the inner wall that is concave in the top view and relative to the centre point,
wherein the WC bowl (1) has a flow path (5) for the flushing water which flow path (5) is defined in the inner shape of the WC bowl (1) between an outer concave edge and an inner convex edge in the vertical section and relative to the centre point and which flow path (5) connects to the entry opening in a lower region and proceeds relative to the azimuthal angle at least between 90° and 270°,
wherein the entry opening (6) is provided relative to the azimuthal angle between 80° and 180° and the azimuthal angle where the flushing water after entry meets the concave curvature, is greater than the above mentioned azimuthal angle of the entry opening (6) and
wherein a second flow path (7) is provided at an azimuthal angle of between 230° and, once past 360°, 90°, but not beyond, but at least at an azimuthal angle of between 310° and 340°, which flow path (7) is likewise defined in the inner shape of the WC bowl (1) between an outer concave and an inner convex edge in the vertical section and relative to the centre point and therein is located higher than a further portion of the first mentioned first flow path (5) at the same azimuthal angle or than a closest part of the first flow path (5). - WC according to claim 1, having an upper rim of the WC bowl (1) which does not form an undercut inwards, in particular having an undercut-free WC bowl (1) with the exception of the entry opening (6).
- WC according to claim 1 or 2 that has solely the flow path(s) (5, 7) mentioned in claim 1, in other words no further flow path.
- WC according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between azimuthal angles of 90° and 270° the first flow path (5) is at least 12 cm wide at its widest point and/or the second flow path (7) between azimuthal angles of 310° and 340° is at least 0.8 cm wide at its widest point.
- WC according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second flow path (7) proceeds with a maximum deviation from the horizontal of +/- 15°, preferably somewhat precipitously with an increasing azimuthal angle.
- WC according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first flow path (5) proceeds precipitously between azimuthal angles of 90° and 270° and thereby assists a downwards-directed movement of flushing water entering through the entry opening (6), wherein those portions of the first flow path (5) between azimuthal angles of 90° and 270° that are closest to the entry opening (6) are located higher than those portions of the first flow path (5) closest to the second flow path (7) between azimuthal angles of 310° and 340°.
- WC according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second flow path between azimuthal angles of 310° and 340° and the first flow path between azimuthal angles of 90° and 270° continually merge with one another beyond 0° and thereby form a single flow path.
- WC according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the azimuthal angle of 0° relative to a seated position of a WC user is located at the rear, in other words close to the buttocks, and at this position of 0° no flow path (5, 7) exists, wherein the first flow path (5) between azimuthal angles of 90° and 270° and the second flow path (7) between azimuthal angles of 310° and 340° are two separate flow paths (5, 7).
- WC according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the WC bowl inner shape above the second flow path (7) between azimuthal angles of 310° and 340° has a steepness of at least 70° from the horizontal.
- WC according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the azimuthal angle of 0° relative to a seated position of a WC user is located at the rear, in other words close to the buttocks, and wherein the inner shape of the WC bowl (1) at this azimuthal angle of 0° has a steepness of at least 70° from the horizontal between a siphon water level upper level (8) and an upper transition on the upper side to the upper side of the bowl.
- WC according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the azimuthal angle of 0° relative to a seated position of a WC is located at the rear, in other words close to the buttons, and wherein at an opposing point, in other words at an azimuthal angle of 180°, the inner shape of the bowl (1) has a steepness of at least 70° from the horizontal between a convex edge limiting the first flow path (5) and from there downwards to a siphon water level upper level (8).
- WC according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between azimuthal angles of 90° and 270° the first flow path (5) is continuously extended towards greater azimuthal angles and proceeds at least partially at the same azimuthal angles of between 310° and 340° as the second flow path (7), but at a distance from and below the latter.
- WC according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between azimuthal angles of 310° and 340° the second flow path (7) is located higher overall than a lower edge of the entry opening (6) for the flushing water.
- WC system having a WC according to one of the preceding claims and a cistern, preferably a concealed cistern, preferably with a flushing quantity below 6 I.
- Use of a WC or WC system according to one of the preceding claims for flushing, wherein from the entry opening (6) the flushing water performs a rotational movement along the first flow path (5) and a portion of the flushing water is therein guided above the second flow path (7) between 310° and 340°.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI201730564T SI3412840T1 (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | Water closet |
PL17020461T PL3412840T3 (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | Water closet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202017003022 | 2017-06-09 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3412840A1 EP3412840A1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
EP3412840B1 true EP3412840B1 (en) | 2020-12-02 |
Family
ID=60083063
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17020461.4A Active EP3412840B1 (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | Water closet |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3412840B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6981594B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110719982B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2018280778B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202017005242U1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3412840T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2837250T3 (en) |
IL (1) | IL270805A (en) |
PL (1) | PL3412840T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT3412840T (en) |
SI (1) | SI3412840T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018224632A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201907555B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022175298A1 (en) | 2021-02-18 | 2022-08-25 | Keramik Holding Ag Laufen | Toilet bowl |
DE202021104161U1 (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2022-11-08 | Geberit International Ag | WC with a specific inner bowl shape |
EP4130407A1 (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2023-02-08 | Geberit International AG | Wc with a specific shape of inner bowl |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114941360B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2023-02-10 | 箭牌家居集团股份有限公司 | Toilet with double-rotation flushing structure |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3085842A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-10-26 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Flush toilet |
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JPH0841950A (en) * | 1994-07-28 | 1996-02-13 | Inax Corp | Siphon type toilet bowl using flush water distributor |
WO2001073229A1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-04 | Toto Ltd. | Water closet |
US7661153B2 (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2010-02-16 | Toto Ltd. | Flush toilet |
JP2005307650A (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-11-04 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Water closet |
TW200636133A (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-10-16 | Toto Ltd | Flushing type toilet |
JP2009150160A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-09 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | Toilet structure |
JP2010265693A (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-25 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | Toilet bowl |
JP5093627B1 (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2012-12-12 | Toto株式会社 | Flush toilet |
JP6246453B2 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2017-12-13 | Toto株式会社 | Flush toilet |
JP5930509B2 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2016-06-08 | Toto株式会社 | Flush toilet |
JP5914820B2 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2016-05-11 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Flush toilet |
SI2604761T1 (en) | 2011-12-14 | 2015-06-30 | Geberit International Ag | Water closet |
DE202011109018U1 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-03-20 | Geberit International Ag | Wasserklosett |
CA3077076C (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2022-04-12 | As America, Inc. | Primed siphonic flush toilet |
JP6242140B2 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2017-12-06 | 株式会社Lixil | Waste disposal device |
JP6331008B2 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2018-05-30 | Toto株式会社 | Flush toilet |
-
2017
- 2017-10-10 PT PT170204614T patent/PT3412840T/en unknown
- 2017-10-10 DK DK17020461.4T patent/DK3412840T3/en active
- 2017-10-10 SI SI201730564T patent/SI3412840T1/en unknown
- 2017-10-10 PL PL17020461T patent/PL3412840T3/en unknown
- 2017-10-10 EP EP17020461.4A patent/EP3412840B1/en active Active
- 2017-10-10 DE DE202017005242.3U patent/DE202017005242U1/en active Active
- 2017-10-10 ES ES17020461T patent/ES2837250T3/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-06-08 JP JP2019567629A patent/JP6981594B2/en active Active
- 2018-06-08 WO PCT/EP2018/065112 patent/WO2018224632A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-06-08 CN CN201880037955.0A patent/CN110719982B/en active Active
- 2018-06-08 AU AU2018280778A patent/AU2018280778B2/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-11-14 ZA ZA2019/07555A patent/ZA201907555B/en unknown
- 2019-11-20 IL IL270805A patent/IL270805A/en unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3085842A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-10-26 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Flush toilet |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022175298A1 (en) | 2021-02-18 | 2022-08-25 | Keramik Holding Ag Laufen | Toilet bowl |
DE202021104161U1 (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2022-11-08 | Geberit International Ag | WC with a specific inner bowl shape |
EP4130407A1 (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2023-02-08 | Geberit International AG | Wc with a specific shape of inner bowl |
WO2023011889A1 (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2023-02-09 | Geberit International Ag | Toilet having a specific inner bowl shape |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PT3412840T (en) | 2020-12-21 |
CN110719982A (en) | 2020-01-21 |
PL3412840T3 (en) | 2021-04-06 |
AU2018280778A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
ZA201907555B (en) | 2020-09-30 |
JP6981594B2 (en) | 2021-12-15 |
ES2837250T3 (en) | 2021-06-29 |
AU2018280778B2 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
JP2020522629A (en) | 2020-07-30 |
DE202017005242U1 (en) | 2018-09-17 |
CN110719982B (en) | 2021-08-10 |
DK3412840T3 (en) | 2021-01-04 |
EP3412840A1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
IL270805A (en) | 2020-01-30 |
WO2018224632A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
SI3412840T1 (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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