EP3410535A1 - Device for reducing interference in antennas - Google Patents
Device for reducing interference in antennas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3410535A1 EP3410535A1 EP18170560.9A EP18170560A EP3410535A1 EP 3410535 A1 EP3410535 A1 EP 3410535A1 EP 18170560 A EP18170560 A EP 18170560A EP 3410535 A1 EP3410535 A1 EP 3410535A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- base unit
- damping element
- segment
- antenna
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/02—Details
- H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/06—Waveguide mouths
- H01Q13/065—Waveguide mouths provided with a flange or a choke
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for reducing interference in antennas, the device comprising a base unit for fixing antenna elements and wherein the base unit has at least two connecting elements for connection to at least two antenna elements.
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- CRPA Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna
- CRPAs are deployed on platforms, with the CRPA mostly located in the radiation shadow of the platform. This protects the CRPA from direct interference. However, it has been shown that some of the disturbing waves can propagate along the surface of the platform. The interference waves hit the CRPA with a positive elevation angle and interfere with the operation of the CRPA.
- the object of the invention is thus to provide a device which has improved anti-jamming performance with good interference shielding.
- the invention relates to a device for reducing interference in antennas, the device having a base unit for fixing antenna elements and a damping element for reducing the field strength of surface waves on the base unit, wherein the base unit has at least two connecting elements for connection to at least two antenna elements, wherein the damping element is mounted on the base unit and extends around the at least two connecting elements.
- At least two antenna elements can thus be fastened to the device by means of the connecting elements.
- the damping element extends around the at least two connecting elements around.
- the damping element thus dampens interference by surface waves, which act on the at least two connecting elements from the outside.
- damping between the connecting elements is avoided, since the damping element does not extend between the at least two connecting elements.
- the antenna elements connected to the connection elements may be arranged close enough to each other, so that a patch structure can be constructed.
- the damping element allows that antenna elements which are mounted on the connecting elements, can interact and thus effect an anti-jamming function.
- the damping element thus forms a shield for all attached to the connecting elements antenna elements simultaneously.
- the device thus also takes account of CRPA boundary conditions.
- the device reduces multi-path influences or EMC interference.
- the device thus allows to reduce interference while providing an anti-jamming function.
- the damping element is designed as a choke filter.
- the damping element then comprises annular or hollow-cylindrical structures which surround the connecting elements extend.
- the damping element has a first segment with a curved cross section, wherein the first segment extends around at least a first of the at least two connecting elements.
- the cross section is arranged parallel to the base unit. The curvature can therefore be seen in a plan view of the base unit on the first segment.
- the damping element advantageously has a second segment with a curved cross section, wherein the second segment is connected via a connecting segment with the first segment and extends around at least a second of the at least two connecting elements.
- the connecting segment may expediently have a curvature and / or an edge.
- the damping element can thus assume in its entirety other than a ring or hollow cylindrical shape.
- the segments of the damping element may be directed along their extent around a connecting element at one end away from a gap of the connecting elements and at another end towards a spacing of the connecting elements. At the respective ends, the segments are connected to one another by the connecting segments, the connecting segments bridging a change of direction in the direction of extent of the segments.
- the device comprises an outer choke ring which is fixed to the base unit and extends annularly around the damping element and around the at least two connecting elements.
- the device can advantageously have an inner choke ring, which extends annularly around a connecting element and which is arranged between the damping element and the connecting element.
- At least one inner choke ring of the connecting element intersects at least one choke ring of an adjacent connecting element.
- the device has at least two damping elements, wherein one of the at least two damping elements extends around the other of the at least two damping elements.
- One of the at least two damping elements encloses the other damping element and thus further includes a larger area than the other damping element. In this way, a plurality of and / or acting on different frequencies damping elements can be arranged around the connecting elements, so that the damping effect is further increased.
- the invention further relates to a system for reducing interference in antennas, the system comprising an antenna array and a device described above, wherein the antenna array comprises at least two antenna elements, wherein each one antenna element is connected to a respective connecting element.
- the antenna field is a CRPA field. With the CRPA field signals can be received directionally.
- the base unit may act as a first shield against spurious radiation by placing the antenna array in the radiation shadow of the base unit. It can be z. B. the base unit with the antenna field from the interference be rotated. Alternatively, the antenna field can be arranged in advance so that expected interference is shielded by the base unit.
- the system has a cover element, wherein the device is arranged between the base unit and the cover element.
- the cover With the cover, the device can be protected from strong air currents caused by wind or rapid movement. Further, with the cover collisions are reduced with entrained by the flow of air objects.
- the invention relates to a means of locomotion comprising a device described above or a system described above.
- the device will hereinafter be referred to in its entirety by the reference numeral 1, as in FIG. 1 shown.
- the apparatus comprises a base unit 14 for mounting antenna elements 11. Further, the apparatus comprises a damping element 12, 12 'for reducing the field strength of surface waves on the base unit 14.
- the base unit 14 has connecting elements 13, which can be fastened on a lowered part 10 of the base unit 14.
- the antenna elements 11 are in turn connected to the connecting elements 13, wherein a connecting element 13 between an antenna element 11 and the lowered portion 10 of the base unit 14 is arranged.
- the antenna elements 11 may be subcomponents of an antenna array 4, the antenna field 4 forming a CRPA field. Thus, the antenna elements 11 cooperate and can receive signals directionally determined.
- the antenna array 4 forms a system 3 for reducing interference in antennas.
- the antenna array 4 at least two antenna elements 11, which are each connected to one of the connecting elements 13.
- the damping element 12 is in FIG. 1 as a step extending from the bottom plate 14 to the lowered part 10 of the bottom plate 14.
- Arrows shown represent the path of electromagnetic interference.
- the interference propagates in different directions.
- a first part passes directly to the antenna element 11, the second part propagates along the damping element 12, the lowered part 10 and the connecting element 13.
- the second part undergoes a phase shift of 180 °. This means that it meets at the position of the antenna element 11 to exactly opposite phase interference of the first part. In this case, a mutual cancellation of both parts of the interference takes place.
- FIG. 2 shows the shading effect of the base unit 14.
- a jammer 20 emits interference 21.
- the interference strikes the base unit 14 and is reflected or absorbed by it.
- the connecting elements 13 with the antenna elements 11 are shielded by the base unit 14. They lie in the radiation shadow of the base unit 14.
- surface waves described above propagate, which are represented by the arrows. These surface waves can strike the antenna elements 11 and cause a signal disturbance.
- the damping element 12 the surface waves of the interference radiation 21 are attenuated.
- the base unit 14 can be connected to a means of locomotion 2.
- the means of locomotion 2 may be, for example, an aircraft, a vehicle, or a watercraft. Alternatively, the base unit 14 may also be fixed stationarily on a platform.
- FIG. 3 a device 1 with three connecting elements 13 is shown.
- the three connection elements 13 can each receive an antenna element 11, each antenna element 11 being part of a CRPA field.
- an inner choke ring 15 is arranged in this embodiment.
- the choke ring 15 is in this case, an annular or hollow-cylinder-like structure which completely encloses the respective connecting element 13 in one plane.
- a damping element 12 extends around all three connecting elements 13 and the inner choke rings 15 around.
- the damping element 12 is designed as a choke filter.
- the damping element 12 has a first segment 17 with a curved cross-section.
- the first segment 17 extends around a first connecting element 13, wherein the extension around the first connecting element takes place only partially. By this is meant that the first segment 17 does not extend completely around the connecting element 13 in the plane of the base unit 14.
- the damping element 12 further has a connecting segment 18, which connects the first segment 17 with a second segment 17 'of the damping element 12.
- the connecting segment 18 points in FIG. 3 an edge which points between the connecting elements 13 and causes a change of direction in the extension of the damping element 12 about the connecting elements 13.
- the connecting element may also be curved or straight.
- the connecting segment 18 starts from the first segment 17, the connecting segment 18 causes a change of direction in the extent of the damping element 12 about the connecting elements 13.
- the second segment 17 'following the connecting segment 18 in turn causes a change in direction with respect to the direction for the damping element 12 predetermined by the connecting segment 18.
- the damping element 12 has three connecting segments 18 and three segments 17.
- the damping element 12 is adapted to the respective connecting elements 13 and the antenna elements 11 attached to the connecting elements, which form a CRPA field.
- the number of connecting segments 18 and the segment 17 depends on the number of connecting elements 13 located outside on the field defined by the connecting elements 13.
- a connecting element 13 can be arranged between a plurality of connecting elements 13.
- the number of connecting segments 18 and the segments 17 of the damping element 12 would vary according to the number the outer fasteners 13 judge.
- the damping element 12 thus forms a contour, which is formed by the outer connecting elements 13.
- the design of the connecting elements 18 and the swept angle of the extension of the first and second segments 17, 17 'about the connecting elements 13 allows the adaptation of the damping element 12 to the boundary conditions of a CRPA field.
- the damping element 12 can be tuned exactly to the fact that although it is partially arranged between the connecting elements 13, while the function of the connected to the connecting elements 13 antenna elements 11 does not interfere. In this way, by means of the damping element 12, an optimal damping function is effected with simultaneous optimum function of the antenna elements 11.
- a second damping element 12 ' is arranged.
- the second damping element 12 ' extends around the damping element 12 and thus also around the connecting elements 13.
- an outer choke ring 16 can extend around the second damping element 12 '.
- the choke ring 16 encloses the entire above-described components in the plane of the base unit 14.
- the choke rings 15, 16 and the damping elements 12, 12 ' can be optimized for the attenuation of different interference radiation frequencies. This can effectively damp a wide range of different frequency bands.
- FIG. 4 shows a device with four connecting elements 13.
- the damping element 12 has in this embodiment, a first segment 17 that extends partially around a single connecting element 13.
- the swept by the first segment 17 angle in FIG. 4 smaller than the swept from the segment 17 angle FIG. 3 , This conforms to the first segment 17 in FIG. 4 subsequent connecting segment 18 protrudes so that not so deep between the connecting elements 13 as the connecting element 18 from FIG. 3 ,
- the damping element 12 has four segments 17, 17 'and four connecting segments 18 in this embodiment corresponding to the four outer connecting elements 13.
- FIG. 5 shows a device 1, which has a plurality of inner choke rings 15, 15 '. All inner choke rings 15, 15 'extend annularly around a single connecting element 13. Each connecting element 13 of the device 1 in this case has a plurality of choke rings 15, 15'.
- the choke rings 15 are arranged within the choke rings 15 '. Further, the choke rings 15 'intersect with the choke rings 15' of the adjacent connectors 13. In the present embodiment, the choke rings 15 ' also intersect the choke rings 15 of the adjacent connectors 13. However, this is optional.
- a damping element 12 that extends to all the connecting elements 13 and all choke rings 15'.
- the device 1 is covered by a cover 19, which forms a mechanical protection for the antenna elements 11 and the choke rings 15, 16 and the damping element 12 against air swirling or entrained with an air flow objects. This is necessary especially when the device 1 is arranged on a means of locomotion 2. Damage to the choke rings 15, 16 or the damping element 12 by entrained with the air flow objects or even by the propellant fluidized particles would otherwise have a significant reduction in the shielding of spurious radiation.
- the cover 19 may be formed, for example, as a plate or as a network or grid.
- the material of the cover 19 must be permeable to electromagnetic radiation so as not to hinder the function of the antenna elements 11. Further, the cover 19 may be attached directly to the base unit 14. Alternatively, the Cover 19 to the lowered part 10, the choke rings 15, 16 or the damping element 12 may be attached.
- the cover member 19 may further form a flat surface with the base unit 14. In this way, the position of the antenna elements 11 can be hidden.
- the cover 19 may have a step to the base unit 14. In this case, the cover 19 can be easily removed from the device 1, since an operator can easily grasp it at the edge.
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Reduzieren von Störeinflüssen bei Antennen, wobei die Vorrichtung (1) eine Basiseinheit (14) zum Befestigen von Antennenelementen (11) und ein Dämpfungselement (12, 12') zum Reduzieren der Feldstärke von Oberflächenwellen an der Basiseinheit (14) aufweist, wobei die Basiseinheit (14) mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente (13) zum Verbinden mit mindestens zwei Antennenelementen (11) aufweist, wobei das Dämpfungselement (12, 12') auf der Basiseinheit (14) befestigt ist und sich um die mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente (13) erstreckt. Die Erfindung stellt damit eine Vorrichtung (1) bereit, die verbesserte Anti-Jamming-Performance bei gleichzeitig guter Störabschirmung aufweist. The invention relates to a device for reducing interference in antennas, the device (1) comprising a base unit (14) for fixing antenna elements (11) and a damping element (12, 12 ') for reducing the field strength of surface waves on the base unit (14 ), wherein the base unit (14) has at least two connecting elements (13) for connection to at least two antenna elements (11), wherein the damping element (12, 12 ') is mounted on the base unit (14) and around the at least two connecting elements (13) extends. The invention thus provides a device (1) which has improved anti-jamming performance with good interference shielding at the same time.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Reduzieren von Störeinflüssen bei Antennen, wobei die Vorrichtung eine Basiseinheit zum Befestigen von Antennenelementen und wobei die Basiseinheit mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente zum Verbinden mit mindestens zwei Antennenelementen aufweist.The invention relates to a device for reducing interference in antennas, the device comprising a base unit for fixing antenna elements and wherein the base unit has at least two connecting elements for connection to at least two antenna elements.
Unter anderem in militärischen Anwendungen werden Antennen eingesetzt, die Anti-Jamming-Fähigkeiten aufweisen. Dazu werden Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Antennen eingesetzt, die unter dem Begriff Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna (CRPA) bekannt sind. CRPA werden auf Plattformen eingesetzt, wobei die CRPA zumeist im Strahlungsschatten der Plattform angeordnet sind. Dadurch ist die CRPA vor direkten Störwellen geschützt. Allerdings hat sich gezeigt, dass sich ein Teil der Störwellen entlang der Oberfläche der Plattform ausbreiten können. Dabei treffen die Störwellen mit einem positiven Elevationswinkel auf die CRPA und stören den Betrieb der CRPA.Among other military applications, antennas are used which have anti-jamming capabilities. For this purpose, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antennas are used, which are known as the Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna (CRPA). CRPAs are deployed on platforms, with the CRPA mostly located in the radiation shadow of the platform. This protects the CRPA from direct interference. However, it has been shown that some of the disturbing waves can propagate along the surface of the platform. The interference waves hit the CRPA with a positive elevation angle and interfere with the operation of the CRPA.
Aus der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es damit, eine Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, die verbesserte Anti-Jamming-Performance bei gleichzeitig guter Störabschirmung aufweist.The object of the invention is thus to provide a device which has improved anti-jamming performance with good interference shielding.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung.The object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims and the following description.
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Reduzieren von Störeinflüssen bei Antennen, wobei die Vorrichtung eine Basiseinheit zum Befestigen von Antennenelementen und ein Dämpfungselement zum Reduzieren der Feldstärke von Oberflächenwellen an der Basiseinheit aufweist, wobei die Basiseinheit mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente zum Verbinden mit mindestens zwei Antennenelementen aufweist, wobei das Dämpfungselement auf der Basiseinheit befestigt ist und sich um die mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente erstreckt.The invention relates to a device for reducing interference in antennas, the device having a base unit for fixing antenna elements and a damping element for reducing the field strength of surface waves on the base unit, wherein the base unit has at least two connecting elements for connection to at least two antenna elements, wherein the damping element is mounted on the base unit and extends around the at least two connecting elements.
An der Vorrichtung können damit mittels der Verbindungselemente mindestens zwei Antennenelemente befestigt werden. Dabei erstreckt sich das Dämpfungselement um die mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente herum. Das Dämpfungselement dämpft damit Störungen durch Oberflächenwellen, die von außen auf die mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente einwirken. Gleichzeitig wird eine Dämpfung zwischen den Verbindungselementen vermieden, da das Dämpfungselement sich nicht zwischen die mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente erstreckt. Weiter können die mit den Verbindungselementen verbundenen Antennenelemente nah genug bei einander angeordnet sein, so dass eine Patch-Struktur aufgebaut werden kann. Dadurch erlaubt das Dämpfungselement, dass Antennenelemente, die auf den Verbindungselementen befestigt werden, zusammenwirken können und auf diese Weise eine Anti-Jamming-Funktion bewirken. Das Dämpfungselement bildet damit eine Abschirmung für alle an den Verbindungselementen befestigten Antennenelemente gleichzeitig. Die Vorrichtung berücksichtigt damit auch CRPA-Randbedingungen.At least two antenna elements can thus be fastened to the device by means of the connecting elements. In this case, the damping element extends around the at least two connecting elements around. The damping element thus dampens interference by surface waves, which act on the at least two connecting elements from the outside. At the same time damping between the connecting elements is avoided, since the damping element does not extend between the at least two connecting elements. Further, the antenna elements connected to the connection elements may be arranged close enough to each other, so that a patch structure can be constructed. Thereby, the damping element allows that antenna elements which are mounted on the connecting elements, can interact and thus effect an anti-jamming function. The damping element thus forms a shield for all attached to the connecting elements antenna elements simultaneously. The device thus also takes account of CRPA boundary conditions.
Besonders effektiv werden durch das Dämpfungselement disruptive Einflüsse von Oberflächenwellen gedämpft, wenn die Basiseinheit eine Abschattung der Störwellen bewirkt. Damit werden mit der Vorrichtung Multi-Path-Einflüsse oder EMV-Störungen reduziert. Die Vorrichtung ermöglicht damit Störungen zu reduzieren, wobei gleichzeitig eine Anti-Jamming-Funktion bereitgestellt wird.Particularly effective are damped by the damping element disruptive influences of surface waves when the base unit causes shading of the interference waves. Thus, the device reduces multi-path influences or EMC interference. The device thus allows to reduce interference while providing an anti-jamming function.
Mit Vorteil ist das Dämpfungselement als Choke-Filter ausgebildet. Das Dämpfungselement umfasst dann ring- oder hohlzylinderförmige Strukturen, die sich um die Verbindungselemente erstrecken. Mit einem Choke-Filter können die Effekte der Oberflächenwellenleitung besonders effektiv reduziert werden.Advantageously, the damping element is designed as a choke filter. The damping element then comprises annular or hollow-cylindrical structures which surround the connecting elements extend. With a choke filter, the effects of surface wave conduction can be reduced particularly effectively.
Vorteilhafterweise weist das Dämpfungselement ein erstes Segment mit einem gekrümmten Querschnitt auf, wobei das erste Segment sich um mindestens ein erstes der mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente erstreckt. Der Querschnitt ist dabei parallel zur Basiseinheit angeordnet. Die Krümmung ist daher bei einer Draufsicht auf die Basiseinheit am ersten Segment zu erkennen.Advantageously, the damping element has a first segment with a curved cross section, wherein the first segment extends around at least a first of the at least two connecting elements. The cross section is arranged parallel to the base unit. The curvature can therefore be seen in a plan view of the base unit on the first segment.
Das Dämpfungselement weist vorteilhafterweise ein zweites Segment mit einem gekrümmten Querschnitt auf, wobei das zweite Segment über ein Verbindungssegment mit dem ersten Segment verbunden ist und sich um mindestens ein zweites der mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente erstreckt. Dabei kann das Verbindungssegment zweckmäßigerweise eine Krümmung und/oder eine Kante aufweisen. Das Dämpfungselement kann damit in seiner Gesamtheit eine andere als eine Ring- oder Hohlzylinderform annehmen. Die Segmente des Dämpfungselements können entlang ihrer Erstreckung um ein Verbindungselement an einem Ende von einem Zwischenraum der Verbindungselemente weg und an einem anderen Ende auf einen Zwischenraum der Verbindungselemente gerichtet sein. An den jeweiligen Enden werden die Segmente durch die Verbindungssegmente miteinander verbunden, wobei die Verbindungssegmente einen Richtungswechsel in der Erstreckungsrichtung der Segmente überbrücken.The damping element advantageously has a second segment with a curved cross section, wherein the second segment is connected via a connecting segment with the first segment and extends around at least a second of the at least two connecting elements. In this case, the connecting segment may expediently have a curvature and / or an edge. The damping element can thus assume in its entirety other than a ring or hollow cylindrical shape. The segments of the damping element may be directed along their extent around a connecting element at one end away from a gap of the connecting elements and at another end towards a spacing of the connecting elements. At the respective ends, the segments are connected to one another by the connecting segments, the connecting segments bridging a change of direction in the direction of extent of the segments.
Vorteilhafterweise weist die Vorrichtung einen äußeren Choke-Ring auf, der an der Basiseinheit befestigt ist und sich ringförmig um das Dämpfungselement und um die mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente erstreckt.Advantageously, the device comprises an outer choke ring which is fixed to the base unit and extends annularly around the damping element and around the at least two connecting elements.
Weiter kann die Vorrichtung mit Vorteil einen inneren Choke-Ring, der sich ringförmig um ein Verbindungselement erstreckt und der zwischen dem Dämpfungselement und dem Verbindungselement angeordnet ist, aufweisen.Furthermore, the device can advantageously have an inner choke ring, which extends annularly around a connecting element and which is arranged between the damping element and the connecting element.
Es ist weiter vorteilhaft, wenn um jedes Verbindungselement jeweils mindestens ein innerer Choke-Ring angeordnet ist.It is also advantageous if in each case at least one inner choke ring is arranged around each connecting element.
Vorteilhafterweise schneidet mindestens ein innerer Choke-Ring des Verbindungselements mindestens einen Choke-Ring eines benachbarten Verbindungselements. Durch das Schneiden der benachbarten Choke-Ringe wird eine Platzersparnis bewirkt. Dadurch können die Verbindungselemente weiterhin nah genug an einander angeordnet werden, so dass mit ihnen befestigte Antennenelemente eine gemeinsame Anti-Jamming-Funktion bewirken können.Advantageously, at least one inner choke ring of the connecting element intersects at least one choke ring of an adjacent connecting element. By cutting the adjacent choke rings a space saving is effected. As a result, the connection elements can continue to be arranged close enough to each other so that antenna elements attached to them can bring about a common anti-jamming function.
Zweckmäßigerweise weist die Vorrichtung mindestens zwei Dämpfungselemente auf, wobei sich eines der mindestens zwei Dämpfungselemente um das andere der mindestens zwei Dämpfungselemente erstreckt. Das eine der mindestens zwei Dämpfungselemente umschließt das andere Dämpfungselement und schließt damit weiter eine größere Fläche als das andere Dämpfungselement ein. Auf diese Weise können mehrere und/oder auf verschiedene Frequenzen wirkende Dämpfungselemente um die Verbindungselemente angeordnet werden, so dass die Dämpfwirkung weiter erhöht wird.Expediently, the device has at least two damping elements, wherein one of the at least two damping elements extends around the other of the at least two damping elements. One of the at least two damping elements encloses the other damping element and thus further includes a larger area than the other damping element. In this way, a plurality of and / or acting on different frequencies damping elements can be arranged around the connecting elements, so that the damping effect is further increased.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein System zum Reduzieren von Störeinflüssen bei Antennen, wobei das System ein Antennen-Feld und eine oben beschriebene Vorrichtung aufweist, wobei das Antennen-Feld mindestens zwei Antennenelemente aufweist, wobei je ein Antennenelement mit je einem Verbindungselement verbunden ist.The invention further relates to a system for reducing interference in antennas, the system comprising an antenna array and a device described above, wherein the antenna array comprises at least two antenna elements, wherein each one antenna element is connected to a respective connecting element.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn das Antennen-Feld ein CRPA-Feld ist. Mit dem CRPA-Feld können Signale gerichtet empfangen werden. Weiter kann die Basiseinheit als eine erste Abschirmung gegen Störstrahlung wirken, indem das Antennen-Feld in den Strahlungsschatten der Basiseinheit angeordnet wird. Dabei kann z. B. die Basiseinheit mit dem Antennen-Feld aus der Störstrahlung gedreht werden. Alternativ kann das Antennen-Feld bereits im Vorfeld so angeordnet werden, dass erwartete Störstrahlung durch die Basiseinheit abgeschirmt wird.It is advantageous if the antenna field is a CRPA field. With the CRPA field signals can be received directionally. Further, the base unit may act as a first shield against spurious radiation by placing the antenna array in the radiation shadow of the base unit. It can be z. B. the base unit with the antenna field from the interference be rotated. Alternatively, the antenna field can be arranged in advance so that expected interference is shielded by the base unit.
Vorteilhafterweise weist das System ein Abdeckelement auf, wobei die Vorrichtung zwischen der Basiseinheit und dem Abdeckelement angeordnet ist. Mit dem Abdeckelement kann die Vorrichtung vor starken durch Wind oder schnelle Fortbewegung verursachten Luftströmungen geschützt werden. Weiter werden mit der Abdeckung Kollisionen mit von der Luftströmung mitgeführten Gegenständen vermindert.Advantageously, the system has a cover element, wherein the device is arranged between the base unit and the cover element. With the cover, the device can be protected from strong air currents caused by wind or rapid movement. Further, with the cover collisions are reduced with entrained by the flow of air objects.
Weiter betrifft die Erfindung ein Fortbewegungsmittel umfassend eine oben beschriebene Vorrichtung oder ein oben beschriebenes System.Furthermore, the invention relates to a means of locomotion comprising a device described above or a system described above.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform mittels der beigefügten Zeichnung beschrieben. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung einer Vorrichtung;
Figur 2- eine schematische Darstellung einer Bodenplatte in einem Störfeld;
Figur 3- eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung mit drei Verbindungselementen;
- Figur 4
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung mit vier Verbindungselementen;
- Figur 5
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung mit sich überschneidenden Choke-Ringen; und
- Figur 6
- eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung einer Vorrichtung mit Abdeckplatte.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic cross-sectional view of a device;
- FIG. 2
- a schematic representation of a bottom plate in an interference field;
- FIG. 3
- a schematic representation of a device with three connecting elements;
- FIG. 4
- a schematic representation of a device with four connecting elements;
- FIG. 5
- a schematic representation of an apparatus with intersecting choke rings; and
- FIG. 6
- a schematic cross-sectional view of a device with cover plate.
Die Vorrichtung wird im Folgenden in ihrer Gesamtheit mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 bezeichnet, wie in
Zum Befestigen der Antennenelemente 11 weist die Basiseinheit 14 Verbindungselemente 13 auf, die auf einem abgesenkten Teil 10 der Basiseinheit 14 befestigt sein können. Die Antennenelemente 11 werden ihrerseits mit den Verbindungselementen 13 verbunden, wobei ein Verbindungselement 13 zwischen einem Antennenelement 11 und dem abgesenkten Teil 10 der Basiseinheit 14 angeordnet ist.For fixing the
Die Antennenelemente 11 können Teilkomponenten eines Antennen-Felds 4 sein, wobei das Antennen-Feld 4 ein CRPA-Feld bildet. Damit wirken die Antennenelemente 11 zusammen und können richtungsbestimmt Signale empfangen.The
Zusammen mit der Vorrichtung 1 bildet das Antennen-Feld 4 ein System 3 zum Reduzieren von Störeinflüssen bei Antennen. Dabei weist das Antennen-Feld 4 mindestens zwei Antennenelemente 11 auf, die mit je einem der Verbindungselemente 13 verbunden sind.Together with the
Das Dämpfungselement 12 ist in
Die Basiseinheit 14 kann dabei mit einem Fortbewegungsmittel 2 verbunden sein. Das Fortbewegungsmittel 2 kann dabei zum Beispiel ein Flugzeug, ein Fahrzeug, oder ein Wasserfahrzeug sein. Alternativ kann die Basiseinheit 14 auch stationär an einer Plattform befestigt sein.The
In
Ein Dämpfungselement 12 erstreckt sich um alle drei Verbindungselemente 13 und die inneren Choke-Ringe 15 herum. Das Dämpfungselement 12 ist dabei als Choke-Filter ausgebildet. Weiter weist das Dämpfungselement 12 ein erstes Segment 17 mit einem gekrümmten Querschnitt auf. Das erste Segment 17 erstreckt sich um ein erstes Verbindungselement 13, wobei die Erstreckung um das erste Verbindungselement lediglich teilweise erfolgt. Damit ist gemeint, dass das erste Segment 17 sich in der Ebene der Basiseinheit 14 nicht vollständig um das Verbindungselement 13 herum erstreckt.A damping
Das Dämpfungselement 12 weist weiter ein Verbindungssegment 18 auf, das das erste Segment 17 mit einem zweiten Segment 17' des Dämpfungselements 12 verbindet. Das zweite Segment 17' erstreckt sich teilweise um ein anderes Verbindungselement 13 als das erste Segment 17.The damping
Das Verbindungssegment 18 weist in
Insgesamt weist das Dämpfungselement 12 drei Verbindungssegmente 18 und drei Segmente 17 auf. Damit ist das Dämpfungselement 12 auf die jeweiligen Verbindungselemente 13 bzw. die auf den Verbindungselementen befestigten Antennenelemente 11, die ein CRPA-Feld bilden, angepasst. Die Anzahl der Verbindungssegmente 18 und der Segment 17 richtet sich nach der Anzahl der außen an dem durch die Verbindungselemente 13 definierten Feld liegenden Verbindungselemente 13. So kann zum Beispiel ein Verbindungselement 13 zwischen mehreren Verbindungselementen 13 angeordnet sein. Dann würde sich die Anzahl der Verbindungssegmente 18 und der Segmente 17 des Dämpfungselements 12 sich nach der Anzahl der äußeren Verbindungselemente 13 richten. Das Dämpfungselement 12 bildet damit eine Kontur ab, die durch die äußeren Verbindungselemente 13 gebildet wird.Overall, the damping
Die Ausgestaltung der Verbindungselemente 18 sowie der überstrichene Winkel der Erstreckung der ersten und zweiten Segmente 17, 17' um die Verbindungselemente 13 ermöglicht die Anpassung des Dämpfungselements 12 an die Randbedingungen eines CRPA-Feldes. So kann das Dämpfungselement 12 genau darauf abgestimmt werden, dass es zwar teilweise zwischen die Verbindungselemente 13 angeordnet ist, dabei jedoch die Funktion der mit den Verbindungselementen 13 verbundenen Antennenelementen 11 nicht stört. Auf diese Weise wird mittels des Dämpfungselements 12 eine optimale Dämpfungsfunktion bei gleichzeitiger optimaler Funktion der Antennenelemente 11 bewirkt.The design of the connecting
Um das Dämpfungselement 12 ist ein zweites Dämpfungselement 12' angeordnet. Das zweite Dämpfungselement 12' erstreckt sich um das Dämpfungselement 12 herum und damit auch um die Verbindungselemente 13.To the damping
Das zweite Dämpfungselement 12' wird in Kombination mit dem Dämpfungselement 12 und den inneren Choke-Ringen 15 eine verbesserte Dämpfung von Störstrahlung, die durch Oberflächenwellen entlang der Basiseinheit 14 zu den Antennenelementen 11 gelangt.The second damping element 12 'in combination with the damping
Weiter kann sich um das zweite Dämpfungselement 12' ein äußerer Choke-Ring 16 erstrecken. Der Choke-Ring 16 umschließt dabei die gesamten vorbeschriebenen Komponenten in der Ebene der Basiseinheit 14.Furthermore, an
Die Choke-Ringe 15, 16 sowie die Dämpfungselemente 12, 12' können für die Dämpfung von unterschiedlichen Störstrahlungsfrequenzen optimiert werden. Damit kann eine breite Palette von verschiedenen Frequenzbändern effektiv gedämpft werden.The choke rings 15, 16 and the damping
Das Dämpfungselement 12 hat in dieser Ausführungsform entsprechend der vier äußeren Verbindungselemente 13 vier Segmente 17, 17' und vier Verbindungssegmente 18.The damping
Dabei sind die Choke-Ringe 15 innerhalb der Choke-Ringe 15' angeordnet. Weiter schneiden sich die Choke-Ringe 15' mit den Choke-Ringen 15' der benachbarten Verbindungselemente 13. In der vorliegenden Ausführungsform schneiden die Choke-Ringe 15' auch die Choke-Ringe 15 der benachbarten Verbindungselemente 13. Dies ist jedoch optional.The choke rings 15 are arranged within the choke rings 15 '. Further, the choke rings 15 'intersect with the choke rings 15' of the
Um die Choke-Ringe 15' und damit um die Verbindungselemente 13 erstreckt sich ein Dämpfungselement 12, dass sich dabei um alle Verbindungselemente 13 und um alle Choke-Ringe 15' erstreckt.To the choke rings 15 'and thus around the connecting
In
Das Abdeckelement 19 kann dabei beispielsweise als Platte oder als Netz bzw. Gitter ausgebildet sein. Das Material des Abdeckelement 19 muss dabei durchlässig für elektromagnetische Strahlung sein, um die Funktion der Antennenelemente 11 nicht zu behindern. Weiter kann das Abdeckelement 19 direkt an der Basiseinheit 14 befestigt sein. Alternativ kann das Abdeckelement 19 an dem abgesenkten Teil 10, den Choke-Ringen 15, 16 oder dem Dämpfungselement 12 befestigt sein.The
Das Abdeckelement 19 kann weiter eine ebene Fläche mit der Basiseinheit 14 bilden. Auf diese Weise kann die Position der Antennenelemente 11 verborgen werden. Alternativ kann das Abdeckelement 19 eine Stufe zu der Basiseinheit 14 aufweisen. In diesem Fall lässt sich das Abdeckelement 19 leicht von der Vorrichtung 1 entfernen, da ein Betreiber es am Rand leicht ergreifen kann.The
Claims (14)
eine Basiseinheit (14) zum Befestigen von Antennenelementen (11) und
ein Dämpfungselement (12, 12') zum Reduzieren der Feldstärke von Oberflächenwellen an der Basiseinheit (14) aufweist,
wobei die Basiseinheit (14) mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente (13) zum Verbinden mit mindestens zwei Antennenelementen (11) aufweist,
wobei das Dämpfungselement (12, 12') auf der Basiseinheit (14) befestigt ist und sich um die mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente (13) erstreckt.Device for reducing interference in antennas, the device (1)
a base unit (14) for fixing antenna elements (11) and
a damping element (12, 12 ') for reducing the field strength of surface waves on the base unit (14),
wherein the base unit (14) has at least two connecting elements (13) for connection to at least two antenna elements (11),
wherein the damping element (12, 12 ') is mounted on the base unit (14) and extends around the at least two connecting elements (13).
eine Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 aufweist,
wobei das Antennen-Feld (4) mindestens zwei Antennenelemente (11) aufweist, wobei je ein Antennenelement (11) mit je einem Verbindungselement (13) verbunden ist.A system for reducing interference in antennas, the system (3) comprising an antenna array (4) and
a device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
wherein the antenna array (4) has at least two antenna elements (11), wherein in each case one antenna element (11) is connected to one connecting element (13).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102017111987.6A DE102017111987A1 (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2017-05-31 | Device for reducing interference in antennas |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3410535A1 true EP3410535A1 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
EP3410535B1 EP3410535B1 (en) | 2022-04-20 |
Family
ID=62116702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18170560.9A Active EP3410535B1 (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2018-05-03 | System for reducing interference in antennas |
Country Status (2)
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EP (1) | EP3410535B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102017111987A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020080086A1 (en) * | 2000-11-01 | 2002-06-27 | Webb David B. | Antenna with integrated feed and shaped reflector |
US20020097187A1 (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2002-07-25 | Yagi Antenna Co., Ltd. | Multibeam antenna |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6278407B1 (en) | 1998-02-24 | 2001-08-21 | Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. | Dual-frequency choke-ring ground planes |
US7733288B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-06-08 | Microwave Mitigation And Detection (“Mmad”) | Passive anti-jamming antenna system and method |
FR2923323B1 (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2011-04-08 | Alcatel Lucent | ANTENNA WITH REFLECTIVE TRAP |
EP2274780A4 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2012-10-24 | Microwave Mitigation And Detection Mmad | Receiver interference protection and direction finding antenna system |
-
2017
- 2017-05-31 DE DE102017111987.6A patent/DE102017111987A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2018
- 2018-05-03 EP EP18170560.9A patent/EP3410535B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020097187A1 (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2002-07-25 | Yagi Antenna Co., Ltd. | Multibeam antenna |
US20020080086A1 (en) * | 2000-11-01 | 2002-06-27 | Webb David B. | Antenna with integrated feed and shaped reflector |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102017111987A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
EP3410535B1 (en) | 2022-04-20 |
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