EP3406891B1 - A fuel valve for large turbocharged two stroke diesel engines - Google Patents
A fuel valve for large turbocharged two stroke diesel engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3406891B1 EP3406891B1 EP18168976.1A EP18168976A EP3406891B1 EP 3406891 B1 EP3406891 B1 EP 3406891B1 EP 18168976 A EP18168976 A EP 18168976A EP 3406891 B1 EP3406891 B1 EP 3406891B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- fuel
- spool
- chamber
- port
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 122
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/025—Hydraulically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0028—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic
- F02M63/0029—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic using a pilot valve controlling a hydraulic chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
- F02M63/0036—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat with spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/0047—Four-way valves or valves with more than four ways
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel valve for large turbocharged two-stoke diesel engines, in particular to an electronically controlled fuel valve for the large turbocharged inflow two stroke diesel engines with cross heads.
- These engines are typically provided with two or three fuel valves arranged in each cylinder cover.
- the fuel valve is provided with a spring biased axially movable valve needle that acts as a movable valve member.
- a preset pressure typically 350 Bar
- a conventional nozzle has a longitudinal axis that is arranged roughly at an angle of 10 to 15 deg to the direction of the movement of the piston in the cylinder of the engine and the nozzle is provided with a central bore and a plurality of nozzle bores that direct the fuel away from the cylinder walls and into the combustion chamber.
- the nozzle bores are directed to inject the fuel with the flow of the swirl although some of the bores may be directed to inject the fuel against the flow of the swirl.
- a known fuel valve of this type is the MAN Diesel slide fuel valve that has a design with a minimized sac volume of residual fuel.
- This known fuel valve has two positions: open with all nozzle holes in use or closed.
- the position of the axially movable valve needle is controlled by a pressure chamber in the valve housing above the axially movable valve needle.
- the pressure chamber is permanently connected to a high pressure fluid source via a throttled connection, and to a drain via a closable throttled connection. This construction causes substantial drain loses during valve open time and causes relatively slow closing and opening speeds of the fuel valve.
- the high pressure fluid for controlling the needle valve is the fuel oil.
- a conventional fuel valve for a large two stroke uniflow diesel engine with cross-heads the opening and closing of the valve needle of the fuel valve is controlled via a pressure chamber arranged in the fuel valve housing at an end of the valve needle that is opposite to the nozzle.
- the valve needle is slidably and sealingly received in a bore in the fuel valve housing with the pressure chamber forming the end of the bore.
- the pressure in the pressure chamber is controlled by a throttled connection to the high pressure fluid inlet port and another throttled connection to the tank port.
- the connection to the tank port can be opened and closed by an electrically controlled solenoid valve that typically is a solenoid controlled ball valve.
- the throttled connection to tank is less restricted than the throttled connection to the fuel port, and therefore pressure drops in the pressure chamber when the solenoid valve opens the connection to the tank port.
- the solenoid valve is open during a fuel injection event.
- the flow through the restricted connections when the solenoids valve is open represents a large leak flow and the energy loss associated with this leak flow is quite substantial since the pressure at the fuel inlet is very high, typically 300 bar or higher.
- US 7,249,591 discloses a fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1, with a pressure intensifier for intensifying pressure of fuel from a fuel injection pump, a fuel injection nozzle for injecting fuel having intensified pressure into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, a solenoid valve for performing control of intensifying pressure of the pressure intensifier or control of opening or closing the fuel injection nozzle, a first fuel discharge path through which fuel flowing out of the pressure intensifier or the fuel injection nozzle bypasses the solenoid valve to return the fuel to a low pressure side of a fuel system, and a second fuel discharge path through which fuel flowing out of the solenoid valve bypasses the first fuel discharge path to return the fuel to a low pressure side of the fuel system.
- the valve seat, the opening chamber and the closing chamber are not located in the fuel loan valve housing and instead located in the nozzle.
- Electronically controlled fuel valves are also known from US2005242211 A1 , WO2007106510 A2 DE10055714 A1 and DE102008043985 A1 .
- a fuel valve suitable for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of a large two stroke diesel engine is known from WO2008071187 A1 .
- the present invention relates to a fuel valve for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of a large two stroke diesel engine, with a resiliently biased and axially movable valve needle cooperating with a valve seat, an electronically controlled pilot valve connected to a closing chamber for urging the needle valve to its seat for selectively, e.g. alternatingly, connecting the closing chamber to a tank port or to a fuel inlet port.
- an electronically controlled pilot valve comprising a spool valve for controlling the pressure in the pressure chamber that urges the valve needle towards the seat, i.e. the closing chamber, by selectively connecting the control conduit to the tank port or to the fuel inlet port it becomes possible to reduce the leak oil flow significantly.
- the needle valve opening and closing can be electronically controlled and, the valve needle can be opened faster and closed faster which results in better control of the fuel injection. These measures are resulting in lower specific fuel of consumption and allow for emission reduction.
- the electronically controlled valve is a spool valve.
- the spool valve is provided with a first pressure chamber acting on the spool and urging the spool to a position where the control conduit is connected to the fuel inlet port.
- the spool valve is provided with a second pressure chamber acting on the spool and urging the spool to a position where the control conduit is connected to the tank port.
- the pressure chamber is provided with a throttled connection to the fuel inlet port and with another throttled connection to the tank port, with the throttled connection to the tank port is less restricted than the throttled connection to the fuel inlet port and wherein the fuel valve (1) further comprises an electrically controlled solenoid valve for opening and closing the throttled connection to the tank port.
- the solenoid valve is a solenoid controlled ball valve. This construction allows for the use of an off-the shelf type solenoid valve to control the position of the spool.
- the restricted connection to the tank port is located inside the valve housing.
- the restricted connection to the tank port is located extends through the spool of the spool valve.
- the nozzle is a nozzle with an axial bore and a closed front and the valve needle moves in unison with a cut-off shaft moving in unison with the valve needle and received axially displaceable in the central bore in the nozzle for opening and closing the nozzle holes.
- the fuel valve 1 according to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 has an external housing 10 which at its rearmost end has a fuel inlet port 16 and a fuel outlet port or tank port 18.
- the inlet port 16 is to be connected to a source P of high pressure fuel such as fuel oil, heavy fuel oil from a fuel pump or from a common fuel rail.
- the outlet port 18 is to be connected to a return line to tank T.
- the fuel valve 1 may in a known manner be mounted in the cylinder cover of a large two-stroke turbocharged uniflow diesel engine with cross-heads and be connected with a fuel pump, not shown.
- the fuel inlet port 16 is in flow connection with a duct 17.
- Duct 17 extends to the seat of a valve needle 20 that is axially displaceable in an axial bore in the valve housing 10.
- the valve needle 20 is biased to its seat 22 by a closing spring 23.
- the foremost part of the valve housing 10 holds a nozzle 30 that projects from the valve housing 10 and into the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder (not shown) when the fuel valve 1 is mounted on the cylinder cover.
- Fig. 1 shows the valve needle 20 resting on the valve seat 22. In this position, fluid flow of fuel from the fuel oil inlet port 16 to the nozzle 30 is blocked. A chamber 25 above the valve seat 22 is connected to duct 17 to receive pressurized fuel.
- the valve needle 20 carries a foremost cut-off shaft 40 that is thinner than the rearmost section of the valve needle 20 and the cut-off shaft 40 projects into a central bore 33 in the nozzle 30.
- the cut-off shaft 40 is axially displaced in the central bore of the nozzle 30.
- the nozzle 30 is further provided with a plurality of nozzle holes 35 through which the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber from the central bore 33. Thus, during a fuel injection event a jet of fuel comes from the nozzle holes 35.
- the cut-off shaft 40 is in an exemplary embodiment made as one piece of material with the valve needle 20.
- the cut-off shaft 40 is hollow and the hollow interior of the cut-off shaft 40 connects to the space downstream of the valve seat 22. Thus, when the valve needle 20 is lifted from its seat the flow path extends all the way from the fuel oil inlet 16 to the hollow interior of the cut-off shaft 40.
- a duct 19 is connected to the outlet port 18 and the duct 19 collects the return oil flow as will be explained in greater detail hereafter.
- the foremost part of the cut-off shaft 40 is cylindrical and fits exactly into the central bore 33.
- the upper (upper as in the drawings) part of the valve is a substantially cylindrical section 43 with an enlarged diameter and this section 43 that is slidably received in an axial bore 45 in the valve housing 10 so that the section 43 can act like a piston in the valve housing 10.
- a closing chamber 46 formed in the upper part (upper as in the drawing) of the valve housing 10 is disposed above the actuation section 43.
- the spring 23 for urging the valve needle 20 onto its seat 22 is received in the closing chamber 46, and acts on the top of the actuation section 43.
- the pressure in closing chamber 46 acts on the valve needle 20 to urge the latter in the closing direction with an effective surface area A1.
- Opening chamber 70 for urging the valve needle 20 in the opening direction is located under section 43 and connected via bore 72 to duct 17. Opening chamber 70 is therefore always pressurized when the fuel inlet port 16 is connected to a source of pressurized fuel (such as a fuel pump). The pressure in opening chamber 70 acts on the valve needle 20 to urge the latter in the opening direction with an effective surface area A2.
- a bore 52 is formed in the valve housing. In figure 1 the bore is oriented axially. However, other orientations for bore 52, such are radially or tangentially or orientations there in-between are also possible.
- a spool or slide 53 is slidably received in the axial bore 52 and the position of the spool 53 determines the flow to- and from three ports that open into the axial bore 52.
- One of the ports connects via a conduit 57 to duct 17 that is connected the source of pressurized fuel via fuel inlet port 16.
- Another port is connected to duct 19 by a conduit 58 and the third port is connected to closing chamber 46 via a control conduit 59.
- a reduced diameter section 55 of the spool 53 connects the control conduit 59 with conduit 57 in the lower (lower as in the drawing) position of the spool 53 and connects the control conduit 59 to conduit 58 in the upper (upper as in the drawing) position (shown in Figure 1 ) of the spool 53.
- closing chamber 46 is connected to the outlet port or tank port 18 (drain) and in the lower position of the spool 53 the closing chamber 46 is connected to the source of pressurized fuel (high pressure).
- the upper (upper as in Figure 1 ) section of the spool 53 is formed as a piston section 73 with a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the rest of the spool 53 (in other embodiments the diameter of the upper section 73 of the spool 53 is equal or smaller than the diameter of the rest of the spool 53).
- a pressure chamber 75 above acts on the spool 53 in the downward (downward as in Figure 1 ) direction to urge the spool 53 to the position where closing chamber 46 is connected to the source of pressurized fuel (high pressure) P.
- a restricted connection 82 e.g. in the form of a conduit with an orifice 84 that acts as a throttle connects pressure chamber 75 to duct 19 and thus to the tank port 18 (drain).
- the restricted connection can be opened and closed by a ball valve 85 that is connected to a spring biased solenoid 88.
- the spring of the ball valve 85 urges the ball valve to its seat.
- Activation of the solenoid 88 causes the ball to be lifted from the seat against the action of the spring 89.
- a restricted connection e.g. in the form of a conduit with 83 an orifice 86 that acts as a throttle connects pressure chamber 75 to duct 17 and thus to the fuel inlet port 16.
- the position of spool 53 is controlled by fuel oil pressure and the balance between the orifices 84 and 86.
- solenoid 88 When the solenoid 88 is activated the valve seat of the ball valve 85 is opened and pressure chamber 75 is connected to the outlet port 18 (drain) via the orifice 84.
- the fuel oil pressure in the pressure chamber 75 will drop because the flow area of orifice 86 is smaller than the flow area of orifice 84.
- the decrease pressure in pressure chamber 75 will cause the spool 53 to move upwards under influence of the pressure in pressure chamber 77 and closing chamber 46 will be connected to duct 19 and the outlet port 18 via control conduit 59.
- a ring chamber 93 below the piston section 73 is connected to duct 19 via a conduit 95 and hence to the tank port. Thus, no force will act on the annulus area of the piston section 53.
- the spool 53 acts as a 3/2 way valve.
- the solenoid 88 can in an embodiment be connected to an electronic control unit 50, such as the electronic control unit of the engine. Hence the electronic control unit 50 determines if the solenoid 88 is active or not and thereby the electronic control unit 50 controls the start and end of a fuel injection event.
- the spool 53 is connected directly to an electronic actuator and then controlled according to the movement of the actuator.
- Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the invention that is essentially identical to the embodiment of figure 1 , except that the valve needle 20 is not provided with a cut off shaft.
- the construction of the nozzle 30 and the valve needle is less complicated than in the embodiment of Figure 1 .
- the sac volume in the nozzle 30 is larger than in the embodiment of Figure 1 .
- One advantage of the teaching of this disclosure is that it provides for a fuel valve for a large two-stroke diesel engine that allows for precise control of a fuel injection event. It is another advantage of the present fuel valve that it reduces leak oil losses. It is yet another advantage of the of the present fuel valve that it provides for a faster response of the valve needle on control signals.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a fuel valve for large turbocharged two-stoke diesel engines, in particular to an electronically controlled fuel valve for the large turbocharged inflow two stroke diesel engines with cross heads.
- Large turbocharged two-stroke diesel engines with cross-heads are typically used as prime movers in large ocean going ships, such as container ships or in power plants.
- These engines are typically provided with two or three fuel valves arranged in each cylinder cover. The fuel valve is provided with a spring biased axially movable valve needle that acts as a movable valve member. When the pressure of the fuel (typically heavy fuel oil) exceeds a preset pressure (typically 350 Bar) the axially movable valve needle is lifted from its seat and the fuel is allowed to flow into the combustion chamber via a nozzle at the front of the fuel valve.
- A conventional nozzle has a longitudinal axis that is arranged roughly at an angle of 10 to 15 deg to the direction of the movement of the piston in the cylinder of the engine and the nozzle is provided with a central bore and a plurality of nozzle bores that direct the fuel away from the cylinder walls and into the combustion chamber. Typically, there is a swirl in the air in the combustion chamber at the moment of injection, provided by the charge air inflow. Most of the nozzle bores are directed to inject the fuel with the flow of the swirl although some of the bores may be directed to inject the fuel against the flow of the swirl.
- A known fuel valve of this type is the MAN Diesel slide fuel valve that has a design with a minimized sac volume of residual fuel. This known fuel valve has two positions: open with all nozzle holes in use or closed. The position of the axially movable valve needle is controlled by a pressure chamber in the valve housing above the axially movable valve needle. The pressure chamber is permanently connected to a high pressure fluid source via a throttled connection, and to a drain via a closable throttled connection. This construction causes substantial drain loses during valve open time and causes relatively slow closing and opening speeds of the fuel valve. The high pressure fluid for controlling the needle valve is the fuel oil.
- Ongoing demands for reduced emissions and improved specific fuel consumption require further development of the fuel injection system. Improved accuracy and faster opening and closing movement are key aspects.
- In a conventional fuel valve for a large two stroke uniflow diesel engine with cross-heads the opening and closing of the valve needle of the fuel valve is controlled via a pressure chamber arranged in the fuel valve housing at an end of the valve needle that is opposite to the nozzle. The valve needle is slidably and sealingly received in a bore in the fuel valve housing with the pressure chamber forming the end of the bore. The pressure in the pressure chamber is controlled by a throttled connection to the high pressure fluid inlet port and another throttled connection to the tank port. The connection to the tank port can be opened and closed by an electrically controlled solenoid valve that typically is a solenoid controlled ball valve. The throttled connection to tank is less restricted than the throttled connection to the fuel port, and therefore pressure drops in the pressure chamber when the solenoid valve opens the connection to the tank port.
- When the solenoid valve is closed the pressure in the pressure chamber increases until it reaches the pressure in the fuel inlet port. The speed with which the pressure in the pressure chamber increases is determined by the pressure difference between the pressure chamber and the fuel inlet port and the size of the restriction in the connection between the two.
- When the solenoid valve is open, the pressure in the pressure chamber falls until a balance determined by the ratio between the size of the restriction in the connection to the tank port and the size of the restriction in the connection to the fuel port. The speed with which the pressure in the pressure chamber decreases is determined by this balance between the size of the two restrictions.
- Thus, the speed with which the valve needle opens and closes is determined by the restrictions, and both the opening and closing movement of the valve needle is inherently slower than desired
- The solenoid valve is open during a fuel injection event. The flow through the restricted connections when the solenoids valve is open represents a large leak flow and the energy loss associated with this leak flow is quite substantial since the pressure at the fuel inlet is very high, typically 300 bar or higher.
- The present demand for lower emissions and improved specific fuel oil consumption require faster reacting fuel valves and reduced energy losses through leak oil.
-
US 7,249,591 discloses a fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1, with a pressure intensifier for intensifying pressure of fuel from a fuel injection pump, a fuel injection nozzle for injecting fuel having intensified pressure into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, a solenoid valve for performing control of intensifying pressure of the pressure intensifier or control of opening or closing the fuel injection nozzle, a first fuel discharge path through which fuel flowing out of the pressure intensifier or the fuel injection nozzle bypasses the solenoid valve to return the fuel to a low pressure side of a fuel system, and a second fuel discharge path through which fuel flowing out of the solenoid valve bypasses the first fuel discharge path to return the fuel to a low pressure side of the fuel system. The valve seat, the opening chamber and the closing chamber are not located in the fuel loan valve housing and instead located in the nozzle. - Electronically controlled fuel valves are also known from
US2005242211 A1 ,WO2007106510 A2 DE10055714 A1 andDE102008043985 A1 . A fuel valve suitable for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of a large two stroke diesel engine is known fromWO2008071187 A1 . - On this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel valve that is able to at least partially meet the demands indicated above and at least partially overcome the problems indicated above. 001045-EP
- The present invention relates to a fuel valve for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of a large two stroke diesel engine, with a resiliently biased and axially movable valve needle cooperating with a valve seat, an electronically controlled pilot valve connected to a closing chamber for urging the needle valve to its seat for selectively, e.g. alternatingly, connecting the closing chamber to a tank port or to a fuel inlet port.
- The object above is achieved according to a first aspect by providing an electronically controlled fuel valve according to claim 1.
- By using an electronically controlled pilot valve comprising a spool valve for controlling the pressure in the pressure chamber that urges the valve needle towards the seat, i.e. the closing chamber, by selectively connecting the control conduit to the tank port or to the fuel inlet port it becomes possible to reduce the leak oil flow significantly. The needle valve opening and closing can be electronically controlled and, the valve needle can be opened faster and closed faster which results in better control of the fuel injection. These measures are resulting in lower specific fuel of consumption and allow for emission reduction.
- In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the electronically controlled valve is a spool valve.
- In a possible implementation of the first aspect the spool valve is provided with a first pressure chamber acting on the spool and urging the spool to a position where the control conduit is connected to the fuel inlet port.
- In a possible implementation of the first aspect the spool valve is provided with a second pressure chamber acting on the spool and urging the spool to a position where the control conduit is connected to the tank port.
- In a possible implementation of the first aspect the pressure chamber is provided with a throttled connection to the fuel inlet port and with another throttled connection to the tank port, with the throttled connection to the tank port is less restricted than the throttled connection to the fuel inlet port and wherein the fuel valve (1) further comprises an electrically controlled solenoid valve for opening and closing the throttled connection to the tank port.
- In a possible implementation of the first aspect the solenoid valve is a solenoid controlled ball valve. This construction allows for the use of an off-the shelf type solenoid valve to control the position of the spool.
- In a possible implementation of the first aspect the restricted connection to the tank port is located inside the valve housing.
- In a possible implementation of the first aspect the restricted connection to the tank port is located extends through the spool of the spool valve.
- In a possible implementation of the first aspect the nozzle is a nozzle with an axial bore and a closed front and the valve needle moves in unison with a cut-off shaft moving in unison with the valve needle and received axially displaceable in the central bore in the nozzle for opening and closing the nozzle holes.
- Further objects, features, advantages and properties of the fuel valve according to the present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description.
- In the following detailed portion of the present description, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings, in which:
-
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal-section of an exemplary embodiment of a fuel valve, and -
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal-section of another exemplary embodiment of a fuel valve. - The fuel valve 1 according to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in
Fig. 1 has anexternal housing 10 which at its rearmost end has afuel inlet port 16 and a fuel outlet port ortank port 18. Theinlet port 16 is to be connected to a source P of high pressure fuel such as fuel oil, heavy fuel oil from a fuel pump or from a common fuel rail. Theoutlet port 18 is to be connected to a return line to tank T. - The fuel valve 1 may in a known manner be mounted in the cylinder cover of a large two-stroke turbocharged uniflow diesel engine with cross-heads and be connected with a fuel pump, not shown.
- The
fuel inlet port 16 is in flow connection with aduct 17.Duct 17 extends to the seat of avalve needle 20 that is axially displaceable in an axial bore in thevalve housing 10. Thevalve needle 20 is biased to itsseat 22 by aclosing spring 23. The foremost part of thevalve housing 10 holds anozzle 30 that projects from thevalve housing 10 and into the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder (not shown) when the fuel valve 1 is mounted on the cylinder cover. -
Fig. 1 shows thevalve needle 20 resting on thevalve seat 22. In this position, fluid flow of fuel from the fueloil inlet port 16 to thenozzle 30 is blocked. Achamber 25 above thevalve seat 22 is connected toduct 17 to receive pressurized fuel. - The
valve needle 20 carries a foremost cut-offshaft 40 that is thinner than the rearmost section of thevalve needle 20 and the cut-offshaft 40 projects into a central bore 33 in thenozzle 30. Thus, when thevalve needle 20 is axially displaced in the bore in thehousing 10 the cut-offshaft 40 is axially displaced in the central bore of thenozzle 30. - The
nozzle 30 is further provided with a plurality of nozzle holes 35 through which the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber from the central bore 33. Thus, during a fuel injection event a jet of fuel comes from the nozzle holes 35. - The cut-off
shaft 40 is in an exemplary embodiment made as one piece of material with thevalve needle 20. The cut-offshaft 40 is hollow and the hollow interior of the cut-offshaft 40 connects to the space downstream of thevalve seat 22. Thus, when thevalve needle 20 is lifted from its seat the flow path extends all the way from thefuel oil inlet 16 to the hollow interior of the cut-offshaft 40. - A
duct 19 is connected to theoutlet port 18 and theduct 19 collects the return oil flow as will be explained in greater detail hereafter. - The foremost part of the cut-off
shaft 40 is cylindrical and fits exactly into the central bore 33. - The upper (upper as in the drawings) part of the valve is a substantially
cylindrical section 43 with an enlarged diameter and thissection 43 that is slidably received in anaxial bore 45 in thevalve housing 10 so that thesection 43 can act like a piston in thevalve housing 10. A closingchamber 46 formed in the upper part (upper as in the drawing) of thevalve housing 10 is disposed above theactuation section 43. Thespring 23 for urging thevalve needle 20 onto itsseat 22 is received in theclosing chamber 46, and acts on the top of theactuation section 43. The pressure in closingchamber 46 acts on thevalve needle 20 to urge the latter in the closing direction with an effective surface area A1. - An opening
chamber 70 for urging thevalve needle 20 in the opening direction is located undersection 43 and connected viabore 72 toduct 17. Openingchamber 70 is therefore always pressurized when thefuel inlet port 16 is connected to a source of pressurized fuel (such as a fuel pump). The pressure in openingchamber 70 acts on thevalve needle 20 to urge the latter in the opening direction with an effective surface area A2. - A bore 52 is formed in the valve housing. In
figure 1 the bore is oriented axially. However, other orientations forbore 52, such are radially or tangentially or orientations there in-between are also possible. A spool or slide 53 is slidably received in theaxial bore 52 and the position of thespool 53 determines the flow to- and from three ports that open into theaxial bore 52. - One of the ports connects via a
conduit 57 toduct 17 that is connected the source of pressurized fuel viafuel inlet port 16. Another port is connected toduct 19 by aconduit 58 and the third port is connected to closingchamber 46 via acontrol conduit 59. - A reduced
diameter section 55 of thespool 53 connects thecontrol conduit 59 withconduit 57 in the lower (lower as in the drawing) position of thespool 53 and connects thecontrol conduit 59 toconduit 58 in the upper (upper as in the drawing) position (shown inFigure 1 ) of thespool 53. In the upper position of thespool 53closing chamber 46 is connected to the outlet port or tank port 18 (drain) and in the lower position of thespool 53 theclosing chamber 46 is connected to the source of pressurized fuel (high pressure). - The upper (upper as in
Figure 1 ) section of thespool 53 is formed as apiston section 73 with a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the rest of the spool 53 (in other embodiments the diameter of theupper section 73 of thespool 53 is equal or smaller than the diameter of the rest of the spool 53). Apressure chamber 75 above (above as inFigure 1 ) acts on thespool 53 in the downward (downward as inFigure 1 ) direction to urge thespool 53 to the position where closingchamber 46 is connected to the source of pressurized fuel (high pressure) P. - Another
pressure chamber 77 below (below as inFigure 1 ) thespool 53 acts on the on thespool 53 in the upward (upward as inFigure 1 ) direction to urge thespool 53 to the position where closingchamber 46 is connected to the outlet port 18 (drain).Pressure chamber 77 is permanently connected to the source of pressurized fuel P viaduct 17. - A restricted
connection 82, e.g. in the form of a conduit with anorifice 84 that acts as a throttle connectspressure chamber 75 toduct 19 and thus to the tank port 18 (drain). - The restricted connection can be opened and closed by a
ball valve 85 that is connected to a spring biasedsolenoid 88. The spring of theball valve 85 urges the ball valve to its seat. Activation of thesolenoid 88 causes the ball to be lifted from the seat against the action of thespring 89. - A restricted connection, e.g. in the form of a conduit with 83 an
orifice 86 that acts as a throttle connectspressure chamber 75 toduct 17 and thus to thefuel inlet port 16. - The position of
spool 53 is controlled by fuel oil pressure and the balance between theorifices solenoid 88 is activated the valve seat of theball valve 85 is opened andpressure chamber 75 is connected to the outlet port 18 (drain) via theorifice 84. The fuel oil pressure in thepressure chamber 75 will drop because the flow area oforifice 86 is smaller than the flow area oforifice 84. The decrease pressure inpressure chamber 75 will cause thespool 53 to move upwards under influence of the pressure inpressure chamber 77 and closingchamber 46 will be connected toduct 19 and theoutlet port 18 viacontrol conduit 59. Hence, the pressure in closingchamber 46 will drop and the fuel oil pressure in openingchamber 70 acting on effective pressure area A2 will cause thevalve needle 20 to move upwards (lift) and the fuel oil will pass via thevalve seat 22 and thereby to the nozzle holes 35 for injection into a combustion chamber. - When the
solenoid 88 is deactivated, theball valve 85 will return to its seat by the action of thespring 89 and the pressure inpressure chamber 75 will rise by fuel oil passing through theorifice 86 and thespool 53 will start moving downwards since the effective pressure area ofpressure chamber 75 acting onspool 53 is larger than the effective pressure area ofpressure chamber 77 acting onspool 53. When thespool 53 has moved a certain distance,control conduit 59 will be connected toconduit 57 which is in turn connected toduct 17 and thereby to the source of pressurized fuel P. Hence the pressure inpressure chamber 46 will increase and cause thevalve needle 20 to move downwards since effective pressure area A1 is larger than effective pressure A2, until thevalve needle 20 rests on itsseat 22 and stops fuel oil from going through via thevalve seat 22 to the nozzle holes 35. - A
ring chamber 93 below thepiston section 73 is connected toduct 19 via aconduit 95 and hence to the tank port. Thus, no force will act on the annulus area of thepiston section 53. - When there is no fuel oil pressure on the system the
spring 23 will keep thevalve needle 20 engaged with thevalve seat 22. - By providing a pilot valve to control the position of the to the valve needle, the amount of leak fuel, during the time the valve needle has lift is significantly reduced.
- The
spool 53 acts as a 3/2 way valve. - The
solenoid 88 can in an embodiment be connected to anelectronic control unit 50, such as the electronic control unit of the engine. Hence theelectronic control unit 50 determines if thesolenoid 88 is active or not and thereby theelectronic control unit 50 controls the start and end of a fuel injection event. - According to another embodiment the
spool 53 is connected directly to an electronic actuator and then controlled according to the movement of the actuator. -
Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the invention that is essentially identical to the embodiment offigure 1 , except that thevalve needle 20 is not provided with a cut off shaft. The construction of thenozzle 30 and the valve needle is less complicated than in the embodiment ofFigure 1 . However, the sac volume in thenozzle 30 is larger than in the embodiment ofFigure 1 . - The embodiments described above can be combined in a desirable configuration.
- The teaching of this disclosure has numerous advantages. Different embodiments or implementations may yield one or more of the following advantages. It should be noted that this is not an exhaustive list and there may be other advantages which are not described herein. One advantage of the teaching of this disclosure is that it provides for a fuel valve for a large two-stroke diesel engine that allows for precise control of a fuel injection event. It is another advantage of the present fuel valve that it reduces leak oil losses. It is yet another advantage of the of the present fuel valve that it provides for a faster response of the valve needle on control signals.
- Although the teaching of this application has been described in detail for purpose of illustration, it is understood that such detail is solely for that purpose.
- The term "comprising" as used in the claims does not exclude other elements or steps. The term "a" or "an" as used in the claims does not exclude a plurality. The single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several means recited in the claims.
Claims (7)
- An electronically controlled fuel valve (1), said fuel valve comprising:a fuel valve housing (10) and a nozzle (30),a fuel inlet port (16) in said fuel valve housing (10) for connection to a source (P) of high pressure fuel,a tank port (18) for connection to tank,a first duct (17) in the fuel valve housing (10) connecting the fuel inlet port (16) to the nozzle (30),a resiliently biased and axially movable valve needle (20) cooperating with a valve seat (22) and configured to control the flow of fuel from the fuel inlet port (16) to the nozzle (30), whereby lift of the axially movable valve needle (20) allows flow from the fuel inlet port (16) to the nozzle (30),a closing chamber (46) acting on the valve needle (20) with a first effective surface area (A1) and urging the valve needle (20) towards the valve seat (22) when pressurized,an opening chamber (70), pressure in said opening chamber (70) acts on the valve needle (20) with a second effective surface area (A2) and urges the valve needle (20) away from the valve seat (22),a control conduit (59) directly connecting the closing chamber (46) to a valve port of an electronically controlled pilot valve,said electronically controlled pilot valve is provided with a valve port connected to said tank port (18) and with a valve port connected to said fuel inlet port (16),said electronically controlled pilot valve being configured to selectively connect said control conduit (59) to said tank port (18) or to said fuel inlet port (16) for electronically controlling lift of the valve needle (20)wherein:the fuel valve is suitable for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of a large two stroke diesel engine with cross-heads,the valve seat (22) is arranged in in the fuel valve housing (10),the closing chamber (46) is arranged in the valve housing (10),the opening chamber (70) is arranged in the valve housing (10),andsaid first duct (17) connects the fuel inlet port (16) to said opening chamber (70) with said opening chamber (70) being in fluidic connection with said first duct (17) to be pressurized by said source (P) of high pressure fuel.
- A fuel valve (1) according to claim 1, wherein the electronically controlled pilot valve is a spool valve with a spool (73).
- A fuel valve (1) according to claim 2, wherein the spool valve is provided with a first pressure chamber (75) acting on the spool (73) and urging the spool (73) to a position where the control conduit (59) is connected to the fuel inlet port (16).
- A fuel valve (1) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the spool valve is provided with a second pressure chamber (77) acting on the spool (73) and urging the spool (73) to a position where the control conduit (59) is connected to the tank port (18).
- A fuel valve (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first pressure chamber (75) is provided with a throttled connection to the fuel inlet port (16) and with another throttled connection to the tank port (18), with the throttled connection to the tank port (18) being less restricted than the throttled connection to the fuel inlet port (16) and wherein the fuel valve (1) further comprises an electrically controlled solenoid valve (50) for opening and closing the throttled connection to the tank port (16).
- A fuel valve (1) according to claim 1, wherein the solenoid valve is a solenoid controlled ball valve.
- A fuel valve (1) according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle (30) is a nozzle (30) with an axial bore (33) and a closed front and the valve needle (20) moves in unison with a cut-off shaft (40) that is received axially displaceable in the axial bore (33) in the nozzle (20) for opening and closing the nozzle holes (35).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL18168976T PL3406891T3 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-06-25 | A fuel valve for large turbocharged two stroke diesel engines |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DKPA201100479A DK177456B1 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2011-06-27 | A fuel valve for large turbocharged two stroke diesel engines |
EP12173343.0A EP2541037B1 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-06-25 | A fuel valve for large turbocharged two stroke diesel engines |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12173343.0A Division EP2541037B1 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-06-25 | A fuel valve for large turbocharged two stroke diesel engines |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3406891A1 EP3406891A1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
EP3406891B1 true EP3406891B1 (en) | 2021-11-03 |
Family
ID=46384211
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18168976.1A Active EP3406891B1 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-06-25 | A fuel valve for large turbocharged two stroke diesel engines |
EP12173343.0A Active EP2541037B1 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-06-25 | A fuel valve for large turbocharged two stroke diesel engines |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12173343.0A Active EP2541037B1 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-06-25 | A fuel valve for large turbocharged two stroke diesel engines |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP3406891B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5526194B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101407811B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102852686B (en) |
DK (1) | DK177456B1 (en) |
PL (2) | PL2541037T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK178149B1 (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2015-06-29 | Man Diesel & Turbo Deutschland | A Fuel Valve for Pilot Oil Injection and for Injecting Gaseous Fuel into the Combustion Chamber of a Self-Igniting Internal Combustion Engine |
DK178692B1 (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2016-11-21 | Man Diesel & Turbo Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se Tyskland | A fuel valve for a large two-stroke self-igniting internal combustion engine |
US10450992B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2019-10-22 | Stanadyne Llc | GDI pump with direct injection and port injection |
EP3483420B1 (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2020-06-17 | Winterthur Gas & Diesel AG | Large diesel engine and fuel injection nozzle and fuel injection method for a large diesel engine |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1382837A2 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-01-21 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injector with directly controlled highly efficient nozzle assembly and fuel system using same |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19815918A1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-21 | Man B & W Diesel As | Fuel injector |
JP4048699B2 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2008-02-20 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection valve |
DE10026642A1 (en) * | 2000-05-29 | 2001-12-13 | Siemens Ag | Fuel injection valve e.g. for Diesel engines etc. has second valve in working chamber intake, in valves operated synchronously so that one is open and other is shut |
DK176143B1 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2006-09-25 | Man B & W Diesel As | A fuel valve |
DE10053903A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Stroke and pressure controlled injector with double slide |
DE10113028A1 (en) * | 2001-03-17 | 2002-09-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | 3/2-way valve for controlling fuel injection in common-rail injection system of internal combustion engine has valve seats between first and second control pistons and housing |
JP3945318B2 (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2007-07-18 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection nozzle |
DE102004017304A1 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-10-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Servo valve controlled fuel injector |
JP2006257874A (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2006-09-28 | Denso Corp | Injector |
CN100368679C (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2008-02-13 | 株式会社电装 | Injector having structure for controlling nozzle needle |
JP4305394B2 (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2009-07-29 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection device for internal combustion engine |
US20070095934A1 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-05-03 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation | Horizontal spool for direct needle closing |
DE102005060552B4 (en) * | 2005-12-17 | 2009-06-10 | Man Diesel Se | Injection device for fuel engines |
WO2007106510A2 (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-09-20 | Sturman Industries, Inc. | Direct needle control fuel injectors and methods |
WO2008071187A1 (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-19 | Man Diesel A/S | A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine |
JP2008175178A (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2008-07-31 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel injection control device for internal combustion engine |
JP4674603B2 (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2011-04-20 | 株式会社デンソー | Injector |
-
2011
- 2011-06-27 DK DKPA201100479A patent/DK177456B1/en active
-
2012
- 2012-06-15 JP JP2012135438A patent/JP5526194B2/en active Active
- 2012-06-22 KR KR1020120067306A patent/KR101407811B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-06-25 PL PL12173343T patent/PL2541037T3/en unknown
- 2012-06-25 EP EP18168976.1A patent/EP3406891B1/en active Active
- 2012-06-25 EP EP12173343.0A patent/EP2541037B1/en active Active
- 2012-06-25 PL PL18168976T patent/PL3406891T3/en unknown
- 2012-06-27 CN CN201210218518.3A patent/CN102852686B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1382837A2 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-01-21 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injector with directly controlled highly efficient nozzle assembly and fuel system using same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2541037B1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
CN102852686B (en) | 2015-12-16 |
KR101407811B1 (en) | 2014-06-17 |
EP3406891A1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
EP2541037A2 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
JP5526194B2 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2541037A3 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
JP2013011274A (en) | 2013-01-17 |
DK201100479A (en) | 2012-12-28 |
PL2541037T3 (en) | 2018-07-31 |
KR20130001685A (en) | 2013-01-04 |
CN102852686A (en) | 2013-01-02 |
PL3406891T3 (en) | 2022-02-21 |
DK177456B1 (en) | 2013-06-17 |
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