EP3395118A1 - Équilibrage de charge assisté de dispositif à dispositif (d2d, device to device) et déclenchement de transfert - Google Patents

Équilibrage de charge assisté de dispositif à dispositif (d2d, device to device) et déclenchement de transfert

Info

Publication number
EP3395118A1
EP3395118A1 EP16722593.7A EP16722593A EP3395118A1 EP 3395118 A1 EP3395118 A1 EP 3395118A1 EP 16722593 A EP16722593 A EP 16722593A EP 3395118 A1 EP3395118 A1 EP 3395118A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cell
performance
terminal
information
trigger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16722593.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ajith Kumar P R
Parijat BHATTACHARJEE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy
Original Assignee
Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy filed Critical Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy
Publication of EP3395118A1 publication Critical patent/EP3395118A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/22—Performing reselection for specific purposes for handling the traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/0085—Hand-off measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/03—Reselecting a link using a direct mode connection
    • H04W36/033—Reselecting a link using a direct mode connection in pre-organised networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/34—Reselection control
    • H04W36/36—Reselection control by user or terminal equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/23—Manipulation of direct-mode connections

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus, a method, and a computer program product related to handover. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus, a method, and a computer program product related to U E assisted handover.
  • LTE Advanced (5G) brings D2D functionality for Public Safety and Commercial communication.
  • D2D communication two devices can directly exchange data under the control of network, without transmitting the data via the network.
  • This new type of communication enables many new opportunities for improving already existing mechanisms in LTE, such as load balancing.
  • load-balancing is meant to deliver the extra gain in terms of network performance.
  • LB achieves the extra gain by adjusting the network control parameters in such a way that overloaded cells can offload the excess traffic to low-loaded adjacent cells, whenever available.
  • high load fluctuations occurs and they are usually accounted for by over-dimensioning the network during planning phase.
  • a SON enabled network where the proposed SON algorithm monitors the network and reacts to these peaks in load, can achieve better performance by distributing the load among neighbouring cells.
  • load balancing can be conducted to alleviate and even avoid this problem.
  • load balancing There has been a lot of research done on load balancing, which can be classified into two categories: block probability-triggered load balancing, and utility based load balancing.
  • the overhead is low because the load balancing is triggered only when the block probability is larger than a certain threshold.
  • the overall block probability is not minimized.
  • the second category i.e., utility-based load balancing schemes
  • the performance is better because the load balance and throughput are considered in both cell selection and handover phases.
  • the overhead is heavy, because the load of each cell has to be exchanged instantaneously.
  • an apparatus comprising estimating means adapted to estimate a potential performance based on information received from a terminal, wherein the information comprises at least an indication that the terminal is served by a first cell, and the potential performance indicates a performance of the apparatus to be expected if the apparatus were served by the first cell; checking means adapted to check if the potential performance is preferred over an actual performance of the apparatus; triggering means adapted to provide, to a second cell serving the apparatus, a trigger for a handover to the first cell if the potential performance is preferred over the actual performance.
  • the apparatus may further comprise verifying means adapted to verify if the first cell is the same as the second cell; preventing means adapted to prevent the triggering means from providing the trigger if the first cell is the same as the second cell.
  • the information may be received from the terminal in a device-to-device communication.
  • the information received from the terminal may comprise one or more parameters comprising at least one of a signal to interference and noise ratio, a throughput, a delay, a scheduling opportunity, a call drop rate, an error rate, a reference signal received power, a total received power, a block error rate, a packet segmentation, a roundtrip time, a resource block utilization, and a buffer status.
  • the performance may be a throughput, and the potential performance may be preferred over the actual performance if the potential performance is larger than the actual performance.
  • the information received from the terminal may comprise a throughput of the terminal and a reference signal received power of the first cell; the estimating means may be adapted to estimate the potential performance as a product of the throughput of the terminal and a ratio of a reference signal received power of the first cell measured by the apparatus and the reference signal received power of the first cell comprised in the received information.
  • the apparatus may further comprise inhibiting means adapted to inhibit the triggering means from providing the trigger if the potential performance is not larger than the actual performance by at least one of a predetermined factor and a predetermined difference.
  • the performance may be at least one of a delay, a call drop rate, an error rate, a block error rate, and a roundtrip time, and the potential performance may be preferred over the actual performance if the potential performance is smaller than the actual performance.
  • the apparatus may further comprise inhibiting means adapted to inhibit the triggering means from providing the trigger if the potential performance is not smaller than the actual performance by at least one of a predetermined factor and a predetermined difference.
  • an apparatus comprising informing means adapted to provide, to a terminal, an identification of a first cell serving the apparatus and an information about one or more parameters, wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a signal to interference and noise ratio, a throughput, a delay, a scheduling opportunity, a call drop rate, an error rate, a reference signal received power, a total received power, a block error rate, a packet segmentation, a roundtrip time, a resource block utilization, and a buffer status, and the one or more parameters are based on at least one measurement performed by the apparatus.
  • the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a signal to interference and noise ratio, a throughput, a delay, a scheduling opportunity, a call drop rate, an error rate, a reference signal received power, a total received power, a block error rate, a packet segmentation, a roundtrip time, a resource block utilization, and a buffer status, and the one or more parameters are based on at least one measurement performed by the apparatus.
  • the informing means may be adapted to provide the identification of the cell and the information about the one or more parameters in a device-to-device communication to the terminal.
  • the apparatus may further comprise verifying means adapted to verify if the first cell is the same as a second cell, wherein an identification is received from the terminal that the terminal is served by the second cell; preventing means adapted to prevent the informing means from informing the terminal if the first cell is the same as the second cell.
  • an apparatus comprising monitoring means adapted to monitor if a trigger for a handover to a base station different from the apparatus is received from a terminal served by the apparatus; initiating means adapted to initiate the handover regardless of any network performance values available at the apparatus if the trigger is received.
  • an apparatus comprising estimating circuitry configured to estimate a potential performance based on information received from a terminal, wherein the information comprises at least an indication that the terminal is served by a first cell, and the potential performance indicates a performance of the apparatus to be expected if the apparatus were served by the first cell; checking circuitry configured to check if the potential performance is preferred over an actual performance of the apparatus; triggering circuitry configured to provide, to a second cell serving the apparatus, a trigger for a handover to the first cell if the potential performance is preferred over the actual performance.
  • the apparatus may further comprise verifying circuitry configured to verify if the first cell the same as the second cell; preventing circuitry configured to prevent the triggering circuitry from providing the trigger if the first cell is the same as the second cell.
  • the information may be received from the terminal in a device-to-device communication.
  • the information received from the terminal may comprise one or more parameters comprising at least one of a signal to interference and noise ratio, a throughput, a delay, a scheduling opportunity, a call drop rate, an error rate, a reference signal received power, a total received power, a block error rate, a packet segmentation, a roundtrip time, a resource block utilization, and a buffer status.
  • the performance may be a throughput, and the potential performance may be preferred over the actual performance if the potential performance is larger than the actual performance.
  • the information received from the terminal may comprise a throughput of the terminal and a reference signal received power of the first cell; the estimating circuitry may be configured to estimate the potential performance as a product of the throughput of the terminal and a ratio of a reference signal received power of the first cell measured by the apparatus and the reference signal received power of the first cell comprised in the received information.
  • the apparatus may further comprise inhibiting circuitry configured to inhibit the triggering circuitry from providing the trigger if the potential performance is not larger than the actual performance by at least one of a predetermined factor and a predetermined difference.
  • the performance may be at least one of a delay, a call drop rate, an error rate, a block error rate, and a roundtrip time, and the potential performance may be preferred over the actual performance if the potential performance is smaller than the actual performance.
  • the apparatus may further comprise inhibiting circuitry configured to inhibit the triggering circuitry from providing the trigger if the potential performance is not smaller than the actual performance by at least one of a predetermined factor and a predetermined difference.
  • an apparatus comprising informing circuitry configured to provide, to a terminal, an identification of a first cell serving the apparatus and an information about one or more parameters, wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a signal to interference and noise ratio, a throughput, a delay, a scheduling opportunity, a call drop rate, an error rate, a reference signal received power, a total received power, a block error rate, a packet segmentation, a roundtrip time, a resource block utilization, and a buffer status, and the one or more parameters are based on at least one measurement performed by the apparatus.
  • the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a signal to interference and noise ratio, a throughput, a delay, a scheduling opportunity, a call drop rate, an error rate, a reference signal received power, a total received power, a block error rate, a packet segmentation, a roundtrip time, a resource block utilization, and a buffer status, and the one or more parameters are based on at least one measurement performed by the apparatus.
  • the informing circuitry may be configured to provide the identification of the cell and the information about the one or more parameters in a device-to-device communication to the terminal.
  • the apparatus may further comprise verifying circuitry configured to verify if the first cell is the same as a second cell, wherein an identification is received from the terminal that the terminal is served by the second cell; preventing circuitry configured to prevent the informing circuitry from informing the terminal if the first cell is the same as the second cell.
  • verifying circuitry configured to verify if the first cell is the same as a second cell, wherein an identification is received from the terminal that the terminal is served by the second cell
  • preventing circuitry configured to prevent the informing circuitry from informing the terminal if the first cell is the same as the second cell.
  • a method comprising estimating a potential performance based on information received from a terminal, wherein the information comprises at least an indication that the terminal is served by a first cell, and the potential performance indicates a performance of an apparatus performing the method to be expected if the apparatus were served by the first cell;
  • the method may further comprise verifying if the first cell is the same as the second cell; preventing the providing of the trigger if the first cell is the same as the second cell.
  • the information may be received from the terminal in a device-to-device communication.
  • the information received from the terminal may comprise one or more parameters comprising at least one of a signal to interference and noise ratio, a throughput, a delay, a scheduling opportunity, a call drop rate, an error rate, a reference signal received power, a total received power, a block error rate, a packet segmentation, a roundtrip time, a resource block utilization, and a buffer status.
  • the performance may be a throughput, and the potential performance may be preferred over the actual performance if the potential performance is larger than the actual performance.
  • the information received from the terminal may comprise a throughput of the terminal and a reference signal received power of the first cell; the potential performance may be estimated as a product of the throughput of the terminal and a ratio of a reference signal received power of the first cell measured by the apparatus and the reference signal received power of the first cell comprised in the received information.
  • the method may further comprise inhibiting the providing of the trigger if the potential performance is not larger than the actual performance by at least one of a predetermined factor and a predetermined difference.
  • the performance may be at least one of a delay, a call drop rate, an error rate, a block error rate, and a roundtrip time, and the potential performance may be preferred over the actual performance if the potential performance is smaller than the actual performance.
  • the method may further comprise inhibiting the providing of the trigger if the potential performance is not smaller than the actual performance by at least one of a predetermined factor and a predetermined difference.
  • a method comprising providing, to a terminal, an identification of a first cell serving an apparatus performing the method and an information about one or more parameters, wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a signal to interference and noise ratio, a throughput, a delay, a scheduling opportunity, a call drop rate, an error rate, a reference signal received power, a total received power, a block error rate, a packet segmentation, a roundtrip time, a resource block utilization, and a buffer status, and the one or more parameters are based on at least one measurement performed by the apparatus.
  • the identification of the cell and the information about the one or more parameters may be provided in a device-to-device communication to the terminal.
  • the method may further comprise verifying if the first cell is the same as a second cell, wherein an identification is received from the terminal that the terminal is served by the second cell; preventing the informing of the terminal if the first cell is the same as the second cell.
  • a ninth aspect of the invention there is provided a method, comprising monitoring if a trigger for a handover to a base station different from an apparatus performing the method is received from a terminal served by the apparatus; initiating the handover regardless of any network performance values available at the apparatus if the trigger is received.
  • the method according to each of the seventh to ninth aspects may be a method for triggering handover.
  • a computer program product comprising a set of instructions which, when executed on an apparatus, is configured to cause the apparatus to carry out the method according to any of the seventh to ninth aspects.
  • the computer program product may be embodied as a computer readable medium or directly loadable into a computer.
  • an apparatus comprising at least one processor, at least one memory including computer program code, and the at least one processor, with the at least one memory and the computer program code, being arranged to cause the apparatus to at least perform at least one of the methods according to any of the seventh to ninth aspects.
  • the UE can understand its own radio environment better and faster than any estimate of it made by a base station
  • HOs are triggered when current UE conditions are sub- optimal.
  • the opportunistic mechanism according to the invention allows UE to trigger a HO even when current conditions are optimal, in order to increase at least one of throughput, delay, call drop rate, error rate, block error rate and roundtrip time.
  • the network is evolving towards a distributed architecture - this is a step in that direction where the UE can decide whether to request a HO and to which target BS - this reduces BS signalling, processing and X2 load:
  • Network initiated HO needs a reconfiguration of the HO_offset parameters so that the U E can trigger a HO to the target cell. This signalling can be avoided if the UE takes the decision directly; 7. An additional HO trigger is provided on top of the conventional ones; and
  • a new technology (D2D communication as defined by LTE) or a technology outside LTE is used to improve an existing feature (HO).
  • Fig. 1 shows a method according to an example embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a method according to an example embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 5 shows a method according to an example embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 6 shows an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 7 shows a method according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 8 shows an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • a cell In a cellular network it may happen that a cell is heavily loaded, whereas a neighbor cell may be relatively lightly loaded. From the network operator point of view, it is desirable to move the edge users from the heavily loaded cells to the lightly loaded cell to improve the user performance of the heavily loaded cell. Conventionally, for forcing users connected to heavily loaded cell to a lightly loaded cell there is a need of co-ordination between base stations and exchange of load information between the base stations. Alternate or better ways of load balancing between cells would be useful.
  • the D2D communication between two UEs is used for computing the network load by at least one of the UEs, in order to trigger device assisted procedures for network load balancing if needed.
  • the cell size is expected to be reduced. These cells are called small cells and may be in the order of 10s of meters. So, in such a network most of the devices in neighbouring cells are potential proximity devices (i.e. devices in a distance allowing for D2D communication, also called “proximate"), because the maximum distance between two D2D devices still allowing D2D communication may be up to 250m.
  • D2D is expected to be a standard feature. Thus, most of the devices will be supporting D2D direct communication as part of standard.
  • the invention is not restricted to 5G or to a certain size of the cells.
  • the cells sizes are of the order of about 100m.
  • some UEs served by another (preferably neighbouring) cell may be proximal to a UE served by a first cell.
  • a UE at the edge of a macro cell size in the order of kilometres
  • a second UE served by a second cell may use the information on network load received from a first UE served by a first cell to estimate a potential performance if the second UE were served by the first cell. If there is a considerable performance gain, the second UE triggers a handover from the second cell to the first cell.
  • a considerable performance gain may be expected if the difference of the potential performance and the actual performance is larger than a predefined threshold if a larger value of the performance is preferred (preferably the threshold is positive in this case), or if the difference of the potential performance and the actual performance is smaller than a predefined threshold if a smaller value of the performance is preferred (preferably the threshold is negative in this case).
  • the ratio of the potential performance and the actual performance may be considered.
  • a considerable performance gain may be expected if the ratio is larger than 1 (if a larger value of the performance is expected) or smaller than 1 (if a smaller value of the performance is preferred).
  • a factor threshold different from 1 is applied.
  • the handover mechanism as such may be conventional. Note that application
  • Triggering a handover means a request to the network to attempt to perform a handover. Performing the handover (or attempting to perform the handover, if the handover is not successful) starts by “initiating the handover”.
  • both UE and network can “trigger a handover", while only the network can “initiate the handover” based on a trigger from UE or network.
  • the second cell receiving the trigger of a handover will not check parameters which are taken into account for a network initiated handover for initiating the handover. I.e., the network considers that the trigger provided by the UE is reliable to ensure a successful handover to the first cell with a high probability.
  • UE1 2001 and UE2 2002 may be at the respective cell edge of their cell.
  • eNB 1002 may be eNBs.
  • serving is indicated by a dashed line.
  • the UEs 2001 , 2002 exchange load metrics 1500 (in general: information, based on which a load in the serving cell may be estimated) with its peer UE such as SINR from the serving cell and average data throughput from the serving cell.
  • load metrics 1500 in general: information, based on which a load in the serving cell may be estimated
  • peer UE such as SINR from the serving cell and average data throughput from the serving cell.
  • the exchange of the load metrics 1500 is indicated by a solid arrow.
  • the load metrics 1500 may be exchanged by D2D communication.
  • At least one of the UEs then computes the expected throughput under the assumption that it makes a handover from its serving cell (cell 2 of eNB2 1002) to the other cell (cell 1 of eNB1 1001 ). For this computation, UE2 2002 uses the load information received from UE1 2001 of cell 1. If there is a significant throughput gain expected from being served by the neighboring cell (cell 1 of eNB1 1001 ) then UE2 2002 (i.e., the UE with lower average throughput) triggers a HO to the neighboring cell, i.e. to cell 1 of eNB 1001. If the handover is successful, UE2 2002 is then served by eNB 1 1001 (see bottom part of Fig. 1 ). UE1 2001 and UE2 2002 may or may not maintain their D2D
  • - UE1 2001 is served by BS1 1001 and measures RSRP (UE1 , BS1 ) and throughput X (UE1 , BS1 ).
  • UE2 2002 is served by BS2 1002 and measures throughput X (UE2, BS2). In addition, it measures RSRP (UE2, BS1 ), i.e. the power of the reference signal of BS1 1001 , which does not serve UE2 2002.
  • UE2 2002 may measure RSRP (UE2, BS1 ) because cell 1 and cell 2 are close to each other (e.g. neighbours). Furthermore, UE2 2002 may measure RSRP (UE2, BS2).
  • UE1 2001 provides RSRP (UE1 , BS1 ) and throughput X (UE1 , BS1 ) to UE2 2002 using the D2D communication.
  • UE2 2002 may check if X (UE2, BS2) is considerably smaller than X (UE1 , BS1 ). If his is not the case, the method may stop.
  • the potential throughput (estimated throughput) Xest may be calculated as:
  • Xest X (UE1 , BS1 ) * RSRP (UE2, BS1 ) / RSRP (UE1 , BS1 )
  • - UE2 2002 compares the potential throughput Xest with its actual throughput X (UE2, BS2). If a significant gain is to be expected from a handover from BS2 1002 to BS1 1001 (e.g. Xest / X (UE2, BS2) > k with k being a predefined factor > 1 ), UE2 2002 will trigger BS2 1002 to initiate handover to BS1 1001 .
  • the metrics exchanged between the D2D UEs of two cells is not limited to average throughput.
  • the UEs may exchange different metrics, e.g. depending on the QoS and service type that may be used for the load estimation of the target cell irrespective of the traffic nature of the UE. This may be relevant e.g. in a case where one UE performs a service requiring low throughput (e.g. VoIP) while the other performs a service with high troughput (e.g. MBB).
  • the metric here may include both physical and higher layer metrics.
  • the physical layer metric may include, but not limited to, RSSI, interference fluctuations, SINR, FER, RB usage.
  • the higher layer metrics may include, but not limited to, block error rates, RLC packet segmentation percentage, packet error rate at the application layer, RTT.
  • the UE irrespective of the UE's QoS class, the UE measures the RB usage in a network and passes that information to the other UE.
  • a UE can determine its RB allocation via the scheduling grant send by physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). Any RBs which are not allocated to the UE may be either not scheduled or scheduled to other UEs.
  • the information on number of RBs allocated in the serving cell is passed to the other UE. By determining how many RBs are being used or scheduled of the total possible RBs available from the target cell, a UE can estimate the total load on the target cell.
  • the UE may measure the total received power (in terms of RSSI) on a per RB basis. For each RB it computes the SINR for the feedback to eNB for enabling frequency selective scheduling (FSS). Thus the UE is able to determine whether an RB is allocated by the cell to transmit data to another UE or not.
  • the UE irrespective of its QoS class, may estimate the percent of RB usage in a cell and pass this information to the other UE which is D2D paired. If this percentage is lower in the other cell than its own cell then the UE may trigger a handover.
  • the UE may perform the load estimation by the reported buffer status to the eNB along with the data rate at which the UE is scheduled by the eNB. An estimate of average buffer status over a period of time can be used in the case of non-full-buffer users.
  • the UE's reported buffer size and the corresponding grants from eNB may be communicated via the D2D link to the other D2D UE.
  • the other D2D UE can compare these values with its own buffer status report and the grants from it's serving eNB. An estimation and comparison of the load of the target cell may be made using these parameters.
  • the RLC layer metrics may also be used. If the load is high, the RLC segments packets to small sizes and transmits them over multiple TTIs. Hence, in these embodiments, the number and size of packet
  • segmentations done may give an estimation of approximate load.
  • a D2D UE may pass these information to its D2D pair on the other cell to make a comparison of load of the target cell with respective the UE's serving cell.
  • the UE may use the round trip time (RTT) of transmissions or the application layer packet error rate. If these two parameters are high then the related load in the cell may be high. Hence, in some embodiments of the invention, this metric may be provided from one UE to the other UE via D2D link.
  • RTT round trip time
  • one UE may have one type of traffic and another UE may have another type of traffic.
  • the other UE can estimate the load in the target cell and can make decision based on the RF conditions.
  • the handover trigger from UE2 2002 may be added to the existing list of UE handover triggers in the 3GPP standard documents.
  • Fig. 2 shows an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus may be a terminal such as a UE, or an element thereof.
  • Fig. 3 shows a method according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus according to Fig. 2 may perform the method of Fig. 3 but is not limited to this method.
  • the method of Fig. 3 may be performed by the apparatus of Fig. 2 but is not limited to being performed by this apparatus.
  • the apparatus comprises estimating means 10, checking means 20, and triggering means 30.
  • the estimating means 10, checking means 20, and triggering means 30 may be an estimating circuitry, a checking circuitry, and a triggering circuitry, respectively.
  • the estimating means 10 estimates a potential performance (S10).
  • the estimation is based on information (load information) received from a terminal.
  • the information comprises an indication that the terminal is served by a first cell.
  • the potential is a potential performance (S10).
  • the estimation is based on information (load information) received from a terminal.
  • the information comprises an indication that the terminal is served by a first cell.
  • performance indicates a performance of the apparatus to be expected if the apparatus were served by the first cell although the apparatus is actually served by a second cell (i.e., an estimated performance).
  • the checking means 20 checks if the potential performance is preferred over an actual performance of the apparatus (S20). Depending on the actual parameter represented by the "performance", the potential performance may be preferred if it is higher than the actual performance (e.g. in case the performance is throughput), or the potential performance may be preferred if it is smaller than the actual performance (e.g. in case the performance is at least one of a delay, a call drop rate, an error rate, a block error rate, and a roundtrip time). Preferably, in the former case, the checking means checks if the potential performance is significantly larger than an actual performance of the apparatus. “Significantly larger” means, as non-limiting examples, larger by a predetermined factor (>1 ) or by a
  • predetermined difference >0
  • the checking means checks if the potential performance is significantly smaller than an actual performance of the apparatus.
  • "Significantly smaller” means, as non- limiting examples, smaller by a predetermined factor ( ⁇ 1 ) or by a predetermined difference ( ⁇ 0), depending on if the comparison is made on a ratio or a difference of the potential performance and the actual performance.
  • the triggering means 30 provides, to the second cell serving the apparatus, a trigger for a handover to the first cell (S30).
  • Fig. 4 shows an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus may be a terminal such as a UE, or an element thereof.
  • Fig. 5 shows a method according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus according to Fig. 4 may perform the method of Fig. 5 but is not limited to this method.
  • the method of Fig. 5 may be performed by the apparatus of Fig. 4 but is not limited to being performed by this apparatus.
  • the apparatus comprises informing means 1 10.
  • the informing means 1 10 may be an informing circuitry.
  • the informing means 1 10 provides, to a terminal, an identification of a first cell serving the apparatus (S1 10).
  • the informing means provides, to the terminal, information about a load in the cell serving the apparatus (S1 10).
  • the information may comprise one or more parameters, wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a signal to interference and noise ratio, a throughput, a delay, a scheduling opportunity, a call drop rate, an error rate, a reference signal received power, a total received power, a block error rate, a packet segmentation, a roundtrip time, a resource block utilization, and a buffer status, and the one or more parameters are based on at least one measurement performed by the apparatus.
  • the identification and the information are transmitted by a D2D communication.
  • Fig. 6 shows an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus may be a base station such as a NodeB or eNodeB, or an element thereof.
  • Fig. 7 shows a method according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus according to Fig. 6 may perform the method of Fig. 7 but is not limited to this method.
  • the method of Fig. 7 may be performed by the apparatus of Fig. 6 but is not limited to being performed by this apparatus.
  • the apparatus comprises monitoring means 210 and initiating means 220.
  • the monitoring means 210 and initiating means 220 may be an monitoring circuitry and an initiating circuit, respectively.
  • the monitoring means 210 monitors if a trigger for a handover to a base station different from the apparatus is received from a terminal served by the apparatus (S210).
  • the initiating means 220 initiates the handover regardless of any network performance values available at the apparatus (S220).
  • Fig. 8 shows an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus comprises at least one processor 610, at least one memory 620 including computer program code, and the at least one processor 610, with the at least one memory 620 and the computer program code, being arranged to cause the apparatus to at least perform at least one of the methods according to Figs. 3, 5, and 7 and related description.
  • Embodiments of the invention are described, wherein the information of the load of one cell is provided to a UE in another cell by D2D communication, i.e. without transmitting this information via the network.
  • the information of the load may be transmitted fully or partly via the network.
  • the decision on HO may be met by the UE such that the probability of a successful handover is higher than in a case where the network meets the decision on HO.
  • a D2D communication over a wireless radio link different from that defined by LTE may be employed.
  • communications may be based on Bluetooth, NFC, WiFi Direct, and WiMax.
  • the network may discard a trigger for a "handover" from one cell to the same cell.
  • a check is made whether or not the cells of the involved UEs are different, it may be prevented to provide the trigger for handover if the cells are the same.
  • one may prevent one or both of estimating the expected performance and checking if the expected performance is considerably higher than the actual performance.
  • the UEs may exchange the information on the load e.g. on a regular basis, or one UE may provide the information upon request of another U E. E.g., the one U E may issue such a request if its actual performance is lower than a certain threshold, wherein the certain threshold is preferably higher than a corresponding threshold for a network initiated handover.
  • one UE may evaluate the load information from more than one UE of a same cell. Thus, it gets more significant information on the load in the other cell. E.g., in some of these embodiments, it may trigger a handover if its actual performance is significantly worse than the lowest expected performance respectively obtained from the more than one UE. In some of these embodiments, it may trigger a handover if its actual performance is significantly worse than the average expected performance obtained from averaging the expected performances obtained from the load information from the more than one UE.
  • Embodiments of the invention are described where the two cells serving the UEs are neighbors. However, the invention is not limited to neighboring cells. If the load
  • D2D communication it is sufficient that the involved UEs are proximate to each other (i.e., close enough to set up the D2D
  • the UE should preferably take into account the relative signal strengths from both cells (see the ratio of RSSP values in the example of Fig. 1 ).
  • the cells may be neighboring or not.
  • the cells considered for the handover trigger may be cells of different physical base stations or cells of the same physical base station.
  • base station is used as the logical entity serving one cell.
  • performance metrics may be e.g. one or more of delay, call drop rate, error rate, block error rate, and roundtrip time.
  • performance metrics may be e.g. one or more of delay, call drop rate, error rate, block error rate, and roundtrip time.
  • a lower value of the respective performance metrics is preferred (e.g. in case of delay, call drop rate, error rate, block error rate, and roundtrip time)
  • RSRP ratio RSRP
  • UE1 , BS1 RSRP
  • UE2 BS1 its reciprocal RSRP (UE1 , BS1 ) / RSRP (UE2, BS1 ) may be applied correspondingly.
  • plural performance metrics are optimized, there may be a hierarchy such that a second performance metrics is only optimized if there are plural options to optimize the first performance metrics.
  • a new performance indicator generated based on two or more of the original performance indicators may be optimized.
  • One piece of information may be transmitted in one or plural messages from one entity to another entity. Each of these messages may comprise further (different) pieces of information.
  • Names of network elements, protocols, and methods are based on current standards. I other versions or other technologies, the names of these network elements and/or protocols and/or methods may be different, as long as they provide a corresponding functionality.
  • each of the entities described in the present description may be based on a different hardware, or some or all of the entities may be based on the same hardware. It does not necessarily mean that they are based on different software. That is, each of the entities described in the present description may be based on different software, or some or all of the entities may be based on the same software.
  • Some example embodiments of the invention may be applied to a 3GPP network (e.g. LTE, LTE-A, or a 5G network), as described hereinabove.
  • a 3GPP network e.g. LTE, LTE-A, or a 5G network
  • some example embodiments of the invention may be applied to any kind of network wherein the handover procedure is initiated by the network but terminals may exchange information of network performance.
  • a terminal may be any kind of terminal which may attach to the respective network.
  • a terminal may be a UE, a D2D device, a device of a machine-type communication, a laptop, a smartphone, a mobile phone etc.
  • example embodiments of the present invention provide, for example a terminal such as a UE or a D2D device, or a component thereof, an apparatus embodying the same, a method for controlling and/or operating the same, and computer program(s) controlling and/or operating the same as well as mediums carrying such computer program(s) and forming computer program product(s).
  • example embodiments of the present invention provide, for example a base station such as a NodeB or an eNodeB, or a component thereof, an apparatus embodying the same, a method for controlling and/or operating the same, and computer program(s) controlling and/or operating the same as well as mediums carrying such computer program(s) and forming computer program product(s).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé consistant à estimer une performance potentielle sur la base d'informations reçues en provenance d'un terminal, les informations comprenant au moins une indication que le terminal est desservi par une première cellule, et la performance potentielle indiquant une performance d'un appareil exécutant le procédé à prévoir au cas où l'appareil serait desservi par la première cellule ; à vérifier si la performance potentielle est préférée à une performance réelle du procédé ; à fournir, à une seconde cellule desservant l'appareil, un déclencheur pour un transfert vers la première cellule si la performance potentielle est préférée à la performance réelle.
EP16722593.7A 2015-12-21 2016-05-03 Équilibrage de charge assisté de dispositif à dispositif (d2d, device to device) et déclenchement de transfert Withdrawn EP3395118A1 (fr)

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CN109845363B (zh) * 2017-08-11 2021-03-30 华为技术有限公司 一种路径转换方法及相关设备
EP3804383B1 (fr) * 2018-06-07 2024-02-21 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Attribution de cellule dans réseaux de communications sans fil
CN110035415A (zh) * 2019-04-03 2019-07-19 西安交通大学 一种时延驱动的d2d网络缓存下载方法
US11032735B2 (en) * 2019-08-08 2021-06-08 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Management of overload condition for 5G or other next generation wireless network
EP4014446B1 (fr) * 2019-08-14 2024-05-15 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Techniques de mise en forme de trafic vidéo à débit binaire adaptatif
CN111526255B (zh) * 2020-04-29 2022-02-25 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 语音通话方法、装置、终端及存储介质
US11330451B2 (en) * 2020-07-20 2022-05-10 Vmware, Inc. Service aware closed loop uplink power control optimization

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