EP3381685B1 - Printing machine - Google Patents

Printing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3381685B1
EP3381685B1 EP17163948.7A EP17163948A EP3381685B1 EP 3381685 B1 EP3381685 B1 EP 3381685B1 EP 17163948 A EP17163948 A EP 17163948A EP 3381685 B1 EP3381685 B1 EP 3381685B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
printing
cylinders
substrate
printing machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17163948.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3381685A1 (en
Inventor
Dirk Schreckenbach
Harman VORENKAMP
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mayr Melnhof Karton AG
Original Assignee
Mayr Melnhof Karton AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mayr Melnhof Karton AG filed Critical Mayr Melnhof Karton AG
Priority to EP17163948.7A priority Critical patent/EP3381685B1/en
Priority to PL17163948T priority patent/PL3381685T3/en
Priority to RU2018111023A priority patent/RU2018111023A/en
Publication of EP3381685A1 publication Critical patent/EP3381685A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3381685B1 publication Critical patent/EP3381685B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F19/00—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations
    • B41F19/02—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations with embossing
    • B41F19/06—Printing and embossing between a negative and a positive forme after inking and wiping the negative forme; Printing from an ink band treated with colour or "gold"
    • B41F19/062—Presses of the rotary type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F11/00—Rotary presses or machines having forme cylinders carrying a plurality of printing surfaces, or for performing letterpress, lithographic, or intaglio processes selectively or in combination
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/0008—Driving devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2213/00—Arrangements for actuating or driving printing presses; Auxiliary devices or processes
    • B41P2213/70—Driving devices associated with particular installations or situations
    • B41P2213/73—Driving devices for multicolour presses
    • B41P2213/734—Driving devices for multicolour presses each printing unit being driven by its own electric motor, i.e. electric shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/425—Marking by deformation, e.g. embossing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a printing machine, in particular for imaging a substrate such as a web, in particular a paper web.
  • the DE 10 2009 045 679 B4 discloses a method for controlling a drive of at least one rotary body of a printing machine to be driven in register, the rotary body to be driven in register being driven in rotation by a drive motor via a drive train and / or in a drive system.
  • the DE 10 2007 021 787 B4 a method for controlling a printing machine can be seen as known, with a transport device for workpieces, with a gravure roller and with an application roller as well as with their drives and controls and with sensors and measuring devices, whereby a sensor in the inlet of the printing machine detects the leading edge of an incoming workpiece and the angle of rotation of the engraved roller and / or the applicator roller is synchronized to the position of the first contact of the applicator roller with the front edge of the workpiece.
  • a printing machine is known, with a flexographic printing module which is designed to vary movements and tensions of a web substrate.
  • a gravure module is provided which is designed to vary movements and tensions of the web substrate.
  • the U.S. 5,116,548 A discloses a method for continuously casting multiple copies of a surface relief microstructure onto an elongated flexible substrate.
  • the EP 2 902 201 A2 a device for producing a structured surface on a printing material can be found as known.
  • DE 10 2013 015 277 A1 a device for orienting magnetically orientable particles in a color.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a printing machine by means of which at least one substrate such as a web, in particular a paper web, can be particularly advantageously illustrated, in particular printed.
  • the printing press comprises at least one first cylinder, designed as a gravure cylinder for performing a gravure printing process, for applying at least one printing layer to a substrate such as a web, in particular a paper web, the substrate being pliable or unstable, for example.
  • the first cylinder is designed as a gravure cylinder, by means of which a gravure printing process can be carried out.
  • the at least one printing layer can be applied to the substrate by means of the first cylinder.
  • the printing press further comprises at least one second cylinder configured to carry out an imaging process different from a gravure printing process for imaging at least a partial area of at least one printing layer applied to the substrate.
  • At least one on the substrate applied printing layer, which or its partial area is to be imaged by means of the second cylinder, is for example the aforementioned, at least one printing layer which is or was applied to the substrate by means of the first cylinder.
  • the feature that the second cylinder is designed to carry out an imaging process different from a gravure printing process is to be understood in particular that the imaging process that can be or is carried out by means of the second cylinder is not a gravure printing process.
  • the printing press according to the invention further comprises a printing stand common to the cylinders, on which the cylinders are at least rotatably mounted.
  • the printing press according to the invention comprises an electronic computing device which is designed to drive the cylinders in register as a function of a virtual master axis.
  • the cylinders, which are at least rotatably mounted on the common printing stand are in register by means of the electronic computing device depending on the aforementioned virtual guide axis driven and thus controlled or regulated.
  • the cylinders can be adjusted relative to one another in the radial direction of the respective cylinder.
  • at least one of the cylinders is adjustable, that is to say movable, in the radial direction of one cylinder relative to the other cylinder and, in particular, relative to the printing stand.
  • one of the cylinders, in particular the second cylinder is adjustable, in particular displaceable, relative to the other cylinder, in particular the first cylinder, in the radial direction of the one cylinder and at the same time horizontally.
  • the other cylinder for example, remains fixed, that is to say in particular stationary.
  • one cylinder is displaced horizontally and in particular in the radial direction of one cylinder relative to the other cylinder and in particular relative to the pressure column
  • the other cylinder for example, remains fixed, that is to say in particular stationary.
  • one cylinder is displaced horizontally and in particular in the radial direction of one cylinder relative to the other cylinder and in particular relative to the pressure column
  • the other cylinder for example, remains fixed, that is to say in particular stationary.
  • the virtual master axis means that the cylinders are not or not only mechanically coupled to one another and thus not or not only mechanically synchronized with one another, but rather the cylinders are, for example, mechanically decoupled and are synchronized in terms of control or regulation by means of the electronic computing device.
  • a vertical shaft can be omitted, so that, for example, a vertical shaft for mechanically coupling and synchronizing the cylinders can be omitted, thereby creating a mechanical connection between the cylinders, for example to dissolve or to avoid.
  • the virtual master axis is implemented in particular in that the cylinders are assigned individual drives for driving the cylinders, the individual drives being coupled or synchronized with one another via the virtual master axis and thus in terms of control or regulation, but not physically or mechanically. This is done, for example, by a position control that is carried out by means of the electronic computing device.
  • the individual drives contain, for example, from the position control or from a motion control, in particular at least substantially simultaneously, current positions of the master axis as position setpoints.
  • the drives receive the setpoint position values, for example, via a bus system designed in particular as a real-time bus system.
  • the electronic computing device transmits, for example, electrical signals which characterize or include the respective nominal position values.
  • the individual drives receive the signals and thus the position setpoints and move the cylinders, for example, in a controlled manner, to actual positions that preferably correspond to the position setpoints or deviate only slightly from the position setpoints, for example due to technical control inaccuracies.
  • the cylinders which are designed, for example, as printing cylinders and used in a printing process, work absolutely, i.e. 100 percent angle-synchronously, so that they are controlled or regulated via just one register control point, for example which can save costs compared to conventional printing machines. Furthermore, for example, an operating or handling effort is simplified for a person, and in addition, an autonomous adjustment of the first cylinder and / or the second cylinder, in particular with respect to a reference pressure value, can be made possible.
  • the imaging process is in particular a rotary imaging process.
  • the imaging method can in particular comprise a flexographic printing or a flexographic printing method, an embossing or an embossing method, a holography or a holographic method and / or a magnetic alignment.
  • the printing layer which is applied by means of the first cylinder to the substrate, designed for example as a particularly pliable or unstable web or paper web, and / or is imaged by means of the second cylinder, comprises, for example, a liquid such as paint, varnish or the like.
  • the second cylinder is used, for example, to perform flexographic printing or a flexographic printing process.
  • the second cylinder has at least one flexographic plate which, for example, presses slightly into the printing layer in order to at least partially image it.
  • a touch-sensitive imaging process in particular a printing process
  • a contactless imaging process is carried out by means of the second cylinder, in the context of which the second cylinder does not touch the printing layer while the imaging process is being carried out.
  • a particularly advantageous synchronous operation of the cylinders can be implemented in a particularly simple and, in particular, inexpensive manner, without the need for a particularly physically present or mechanical register control.
  • a first drive motor for driving the first cylinder is assigned to the first cylinder.
  • a second drive motor which is different from the first drive motor and is provided in addition to the first drive motor, is assigned to the second cylinder for driving the second cylinder.
  • the respective drive motor is designed, for example, as an electric motor.
  • the drive motors are, for example, the individual drives mentioned above.
  • the electronic computation device is designed to control the drive motors as a function of the virtual master axis and thereby to drive the cylinders in register via the drive motors as a function of the virtual master axis.
  • the cylinders can be synchronized particularly precisely or driven synchronously with one another, so that the substrate can be imaged particularly precisely and thus visually appealing. This precise synchronization of the cylinders can be achieved without mechanical or physical coupling of the cylinders, so that the number of parts and the costs of the printing press can be kept particularly low.
  • the second cylinder is designed to image at least a partial area of the at least one printing layer applied to the substrate by means of the gravure cylinder.
  • the at least one printing layer can be a printing layer that is different from the at least one printing layer.
  • the at least one printing layer is the at least one printing layer.
  • the cylinders can be adjusted relative to one another in the axial direction of the respective cylinder.
  • at least one of the cylinders is adjustable in the axial direction of the one cylinder relative to the other cylinder and, for example, relative to the pressure stand, that is to say movable or displaceable.
  • the cylinders can be adjusted radially and / or axially relative to one another in order to be able to adjust the cylinders particularly precisely. After the cylinders have been adjusted, they assume respective positions or locations, in particular relative to one another, these positions being fixed, in particular by means of the virtual master axis.
  • the cylinders, in particular relative to one another are coupled by means of the virtual master axis, whereby in particular their alignment relative to one another, virtually, that is to say without mechanical or physical register control or coupling device, is fixed and maintained. This allows the costs to be kept particularly low.
  • the second cylinder is designed to at least partially dip into the at least one printing layer and thereby to image at least the partial area of the at least one printing layer by touch.
  • the second cylinder is designed to carry out the imaging process in the form of a touch-sensitive imaging process, whereby a particularly advantageous imaging can be implemented.
  • the second cylinder is designed to image at least the sub-area of the at least one printing layer in a contactless manner with respect to the printing layer, so that the second cylinder does not touch the printing layer in order to image at least the sub-area of the printing layer.
  • the second cylinder is designed to provide magnetic forces and to image at least the partial area of the at least one substrate in a contactless manner by means of the magnetic forces.
  • Another embodiment is characterized in that the second cylinder directly adjoins the first cylinder. This means that, in particular in the direction of travel or movement of the substrate through or along the printing press, no cylinder for imaging and / or for applying a material to the substrate is arranged between the cylinders.
  • the printing press has at least one reference printing unit.
  • the electronic computing device is designed to drive the reference printing unit and the first cylinder as a function of a further virtual master axis that is superordinate to the virtual master axis and to track the second cylinder to the first cylinder.
  • the first virtual master axis is thus a virtual sub-master axis which is subordinate to the further virtual master axis.
  • the further virtual master axis is thus, for example, a virtual main master axis to which the sub master axis is subordinate.
  • the second cylinder is also tracked to the first, a process that is in register and therefore particularly precise results, which can be implemented particularly cost-effectively due to the use of the virtual master axes. Since the virtual master axes are used, mechanical couplings between the cylinders and between the first cylinder and the reference printing unit can be dispensed with, with the aforementioned process in register being implemented virtually, i.e. in terms of control or regulation, using the electronic computing device and the virtual master axes becomes. Since the second cylinder is tracked to the first cylinder by means of the virtual sub-guide axis, particularly precise imaging can be displayed.
  • the single figure of the drawing shows a schematic side view of a printing press according to the invention.
  • the single FIGURE shows, in a schematic side view, a printing press, designated as a whole by 10, for performing a printing process, in the context of which, for example, a substrate 12 is imaged at least in a partial area.
  • the substrate 12 is conveyed along or through the printing machine 10 along a direction of movement which is illustrated in the figure by arrows 14.
  • the substrate is limp or unstable in shape, the substrate 12 being designed, for example, as a web, in particular as a paper web.
  • the substrate 12 is guided and tensioned, for example, by means of respective rollers 16 and 17 of the printing press 10, whereby - as illustrated in the figure by a double arrow 18 - at least one of the rollers 16 and 17 is vertically and / or horizontally adjustable, i.e. movable . In this way, for example, the substrate 12 can be adjusted with regard to its tension.
  • the printing press 10 comprises a first cylinder 20, which is designed as a gravure cylinder for performing a gravure printing process. Furthermore, the first cylinder 20 is designed to apply a material 22 to the substrate 12 in order to thereby form at least one printing layer from the material. Thus, the at least one printing layer made from the material 22 is applied to the substrate 12 by means of the first cylinder 20 (gravure cylinder).
  • the material 22 is, for example, a liquid, the material 22 being in particular a paint or a lacquer.
  • the material 22 is received in a container 24 of the printing press 10, the first cylinder 20 being immersed in the material 22. As a result, some of the material received in the container 24 remains adhering to the cylinder 20, in particular to its outer peripheral surface 26. The material 22 adhering to the outer peripheral surface 26 is transferred to the substrate 12 and consequently remains adhered to the substrate 12.
  • the cylinder 20 touches the substrate 12 or at least the material initially adhering to the outer peripheral surface 26 touches the substrate 12 and is thereby at least partially transferred to the substrate 12 and in particular applied or applied to the substrate 12.
  • the printing press 10 also has a second cylinder 28, which is also referred to, for example, as an image cylinder or imaging cylinder.
  • the second cylinder 28 is designed to carry out an imaging process different from a gravure printing process, in particular a printing process.
  • the at least one printing layer is applied to the substrate 12 by means of the first cylinder 20.
  • at least part of the material 22 initially received in the container 24 is applied to the substrate 12 by means of the cylinder 20, whereby the at least one printing layer is formed from the material 22 applied to the substrate 12.
  • a gravure printing process is carried out by means of the cylinder 20.
  • the second cylinder 28 which directly follows the cylinder 20 in the direction of movement or conveyance of the substrate 12 through the printing press 10, an imaging process different from a gravure printing process is carried out.
  • at least a partial area of at least one printing layer applied to the substrate 12 is imaged by means of the cylinder 28.
  • the at least one printing layer applied to the substrate 12, which is imaged by means of the cylinder 28, is preferably the aforementioned at least one printing layer which is or was applied to the substrate 12 by means of the cylinder 20.
  • the roller 17 is a counter-pressure roller for the second cylinder 28.
  • the second cylinder 28 directly adjoins the first cylinder 20 in the direction of movement of the substrate 12 through the printing press 10, so that there is no further cylinder between the cylinders 20 and 28 in the direction of movement of the substrate 12 through the printing press 10 is provided, by means of which a material is applied to the substrate 12 or a printing layer applied to the substrate 12 is imaged.
  • the at least one printing layer is applied to the substrate 12 in a rotative manner by means of the cylinder 20.
  • the cylinder 20 is rotated about an axis of rotation 30, the axis of rotation 30 running horizontally.
  • the imaging process is carried out by means of the second cylinder 28 as a rotary imaging process.
  • the cylinder 28 is rotated about an axis of rotation 32, the axis of rotation 32 also running horizontally.
  • the axes of rotation 30 and 32 run parallel to one another, but the axes of rotation 30 and 32 are offset or offset from one another.
  • the printing press 10 further comprises a printing stand 33 common to the cylinders 20 and 28, on which the cylinders 20 and 28 are at least rotatably mounted.
  • the cylinders 20 and 28 can thus rotate about the respective axes of rotation 30 and 32 relative to the printing stand 33.
  • an electronic computing device 34 is provided, which is also referred to as a control device.
  • the electronic computing device 34 is designed to drive the cylinders 20 and 28 in register as a function of a virtual master axis 36.
  • the printing press 10 has, for example, at least one reference printing unit 38, shown particularly schematically in the figure.
  • the electronic computing device 34 is designed to drive the reference printing unit 38 and the first cylinder 20 as a function of a further virtual master axis 40 superordinate to the virtual master axis 36 and to drive the second cylinder 28 to the first cylinder 20, in particular as a function of the first virtual master axis 36 to track.
  • the further virtual master axis 40 is, for example, a virtual main master axis which is superordinate to the first virtual master axis 36.
  • the first virtual master axis 36 is therefore a virtual sub-master axis which is used to couple and synchronize the cylinders 20 and 28, in particular virtually and thus for example in terms of regulation or control technology.
  • the substrate 12 can be imaged particularly precisely.
  • the virtual master axes 36 and 40 for example mechanical and thus physically existing couplings can be dispensed with, so that the costs can be kept particularly low.
  • the cylinders 20 and 28 can be driven particularly precisely and, for example, absolutely angle-synchronously.
  • first cylinder 20 is assigned a first drive motor 42, by means of which the first cylinder 20 can be or is driven.
  • a second drive motor 44 which is different from the first drive motor 42 and is provided in addition to the first drive motor 42, is assigned to the second cylinder 28, by means of which the second cylinder 28 can be or is driven.
  • the drive motors 42 and 44 which are designed as electric motors, for example, are controlled by means of the electronic computing device 34 as a function of the virtual sub-master axis (virtual master axis 36), whereby the cylinders 20 and 28 over the drive motors 42 and 44 are synchronized with one another by means of the electronic computing device 34 and are thereby driven in register.
  • the drive motors 42 and 44 are individual drives which are not mechanically, for example, but rather virtually, that is, coupled with one another in terms of control or regulation or signaling, via the virtual master axis 36 and are thereby synchronized.
  • At least one of the cylinders 20 and 28 is assigned, for example, a side motor designed as an electric motor, by means of which the at least one cylinder can be adjusted and thus displaced in the axial direction of the at least one cylinder relative to the other cylinder and in particular relative to the pressure column 33.
  • the so-called page register can be set.
  • the respective drive motor 42 or 44 makes it possible to rotate the respective cylinder 20 or 28, in particular relative to the respective other cylinder 28 or 20, so that the respective cylinder 20 or 28 can be adjusted in its circumferential direction.
  • an angular position of the cylinders 20 and 28 can be set relative to one another, so that the so-called longitudinal register can be set.
  • the longitudinal register and the side register are adjusted by adjusting the cylinders 20 and 28 relative to one another.
  • the cylinders 20 and 28 are driven via the drive motors 42 and 44 in such a way that the set angular position remains fixed, so that the cylinders 20 and 28 are driven in register.
  • the previously set angular position or the previously set longitudinal register is not fixed by a mechanical coupling between the cylinders 20 and 28, but by a signaling coupling in that the drive motors 42 and 44 are driven by the electronic computing device 34 as a function of the virtual master axis 36 , in particular in such a way that the previously set angular position is retained.
  • the substrate 12 has only a short length between the cylinders 20 and 28.
  • the substrate 12 operates as a result of a change in heat, in particular as a result of heating the substrate 12, so that, for example, the substrate 12 changes in tension and / or length.
  • the angular position of the cylinders 20 and 28 is adapted to these changes in tension or length and maintained in the manner described by means of the virtual guide axis 36, so that the printing layer can be applied particularly precisely to the substrate 12 and finally imaged.
  • the drive motor 42 is a master or master drive
  • the drive motor 44 is a slave drive or slave that tracks the master.
  • the cylinders 20 and 28, for example always remain aligned, in particular with regard to their angular position, as previously set or adjusted. If the first cylinder 20 is then rotated or rotated, in particular as a result of changes in length and / or tension of the substrate 12, the second cylinder 28 is likewise rotated or rotated and, in the process, follows the first cylinder 20.
  • the main master axis is a central control point that is superordinate to the sub master axis, in order in particular to drive the first cylinder 20 relative to the reference printing unit 38.
  • a combination of gravure cylinder and additional image cylinder is provided in the printing stand 33, synchronized via the common virtual sub-guide axis for imaging, for example, specially pigmented inks and varnishes used in gravure printing or are applied to the substrate 12 by means of the gravure printing process.
  • the image cylinder can act in a contactless manner or with contact on the substrate 12, which is also referred to as the substrate web. Due to the virtual sub-master axis, after the cylinders 20 and 28 have been synchronized once, the longitudinal register always remains suitable for the reference, and this in a cost-effective manner.
  • the printing press 10 also includes a register sensor 48 by means of which, for example, the imaged print layer is detected. In particular, a position of the imaged partial area can thereby be detected. If the detected position deviates from a desired target position, the cylinders 20 and 28 can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the cylinder 28 for example, horizontally and in its radial direction relative to the roller 17, also referred to as a counter-pressure roller or counter-pressure roller, and in particular relative to the printing stand 33 and, for example, relative to the Cylinder 20 can be adjusted or moved.
  • a horizontal pressure adjustment for diameter compensation in particular when the print format changes, can be implemented.
  • second cylinders 28 with different diameters are used, then the respective second cylinder 28 can be moved away and advanced in the horizontal direction so that, for example, a distance between the axis of rotation 32 and the substrate 12 can be set as required.
  • an automatic register 52 is provided in order to implement block adjustment of cylinders 20 and 28, for example.
  • the cylinders 20 and 28 are adjusted horizontally and / or vertically together, for example, by adjusting the virtual sub-master axis (virtual master axis 36) in the longitudinal register, whereby the cylinders 20 and 28 follow in an angle-synchronous manner.
  • a hand register 54 is also provided, by means of which, for example, manual or autonomous adjustment of the cylinders 20 and 28 can be implemented. It is thus possible, for example, to adjust the cylinder 20 via an operating device 56 of the manual register 54 and the cylinder 28 via an operating device 58 of the manual register 54. In particular, it is thereby possible to adjust the cylinders 20 and 28 relative to one another, in particular in the radial direction or in the horizontal direction and / or in the vertical direction.
  • the cylinder 28 is followed by a drying device 60 through which the substrate 12 provided with the printing layer and imaged is conveyed.
  • the drying device 60 is followed by a further drying device 62 through which, for example, the substrate 12 is conveyed.
  • the substrate 12 or the imaged printing layer is dried by means of the drying devices 60 and 62 in order to fix the images.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Druckmaschine, insbesondere zur Bebilderung eines Substrats wie beispielsweise einer Bahn, insbesondere einer Papierbahn.The invention relates to a printing machine, in particular for imaging a substrate such as a web, in particular a paper web.

Die DE 10 2009 045 679 B4 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Regelung eines Antriebs wenigstens eines registerhaltig anzutreibenden Rotationskörpers einer Druckmaschine, wobei der registerhaltig anzutreibende Rotationskörper durch einen Antriebsmotor über einen Antriebsstrang und/oder in einem Antriebsverbund rotatorisch angetrieben wird.The DE 10 2009 045 679 B4 discloses a method for controlling a drive of at least one rotary body of a printing machine to be driven in register, the rotary body to be driven in register being driven in rotation by a drive motor via a drive train and / or in a drive system.

Der DE 10 2007 021 787 B4 ist ein Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Druckmaschine als bekannt zu entnehmen, mit einer Transportvorrichtung für Werkstücke, mit einer Gravurwalze und mit einer Auftragswalze sowie mit deren Antrieben und Steuerungen und mit Sensoren und Messeinrichtungen, wobei ein Sensor im Einlauf der Druckmaschine die Vorderkante eines einlaufenden Werkstücks detektiert und den Drehwinkel der Gravurwalze und/oder der Auftragswalze bis zum Ort des ersten Kontakts der Auftragswalze mit der Vorderkante des Werkstücks zu dieser synchronisiert wird.The DE 10 2007 021 787 B4 a method for controlling a printing machine can be seen as known, with a transport device for workpieces, with a gravure roller and with an application roller as well as with their drives and controls and with sensors and measuring devices, whereby a sensor in the inlet of the printing machine detects the leading edge of an incoming workpiece and the angle of rotation of the engraved roller and / or the applicator roller is synchronized to the position of the first contact of the applicator roller with the front edge of the workpiece.

Außerdem ist aus der US 7 542 175 B2 eine Druckmaschine bekannt, mit einem Flexodruckmodul, welches dazu ausgebildet ist, Bewegungen und Spannungen eines Bahnsubstrats zu variieren. Außerdem ist ein Tiefdruckmodul vorgesehen, welches dazu ausgebildet ist, Bewegungen und Spannungen des Bahnsubstrats zu variieren.In addition, from the US 7 542 175 B2 a printing machine is known, with a flexographic printing module which is designed to vary movements and tensions of a web substrate. In addition, a gravure module is provided which is designed to vary movements and tensions of the web substrate.

Die US 5 116 548 A offenbart ein Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Gießen mehrerer Kopien einer Oberflächenreliefmikrostruktur auf ein längliches flexibles Substrat.The U.S. 5,116,548 A discloses a method for continuously casting multiple copies of a surface relief microstructure onto an elongated flexible substrate.

Der EP 2 902 201 A2 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer strukturierten Oberfläche auf einem Bedruckstoff als bekannt zu entnehmen.The EP 2 902 201 A2 a device for producing a structured surface on a printing material can be found as known.

Aus der DE 10 2006 021 069 A1 ist eine Druckerpresse mit einer holografischen Endbearbeitungseinheit bekannt.From the DE 10 2006 021 069 A1 a printing press with a holographic finishing unit is known.

Außerdem offenbart die DE 10 2013 015 277 A1 eine Vorrichtung zur Orientierung magnetisch orientierbarer Partikel in einer Farbe.In addition, the DE 10 2013 015 277 A1 a device for orienting magnetically orientable particles in a color.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Druckmaschine zu schaffen, mittels welcher wenigstens ein Substrat wie beispielsweise eine Bahn, insbesondere eine Papierbahn, besonders vorteilhaft bebildert, insbesondere bedruckt, werden kann.The object of the present invention is to create a printing machine by means of which at least one substrate such as a web, in particular a paper web, can be particularly advantageously illustrated, in particular printed.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Druckmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen mit zweckmäßigen Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den übrigen Ansprüchen angegeben.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a printing press with the features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Druckmaschine umfasst wenigstens einen als Tiefdruckzylinder zum Durchführen eines Tiefdruckverfahrens ausgebildeten ersten Zylinder zum Aufbringen zumindest einer Druckschicht auf ein Substrat wie beispielsweise eine Bahn, insbesondere eine Papierbahn, wobei das Substrat beispielsweise biegeschlaff beziehungsweise formlabil ist. Mit anderen Worten ist der erste Zylinder als Tiefdruckzylinder ausgebildet, mittels welchem ein Tiefdruckverfahren durchführbar ist. Dabei ist mittels des ersten Zylinders die zumindest eine Druckschicht auf das Substrat aufbringbar.The printing press according to the invention comprises at least one first cylinder, designed as a gravure cylinder for performing a gravure printing process, for applying at least one printing layer to a substrate such as a web, in particular a paper web, the substrate being pliable or unstable, for example. In other words, the first cylinder is designed as a gravure cylinder, by means of which a gravure printing process can be carried out. The at least one printing layer can be applied to the substrate by means of the first cylinder.

Die Druckmaschine umfasst ferner wenigstens einen zum Durchführen eines von einem Tiefdruckverfahren unterschiedlichen Bebilderungsverfahrens ausgebildeten zweiten Zylinder zum Bebildern zumindest eines Teilbereichs wenigstens einer auf das Substrat aufgebrachten Druckschicht. Bei der wenigstens einen auf das Substrat aufgebrachten Druckschicht, die beziehungsweise deren Teilbereich mittels des zweiten Zylinders zu bebildern ist, handelt es sich beispielsweise um die zuvor genannte, zumindest eine Druckschicht, welche mittels des ersten Zylinders auf das Substrat aufgebracht wird beziehungsweise wurde. Unter dem Merkmal, dass der zweite Zylinder zum Durchführen eines von einem Tiefdruckverfahren unterschiedlichen Bebilderungsverfahrens ausgebildet ist, ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass es sich bei dem Bebilderungsverfahren, welches mittels des zweiten Zylinders durchführbar ist beziehungsweise durchgeführt wird, nicht um ein Tiefdruckverfahren handelt.The printing press further comprises at least one second cylinder configured to carry out an imaging process different from a gravure printing process for imaging at least a partial area of at least one printing layer applied to the substrate. At least one on the substrate applied printing layer, which or its partial area is to be imaged by means of the second cylinder, is for example the aforementioned, at least one printing layer which is or was applied to the substrate by means of the first cylinder. The feature that the second cylinder is designed to carry out an imaging process different from a gravure printing process is to be understood in particular that the imaging process that can be or is carried out by means of the second cylinder is not a gravure printing process.

Die erfindungsgemäße Druckmaschine umfasst ferner einen den Zylindern gemeinsamen Druckständer, an welchem die Zylinder zumindest drehbar gelagert sind. Außerdem umfasst die erfindungsgemäße Druckmaschine eine elektronische Recheneinrichtung, welche dazu ausgebildet ist, die Zylinder in Abhängigkeit von einer virtuellen Leitachse registerhaltig anzutreiben. Mit anderen Worten ist es im Rahmen eines Verfahren zum Betreiben der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmaschine beziehungsweise im Rahmen eines Verfahrens zum Bebildern zumindest des Teilbereichs des Substrats vorgesehen, dass die zumindest drehbar an dem gemeinsamen Druckständer gelagerten Zylinder mittels der elektronischen Recheneinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der genannten virtuellen Leitachse registerhaltig angetrieben und somit gesteuert beziehungsweise geregelt werden.The printing press according to the invention further comprises a printing stand common to the cylinders, on which the cylinders are at least rotatably mounted. In addition, the printing press according to the invention comprises an electronic computing device which is designed to drive the cylinders in register as a function of a virtual master axis. In other words, as part of a method for operating the printing press according to the invention or as part of a method for imaging at least the partial area of the substrate, the cylinders, which are at least rotatably mounted on the common printing stand, are in register by means of the electronic computing device depending on the aforementioned virtual guide axis driven and thus controlled or regulated.

Eine besonders präzise Bebilderung lässt sich dadurch realisieren, dass die Zylinder erfindungsgemäß in radialer Richtung des jeweiligen Zylinders relativ zueinander verstellbar sind. Somit ist beispielsweise wenigstens einer der Zylinder in radialer Richtung des einen Zylinders relativ zu dem anderen Zylinder sowie insbesondere relativ zu dem Druckständer verstellbar, das heißt bewegbar. Hierbei kann insbesondere vorgesehen sein, dass einer der Zylinder, insbesondere der zweite Zylinder, relativ zu dem anderen Zylinder, insbesondere dem ersten Zylinder, in radialer Richtung des einen Zylinders und dabei horizontal verstellbar, insbesondere verschiebbar, ist. Wird beispielsweise der eine Zylinder horizontal und insbesondere in radialer Richtung des einen Zylinders relativ zu dem anderen Zylinder und insbesondere relativ zu dem Druckständer verschoben, so bleibt beispielsweise der andere Zylinder fix, das heißt insbesondere ortsfest. Dadurch ist es beispielsweise möglich, den einen Zylinder an eine andere Walze, insbesondere an eine Gegendruckwalze, anzustellen, um dadurch beispielsweise die Qualität und Stärke der zusätzlichen Bebilderung auf dem Substrat zu justieren.Particularly precise imaging can be achieved in that, according to the invention, the cylinders can be adjusted relative to one another in the radial direction of the respective cylinder. Thus, for example, at least one of the cylinders is adjustable, that is to say movable, in the radial direction of one cylinder relative to the other cylinder and, in particular, relative to the printing stand. In particular, it can be provided that one of the cylinders, in particular the second cylinder, is adjustable, in particular displaceable, relative to the other cylinder, in particular the first cylinder, in the radial direction of the one cylinder and at the same time horizontally. For example, if one cylinder is displaced horizontally and in particular in the radial direction of one cylinder relative to the other cylinder and in particular relative to the pressure column, the other cylinder, for example, remains fixed, that is to say in particular stationary. Thereby it is for example It is possible to adjust one cylinder to another roller, in particular to a counter-pressure roller, in order to adjust, for example, the quality and strength of the additional images on the substrate.

Wie aus dem allgemeinen Stand der Technik im Bereich von Druckverfahren und Druckmaschinen hinlänglich bekannt ist, ist beispielsweise unter der virtuellen Leitachse zu verstehen, dass die Zylinder nicht oder nicht nur mechanisch miteinander gekoppelt und somit nicht oder nicht nur mechanisch zueinander synchronisiert sind, sondern die Zylinder sind beispielsweise mechanisch entkoppelt und werden dabei mittels der elektronischen Recheneinrichtung steuerungs- oder regelungstechnisch synchronisiert. Insbesondere kann durch den Einsatz der virtuellen und somit körperlich nicht vorhandenen, sondern steuerungs- beziehungsweise regelungstechnisch und somit elektronisch realisierten Leitachse eine Königswelle entfallen, sodass beispielsweise eine Königswelle zum mechanischen Koppeln und Synchronisieren der Zylinder entfallen kann, um dadurch beispielsweise einen mechanischen Verbund zwischen den Zylindern aufzulösen beziehungsweise zu vermeiden.As is well known from the general state of the art in the field of printing processes and printing machines, the virtual master axis, for example, means that the cylinders are not or not only mechanically coupled to one another and thus not or not only mechanically synchronized with one another, but rather the cylinders are, for example, mechanically decoupled and are synchronized in terms of control or regulation by means of the electronic computing device. In particular, through the use of the virtual and thus physically non-existent, but control or regulating and thus electronically implemented master axis, a vertical shaft can be omitted, so that, for example, a vertical shaft for mechanically coupling and synchronizing the cylinders can be omitted, thereby creating a mechanical connection between the cylinders, for example to dissolve or to avoid.

Die virtuelle Leitachse wird insbesondere dadurch realisiert, dass den Zylindern jeweilige Einzelantriebe zum Antreiben der Zylinder zugeordnet sind, wobei die Einzelantriebe über die virtuelle Leitachse und somit steuerungs- beziehungsweise regelungstechnisch, nicht jedoch physisch beziehungsweise mechanisch, miteinander gekoppelt beziehungsweise synchronisiert sind. Dies erfolgt beispielsweise durch eine Lageregelung, welche mittels der elektronischen Recheneinrichtung durchgeführt wird. Die Einzelantriebe enthalten dabei beispielsweise von der Lageregelung oder von einer Bewegungssteuerung, insbesondere zumindest im Wesentlichen gleichzeitig, aktuelle Positionen der Leitachse als Positionssollwerte. Die Positionssollwerte erhalten die Antriebe beispielsweise über ein insbesondere als Echtzeit-Bussystem ausgebildetes Bussystem. Dabei übermittelt die elektronische Recheneinrichtung beispielsweise elektrische Signale, welche die jeweiligen Positionssollwerte charakterisieren beziehungsweise umfassen. Die Einzelantrieb empfangen die Signale und somit die Positionssollwerte und bewegen die Zylinder beispielsweise, insbesondere geregelt, in Ist-Positionen, die vorzugsweise den Positionssollwerten entsprechen oder nur geringfügig, beispielsweise aufgrund von technisch bedingten Regelungenauigkeiten, von den Positionssollwerten abweichen.The virtual master axis is implemented in particular in that the cylinders are assigned individual drives for driving the cylinders, the individual drives being coupled or synchronized with one another via the virtual master axis and thus in terms of control or regulation, but not physically or mechanically. This is done, for example, by a position control that is carried out by means of the electronic computing device. The individual drives contain, for example, from the position control or from a motion control, in particular at least substantially simultaneously, current positions of the master axis as position setpoints. The drives receive the setpoint position values, for example, via a bus system designed in particular as a real-time bus system. In this case, the electronic computing device transmits, for example, electrical signals which characterize or include the respective nominal position values. The individual drives receive the signals and thus the position setpoints and move the cylinders, for example, in a controlled manner, to actual positions that preferably correspond to the position setpoints or deviate only slightly from the position setpoints, for example due to technical control inaccuracies.

Durch die Verwendung der virtuellen Leitachse ist es möglich, die beispielsweise als Druckzylinder ausgebildeten und im Rahmen eines Druckverfahrens zum Einsatz kommenden Zylinder, absolut, das heißt zu 100 Prozent winkelsynchron arbeiten zu lassen, sodass diese beispielsweise über nur eine Register-Regelstelle gesteuert beziehungsweise geregelt werden können, wodurch Kosten im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Druckmaschinen eingespart werden können. Ferner wird beispielsweise ein Bedien- beziehungsweise Handlingsaufwand für eine Person vereinfacht, und zudem kann eine autonome Verstellung des ersten Zylinders und/oder des zweiten Zylinders, insbesondere zu einem Referenzdruckwert, ermöglicht werden.By using the virtual master axis, it is possible to have the cylinders, which are designed, for example, as printing cylinders and used in a printing process, work absolutely, i.e. 100 percent angle-synchronously, so that they are controlled or regulated via just one register control point, for example which can save costs compared to conventional printing machines. Furthermore, for example, an operating or handling effort is simplified for a person, and in addition, an autonomous adjustment of the first cylinder and / or the second cylinder, in particular with respect to a reference pressure value, can be made possible.

Bei dem Bebilderungsverfahren handelt es sich insbesondere um ein rotatives Bebilderungsverfahren. Das Bebilderungsverfahren kann insbesondere ein Flexodruck beziehungsweise ein Flexodruckverfahren, eine Prägung beziehungsweise ein Prägeverfahren, eine Holographie beziehungsweise ein Holographieverfahren und/oder eine magnetische Ausrichtung umfassen.The imaging process is in particular a rotary imaging process. The imaging method can in particular comprise a flexographic printing or a flexographic printing method, an embossing or an embossing method, a holography or a holographic method and / or a magnetic alignment.

Die Druckschicht, welche mittels des ersten Zylinders auf das beispielsweise als, insbesondere biegeschlaffe beziehungsweise formlabile, Bahn beziehungsweise Papierbahn ausgebildete Substrat aufgebracht und/oder mittels des zweiten Zylinders bebildert wird, umfasst beispielsweise eine Flüssigkeit wie eine Farbe, einen Lack oder dergleichen.The printing layer, which is applied by means of the first cylinder to the substrate, designed for example as a particularly pliable or unstable web or paper web, and / or is imaged by means of the second cylinder, comprises, for example, a liquid such as paint, varnish or the like.

Der zweite Zylinder wird beispielsweise verwendet, um einen Flexodruck beziehungsweise ein Flexodruckverfahren durchzuführen. Hierzu weist beispielsweise der zweite Zylinder wenigstens eine Flexoplatte auf, die beispielsweise leicht in die Druckschicht drückt, um diese zumindest teilweise zu bebildern. Somit wird beispielsweise mittels des zweiten Zylinders ein berührungsempfindliches Bebilderungsverfahren, insbesondere Druckverfahren, durchgeführt, in dessen Rahmen der zweite Zylinder die Druckschicht berührt und beispielsweise zumindest teilweise in diese eintaucht. Alternativ ist es denkbar, dass mittels des zweiten Zylinders ein berührungsloses Bebilderungsverfahren, insbesondere Druckverfahren, durchgeführt wird, in dessen Rahmen der zweite Zylinder die Druckschicht während des Durchführens des Bebilderungsverfahrens nicht berührt. Hierzu ist der zweite Zylinder beispielsweise dazu ausgebildet, Magnetkräfte bereitzustellen. Diese Magnetkräfte wirken beispielsweise mit in der Druckschicht aufgenommenen Partikeln, insbesondere Plättchen, zusammen, wodurch die Partikel beziehungsweise Plättchen ausgerichtet werden. Auf diese Weise kann ein berührungsloses Bebilderungsverfahren durchgeführt werden. Insgesamt ist erkennbar, dass sich bei der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmaschine ein besonders vorteilhafter Synchronlauf der Zylinder auf besonders einfache und insbesondere kostengünstige Weise realisieren lässt, ohne dass eine insbesondere körperlich vorhandene beziehungsweise mechanische Registersteuerung erforderlich ist.The second cylinder is used, for example, to perform flexographic printing or a flexographic printing process. For this purpose, for example, the second cylinder has at least one flexographic plate which, for example, presses slightly into the printing layer in order to at least partially image it. Thus, for example, a touch-sensitive imaging process, in particular a printing process, is carried out by means of the second cylinder, in the context of which the second cylinder touches the printing layer and, for example, at least partially dips into it. Alternatively, it is conceivable that a contactless imaging process, in particular a printing process, is carried out by means of the second cylinder, in the context of which the second cylinder does not touch the printing layer while the imaging process is being carried out. This is the second cylinder for example designed to provide magnetic forces. These magnetic forces interact, for example, with particles, in particular platelets, received in the printing layer, as a result of which the particles or platelets are aligned. In this way, a non-contact imaging process can be carried out. Overall, it can be seen that in the printing press according to the invention, a particularly advantageous synchronous operation of the cylinders can be implemented in a particularly simple and, in particular, inexpensive manner, without the need for a particularly physically present or mechanical register control.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dem ersten Zylinder ein erster Antriebsmotor zum Antreiben des ersten Zylinders zugeordnet. Ferner ist dem zweiten Zylinder eine von dem ersten Antriebsmotor unterschiedlicher, zusätzlich zu dem ersten Antriebsmotor vorgesehener zweiter Antriebsmotor zum Antreiben des zweiten Zylinders zugeordnet. Der jeweilige Antriebsmotor ist beispielsweise als Elektromotor ausgebildet. Die Antriebsmotoren sind beispielsweise die zuvor genannten Einzelantriebe. Dabei ist die elektronische Recheneinrichtung dazu ausgebildet, die Antriebsmotoren in Abhängigkeit von der virtuellen Leitachse anzusteuern und dadurch die Zylinder über die Antriebsmotoren in Abhängigkeit von der virtuellen Leitachse registerhaltig anzutreiben. Auf diese Weise können die Zylinder besonders präzise synchronisiert beziehungsweise synchron zueinander angetrieben werden, sodass das Substrat besonders präzise und somit optisch ansprechend bebildert werden kann. Diese präzise Synchronisierung der Zylinder ist dabei ohne mechanische beziehungsweise körperliche Kopplung der Zylinder realisierbar, sodass die Teileanzahl und die Kosten der Druckmaschine besonders gering gehalten werden können.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a first drive motor for driving the first cylinder is assigned to the first cylinder. Furthermore, a second drive motor, which is different from the first drive motor and is provided in addition to the first drive motor, is assigned to the second cylinder for driving the second cylinder. The respective drive motor is designed, for example, as an electric motor. The drive motors are, for example, the individual drives mentioned above. The electronic computation device is designed to control the drive motors as a function of the virtual master axis and thereby to drive the cylinders in register via the drive motors as a function of the virtual master axis. In this way, the cylinders can be synchronized particularly precisely or driven synchronously with one another, so that the substrate can be imaged particularly precisely and thus visually appealing. This precise synchronization of the cylinders can be achieved without mechanical or physical coupling of the cylinders, so that the number of parts and the costs of the printing press can be kept particularly low.

Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der zweite Zylinder dazu ausgebildet, zumindest einen Teilbereich der zumindest einen mittels des Tiefdruckzylinders auf das Substrat aufgebrachten Druckschicht zu bebildern. Somit kann beispielsweise die zumindest eine Druckschicht eine von der wenigstens einen Druckschicht unterschiedliche Druckschicht sein. Jedoch ist es vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass die zumindest eine Druckschicht die wenigstens eine Druckschicht ist.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the second cylinder is designed to image at least a partial area of the at least one printing layer applied to the substrate by means of the gravure cylinder. Thus, for example, the at least one printing layer can be a printing layer that is different from the at least one printing layer. However, it is preferably provided that the at least one printing layer is the at least one printing layer.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Zylinder in axialer Richtung des jeweiligen Zylinders relativ zueinander verstellbar sind. Somit ist beispielsweise wenigstens einer der Zylinder in axialer Richtung des einen Zylinders relativ zu dem anderen Zylinder und beispielsweise relativ zu dem Druckständer verstellbar, das heißt bewegbar beziehungsweise verschiebbar. Ferner ist es vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass die Zylinder relativ zueinander radial und/oder axial verstellbar sind, um dadurch die Zylinder besonders präzise justieren zu können. Nach Justierung der Zylinder nehmen diese jeweilige Positionen beziehungsweise Lagen, insbesondere relativ zueinander, ein, wobei diese Positionen fixiert werden, insbesondere mittels der virtuellen Leitachse. Insbesondere werden die Zylinder, insbesondere relativ zueinander, mittels der virtuellen Leitachse gekoppelt, wodurch insbesondere ihre Ausrichtung relativ zueinander, virtuell, das heißt ohne mechanische beziehungsweise körperlich vorhandene Registersteuerung oder Koppeleinrichtung fixiert und beibehalten wird. Dadurch können die Kosten besonders gering gehalten werden.Another embodiment is characterized in that the cylinders can be adjusted relative to one another in the axial direction of the respective cylinder. Thus, for example, at least one of the cylinders is adjustable in the axial direction of the one cylinder relative to the other cylinder and, for example, relative to the pressure stand, that is to say movable or displaceable. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the cylinders can be adjusted radially and / or axially relative to one another in order to be able to adjust the cylinders particularly precisely. After the cylinders have been adjusted, they assume respective positions or locations, in particular relative to one another, these positions being fixed, in particular by means of the virtual master axis. In particular, the cylinders, in particular relative to one another, are coupled by means of the virtual master axis, whereby in particular their alignment relative to one another, virtually, that is to say without mechanical or physical register control or coupling device, is fixed and maintained. This allows the costs to be kept particularly low.

Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der zweite Zylinder dazu ausgebildet, zumindest teilweise in die wenigstens eine Druckschicht einzutauchen und dadurch zumindest den Teilbereich der wenigstens einen Druckschicht durch Berührung zu bebildern. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist es somit vorgesehen, dass der zweite Zylinder dazu ausgebildet ist, das Bebilderungsverfahren in Form eines berührungsempfindlichen Bebilderungsverfahrens durchzuführen, wodurch eine besonders vorteilhafte Bebilderung realisiert werden kann.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the second cylinder is designed to at least partially dip into the at least one printing layer and thereby to image at least the partial area of the at least one printing layer by touch. In this embodiment it is thus provided that the second cylinder is designed to carry out the imaging process in the form of a touch-sensitive imaging process, whereby a particularly advantageous imaging can be implemented.

Als weiter besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich gezeigt, wenn der zweite Zylinder dazu ausgebildet ist, zumindest den Teilbereich der wenigstens einen Druckschicht bezogen auf die Druckschicht berührungslos zu bebildern, sodass der zweite Zylinder die Druckschicht nicht berührt, um zumindest den Teilbereich der Druckschicht zu bebildern.It has also been shown to be particularly advantageous if the second cylinder is designed to image at least the sub-area of the at least one printing layer in a contactless manner with respect to the printing layer, so that the second cylinder does not touch the printing layer in order to image at least the sub-area of the printing layer.

Hierbei hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft gezeigt, wenn der zweite Zylinder dazu ausgebildet ist, magnetische Kräfte bereitzustellen und mittels der magnetischen Kräfte zumindest den Teilbereich des wenigstens einen Substrats berührungslos zu bebildern.It has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the second cylinder is designed to provide magnetic forces and to image at least the partial area of the at least one substrate in a contactless manner by means of the magnetic forces.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der zweite Zylinder unmittelbar an den ersten Zylinder anschließt. Darunter ist zu verstehen, dass, insbesondere in Lauf- beziehungsweise Bewegungsrichtung des Substrats durch die beziehungsweise entlang der Druckmaschine, zwischen den Zylindern kein Zylinder zum Bebildern und/oder zum Aufbringen eines Materials auf das Substrat angeordnet ist.Another embodiment is characterized in that the second cylinder directly adjoins the first cylinder. This means that, in particular in the direction of travel or movement of the substrate through or along the printing press, no cylinder for imaging and / or for applying a material to the substrate is arranged between the cylinders.

Schließlich hat es sich als vorteilhaft gezeigt, wenn die Druckmaschine wenigstens ein Referenzdruckwerk aufweist. Dabei ist die elektronische Recheneinrichtung dazu ausgebildet, das Referenzdruckwerk und den ersten Zylinder in Abhängigkeit von einer der virtuellen Leitachse übergeordneten, weiteren virtuellen Leitachse anzutreiben und den zweiten Zylinder dem ersten Zylinder nachzuführen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist somit die erste virtuelle Leitachse eine virtuelle Subleitachse, welche der weiteren virtuellen Leitachse untergeordnet ist. Die weitere virtuelle Leitachse ist somit beispielsweise eine virtuelle Hauptleitachse, der die Subleitachse untergeordnet ist. Mittels der virtuellen Hauptleitachse werden beispielsweise der erste Zylinder und das Referenzdruckwerk zueinander synchronisiert und dabei insbesondere registerhaltig angetrieben. Da ferner der zweite Zylinder dem ersten nachgeführt wird, ergibt sich ein registerhaltiger und somit besonders präziser Prozess, welcher aufgrund der Verwendung der virtuellen Leitachsen besonders kostengünstig realisiert werden kann. Da die virtuellen Leitachsen zum Einsatz kommen, kann beispielsweise auf mechanische Kopplungen zwischen den Zylindern und zwischen dem ersten Zylinder und dem Referenzdruckwerk verzichtet werden, wobei der zuvor genannte registerhaltige Prozess virtuell, das heißt steuerungs- beziehungsweise regelungstechnisch mithilfe der elektronischen Recheneinrichtung und der virtuellen Leitachsen realisiert wird. Da dabei der zweite Zylinder mittels der virtuellen Subleitachse dem ersten Zylinder nachgeführt wird, kann eine besonders präzise Bebilderung dargestellt werden.Finally, it has been shown to be advantageous if the printing press has at least one reference printing unit. The electronic computing device is designed to drive the reference printing unit and the first cylinder as a function of a further virtual master axis that is superordinate to the virtual master axis and to track the second cylinder to the first cylinder. In this embodiment, the first virtual master axis is thus a virtual sub-master axis which is subordinate to the further virtual master axis. The further virtual master axis is thus, for example, a virtual main master axis to which the sub master axis is subordinate. By means of the virtual main master axis, for example, the first cylinder and the reference printing unit are synchronized with one another and in particular driven in register. Since the second cylinder is also tracked to the first, a process that is in register and therefore particularly precise results, which can be implemented particularly cost-effectively due to the use of the virtual master axes. Since the virtual master axes are used, mechanical couplings between the cylinders and between the first cylinder and the reference printing unit can be dispensed with, with the aforementioned process in register being implemented virtually, i.e. in terms of control or regulation, using the electronic computing device and the virtual master axes becomes. Since the second cylinder is tracked to the first cylinder by means of the virtual sub-guide axis, particularly precise imaging can be displayed.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels sowie anhand der Zeichnung. Die vorstehend in der Beschreibung genannten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sowie die nachfolgend in der Figurenbeschreibung genannten und/oder in der einzigen Figur alleine gezeigten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sind nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen.Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment and with reference to the drawing. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the single figure can be used not only in the specified combination, but also in other combinations or on their own without departing from the scope of the invention.

Die Zeichnung zeigt in der einzigen Fig. eine schematische Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Druckmaschine.The single figure of the drawing shows a schematic side view of a printing press according to the invention.

Die einzige Fig. zeigt in einer schematischen Seitenansicht eine im Ganzen mit 10 bezeichnete Druckmaschine zum Durchführen eines Druckverfahrens, in dessen Rahmen beispielsweise ein Substrat 12 zumindest in einem Teilbereich bebildert wird. Das Substrat 12 wird entlang der beziehungsweise durch die Druckmaschine 10 entlang einer Bewegungsrichtung gefördert, welche in der Fig. durch Pfeile 14 veranschaulicht ist. Das Substrat ist biegeschlaff beziehungsweise formlabil, wobei das Substrat 12 beispielsweise als Bahn, insbesondere als Papierbahn, ausgebildet ist. Geführt und gespannt wird das Substrat 12 beispielsweise mittels jeweiliger Walzen 16 und 17 der Druckmaschine 10, wobei - wie in der Fig. durch einen Doppelpfeil 18 veranschaulicht ist - wenigstens eine der Walzen 16 und 17 vertikal und/oder horizontal verstellbar, das heißt bewegbar ist. Dadurch kann beispielsweise das Substrat 12 hinsichtlich seiner Spannung eingestellt werden.The single FIGURE shows, in a schematic side view, a printing press, designated as a whole by 10, for performing a printing process, in the context of which, for example, a substrate 12 is imaged at least in a partial area. The substrate 12 is conveyed along or through the printing machine 10 along a direction of movement which is illustrated in the figure by arrows 14. The substrate is limp or unstable in shape, the substrate 12 being designed, for example, as a web, in particular as a paper web. The substrate 12 is guided and tensioned, for example, by means of respective rollers 16 and 17 of the printing press 10, whereby - as illustrated in the figure by a double arrow 18 - at least one of the rollers 16 and 17 is vertically and / or horizontally adjustable, i.e. movable . In this way, for example, the substrate 12 can be adjusted with regard to its tension.

Die Druckmaschine 10 umfasst einen ersten Zylinder 20, welcher als Tiefdruckzylinder zum Durchführen eines Tiefdruckverfahrens ausgebildet ist. Ferner ist der erste Zylinder 20 dazu ausgebildet, ein Material 22 auf das Substrat 12 auszubringen, um dadurch aus dem Material zumindest eine Druckschicht auszubilden. Somit wird mittels des ersten Zylinders 20 (Tiefdruckzylinder) die zumindest eine Druckschicht aus dem Material 22 auf das Substrat 12 aufgebracht. Das Material 22 ist beispielsweise eine Flüssigkeit, wobei das Material 22 insbesondere eine Farbe oder ein Lack ist.The printing press 10 comprises a first cylinder 20, which is designed as a gravure cylinder for performing a gravure printing process. Furthermore, the first cylinder 20 is designed to apply a material 22 to the substrate 12 in order to thereby form at least one printing layer from the material. Thus, the at least one printing layer made from the material 22 is applied to the substrate 12 by means of the first cylinder 20 (gravure cylinder). The material 22 is, for example, a liquid, the material 22 being in particular a paint or a lacquer.

Aus der Fig. ist erkennbar, dass das Material 22 in einem Behältnis 24 der Druckmaschine 10 aufgenommen ist, wobei der erste Zylinder 20 in das Material 22 eintaucht. Dadurch bleibt ein Teil des in dem Behältnis 24 aufgenommenen Materials an dem Zylinder 20, insbesondere an dessen außenumfangsseitiger Mantelfläche 26, haften. Das an der außenumfangsseitigen Mantelfläche 26 haftende Material 22 wird auf das Substrat 12 übertragen und bleibt in der Folge an dem Substrat 12 haften.It can be seen from the figure that the material 22 is received in a container 24 of the printing press 10, the first cylinder 20 being immersed in the material 22. As a result, some of the material received in the container 24 remains adhering to the cylinder 20, in particular to its outer peripheral surface 26. The material 22 adhering to the outer peripheral surface 26 is transferred to the substrate 12 and consequently remains adhered to the substrate 12.

Hierzu berührt beispielsweise der Zylinder 20 das Substrat 12 beziehungsweise zumindest das zunächst an der außenumfangsseitigen Mantelfläche 26 haftende Material berührt das Substrat 12 und wird dadurch zumindest teilweise auf das Substrat 12 übertragen und insbesondere auf das Substrat 12 aufgetragen beziehungsweise aufgebracht.For this purpose, for example, the cylinder 20 touches the substrate 12 or at least the material initially adhering to the outer peripheral surface 26 touches the substrate 12 and is thereby at least partially transferred to the substrate 12 and in particular applied or applied to the substrate 12.

Die Druckmaschine 10 weist ferner einen zweiten Zylinder 28 auf, welcher beispielsweise auch als Imagezylinder oder Bebilderungszylinder bezeichnet wird. Der zweite Zylinder 28 ist zum Durchführen eines von einem Tiefdruckverfahren unterschiedlichen Bebilderungsverfahrens, insbesondere Druckverfahrens, ausgebildet. Mit anderen Worten, im Rahmen eines Verfahrens zum Betreiben der Druckmaschine 10 beziehungsweise im Rahmen eines Verfahrens zum Bebildern zumindest eines Teilbereichs des Substrats 12 wird mittels des ersten Zylinders 20 die zumindest eine Druckschicht auf das Substrat 12 aufgebracht. Hierzu wird zumindest ein Teil des zunächst in dem Behältnis 24 aufgenommenen Materials 22 mittels des Zylinders 20 auf das Substrat 12 aufgebracht, wodurch aus dem auf das Substrat 12 aufgebrachten Material 22 die zumindest eine Druckschicht gebildet wird. Dabei wird mittels des Zylinders 20 ein Tiefdruckverfahren durchgeführt. Mittels des zweiten Zylinders 28, welcher in Bewegungs- beziehungsweise Förderrichtung des Substrats 12 durch die Druckmaschine 10 unmittelbar auf den Zylinder 20 folgt, wird ein von einem Tiefdruckverfahren unterschiedliches Bebilderungsverfahren durchgeführt. Im Rahmen des Bebilderungsverfahrens wird zumindest ein Teilbereich wenigstens einer auf das Substrat 12 aufgebrachten Druckschicht mittels des Zylinders 28 bebildert. Bei der wenigstens einen auf das Substrat 12 aufgebrachten Druckschicht, welche mittels des Zylinders 28 bebildert wird, handelt es sich vorzugsweise um die zuvor genannte, zumindest eine Druckschicht, welche mittels des Zylinders 20 auf das Substrat 12 aufgebracht wird beziehungsweise wurde. Beispielsweise ist die Walze 17 eine Gegendruckwalze für den zweiten Zylinder 28.The printing press 10 also has a second cylinder 28, which is also referred to, for example, as an image cylinder or imaging cylinder. The second cylinder 28 is designed to carry out an imaging process different from a gravure printing process, in particular a printing process. In other words, as part of a method for operating the printing press 10 or as part of a method for imaging at least a partial area of the substrate 12, the at least one printing layer is applied to the substrate 12 by means of the first cylinder 20. For this purpose, at least part of the material 22 initially received in the container 24 is applied to the substrate 12 by means of the cylinder 20, whereby the at least one printing layer is formed from the material 22 applied to the substrate 12. A gravure printing process is carried out by means of the cylinder 20. By means of the second cylinder 28, which directly follows the cylinder 20 in the direction of movement or conveyance of the substrate 12 through the printing press 10, an imaging process different from a gravure printing process is carried out. In the context of the imaging process, at least a partial area of at least one printing layer applied to the substrate 12 is imaged by means of the cylinder 28. The at least one printing layer applied to the substrate 12, which is imaged by means of the cylinder 28, is preferably the aforementioned at least one printing layer which is or was applied to the substrate 12 by means of the cylinder 20. For example, the roller 17 is a counter-pressure roller for the second cylinder 28.

Aus der Fig. ist dabei erkennbar, dass sich der zweite Zylinder 28 in Bewegungsrichtung des Substrats 12 durch die Druckmaschine 10 unmittelbar an den ersten Zylinder 20 anschließt, sodass in Bewegungsrichtung des Substrats 12 durch die Druckmaschine 10 zwischen den Zylindern 20 und 28 kein weiterer Zylinder vorgesehen ist, mittels welchem ein Material auf das Substrat 12 aufgebracht oder eine auf das Substrat 12 aufgebrachte Druckschicht bebildert wird.It can be seen from the figure that the second cylinder 28 directly adjoins the first cylinder 20 in the direction of movement of the substrate 12 through the printing press 10, so that there is no further cylinder between the cylinders 20 and 28 in the direction of movement of the substrate 12 through the printing press 10 is provided, by means of which a material is applied to the substrate 12 or a printing layer applied to the substrate 12 is imaged.

Bei dem in der Fig. veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispiel ist es vorgesehen, dass die zumindest eine Druckschicht mittels des Zylinders 20 rotativ auf das Substrat 12 aufgebracht wird. Hierzu wird der Zylinder 20 um eine Drehachse 30 gedreht, wobei die Drehachse 30 horizontal verläuft. Ferner wird das Bebilderungsverfahren mittels des zweiten Zylinders 28 als rotatives Bebilderungsverfahren durchgeführt. Hierzu wird der Zylinder 28 um eine Drehachse 32 gedreht, wobei auch die Drehachse 32 horizontal verläuft. Beispielsweise verlaufen die Drehachsen 30 und 32 parallel zueinander, wobei die Drehachse 30 und 32 jedoch versetzt beziehungsweise desachsiert zueinander sind.In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the figure, it is provided that the at least one printing layer is applied to the substrate 12 in a rotative manner by means of the cylinder 20. For this purpose, the cylinder 20 is rotated about an axis of rotation 30, the axis of rotation 30 running horizontally. Furthermore, the imaging process is carried out by means of the second cylinder 28 as a rotary imaging process. For this purpose, the cylinder 28 is rotated about an axis of rotation 32, the axis of rotation 32 also running horizontally. For example, the axes of rotation 30 and 32 run parallel to one another, but the axes of rotation 30 and 32 are offset or offset from one another.

Die Druckmaschine 10 umfasst ferner einen den Zylindern 20 und 28 gemeinsamen Druckständer 33, an welchem die Zylinder 20 und 28 zumindest drehbar gelagert sind. Somit können sich die Zylinder 20 und 28 um die jeweiligen Drehachsen 30 und 32 relativ zu dem Druckständer 33 drehen. Schließlich ist eine elektronische Recheneinrichtung 34 vorgesehen, welche auch als Steuergerät bezeichnet wird. Die elektronische Recheneinrichtung 34 ist dazu ausgebildet, die Zylinder 20 und 28 in Abhängigkeit von einer virtuellen Leitachse 36 registerhaltig anzutreiben.The printing press 10 further comprises a printing stand 33 common to the cylinders 20 and 28, on which the cylinders 20 and 28 are at least rotatably mounted. The cylinders 20 and 28 can thus rotate about the respective axes of rotation 30 and 32 relative to the printing stand 33. Finally, an electronic computing device 34 is provided, which is also referred to as a control device. The electronic computing device 34 is designed to drive the cylinders 20 and 28 in register as a function of a virtual master axis 36.

Die Druckmaschine 10 weist beispielsweise wenigstens ein in der Fig. besonders schematisch dargestelltes Referenzdruckwerk 38 auf. Dabei ist die elektronische Recheneinrichtung 34 dazu ausgebildet, das Referenzdruckwerk 38 und den ersten Zylinder 20 in Abhängigkeit von einer der virtuellen Leitachse 36 übergeordneten, weiteren virtuellen Leitachse 40 anzutreiben und den zweiten Zylinder 28 dem ersten Zylinder 20, insbesondere in Abhängigkeit von der ersten virtuellen Leitachse 36, nachzuführen. Die weitere virtuelle Leitachse 40 ist beispielsweise eine virtuelle Hauptleitachse, welche der ersten virtuellen Leitachse 36 übergeordnet ist. Somit ist die erste virtuelle Leitachse 36 eine virtuelle Subleitachse, welche dazu genutzt wird, die Zylinder 20 und 28, insbesondere virtuell und somit beispielsweise regelungsbeziehungsweise steuerungstechnisch, miteinander zu koppeln und zu synchronisieren. Hierdurch kann das Substrat 12 besonders präzise bebildert werden. Durch die Verwendung der virtuellen Leitachsen 36 und 40 kann beispielsweise auf mechanische und somit körperlich vorhandene Kopplungen verzichtet werden, sodass die Kosten besonders gering gehalten werden können. Ferner können die Zylinder 20 und 28 besonders präzise und beispielsweise absolut winkelsynchron angetrieben werden.The printing press 10 has, for example, at least one reference printing unit 38, shown particularly schematically in the figure. The electronic computing device 34 is designed to drive the reference printing unit 38 and the first cylinder 20 as a function of a further virtual master axis 40 superordinate to the virtual master axis 36 and to drive the second cylinder 28 to the first cylinder 20, in particular as a function of the first virtual master axis 36 to track. The further virtual master axis 40 is, for example, a virtual main master axis which is superordinate to the first virtual master axis 36. The first virtual master axis 36 is therefore a virtual sub-master axis which is used to couple and synchronize the cylinders 20 and 28, in particular virtually and thus for example in terms of regulation or control technology. As a result, the substrate 12 can be imaged particularly precisely. By using the virtual master axes 36 and 40, for example mechanical and thus physically existing couplings can be dispensed with, so that the costs can be kept particularly low. Furthermore, the cylinders 20 and 28 can be driven particularly precisely and, for example, absolutely angle-synchronously.

Aus der Fig. ist außerdem erkennbar, dass dem ersten Zylinder 20 ein erster Antriebsmotor 42 zugeordnet ist, mittels welchem der erste Zylinder 20 antreibbar ist beziehungsweise angetrieben wird. Ferner ist dem zweiten Zylinder 28 ein von dem ersten Antriebsmotor 42 unterschiedlicher, zusätzlich zu dem ersten Antriebsmotor 42 vorgesehener zweiter Antriebsmotor 44 zugeordnet, mittels welchem der zweite Zylinder 28 antreibbar ist beziehungsweise angetrieben wird. Wie in der Fig. durch Doppelpfeile 46 veranschaulicht ist, werden die Antriebsmotoren 42 und 44, welche beispielsweise als Elektromotoren ausgebildet sind, mittels der elektronischen Recheneinrichtung 34 in Abhängigkeit von der virtuellen Subleitachse (virtuelle Leitachse 36) angesteuert, wodurch die Zylinder 20 und 28 über die Antriebsmotoren 42 und 44 mittels der elektronischen Recheneinrichtung 34 zueinander synchronisiert und dadurch registerhaltig angetrieben werden. Die Antriebsmotoren 42 und 44 sind Einzelantriebe, welche nicht etwa mechanisch, sondern über die virtuelle Leitachse 36 virtuell, das heißt steuerungs- beziehungsweise regelungstechnisch beziehungsweise signaltechnisch miteinander gekoppelt und dadurch synchronisiert sind.It can also be seen from the figure that the first cylinder 20 is assigned a first drive motor 42, by means of which the first cylinder 20 can be or is driven. Furthermore, a second drive motor 44, which is different from the first drive motor 42 and is provided in addition to the first drive motor 42, is assigned to the second cylinder 28, by means of which the second cylinder 28 can be or is driven. As illustrated in the figure by double arrows 46, the drive motors 42 and 44, which are designed as electric motors, for example, are controlled by means of the electronic computing device 34 as a function of the virtual sub-master axis (virtual master axis 36), whereby the cylinders 20 and 28 over the drive motors 42 and 44 are synchronized with one another by means of the electronic computing device 34 and are thereby driven in register. The drive motors 42 and 44 are individual drives which are not mechanically, for example, but rather virtually, that is, coupled with one another in terms of control or regulation or signaling, via the virtual master axis 36 and are thereby synchronized.

Wenigstens einem der Zylinder 20 und 28 ist beispielsweise ein beispielsweise als Elektromotor ausgebildeter Seitenmotor zugeordnet, mittels welchem der wenigstens eine Zylinder in axialer Richtung des wenigstens einen Zylinders relativ zu dem anderen Zylinder und insbesondere relativ zu dem Druckständer 33 verstellt und somit verschoben werden kann. Hierdurch kann beispielsweise das sogenannte Seitenregister eingestellt werden. Ferner ist es durch den jeweiligen Antriebsmotor 42 beziehungsweise 44 möglich, den jeweiligen Zylinder 20 beziehungsweise 28, insbesondere relativ zu dem jeweils anderen Zylinder 28 beziehungsweise 20, zu verdrehen, sodass der jeweilige Zylinder 20 beziehungsweise 28 in seiner Umfangsrichtung verstellt werden kann. Dadurch kann eine Winkelposition der Zylinder 20 und 28 relativ zueinander eingestellt werden, sodass das sogenannte Längsregister eingestellt werden kann. Das Längsregister und das Seitenregister werden eingestellt, indem die Zylinder 20 und 28 relativ zueinander justiert werden. Mittels der virtuellen Leitachse 36 werden die Zylinder 20 und 28 über die Antriebsmotoren 42 und 44 derart angetrieben, dass die eingestellte Winkelposition fixiert bleibt, sodass die Zylinder 20 und 28 registerhaltig angetrieben werden. Die zuvor eingestellte Winkelposition beziehungsweise das zuvor eingestellte Längsregister wird nicht etwa durch eine mechanische Kopplung zwischen den Zylindern 20 und 28, sondern durch eine signaltechnische Kopplung fixiert, indem die Antriebsmotoren 42 und 44 von der elektronischen Recheneinrichtung 34 in Abhängigkeit von der virtuellen Leitachse 36 angetrieben werden, insbesondere derart, dass die zuvor eingestellte Winkelposition erhalten bleibt.At least one of the cylinders 20 and 28 is assigned, for example, a side motor designed as an electric motor, by means of which the at least one cylinder can be adjusted and thus displaced in the axial direction of the at least one cylinder relative to the other cylinder and in particular relative to the pressure column 33. In this way, for example, the so-called page register can be set. Furthermore, the respective drive motor 42 or 44 makes it possible to rotate the respective cylinder 20 or 28, in particular relative to the respective other cylinder 28 or 20, so that the respective cylinder 20 or 28 can be adjusted in its circumferential direction. As a result, an angular position of the cylinders 20 and 28 can be set relative to one another, so that the so-called longitudinal register can be set. The longitudinal register and the side register are adjusted by adjusting the cylinders 20 and 28 relative to one another. Using the virtual Guide axis 36, the cylinders 20 and 28 are driven via the drive motors 42 and 44 in such a way that the set angular position remains fixed, so that the cylinders 20 and 28 are driven in register. The previously set angular position or the previously set longitudinal register is not fixed by a mechanical coupling between the cylinders 20 and 28, but by a signaling coupling in that the drive motors 42 and 44 are driven by the electronic computing device 34 as a function of the virtual master axis 36 , in particular in such a way that the previously set angular position is retained.

Aus der Fig. ist erkennbar, dass das Substrat 12 zwischen den Zylindern 20 und 28 eine nur geringe Länge aufweist. Durch Wärmeveränderung, insbesondere durch Beheizen des Substrats 12, arbeitet das Substrat 12, sodass es beispielsweise zu Spannungs- und/oder Längenveränderungen des Substrats 12 kommt. Insbesondere die Winkelposition der Zylinder 20 und 28 wird an diese Spannungs- beziehungsweise Längenänderungen angepasst und auf die beschriebene Weise mittels der virtuellen Leitachse 36 beibehalten, sodass die Druckschicht besonders präzise auf das Substrat 12 appliziert und schließlich bebildert werden kann.It can be seen from the figure that the substrate 12 has only a short length between the cylinders 20 and 28. The substrate 12 operates as a result of a change in heat, in particular as a result of heating the substrate 12, so that, for example, the substrate 12 changes in tension and / or length. In particular, the angular position of the cylinders 20 and 28 is adapted to these changes in tension or length and maintained in the manner described by means of the virtual guide axis 36, so that the printing layer can be applied particularly precisely to the substrate 12 and finally imaged.

Dabei ist beispielsweise der Antriebsmotor 42 ein Master oder Masterantrieb, während der Antriebsmotor 44 ein Slaveantrieb oder Slave ist, der dem Master nachgeführt wird. In der Folge bleiben beispielsweise die Zylinder 20 und 28, insbesondere hinsichtlich ihrer Winkelposition, stets gleich ausgerichtet wie zuvor eingestellt beziehungsweise justiert. Wird dann, insbesondere infolge von Längen- und/oder Spannungsänderungen des Substrats 12, der erste Zylinder 20 gedreht beziehungsweise verdreht, so wird der zweite Zylinder 28 ebenfalls gedreht beziehungsweise verdreht und dabei dem ersten Zylinder 20 nachgeführt.For example, the drive motor 42 is a master or master drive, while the drive motor 44 is a slave drive or slave that tracks the master. As a result, the cylinders 20 and 28, for example, always remain aligned, in particular with regard to their angular position, as previously set or adjusted. If the first cylinder 20 is then rotated or rotated, in particular as a result of changes in length and / or tension of the substrate 12, the second cylinder 28 is likewise rotated or rotated and, in the process, follows the first cylinder 20.

Die Hauptleitachse ist eine der Subleitachse übergeordnete zentrale Leitstelle, um insbesondere den ersten Zylinder 20 relativ zu dem Referenzdruckwerk 38 anzutreiben. Insgesamt ist erkennbar, dass bei der Druckmaschine 10 eine Kombination aus Tiefdruckzylinder und zusätzlichem Imagezylinder in dem Druckständer 33 vorgesehen ist, synchronisiert über die gemeinsame virtuelle Subleitachse zur Bebilderung von beispielsweise speziell pigmentierten Farben und Lacken, die im Tiefdruck beziehungsweise mittels des Tiefdruckverfahrens auf das Substrat 12 aufgetragen werden. Der Imagezylinder kann je nach angewendetem Verfahren kontaktlos oder mit Kontakt auf das auch als Substratbahn bezeichnete Substrat 12 wirken. Durch die virtuelle Subleitachse bleibt nach einmaliger Synchronisierung der Zylinder 20 und 28 das Längsregister stets zur Referenz passend, und das auf kostengünstige Weise.The main master axis is a central control point that is superordinate to the sub master axis, in order in particular to drive the first cylinder 20 relative to the reference printing unit 38. Overall, it can be seen that in the printing machine 10 a combination of gravure cylinder and additional image cylinder is provided in the printing stand 33, synchronized via the common virtual sub-guide axis for imaging, for example, specially pigmented inks and varnishes used in gravure printing or are applied to the substrate 12 by means of the gravure printing process. Depending on the method used, the image cylinder can act in a contactless manner or with contact on the substrate 12, which is also referred to as the substrate web. Due to the virtual sub-master axis, after the cylinders 20 and 28 have been synchronized once, the longitudinal register always remains suitable for the reference, and this in a cost-effective manner.

Die Druckmaschine 10 umfasst ferner einen Registersensor 48, mittels welchem beispielsweise die bebilderte Druckschicht erfasst wird. Insbesondere kann dadurch eine Position des bebilderten Teilbereichs erfasst werden. Weicht die erfasste Position von einer gewünschten Soll-Position ab, so können die Zylinder 20 und 28 entsprechend verstellt werden.The printing press 10 also includes a register sensor 48 by means of which, for example, the imaged print layer is detected. In particular, a position of the imaged partial area can thereby be detected. If the detected position deviates from a desired target position, the cylinders 20 and 28 can be adjusted accordingly.

Aus der Fig. ist erkennbar, dass - wie durch einen Doppelpfeil 50 veranschaulicht ist - der Zylinder 28 beispielsweise horizontal und in seiner radialen Richtung relativ zu der auch als Gegendruckrolle oder Gegendruckwalze bezeichneten Walze 17 und insbesondere relativ zu dem Druckständer 33 sowie beispielsweise relativ zu dem Zylinder 20 verstellt beziehungsweise verschoben werden kann. Hierdurch ist eine horizontale Druckverstellung zur Durchmesserkompensation, insbesondere bei Druckformatänderungen, realisierbar. Werden beispielsweise zweite Zylinder 28 mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern eingesetzt, so kann der jeweilige zweite Zylinder 28 in horizontaler Richtung weggefahren und zugestellt werden, sodass beispielsweise ein Abstand zwischen der Drehachse 32 und dem Substrat 12 bedarfsgerecht eingestellt werden kann.It can be seen from the figure that - as is illustrated by a double arrow 50 - the cylinder 28, for example, horizontally and in its radial direction relative to the roller 17, also referred to as a counter-pressure roller or counter-pressure roller, and in particular relative to the printing stand 33 and, for example, relative to the Cylinder 20 can be adjusted or moved. In this way, a horizontal pressure adjustment for diameter compensation, in particular when the print format changes, can be implemented. If, for example, second cylinders 28 with different diameters are used, then the respective second cylinder 28 can be moved away and advanced in the horizontal direction so that, for example, a distance between the axis of rotation 32 and the substrate 12 can be set as required.

Darüber hinaus ist ein Automatik-Register 52 vorgesehen, um beispielsweise eine Blockverstellung der Zylinder 20 und 28 zu realisieren. Im Rahmen dieser Blockverstellung werden die Zylinder 20 und 28 beispielsweise gemeinsam horizontal und/oder vertikal verstellt, indem beispielsweise die virtuelle Subleitachse (virtuelle Leitachse 36) im Längsregister verstellt wird, wodurch die Zylinder 20 und 28 winkelsynchron folgen. Ferner ist ein Handregister 54 vorgesehen, mittels welchem beispielsweise eine manuelle beziehungsweise autonome Verstellung der Zylinder 20 und 28 realisierbar ist. Somit ist es beispielsweise möglich, über eine Bedieneinrichtung 56 des Handregisters 54 den Zylinder 20 und über eine Bedieneinrichtung 58 des Handregisters 54 den Zylinder 28 zu verstellen. Insbesondere ist es dadurch möglich, die Zylinder 20 und 28 relativ zueinander zu verstellen, insbesondere in radialer Richtung beziehungsweise in horizontaler Richtung und/oder in vertikaler Richtung.In addition, an automatic register 52 is provided in order to implement block adjustment of cylinders 20 and 28, for example. As part of this block adjustment, the cylinders 20 and 28 are adjusted horizontally and / or vertically together, for example, by adjusting the virtual sub-master axis (virtual master axis 36) in the longitudinal register, whereby the cylinders 20 and 28 follow in an angle-synchronous manner. A hand register 54 is also provided, by means of which, for example, manual or autonomous adjustment of the cylinders 20 and 28 can be implemented. It is thus possible, for example, to adjust the cylinder 20 via an operating device 56 of the manual register 54 and the cylinder 28 via an operating device 58 of the manual register 54. In particular, it is thereby possible to adjust the cylinders 20 and 28 relative to one another, in particular in the radial direction or in the horizontal direction and / or in the vertical direction.

In Bewegungsrichtung des Substrats 12 durch die Druckmaschine 10 schließt sich an den Zylinder 28 eine Trocknungseinrichtung 60 an, durch welche das mit der Druckschicht versehene und bebilderte Substrat 12 hindurchgefördert wird. An die Trocknungseinrichtung 60 schließt sich eine weitere Trocknungseinrichtung 62 an, durch welche beispielsweise das Substrat 12 hindurchgefördert wird. Mittels der Trocknungseinrichtungen 60 und 62 wird das Substrat 12 beziehungsweise die bebilderte Druckschicht getrocknet, um die Bebilderung zu fixieren.In the direction of movement of the substrate 12 through the printing press 10, the cylinder 28 is followed by a drying device 60 through which the substrate 12 provided with the printing layer and imaged is conveyed. The drying device 60 is followed by a further drying device 62 through which, for example, the substrate 12 is conveyed. The substrate 12 or the imaged printing layer is dried by means of the drying devices 60 and 62 in order to fix the images.

Insgesamt ist erkennbar, dass sich mittels der Druckmaschine 10 eine besonders präzise Bebilderung auf kostengünstige Weise realisieren lässt, da die Zylinder 20 und 28 mittels der virtuellen Leitachse 36 insbesondere zu 100 Prozent winkelsynchron angetrieben werden können, ohne dass hierzu eine mechanische beziehungsweise körperlich tatsächlich vorhandene Kopplung zwischen den Zylindern 20 und 28 vorgesehen ist.Overall, it can be seen that particularly precise imaging can be implemented in a cost-effective manner by means of the printing machine 10, since the cylinders 20 and 28 can be driven in particular 100 percent angle-synchronously by means of the virtual master axis 36, without a mechanical or physically actually existing coupling between the cylinders 20 and 28 is provided.

Claims (9)

  1. A printing machine (10) with at least one first cylinder (20) formed as a gravure cylinder for performing a gravure printing method, for applying at least one printing layer (22) to a substrate (12), with at least one second cylinder (28) formed for performing an illustration method different from the gravure printing method, for illustrating at least a partial area of at least one printing layer (22) applied to the substrate (12),
    characterized by:
    - a printing rack (33) common to the cylinders (20, 28), on which the cylinders (20, 28) are at least rotatably supported, and
    - an electronic computing device (34), which is formed to drive the cylinders (20, 28) in register depending on a virtual guide axis (36), wherein the cylinders (20, 28) are adjustable relative to each other in radial direction of the respective cylinder (20, 28).
  2. The printing machine (10) according to claim 1,
    wherein a first drive motor (42) for driving the first cylinder (20) is associated with the first cylinder (20) and a second drive motor (44) different from the first drive motor (42), provided in addition to the first drive motor (42), for driving the second cylinder (28) is associated with the second cylinder (28), wherein the electronic computing device (34) is formed to control the drive motors (42, 44) depending on the virtual guide axis (36) and thereby drive the cylinders (20, 28) in register via the drive motors (42, 44) depending on the virtual guide axis (36).
  3. The printing machine (10) according to claim 1 or 2,
    wherein the second cylinder (28) is formed to illustrate at least a partial area of the at least one printing layer (22) applied to the substrate (12) by means of the first cylinder (20).
  4. The printing machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cylinders (20, 28) are adjustable relative to each other in axial direction of the respective cylinder (20, 28).
  5. The printing machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the second cylinder (28) is formed to at least partially immerse into the at least one printing layer (22) and thereby to illustrate at least the partial area of the at least one printing layer (22) by contact.
  6. The printing machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the second cylinder (28) is formed to illustrate at least the partial area of the at least one printing layer (22) in non-contact manner.
  7. The printing machine (10) according to claim 6,
    wherein the second cylinder (28) is formed to provide magnetic forces and to illustrate at least the partial area of the at least one printing layer (22) by means of the magnetic forces.
  8. The printing machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the second cylinder (28) immediately adjoins to the first cylinder (20).
  9. The printing machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the printing machine (10) comprises at least one reference printing mechanism (38), and wherein the electronic computing device (34) is formed to drive the reference printing mechanism (38) and the first cylinder (20) depending on a further virtual guide axis (40) superordinated to the virtual guide axis (36) and to make the second cylinder (28) to follow up the first cylinder (20).
EP17163948.7A 2017-03-30 2017-03-30 Printing machine Active EP3381685B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17163948.7A EP3381685B1 (en) 2017-03-30 2017-03-30 Printing machine
PL17163948T PL3381685T3 (en) 2017-03-30 2017-03-30 Printing machine
RU2018111023A RU2018111023A (en) 2017-03-30 2018-03-28 TYPEWRITER

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17163948.7A EP3381685B1 (en) 2017-03-30 2017-03-30 Printing machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3381685A1 EP3381685A1 (en) 2018-10-03
EP3381685B1 true EP3381685B1 (en) 2020-12-16

Family

ID=58461224

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17163948.7A Active EP3381685B1 (en) 2017-03-30 2017-03-30 Printing machine

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3381685B1 (en)
PL (1) PL3381685T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2018111023A (en)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5116548A (en) * 1989-08-29 1992-05-26 American Bank Note Holographics, Inc. Replicaton of microstructures by casting in controlled areas of a substrate
ES2367687T3 (en) 2002-03-27 2011-11-07 Joseph B. Schutte, Iii COMBINED FLEXOGRAPHIC AND CALCOGRAPHIC PRINTING PRESS AND OPERATION SYSTEM FOR THE SAME.
DE10243454C5 (en) * 2002-09-19 2009-10-08 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Drive device of a processing machine
JP2006315229A (en) * 2005-05-11 2006-11-24 Shinohara Machinery Co Ltd Printing machine with hologram forming unit
DE102007021787B4 (en) 2007-05-07 2010-08-19 Wemhöner Surface Technologies GmbH & Co. KG Method for controlling a printing machine
DE102009045679B4 (en) 2009-10-14 2013-01-17 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Method for controlling a drive of at least one rotary body to be driven in register of a printing press
DE102013015277B4 (en) * 2013-09-16 2016-02-11 Schwarz Druck GmbH Orientation of magnetically orientable particles in one color with several superimposed magnetic fields
EP2902201A3 (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-11-11 manroland web systems GmbH Device and method of manufacturing a structured surface on a printing substrate

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3381685A1 (en) 2018-10-03
PL3381685T3 (en) 2021-07-26
RU2018111023A (en) 2019-10-01

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